1 00:00:04,960 --> 00:00:06,960 [suspenseful music] 2 00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:08,800 [narrator] The BKA, 3 00:00:08,840 --> 00:00:10,880 the German Federal Police in Wiesbaden. 4 00:00:11,440 --> 00:00:14,120 For six years the agency is run by a man 5 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:15,760 integral to its inception, 6 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:17,160 Paul Dickopf. 7 00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:22,320 A top civil servant, with a seemingly clean record, 8 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:24,280 he claims he opposed the Nazis. 9 00:00:27,760 --> 00:00:29,200 Until 1971, 10 00:00:29,240 --> 00:00:31,360 Willy Brandt is Chancellor. 11 00:00:31,600 --> 00:00:33,480 He is the top criminologist 12 00:00:33,480 --> 00:00:34,920 in West Germany. 13 00:00:34,960 --> 00:00:36,960 [suspenseful music continues] 14 00:00:43,080 --> 00:00:44,520 Anyone who criticized him, 15 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:46,840 or posed any kind of threat to him, 16 00:00:46,840 --> 00:00:48,560 was never allowed to forget it. 17 00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:51,320 He held a grudge and destroyed such people. 18 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:56,960 [narrator] Dickopf doesn't only 19 00:00:56,960 --> 00:00:59,480 forge a career for himself in West Germany. 20 00:00:59,880 --> 00:01:03,160 In 1968 he becomes head of Interpol. 21 00:01:04,280 --> 00:01:05,320 It's now his job 22 00:01:05,360 --> 00:01:07,560 to fight crime on an international scale. 23 00:01:09,600 --> 00:01:10,960 [Schenk] When Dickopf left, 24 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:13,600 Genscher, his Interior Minister of the time 25 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:15,120 held him out as an example 26 00:01:15,160 --> 00:01:17,160 to police all over Germany. 27 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:23,280 [narrator] After Dickopf's death, in 1973, 28 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:24,880 staff researching files 29 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:26,280 to compile the obituary... 30 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:28,440 make an astonishing find. 31 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:32,440 They turn up documents 32 00:01:32,440 --> 00:01:35,080 outing Dickopf as a staunch Nazi. 33 00:01:36,040 --> 00:01:37,720 His lifelong lie 34 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:39,720 finally comes to light. 35 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,200 Dickopf was not only a member of the SS 36 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:45,800 and a Nazi spy. 37 00:01:46,360 --> 00:01:48,360 Shortly before the end of the war, 38 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:50,960 he switched sides to start working as an agent 39 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:52,360 for the Americans. 40 00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:55,800 Numerous CIA documents 41 00:01:55,840 --> 00:01:58,600 given insight into the work of Caravel, 42 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:00,720 which was Dickopf's CIA code name. 43 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:05,320 The highest ranking member 44 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:06,680 of the German police, 45 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:08,600 sold confidential information 46 00:02:08,600 --> 00:02:10,120 from the government. 47 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:14,920 Chancellor, Willy Brandt, 48 00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:16,440 [unintelligible] 49 00:02:16,440 --> 00:02:18,840 was of particular interest to the Americans. 50 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:22,120 And Dickopf readily provided the information... 51 00:02:25,240 --> 00:02:27,800 as did many other Nazis, during the Cold War. 52 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:29,960 They became willing helpers, 53 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:33,080 spies, because American intelligence services 54 00:02:33,120 --> 00:02:35,360 used their pasts to blackmail them. 55 00:02:35,360 --> 00:02:37,360 [suspenseful music continues] 56 00:02:43,400 --> 00:02:45,160 The Americans were never very bothered 57 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:47,280 if the people they needed have closes ties 58 00:02:47,320 --> 00:02:49,280 to mass murderers, or extremists, 59 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:50,520 or terrorists. 60 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:52,880 The ends justified the means. 61 00:02:54,320 --> 00:02:55,960 [narrator] American intelligence services 62 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:57,400 faced a new enemy... 63 00:02:57,400 --> 00:02:58,520 Communism. 64 00:02:58,560 --> 00:03:01,440 The US enlisted former Nazis as spies. 65 00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:03,040 There was no attempt to punish them 66 00:03:03,080 --> 00:03:04,400 for their war crimes. 67 00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:07,720 [Christopher] As the Cold War grew hot... 68 00:03:07,960 --> 00:03:10,240 these Nazi collaborators... 69 00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:12,320 became pawns... 70 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:14,880 of Western intelligence services, 71 00:03:14,880 --> 00:03:17,600 for a variety of both psychological 72 00:03:17,600 --> 00:03:19,160 warfare type missions... 73 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:20,800 covert operations, 74 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:22,600 and this type of thing. 75 00:03:22,640 --> 00:03:24,640 [introduction music] 76 00:03:41,320 --> 00:03:43,160 [narrator] Only now, are Secret Service files 77 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:44,920 from the Cold War, accessible. 78 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:48,000 And they contain documents about Nazis, 79 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:50,600 who became CIA spies. 80 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:53,520 Another case, that has recently surfaced, 81 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:55,160 is that of Eugen Steinle, 82 00:03:55,200 --> 00:03:56,280 a die-hard Nazi 83 00:03:56,320 --> 00:03:58,680 who led firing squads in the Soviet Union. 84 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:00,720 [suspenseful music] 85 00:04:00,720 --> 00:04:02,720 [airplane noises] 86 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:04,840 Steinle was thought to be among those killed, 87 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:07,280 when a Lufthansa plane crashed, near Nuremberg, 88 00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:09,760 on the 20th of April, 1945. 89 00:04:13,240 --> 00:04:16,000 Eyewitnesses saw the burning plane in the sky. 90 00:04:16,320 --> 00:04:18,120 And the crash sight is still visible 91 00:04:18,120 --> 00:04:20,160 in the Piesenkofen forest today. 92 00:04:24,840 --> 00:04:26,440 At the time, locals collected up everything 93 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:28,480 that they found around the wreckage. 94 00:04:28,520 --> 00:04:30,520 [suspenseful music continues] 95 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:37,880 One item recovered was a briefcase 96 00:04:37,880 --> 00:04:39,960 containing documents and IDs. 97 00:04:40,520 --> 00:04:42,960 Among them, was one belonging to Steinle. 98 00:04:43,400 --> 00:04:44,480 The briefcase was taken 99 00:04:44,520 --> 00:04:46,560 to the local Nazi commander's office. 100 00:04:47,840 --> 00:04:48,920 A few days later... 101 00:04:48,920 --> 00:04:51,000 US troops marched into the area. 102 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:52,200 And the briefcase was ceased 103 00:04:52,240 --> 00:04:54,480 by members of the army's secret service. 104 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:56,880 The Americans were looking for Nazis 105 00:04:56,920 --> 00:04:58,880 they could use for their own purposes. 106 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:00,360 And every personal detail 107 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:01,880 would help them in their search. 108 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:06,480 They suspected Steinle, was still alive. 109 00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:08,520 CIA documents, 110 00:05:08,520 --> 00:05:10,320 listing the contents of the briefcase, 111 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:12,160 make it possible to reconstruct 112 00:05:12,160 --> 00:05:13,600 what really happened. 113 00:05:14,840 --> 00:05:16,920 The Lufthansa plane takes off from Tempelhof 114 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:19,080 on April the twentieth, 1945 115 00:05:19,320 --> 00:05:21,400 while the battle for Berlin is raging. 116 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,400 Those on board know it's only a matter of time 117 00:05:24,400 --> 00:05:27,360 before the Russians and the Western allies, take power. 118 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:34,960 There are more than twenty passengers on the condor... 119 00:05:35,200 --> 00:05:38,400 among them, a number of men in leather overcoats. 120 00:05:38,440 --> 00:05:40,440 [airplane turbine engine] 121 00:05:44,080 --> 00:05:47,000 The captain takes off under the cover of darkness. 122 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:49,240 The planned destination is Spain... 123 00:05:49,480 --> 00:05:50,960 with a fuel stop in Munich. 124 00:05:51,440 --> 00:05:52,840 But the weather is bad. 125 00:05:59,280 --> 00:06:00,920 [Karl] I can still remember my father 126 00:06:00,920 --> 00:06:02,520 telling us over breakfast... 127 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:04,880 about a low-flying plane... 128 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:07,160 making such a racket. 129 00:06:08,280 --> 00:06:10,280 [screaming turbine engine] 130 00:06:12,800 --> 00:06:14,560 [Maria] A friend lives very near to here 131 00:06:14,960 --> 00:06:16,480 and that evening, a burning plane 132 00:06:16,480 --> 00:06:17,880 flew over her roof. 133 00:06:18,440 --> 00:06:20,440 Panic-stricken, her mother grabbed hold 134 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:21,920 of both the children 135 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:24,320 and threw them and herself to the ground. 136 00:06:24,920 --> 00:06:26,280 She said that since the father 137 00:06:26,280 --> 00:06:27,600 had died in the war 138 00:06:27,600 --> 00:06:29,640 the three of them should die together. 139 00:06:30,400 --> 00:06:31,720 [loud explosion] 140 00:06:32,320 --> 00:06:35,200 [narrator] The plane crashes in a forest with no survivors. 141 00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:37,360 Were there high-ranking Nazis 142 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:39,600 on-board the condor, trying to get to Spain? 143 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:42,160 American intelligence flies 144 00:06:42,200 --> 00:06:44,680 the briefcase and the documents to the US. 145 00:06:44,680 --> 00:06:46,680 [airplane rumbling] 146 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:55,800 The agents in Washington know the end of the war 147 00:06:55,800 --> 00:06:57,160 will herald a new chapter 148 00:06:57,160 --> 00:06:59,560 in the confrontation of the superpowers. 149 00:07:00,520 --> 00:07:02,600 And, in order to secure an advantage... 150 00:07:02,840 --> 00:07:05,320 they will recruit former, top Nazis. 151 00:07:13,360 --> 00:07:14,800 They strike it lucky. 152 00:07:14,960 --> 00:07:16,080 One man in the files 153 00:07:16,080 --> 00:07:18,040 is of particular interest to the Americans... 154 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:20,800 Eugen Steinle. 155 00:07:21,440 --> 00:07:22,640 Their research tells them... 156 00:07:22,880 --> 00:07:25,400 he was responsible for mass murders in Russia. 157 00:07:25,440 --> 00:07:26,800 [gunshots] 158 00:07:29,680 --> 00:07:32,960 The agents suspect he is still alive. 159 00:07:34,440 --> 00:07:35,760 As a number of witnesses 160 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,320 report having seen him, after the crash. 161 00:07:49,360 --> 00:07:52,840 Locals near the crash sight are questioned again. 162 00:07:53,840 --> 00:07:55,080 As a war criminal, 163 00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:57,760 Steinle is valuable to the Americans. 164 00:08:03,320 --> 00:08:04,680 [Christopher] It was impossible... 165 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:06,600 to systematically... 166 00:08:06,960 --> 00:08:08,320 uh, recruit 167 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:10,080 intelligence agents... 168 00:08:10,520 --> 00:08:11,560 without... 169 00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:15,040 systematically recruiting war criminals. 170 00:08:15,280 --> 00:08:16,760 Those things went together. 171 00:08:16,800 --> 00:08:18,800 [suspenseful music] 172 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:21,520 [narrator] They launch a manhunt 173 00:08:21,520 --> 00:08:23,720 across Germany, for Eugen Steinle... 174 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:26,400 who fled to his home, in the Black Forest. 175 00:08:35,400 --> 00:08:36,640 The net closes 176 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:39,000 and in autumn, 1945 177 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:41,240 the former SS intelligence officer, 178 00:08:41,280 --> 00:08:43,440 turns himself in for interrogation. 179 00:08:43,880 --> 00:08:46,480 He knows his only chance is to tell the truth. 180 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,640 A defector, who has something to hide 181 00:08:56,840 --> 00:08:58,080 murders, for example 182 00:08:58,400 --> 00:08:59,600 can be blackmailed. 183 00:08:59,920 --> 00:09:01,080 And is therefore valuable 184 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:03,040 in the hands of his new bosses. 185 00:09:05,520 --> 00:09:07,120 [narrator] Steinle, collaborates. 186 00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:10,280 His testimony on the documents from the briefcase 187 00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:11,800 help the Americans to uncover 188 00:09:11,840 --> 00:09:14,880 an entire network of German spies in Spain. 189 00:09:15,960 --> 00:09:18,600 It consists of dozens of ex-Nazis, 190 00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:20,920 who followed the collapse of the Third Reich, 191 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:21,960 are already working 192 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:23,920 on their next crazy idea, 193 00:09:23,960 --> 00:09:25,360 the Fourth Reich, 194 00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:28,080 which translates to worldwide fascism. 195 00:09:30,200 --> 00:09:32,000 The Americans observe them... 196 00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:33,800 and recruit the Spanish players 197 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:35,440 to work on their behalf. 198 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:43,840 Following his interrogation, 199 00:09:43,880 --> 00:09:46,520 Steinle is sentenced to death by hanging. 200 00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:49,560 But is then, surprisingly pardoned. 201 00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:53,440 Did the Americans enlist him and influence the verdict? 202 00:09:54,160 --> 00:09:56,880 There is no proof as important files are missing 203 00:09:56,880 --> 00:09:59,960 from the US interrogation center, in Oberursel. 204 00:09:59,960 --> 00:10:01,960 [suspenseful music] 205 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:07,520 Nazis like Dickopf and Steinle 206 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:08,840 had become agents. 207 00:10:08,840 --> 00:10:10,800 But the US intelligence services 208 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:14,840 want more than just spies, they want Nazi traitors. 209 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:23,440 Right up until the war was over 210 00:10:23,600 --> 00:10:27,160 the allies believed the Nazis had an Alpine redoubt. 211 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:30,560 Even now the myth of missing Nazi gold, 212 00:10:30,560 --> 00:10:33,080 still lures treasure hunters to the area. 213 00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:36,040 But do these treasures really exist? 214 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:44,960 [bleeping] 215 00:10:48,560 --> 00:10:51,600 Towards the end of the war German industry made plans 216 00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:54,360 to secure its capital in the event of defeat. 217 00:10:54,400 --> 00:10:56,400 [indistinctive chattering] 218 00:11:04,320 --> 00:11:05,880 [Christopher] This was very dangerous, 219 00:11:05,920 --> 00:11:07,960 to have such discussions. 220 00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:09,440 But nevertheless, 221 00:11:09,440 --> 00:11:10,560 the alternative 222 00:11:10,560 --> 00:11:11,840 of losing everything 223 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:13,920 when Hitler was finally dead 224 00:11:13,920 --> 00:11:17,720 however that exactly happened, was even more dangerous. 225 00:11:17,880 --> 00:11:19,240 So they went ahead with this. 226 00:11:19,560 --> 00:11:21,040 And they started to... 227 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:22,520 draw up... 228 00:11:22,960 --> 00:11:24,160 plans... 229 00:11:24,360 --> 00:11:26,160 some of which still exist... 230 00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:28,840 on how they would attempt to... 231 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:30,600 reconstitute... 232 00:11:30,720 --> 00:11:33,560 Germany after Hitler left. 233 00:11:36,080 --> 00:11:37,920 [narrator] These activities were no secret 234 00:11:37,920 --> 00:11:39,880 to the allied intelligence services. 235 00:11:40,640 --> 00:11:42,200 They launched a large scale 236 00:11:42,240 --> 00:11:44,120 international surveillance operation 237 00:11:44,480 --> 00:11:46,480 code named 'Safe Haven'. 238 00:11:46,520 --> 00:11:48,520 [suspenseful music continues] 239 00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:53,480 Safe Haven was the... 240 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:56,040 name of a US Government program 241 00:11:56,040 --> 00:11:57,240 whose task it was 242 00:11:57,280 --> 00:11:59,160 to track and seize 243 00:11:59,400 --> 00:12:03,520 assets that the Nazis had seized, had looted, from Europe. 244 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,320 They were attempting to distribute 245 00:12:05,360 --> 00:12:06,960 around the world, in order to... 246 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:09,520 uh, for use after 1945. 247 00:12:11,320 --> 00:12:12,880 [narrator] The Americans knew such plans 248 00:12:12,920 --> 00:12:14,440 had been hatched by industry... 249 00:12:14,720 --> 00:12:16,840 and even in the Reich chancery. 250 00:12:17,520 --> 00:12:18,560 They were also aware 251 00:12:18,600 --> 00:12:20,280 of a network of foreign companies 252 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:22,200 set up to keep funds safe. 253 00:12:24,360 --> 00:12:25,760 In Monaco in particular, 254 00:12:25,800 --> 00:12:27,240 numerous shell corporations 255 00:12:27,280 --> 00:12:28,880 had access to millions. 256 00:12:33,640 --> 00:12:35,400 One company was a broadcaster... 257 00:12:35,640 --> 00:12:37,560 on whose board, sat the then unknown... 258 00:12:37,800 --> 00:12:39,520 Kurt Georg Kiesinger. 259 00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:47,000 He would eventually become chancellor of West Germany. 260 00:12:48,960 --> 00:12:49,960 The fact that he worked 261 00:12:49,960 --> 00:12:51,680 for the Foreign and Propaganda Ministries, 262 00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:53,000 during the Third Reich, 263 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:55,280 didn't adversely affect his career. 264 00:12:58,680 --> 00:13:01,000 Allied agents submitted detailed reports 265 00:13:01,040 --> 00:13:02,600 about financial transfers. 266 00:13:03,040 --> 00:13:04,960 Sometimes, they were even able 267 00:13:04,960 --> 00:13:07,000 to smuggle people into meetings. 268 00:13:08,760 --> 00:13:10,120 This espionage operation 269 00:13:10,160 --> 00:13:11,600 was led by Allan Dallas, 270 00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:13,640 then a US agent in Switzerland, 271 00:13:13,680 --> 00:13:15,920 who later rose to be head of the CIA. 272 00:13:18,480 --> 00:13:20,080 He knew how to use his knowledge 273 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:21,680 of the Nazi's financial doings 274 00:13:21,680 --> 00:13:23,880 to benefit his career, in Washington. 275 00:13:31,840 --> 00:13:34,240 When a bomb attack destroys the Berlin Reichsbank, 276 00:13:34,280 --> 00:13:35,880 in March 1945... 277 00:13:36,120 --> 00:13:37,720 gold and currency reserves 278 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:39,360 are no longer secure. 279 00:13:46,960 --> 00:13:49,280 It's time to put the plan into action... 280 00:13:49,760 --> 00:13:51,280 quickly and thoroughly. 281 00:13:51,560 --> 00:13:54,520 Everything is meticulously noted and checked 282 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:56,720 as 360 tons of gold 283 00:13:56,960 --> 00:13:58,720 and 300 tons of silver 284 00:13:58,720 --> 00:13:59,880 and banknotes 285 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:01,800 are loaded up and taken away. 286 00:14:03,360 --> 00:14:05,560 Documents relating to the Reichsbank's gold 287 00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:08,080 remain undiscovered in the German Central Bank 288 00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:09,960 for more than sixty years 289 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:12,640 when Karl Bernd Esser finally finds them. 290 00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:20,240 All the gold that was in the Reichsbank 291 00:14:20,240 --> 00:14:21,560 was moved to Merkers 292 00:14:21,560 --> 00:14:24,080 or to certain depots in Bavaria. 293 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,400 [narrator] Now the Americans see their chance. 294 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:31,440 Thanks to Operation Safe Haven 295 00:14:31,600 --> 00:14:33,960 they know exactly where the gold is stored. 296 00:14:35,440 --> 00:14:37,600 They arrive in the Soviet occupation zone 297 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:39,000 at the Merker's salt line 298 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:40,680 in the eastern state of Thuringia 299 00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:42,800 before the Soviets themselves. 300 00:14:43,840 --> 00:14:45,440 They declare the Reichsbank gold, 301 00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:46,760 to be Nazi loot... 302 00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:48,200 and take it with them. 303 00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:51,760 They also seize other treasures they find there. 304 00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:53,960 Including Italian gold reserves... 305 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:55,720 and gold from a national bank 306 00:14:55,720 --> 00:14:57,600 for Bohemia and Moravia. 307 00:14:57,640 --> 00:14:59,640 [suspenseful music] 308 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:09,480 Were the hiding places in the Alps 309 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:11,640 also cleared out long ago? 310 00:15:14,920 --> 00:15:16,800 You definitely won't find any gold 311 00:15:16,840 --> 00:15:18,040 in Bavaria today. 312 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:19,960 There was a settlement document 313 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:22,480 stating how much gold the Reichsbank deposited 314 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:23,800 in the different depots. 315 00:15:24,200 --> 00:15:27,240 These depots were all found largely by the Americans. 316 00:15:27,480 --> 00:15:30,640 We even went across into the Soviet zone to Merkers 317 00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:32,920 and quickly emptied the main depot there. 318 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,480 [narrator] Karl Bernd Esser says it was an act of theft 319 00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:45,520 because it essentially means the Germans twice repaid 320 00:15:45,560 --> 00:15:47,120 their Marshall Plan loan. 321 00:15:47,480 --> 00:15:50,920 Once with the Reichsbank's gold and once in deutsche marks. 322 00:15:50,960 --> 00:15:52,960 [suspenseful music continues] 323 00:15:58,480 --> 00:16:00,120 [Karl] The Marshall Plan, was a successful 324 00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:01,360 American invention 325 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:02,680 of how to trek friends 326 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:04,000 without them realizing it. 327 00:16:04,160 --> 00:16:06,280 If I take a thousand Euros from you 328 00:16:06,320 --> 00:16:07,560 and you don't notice 329 00:16:07,600 --> 00:16:10,040 and then I say, "I'll lend you a thousand Euros 330 00:16:10,080 --> 00:16:12,280 and you pay it back with a bit of interest." 331 00:16:12,320 --> 00:16:14,240 You'd think, "What a nice gesture." 332 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,840 But in reality, I took a thousand Euros 333 00:16:16,880 --> 00:16:19,400 from you already, you just didn't notice. 334 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:24,880 [narrator] The US intelligence services 335 00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:26,520 don't only use their knowledge 336 00:16:26,560 --> 00:16:28,240 and their treasures in Germany, 337 00:16:28,520 --> 00:16:30,880 but also recruit Italian fascists 338 00:16:30,920 --> 00:16:32,320 during the Cold War. 339 00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:35,480 The idea is that they will fight communism 340 00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:37,080 on America's behalf. 341 00:16:37,080 --> 00:16:39,080 [dramatic music] 342 00:16:42,880 --> 00:16:44,680 Starting the 1960s... 343 00:16:44,880 --> 00:16:48,680 a series of attacks in Italy claim hundreds of lives. 344 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:52,320 The violence is initially blamed on left-wingers... 345 00:16:52,760 --> 00:16:54,360 but it's now known to have been the work 346 00:16:54,400 --> 00:16:56,080 of right-wing radicals. 347 00:16:57,400 --> 00:17:00,920 Stefano Delle Chiaie is head of the new Reich party. 348 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,560 He is repeatedly accused of terrorist activity... 349 00:17:04,920 --> 00:17:06,440 but is never convicted. 350 00:17:12,920 --> 00:17:15,200 Our political position was very simple 351 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:16,560 and quite clear. 352 00:17:17,160 --> 00:17:19,680 It was based on historical experience, 353 00:17:19,720 --> 00:17:22,680 for which we had great respect and that was fascism. 354 00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:25,320 We tried to apply basic fascist values 355 00:17:25,360 --> 00:17:27,240 to the reality surrounding us. 356 00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:32,120 [narrator] In 1970, 357 00:17:32,160 --> 00:17:34,040 the fascist revolutionaries and their backers 358 00:17:34,080 --> 00:17:35,720 want to stage a coup in Italy 359 00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:37,800 and stamp out the left-wing parties. 360 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,680 They discuss their plans with the CIA. 361 00:17:43,440 --> 00:17:44,800 We know the CIA 362 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:46,800 was informed about these plans. 363 00:17:49,120 --> 00:17:50,520 [narrator] On December the seventh, 364 00:17:50,560 --> 00:17:52,120 Delle Chiaie supporters, 365 00:17:52,120 --> 00:17:54,440 the far right, Avanguardia Nazionale 366 00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:56,080 and parts of the military 367 00:17:56,080 --> 00:17:57,680 set their plan in motion. 368 00:18:00,480 --> 00:18:03,120 Their first targets are the state broadcaster 369 00:18:03,400 --> 00:18:04,880 and government buildings. 370 00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:07,840 The revolutionaries around 371 00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:09,200 Stefano Delle Chiaie, 372 00:18:09,240 --> 00:18:11,520 believe they are pulling the strings. 373 00:18:12,560 --> 00:18:16,120 But the attempted coup is actually being driven from elsewhere. 374 00:18:17,520 --> 00:18:18,920 Although Delle Chiaie, 375 00:18:18,920 --> 00:18:21,560 still proudly claims responsibility. 376 00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:29,840 I was responsible for the coup, morally and politically. 377 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:32,480 Even if I wasn't in Italy at the time... 378 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:36,280 The Commandant had prepared a perfect plan 379 00:18:36,520 --> 00:18:38,840 which would have triggered a chain of commands, 380 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:40,880 starting at the Ministry of Defense. 381 00:18:41,840 --> 00:18:43,720 Everything was prepared and ready. 382 00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:46,600 And, had the plan been activated 383 00:18:46,840 --> 00:18:49,160 military units would have been mobilized 384 00:18:49,160 --> 00:18:52,920 and would've taken control of every strategic sight in the country. 385 00:18:57,120 --> 00:19:00,000 [narrator] The fight against the left-wing, has a long history in Italy. 386 00:19:00,240 --> 00:19:02,280 And the US intelligence services 387 00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:04,480 have been involved from the very beginning. 388 00:19:05,760 --> 00:19:08,400 Its influence begins with the invasion of Sicily, 389 00:19:08,440 --> 00:19:11,680 when allied soldiers fight and beat the access powers. 390 00:19:15,080 --> 00:19:17,560 But some Italian forces don't give up 391 00:19:17,600 --> 00:19:21,520 and continue to fight on the side of the Germans until 1945. 392 00:19:22,800 --> 00:19:24,840 One unit in particular is feared, 393 00:19:24,880 --> 00:19:26,760 the Decima Flottiglia MAS, 394 00:19:26,880 --> 00:19:29,160 the world's first frogman commander. 395 00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:33,920 The allies both fear and admire their daring operations. 396 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:37,400 The leader of the unit is Valerio Borghese, 397 00:19:37,440 --> 00:19:38,760 the Black Prince. 398 00:19:41,880 --> 00:19:44,280 [Alessandro] The Decima MAS, Prince Borghese 399 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:45,880 was probably the best trained 400 00:19:45,920 --> 00:19:47,720 and most highly motivated unit 401 00:19:47,720 --> 00:19:49,720 in the entire fascist republic. 402 00:19:49,760 --> 00:19:51,760 [suspenseful music] 403 00:19:53,080 --> 00:19:54,640 [narrator] It takes another two years 404 00:19:54,680 --> 00:19:57,120 before World War II is won in Italy. 405 00:19:59,560 --> 00:20:02,200 And when the Americans finally march into Rome... 406 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:04,600 they are welcomed as liberators. 407 00:20:07,600 --> 00:20:10,520 Even by the pope who shares the US fear 408 00:20:10,560 --> 00:20:12,400 of a shift to the left in Italy. 409 00:20:13,040 --> 00:20:15,040 [indistinctive chattering] 410 00:20:16,320 --> 00:20:18,320 [singing] 411 00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:24,600 Because the Communists are gaining popularity. 412 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:34,360 [Alessandro] The aim of the Americans... 413 00:20:34,560 --> 00:20:35,800 was to keep the Communists 414 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:37,280 out of the government. 415 00:20:37,560 --> 00:20:39,640 To keep them away from power. 416 00:20:45,680 --> 00:20:48,080 [narrator] CIA agent, James Jesus Angleton, 417 00:20:48,080 --> 00:20:49,880 starts preparing a coup in the event 418 00:20:49,920 --> 00:20:52,240 that the Communists win the Italian elections. 419 00:20:55,200 --> 00:20:56,720 Angleton had excellent 420 00:20:56,760 --> 00:20:58,040 connections in Italy. 421 00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:00,520 He spoke Italian, even with the Vatican 422 00:21:00,760 --> 00:21:02,520 which back then, perhaps even now, 423 00:21:02,560 --> 00:21:05,560 has the most efficient intelligence service in the world. 424 00:21:08,600 --> 00:21:11,080 Angleton and Borghese became good friends. 425 00:21:11,520 --> 00:21:13,680 Borghese came from the fascist movement 426 00:21:13,760 --> 00:21:15,800 and founded the Fronte Nazionale 427 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:17,040 as a way of bundling 428 00:21:17,080 --> 00:21:18,800 the different right-wing movements. 429 00:21:19,800 --> 00:21:21,080 It was all of the means 430 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:23,080 of preventing shift to the left... 431 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:24,560 because the left parties, 432 00:21:24,600 --> 00:21:26,480 were gaining strength in Italy. 433 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:35,080 [narrator] The Communists are the archenemies of Borghese, 434 00:21:35,120 --> 00:21:37,560 who almost killed him at the end of the war. 435 00:21:38,800 --> 00:21:40,600 To act against the Communists 436 00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:43,280 the CIA enlists Borghese. 437 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,400 [Christopher] Angleton, succeeded in convincing 438 00:21:50,440 --> 00:21:52,360 the rest of the US government... 439 00:21:52,760 --> 00:21:53,800 that... 440 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:55,760 the elections of 1947, 441 00:21:55,800 --> 00:21:57,680 1948 in Italy 442 00:21:58,000 --> 00:21:59,880 would lead to a Communist 443 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:01,680 government in Italy. 444 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:03,640 And therefore... 445 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:06,480 the Americans should sink millions of dollars 446 00:22:06,680 --> 00:22:09,200 into disrupting these elections 447 00:22:09,240 --> 00:22:10,760 and disrupting particularly 448 00:22:10,960 --> 00:22:13,400 the left-wing candidates in these elections. 449 00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:16,920 [narrator] Operation Safe Haven pays off. 450 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:19,640 The Americans used seized Nazi loot 451 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:23,440 to finance Angleton's activities against Italy's Communists. 452 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:26,680 The seized riches will never be returned 453 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:28,840 to the victims or their relatives. 454 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:32,800 [Christopher] The money was 455 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:34,640 money frequently, 456 00:22:34,680 --> 00:22:37,040 that had been looted from Europe's Jews. 457 00:22:37,080 --> 00:22:38,080 Why? 458 00:22:38,120 --> 00:22:39,960 The exchange stabilization fund 459 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:43,240 was set up... early during World War II... 460 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:47,400 to seize Nazi assets in international trade. 461 00:22:47,440 --> 00:22:49,160 It was part of the blockade... 462 00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:50,920 of Germany. 463 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:55,320 [narrator] Angleton sets up a partisan army. 464 00:22:56,120 --> 00:22:58,960 This rarely seen footage shows training. 465 00:23:00,160 --> 00:23:02,880 Many of the partisans are fascists 466 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:04,400 from Borghese's front men. 467 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:07,240 Gladio, as the unit was called, 468 00:23:07,240 --> 00:23:10,120 is under the exclusive command of the CIA. 469 00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:11,320 [gun shots] 470 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:13,400 In the event that Italy 471 00:23:13,440 --> 00:23:16,480 democratically voted to become socialists, 472 00:23:16,520 --> 00:23:18,560 there would be stay-behind networks 473 00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:21,760 underground elements that were honored and paid 474 00:23:21,800 --> 00:23:24,920 and ideologically prepared to... 475 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:26,680 attempt to overturn 476 00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:28,960 that democratically elected government. 477 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:32,280 [narrator] But Gladio, was called off 478 00:23:32,320 --> 00:23:34,320 because the Communists lost the first 479 00:23:34,360 --> 00:23:35,680 post-war elections. 480 00:23:37,920 --> 00:23:39,400 The mood is tense... 481 00:23:39,600 --> 00:23:41,200 as the Soviets are forced to accept 482 00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:44,480 that Italy now belongs to the US fear of control. 483 00:23:45,600 --> 00:23:47,720 And any hopes of a third way 484 00:23:47,760 --> 00:23:49,560 are dashed by Yalta. 485 00:23:51,160 --> 00:23:52,600 Yalta, meant the victors, 486 00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:55,320 or better said, Russia, Great Britain and the US 487 00:23:55,360 --> 00:23:56,520 signed a treaty in which 488 00:23:56,520 --> 00:23:57,560 they divided the world 489 00:23:57,560 --> 00:23:59,560 into future areas of influence 490 00:23:59,760 --> 00:24:01,800 and shared it out amongst themselves. 491 00:24:02,040 --> 00:24:04,680 Most specifically, they divided up Europe. 492 00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:06,800 The treaty remained unchanged 493 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:08,640 until the collapse of the Soviet Union. 494 00:24:08,800 --> 00:24:11,640 Until the fall of the Berlin wall in the eighties. 495 00:24:16,200 --> 00:24:19,320 [narrator] Yalta puts Italy under US influence. 496 00:24:19,960 --> 00:24:22,280 It's clear that in matters relating to their political 497 00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:23,640 and strategic interests... 498 00:24:23,880 --> 00:24:26,280 the Americans will do what they see fit. 499 00:24:27,240 --> 00:24:29,160 And that they will not create space 500 00:24:29,160 --> 00:24:31,360 between the blocks for a third power. 501 00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:36,320 In the post-Yalta world, 502 00:24:36,360 --> 00:24:38,240 in which the borders of the different blocks 503 00:24:38,280 --> 00:24:41,680 were carefully adhered to the respective hegemonic powers, 504 00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:43,560 crushed any uprising. 505 00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:49,000 That went for Hungary in 1956 and even more so for Berlin in 1953. 506 00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:51,040 And it went for every other revolt. 507 00:24:51,360 --> 00:24:53,640 And terrorism in Italy and Germany, 508 00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:55,760 really only served one purpose, 509 00:24:55,800 --> 00:24:58,600 it was to stabilize the political status quo. 510 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:00,080 [suspenseful music] 511 00:25:00,080 --> 00:25:01,880 [narrator] As to the 1978 murder 512 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:04,040 of Italian Prime Minister, Aldo Moro... 513 00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:08,040 he was kidnapped and shot by the Red Brigades. 514 00:25:09,520 --> 00:25:11,840 But numerous agents and intelligence services 515 00:25:11,840 --> 00:25:13,600 were also involved in the killing. 516 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:16,360 Many Italians believed Moro was murdered 517 00:25:16,360 --> 00:25:18,240 because he wanted a third way. 518 00:25:19,560 --> 00:25:23,440 Other powers were also involved in the 1970 attempted coup. 519 00:25:23,800 --> 00:25:27,040 Borghese and Delle Chiaie were just puppets. 520 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:29,040 [suspenseful music continues] 521 00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:38,320 We know of a telephone call 522 00:25:38,360 --> 00:25:39,800 with Borghese that took place 523 00:25:39,800 --> 00:25:41,920 between one and two in the morning. 524 00:25:41,960 --> 00:25:43,880 And then the coup was stopped. 525 00:25:44,360 --> 00:25:46,560 We also know that this call was with 526 00:25:46,600 --> 00:25:48,280 a high ranking politician. 527 00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:51,680 In a written statement he made before his death, 528 00:25:51,720 --> 00:25:55,240 Borghese claimed that one of Andreotti's confidantes, 529 00:25:55,280 --> 00:26:00,360 had called him and that he was acting on the instructions of Andreotti 530 00:26:00,360 --> 00:26:02,640 who was the American's puppet at the time. 531 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:10,560 [narrator] The ones really pulling the strings 532 00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:12,360 are high ranking Italians. 533 00:26:12,800 --> 00:26:15,240 Right-wing politician, Giulio Andreotti... 534 00:26:15,480 --> 00:26:17,720 who was later Prime Minister, seven times. 535 00:26:18,240 --> 00:26:19,560 And Licio Gelli, 536 00:26:19,600 --> 00:26:23,560 head of the P2 Freemasons lodge and American agent. 537 00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:32,480 They started to spread all kinds of lies. 538 00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:34,680 We're talking now about Gelli, 539 00:26:34,720 --> 00:26:36,240 who blew off the coup. 540 00:26:36,640 --> 00:26:39,440 We're talking about Andreotti who backed him 541 00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:42,200 and who's still withholding important facts. 542 00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:44,680 For example, that his friend, 543 00:26:44,720 --> 00:26:46,280 the public prosecutor of the coup 544 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:48,000 of the charter, Borghese, 545 00:26:48,040 --> 00:26:49,800 who was also Andreotti's puppet... 546 00:26:50,120 --> 00:26:53,440 requested 28 years in prison for me and my comrades. 547 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:56,080 You have to be careful with friends like that. 548 00:26:59,160 --> 00:27:01,200 [suspenseful music] 549 00:27:01,200 --> 00:27:04,560 [narrator] During the attempted coup the US Military flexed its muscles. 550 00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:07,480 Shortly beforehand, the sixth US fleet 551 00:27:07,480 --> 00:27:09,560 was allegedly put on a state of alert. 552 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:13,840 Hoping to impress the CIA, Gelli and Andreotti 553 00:27:13,880 --> 00:27:15,800 presented themselves to the Americans, 554 00:27:15,840 --> 00:27:19,120 as influential figures capable of both mobilizing 555 00:27:19,160 --> 00:27:21,280 and calling off military coups. 556 00:27:26,680 --> 00:27:29,920 Fascists such as Borghese and Delle Chiaie, 557 00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:31,320 have to go underground. 558 00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:35,120 The US intelligence services choose South America 559 00:27:35,120 --> 00:27:36,960 as the most suitable place. 560 00:27:37,680 --> 00:27:39,640 There, in their search for power... 561 00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:43,000 the Fascists join forces with Dictators. 562 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,840 Clearly we wanted to implement our ideology, 563 00:27:49,880 --> 00:27:51,240 and our conviction there. 564 00:27:51,600 --> 00:27:53,120 And our fight for fascism, 565 00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:56,720 fell on more fertile ground in Latin America than elsewhere. 566 00:27:57,400 --> 00:27:59,040 Many parties in Latin America, 567 00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:01,800 had fascist or national socialist roots. 568 00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:07,440 [narrator] But Chile is different. 569 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:10,120 In 1971, Socialist, Salvador Allende 570 00:28:10,160 --> 00:28:11,560 is elected to power. 571 00:28:12,560 --> 00:28:14,880 His Marxist politics, make him enemies... 572 00:28:15,240 --> 00:28:17,520 and many enthusiastic followers. 573 00:28:20,120 --> 00:28:22,280 This was perceived by the United States... 574 00:28:22,680 --> 00:28:24,200 as a tremendous threat. 575 00:28:24,440 --> 00:28:26,560 Because if peaceful revolution... 576 00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:28,720 uh, were to take hold... 577 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:33,200 that would greatly weaken the United States ideological 578 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:35,640 hold on South America. 579 00:28:37,240 --> 00:28:39,560 [narrator] Under the instruction of US Secretary of State, 580 00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:43,360 Henry Kissinger, the CIA becomes active in Chile. 581 00:28:43,880 --> 00:28:45,600 The staunch anti-communist 582 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:47,600 is not content to bank on Allende 583 00:28:47,600 --> 00:28:49,360 losing the next elections. 584 00:28:50,680 --> 00:28:53,680 In September, 1973, General Pinochet, 585 00:28:53,680 --> 00:28:57,520 supported by Italian fascists, stages a military coup. 586 00:28:57,960 --> 00:29:00,120 The Americans leave them to it. 587 00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:03,000 The two sides, like Pinochet, 588 00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:04,840 want to wipe out communism. 589 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:06,880 [ominous music] 590 00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:18,920 We were in contact with Chilean comrades 591 00:29:18,920 --> 00:29:20,520 before the coup in Chile. 592 00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:27,480 In 1974, Commandant Borghese and I were in Santiago, 593 00:29:27,520 --> 00:29:29,520 where we met President Pinochet. 594 00:29:29,920 --> 00:29:32,080 We started working closely together. 595 00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:34,600 When we arrived in Chile 596 00:29:34,880 --> 00:29:37,000 we were greeted by President Pinochet. 597 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:43,120 [narrator] In 1975, 598 00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:44,840 the Fascists gather in Madrid 599 00:29:44,880 --> 00:29:46,440 to attend the funeral of a mutual 600 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:47,880 and like-minded friend, 601 00:29:47,920 --> 00:29:50,200 Spanish dictator, Francisco Franco. 602 00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:54,600 It's here that the cooperation between Italian fascists 603 00:29:54,640 --> 00:29:58,000 and the Chilean intelligence service, DINA, is sealed. 604 00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:02,360 The ringleader is none other than Stefano Delle Chiaie. 605 00:30:03,280 --> 00:30:07,480 But again, his involvement in the ensuing crimes is never proven. 606 00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:10,960 The first meeting of collaborators... 607 00:30:11,240 --> 00:30:13,160 but it's not the last. 608 00:30:14,720 --> 00:30:17,000 [John] Pinochet himself, meets with these... 609 00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:18,880 terrorists who have just pulled off 610 00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:20,160 this assassination. 611 00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:21,600 And um... 612 00:30:21,600 --> 00:30:23,600 Monroe Contreras says they're in 613 00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:26,560 everybody is... having a kind of... 614 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:28,160 right-wing love fest. 615 00:30:28,640 --> 00:30:31,440 They then, Stefano Delle Chiaie are given 616 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:33,560 permission, apparently at that meeting... 617 00:30:33,880 --> 00:30:36,440 that they can set up headquarters in Chile. 618 00:30:36,440 --> 00:30:39,800 So the Italians then began to collaborate with DINA. 619 00:30:40,760 --> 00:30:43,160 [narrator] There follows a series of murders. 620 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:45,200 [suspenseful music] 621 00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:47,640 [loud explosion] 622 00:30:47,680 --> 00:30:50,120 Among the targets is Allende's former Foreign Minister, 623 00:30:50,160 --> 00:30:52,160 Orlando Letelier, in Washington. 624 00:30:53,120 --> 00:30:56,560 But terrorism on home turf is too much for the US 625 00:30:56,560 --> 00:30:58,040 which reigns Pinochet in. 626 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:05,760 They talked about the weakness of the United States 627 00:31:05,800 --> 00:31:09,640 and its ability to defeat the communist menace. 628 00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:13,000 Uh... and the desire of the... 629 00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:15,680 military governance in Latin America 630 00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:17,080 take the leadership... 631 00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:19,280 uh, internationally... 632 00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:22,720 to defeat the communist movement worldwide. 633 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:24,320 It's... 634 00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:26,400 uh, the scope of this... 635 00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:28,840 is mind-blowing. 636 00:31:29,160 --> 00:31:31,680 They actually refer to it as... 637 00:31:31,880 --> 00:31:33,200 World War III. 638 00:31:34,440 --> 00:31:37,600 [narrator] Pinochet's Junta prepares for this war. 639 00:31:41,960 --> 00:31:44,920 [Heller] It included the wish to own toxic gasses, 640 00:31:45,160 --> 00:31:47,480 the production of biological weapons... 641 00:31:47,880 --> 00:31:49,360 and prisoners in Chile, 642 00:31:49,560 --> 00:31:51,440 were killed during trials. 643 00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:54,120 And the production of toxic gasses, 644 00:31:54,400 --> 00:31:56,360 sarin and mustard gas. 645 00:31:59,360 --> 00:32:02,360 [men singing] 646 00:32:02,400 --> 00:32:05,240 [narrator]The research laboratory for inhuman experiments, 647 00:32:05,240 --> 00:32:07,760 is located at Colonia Dignidad. 648 00:32:08,640 --> 00:32:12,080 The hamlet goes from strange to sinister. 649 00:32:12,120 --> 00:32:13,480 [violin music] 650 00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:17,280 Following the military coup in 1973, 651 00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:20,040 Colonia Dignidad became a torture camp... 652 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:23,480 a training camp for the secret service, the DINA. 653 00:32:23,640 --> 00:32:27,320 Complete with torture school, an arms smuggling center, 654 00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:30,280 a center for alternative arms production... 655 00:32:30,720 --> 00:32:32,080 and a place for the DINA 656 00:32:32,080 --> 00:32:34,320 to communicate with the outside world. 657 00:32:39,360 --> 00:32:41,160 [narrator] This part of Colonia Dignidad 658 00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:43,240 is sealed off with a death strip. 659 00:32:44,080 --> 00:32:47,040 The underground torture chambers are well hidden. 660 00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:48,680 So that from the outside, 661 00:32:48,680 --> 00:32:50,080 it looks like a farm. 662 00:32:50,680 --> 00:32:53,440 Anyone who wants to be fooled, could be. 663 00:32:57,720 --> 00:32:59,840 I was impressed by the compound. 664 00:33:03,040 --> 00:33:04,840 It impressed me because somehow 665 00:33:04,840 --> 00:33:06,080 I'm a dreamer. 666 00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:10,520 I'd always dreamed of setting up a center for my comrades. 667 00:33:12,680 --> 00:33:15,040 I wanted to give them the chance to relax 668 00:33:15,440 --> 00:33:17,480 and take a break from their fight. 669 00:33:19,920 --> 00:33:22,000 I'd been thinking about something like that. 670 00:33:25,080 --> 00:33:27,120 [suspenseful music] 671 00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:30,360 [narrator] Far from being just a recuperation center for Nazis, 672 00:33:30,360 --> 00:33:32,760 Colonia Dignidad is also used to produce 673 00:33:32,760 --> 00:33:34,840 biological and chemical weapons. 674 00:33:35,760 --> 00:33:37,360 Chile's intelligence service, 675 00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:39,960 needs untraceable, deadly toxins. 676 00:33:42,600 --> 00:33:44,520 [John] There is a shortlist of people 677 00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:46,120 that have been confirmed 678 00:33:46,120 --> 00:33:47,720 to have been murdered 679 00:33:47,760 --> 00:33:50,280 using... sarin gas. 680 00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:55,480 [narrator] A German doctor is one of those experimenting at Colonia Dignidad. 681 00:33:58,880 --> 00:34:02,320 [Friedrich] The doctor at Colonia Dignidad, Hartmut Hopp, 682 00:34:02,360 --> 00:34:04,920 who fled the Chilean courts to Krefeld 683 00:34:04,960 --> 00:34:07,200 at a devil's workshop containing some 684 00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:08,840 four hundred toxins. 685 00:34:10,480 --> 00:34:12,680 Among them were poisons to inhale... 686 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:15,040 poisons deadly to the touch... 687 00:34:15,360 --> 00:34:18,120 poisons that kill when consumed with food. 688 00:34:18,920 --> 00:34:22,640 It was a wild arsenal and nobody knows exactly 689 00:34:22,640 --> 00:34:24,960 who fell prey to those substances. 690 00:34:29,680 --> 00:34:30,960 [unsettling music] 691 00:34:31,160 --> 00:34:34,560 [narrator] The Cold War Nazis don't only support Pinochet 692 00:34:34,560 --> 00:34:37,280 but other dictators in South America as well. 693 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:40,400 The CIA gives them free reign. 694 00:34:40,440 --> 00:34:42,440 [dramatic music] 695 00:34:52,680 --> 00:34:55,800 [narrator] In 1980, the military stages a coup in Bolivia. 696 00:34:56,120 --> 00:34:57,880 Known as the 'Cocaine Coup' 697 00:34:57,920 --> 00:34:58,920 it brings the mafia 698 00:34:58,960 --> 00:35:01,160 under General Garcia Meza, to power. 699 00:35:01,200 --> 00:35:03,720 [speaking Spanish] 700 00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:07,880 Pulling the strings in the background is a German... 701 00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:11,200 Nazi general, Klaus Barbie, 702 00:35:11,240 --> 00:35:14,120 a fascist companion, waxes lyrical. 703 00:35:15,320 --> 00:35:17,120 I met him when I was in Bolivia. 704 00:35:17,320 --> 00:35:18,680 He's a great character. 705 00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:23,000 Very intelligent, very capable, great integrity. 706 00:35:24,640 --> 00:35:26,240 [dramatic music] 707 00:35:26,240 --> 00:35:28,480 [narrator] Klaus Barbie, had won himself the name 708 00:35:28,520 --> 00:35:29,880 'The Butcher of Lyon' 709 00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:32,360 for his brutal treatment of members of the resistance 710 00:35:32,640 --> 00:35:35,680 opposing German occupation during World War II. 711 00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:44,320 After the war... 712 00:35:44,720 --> 00:35:45,720 Barbie was hired 713 00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:47,880 by the American intelligence services. 714 00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:50,440 [Christopher] There were different ways 715 00:35:50,440 --> 00:35:54,120 that senior SS and SD officers survived the war. 716 00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:56,800 But they do share a common pattern. 717 00:35:57,080 --> 00:35:59,120 And the pattern is something that I call 718 00:35:59,120 --> 00:36:00,680 'entrepreneurism' 719 00:36:00,720 --> 00:36:02,800 or 'intelligence entrepreneurism' 720 00:36:03,040 --> 00:36:04,440 in which they take 721 00:36:04,480 --> 00:36:06,920 whatever assets they can lay there hands on... 722 00:36:07,480 --> 00:36:09,400 and attempt to sell these... 723 00:36:09,840 --> 00:36:11,400 uh, or to... 724 00:36:11,440 --> 00:36:15,800 Encourage intelligence services to invest in them. 725 00:36:15,840 --> 00:36:17,480 [suspenseful music] 726 00:36:17,560 --> 00:36:18,560 [gunshot] 727 00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:20,120 [narrator] Klaus Barbie, is a valuable 728 00:36:20,120 --> 00:36:21,400 agent for the Americans. 729 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:24,720 He uses his knowledge of Communists and the resistance 730 00:36:24,760 --> 00:36:26,400 to buy his own freedom. 731 00:36:28,080 --> 00:36:30,080 [Andreas] The Americans did everything they could 732 00:36:30,080 --> 00:36:31,800 to ensure that the resistance fighters 733 00:36:31,840 --> 00:36:34,120 didn't come to power after the war. 734 00:36:34,320 --> 00:36:35,960 And Barbie was important for them 735 00:36:36,200 --> 00:36:38,360 because he was able to show the Americans 736 00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:40,680 that he knew the network of collaborators 737 00:36:40,720 --> 00:36:42,040 who had worked with the Germans 738 00:36:42,080 --> 00:36:43,360 in the occupied areas 739 00:36:43,400 --> 00:36:44,680 and in Vichy. 740 00:36:44,720 --> 00:36:46,520 It made him really valuable. 741 00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:49,400 With this he had an insight into the blackmail-ability 742 00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:51,720 of the entire French political scene. 743 00:36:54,240 --> 00:36:55,840 [dramatic music] 744 00:36:55,840 --> 00:36:57,560 [narrator] The Americans initially hide 745 00:36:57,600 --> 00:36:59,360 the war criminals in Germany 746 00:36:59,360 --> 00:37:01,120 and then in South America. 747 00:37:04,880 --> 00:37:07,800 [Christopher] They understood particularly the... 748 00:37:07,840 --> 00:37:09,480 bloody politics... 749 00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:11,480 of certain types of intelligence. 750 00:37:11,480 --> 00:37:14,080 They understood colonial war. 751 00:37:14,600 --> 00:37:16,640 They had a mentality that was... 752 00:37:16,800 --> 00:37:18,600 well-suited for colonial war, 753 00:37:18,640 --> 00:37:19,840 it's because they... 754 00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:20,920 uh... 755 00:37:21,320 --> 00:37:23,560 believed themselves to be... 756 00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:25,240 uh... 757 00:37:25,280 --> 00:37:26,720 when all is said and done, 758 00:37:26,760 --> 00:37:28,680 uber ... superior. 759 00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:30,400 Um... 760 00:37:30,680 --> 00:37:32,080 and thus, were willing 761 00:37:32,120 --> 00:37:34,440 to take the lives of a great many people 762 00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:39,000 that they considered to be inferior for racial or ethnic reasons. 763 00:37:40,760 --> 00:37:42,280 [narrator] Barbie ultimately becomes 764 00:37:42,280 --> 00:37:43,760 an intelligence service adviser 765 00:37:43,800 --> 00:37:44,960 in South America. 766 00:37:46,160 --> 00:37:49,080 In the seventies Operation Condor begins. 767 00:37:50,440 --> 00:37:52,400 [Christopher] The American Operation Condor, 768 00:37:52,400 --> 00:37:55,040 was an alliance, if you will, 769 00:37:55,080 --> 00:37:57,680 between the intelligence agencies of 770 00:37:57,680 --> 00:37:59,800 several South American governments 771 00:37:59,840 --> 00:38:02,880 that at that time were run by fascist 772 00:38:02,880 --> 00:38:04,640 or extreme right-wing parties... 773 00:38:04,800 --> 00:38:07,920 with well documented histories of disappearances, 774 00:38:07,960 --> 00:38:10,800 abuse, murder of prisoners and so forth. 775 00:38:11,520 --> 00:38:13,640 And that those regimes... 776 00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:15,920 found Klaus Barbie, 777 00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:18,760 to be a very compatible agent... 778 00:38:19,000 --> 00:38:20,400 for their operations. 779 00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:22,680 [narrator] A total of 50,000 people, 780 00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:25,200 from the alliance nations are murdered. 781 00:38:25,680 --> 00:38:28,400 Once again, the CIA is involved. 782 00:38:28,400 --> 00:38:30,400 [suspenseful music] 783 00:38:31,000 --> 00:38:32,680 [John] I call it the red light... 784 00:38:33,080 --> 00:38:34,080 green light... 785 00:38:34,400 --> 00:38:35,720 uh, phenomenon. 786 00:38:36,040 --> 00:38:37,120 Uh, the United States 787 00:38:37,120 --> 00:38:38,600 was publicly saying, 788 00:38:38,600 --> 00:38:40,800 defending... human rights... 789 00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:43,360 um... and privately 790 00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:44,680 telling these regimes 791 00:38:44,720 --> 00:38:46,720 that what they were doing was okay. 792 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:50,680 Until they defeated the left, they should go ahead and do it. 793 00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:54,520 [narrator] Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, was seen as a driving force 794 00:38:54,560 --> 00:38:56,160 behind the CIA policy. 795 00:38:56,520 --> 00:38:58,240 France, Chile and Argentina, 796 00:38:58,280 --> 00:38:59,680 summon him to answer questions 797 00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:01,560 about human rights violations. 798 00:39:01,760 --> 00:39:05,280 In 2007, Uruguay requests his extradition. 799 00:39:05,840 --> 00:39:07,440 It gradually becomes clear 800 00:39:07,480 --> 00:39:09,920 Kissinger was covering for Operation Condor, 801 00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:11,480 even for the death squads. 802 00:39:12,080 --> 00:39:14,160 Among them, is a well-known fascist, 803 00:39:14,200 --> 00:39:16,600 Stefano Delle Chiaie in Bolivia, 804 00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:18,360 leading a troop of mercenaries. 805 00:39:21,120 --> 00:39:23,760 [Friedrich] These 'Grooms of Death' as they were called, 806 00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:25,640 supported the Cocaine Mafia 807 00:39:25,640 --> 00:39:27,600 that staged the coup in Bolivia. 808 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:29,880 And they reaped the rewards. 809 00:39:30,560 --> 00:39:31,840 They surged through many 810 00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:33,320 Latin American countries 811 00:39:33,360 --> 00:39:35,040 starting counter-revolutions. 812 00:39:35,240 --> 00:39:36,640 Killing, torturing 813 00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:38,840 and turning a profit in the process. 814 00:39:42,440 --> 00:39:45,480 [narrator] The Grooms of Death are financed by the cocaine trade, 815 00:39:45,480 --> 00:39:48,960 a sector entwined with secret services worldwide. 816 00:39:49,000 --> 00:39:51,000 [dramatic music] 817 00:39:53,560 --> 00:39:56,080 The drugs trade is an ideal source of money. 818 00:39:56,640 --> 00:39:58,160 Everything is top secret... 819 00:39:58,480 --> 00:40:00,920 and those involved can be blackmailed. 820 00:40:11,800 --> 00:40:14,400 [Andreas] The war against drugs is basically a means 821 00:40:14,400 --> 00:40:15,880 of tricking the public. 822 00:40:16,320 --> 00:40:18,400 Because the real drug trade 823 00:40:18,440 --> 00:40:20,880 is run by privileged individuals. 824 00:40:21,200 --> 00:40:22,720 People who are protected 825 00:40:22,760 --> 00:40:24,680 by the intelligence services. 826 00:40:24,840 --> 00:40:26,680 Who can grow any crop they like, 827 00:40:26,680 --> 00:40:28,000 without any risk. 828 00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:32,040 And sell them to America, Europe, wherever. 829 00:40:40,760 --> 00:40:43,120 The profit margin is astronomical. 830 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:46,440 And the intelligence services siphon off what they need 831 00:40:46,480 --> 00:40:48,000 for their operations. 832 00:40:51,120 --> 00:40:52,560 [narrator] Klaus Barbie perfected 833 00:40:52,600 --> 00:40:54,120 the cocaine trade in Bolivia... 834 00:40:54,320 --> 00:40:55,640 among other things. 835 00:40:59,400 --> 00:41:01,600 Barbie made impressions systematic. 836 00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:05,520 He abolished the system of arbitrary beating and brutality. 837 00:41:05,680 --> 00:41:08,240 And introduced systematic torture 838 00:41:08,240 --> 00:41:10,840 and an organized correctional system. 839 00:41:11,200 --> 00:41:12,440 And that was his doom. 840 00:41:12,560 --> 00:41:14,840 Because it meant people became aware of him. 841 00:41:15,240 --> 00:41:16,720 And then he was extradited. 842 00:41:20,560 --> 00:41:22,760 [narrator] In Lyon in May 1987, 843 00:41:22,800 --> 00:41:24,680 four years after his extradition, 844 00:41:24,880 --> 00:41:28,040 Klaus Barbie was sentenced to lifelong imprisonment. 845 00:41:28,640 --> 00:41:31,200 He died in prison in 1991. 846 00:41:37,480 --> 00:41:40,000 Very few Nazis were ever sentenced. 847 00:41:40,160 --> 00:41:43,600 Paul Dickopf, the long serving president of the BKA... 848 00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:46,080 enjoyed the trust of leading politicians, 849 00:41:46,120 --> 00:41:47,280 until his death. 850 00:41:54,080 --> 00:41:56,520 Although a former SS man and Nazi spy... 851 00:41:57,000 --> 00:42:00,520 Dickopf was hired by the Americans, even before the end of the war. 852 00:42:01,920 --> 00:42:03,160 At some point he saw 853 00:42:03,160 --> 00:42:04,720 Germany wasn't going to win, 854 00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:06,840 so he hung his flag in the wind 855 00:42:06,840 --> 00:42:09,600 and decided it was time to switch sides. 856 00:42:13,080 --> 00:42:14,760 [narrator] His friend, Francois Genoud, 857 00:42:14,800 --> 00:42:17,000 another Nazi agent, helps him. 858 00:42:17,040 --> 00:42:18,600 They know each other from Switzerland 859 00:42:18,800 --> 00:42:20,280 where they even lived together. 860 00:42:20,320 --> 00:42:21,880 [suspenseful music] 861 00:42:24,160 --> 00:42:26,040 Genoud was a major banker, 862 00:42:26,080 --> 00:42:29,400 a convinced Nazi and a big fan of Hitler's. 863 00:42:29,600 --> 00:42:31,320 And he was probably the one who saved 864 00:42:31,360 --> 00:42:34,800 Nazi and SS fortunes, after 1945. 865 00:42:39,240 --> 00:42:41,400 Genoud published Goebbels Diaries, 866 00:42:41,400 --> 00:42:43,120 and made a lot of money, as a result. 867 00:42:43,920 --> 00:42:47,200 He uses the proceeds to finance the defense for Adolf Eichmann... 868 00:42:47,480 --> 00:42:48,840 and Klaus Barbie. 869 00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:54,440 He's friends with the terrorists, Carlos... 870 00:42:57,560 --> 00:42:59,120 and Wadie Haddad... 871 00:42:59,360 --> 00:43:01,160 who was also a KGB agent... 872 00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:04,360 and is responsible for numerous brutal attacks. 873 00:43:07,200 --> 00:43:10,240 But Dickopf's connection don't damage his career. 874 00:43:10,680 --> 00:43:11,680 On the contrary... 875 00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:13,920 the CIA and its head... 876 00:43:14,240 --> 00:43:15,800 advance his career. 877 00:43:21,920 --> 00:43:23,520 His connection to the American 878 00:43:23,560 --> 00:43:24,960 intelligence services 879 00:43:25,000 --> 00:43:26,120 contributed to him 880 00:43:26,160 --> 00:43:29,000 being employed in the German Interior Ministry. 881 00:43:29,920 --> 00:43:32,280 And then, leading the BKA... 882 00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:35,640 Germany's federal office of criminal investigation. 883 00:43:36,200 --> 00:43:39,360 Even though he had an SS background. 884 00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:43,080 And I think... 885 00:43:43,360 --> 00:43:45,080 although it is just my opinion... 886 00:43:45,520 --> 00:43:49,040 that there was a CIA objective behind his promotion. 887 00:43:50,920 --> 00:43:53,960 I think... they wanted to see him in such a position. 888 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:01,440 [suspenseful music] 889 00:44:01,480 --> 00:44:03,080 [narrator] Dickopf passed on information 890 00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:04,480 about German politics... 891 00:44:04,680 --> 00:44:07,080 especially concerning Willy Brandt. 892 00:44:10,400 --> 00:44:11,920 In confidential meetings... 893 00:44:12,040 --> 00:44:13,160 the BKA president 894 00:44:13,160 --> 00:44:15,320 was partied to top secret intelligence... 895 00:44:15,560 --> 00:44:17,600 regarding Brandt's, Ostpolitik. 896 00:44:20,720 --> 00:44:22,640 It was information from a government 897 00:44:22,680 --> 00:44:24,280 who's policy of detente... 898 00:44:24,560 --> 00:44:27,040 was viewed with skepticism in the US. 899 00:44:29,640 --> 00:44:32,320 How much did Paul Dickopf really know? 900 00:44:33,160 --> 00:44:35,160 [speaking German] 901 00:44:42,440 --> 00:44:44,400 He took part in ministry meetings 902 00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:46,720 and was involved at a political level. 903 00:44:47,200 --> 00:44:49,000 But to what extent he compromised 904 00:44:49,040 --> 00:44:50,760 the sovereignty of West Germany 905 00:44:50,800 --> 00:44:52,720 in terms of what he gave away... 906 00:44:53,200 --> 00:44:54,400 no one can say. 907 00:44:57,120 --> 00:44:58,680 Dickopf is a window 908 00:44:58,720 --> 00:44:59,960 into the highest 909 00:45:00,000 --> 00:45:01,240 level security 910 00:45:01,240 --> 00:45:02,760 and intelligence issues 911 00:45:02,760 --> 00:45:05,880 as viewed by the German government of that period. 912 00:45:06,000 --> 00:45:07,040 This is... 913 00:45:07,360 --> 00:45:09,320 high level, elite... 914 00:45:09,520 --> 00:45:11,320 insight into... 915 00:45:11,640 --> 00:45:14,440 the security apparatus of a different country. 916 00:45:15,520 --> 00:45:16,960 [narrator] In CIA files, 917 00:45:17,000 --> 00:45:19,680 Dickopf is described as a unilateral agent... 918 00:45:19,840 --> 00:45:22,160 as working exclusively for one side. 919 00:45:22,480 --> 00:45:24,480 Was he simply a traitor? 920 00:45:28,320 --> 00:45:30,000 I have a problem with the word 'traitor' 921 00:45:30,040 --> 00:45:31,320 in the context of Dickopf 922 00:45:31,360 --> 00:45:33,440 because for him it was everyday life. 923 00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:35,360 He was committed to both sides. 924 00:45:36,000 --> 00:45:38,040 There was almost certainly a kind of gratitude 925 00:45:38,080 --> 00:45:39,960 towards the Americans as well. 926 00:45:40,680 --> 00:45:42,440 [piano music] 927 00:45:42,480 --> 00:45:45,040 [narrator] How badly did Dickopf damage Germany? 928 00:45:49,600 --> 00:45:52,040 In 1972, his friend, Genoud 929 00:45:52,080 --> 00:45:54,120 helps to hijack a Lufthansa jet. 930 00:45:55,240 --> 00:45:57,440 The action generates fifteen million marks 931 00:45:57,440 --> 00:45:59,640 in ransom for Palestinian coffers. 932 00:46:00,280 --> 00:46:03,320 Money that would be used for further terrorist activity. 933 00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:12,200 In 1972, Genoud also finances the Munich massacre 934 00:46:12,200 --> 00:46:14,000 of the Israeli Olympic team. 935 00:46:16,440 --> 00:46:18,560 The sporting event, which is supposed to be 936 00:46:18,600 --> 00:46:20,360 Germany's big, prestigious moment... 937 00:46:20,720 --> 00:46:24,080 becomes one of the country's biggest ever catastrophes... 938 00:46:29,240 --> 00:46:31,280 when eleven Israeli athletes... 939 00:46:31,560 --> 00:46:34,120 are murdered as the world looks on. 940 00:46:37,680 --> 00:46:38,920 [loud explosion] 941 00:46:43,240 --> 00:46:46,000 Genoud was close to Middle East terrorist circles. 942 00:46:46,240 --> 00:46:47,360 Some of which worked 943 00:46:47,400 --> 00:46:48,520 with Mosat. 944 00:46:49,760 --> 00:46:52,680 It's a very, very strange structure. 945 00:46:54,320 --> 00:46:57,000 [narrator] As head of Interpol, Dickopf is supposed to fight 946 00:46:57,040 --> 00:46:59,760 such terrorists financed by his friend, Genoud. 947 00:47:00,600 --> 00:47:01,880 During his time in office... 948 00:47:02,280 --> 00:47:05,240 there's a rise in the number of attacks and hijackings. 949 00:47:06,080 --> 00:47:09,400 But Dickopf says that Interpol is powerless to stop them. 950 00:47:12,960 --> 00:47:15,320 You know that Article three of our statute, 951 00:47:15,320 --> 00:47:16,720 prevents the organization 952 00:47:16,720 --> 00:47:18,480 from any direct intervention. 953 00:47:19,000 --> 00:47:20,800 But that should encourage other countries 954 00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:22,080 to be much more active 955 00:47:22,120 --> 00:47:23,840 in sharing of intelligence. 956 00:47:27,120 --> 00:47:28,160 [interviewer] So, just because 957 00:47:28,160 --> 00:47:29,720 Interpol can't intervene... 958 00:47:29,880 --> 00:47:31,240 it doesn't mean other countries 959 00:47:31,280 --> 00:47:33,120 can't take bilateral action. 960 00:47:33,800 --> 00:47:35,920 Bilaterally and multilaterally. 961 00:47:36,080 --> 00:47:37,560 They can do whatever they want, 962 00:47:37,560 --> 00:47:39,560 as long as they don't involve Interpol. 963 00:47:43,920 --> 00:47:47,200 At the same time as fifteen and later thirty planes 964 00:47:47,200 --> 00:47:49,400 were being hijacked in a single year... 965 00:47:49,640 --> 00:47:54,920 the Western states decide that solving terrorist crimes is not Interpol's job. 966 00:47:59,480 --> 00:48:00,560 It's outrageous. 967 00:48:01,520 --> 00:48:03,760 Dickopf was in contact with Genoud... 968 00:48:04,040 --> 00:48:05,840 who he's always meeting up with. 969 00:48:05,960 --> 00:48:09,320 And Genoud finances the people who hijacked the planes. 970 00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:13,400 And at the same time Interpol says, "It's not our job." 971 00:48:18,400 --> 00:48:19,680 [narrator] Did the CIA know 972 00:48:19,720 --> 00:48:21,960 about Dickopf's contacts with Genoud? 973 00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:24,920 Documents prove that they did. 974 00:48:25,920 --> 00:48:28,360 Dickopf himself told the CIA, 975 00:48:28,400 --> 00:48:30,840 that he had known him since the World War II. 976 00:48:30,840 --> 00:48:32,840 [suspenseful music] 977 00:48:35,240 --> 00:48:37,080 But the open files in Washington... 978 00:48:37,320 --> 00:48:40,160 don't seem to contain all the information the CIA 979 00:48:40,160 --> 00:48:42,800 claimed from Dickopf and other Nazis. 980 00:48:44,960 --> 00:48:49,000 [Christopher] The CIA had a conscious, deliberate campaign 981 00:48:49,040 --> 00:48:52,080 that was based in their general council's office... 982 00:48:52,320 --> 00:48:53,600 to obstruct 983 00:48:53,600 --> 00:48:55,480 the release of these records 984 00:48:55,480 --> 00:48:57,520 to the maximum extent possible. 985 00:48:58,360 --> 00:49:02,880 And most particularly to obstruct the release of records that dealt with... 986 00:49:03,440 --> 00:49:07,040 uh, relationships between informants and agents... 987 00:49:07,360 --> 00:49:08,440 and the CIA. 988 00:49:08,480 --> 00:49:10,800 Which was the exact point of this, okay? 989 00:49:12,000 --> 00:49:14,560 [narrator] Christopher Simpson was a member of the commission... 990 00:49:14,600 --> 00:49:16,400 that negotiated with the CIA... 991 00:49:16,680 --> 00:49:18,920 over the release of the Nazi files. 992 00:49:22,440 --> 00:49:23,760 His experiences... 993 00:49:24,000 --> 00:49:25,200 are sobering. 994 00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:28,440 [Christopher] In one of the most important categories that fits... 995 00:49:28,720 --> 00:49:30,040 into that description... 996 00:49:30,400 --> 00:49:32,720 is what's called foreign government information. 997 00:49:33,120 --> 00:49:36,440 And that's information in which they have obtained... 998 00:49:36,880 --> 00:49:38,080 either legally... 999 00:49:38,560 --> 00:49:39,720 or illegally... 1000 00:49:40,120 --> 00:49:41,920 from a separate government... 1001 00:49:42,160 --> 00:49:44,240 about that government's affairs. 1002 00:49:45,040 --> 00:49:46,200 This is why... 1003 00:49:46,560 --> 00:49:48,120 uh... the... 1004 00:49:48,160 --> 00:49:51,520 and you'll see this... in a Skorzeny file, 1005 00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:52,960 you'll see it in the Dickopf file, 1006 00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:54,600 you'll see it in the Klaus Barbie file... 1007 00:49:54,760 --> 00:49:55,920 that to this day... 1008 00:49:55,960 --> 00:49:57,360 um... 1009 00:49:58,280 --> 00:50:00,640 most people aren't familiar with this reality 1010 00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:02,080 but there are nevertheless 1011 00:50:02,120 --> 00:50:04,000 continued to be withheld records... 1012 00:50:04,240 --> 00:50:05,400 in those files. 1013 00:50:06,960 --> 00:50:10,160 [narrator] This policy prevents historians and journalists, 1014 00:50:10,200 --> 00:50:11,680 from getting to the bottom 1015 00:50:11,880 --> 00:50:14,440 of important espionage operations. 1016 00:50:21,040 --> 00:50:23,040 The CIA is a global service 1017 00:50:23,080 --> 00:50:24,320 with a huge budget 1018 00:50:24,360 --> 00:50:26,360 and incredible possibilities. 1019 00:50:26,560 --> 00:50:28,040 Because it also benefits 1020 00:50:28,040 --> 00:50:29,320 from the drugs trade. 1021 00:50:29,720 --> 00:50:33,000 And it exerts influence in all kinds of countries. 1022 00:50:34,520 --> 00:50:36,920 All over Europe, it influences politics, 1023 00:50:37,120 --> 00:50:38,680 the perception of the enemy... 1024 00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:40,320 public opinion. 1025 00:50:40,360 --> 00:50:42,560 It engages in psychological warfare. 1026 00:50:43,360 --> 00:50:45,640 So, if I have an organization 1027 00:50:45,920 --> 00:50:48,080 like the CIA, at my disposal... 1028 00:50:48,360 --> 00:50:52,520 I can push a democracy in the way the Italian democracy was pushed. 1029 00:50:53,160 --> 00:50:57,280 And in the way that certain political processes might have been influenced. 1030 00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:03,680 An intelligence service, is not the boy scouts. 1031 00:51:06,400 --> 00:51:08,400 [narrator] Many intelligence service activities 1032 00:51:08,400 --> 00:51:12,760 from the Cold War era has still not been opened to public scrutiny. 1033 00:51:13,960 --> 00:51:16,160 This includes the operations... 1034 00:51:16,360 --> 00:51:18,800 which turned war criminals and fascists... 1035 00:51:19,160 --> 00:51:20,640 into collaborators. 1036 00:51:23,440 --> 00:51:25,440 [ending music]