>>> IT'S RARE FOR A MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TO BECOME WELL-KNOWN NATIONALLY, ESPECIALLY SOMEONE IN ONLY THEIR
SECOND TERM. BUT MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE, MTG, IS AS FAMOUS AS THEY GET. SHE'S GAINED HER NATIONAL
CELEBRITY, SOME SAY NOTORIETY, WITH A SHARP TONGUE AND SOME PRETTY RADICAL VIEWS LIKE HER PROPOSAL FOR A NATIONAL DIVORCE
WHERE RED AND BLUE STATES WOULD GO THEIR SEPARATE WAYS. BUT SHE HAS MANAGED IN JUST TWO YEARS IN CONGRESS TO ACCUMULATE
REAL POWER, LANDING ON IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, AND INFLUENCING THE DIRECTION OF REPUBLICAN POLICIES.
BEFORE CONGRESS, SHE HELPED RUN THE FAMILY CONSTRUCTION COMPANY IN GEORGIA, KNOWN TO BE SMART AND FEARLESS, AND HAS A HISTORY
OF BELIEVING IN CONSPIRACY THEORIES. WE INTERVIEWED HER EARLIER THIS WEEK BEFORE FORMER PRESIDENT
TRUMP WAS INDICTED. >> WE LOOKED UP SOME WORDS THAT HAVE BEEN SAID ABOUT YOU. >> OKAY.
>> CRAZY, Q-CLOWN, LOONEY TUNE, UNHINGED, MORON. PRETTY UGLY STUFF. >> LOOKS LIKE THE AVERAGE TROLL
IN MY TWITTER FEED SO I DON'T REALLY CARE. >> YOU'RE USED TO IT? >> I DON'T LET NAME CALLING
BOTHER ME OR OFFEND ME. I JUST DON'T. >> HOW MUCH YOU HAVE STYLED YOURSELF AFTER DONALD TRUMP?
>> HMM. >> PEOPLE SAY THAT YOU ARE TRUMP IN HIGH-HEELS. >> I DIDN'T INTENTIONALLY STYLE
MYSELF AFTER PRESIDENT TRUMP, BUT I CAN SEE HOW PEOPLE DRAW THOSE SIMILARITIES. WE BOTH CAME FROM THE SAME
INDUSTRY, CONSTRUCTION. I ALSO HAVE PRETTY MUCH A PLAIN-SPEAKING STYLE AND SO DOES HE.
>> BUT ALSO HE'S OFTEN IN ATTACK MODE AND YOU APPEAR TO BE. >> YEAH. I THINK, BUT I THINK OUR
GOVERNMENT DESERVES IT, THEY DON'T REALLY DESERVE TO BE RESPECTED THAT MUCH. >> INCLUDING FOR HER, THE
PRESIDENT. WHILE MANY CONSIDER MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE'S BEHAVIOR OUTLANDISH, EVEN THUGGISH, MAGA
ACTIVISTS AND RIGHT-WING MEDIA EAT IT UP. >> BLESS YOU GUYS AND KEEP UP THE GOOD WORK.
>> THANK YOU. >> IN JUST TWO YEARS, GREENE AT AGE 48 HAS MOVED FROM THE FRINGE OF THE PARTY TO THE FRONT ROW.
>> THE HOUSE WILL BE IN ORDER. >> WITHOUT CHANGING EITHER HER STYLE OR HER VIEWS. >> ON AN ISSUE, WHEN I'M
OUTSPOKEN ABOUT IT, AND I TAKE MY STAND OR MY POSITION, THE FIRST REACTION IS MARJORIE'S CRAZY.
MARJORIE'S EXTREME. MARJORIE'S A RIGHT-WING EXTREMIST. AND THEN WHAT WILL HAPPEN IS MY
COLLEAGUES WILL GO BACK HOME TO THEIR DISTRICT AND THEIR OWN CONSTITUENTS ARE COMING UP AND SAYING, ARE YOU SUPPORTING
MRJORIE? DO YOU AGREE WITH MARJORIE? HAVE YOU CO-SPONSORED MARJORIE'S BILL?
AND THEN THEY FIND OUT, OH, MAYBE SHE'S NOT CRAZY. AND THEN THEY END UP AGREEING WITH ME.
>> HI. GOOD MORNING. >> THIS IS FUELLING HER CLOUT IN THE REPUBLICAN PARTY.
AS IS HER RECORD AS A TOP FUND-RAISER AND A CLOSE ADVISER TO KEVIN McCARTHY. AFTER MTG HELPED HIM WIN THE
SPEAKERSHIP, HE REWARDED HER WITH POSITIONS ON TWO POWERFUL COMMITTEES, HOUSE OVERSIGHT, THAT'S INVESTIGATING THE BIDEN
FAMILY BUSINESS DEALINGS, AND HOMELAND SECURITY. NOW, WHAT SHE THINKS ABOUT THE ISSUES MATTERS, LIKE PREVENTING
THE GOVERNMENT FROM GOING INTO DEFAULT BY RAISING THE DEBT CEILING. JANET YELLEN, THE TREASURY
SECRETARY, SAYS THAT IF WE DON'T RAISE THE DEBT CEILING THAT THIS COUNTRY WILL BE THROWN INTO AN ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL
CATASTROPHE. AND SO I'M ASKING YOU IF YOU'RE WILLING TO RISK THAT? >> YOU KNOW WHAT PUT US IN AN
ECONOMIC CATASTROPHE IS, AGAIN, THE PEOPLE THAT HAVE SPENT $31 TRILLION THAT FORCED THIS SITUATION TO HAPPEN.
>> WELL, WAIT A MINUTE. TRUMP IS AS MUCH RESPONSIBLE -- >> I SAID EVERYBODY. >> ALL RIGHT.
>> EVERYBODY. >> ALL RIGHT. >> REPUBLICANS, DEMOCRATS, BEFORE I GOT HERE.
>> OKAY. >> IT WAS ALL BEFORE I GOT HERE. >> WOULD YOU BE WILLING TO VOTE FOR COMPROMISE?
IN OTHER WORDS, RAISE SOME TAXES? >> I DON'T THINK WE HAVE A REVENUE PROBLEM IN WASHINGTON.
WE HAVE A SPENDING PROBLEM. >> YOU KNOW SOMETHING, THAT'S GLIB. THAT'S GLIB.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? THE TWO SIDES HAVE TO COME TOGETHER AND HAMMER IT OUT. >> CUT SPENDING.
>> BOTH SIDES. >> BOTH SIDES NEED TO CUT SPENDING. >> WHERE DO YOU WANT TO CUT IT?
>> COVID BAILOUT MONEY AND A LOT OF GREEN ENERGY SPENDING. >> BUT ARE YOU WILLING TO LET US GO INTO DEFAULT?
>> NO. I'VE ALWAYS SAID I WOULDN'T DO THAT. >> SO WOULD YOU COMPROMISE?
>> IT DEPENDS. >> ON TAXES? >> NO, I'M NOT RAISING TAXES. >> GREENE COMPLAINS THAT THE
NEWS MEDIA HARP ON THINGS SHE DID IN THE PAST LIKE AS IN THIS VIDEO CHASING AFTER A SURVIVOR OF THE PARKLAND FLORIDA SCHOOL
SHOOTING. >> IF SCHOOL ZONES WERE PROTECTED BY SECURITY GUARDS WITH GUNS, THERE WOULD BE NO
MASS SHOOTINGS AT SCHOOLS. >> AND THINGS SHE SAYS THAT ARE OVER THE TOP LIKE -- >> THE DEMOCRATS ARE A PARTY OF
PEDOPHILES. >> I WOULD DEFINITELY SAY SO. THEY SUPPORT GROOMING CHILDREN. >> THEY ARE NOT PEDOPHILES.
WHY WOULD YOU SAY THAT? >> DEMOCRATS, DEMOCRATS SUPPORT -- EVEN JOE BIDEN, THE PRESIDENT HIMSELF, SUPPORTS
CHILDREN BEING SEXUALIZED AND HAVING TRANSGENDER SURGERIES. SEXUALIZING CHILDREN IS WHAT PEDOPHILES DO TO CHILDREN.
>> WOW, OKAY. BUT MY QUESTION REALLY IS, CAN'T YOU FIGHT FOR WHAT YOU BELIEVE IN WITHOUT ALL THAT NAME CALLING
AND WITHOUT THE PERSONAL ATTACKS? >> WELL, I WOULD ASK THE SAME QUESTION TO THE OTHER SIDE,
BECAUSE ALL THEY'VE DONE IS CALL ME NAMES AND INSULT ME NONSTOP SINCE I'VE BEEN HERE, LESLEY. THEY CALL ME RACIST.
THEY CALL ME ANTI-SEMITIC WHICH IS NOT TRUE. I'M NOT CALLING ANYONE NAMES. I'M CALLING OUT THE TRUTH
BASICALLY. >> PEDOPHILE? >> PEDOPHILE -- CALL IT WHAT IT IS.
>> SHE ALSO STILL CALLS THE 2020 ELECTION STOLEN AS SHE MADE CLEAR IN FEBRUARY. >> I WANT TO TELL YOU, THERE WAS
BLATANT, OUTRIGHT FRAUD IN THE 2020 ELECTION. COMPLETE AND TOTAL FRAUD, AND YOU KNOW IT.
>> I COME HOME AS OFTEN AS I CAN WHEN WE'RE NOT IN SESSION. >> BORN AND RAISED IN GEORGIA, SHE NOW LIVES IN AN UPSCALE
SECTION OF HER HOME DISTRICT IN THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF THE STATE. >> HOW MANY ACRES DO YOU HAVE?
>> I HAVE TEN ACRES. >> HER NET WORTH IS ESTIMATED AT $11 MILLION. BUT SHE SAYS, WHEN SHE WAS A
CHILD, HER PARENTS STRUGGLED FINANCIALLY TRYING TO START THEIR CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. SHE TOLD US THAT HER DAD, AN
ARCH-CONSERVATIVE, LISTENED TO RIGHT-WING TALK RADIO ALL DAY LONG. >> AND NATURALLY, ME BEING WITH
MY PARENTS A LOT, I LISTENED AS WELL. >> YOUR DAD KNEW YOU AS A POLITICIAN.
WHAT DID HE THINK OF YOUR STYLE, YOUR PITBULLNESS? >> HE WAS VERY PROUD OF ME. >> YOUR MOTHER, DID SHE EVER
SAY, MARJORIE, YOU NEED TO TONE IT DOWN? >> YEAH, SHE DID, ACTUALLY. SHE'S A SOUTHERN MOM.
AND SHE BELIEVES IN MANNERS. >> YOU KNOW, YOUR PROBLEM IS, YOU'RE JUST ANOTHER ONE OF THOSE LIARS ON TELEVISION.
AND PEOPLE HATE IT. >> SHE SAYS HER COMBATIVE STYLE CAME LATER IN HER LIFE, AFTER SHE GRADUATED FROM THE
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA. >> THIS IS OUR FAMILY PHOTO. >> AND HAD THREE CHILDREN WITH HER NOW EX-HUSBAND.
SHE WORKED FOR THE FAMILY CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS THAT SHE AND HER THEN-HUSBAND BOUGHT FROM HER DAD AND GREW INTO A
LUCRATIVE ENTERPRISE. >> WHAT ARE YOU UP TO NOW? >> THIS IS 205. >> OH, MY GOD.
>> GREENE DIDN'T DISCOVER HER BRAZEN GUTSINESS, SHE SAYS, UNTIL AFTER 2011 WHEN SHE GOT HOOKED ON CROSS-FIT WORKOUTS.
SHE GOT INTO THE EXTREME EXERCISING WITH A PASSION, ENDING UP IN COMPETITIONS GAIN ING SELF-CONFIDENCE.
SHE OPENED UP A GYM WITH A BUSINESS PARTNER, BUT AT AGE 43, SHE SOLD HER STAKE AND TURNED TO POLITICS IN 2019.
>> WHAT MADE ME RUN FOR CONGRESS WHEN I SAW THE REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS, THE HOUSE AND THE SENATE, COMPLETELY FAIL TO
DELIVER THE AGENDA THAT WE HAD ALL VOTED FOR, THE REASONS WHY WE VOTED FOR DONALD TRUMP. IT WAS THE --
>> REPUBLICANS? >> YEP. >> NOT JOE BIDEN, NOT NANCY PELOSI, BUT THE TRADITIONAL
REPUBLICANS WHO, SHE SAYS, FAILED TO REIN IN FEDERAL SPENDING, REPEAL OBAMACARE, AND FUND PRESIDENT TRUMP'S BORDER
WALL WHEN REPUBLICANS CONTROLLED BOTH CHAMBERS OF CONGRESS. >> THEY FAILED US. >> LIKE WHO?
>> PAUL RYAN, MITCH McCONNELL, LINDSEY GRAHAM. THOSE -- YEAH, THOSE TYPES OF -- MITT ROMNEY, I'M NOT EVEN SURE
WHY HE CALLS HIMSELF A REPUBLICAN. >> WHY DON'T YOU BLAME DONALD TRUMP?
>> WELL, I BLAME -- I BLAME ALL OF THEM FOR A LOT OF THINGS. >> BUT NOT HIM? >> WELL, THE PRESIDENT DOESN'T
CONTROL EVERYTHING. >> HEY, HOW ARE YOU YA? >> MOST OF HER CONSTITUENTS IN HER CONSERVATIVE, LARGELY WHITE,
WORKING-CLASS DISTRICT AGREE WITH HER ON THE ISSUES, AND ESPECIALLY LIKE THE WAY SHE FIGHTS FOR HER BELIEFS.
>> I AM A NEW YORK TRANSPLANT TO GEORGIA, AND I JUST LOVE YOU. >> WELL, WELCOME TO FREEDOM. NICE TO MEET YOU.
>> SHORTLY AFTER SHE ARRIVED IN WASHINGTON, THE DEMOCRATIC-LED HOUSE OUSTED HER FROM HER COMMITTEES BECAUSE OF HER PAST
ENDORSEMENT OF VIOLENCE AGAINST SOME DEMOCRATIC LEADERS AND HER HISTORY OF EMBRACING QANON THAT SHE EXPLAINED IN A SPEECH ON THE
HOUSE FLOOR. >> I STUMBLED ACROSS SOMETHING, AND THIS WAS THE END OF 2017 CALLED QANON.
I WAS ALLOWED TO BELIEVE THINGS THAT WEREN'T TRUE, AND THAT IS ABSOLUTELY WHAT I REGRET. >> WHY?
>> WELL, I APOLOGIZED TO MY I THINK APOLOGIES ARE IMPORTANT. >> OKAY. DID YOU EVER APOLOGIZE TO NANCY
PELOSI ABOUT THE BULLET TO HER HEAD? >> I DIDN'T SAY THAT SO I DON'T NEED TO APOLOGIZE FOR WORDS THAT
WEREN'T MINE. >> WELL, DIDN'T YOU LIKE IT? >> OTHER PEOPLE ALSO RAN MY SOCIAL MEDIA.
I DON'T THINK I DID THAT. >> ARE YOU SAYING THAT YOU DON'T STAND BY WHAT'S ON YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA?
>> WELL, OF COURSE I STAND FOR WHAT'S ON MY SOCIAL MEDIA. BUT AT TIMES NOT -- YOU'RE NOT ALWAYS IN CONTROL.
WE HAVE ALL KINDS OF PEOPLE THAT WORK ON OUR SOCIAL MEDIA. >> DID YOU APOLOGIZE FOR YOUR POSITION ON PARKLAND, FLORIDA?
>> WHAT WAS MY POSITION ON PARKLAND, FLORIDA? >> THAT IT WAS A FALSE FLAG. >> I DON'T KNOW IF YOU ACTUALLY
HAVE MY -- NO, I NEVER SAID PARKLAND WAS A FALSE FLAG. NO, I NEVER SAID THAT. SCHOOL SHOOTINGS ARE HORRIBLE.
I DON'T THINK IT'S ANYTHING TO JOKE ABOUT. >> WE FACT-CHECKED BEFORE I GOT TO THIS INTERVIEW.
>> HAVE YOU FACT-CHECKED ALL MIGHT HAVE STATEMENTS FROM KINDERGARTEN THROUGH 12th GRADE? AND IN COLLEGE?
AND AS I'VE PAID MY TAXES AND NEVER BROKEN A LAW. AND THE ONLY -- I GOT A FEW SPEEDING TICKETS, DO WE NEED TO
TALK ABOUT THOSE, TOO? BECAUSE I THINK WHAT YOU'RE GOING DOWN ARE THE SAME ATTACKS THAT PEOPLE HAVE ATTACKED ME
WITH OVER AND OVER AND OVER. >> WELL, IF THIS IS WHAT YOU'RE KNOWN FOR, I THINK IT'S GOOD THAT YOU'RE RESPONDING TO THE
CHARGES, I THINK -- >> I THINK BEING -- BECAUSE PEOPLE -- >> I THINK IT'S LEGITIMATE FOR
US TO DO. >> CONSTANTLY FOCUS ON IT, BUT NEVER FOCUS ON ANYTHING GOOD ABOUT ME.
>> LET ME BUTTON THIS UP, AND WE'LL MOVE ON. YOU WANT TO BRING THE REPUBLICAN PARTY CLOSER TO YOUR VIEWS.
YOU WANT TO BRING THE COUNTRY CLOSER TO YOUR VIEWS, YOU'VE SAID THAT. >> UH-HUH.
>> OKAY. HERE ARE SOME OF THE THINGS YOU'VE SAID, THAT AMERICA SHOULD HAVE A CHRISTIAN GOVERNMENT,
THAT ABORTION SHOULD BE BANNED NATIONALLY. THAT YOU WANT TO DEFUND THE FBI. YES?
YOU WANT IMMIGRATION TO STOP FOR FOUR YEARS. YOU'VE SAID THOSE THINGS, CORRECT?
>> YEAH, THESE ARE -- THESE ARE SOME OF MY VIEWS. >> THE CONSTITUTION, THE VERY FIRST AMENDMENT, PROHIBITS
HAVING A RELIGION IN THE GOVERNMENT. >> YET, THE FOUNDING FATHERS QUOTED THE BIBLE CONSTANTLY AND
WERE DRIVEN BY THEIR FAITH. >> MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE! >> AS A FERVENT SUPPORTER OF THE NOW-INDICTED DONALD TRUMP, SHE
WAS A FEATURED SPEAKER AT HIS RALLY IN WACO LAST WEEKEND. WHILE SHE'S ADORED HERE, THE LATEST NATIONAL POLL HAS HER
APPROVAL RATING AT JUST 29%. >> MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE, YOU HAPPENED TO BE HERE. WOULD YOU LIKE TO RUN FOR THE
SENATE? I WILL FIGHT LIKE HELL FOR YOU, I'LL TELL YA. >> THE QUESTION FOR HER AND THE
COUNTRY IS, CAN SHE EXPAND HER BRASH MTG BRAND BEYOND THE RIGHT RIGHT-WING POPULIST BASE? >> YES.
>>> MARJORIE TAYLOR GREENE ON HER OPPOSITION TO U.S. SUPPORT FOR UKRAINE. >> UKRAINE IS NOT THE 51st.
STATE. AT 60MINUTESOVERTIME.C >>> WHEN HE WAS LESS THAN A YEAR OLD, ALEJANDRO MAYORKAS AND HIS
FAMILY CAME TO THE UNITED STATES AS REFUGEES, FLEEING FIDEL CASTRO'S REGIME IN CUBA. TODAY, HE IS THE FIRST IMMIGRANT
TO HEAD THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY. HIS PORTFOLIO INCLUDES EVERYTHING FROM COUNTERTERRORISM
AND CYBER SECURITY TO OVERSEEING THE COAST GUARD AND SECRET SERVICE. BUT IT'S WHAT HE'S DONE, OR NOT
DONE, ABOUT THE LARGE NUMBER OF MIGRANTS CROSSING THE U.S. BORDER WITH MEXICO THAT'S PROMPTED PROTESTS BY MIGRANT
ADVOCATES AND FIERY ATTACKS BY REPUBLICANS WHO WANT TO IMPEACH HIM. TONIGHT, YOU WILL HEAR FROM
SECRETARY MAYORKAS ABOUT THE EFFORTS TO PUSH HIM OUT OF OFFICE AND WHY HE REFUSES TO CALL THE SITUATION ON THE
SOUTHERN BORDER A CRISIS. >>> EARLY MORNING IS OFTEN THE BUSIEST TIME FOR ILLEGAL CROSSINGS ALONG THE U.S./MEXICO
BORDER. THE DAY WE WENT OUT WITH THE U.S. BORDER PATROL NEAR EL PASO, TEXAS, WAS NO EXCEPTION.
>> THEY'RE HEADING TOWARDS THE CAROUSEL. >> BEFORE MING THE CABINET SECRETARY IN CHARGE OF SECURING
THE BORDERS, WE GOT A VIEW FROM THE FIELD. THE BORDER PATROL REPORTED OVER TWO MILLION APPREHENSIONS IN THE
PAST YEAR, A RECORD HIGH. SOME MIGRANTS SURRENDERED THEMSELVES TO BORDER AGENTS, WITH THE INTENTION OF SEEKING
ASYLUM. BUT THE DHS ESTIMATES ANOTHER 600,000 PEOPLE EVADED AGENTS AND ENTERED THE U.S. ILLEGALLY.
THE HIGHEST NUMBER IN OVER A DECADE. WHICH IS WHY SECRETARY MAYORKAS' TESTIMONY BEFORE CONGRESS LAST
FALL RAISED A FEW EYEBROWS. >> SECRETARY MAYORKAS, DO YOU CONTINUE TO MAINTAIN THAT THE BORDER IS SECURE?
>> YES, AND WE ARE WORKING DAY IN AND DAY OUT TO ENHANCE ITS SECURITY, CONGRESSMAN. >> WHAT THE AMERICAN PEOPLE SEE
IS A BORDER THAT LOOKS TO BE CHAOTIC, THAT LOOKS TO BE POROUS. >> WELL, LET'S -- I MEAN, THE
NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT ARE ARRIVING AT OUR BORDER IS AT AN EXTRAORDINARY HEIGHT. THERE'S NO QUESTION ABOUT THAT.
BUT THAT IS NOT UNIQUE TO THE SOUTHERN BORDER OF THE UNITED STATES. THERE IS A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF
MOVEMENT THROUGHOUT THE HEMISPHERE AND IN FACT THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. >> THE CHIEF OF THE BORDER
PATROL, RAUL ORTIZ, TESTIFIED BEFORE CONGRESS THAT SOME AREAS OF THE BORDER ARE IN A CRISIS SITUATION.
DO YOU AGREE? >> I THINK THAT WE FACE A VERY SERIOUS CHALLENGE IN CERTAIN PARTS OF THE BORDER.
>> DO YOU VIEW WHAT'S HAPPENING RIGHT NOW ON THE BORDER AS A CRISIS? >> I VIEW IT AS A SIGNIFICANT
CHALLENGE. >> WHY WON'T YOU SAY THE WORD "CRISIS "? >> YOU KNOW WHAT, BECAUSE I HAVE
TREMENDOUS FAITH IN THE PEOPLE, OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, AND A CRISIS SPEAKS TO ME OF A WITHDRAWAL FROM OUR
MISSION. AND WE ONLY ARE ONLY PUTTING MORE FORCE AND MORE ENERGY INTO IT.
>> GOOD MORNING, SECRETARY MAYORKAS. >> A LOT OF FORCE AND ENERGY IS NOW BEING DIRECTED AT SECRETARY
MAYORKAS ON CAPITOL HILL. >> WHEN YOU OPEN UP THE BORDER TO THE WORST ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION IN OUR NATION'S HISTORY, PEOPLE
DIE. >> THIS PAST WEEK, REPUBLICANS TOOK AIM AT THE SECRETARY, BLAMING HIM PERSONALLY FOR THE
DRUG DEATHS OF AMERICANS, THE RAPE OF MIGRANT CHILDREN AND MORE. >> HOW MANY MURDERERS HAVE YOU
RELEASED INTO AMERICA? >> SENATOR, I'M NOT AWARE OF ANY MURDERER WHOM WE -- >> SO YOU DON'T KNOW?
>> SENATOR, LET ME SAY SOMETHING -- >> DO YOU KNOW? >> IF YOU TAKE A LOOK --
>> NO, NO, YOU DON'T GET TO GIVE A SPEECH. >> CONGRESS SEEMS TO BE MORE INTERESTED IN IMPEACHING YOU
THAN PASSING IMMIGRATION REFORM. ONE MEMBER OF CONGRESS SAID HE'D LIKE TO ARREST YOU FOR NEGLIGENT HOMICIDE FOR THE DEATHS OF YOUNG
PEOPLE FROM FENTANYL, ANOTHER COMPARED YOU TO BENEDICT ARNOLD. >> I DISREGARD THAT TYPE OF RHETORIC.
I'M FOCUSED ON THE MISSION. >> DO YOU THINK THEY'RE JUST TRYING TO GET YOU TO RESIGN? >> I'M NOT GOING TO RESIGN.
I LOVE PUBLIC SERVICE. I THINK IT'S AN INCREDIBLE HONOR TO BE PART OF IT. >> HOW OFTEN DO YOU AND
PRESIDENT BIDEN DISCUSS THE SITUATION AT THE BORDER? THERE'S A PERCEPTION THAT THE PRESIDENT DOESN'T WANT TO TALK
ABOUT THE BORDER. >> THAT'S A FALSE IMPRESSION, THAT I CONSIDER TO BE ALSO POLITICAL RHETORIC.
I WAS WITH THE PRESIDENT WHEN HE VISITED THE BORDER. I'VE SPOKEN MULTIPLE TIMES WITH THE PRESIDENT.
I, OF COURSE, SPEAK WITH THE WHITE HOUSE TEAM ON A REGULAR BASIS AND WITH MY COLLEAGUES IN THE CABINET.
>> THE PROBLEMS AT THE BORDER DIDN'T START WITH THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION AND LIKELY WON'T END WITH IT.
CONGRESS HASN'T PASSED MAJOR IMMIGRATION REFORM IN NEARLY THREE DECADES. SECRETARY MAYORKAS IS ASKING
CONGRESS FOR ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ON THE SOUTHERN BORDER. >> THIS IS THE FIRST YEAR SINCE
2011 THAT WE HAVE ADDED TO THE BORDER PATROL 300 MORE AGENTS. THE FISCAL YEAR 2024 BUDGET CALLS FOR 350 MORE BORDER PATROL
AGENTS, MORE THAN $100 MILLION IN TECHNOLOGICAL INVESTMENTS. >> IS THERE ANYTHING THAT'S OFF THE TABLE THAT YOU WON'T DO TO
SECURE THE BORDER? CIRCUMSTANCES WELL, THE PRESIDENT, AS I THINK YOU KNOW VERY WELL, HAS SAID THAT WE ARE
NOT GOING CONSTRUCT ANY MORE WALL THAT COST BILLIONS AND BILLIONS OF DOLLARS, THAT IS IMMOVABLE AND THAT IS ALREADY
BEGINNING TO CORRODE. >> SECRETARY MAYORKAS JOINED THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION WITH A RESUME SEEMINGLY WELL-SUITED FOR
THE JOB. HE'D BEEN THE TOP FEDERAL PROSECUTOR IN LOS ANGELES AND DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF HOMELAND
SECURITY UNDER PRESIDENT OBAMA. HE WAS ALSO A REFUGEE WHOSE ROMANIAN MOTHER AND CUBAN FATHER FLED CUBA WHEN HE WAS AN INFANT.
>> I UNDERSTAND DEEPLY THE YEARNING OF PARENTS TO GIVE THEIR CHILDREN OPPORTUNITIES THAT AMERICA OFFERS.
WE ARE A NATION OF LAWS. IF PEOPLE QUALIFY UNDER THE LAW, THEN WE EMBRACE THEM. IF THEY DON'T, THEN WE RETURN
THEM. >> THE FIRST WEEKS IN OFFICE, THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION HALTED DEPORTATIONS FOR 100 DAYS,
STOPPED ALL BORDER WALL CONSTRUCTION AND SUSPENDED THE REMAIN IN MEXICO POLICY. CRITICS SAY IT ALL ADDED UP TO
PUTTING A "COME IN, WE'RE OPEN" SIGN ON THE DOOR. >> I DON'T THINK THAT THE MORE THAN MILLION PEOPLE LAST YEAR
THAT WE REMOVED OR EXPELLED WOULD CONSIDER THE BORDER OPEN. >> BUT THE MESSAGING -- WAS THE MESSAGING WRONG THERE
THAT, YOU KNOW, WE'RE OPEN? >> THAT WASN'T OUR MESSAGING BUT THAT WAS THE -- >> BUT THAT'S WHAT -- THE
MIGRANTS WERE GETTING. >> BECAUSE REMEMBER SOMETHING, THAT WE ARE NOT THE ONLY SOURCE OF MESSAGES THAT THE MIGRANTS
RECEIVE. WE HAVE SMUGGLING ORGANIZATIONS THAT EXPLOIT THE MIGRANTS AND THOSE SMUGGLING ORGANIZATIONS
ENGAGE IN MIS AND DISINFORMATION. >> IN DECEMBER, ACCORDING TO BORDER PATROL FIGURES, AN
AVERAGE OF 1800 MIGRANTS A DAY CROSSED THE BORDER INTO EL PASO AREA, OVERWHELMING THE CITY. TO MANAGE THE INCREASING FLOW OF
MIGRANTS FROM CRISIS-STRICKEN NICARAGUA, HAITI AND CUBA, PRESIDENT BIDEN EXPANDED THE USE OF A PUBLIC HEALTH LAW KNOWN AS
TITLE 42, INVOKED DURING THE PANDEMIC, TO EXPEL MIGRANTS TO MEXICO. >> MEXICO HAS AGREED TO ALLOW UP
TO THE RETURN OF 30,000 PERSONS PER MONTH. >> AT THE SAME TIME, THE ADMINISTRATION UNVEILED NEW
PATHWAYS FOR MIGRANTS TO ENTER THE U.S. LEGALLY. ALL THE PEOPLE IN THIS LINE AT A BORDER CROSSING IN EL PASO
SCHEDULED AN APPOINTMENT WITH U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION BY USING A MOBILE APP CALLED CBP-1.
CARLA DELGADO FROM VENEZUELA TOLD US HER FAMILY HAD CROSSED THE DARIEN GAP, A DANGEROUS STRETCH OF JUNGLE STRADDLING
PANAMA AND COLOMBIA, TO GET HERE. AFTER A SERIES OF BACKGROUND CHECKS AND SCREENINGS, THEY WERE
GRANTED PERMISSION TO TEMPORARILY ENTER THE UNITED STATES. BY EARLY AFTERNOON, THEY ENJOYED
THEIR FIRST SLICE OF PIZZA IN AMERICA. THEY HAVE FRIENDS IN CHICAGO AND TOLD US THEY PLAN TO BUILD A NEW
LIFE THERE AND APPLY FOR ASYLUM IN THE U.S. >> THERE'S A BACKLOG IN THE IMMIGRATION SYSTEM.
WE KNOW ONLY YEARS FROM NOW WILL A JUDGE FIGURE OUT WHETHER THEY ACTUALLY QUALIFY FOR ASYLUM IN THE U.S.
HOW IS THAT ARRANGEMENT GOOD FOR THEM? HOW IS THAT ARRANGEMENT GOOD FOR THE COUNTRY?
>> I WOULD ASK THEM AFTER THEY ENJOYED THEIR FIRST PIZZA HOW DO THEY FEEL AS COMPARED TO WHAT THEY FLED?
YOU MENTIONED THAT THEIR ASYLUM CLAIM MAY NOT BE ADJUDICATED, MAY NOT BE JUDGED FOR YEARS. OUR ASYLUM SYSTEM IS BROKEN.
WE NEED CONGRESS TO FIX IT. >> THE NEW POLICIES HAVE REDUCED THE NUMBER OF MIGRANTS CROSSING INTO THE U.S. IN JANUARY AND
FEBRUARY. BUT CREATED A BOTTLENECK ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE BORDER. IN JUAREZ, MEXICO, MONDAY NIGHT,
A FIRE AT A MIGRANT DETENTION CENTER KILLED AT LEAST 38 MEN FROM CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA. DAYS EARLIER, AT THIS WOMEN'S
SHELTER, WE MET FAMILIES WHO HAD BEEN STUCK IN JUAREZ FOR MONTHS. EVERY MORNING AT 9:00 A.M., WOMEN FRANTICALLY TRY TO REFRESH
THE GOVERNMENT APP HOPING TO GET AN APPOINTMENT TO ENTER THE U.S. WE WATCHED WITH KARINA BRECEDA WHO RUNS THE SHELTER.
BY 9:05, ALL THE APPOINTMENTS AND HOPE WERE GONE. >> IT'S LOTTERY WITH PEOPLE'S LIVES WITH PEOPLE'S FAMILIES,
WITH PEOPLE'S LIVELIHOODS. WITH PEOPLE'S WELL-BEING. >> THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION SAYS THIS IS MORE HUMANE THAN WHAT
WAS GOING ON BEFORE. >> IT IS NOT THE MOST HUMANE PROCESS BECAUSE THE MOST VULNERABLE AREN'T GETTING ACCESS
TO IT. >> LIKE GUADALUPE VASQUEZ, SHE TOLD US HER HUSBAND HAD BEEN MURDERED IN SOUTHWEST MEXICO AND
ONE OF HER SONS HAD BEEN SHOT IN THE EYE AND NEEDED BULLET FRAGMENTS REMOVED. SHE SAID SHE'S BEEN TRYING FOR
TWO MONTHS TO GET AN APPOINTMENT TO LEGALLY ENTER THE U.S. "I'M WILLING TO WAIT TO GET AN APPOINTMENT, EVEN IF IT TAKES
LONG," SHE TOLD US, "BUT I'M GOING MAKE IT." >> IF YOU'RE NOT ABLE TO GET AN APPOINTMENT ON THE APP, WHAT'S
YOUR PLAN? "I'LL TRY TO CROSS WITH A SMUGGLER, AND I'LL CROSS WITH MY CHILDREN."
WE SAW MORE DESPERATION OUTSIDE A NEARBY CATHEDRAL. CRISTINA CORONADO RUNS A FOOD PROGRAM THERE.
JUAREZ IS IN A MOMENT OF CRISIS, SHE TOLD US. MORE THAN 10,000 MIGRANTS ARE NOW IN THE CITY AND MOST OF THEM
ARE SLEEPING IN THE STREETS. AS PEOPLE WAIT HERE, ARE THEY GETTING FRUSTRATED? "VERY FRUSTRATED, VERY ANGRY,
VERY CONFUSED." THESE MEN TOLD US THEY'D BEEN TRYING IN VAIN FOR WEEKS TO GET AN APPOINTMENT ON THE CBP-1 APP.
>> OH, YEAH, AND IT GETS STUCK, RIGHT? >> ALL PEOPLE SEE ONE OPPORTUNITY AT 9:00.
NO MORE. FIVE MINUTES NO MORE. TRY AGAIN THE NEXT DAY. >> YOU HAVE TO WAIT FOR
TOMORROW? >> TOMORROW, TOMORROW. >> WE WERE IN JUAREZ AND WE'RE SURROUNDED BY A GROUP OF
MIGRANTS. EVERYBODY'S HOLDING UP THE APP, POINTING TO IT SAYING, IT'S NOT WORKING.
IT'S NOT WORKING. AND THERE'S FRUSTRATION. AND THE NUMBERS ARE GROWING. >> I WILL NOT REPRESENT TO YOU,
SHARYN, THAT IT IS FLAWLESS. BUT REMEMBER SOMETHING, THAT TO BUILD A SAFE AND ORDERLY WAY AND WE ARE CONTINUING TO BUILD THAT.
REMEMBER WHERE WE WERE TWO YEARS AGO. >> THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION HAS REUNITED MORE THAN 600 CHILDREN
THAT WERE SEPARATED FROM THEIR FAMILIES AT THE BORDER DURING THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION, BUT NOW THE SECRETARY IS FACING WHAT
COULD BE ANOTHER DEFINING MOMENT FOR THE COUNTRY. ON MAY 11th, TITLE 42, THE PANDEMIC-ERA PUBLIC HEALTH
ORDER WILL EXPIRE. THAT MEANS WITHOUT SOME NEW ARRANGEMENT, THE ONLY ILLEGAL BORDER CROSSERS THE U.S. COULD
EXPEL TO MEXICO WOULD BE MEXICANS. THOUSANDS OF MIGRANTS ARE WAITING AT THE BORDER AND
THOUSANDS MORE ARE ARRIVING EVERY DAY. HAS MEXICO AGREED TO TAKE BACK NONMEXICANS IF TITLE 42 ENDS?
>> SO, WE ARE IN DISCUSSIONS WITH MEXICO, WITH REGARD TO HOW THEY WILL HANDLE ANY INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS
SEEKING TO MIGRATE NORTH. >> IF MEXICO DOESN'T ACCEPT OTHER NATIONALS, THEN WHAT? >> WELL, WE HAVE ALL SORTS OF
CONTINGENCIES. I MEAN, THAT'S WHAT WE DO. >> IT'S GOING TO BE COMPLICATED. IT'S GOING TO BE EXPENSIVE.
>> IT IS GOING TO BE COMPLICATED. IT IS GOING TO BE EXPENSIVE. THIS HAS BEEN COMPLICATED,
EXPENSIVE AND CHALLENGING FOR DECADES.
>>> MONTHS BEFORE THE GELDINGADALIR VOLCANO ERUPTED IN 2021, ICELAND'S VOLCANOLOGISTS KNEW IT WAS COMING.
A SUBTERRANEAN SERPENT OF MAGMA WAS COILING THROUGH THE DEPTHS, LOOKING FOR A WAY OUT. AS THE MAGMA STIRRED, IT
TRIGGERED TENS OF THOUSANDS OF EATHQUAKES. WHEN THE VOLCANO FINALLY BLEW, SCIENTISTS SCRAMBLED FOR
EQUIPMENT TO RECORD IT. MANY PREDICTED A NEW SEISMIC ERA FOR THE LAND OF FIRE AND ICE AND LAST AUGUST, THE SAME VOLCANO
EXPLODED AGAIN. NOW SCIENTISTS HAVE REVEALED SOME STARTLING DISCOVERIES FROM THE TWO ERUPTIONS, INCHING US
CLOSER TO THE DAY WHEN ERUPTIONS WILL BE FORECAST AS WE FORECAST RAIN. WE WENT BACK TO ICELAND TO SEE
HOW THE WORK WAS PROGRESSING. DURING THE 2021 ERUPTION, WE SAW CHUNKS OF MOLTEN ROCK THE SIZE OF CARS CARTWHEEL INTO THE AIR.
LAVA BOILED UP THROUGH NINE VENTS AS THE EARTH UNZIPPED, BUT IT WAS NUMBER FIVE, THIS ONE, THAT STOLE THE SHOW.
WE WATCHED IT FROM A HILLTOP. >> LOOK AT THIS! >> WITH SEISMOLOGIST KRISTIN JONSDOTTIR AS WAVES OF LAVA
POURED DOWN THE VALLEY. IN THE END, SCIENTISTS CALCULATED THERE WAS ENOUGH LAVA TO FILL AN OLYMPIC-SIZED
SWIMMING POOL EVERY FOUR SECONDS. WE WANTED TO SEE WHAT IT LOOKED LIKE NOW, SO WE FLEW BACK TO THE
SAME HILL. >> WOW, THIS IS REMARKABLE. >> COMPLETELY CHANGED. >> COMPLETELY CHANGED.
HOW MUCH LAVA IS OUT HERE? >> SO THE MAXIMUM THICKNESS IS ABOUT 100 METERS, AND IT IS THE THICKEST BY THE CRATER.
>> THAT'S A LITTLE MORE THAN 300 FEET DEEP. >> YES. >> THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
LAVA HAD FILLED UP THE VALLEY LIKE A BATHTUB. THE HILLS WHERE ICELANDERS CAME FOR A CLOSER LOOK WERE GONE.
SO WAS ITS TONGUE-TWISTING ICELANDIC NAME. NOW WE HAD TO LEARN A NEW ONE. >> SO THE WHOLE MASS THAT YOU
SEE BEHIND HERE IS CALLED FAGRADALSFJALL. >> FAGRADALSFJALL? >> VERY GOOD.
EXCELLENT. >> THAT MEANS BEAUTIFUL VALLEY MOUNTAIN, A LOT EASIER TO PRONOUNCE.
A NEW NAME FOR A NEW LANDSCAPE. JONSDOTTIR, HEAD OF EARTH SCIENCES AT ICELAND'S METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE, TOLD US
THE 2021 ERUPTIONS WERE HIGHLY UNUSUAL. THE QUAKE STORMS THAT USUALLY REACH A CRESCENDO BEFORE AN
ERUPTION INSTEAD WENT SILENT. THE TREMORS STOPPED. ONLY THEN DID THE VOLCANO EXPLODE.
>> SO THIS WAS SOMETHING WE DIDN'T EXPECT BECAUSE BEFORE MOST ERUPTIONS, WE SEE AN ESCALATION IN THE PROCESS.
SO WE SEE MORE AND BIGGER EARTHQUAKES THE CLOSER WE COME TO AN ERUPTION. >> WHAT DID YOU FIND THIS TIME?
>> EVERYTHING GOT QUIET. AND WE THOUGHT, OKAY, MAYBE THIS IS IT. WE'RE NOT GOING TO SEE AN
ERUPTION THIS TIME, BUT WE WERE WRONG. >> THE MAGMA BOMB LASTED SIX MONTHS.
THEN THIS PAST AUGUST, THE VOLCANO EXPLODED AGAIN. THIS TIME SCIENTISTS WEREN'T FOOLED.
WHEN THE EARTHQUAKES STOPPED, THEY RAN TESTS THAT SHOWED THE VOLCANO WASN'T SLEEPING. ROCKS WERE STILL MOVING, GAS
ESCAPING. SCIENTISTS CALLED AN AUDIBLE AND WARNED THE VOLCANO WOULD LIKELY BLOW WITHIN 24 HOURS.
THEY WERE RIGHT. TODAY, THE CRATER IS STILL COOLING. IT'S QUIET FOR NOW.
>> LOOK AT THAT. >> WOW. >> YOU REMEMBER WHEN WE FLEW AROUND THE PLUME, THE FOUNTAIN?
>> I REMEMBER. I DIDN'T FEEL AS SAFE AT THAT POINT. >> IN 2021, WE HAD TO VEER AWAY
FROM THE CRATER. IT WAS TOO DANGEROUS TO GET ANY CLOSER. >> THIS FEELS MUCH SAFER.
>> SO DO YOU THINK THE ERUPTION HERE IS COMPLETELY OVER? >> RIGHT NOW, WE ARE NOT SEEING ANYTHING, BUT WE ALSO KNOW THAT
THIS CAN HAPPEN QUITE QUICKLY. THE WARNING TIME WE HAVE IS NOT NECESSARILY GOING TO BE MANY WEEKS, BUT MAYBE JUST A COUPLE
OF DAYS. >> THE LAVA FIELD IS LIKE A RECORD OF THE ERUPTION, SO WE SET OFF AT THE CRACK OF DAWN.
THAT'S AN HOUR BEFORE NOON, WHEN THE WINTER SUN RISES THIS FAR NORTH. SOON WE RAN OUT OF ROAD.
THEN WE RAN OUT OF STEAM. OUR TRUCKS HAD 42-INCH TIRES, BUT THAT WAS NO MATCH FOR SNOW THAT WAS AS FINE AS SUGAR.
FINALLY, WE ARRIVED TO FIND A VAST SEA OF VOLCANIC ROCK JUST SIX MONTHS OLD. GEOPHYSICIST FREYSTEINN
SIGMUNDSSON FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND GAVE US A TOUR. >> IT IS FREEZING OUT HERE, BUT THIS IS WARM, HUH?
>> YEAH. FEEL IT. THIS IS THE HEAT OF THE LAVA. >> LOOK AT THAT.
FREYSTEINN SIGMUNDSSON TOLD US IF WE DUG JUST 20 FEET BELOW WHERE WE WERE STANDING, WE'D FIND MOLTEN ROCK STILL AT A
SCORCHING 1800 DEGREES. >> THE HEAT IS STILL COMING OUT, AND IT WILL BE FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.
>> BUT EVEN WITH THIS, THE TEMPERATURES HERE, IT'S GOING TO TAKE YEARS FOR THIS TO COOL DOWN?
>> YES, YES, IT WILL. >> IT'S THAT HOT? >> IT IS THAT HOT AND THAT THICK.
>> INCREDIBLE. SIGMUNDSSON TOLD US THESE ERUPTIONS HAD SPEWED OUT THE LARGEST MIX OF LAVAS EVER
RECORDED. THEY COOLED IN DIFFERENT SHAPES. SOME WERE AS SMOOTH AS SIDEWALK, GNARLED LIKE ROOTS.
OR STRETCHED TAUT LIKE ROPE. >> YEAH, WE CALL IT LAVA CABLES. I WOULD SAY THIS IS MAYBE ONE OF THE BEST PLACES ON PLANET EARTH
TO SEE THESE LAVA CABLES HERE. >> FREYSTEINN SIGMUNDSSON TOLD US HE NOW WANTS TO FIND OUT IF THEIR MOST RECENT FINDING, A
SEISMIC DECLINE BEFORE AN ERUPTION, MIGHT APPLY TO SIMILAR VOLCANOS IN JAPAN, RUSSIA OR THE UNITED STATES.
IT'S URGENT TO DO SO. HE TOLD US, AS WARMER TEMPERATURES MELT THE GLACIERS THAT SIT LIKE A PRESSURIZED LID
ON MANY OF THE WORLD'S MOST VOLATILE VOLCANOS. >> SO THE RETREATING GLACIERS HAVE AN EFFECT ON THE VOLCANOS?
>> YES. RETREATING GLACIERS CAN INCREASE THE POSSIBILITY OF ERUPTIONS. >> HOW SO?
>> THE GLACIERS, THEY ARE PUSHING DOWN ON THE EARTH. THERE'S A FORCE. SO IF THE GLACIERS ARE MOVING,
IT CHANGES THE FORCE. ALREADY THE RETREAT OF GLACIERS IN ICELAND, THEY ARE CAUSING A LOT MORE OF NEW MAGMA BEING
FORMED UNDER ICELAND THAN NORMALLY. >> WITH THIS NEW MAGMA CAME NEW DISCOVERIES.
IN 2021, ED MARSHALL, A TEXAS-TRAINED GEOPHYSICIST, SHOWED US THE LAVA WALL WHEN IT WAS A MERE 30 FEET HIGH.
WE WATCHED AS HE SCOOPED THE MOLTEN LAVA, FLASH COOLING IT IN WATER. THIS TRIP, WE MET MARSHALL IN
HIS LAB AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND TO SEE WHAT HE HAD FOUND. >> WE HAVE AN INSTRUMENT CALLED
AN ICPOES. >> AND THAT STANDS FOR? >> IT'S AN INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSIONS
SECTROMETER. >> OKAY. THE IMPOSSIBLY NAMED MACHINE IS ABLE TO MEASURE WITH PINPOINT
ACCURACY THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ROCK. BUT MARSHALL WASN'T EXPECTING WHAT THEY FOUND NEXT, CRYSTALS.
SO WHAT DID YOU LEARN FROM THESE? >> WELL, WE LEARNED THAT THEY'RE COMING FROM NINE MILES DEEP
BELOW THE VOLCANO. >> NINE MILES DOWN? >> IT'S ACTUALLY COMING FROM A PART OF THE EARTH THAT WE DON'T
NORMALLY GET TO SAMPLE. THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE CRUST AND MANTLE. >> THE MAGMA HAD COME STRAIGHT
UP LIKE AN EXPRESS ELEVATOR FROM DEEP IN THE MANTLE, OPENING A RARE WINDOW INTO THE EARTH'S DEEP PLUMBING.
GEOPHYSICIST ED MARSHALL SHOWED US SAMPLES OF THE DIFFERENT LAVAS HE'S COLLECTED. >> SO HERE WE HAVE A DIFFERENT
KIND OF LAVA CALLED A PAHOEHOE LAVA. >> IT'S MUCH SMOOTHER? >> YEAH.
>> WHEN THE LAVAS WERE STILL RED HOT, THEY FLOWED AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS, SOME OOZED OUT OF THE VOLCANO, OTHERS EXPLODED.
MOVING AS FAST AS TEN MILES AN HOUR. >> IT'S IMPORTANT TO FIGURE OUT BECAUSE THEY HAVE DIFFERENT
HAZARD POTENTIAL. YOU KNOW, IF YOU'RE WORRIED ABOUT YOUR TOWN BEING COVERED BY LAVA.
>> YOU'RE MORE WORRIED ABOUT THIS ONE? >> EXACTLY. >> LIKE SO MANY OTHER
VOLCANOLOGISTS WHO RUSHED TO THE ERUPTION SITE IN 2021, THIS SELF-DESCRIBED LAB RAT TOLD US HE WAS AWED BY THE SHEER POWER
ON DISPLAY. >> YOU KNOW YOU HAVE WORK TO DO, BUT THERE ARE TIMES WHEN YOU JUST SIT HERE AND STARE AT THE
VOLCANO. IT'S JUST SO MUCH GRANDER THAN YOU. IT'S KIND OF THIS ALMOST DIVINE
KIND OF PRESENCE. >> EVERY VOLCANO, AS WE LEARNED, HAS ITS OWN PERSONALITY. IF FAGRADALSFJALL HAD ELEMENTS
OF THE DIVINE, OTHERS WERE NOT AS BEATIFIC. TAKE GRIMSVOTN, ROUTINELY DESCRIBED AS CRANKY.
OVERDUE FOR AN ERUPTION, GRIMSVOTN IS HIDDEN BENEATH A GLACIER MAKING IT ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO MONITOR.
SO SEISMOLOGIST KRISTIN JONSDOTTIR AND HER EUROPEAN PARTNERS TRIED SOMETHING NEW, BURYING A COIL OF FIBER OPTIC
CABLES IN THE ICE CAP. >> SO THE CABLE WE USED WAS ONLY FOUR MILLIMETERS THICK. AND SO THIN THEY'RE ACTUALLY
THINNER THAN A HUMAN HAIR. YEAH, IT'S A BIT FUNNY, YOU KNOW, IT'S LIKE YOU'RE TRENCHING A VERY 13-KILOMETER LONG HAIR
ALONG A VOLCANO. >> THEY DEVISED A MAKESHIFT TRENCHING SLED TO BURY THE CABLES TO TRY TO PICK UP VOLCANO
TREMORS. IT WORKED. WHERE REGULAR SEISMOMETERS BARELY REGISTERED A PULSE, THE
FIBER OPTIC CABLE SHOWED GRIMSVOTN WAS GRUMBLING IRRITABLY INSIDE ITS ICY TOMB. JONSDOTTIR TOLD US IT COULD BE A
GAME-CHANGER. AND YOU FOUND HOW MANY MORE EARTHQUAKES? >> 100 TIMES MORE.
>> FOUND WITH THIS FIBER? >> YES. >> DID YOU FIND SOMETHING IN THE PATTERN HERE THAT YOU COULD SAY,
AH, IF WE SEE THIS, THIS INDICATES THAT AN ERUPTION IS GOING TO HAPPEN? >> SO, THE POTENTIAL HERE IS
REALLY TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THE VOLCANOS AND PLUMBING SYSTEM YOU KNOW JUST BEING ABLE TO SEE THIS HIGH-DEFINITION PICTURE OF
WHAT WE WERE NOT ABLE TO SEE BEFORE. >> AND THIS IS JUST STANDARD CABLE?
THE CABLE THAT WE USE FOR BRINGING TELEVISION INTO OUR HOMES? >> EXACTLY.
>> BUT ICELAND IS ONE OF THE FEW PLACES IN THE WORLD TO ACTIVELY WATCH ITS VOLCANOS. THE LACK OF MONITORING ELSEWHERE
CAN SOMETIMES SPELL DISASTER, LIKE THE 2018 BANG OUT OF THE BLUE IN INDONESIA THAT KILLED 400 PEOPLE.
CORNELL GEOPHYSICIST MATTHEW PRITCHARD TOLD US THEY'VE GOT TO DO A BETTER JOB. >> SO THERE ARE ABOUT 600 THAT
HAVE ERUPTED IN HISTORIC TIMES, THE LAST 500 YEARS, AND OF THOSE, ONLY ABOUT 35% HAVE CONTINUOUS MONITORING AT THEM.
>> WHAT'S THE PROBLEM? >> WELL, IT'S EXPENSE. IT'S MAINTAINING THESE INSTRUMENTS.
AGAIN, IF ONCE A VOLCANO STOPS ERUPTING, YOU KNOW, SHOULD WE CONTINUE TO MONITOR IT OR IS IT GONE TO SLEEP FOR ANOTHER COUPLE
HUNDRED YEARS? SO IT'S ALL A QUESTION OF PRIORITIES. IT'S A QUESTION OF RESOURCES.
>> BUT PRITCHARD TOLD US THERE'S A SOLUTION ON HAND, SPYING ON VOLCANOS FROM SPACE. HE'S SPEARHEADING AN EFFORT TO
ESTABLISH A SATELLITE NETWORK THAT WILL CONTINUOUSLY MONITOR THE WORLD'S MOST RESTLESS VOLCANOS.
TAKE MAUNA LOA IN HAWAII. THIS PAST NOVEMBER, IT TORE OPEN THE EARTH AFTER 38 YEARS OF SLUMBER.
ON THE GROUND, MAGMA FORCED ITS WAY THROUGH DEEP LAYERS OF ROCK UNTIL IT CRACKED THE EARTH'S SURFACE.
FROM SPACE, IT LOOKED LIKE THIS. >> SO EACH ONE OF THESE CONTOURS HERE MEANS 25 CENTIMETERS OF GROUND MOTION.
SO ON THIS SIDE OF THE RIFT, IT MOVED THIS WAY 25 CENTIMETERS, AND THEN THIS SIDE THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION.
AND SO THIS IS EVIDENCE OF THE MAGMA COMING UP THROUGH THE SYSTEM AND PUSHING THE GROUND TO THE SIDE AS IT WAS COMING OUT TO
ERUPT. >> AND ALL OF THIS CAPTURED BY SATELLITE? >> YES.
>> THE SATELLITE CAN DETECT WHAT LEVEL OF MOVEMENT ON THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH? >> BEST CASE SCENARIO, A FEW
MILLIMETERS. >> A FEW MILLIMETERS? >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> FROM SPACE?
>> THAT'S RIGHT. >> CORNELL'S PRITCHARD TOLD US THE NEW GOLD STANDARD WOULD BE TO COMBINE GROUND SENSORS WITH
SATELLITE IMAGES TO HELP DETECT ERUPTIONS EARLIER. NEXT YEAR, A NEW SATELLITE WILL BE LAUNCHED THAT WILL USE RADAR
WAVES CAPABLE OF PENETRATING DENSE JUNGLE OR SNOW, AND SEEING DEEPER UNDERGROUND THAN EVER BEFORE.
BUT AS TECHNOLOGY TURBO CHARGES THE ABILITY OF VOLCANOLOGISTS TO FORECAST ERUPTIONS, WE WERE REMINDED THAT THE EARTH HAS BEEN
AT THIS FAR LONGER THAN SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN COLLECTING DATA. AND THAT, ONE TOLD US, KEEPS YOU
HUMBLE.
>>> NOW "THE LAST MINUTE" OF "60 MINUTES." >>> ON TUESDAY, FORMER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP IS EXPECTED TO BE
ARRAIGNED ON A MULTIPLE-COUNT INDICTMENT. IT STEMS, IN PART, FROM WHAT NEW YORK PROSECUTORS SAY WAS AN
EFFORT TO COVER UP $130,000 IN PAYMENTS TO PORN ACTRESS STORMY DANIELS. SHE TOLD OUR ANDERSON COOPER SHE
SIGNED AN AGREEMENT WITH TRUMP LAWYER MICHAEL COHEN 11 DAYS BEFORE THE 2016 ELECTION TO BUY HER SILENCE ABOUT A SEXUAL
ENCOUNTER WITH TRUMP. >> WAS IT HUSH MONEY TO STAY SILENT? >> YES.
THE STORY WAS COMING OUT AGAIN. I WAS CONCERNED FOR MY FAMILY AND THEIR SAFETY. >> NOW, DONALD TRUMP HAS BECOME
THE FIRST EX-PRESIDENT IN HISTORY TO FACE CRIMINAL CHARGES. HE INSISTS HE'S DONE NOTHING
WRONG AND CALLS IT ALL A WITCH HUNT. I'M LESLEY STAHL. WE'LL BE BACK NEXT WEEK WITH