1 00:00:04,104 --> 00:00:17,951 ♪ [ TICKING ] >>> WHAT LED UP TO THIS PICTURE OF AN ISRAELI MOTHER AND HER 2 00:00:18,017 --> 00:00:27,494 3-YEAR-OLD BEING REUNITED? AN UNIMAGINABLE 54 DAYS OF BEING HELD HOSTAGE BY HAMAS. >> WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO DO THE 3 00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:35,268 INTERVIEW? >> MY SISTER-IN-LAW CARMEL AND A BUNCH OF OTHER HOSTAGES ARE STILL IN GAZA, AND IF WE CAN DO 4 00:00:35,335 --> 00:00:50,984 ANYTHING TO HELP THAT WE WILL. [ TICKING ] >>> FOR YEARS, "60 MINUTES" HAS BEEN INVESTIGATING THE THEFT, OF 5 00:00:51,050 --> 00:00:58,158 THOUSAND OF GOLD AND RELIGIOUS ARTIFACTS LEAVING EMPTY PEDESTALS WHERE GODS AND DEITIES ONCE STOOD. 6 00:00:58,224 --> 00:01:05,331 WE FOUND SOME OF THEM ON DISPLAY AT THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART. HOW DID THESE LOOTED TREASURES 7 00:01:05,398 --> 00:01:10,203 GET HERE AND WILL THEY EVER BE RETURNED? >> WE ARE ON THE VERGE OF RETURNING A NUMBER OF THEM. 8 00:01:10,270 --> 00:01:18,945 >> ALL OF THEM? >> THAT I CAN'T SAY. >>> I'M LESLIE STAHL. >> I'M BILL WHITAKER. 9 00:01:19,012 --> 00:01:26,152 >> I'M ANDERSON COOPER. >> I'M SHARON ALFONSI. >> I'M JOHN WORTHEIM. >> I'M CECILIA VEGA. 10 00:01:26,219 --> 00:01:41,935 >> I'M SCOTT PELLEY. THOSE STORIES AND MORE TONIGHT ON THIS SPECIAL 90-MINUTE EDITION OF "60 MINUTES." 11 00:01:42,001 --> 00:01:52,145 TRAGEDY AFTER THE NEXT SINCE HAMAS' KILLING AND KIDNAPPING ATTACK OF ISRAELIS TEN WEEKS AGO. 12 00:01:52,212 --> 00:01:58,418 THREE HOSTAGES WERE ACCIDENTALLY KILLED BY ISRAELI FORCES EVEN THOUGH THEY NOW KNOW THEY WERE WAVING A WHITE FLAG. 13 00:01:58,485 --> 00:02:06,993 THIS AS THE ARMY'S POUNDING OF GAZA CONTINUES UNABATED. AS MUCH AS 90% OF THE POPULATION HAS BEEN DISPLACED AND THE DEATH 14 00:02:07,060 --> 00:02:17,837 TOLL KEEPS RISING. ABOUT A HUNDRED ISRAELI HOSTAGES HAVE BEEN RELEASED, MOSTLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN, BUT AS MANY AS 130 15 00:02:17,904 --> 00:02:24,644 REMAIN IN CAPTIVITY, AN OPEN WOUND IN ISRAEL WHERE WE WENT THIS PAST WEEK AND SPOKE TO ONE OF THE HOSTAGES WHO WAS FREED 16 00:02:24,711 --> 00:02:42,028 AFRA ARE AFTER 54 DAYS. YARDEN ROMAN-GAT, SHE AND HER HUSBAND ALON GAT WERE ABDUCTED AT A KIBBUTZ NEAR THE GAZA 17 00:02:42,095 --> 00:02:48,134 BORDER. ALON TOOK US TO THE RUBBLE THAT WAS HIS PARENTS' HOME IN BE'ERI. >> THIS IS THE ENTRANCE. 18 00:02:48,201 --> 00:02:57,877 >> ON OCTOBER 7th, HE, HIS WIFE YARDEN AND THEIR 3-YEAR-OLD DAUGHTER GEFFEN WERE VISITING HIS FOLKS WHEN HAMAS STORMED THE 19 00:02:57,944 --> 00:03:07,453 KIBBUTZ GATE, BROKE INTO THEIR HOME -- DRAGGED OUT HIS MOTHER AND SHOT HER. HIS SISTER CARMEL DISAPPEARED 20 00:03:07,520 --> 00:03:16,129 AND THE HAMAS FIGHTERS SHOVED THE THREE OF THEM INTO A CAR AND TOOK OFF. >> AND THEY ARE TAKING US INTO 21 00:03:16,195 --> 00:03:19,098 GAZA. >> YOU WERE DRIVING ALONG THERE IN THE CAR? >> YEAH. 22 00:03:19,165 --> 00:03:26,973 >> THIS IS THE AREA WHERE THEY DROVE THE CAR TO AND THERE IS A SMALL ARMY POST OVER THERE AND THIS IS THE PLACE WHERE THEY 23 00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:33,613 STOPPED THE CAR BECAUSE THERE WAS A TANK PASSING. THE TERRORISTS WENT OUT OF THE CAR TO HIDE IN THE TREES. 24 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:39,352 >> HE AND YARDEN SEIZED THE MOMENT. >> AND WE JUST JUMPED OFF BOTH SIDES AND STARTED RUNNING. 25 00:03:39,419 --> 00:03:50,263 >> YOU HAD GEFFEN? >> I HAD GEFFEN ON ME. I'M NOT A GOOD RUNNER, AND RUNNING WITH A 12 KILOGRAMS OF 26 00:03:50,330 --> 00:04:00,940 MY BABY, THE BEST ODDS IS THAT ALON WOULD TAKE HER AND HE'S A VERY GOOD RUNNER. I JUST PASSED HER ON. 27 00:04:01,007 --> 00:04:10,116 IT WAS A NO-BRAINER. IT WAS HER BEST CHANCES. >> YOU PASSED YOUR CHILD ALONG TO ALON. 28 00:04:10,183 --> 00:04:15,989 >> YEAH. >> SO I TOOK GEFFEN AND I RUN IN FRONT. WE STARTED TO HEAR THE 29 00:04:16,055 --> 00:04:24,097 TERRORISTS SHOOTING AT US, SO WE ARE HEARING BULLETS WHISTLING NEXT TO US ON MY BOTH SIDES REALLY CLOSE BY. 30 00:04:24,163 --> 00:04:30,937 I'M TALKING ABOUT THAT DISTANCE OF ME. >> AND YOU'RE CARRYING -- >> I'M WITH GEFFEN, AND I FOUND 31 00:04:31,004 --> 00:04:36,576 A SMALL CRACK IN THE GROUND. >> LIKE A SMALL DITCH. >> YES. >> AND I PUT GEFFEN DOWN ON THE 32 00:04:36,643 --> 00:04:43,082 GROUND AND I WAS ON HER LYING THERE WITH GEFFEN TRYING TO KEEP HER QUIET. >> AND ALL THIS TIME YOU STILL 33 00:04:43,149 --> 00:04:47,453 DON'T KNOW WHAT HAD HAPPENED TO YOUR WIFE? >> IT'S SOMETHING THAT I THOUGHT ABOUT. 34 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:54,060 SHOULD I GO WITH GEFFEN AND SEARCH FOR YARDEN? IS YARDEN, IS SHE WOUNDED? IS SHE HURT? 35 00:04:54,127 --> 00:04:59,999 I THOUGHT ABOUT ALL THESE THINGS AND I SAID NO, I HAVE ONE MISSION NOW AND THIS IS TO SAVE GEFFEN. 36 00:05:00,066 --> 00:05:06,506 >> HOW LONG WERE YOU IN THE DITCH? >> FROM 11:30 A.M. TO AROUND 8:00 P.M. 37 00:05:06,572 --> 00:05:13,579 >> NINE HOURS? >> ABOUT, AND GEFFEN WAS AMAZING. SHE DIDN'T CRY ABOUT FOOD OR 38 00:05:13,646 --> 00:05:21,554 WATER ONCE. SHE TOLD ME, DADDY, IT'S A SHAME WE DIDN'T BRING WATER. >> HOURS EARLIER YARDEN, TOO 39 00:05:21,621 --> 00:05:29,696 EXHAUSTED TO KEEP RUNNING FELL TO THE GROUND AS HER CAPTORS CLOSED IN. >> I PLAYED DEAD, BUT HOLDING MY 40 00:05:29,762 --> 00:05:39,839 BREATH WAS NEXT TO IMPOSSIBLE SO THEY SAID NO, SHE'S NOT DEAD. THERE'S NO BLOOD. SO PICK HER UP, AND THEY GRABBED 41 00:05:39,906 --> 00:05:59,225 MY ARMS AND STARTED DRAGGING ME ON THE GROUND BACK TO THE CAR. I WAS IN PAJ PAJAMAAS AND THEY D TO SWIP OFF MY BODY AND IT WAS 42 00:05:59,292 --> 00:06:07,066 ONE OF THE MOST FRIGHTENING MOMENTS BECAUSE MY THOUGHTS WERE EVEN IF THEY DIDN'T HAVE THAT INTENTION, NOW THEY MIGHT HAVE, 43 00:06:07,133 --> 00:06:14,507 AND I'M HALF NAKED SO -- >> YOU'RE WORRIED ABOUT RAPE? >> YEAH. I WAS WORRIED TO GET RAPED. 44 00:06:14,574 --> 00:06:24,083 >> YEAH. OF COURSE. >> FORTUNATELY ENOUGH, THEY DIDN'T DO IT. 45 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:34,227 THE GOAL WAS GET ME INTO GAZA. >> LIKE OTHER HOSTAGES, SHE WAS DRIVEN INTO GAZA THROUGH THICK CROWDS CELEBRATING. 46 00:06:34,293 --> 00:06:46,105 >> MY KIDNAPPERS COULD NOT HELP THEMSELVES, SHOWING ME OFF AS A TROPHY AND SHOWING MY FACE AS AN OBJECT. 47 00:06:46,172 --> 00:06:52,178 I WAS NOT A PERSON. >> THE WINDOWS WERE UP, RIGHT? NO ONE COULD REACH -- >> NO. 48 00:06:52,245 --> 00:06:57,183 THEY WERE NOT UP. THERE WERE A LOT OF PEOPLE AROUND AND AS WE -- >> YELLING AND -- 49 00:06:57,250 --> 00:07:04,824 >> YEAH. PARTYING. >> AFTER SIMILAR GAUNTLETS OF TERROR, MANY OTHER HOSTAGES WERE 50 00:07:04,891 --> 00:07:13,966 TAKEN DOWN INTO THE DARK, AIRLESS TUNNELS. YARDEN WAS NEVER UNDER GROUND. >> AND WHERE DID THEY TAKE YOU? 51 00:07:14,033 --> 00:07:27,914 >> EVENTUALLY WE GOT TO A HOUSE. I WAS ALONE, BUT I WAS NEVER ALONE BECAUSE I HAD MY GUARDIAN -- 52 00:07:27,980 --> 00:07:36,189 >> GUARDS? >> GUARDS WITH ME 24/7 FROM THE SECOND I GOT TO GAZA TO THE SECOND I LEFT. 53 00:07:36,255 --> 00:07:40,626 >> WERE THEY MEN OR WOMEN OR BOTH OR -- >> ONLY MEN. >> ONLY MEN. 54 00:07:40,693 --> 00:07:49,335 >> YOU CANNOT OBJECT TO ANYTHING. IT COULD COST YOU YOUR LIFE. >> SHE WAS GIVEN A HIJAB THAT 55 00:07:49,402 --> 00:08:05,017 COVERED MOST OF HER BODY. >> I GOT THE VERY STRONG FEELING, THIS IS MY -- THAT FABRIC IS MY ONLY PROTECTION 56 00:08:05,084 --> 00:08:10,523 THAT -- I DON'T KNOW ITS EFFECTIVENESS, BUT IT WAS THE ONLY THING I GOT. >> YOU COULD FEEL HIDDEN A 57 00:08:10,590 --> 00:08:18,831 LITTLE BIT BEHIND THAT, FORMLESS -- >> THE WORD "HIDDEN" HAS NO PLACE. 58 00:08:18,898 --> 00:08:28,174 I WAS WATCHED AND SEEN AT ALL TIMES. I WAS NOT HIDDEN, NOT FOR A MOMENT. 59 00:08:28,241 --> 00:08:36,382 THEY COULD DO ANYTHING TO ME. >> YOU WERE HELPLESS. >> I WAS HELPLESS. >> DID YOU TRY TO ENGAGE THEM SO 60 00:08:36,449 --> 00:08:44,690 THEY WOULD SEE YOU AS A HUMAN? >> I AM TRYING TO MAKE THEM CARE. >> DID IT WORK? 61 00:08:44,757 --> 00:08:49,528 DO YOU THINK THEY BEGAN TO WANT TO PROTECT YOU? >> THEY DID NOT WANT TO PROTECT ME. 62 00:08:49,595 --> 00:09:04,377 THEY WANTED TO GUARD THEIR TROPHY, BUT I DO THINK I MANAGED TO MAKE THEM CARE -- I DON'T KNOW, ON SOME LEVELS, AND I DO 63 00:09:04,443 --> 00:09:13,753 THINK IT HELPED ME SURVIVE. >> DO YOU THINK THAT AT SOME LEVEL YOU JUST SHUT DOWN? YOU KNOW, ALMOST AS IF IT WAS 64 00:09:13,819 --> 00:09:21,527 HAPPENING TO ANOTHER PERSON? >> NO. IT WAS HAPPENING TO ME. >> THERE ARE DETAILS ABOUT HER 65 00:09:21,594 --> 00:09:28,067 CAPTIVITY THAT SHE DIDN'T WANT TO SHARE WITH US. >> DID THEY FEED YOU? CAN YOU TALK ABOUT THAT? 66 00:09:28,134 --> 00:09:34,307 >> YEAH -- NO. SHE LIVED WITH PERSISTENT ANXIETY OVER THE FATE OF ALON AND GEFFEN. 67 00:09:34,373 --> 00:09:43,549 THEN THREE WEEKS IN, BECAUSE SHE COULD OCCASIONALLY OVERHEAR NEWS ON A RADIO, SHE HAPPENED TO CATCH ONE OF ALON'S COUSINS 68 00:09:43,616 --> 00:09:57,663 SPEAKING. >> AND HE MENTIONED, BY THE WAY, THE FACT THAT I AM I AND CARMEL MY SISTER IN LAW HELD IN GAZA. 69 00:09:57,730 --> 00:10:06,038 >> YOU HEARD NAME MENTIONED ON RADIO. >> YEAH, BUT I DID NOT HEAR ALON AND GEFFEN, BUT I CAN PRETTY 70 00:10:06,105 --> 00:10:12,478 MUCH ASSUME THEY WERE FINE. >> ALONG WITH HER HUSBAND AND CHILD, SHE WAS TORMENTED ABOUT CARMEL BECAUSE OF THE ALMOST 71 00:10:12,545 --> 00:10:19,485 CONSTANT EXPLOSIONS OF THE ISRAELI BOMBS LEVELING NEIGHBORHOODS ALL ACROSS GAZA. >> WERE YOU AFRAID THAT THAT WAS 72 00:10:19,552 --> 00:10:28,494 GOING TO KILL YOU? >> YES. IT'S A VERY FRIGHTENING EXPERIENCE TO BE ON A WAR ZONE. 73 00:10:28,561 --> 00:10:37,970 YOU CANNOT IGNORE IT. IT'S VERY INTENSE. >> MEANWHILE IN ISRAEL THERE WAS A GROWING "BRING THEM HOME NOW" 74 00:10:38,037 --> 00:10:44,443 MOVEMENT TO PRESSURE THE GOVERNMENT TO PRIORITIZE THE HOSTAGES. >> BRING THEM BACK HOME NOW. 75 00:10:44,510 --> 00:10:50,516 >> NOW! NOW! NOW! >> POSTERS OF THE HOSTAGES ARE 76 00:10:50,583 --> 00:10:59,091 EVERYWHERE. THIS IS ROMI GONEN WHO WAS SHOT AND KIDNAPPED. FOR HER MOTHER, MEIRAV, IT'S 77 00:10:59,158 --> 00:11:05,498 OCTOBER 7th EVERY DAY. >> THEY'RE NOT FED. THEY ARE STARVED. WE KNOW ABOUT SEXUAL HARASSMENT 78 00:11:05,564 --> 00:11:14,907 OF THE WOMEN THAT LEFT THERE AND OF THE MEN ALSO. THEY'RE TREATED WITH CRUELTY, THE ONES THAT STAYED THERE AND 79 00:11:14,974 --> 00:11:22,048 IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT THEY DON'T HAVE TIME. >> YARDEN'S FAMILY WAGED THEIR OWN CAMPAIGN SETTING UP A WAR 80 00:11:22,114 --> 00:11:30,756 ROOM TO GET HER AND CARMEL FREED, EVEN TRAVELING TO WASHINGTON FOR HELP. EVENTUALLY ALL THE PRESSURE PAID 81 00:11:30,823 --> 00:11:37,830 OFF. LAST MONTH ISRAEL AGREED TO CEASE THE BOMBING AND FREE SOME PALESTINIAN PRISONERS AND HAMAS 82 00:11:37,897 --> 00:11:47,740 ISSUED A DAILY LIST OF HOSTAGES IT WOULD FREE THE NEXT DAY. >> EVERY DAY, MOSTLY AT NIGHT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT WE WOULD 83 00:11:47,807 --> 00:11:56,816 GET A PHONE CALL OF WHETHER WE ARE ON OR OFF THE LIST. >> YARDEN'S BROTHER GILI. >> THE WAY IT PLAYED OUT WAS 84 00:11:56,882 --> 00:12:02,354 HAMAS WOULD ANNOUNCE WHO'S COMING OUT TOMORROW. >> THAT WAS THE TWISTED REALITY SHOW THAT WE LIVED IN. 85 00:12:02,421 --> 00:12:10,863 YES, THAT IS WHAT HAPPENED. >> ONCE THE HOSTAGE RELEASES STARTED, THE ENTIRE COUNTRY WAS GLUED TO TELEVISION AS EACH 86 00:12:10,930 --> 00:12:22,641 TRANSFER WAS COVERED LIVE, BUT FOR FIVE EXCRUCIATING DAYS NEITHER YARDEN NOR CARMEL WERE ON THE LIST THEN CAME DAY SIX OF 87 00:12:22,708 --> 00:12:32,651 THE CEASEFIRE. AFTER 54 DAYS, YARDEN'S CAPTORS TOLD HER YOU'RE GETTING OUT. >> THEY WONDERED WHY AREN'T I 88 00:12:32,718 --> 00:12:38,657 HAPPY? THEY ALMOST DEMANDED IT. BE HAPPY! BE HAPPY ALREADY! 89 00:12:38,724 --> 00:12:48,167 YOU'RE GOING HOME! >> SOME OF THE HOSTAGES WERE GIVEN DRUGS TO MAKE SURE THAT THEY LOOKED HAPPY, WELL TREATED. 90 00:12:48,234 --> 00:12:55,107 >> I DON'T WANT TO GO THERE. >> NO. >> ON THE NIGHT OF HER RELEASE, HER FAMILY, THE ENTIRE WAR ROOM 91 00:12:55,174 --> 00:13:05,618 GATHERED AROUND A TELEVISION AND AS SHE CROSSED OUT OF GAZA -- >> OH, MY GOD! ESCORTED BY HER CAPTORS! 92 00:13:05,684 --> 00:13:13,926 YARDEN WAS HANDED OVER TO THE RED CROSS AND TRANSPORTED TO ISRAEL. >> I WOKE UP GEFFEN AROUND 2:00 93 00:13:13,993 --> 00:13:18,864 IN THE MORNING. I WOKE HER, AND I TOLD HER WE FOUND MOMMY. WE FOUND MOMMY AND SHE'S COMING 94 00:13:18,931 --> 00:13:25,671 BACK. >> MOMMY! >> THE REUNION, THE EMBRACE TOOK PLACE AT A HOSPITAL. 95 00:13:25,738 --> 00:13:33,579 THE FIRST STOP FOR ALL OF THE RELEASED HOSTAGES. THE LAST TIME YARDEN HAD SEEN HER DAUGHTER WAS 54 DAYS EARLIER 96 00:13:33,646 --> 00:13:40,819 WHEN SHE HANDED HER OVER TO ALON. >> SO IT HASN'T BEEN THAT LONG SINCE SHE CAME HOME. 97 00:13:40,886 --> 00:13:46,225 IS SHE STILL THE SAME PERSON? >> YEAH. >> SHE IS? >> I THINK SHE IS. 98 00:13:46,292 --> 00:13:51,197 YEAH. >> ARE YOU THE SAME PERSON? >> NO. I'M A DIFFERENT PERSON. 99 00:13:51,263 --> 00:14:00,573 I'M TEARING APART BETWEEN FINDING MORE CARMEL. MY MOTHER WAS MURDERED. ALSO, I DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO 100 00:14:00,639 --> 00:14:10,849 MOURN ON THAT. I WAS DISCONNECTED EMOTIONALLY, AND I THINK STILL I AM. >> ALON'S OLD KIBBUTZ IS NOW 101 00:14:10,916 --> 00:14:19,291 ROWS AND ROWS OF BURNED-OUT HOUSES. >> THIS IS GIVE EFFEN'S SWING. >> WITH PAINFUL REMINDERS. 102 00:14:19,358 --> 00:14:27,967 THE DAY AFTER YARDEN WAS RELEASED EVERYONE THOUGHT HER SISTER CARMEL WOULD FOLLOW. >> THE WHOLE DAY I KEPT MYSELF 103 00:14:28,033 --> 00:14:38,544 EXPECTING CARMEL. I WAS ALMOST SURE SHE'S -- >> OH, DEAR. I'M SORRY. 104 00:14:38,611 --> 00:14:45,117 I'M SORRY. >> THE CEASEFIRE UNRAVELLED AND NO MORE HOSTAGES HAVE COME OUT SINCE. 105 00:14:45,184 --> 00:14:52,391 THE FAMILY WAR ROOM IS STILL OPERATING, NOW FOCUSED ON CARMEL. >> AND NOW YOU ARE PART OF THE 106 00:14:52,458 --> 00:14:56,996 WAR ROOM. >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> SO WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO DO THE INTERVIEW? 107 00:14:57,062 --> 00:15:09,174 >> MY SISTER-IN-LAW CARMEL AND A BUNCH OF OTHER HOSTAGES ARE STILL IN GAZA, AND IT'S WRONG, AND WE HAVE TO STOP IT AND IF WE 108 00:15:09,241 --> 00:15:19,885 CAN DO ANYTHING TO HELP THAT WE WILL. [ TICKING ] >>> A MOTHER STILL WAITING FOR 109 00:15:19,952 --> 00:15:25,491 HER DAUGHTER TO RETURN. >> IS THERE ANY FEAR THAT TIME IS RUNNING OUT? >> YES. 110 00:15:25,557 --> 00:15:38,871 >> AT >>> THE THEFT OF CAMBODIA'S CULTURAL TREASURES, THOUSANDS OF SACRED STONE, BRONZE AND GOLD 111 00:15:38,937 --> 00:15:44,076 ARTIFACTS FROM RELIGIOUS SITES ACROSS THE COUNTRY MIGHT JUST BE THE GREATEST ART HEIST IN HISTORY. 112 00:15:44,143 --> 00:15:53,285 IT BEGAN NEARLY A CENTURY AGO WHEN CAMBODIA WAS COLONIZED BY FRANCE, BUT IN THE 1970s, '80s AND '90s AMIDST GENOCIDE, CIVIL 113 00:15:53,352 --> 00:16:05,364 WAR AND POLITICAL TURMOIL THE LOOTING BECAME A GLOBAL BUSINESS MUCH UOF IT RUN BY A MAN NAMED DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. 114 00:16:05,431 --> 00:16:15,140 HE KEPT MUCH FOR HIMSELF AND HE THEN SOLD TO WEALTHY PRIVATE COLLECTORS AND SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MUSEUMS AROUND THE 115 00:16:15,207 --> 00:16:20,012 WORLD. CAMBODIA HAS BEEN TRYING TO SPEND THE LAST TEN YEARS TRYING TO TRACK IT ALL DOWN AND NOW 116 00:16:20,079 --> 00:16:29,888 THEY WANT THEIR HISTORY AND HERITAGE BROUGHT HOME. ANGKOR WAT WITH ITS TOWERING SPIRES IS THE GLORY OF CAMBODIA. 117 00:16:29,955 --> 00:16:40,766 IT'S ONE OF THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY AND RELIGIOUS TEMPLES IN THE WORLD SPRAWLING ACRES AND HONORING THE GOD 118 00:16:40,833 --> 00:16:52,511 VISHNU AND REMAINS A PLACE OF WORSHIP TODAY. YOU CAN WANDER HERE FOR WEEKS LOST IN CORRIDORS AND CHAMBERS. 119 00:16:52,578 --> 00:17:01,353 LOOTERS HAVE HACKED OFF THE HEADS OF MANY STATUES, THEY'VE STOLEN BODIES, AS WELL. EMPTY PEDESTALS WHERE GODS AND 120 00:17:01,420 --> 00:17:11,263 DEITIES ONCE STOOD. ON SOME ONLY THE FEET REMAIN. IT'S WORSE IN THE REST OF CAMBODIA'S 4,000 TEMPLES, NEARLY 121 00:17:11,330 --> 00:17:24,643 ALL HAVE BEEN LOOTED. THIS ONE IS A HUNDRED MILES NORTHEAST OF ANGKOR WAT ON A REMOTE ISLAND CALLED SANDWATT. 122 00:17:24,710 --> 00:17:30,516 >> THEY FOUND GOLD. THEY FOUND STATUES AND THEY FOUND MANY, MANY THINGS. >> THAT'S BRAD GORDON, AN 123 00:17:30,582 --> 00:17:36,054 AMERICAN LAWYER WHO HAS BEEN WORKING FOR THE CAMBODIAN GOVERNMENT FOR TEN YEARS TRACKING DOWN ITS STOLEN 124 00:17:36,121 --> 00:17:42,594 TREASURES. HE BROUGHT US TO SANDAK WITH HIS TEAM OF INVESTIGATORS, ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND ART SCHOLARS. 125 00:17:42,661 --> 00:17:50,602 >> THIS IS SO COOL. >> IN THE TEMPLE'S CRUMBLING COURTYARD LITTLE REMAIN, MOSTLY EMPTY PEDESTALS SCATTERED 126 00:17:50,669 --> 00:17:55,407 THROUGHOUT THE TREES. >> IT'S REMARKABLE HOW MUCH STUFF IS JUST SCATTERED ON THE GROUND. 127 00:17:55,474 --> 00:17:58,911 ? YES. IT'S LIKE A PEDESTAL GRAVEYARD. >> WE'VE ALL SEEN IN MUSEUMS 128 00:17:58,977 --> 00:18:06,819 THESE STATUES WITH NO FEET ON THEM, AND I DON'T THINK PEOPLE REALIZE THE FEET WERE HACKED OFF BECAUSE IN ORDER TO STEAL THEM 129 00:18:06,885 --> 00:18:12,858 THAT'S THE EASIEST WAY TO GET THEM OFF THE PEDESTAL. >> WE KNOW WHEN THE LOOTERS CAME TO SITES LIKE THIS. 130 00:18:12,925 --> 00:18:17,896 THE FIRST THING THEY TOOK WAS THE HEADS. THAT WAS THE EASIEST TO GRAB AND THEN LATER ON THEY'D COME BACK 131 00:18:17,963 --> 00:18:25,771 AND GET THE TORSO, BUT THEY WERE NOT VERY CAREFUL SO THEY LEFT BEHIND PIECES. [ BELL TOLLING ] 132 00:18:25,838 --> 00:18:34,012 >>> FOR CAMBODIANS, THESE STATUES ARE NOT JUST WORKS OF ART, THEY ARE SACRED DEITIES. THEY HOLD THE SOULS OF THEIR 133 00:18:34,079 --> 00:18:39,351 ANCESTORS TO WHOM THEY ASK FOR GUIDANCE AND PRAY. >> THIS IS INCREDIBLE. THESE WERE ALL LOOTED? 134 00:18:39,418 --> 00:18:45,991 >> YES. LOOTED. >> ALL OF THESE HEADS CUT OFF? >> YES. 135 00:18:46,058 --> 00:18:55,501 >> FOR PHOEURNG SACKONA IS TRACKING DOWN THEIR STOLEN GODS. WE MET HER IN A CLOSELY GUARDED WAREHOUSE NOT FAR FROM ANGKOR 136 00:18:55,567 --> 00:19:02,841 WAT WHERE MORE THAN 6,000 PIECES FROM TEMPLES ACROSS THE COUNTRY ARE STORED FOR SAFEKEEPING. EACH ONE SCULPTED BY AN ARTISAN 137 00:19:02,908 --> 00:19:10,716 FROM AN ANCIENT KHMER EMPIRE THAT LASTED FOR MORE THAN FIVE CENTURIES AND SPANNED CAMBODIA, LAOS, THAILAND AND VIETNAM. 138 00:19:10,782 --> 00:19:16,555 >> SO THE STATUES HAVE A SOUL. THE STATUES, ARE THEY LIVING? >> OF COURSE. YES. 139 00:19:16,622 --> 00:19:22,694 AND WE BELIEVE THAT WE CAN TALK WITH THEM. THEY WILL HEAR. THEY WILL SEE, WHAT DO YOU WANT? 140 00:19:22,761 --> 00:19:30,936 WHAT DO YOU SEE? WHAT DO YOU DO IN YOUR LIFE? IN YOUR HOME, OUTSIDE IN THE SOCIETY ALSO. 141 00:19:31,003 --> 00:19:38,477 >> THEY'RE WATCHING. >> THEY'RE WATCHING EVERYWHERE. >> PHOEURNG SACKONA'S ENTIRE FAMILY WAS KILLED IN THE 142 00:19:38,544 --> 00:19:45,484 GENOCIDE THAT BEGAN IN 1975 WHEN THE KHMER ROUGE A RADICAL COMMUNIST GROUP TOOK OVER FORCING MILLIONS OF CAMBODIANS 143 00:19:45,551 --> 00:19:52,758 INTO LABOR CAMPS. SOME 2 MILLION PEOPLE, NEARLY A QUARTER OF THE POPULATION, WERE SLAUGHTERED OR STARVED TO DEATH. 144 00:19:52,824 --> 00:20:01,033 THE KHMER ROUGE LOST POWER IN 1979, BUT FIGHTING AND INSTABILITY CONTINUED FOR DECADES, LEAVING CAMBODIA'S 145 00:20:01,099 --> 00:20:10,842 TEMPLES UNPROTECTED AND VULNERABLE, EASY TARGETS FOR UNSCRUPULOUS ANTIQUITIES DEALERS LIKE DOUGLAS LATCHFORD? 146 00:20:10,909 --> 00:20:18,050 >> WHO WAS DOUGLAS LATCHFORD? >> I WOULD SAY HE IS THE MASTERMIND BEHIND THE GREATEST ART HEIST IN HISTORY. 147 00:20:18,116 --> 00:20:23,755 >> THE GREATEST ART HEIST IN HISTORY? >> YES, IN TERMS OF MULTITUDE OF CRIME SITES AND THE ENORMOUS 148 00:20:23,822 --> 00:20:29,761 AMOUNTS OF STATUES THAT WERE TAKEN OUT. >> LATCHFORD LIVED IN THAILAND, AN ENIGMATIC BRITISH BUSINESSMAN 149 00:20:29,828 --> 00:20:35,367 HE BEGAN COLLECTING IN THE 1960s. HE HAD, IT SEEMS, TWO GREAT LOVES, CAMBODIAN ANTIQUITIES 150 00:20:35,434 --> 00:20:43,008 AND -- ♪ ♪ >> HIGH BODY BUILDER, HE 151 00:20:43,075 --> 00:20:48,313 SPONSORED THE BODYBUILDING COMPETITION, THE LATCHFORD CLASSIC. >> HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE HIM? 152 00:20:48,380 --> 00:20:56,488 ? HE WAS EXTREMELY DECEPTIVE, IN MANY WAYS WAS RUTHLESS, BUT HE HID THAT BEHIND THIS INCREDIBLE 153 00:20:56,555 --> 00:21:03,095 FACADE OF CHARM? LATCHFORD PORTRAYED HIMSELF AS A SCHOLAR AND PROTECTOR OF CAMBODIA'S CULTURE, A REPUTATION 154 00:21:03,161 --> 00:21:10,702 HE BURNISHED BY DONATING SCULPTURES TO THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART IN NEW YORK AND OTHER PRESTIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS. 155 00:21:10,769 --> 00:21:22,180 HE ALSO PUBLISHED THREE BOOKS FILLED WITH THE FINEST EXAMPLES OF CAMBODIAN ANTIQUITIES, MANY OF THEM, IT TURNS OUT, HE'D 156 00:21:22,247 --> 00:21:29,354 STOLEN. >> HE WAS USING THEM TO SELL PIECES AND HE UNDERSTOOD A CERTAIN PSYCHOLOGY OF COLLECTORS 157 00:21:29,421 --> 00:21:36,361 OUT THERE THAT IF THEY SEE SOMETHING IN A BEAUTIFUL BOOK THEY THINK IT'S LEGITIMATE. >> THOSE BOOKS HAVE BEEN AN 158 00:21:36,428 --> 00:21:43,535 INVALUABLE GUIDE FOR BRAD GORDON AND HIS TEAM HELPING THEM COMPILE A DATABASE OF THOUSANDS OF MISSING ARTIFACTS, MANY OF 159 00:21:43,602 --> 00:21:49,908 WHICH THEY DIDN'T KNOW EXISTED UNTIL LATCHFORD PUBLISHED PHOTOS OF THEM. GORDON'S TEAM GOT THEIR BIG 160 00:21:49,975 --> 00:21:55,447 BREAK WHEN THEY MET THIS MAN IN 2012. HE WAS A FORMER KHMER ROUGE CHILD SOLDIER AND LEADER OF A 161 00:21:55,514 --> 00:22:10,395 GANG OF LOOTERS. HIS NAME WAS DUCK. >> I KNEW HE WAS IMPORTANT AND MANY WERE TELLING ME HE WAS THE 162 00:22:10,462 --> 00:22:15,567 BEST AND HE WAS FEARED. >> WHY WERE PEOPLE AFRAID OF HIM? >> OVER THE YEARS HE HAD KILLED 163 00:22:15,634 --> 00:22:23,642 MANY PEOPLE. >> IT TURNED OUT HE WORKED FOR DECADES APPLYING DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WITH DOZENS OF 164 00:22:23,709 --> 00:22:28,180 TREASURES AND HE WAS AMAZED TO SEE THEM AGAIN IN LATCHFORD'S BOOKS. >> HE KEPT GOING THROUGH THE 165 00:22:28,246 --> 00:22:33,185 FRONT COVER AND GOING THROUGH AND TAPPING AND SAYING I KNOW THIS ONE, I KNOW THIS ONE, I KNOW THIS ONE. 166 00:22:33,251 --> 00:22:41,960 >> WHEN HE SAYS HE KNEW THIS ONE MEANT HE HELPED LOOT THOSE ONES? >> THAT'S WHAT WE LEARNED LATER, YEAH. 167 00:22:42,027 --> 00:22:49,301 >> DAE DUCK BECAME A KEY CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE FOR GORDON'S TEAM. THEY GAVE HIM A CODE NAME, LION 168 00:22:49,367 --> 00:22:56,875 TO PROTECT HIS IDENTITY AND FOLLOWED HIM TO DOZENS OF TEMPS WHERE HE CONFESSED WHAT HE FOUND AND HOW HE'D STOLEN THEM. 169 00:22:56,942 --> 00:23:03,615 >> HE WOULD SAY TO US I'M GOING TO TRANSFER EVERYTHING IN MY HEAD TO YOU, I'LL TELL YOU EVERYTHING. 170 00:23:03,682 --> 00:23:07,819 EVERY SECRET. >> YOU FELT HIS MEMORY WAS VERY GOOD? IT WAS ACCURATE? 171 00:23:07,886 --> 00:23:13,725 >> IT WAS UNBELIEVABLE. HE REMEMBERED THE SIZE OF EVERYTHING MEASURED AGAINST HIS BODY. 172 00:23:13,792 --> 00:23:18,530 HE WOULD SHOW HOW BIG A STATUE WAS. >> WHY DO YOU THINK HE WANTED TO COOPERATE? 173 00:23:18,597 --> 00:23:25,804 >> HE FELT TREMENDOUSLY GUILTY ABOUT MANY THINGS HE'D DONE IN HIS LIFE, ABOUT THE KILLING, ABOUT THE LOOTING, AND WE 174 00:23:25,871 --> 00:23:33,612 OFFERED HIM A ROAD TO REDEMPTION, A WAY TO DO SOMETHING REALLY GOOD AT THE END OF HIS LIFE. 175 00:23:33,678 --> 00:23:40,285 >> THEY RECORDED HUNDREDS OF HOURS OF LION'S TESTIMONY. HE EXPLAINED HOW GANGS OF LOOTERS WOULD SPEND WEEKS IN 176 00:23:40,352 --> 00:23:48,226 REMOTE TEMPLES USING SHOVELS, CHISELS, METAL DETECTORS AND DYNAMITE TO FIND AND DIG OUT TREASURES. 177 00:23:48,293 --> 00:23:55,700 DOZENS OF MEN WOULD HOIST HEAVY STONE STATUES ON TO OX CARTS BEFORE TRANSPORTING THEM ACROSS THE BORDER INTO THAILAND AND 178 00:23:55,767 --> 00:24:02,707 INTO THE HANDS OF DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. LION NEVER MET LATCHFORD, BUT HE'D SENT HIM PHOTOGRAPHS OF 179 00:24:02,774 --> 00:24:12,684 ARTIFACTS HE COULD CHOOSE FROM. >> WE HEARD FROM HIM SAYING WE'D HAVE TO A TEMPLE TO TAKE A PHOTO AND SEND THEM BACK. 180 00:24:12,751 --> 00:24:19,424 MY SENSE WAS HE WAS SHOPPING. HE HAD A LIST. LOOTERS KNEW HIS PRIORITIES. >> LIKE THESE THAT CAME FROM A 181 00:24:19,491 --> 00:24:28,867 TEMPLE CALLED KOKE. THE STATUES HAD A DISTINCTIVE STYLE THAT LATCHFORD LOVED. IT WAS, HOWEVER, A DANGEROUS 182 00:24:28,934 --> 00:24:34,940 BUSINESS. MOST LOOTERS MADE ENOUGH TO BUY FOOD FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND FIGHTING BETWEEN GANGS WAS 183 00:24:35,006 --> 00:24:41,012 COMMON. >> PEOPLE WERE KILLED OVER THESE ANTIQUITIES. DO YOU LOOK AT THESE AS BLOOD 184 00:24:41,079 --> 00:24:45,717 STATUES? >> FOR SURE. THEY'RE BLOOD ANTIQUITIES. WHENEVER I SEE A STATUE I THINK 185 00:24:45,784 --> 00:24:52,958 WHO DIED TO GET THIS OUT OF THE GROUND OR GET IT OUT OF A TEMPLE AND TO MOVE IT HERE? SO MUCH OF THIS LOOTING WAS DONE 186 00:24:53,024 --> 00:25:04,002 IN THE SHADOW OF THE WAR AND SHADOW OF THE GENOCIDE. >> IT WAS THIS 500-POUND SANDSTONE WARRIOR FROM K KOH KER 187 00:25:04,069 --> 00:25:09,174 THAT PUT DOUGLAS LATCHFORD ON THE RADAR OF U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT. ITS FEET WERE MISSING AND A 188 00:25:09,241 --> 00:25:16,548 PRICE TAG AN ESTIMATED $2 TO $3 MILLION. >> WHEN IT APPEARED IN THE MARKET THERE WERE A NUMBER OF 189 00:25:16,615 --> 00:25:22,754 ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND A NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO IMMEDIATELY RECOGNIZED THAT THE SOURCE OF THE STATUE OF BEING A SPECIFIC 190 00:25:22,821 --> 00:25:31,496 TEMPLE IN CAMBODIA. >> IT CAME FROM KOH KER. >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> UNTIL HE RETIRED J.P. LABBAT 191 00:25:31,563 --> 00:25:37,469 WAS A SPECIAL AGENT ON THE ART AND ANTIQUITIES UNIT WITH HOMELAND SECURITY. >> A TEAM FROM THE U.S. 192 00:25:37,535 --> 00:25:44,943 ATTORNEYS OFFICE AT THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK TRAVELED TO CAMBODIA TO INSPECT THE SITE WHERE THE STATUE HAD BEEN 193 00:25:45,010 --> 00:25:54,352 REMOVED, AND SO THE BASE WAS STILL THERE WITH IT, WITH THE FEET STILL IN THE GROUND AND SO THEY WERE ABLE TO MATCH THAT 194 00:25:54,419 --> 00:25:59,624 BASE AND FEET TO THE STATUE. >> AND THAT WAS ENOUGH EVIDENCE TO GET THE STATUE PULLED OFF THE MARKET? 195 00:25:59,691 --> 00:26:07,432 >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> AFTER YEARS OF LEGAL WRANGLING, SOTHEBY'S FINALLY AGREED TO SEND THIS STOLEN 196 00:26:07,499 --> 00:26:18,810 WARRIOR BACK TO CAMBODIA. A CEREMONY WAS HELD WELCOMING IT HOME AND INVESTIGATORS WERE ABLE TO TRACE ITS ORIGINAL SALE BACK 197 00:26:18,877 --> 00:26:27,319 TO DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WASES WHO ASKED ABOUT REPATRIATION IN A GERMAN DOCUMENTARY IN 2018. >> IS IT A GOOD DAY FOR CAMBODIA 198 00:26:27,385 --> 00:26:41,933 OR A GOOD DAY FOR THE ART MARKET THESE TO COME BACK. >> IT'S A GOOD DAY FOR CAMBODIA, AND A BAD DAY FOR THE ART 199 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:46,204 MARKET. >> THEIR IMAGINATION HAS GONE WILD. THEY'VE SEEN TOO MANY INDIANA 200 00:26:46,271 --> 00:26:53,345 JONES FILMS. AS FAR AS I KNOW THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A SMUGGLING NETWORK, AND I CERTAINLY DON'T 201 00:26:53,411 --> 00:27:00,919 BELONG TO ANY SMUGGLING NETWORK. >> THE ATTEMPTED SALE OF THIS STATUE IN 2011, WAS THAT A TURNING POINT IN THE UNRAVELING 202 00:27:00,986 --> 00:27:07,459 OF DOUGLAS LATCHFORD? >> I WOULD SAY YES. THAT CASE PUT MORE OF A FOCUS AND A SPOTLIGHT ON HIM AND 203 00:27:07,525 --> 00:27:16,034 EFFORTS WERE THEN DOUBLED TO, LIKE, REALLY PEEL BACK THE ONION AND LOOK INTO LATCHFORD'S ACTIVITIES. 204 00:27:16,101 --> 00:27:22,240 THE TESTIMONY FORMER LOOTERS FOUND BY BRAD GORDON AND HIS TEAM WAS CRITICAL FOR THE U.S. ATTORNEY'S CASE AGAINST 205 00:27:22,307 --> 00:27:28,947 LATCHFORD. >> HOW RARE IS IT TO ACTUALLY HAVE ACCESS TO THE LOOTERS? TO PEOPLE WHO ACTUALLY STOLE 206 00:27:29,014 --> 00:27:35,587 THESE THINGS TEN, 20, 30 YEARS AGO. >> I KNOW OF NO OTHER CASE WHERE THAT HAPPENED AND IT'S QUITE 207 00:27:35,653 --> 00:27:45,497 REMARKABLE TO HAVE LOOTERS ACTIVELY ASSISTING A TEAM OF INVESTIGATORS TO RECOVER ARTIFACTS THAT THEY HAD 208 00:27:45,563 --> 00:27:52,437 FIRSTHAND IN HELPING REMOVE FROM THE COUNTRY. >> DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WAS FINALLY INDICTED BY U.S. AUTHORITIES IN 209 00:27:52,504 --> 00:28:03,181 2019 FOR SMUGGLING, CONSPIRACY, WIRE FRAUD AND OTHER CHARGES, BUT HE DIED BEFORE HE COULD BE PUT ON TRIAL. 210 00:28:03,248 --> 00:28:09,487 BRAD GORDON CONVINCED LATCHFORD'S FAMILY TO RETURN THE STOLEN TREASURES. AMONG THE FIRST PIECES TO COME 211 00:28:09,554 --> 00:28:18,563 HOME IN 2021 WAS THIS STATUE FROM KOH KER. LION, WEAKENED BY CANCER, CAME TO INSPECT IT IN CAMBODIA'S 212 00:28:18,630 --> 00:28:25,403 NATIONAL MUSEUM TO VERIFY IT WAS THE SAME ONE HE'D DUG OUT OF THE GROUND. >> AND THEN HE TURNED TO ME AND 213 00:28:25,470 --> 00:28:34,546 HE SAID, IT'S THE REAL STATUE. IT WAS A REMARKABLE THING TO WATCH, AND JUST HIS -- HIS RELATIONSHIP. 214 00:28:34,612 --> 00:28:39,551 IT WAS LIVING TO HIM. >> DO YOU THINK HE WAS HAPPY IT WAS BACK? >> THRILLED. 215 00:28:39,617 --> 00:28:46,524 SO HAPPY. HE KNEW THAT HE HAD DONE SOMETHING GOOD. >> LION DIED A FEW MONTHS LATER, 216 00:28:46,591 --> 00:28:54,132 BUT THE SECRETS HE REVEALED CONTINUE TO BRING STATUES BACK TO CAMBODIA'S NATIONAL MUSEUM. MASTERPIECES THAT LEFT THE 217 00:28:54,199 --> 00:29:01,473 COUNTRY LONG BEFORE THESE SCHOOLCHILDREN WERE BORN. >> DOES THE RETURN OF THESE STATUES, THESE GODS HELP THEM TO 218 00:29:01,539 --> 00:29:04,609 HEAL? >> YES. TO GET BACK THE SOUL OF THE NATION. 219 00:29:04,676 --> 00:29:14,285 >> THE SOUL OF THE NATION. >> IT'S NOT ONLY FOR ME, BUT MY FAMILY WHO WAS DYING IN THE WAR AND FOR ALL CAMBODIAN PEOPLE. 220 00:29:14,352 --> 00:29:21,059 >> THERE ARE STILL MANY MORE STOLEN CAMBODIAN STATUES AND ARTIFACTS IN MUSEUMS AND PRIVATE COLLECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD. 221 00:29:21,126 --> 00:29:24,329 WHEN WE RETURN, CAMBODIA'S FIGHT TO GET THOSE LOOTED RELICS BACK. 222 00:29:37,108 --> 00:29:43,114 [ TICKING ] >>> IT'S TAKEN A TEAM OF CAMBODIAN INVESTIGATORS LED BY BRAD GORDON, AN AMERICAN LAWYER, 223 00:29:43,181 --> 00:29:52,590 MORE THAN TEN YEARS TO DOCUMENT THE THEFT OF THOUSANDS OF ANCIENT STATUES AND RELICS BY A BRITISH COLLECTOR NAMED DOUGLAS 224 00:29:52,657 --> 00:30:00,265 LATCHFORD. THEY'VE MANAGED TO GET SOME OF WHAT HE STOLE BACK, BUT MANY TREASURES ARE STILL OUT THERE 225 00:30:00,331 --> 00:30:06,704 HIDDEN IN THE MANSIONS OF MILLIONAIRES AND BILLIONAIRES AND HIDING IN PLAIN SIGHT ON DISPLAY IN SOME OF THE MOST 226 00:30:06,771 --> 00:30:12,443 PRESTIGIOUS MUSEUMS AROUND THE WORLD. THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART IN NEW YORK HAS SOME OF THE MOST 227 00:30:12,510 --> 00:30:19,484 IMPORTANT CHECKS OF CAMBODIAN ANTIQUITIES IN THE WORLD, BUT MANY OF THE FINEST PIECES ON DISPLAY HERE IN THE SOUTHEAST 228 00:30:19,551 --> 00:30:27,458 ASIAN ART WING ARE STOLEN, LIKE THIS ONE AND THIS ONE. THIS, AS WELL. ALL PASSED THROUGH THE HANDS OF 229 00:30:27,525 --> 00:30:34,566 DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. LATCHFORD SOLD THIS ONE TO THE MET IN THE EARLY 1990s. THIS ONE HE DONATED. 230 00:30:34,632 --> 00:30:40,471 >> DO YOU THINK PEOPLE VISITING THE MET KNOW THAT THESE WERE LOOTED? >> I THINK MOST PEOPLE WALK INTO 231 00:30:40,538 --> 00:30:45,777 THE MET THOSE ARE BLOOD ANTIQUITIES AND THEY HAVE NO IDEA WHAT THE HISTORY IS BEHIND THOSE PIECES. 232 00:30:45,843 --> 00:30:51,616 THEY DON'T KNOW THE TEMPLES THEY CAME FROM AND THEY DON'T KNOW THE PEOPLE WHO WERE KILLED TO GET THEM HERE. 233 00:30:51,683 --> 00:30:57,222 >> THE DIRT HAS BEEN BRUSHED OFF AND A LITTLE NOTE THAT SAYS WHERE IT CAME FROM. SHOULD PEOPLE BELIEVE WHAT'S ON 234 00:30:57,288 --> 00:31:01,659 THAT LITTLE NOTE? >> NO. ABSOLUTELY NOT. >> LAST MARCH WE WENT WITH BRAD 235 00:31:01,726 --> 00:31:06,931 GORDON TO SEE WHERE IN CAMBODIA THE MET AND OTHER MUSEUM'S COLLECTIONS REALLY DID COME FROM. 236 00:31:06,998 --> 00:31:16,541 >> THIS IS INCREDIBLE. >> THIS SEVEN-STORY PYRAMID IS MORE THAN A THOUSAND YEARS OLD AND RISES OUT OF THE JUNGLE IN 237 00:31:16,608 --> 00:31:26,884 KOH KER IN NORTHEAST CAMBODIA. IT'S ONE OF DOZENS OF TEMPLES IN WHAT WAS ONCE THE ANCIENT KHMER EMPIRE. 238 00:31:26,951 --> 00:31:33,858 >> DOUGLAS LATCHFORD LOVED THE STATUARY. >> IN LOVE WITH THE BEAUTY AND IN LOVE WITH THE ARTISTIC. 239 00:31:33,925 --> 00:31:38,129 >> THE STATUES HERE HAVE A DISTINCTIVE STYLE THAT HE PARTICULARLY LOVED. >> CORRECT. 240 00:31:38,196 --> 00:31:48,906 >> PERHAPS THE MOST DISTINCTIVE STATUES THAT LATCHFORD STOLE FROM COKE WERE NINE STONE WARRIORS A RANGED IN A BATTLE 241 00:31:48,973 --> 00:31:57,081 SCENE. TODAY SEVEN HAVE BEEN RETURNED TO PHNOM PENH INCLUDING THIS 900-POUND SANDSTONE SCULPTURE, 242 00:31:57,148 --> 00:32:05,290 THE ONE SOTHEBY'S TRIED TO SELL IN 20 LERCHE. THEY'RE BACK IN ORIGINAL PEDESTALS AND THEIR ANKLES 243 00:32:05,356 --> 00:32:15,900 REUNITED TO THEIR FEET HACKED OFF IN 1907s. >> NORTON SIMON MUSEUM. >> HE IS THE SECRETARY OF STATE, 244 00:32:15,967 --> 00:32:23,441 AND HE'S WORKING WITH BRAD GORDON TO BRING BACK THE STATUES WHOSE EMPTY PEDESTALS SIT IN THE MUSEUM. 245 00:32:23,508 --> 00:32:28,279 >> DO YOU KNOW WHAT'S SUPPOSED TO BE HERE? >> WE KNOW. >> WE HAVE SEVEN ALREADY AND 246 00:32:28,346 --> 00:32:36,020 ONLY TWO MISSING. >> ONE OF THOSE MISSING SCULPTURES WAS DISCOVERED IN THE GLOSSY PAGES OF ARCHITECTURAL 247 00:32:36,087 --> 00:32:42,860 DIGEST IN 2008. THIS MYTHICAL ARMY COMMANDER AND A STUNNING NUMBER OF OTHER STOLEN WORKS WERE ALTOGETHER IN 248 00:32:42,927 --> 00:32:51,969 A PALM BEACH MANSION OF THE LATE BILLIONAIRE GEORGE LINDEMANN AND HIS WIFE FRAYDA. >> THEY WERE SITTING IN THE 249 00:32:52,036 --> 00:32:59,210 LIVING ROOM OF AN INCREDIBLY WEALTHY FAMILY IN AMERICA ON DISPLAY WHILE PEOPLE ARE HAVING COCKTAILS. 250 00:32:59,277 --> 00:33:04,816 >> THE ONE THING I'M ALSO STRUCK BY IS HOW MANY PEOPLE WITNESSED IT AND HAVE BEEN SILENT AND CONTINUE TO BE SILENT TODAY. 251 00:33:04,882 --> 00:33:12,724 >> THE LINDEMANN AS SPENT AN ESTIMATE DLD 20 MILLION BUILDING THE COLLECTION WITH THE HELP OF DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. 252 00:33:12,790 --> 00:33:20,732 >> FRAYDA LINDEMANN DIDN'T RESPOND TO OUR REQUEST FOR AN INTERVIEW, BUT IN KOH KER WE SHOWED HER HOME TO TWO FORMER 253 00:33:20,798 --> 00:33:23,768 LOOTERS. >> WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THIS HOUSE? >> IT'S A BEAUTIFUL HOUSE. 254 00:33:23,835 --> 00:33:33,277 IT LOOKS LIKE IT BELONGS TO A KING. THE FORMER LOOTERS POINTED OUT ANOTHER STATUE IN THE LINDEMANN 255 00:33:33,344 --> 00:33:41,953 LIVING ROOM THEY HELPED STEAL. THIS OF VISHNU. IT WAS DUG OUT OF THE GROUND FROM THIS EXACT SPOT IN 1995. 256 00:33:42,019 --> 00:33:51,429 >> YOU'RE 100% SURE THIS WAS TAKEN BY YOU AND OTHERS IN 1995? >> Translator: YEAH. I'M SURE. 257 00:33:51,496 --> 00:33:57,402 >> THEY ALSO IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF OTHER STATUES THEY SAY THEY STOLE THAT APPEAR IN BOOKS PUBLISHED BY DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. 258 00:33:57,468 --> 00:34:08,613 THEY SAID THEY FOUND THIS COPPER STATUE USING A METAL DETECTOR. THEY DUG IT OUT OF THE GROUND HERE IN 1990. 259 00:34:08,679 --> 00:34:15,653 J.P. LABBAT FORMER SPECIAL AGENT WITH HOMELAND SECURITY FOUND IT COVERED IN DIRT ON DOUGLAS LATCHFORD'S COMPUTER. 260 00:34:15,720 --> 00:34:22,693 LATCHFORD SOLD IT TO THE MET IN 1992 AND HERE IT IS STILL ON DISPLAY. >> YOU ARE ABLE TO GET ACCESS TO 261 00:34:22,760 --> 00:34:33,337 SOME OF THE E-MAILS? >> YES. AND IN THERE THERE ARE DETAILED STORIES ABOUT THE MANNER IN 262 00:34:33,404 --> 00:34:41,446 WHICH HE OBTAINED PIECES, THE FACT THAT HE WAS HAVING THEM RE-ASSEMBLED AND REPAIRED, THAT DIRT AND CRUSTACEANS WERE BEING 263 00:34:41,512 --> 00:34:46,050 CLEANED OFF OF THEM. >> THEY WERE FRESHLY DUG OUT OF THE GROUND. >> THESE WERE FRESH PIECES THAT 264 00:34:46,117 --> 00:34:51,989 HE WOULD DESCRIBE IN HIS E-MAILS THAT NEEDED A LEVEL OF RESTORATION BEFORE HE COULD EVEN ATTEMPT TO SELL THEM. 265 00:34:52,056 --> 00:35:01,332 >> DOUGLAS LATCH FORFORD WAS INDICTED IN 2015, BUT DIED BEFORE HE COULD BE PUT ON TRIAL AND FEDERAL PROSECUTORS 266 00:35:01,399 --> 00:35:08,005 CONTINUED TRACING HIS LOOTED ARTIFACTS. THEY BELIEVE AT LEAST 18 OF THEM HAVE ENDED UP AT THE MET. 267 00:35:08,072 --> 00:35:15,279 >> I AM VERY INVOLVED --? ANDREA BAYER IS DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR CHECKS AND ADMINISTRATION AT THE MET. 268 00:35:15,346 --> 00:35:23,721 >> THE MET HAS SAID THEY WILL RETURN OBJECTS BASED ON RIGOROUS EVIDENTIARY REVIEW. WHAT RIGOROUS EVIDENTIARY REVIEW 269 00:35:23,788 --> 00:35:28,860 WAS DONE BEFORE ACQUIRING THESE PIECES? >> NOT ENOUGH. >> IT SEEMS LIKE THE MET HAD A 270 00:35:28,926 --> 00:35:36,167 DON'T ASK, DON'T TELL POLICY. THEY WANTED TO BUILD UP THEIR COLLECTIONS AND NOBODY WAS ASKING QUESTIONS WHERE THEY CAME 271 00:35:36,234 --> 00:35:42,907 FROM. >> FOR PEOPLE, MANY PEOPLE IN THE ART WORLD, WAS THERE A SENSE OF PROTECTING GREAT OBJECTS THAT 272 00:35:42,974 --> 00:35:47,578 STOOD A CHANCE AT BEING DESTROYED. WE NO LONGER FEEL ABOUT IT THAT WAY. 273 00:35:47,645 --> 00:35:55,186 >> UNDER PRESSURE TEN YEARS AGO THE MET DID RETURN TWO STATUES CALLED KNEELING ATTENDANCE WHICH HAD BEEN DONATED TO THEM BY 274 00:35:55,253 --> 00:36:02,527 DOUGLAS LATCHFORD. >> IN 2013 WHEN YOU RETURNED THE KNEELING ATTENDANTS, DID YOU RETURN THE OTHER ITEMS THAT 275 00:36:02,593 --> 00:36:06,163 DOUGLAS LATCHFORD HAD BROUGHT TO THE MUSEUM? >> I DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER TO THAT QUESTION. 276 00:36:06,230 --> 00:36:13,504 I CAN ONLY PICK UP THE STORY SEVERAL YEARS LATER WHEN DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WAS INDICTED IN 2019 WHEN WE IMMEDIATELY AND 277 00:36:13,571 --> 00:36:19,343 PROACTIVELY WENT TO THE U.S. ATTORNEY'S OFFICE AND OFFERED OUR FULL COOPERATION. >> WELL, I CAN PICK UP THE STORY 278 00:36:19,410 --> 00:36:29,186 IN 2013 BECAUSE A SPOKESMAN FOR THE MET SAID THAT NO SPECIAL EFFORT WAS GOING TO BE MADE TO CHECK THE PROVANCES OF ANY OTHER 279 00:36:29,253 --> 00:36:38,930 LATCHFORD DONATED WORK? WHY WOULDN'T THE MET WANT TO LOOK INTO EVERYTHING ELSE THAT DOUGLAS LATCH 280 00:36:38,996 --> 00:36:44,302 DOUGLAS LATCHFORD HAD BROUGHT TO THE MUSEUM IN. >> I CAN'T SPECULATE WHY THAT HAPPENED? 281 00:36:44,368 --> 00:36:54,645 >> NOT TO MY KNOWLEDGE? >> THE MET IS NOT THE ONLY MAJOR MUSEUM WITH LOOTED CAMBODIAN ART CAMBODIANARTIFACTS, BUT ITS 282 00:36:54,712 --> 00:37:02,753 COLLECTION IS THE LARGEST IN THE WORLD. IT WOULD CREATE A RESEARCH TEAM TO HAVE A HISTORY OF ALL ITS 283 00:37:02,820 --> 00:37:09,961 COLLECTIONS. >> IT'S TAKEN TEN YEARS SINCE DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WAS SHOWN TO HAVE GIVEN STOLEN PROPERTY TO 284 00:37:10,027 --> 00:37:19,503 THE MET FOR THE MET TO SET UP THIS PROVANCE TEAM, WHY HAS IT TAKEN TEN YEARS? >> IT WAS A SLOW PROCESS. 285 00:37:19,570 --> 00:37:27,845 I'LL GRANT YOU THAT. IT WAS A SLOW PROCESS, BUT I THINK THAT THE FACT THAT WE ARE FULLY ENGAGED NOW AND FULLY 286 00:37:27,912 --> 00:37:33,985 COOPERATIVE NOW IS OUR ONLY ANSWER TO THIS, REALLY. IT'S A MOMENT OF RECKONING AND WE ARE READY TO DO WHAT IT TAKES 287 00:37:34,051 --> 00:37:39,957 NOW TO RIGHT WHATEVE THE WRONG IS, BUT WE -- >> FOUR YEARS AGO WHEN DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WAS INDICTED BY 288 00:37:40,024 --> 00:37:47,298 PROSECUTORS, DID YOU SET UP A TEAM TO CHECK THE PROVENANCE OF EVERY LATCHFORD WORK? >> ABSOLUTELY. 289 00:37:47,365 --> 00:37:52,103 WE STARTED TO DIG IN RIGHT THEN AND THERE. IT'S NOT EASY. THE FACT THAT WE DON'T HAVE MUCH 290 00:37:52,169 --> 00:37:56,874 INFORMATION HAS TO DO WITH THE FACT THAT IT'S VERY HARD TO FIND -- >> THERE'S ENOUGH INFORMATION 291 00:37:56,941 --> 00:38:04,115 FOR FEDERAL PROSECUTORS TO CHARGE DOUGLAS LATCHFORD WITH STEALING AND LOOTING AND TRAFFICKING AND SMUGGLED ITEMS. 292 00:38:04,181 --> 00:38:11,622 HOW MUCH MORE EVIDENCE DO YOU NEED? YOU HAVEN'T RETURNED ANY DOUGLAS LATCHFORD RELATED ITEMS SINCE 293 00:38:11,689 --> 00:38:15,493 HE'S BEEN INDICTED AND THAT WAS FOUR YEARS AGO. >> WE ARE ON THE VERGE OF RETURNING A NUMBER OF THEM. 294 00:38:15,559 --> 00:38:22,566 >> ALL OF THEM? >> THAT I CAN'T SAY. >> THAT INTERVIEW TOOK PLACE IN SEPTEMBER. 295 00:38:22,633 --> 00:38:31,942 TWO DAYS AGO FEDERAL PROSECUTORS ANNOUNCED THE MET WOULD RETURN 13 ANTIQUITIES THAT CAME THROUGH DOUGLAS LATCHFORD, BUT THE MET 296 00:38:32,009 --> 00:38:41,152 IS NOT RETURNING THIS STATUE WHICH WAS SPECIFICALLY CITED IN THE INDICTMENT OF LATCHFORD OR THIS ONE WHICH LATCHFORD SOLD TO 297 00:38:41,218 --> 00:38:48,225 THE MET IN 1982. CAMBODIA CALLED THE ANNOUNCEMENT THE FIRST STEP AND LOOKS FORWARD TO THE RETURN OF MANY MORE OF 298 00:38:48,292 --> 00:38:53,998 OUR TREASURES. >> SHOULDN'T MUSEUMS HAVE THOUGHT TWICE ABOUT BUYING THINGS THAT WERE COMING OUT OF 299 00:38:54,065 --> 00:39:04,742 CAMBODIA DURING THE GENOCIDE AND CIVIL WAR AND DECADES OF STRIVE? >> THIS QUESTION THAT YOU RAISE IS REALLY THE CRUX OF WHAT WE'RE 300 00:39:04,809 --> 00:39:14,385 WRESTLING WITH. YOU ACQUIRED PIECES FROM A KNOWN SMUGGLER WHO USED A TEAM OF LOOTERS THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS 301 00:39:14,452 --> 00:39:23,027 INTERVIEWED AND TAKEN STATEMENTS FROM. THEY HAVE E-MAILS WHICH REFUTE THE INFORMATION IN YOUR OWN 302 00:39:23,094 --> 00:39:27,932 PROFENNANCE AT THE MUSEUM. YOU HAVE ITEMS IN THE MUSEUM WHICH WERE NAMED IN THE INDICTMENT OF LATCHFORD THAT ARE 303 00:39:27,998 --> 00:39:34,071 STILL THERE AND SO THESE PIECES SHOULD GO BACK. >> THERE'S NO QUESTION. >> IT'S THE RIGHT THING TO DO. 304 00:39:34,138 --> 00:39:40,211 >> THIS PAST SEPTEMBER THE LINDEMANN FAMILY WHOSE COLLECTION WAS SHOWCASED IN ARCHITECTURAL DIGEST STRUCK A 305 00:39:40,277 --> 00:39:48,786 DEAL WITH FEDERAL AUTHORITIES VOLUNTARILY AGREEING TO RETURN 33 STOLEN TREASURES. IN A STATEMENT TO "THE NEW YORK 306 00:39:48,853 --> 00:39:56,994 TIMES" THE LINDEMANNS SAID HAVING PURCHASED THESE ITEMS FROM DEALERS WE ASSUMED WERE REPUTABLE WE WERE SADDENED TO 307 00:39:57,061 --> 00:40:04,101 LEARN HOW THEY MADE THEIR WAY TO THE MARKET TO THE UNITED STATES. >> WHY DID THE LINDEMANNS AGREE TO RETURN THE ITEMS TO CAMBODIA? 308 00:40:04,168 --> 00:40:14,311 >> THE PIECES WERE DIRTY. THEY FINALLY CAME AROUND TO THE FACT THAT LATCH FORFORD WAS DIR AND THEIR COLLECTION WAS ALL 309 00:40:14,378 --> 00:40:20,551 STOLEN PIECES. >> WE GOT A PEEK AT WHAT WAS THE LINDEMANN COLLECTION SHORTLY AFTER THE DEAL WAS DONE. 310 00:40:20,618 --> 00:40:28,759 IT WAS SITTING IN A WAREHOUSE IN UPSTATE NEW YORK, A NATION'S LIVING GODS AND ANCESTORS WAITING FOR A RIDE HOME. 311 00:40:28,826 --> 00:40:35,199 >> THIS IS A WHOLE WING OF A MUSEUM. >> A WING OF THE MUSZ YUMS THAT ONLY THE LINDEMANNS AND FRIEND 312 00:40:35,266 --> 00:40:42,673 HIS ACCESS TO. >> IF THE LINDEMANNS HADN'T PUBLISHED THESE IN 2008? >> THERE'S A GOOD CHANCE WE 313 00:40:42,740 --> 00:40:47,711 NEVER WOULD HAVE FOUND IT. WE ALWAYS SAY THE GODS WANT TO COME HOME. WE FEEL LIKE THE GODS HAVE 314 00:40:47,778 --> 00:40:56,320 SPOKEN TODAY. THEY WANT TO COME HOME. >> AS ONE OF THE BIGGEST CRATES WAS BEING OPENED, WAITING 315 00:40:56,387 --> 00:41:06,397 EAGERLY WAS MUIKONG TAING AND THYDA LONG TWO MEMBERS OF THE TEAM THIS WOULD BE THE FIRST LOOK OF THE ARMY COMMANDER TAKEN 316 00:41:06,463 --> 00:41:15,606 FROM KOH KER AND THEY WERE THE FIRST CAMBODIANS TO LAY EYES ON IT SINCE DOUGLAS LATCHFORD STOLE IT 40 YEARS AGO. 317 00:41:15,673 --> 00:41:20,477 >> HE'S HERE. >> THEY A LOOK ON HIS EYES AND FACE. >> IT'S MUCH BIGGER THAN I 318 00:41:20,544 --> 00:41:25,749 EXPECTED IT TO BE. >> ITS PRESENCE IS EXTRAORDINARY. >> I DID NOT EXPECT TO FEEL THIS 319 00:41:25,816 --> 00:41:30,621 WAY. >> EVEN THE COMMANDER SEEMED TO BE SMILING. >> THEN IT WAS TIME TO SEE THE 320 00:41:30,688 --> 00:41:41,832 RAREST PIECE IN THE LINDEMANNS COLLECTION. >> THEY KNELT IN REVERENCE AS THE VISHNU GOD, DESPITE THE 321 00:41:41,899 --> 00:41:51,041 FUSS, HE APPEARED UNPERTURBED IN A COSMIC SLUMBER. WHEN THE STATUE ARRIVES IN CAMBODIA, IT WILL BE WELCOMED AS 322 00:41:51,108 --> 00:42:06,557 ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT EVER RETURNED. >>> THE LAST MINUTE OF 60 MINUTES IS SPONSORED BY UNITED 323 00:42:06,624 --> 00:42:15,566 HEALTHCARE, THERE FOR WHAT MATTERSES. >>> ONCE AGAIN, THIS WEEK THE LAST MINUTE OF "60 MINUTES" 324 00:42:15,633 --> 00:42:22,106 ISN'T REALLY THE LAST MINUTE OF THE BROADCAST. STICK AROUND, AFTER THE BREAK ON THIS EXTENDED EDITION AS BILL 325 00:42:22,172 --> 00:42:31,115 WHITAKER HEADS FOR MOROCCO TO EXPLORE A MUSICAL TRADITION THAT IS AT ONCE EXOTIC AND EVER SO SLIGHTLY FAMILIAR. 326 00:42:31,181 --> 00:42:37,988 >> THE MOTHER OF ALL BASSES, THE GIMBRI IS MADE FROM WOOD, CAMEL SKIN AND STRUNG WITH GOAT ♪ 327 00:42:38,055 --> 00:42:48,132 ♪ >>> I'M CECILIA VEGA. WE'LL BE OFF TO THE 328 00:42:53,070 --> 00:42:58,842 >>> MOST PEOPLE HAVE NEVER HEARD OF GNAWA, ORIGINALLY YOU WEREN'T SUPPOSED TO. FOR CENTURIES THE MUSIC WAS ONLY 329 00:42:58,909 --> 00:43:06,850 PLAYED IN SECRET CEREMONIES BY ENSLAVED BLACK AFRICANS BROUGHT TO MOROCCO. GNAWA, AN INDIGENOUS WORD FOR 330 00:43:06,917 --> 00:43:15,326 BLACK PEOPLE, IS MUSIC BORN OF THE SUFFERING OF SLAVERY. FOR MANY AFRICAN-AMERICANS, THOSE RHYTHMS ARE FAMILIAR. 331 00:43:15,392 --> 00:43:24,635 WHAT WE KNOW AS THE AMERICN BLUES EVOLVED FROM THIS SWIRL OF ANCIENT AFRICAN AND ISLAMIC RITUALS. 332 00:43:24,702 --> 00:43:31,775 CENTURIES LATER, GNAWA IS EXPLODING IN POPULARITY. TODAY, HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF MUSIC FANS MAKE THE TREK TO THE 333 00:43:31,842 --> 00:43:46,757 GROUND ZERO OF GNAWA MUSIC, THE ANNUAL FESTIVAL ON E SSAOUIRA O MOROCCO'S COURTS, 480 MUSICIANS, 50 CONCERT, HOW COULD WE SAY NO? 334 00:43:46,824 --> 00:43:55,099 ♪ ♪ >> AS THE SUN SET OVER THE MOROCCAN TOWN OF ESSAOUIRA THE 335 00:43:55,165 --> 00:44:03,640 HUGE CROWD GREW MORE IMPATIENT. THEY'VE BEEN WAITING ALL DAY FOR MAALEM HAMID EL KASRI A SUPERSTAR WHOSE PLAYLIST DATES 336 00:44:03,707 --> 00:44:15,285 FROM THE 11th CENTURY. [ CHEERING ] >> EL KASRI'S BACK-UP SINGERS CAME UP FIRST WEARING THE SAME 337 00:44:15,352 --> 00:44:30,934 ORNATE SILK ROADS AND TASSELLED FEZZES THE GNAWANS HAVE WORN FOR YEARS AND THE MASTER MUSICIAN APPEARED AND STRAPPED ON HIS 338 00:44:31,001 --> 00:44:34,271 ♪ ♪ ♪ >> THE MOTHER OF ALL BASSES, THE 339 00:44:34,338 --> 00:44:42,780 GIMBRI IS MADE FROM WOOD, CAMEL SKIN AND STRUNG WITH GOAT GUT. ♪ ♪ 340 00:44:42,846 --> 00:44:57,461 EL KASRI STARTED SLOWLY, ONE OF MOROCCO'S TOP MAALEMS, HAMID EL KASRI HELPED MAKE GNAWA. SOON HE PICKED UP THE 341 00:44:57,528 --> 00:45:03,467 ♪ ♪ >> THE ARABIC LYRICS DATE FROM THE MIDDLE AGES. 342 00:45:03,534 --> 00:45:15,546 AND THIS CROWD KNEW EVERY ♪ ♪ >> THE MUSIC BUILT TO A 343 00:45:15,612 --> 00:45:18,015 ♪ ♪ >> IT WAS A PYRAMID OF SOUND. ♪ 344 00:45:18,082 --> 00:45:29,326 ♪ >> DRIVEN BY THE PULSATING BEAT OF THE KRAKEBS, METAL CASTANETS THAT ARE PLAYED AT ASTONISHING 345 00:45:29,393 --> 00:45:38,202 SPEED. ♪ >> THIS IS THE MUSZ CAL LEGACY OF ENSLAVED BLACK AFRICANS 346 00:45:38,268 --> 00:45:47,344 BROUGHT TO MOROCCO IN MEDIEVAL TIMES, BUT THE STORY DOESN'T END HERE. IT'S MUSIC THAT TRAVELED OUT 347 00:45:47,411 --> 00:45:54,318 INTO THE ATLANTIC FROM THE SLAVE PORTS OF AFRICA AND HELPED GIVE RISE TO THE AMERICAN BLUES. >> THIS WAS A POINT OF 348 00:45:54,384 --> 00:46:01,058 DEPARTURE. IT WAS A PLACE WHERE DRAMATICALLY BLACK AMERICANS HAVE A TIE TO THAT WE DON'T 349 00:46:01,125 --> 00:46:07,831 REALLY KNOW ABOUT. >> ROBERT WISDOM IS AN ACTOR AND A GNAWA SUPER FAN. YOU MAY KNOW HIM FROM "THE WIRE" 350 00:46:07,898 --> 00:46:18,942 OR THE HIT SHOW "BARRY," BUT TODAY HE WAS JUST BOB. WE MET ON ESSAOUIRA'S RAMPARTS BUILT STONE BY STONE BY ENSLAVED 351 00:46:19,009 --> 00:46:26,984 AFRICANS TO THE 1700s. >> YOU CAN TRACE THE BLUES? >> YOU CAN TRACE THE BLUES TO THE BLACK CULTURES FROM SENEGAL, 352 00:46:27,050 --> 00:46:35,993 GAMBIA, MALI WHO THEN TRAVELED NORTH INTO MOROCCO, THE BLACK RACES. WHEN YOU COME HERE AND HEAR THE 353 00:46:36,059 --> 00:46:40,664 GNAWA YOU FEEL THE SAME THING THAT WE FEEL WITH THE OLD-TIME BLUES. >> YOU FEEL THE BLUES. 354 00:46:40,731 --> 00:46:46,303 >> YOU FEEL THE BLUES AND THAT'S WHAT GNAWA ♪ ♪ 355 00:46:46,370 --> 00:46:54,378 >> IT'S MUSIC TO SEEMS TO RISE FROM THE VERY STONES OF THIS ANCIENT WALLED CITY. ONCE A LUCRATIVE TRADING POST, 356 00:46:54,444 --> 00:47:04,821 SLAVE MARKETS WERE CLOSED AS RECENTLY AS 1912. TODAY, FISHING BOATS AND TOURISTS CROWD THE OLD HARBOR, A 357 00:47:04,888 --> 00:47:12,696 POSTCARD OF CAREFREE LEISURE, BUT FOR ACTOR BOB WISDOM IT'S THE MUSIC OF GNAWA EMBEDDED IN A PAINFUL PAST THAT IS THE TOWN'S 358 00:47:12,763 --> 00:47:23,173 TRUE SPIRIT. >> WHEN I COME HERE THERE'S A LIVINGNESS ABOUT THIS MUSIC. IT IS ALIVE AS WELL AS IT IS 359 00:47:23,240 --> 00:47:31,548 ANCIENT AND SO ALL OF THIS MUSIC IS PASSED ON ORALLY SO IT'S CHANGING ALL OF THE TIME AND IT'S THE SAME WITH OUR BLUES. 360 00:47:31,615 --> 00:47:38,822 >> YOU HAVE CALLED IT PORTAL TO THE PAST. >> WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THAT? >> IT GIVES US A REMINDER OF 361 00:47:38,889 --> 00:47:43,460 IDENTITY, WHO WE ARE IN THE LARGEST SENSE, THE AFRICANNESS IN OUR BLOOD. ♪ 362 00:47:43,527 --> 00:47:54,037 ♪ >> WISDOM HAS SEEN ESSAOUIRA'S FESTIVAL GROW FROM A CULT FOLLOWING IN 1998 TO ATTRACTING 363 00:47:54,104 --> 00:48:00,577 UP TO 500,000 FANS INCLUDING WESTERN MUSICIANS WHO WANT A RUN AT THE MOROCCAN BLUES. ♪ 364 00:48:00,644 --> 00:48:11,888 ♪ ♪ >> THE OPENING DAY PARADE WAS A FREE-WHEELING MARDI GRAS, AS 365 00:48:11,955 --> 00:48:18,028 MANY AS 200 GNAWA MUSICIANS WOUND THEIR WAY THROUGH THE STREETS. WISDOM GREETED OLD FRIENDS AS WE 366 00:48:18,095 --> 00:48:26,470 WATCHED FLYING FOOTWORK AND ACROBATICS THAT COULD RIVAL A CIRCUS. ON STAGE, YOU COULD FEEL THE 367 00:48:26,536 --> 00:48:38,081 SHARED MOJO BETWEEN MOROCCAN AND AMERICAN BLUES. WE SAW STYLIZED LINE STEPS THAT REMINDED US OF MOTOWN. 368 00:48:38,148 --> 00:48:46,657 DEEP KNEE DROPS THAT JAMES BROWN WOULD ENVY. AMERICAN PERCUSSIONISTS SULAIMAN HAKIM TOLD US THE SIMILARITIES 369 00:48:46,723 --> 00:48:55,198 DIDN'T END THERE. HE TOLD US THE GOSPEL-LIKE CALL ON RESPONSE SO KEY TO GNAWA WAS THE SAME AS HE'D GROWN UP WITH 370 00:48:55,265 --> 00:49:02,372 IN LOS ANGELES. ♪ ♪ >> IN BLUES OR FUNK THERE IS A 371 00:49:02,439 --> 00:49:15,919 CALL AND RESPONSE. SO AUTOMATICALLY THE FIRST TIME I HEARD GNAWAS I HEARD, WOW, THIS SOUNDS THE MUSIC LIKE BACK 372 00:49:15,986 --> 00:49:27,764 HOME AND THE WAY THEY TURN THEIR HEADS AND IT'S LIKE THE DANCES IN THE '30s AND '40s WHEN DUKE ELLINGTON AND OUR PARENTS AND 373 00:49:27,831 --> 00:49:32,002 GRANDPARENT -- IT'S THE SAME THING. >> A MUSICAL GLOBETROTTER SULAIMAN HAKIM STARTED HIS 374 00:49:32,069 --> 00:49:41,378 CAREER WITH LEGENDARY JAZZ DRUMMER AND COMPOSER MAX ROACH, BUT HE TOLD US THE GNAWA MAALEMS COULD GO TOE TO TOE WITH ANYONE. 375 00:49:41,445 --> 00:49:47,017 WHAT SET THE MUSIC APART WAS THE CASTANETS. >> YOU ONLY HEAR THIS IN MOROCCO. 376 00:49:47,084 --> 00:49:57,794 THEY HAVE WHAT WE CALL A SIX FEEL. AS A MUSICIAN YOU ARE TOTALLY WIPED AWAY BY THIS PULSATING -- 377 00:49:57,861 --> 00:50:02,332 AND IT GRABBED ME. YOU CAN SEE, I'M A NERVOUS WRECK ABOUT IT. [ LAUGHTER ] 378 00:50:02,399 --> 00:50:09,973 IT'S JUST UNBELIEVABLE AND THEN -- >> IT STILL DOES THAT TO YOU? >> IT STILL DOES IT AND WHEN THE 379 00:50:10,040 --> 00:50:16,012 TEMPO STARTS TO PICK UP -- >> WE'RE TAKING OFF. >> WE'RE TAKING OFF. >> THE CASTANETS OR KRAKEBS ARE 380 00:50:16,079 --> 00:50:25,222 THE HEARTBEAT OF GNAWA. THEIR ORIGIN STORY PASSED DOWN THROUGH GENERATIONS SAY THE KRAKEBS WERE FORGED FROM THE 381 00:50:25,288 --> 00:50:32,696 SHACKLES OF SLAVES. IT'S IMPOSSIBLE TO KNOW, BUT MANY, INCLUDING HAKIM, TOLD US THEY WERE IN AWE OF THE GNAWA 382 00:50:32,763 --> 00:50:40,804 FOR USING MUSIC TO DIFFUSE A PAINFUL PAST. >> KRAKEBS ARE THE INSTRUMENTS LIKE THAT, BUT ACTUALLY IT WAS 383 00:50:40,871 --> 00:50:46,109 THIS. IT WAS USED TO KEEP THEM UNDER CONTROL. >> YOU'VE SEEN THE HORRIBLE 384 00:50:46,176 --> 00:50:51,848 PICTURES -- >> YEAH. IF YOU LOOK AT THEM, THERE ARE TWO PIECES LIKE THIS THAT YOU 385 00:50:51,915 --> 00:51:04,327 CLICK TOGETHER AND IF YOU TAKE ONE OF THEM AND PUT IT HERE AND HERE IT'S A NECK PIECE AND THEY CONVERTED THEM, UNBELIEVABLY, 386 00:51:04,394 --> 00:51:09,599 INTO AN INSTRUMENT. >> THEY TURNED SOMETHING HORRIBLE INTO SOMETHING BEAUTIFUL. 387 00:51:09,666 --> 00:51:14,671 >> DOESN'T THAT REMIND YOU OF SOMETHING? ♪ ♪ 388 00:51:14,738 --> 00:51:23,380 >> HAKIM TOLD US THE EARLY AMERICAN BLUES LIKE THIS RECORDS FROM THE 1930s IS CUT FROM THE SAME CLOTH, AND THE 389 00:51:23,447 --> 00:51:34,591 FULL-THROATED LYRICS OF GNAWA, SONGS SEARCHING FOR FREEDOM AND HOPE WOULD BE AS MUCH AS 11th CENTURY MOROCCO AS THEY DID IN 390 00:51:34,658 --> 00:51:42,766 THE PLANTATIONS OF THE DEEP SOUTH. >> THERE'S ALWAYS BEEN A WAY OF PASSING MESSAGES TO BE ABLE TO 391 00:51:42,833 --> 00:51:52,042 EXPRESS ITSELF OF ALL THE PAIN AND AGONY AND THE GLORY THAT HAS HAPPENED WITH THE ACCOUNTING OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE 392 00:51:52,108 --> 00:52:02,619 GNAWANS IS ARE THE SAME WAY. TODAY, GNAWA HAS INSPIRED MROCCAN BANDS THAT ENJOY ROCK STAR STATUS THAT WOULD HAVE 393 00:52:02,686 --> 00:52:09,159 ASTOUNDED THEIR MUSICAL ♪ ♪ >> GNAWA HAS BECOME THE TOP 394 00:52:09,226 --> 00:52:28,078 ENTERTAINMENT IN MOROCCO, ESSAOUIRA'S ANNUAL FESTIVAL. MOROCCO HAS LONG WESTERN MUSICS. HE FELL UNDER THE SPELL IN THE 395 00:52:28,144 --> 00:52:30,146 1960 ♪ ♪ >> ROCK 'N' ROLL GIANT ROBERT 396 00:52:30,213 --> 00:52:36,253 PLANT WAS ANOTHER CONVERT. ♪ ♪ ♪ 397 00:52:36,319 --> 00:52:46,263 ♪ >> SO, TOO, WAS CARLOS SANTANA, CAT STEVENS, PAUL SIMON, FRANK ZAPPA, ALL OF WHOM MADE THE 398 00:52:46,329 --> 00:52:52,869 TRACK TO MOROCCO. EVEN MADONNA PAID TRIBUTE ON HER LATEST ALBUM. ♪ 399 00:52:52,936 --> 00:53:03,013 ♪ ♪ >> BUT NO MUSICIAN IS AS CELEBRATED IN MOROCCO AS DJIMI 400 00:53:03,079 --> 00:53:12,522 H PD JI, IN I HENDRIX, HE ROCKED UP AN ESSAOUIRA, WHERE HE FELL IN LOVE WITH A LOCAL BEAUTY AND 401 00:53:12,589 --> 00:53:20,397 WROTE THE HIT "CASTLES MADE OF SAND," DECADES LATER, ACTOR BOB WISDOM TOLD US THE HENDRIX LEGEND LIVES ON. 402 00:53:20,463 --> 00:53:25,936 >> EVERYBODY IN TOWN WILL TELL YOU THEY HUNG OUT WITH HIM. THAT'S NOT SO. I'VE SEEN ONE PERSON WHO HAD A 403 00:53:26,002 --> 00:53:32,943 PICTURE OF JIMI AND I DON'T KNOW IF IT'S A REAL PICTURE, I'LL BE HONEST. >> IT'S LIKE GEORGE WASHINGTON 404 00:53:33,009 --> 00:53:47,223 SLEPT HERE. >> JIMI -- >> I KNEW JIMI HENDRIX. >> OH, YES, JIMI HENDRIX, MY 405 00:53:47,290 --> 00:53:53,363 FRIEND, MY FRIEND. >> IN FACT, HE DIDN'T EVEN HAVE A GUITAR WHEN HE SHOWED UP AND CASTLES IN THE SAND, SORRY 406 00:53:53,430 --> 00:54:04,341 ROMANCE FANS, WAS RECORDED TWO YEARS EARLIER, BUT WHY SPOIL THE STORY IN THE WINDING ALLEYS IT DIDN'T TAKE LONG TO FIND THE 407 00:54:04,407 --> 00:54:10,947 SPIRIT OF JIMI. >> LOOK AT THAT. JIMI HENDRIX, I'LL BE DARNEDED. >> AND IF YOU CLOSE YOUR EYES 408 00:54:11,014 --> 00:54:20,457 HE'S HERE AT HIS NAMESAKE CAFE BLARING OUT FROM FUZZY SPEAKERS THAT SOUND LIKE THEY, TOO, SURVIVED THE '60 409 00:54:20,523 --> 00:54:26,029 ♪ ♪ >> TALL TALES FROM A SHORT STAY, BUT GNAWA WILL DO THAT TO YOU. 410 00:54:26,096 --> 00:54:32,902 ♪ ♪ >> WHEN WE COME BACK, GOING INTO TRANCE. 411 00:54:32,969 --> 00:54:39,142 THE MYSTICAL SIDE OF GNAWA. [ TICKING ] 412 00:54:46,049 --> 00:54:50,820 ♪ ♪ >>> THE IDEA THAT MUSIC COULD BE A POTENT HEALING FORCE IS NOW 413 00:54:50,887 --> 00:54:58,261 ATTRACTING SERIOUS SCIENTIFIC STUDY CENTURIES AFTER MOROCCO'S GNAWA MASTERS TURNED TO MUSIC AS MEDICINE. 414 00:54:58,328 --> 00:55:10,173 GNAWA IS THE MUSIC OF ENSLAVED BLACK AFRICANS WHO WERE MARCHED ACROSS THE SAHARA CENTURIES AGO. OFTEN DUBBED THE MOROCCAN BLUES 415 00:55:10,240 --> 00:55:17,080 IT WAS SACRED PRAISING SAINTS AND SPIRITS. TODAY GNAWA IS ENJOYING A SECULAR BOOM. 416 00:55:17,147 --> 00:55:31,528 THE GNAWA FESTIVAL HELD EVERY JUNE IN ESSAOUIRA NOW ATTRACTS HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF FANS AND AS THE POPULARITY GROWS, SO, 417 00:55:31,594 --> 00:55:38,234 TOO DOES AN APPETITE FOR A TASTE OF THE MYSTIC. >> AWAY FROM THE MASH PIT OF THE MAIN STAGE IN A QUIET COURTYARD, 418 00:55:38,301 --> 00:55:50,914 WE'VE COME TO HEAR ONE OF THE BEST KNOWN GNAWAN MASTERS MOKHTAR GANIA. TRACING HIS ANCESTORS TO SENEGAL 419 00:55:50,980 --> 00:55:56,219 THEY'RE AS CLOSE TO ESSAOUIRA ROYALTY AS YOU CAN ♪ ♪ 420 00:55:56,286 --> 00:56:07,697 >> WITH HIS RICH, BARITONE VOICE OFTEN COMPARED TO B.B. KING, WE WATCHED AS THE MAALEM STRUMMED HIS WAY TO THE GNAWA LITURGY. 421 00:56:07,764 --> 00:56:13,203 ♪ >> AS ALWAYS, THE CASTANETS DROVE THE BEAT. THE REPEATED RHYTHMS DESIGNED TO 422 00:56:13,269 --> 00:56:24,514 SEND PEOPLE INTO A TRANCE, A SORT OF ECSTASY AS A WAY OF COMMUNICATING WITH THE SPIRITS. WE WATCHED AS ONE AFTER ANOTHER 423 00:56:24,581 --> 00:56:34,190 THE MUSIC MOVED THE UNLIKELIEST OF DANCERS, ONE SWOOPED LIKE A BIRD AND ANOTHER HEADBANGED WILDLY AND ONE MUSICIAN TOLD US 424 00:56:34,257 --> 00:56:41,331 IT WAS LIKE A PASSPORT TO ANOTHER DIMENSION. THIS WAS JUST A GLIMPSE OF THE SACRED. 425 00:56:41,397 --> 00:56:55,044 TRADITIONAL GNAWA TRANCE CEREMONIES ARE PRIVATE, ELABORATE, DUSK TO DAWN RITUALS AND THE MAALEM ACT AS A MUSICAL 426 00:56:55,111 --> 00:57:02,385 MEDIUM CALLING TO THE SPIRITS TO HEAL VARIOUS ILLS. >> IT'S LIKE A CHURCH WHERE EVERYONE IS PARTS OF THE 427 00:57:02,452 --> 00:57:08,158 EXPERIENCE. >> SAXOPHONIST JALEEL SHAW TOLD US HE'D NEVER HEARD OF GNAWA MUSIC BEFORE HE WAS INVITED TO 428 00:57:08,224 --> 00:57:15,632 THE FESTIVAL, BUT WHEN HE SAW PEOPLE GO INTO TRANCE IT REMINDED HIM OF WORSHIPPERS SPEAKING IN TONGUES AT THE 429 00:57:15,698 --> 00:57:21,671 PENTECOSTAL CHURCH HE'D GROWN UP IN IN PHILADELPHIA. >> DO YOU SEE A CONNECTION? >> ABSOLUTELY. 430 00:57:21,738 --> 00:57:29,112 MY EXPERIENCE OF A PENTECOSTAL CHURCH IS SHOUTING OR CATCHING THE HOLY GHOST. SO WHEN I WOULD GO TO CHURCH, 431 00:57:29,179 --> 00:57:33,817 SERVICES WOULD GO ON AND ON AND ON IF SOMEONE CAUGHT THE HOLY GHOST OR SOMEONE CAUGHT THE SPIRIT. 432 00:57:33,883 --> 00:57:39,956 >> ACTOR BOB WISDOM TOLD US HE'D GONE INTO TRANCE ONCE AND HE'LL NEVER FORGET IT. >> THE TRANCE IS A LITTLE SCARY 433 00:57:40,023 --> 00:57:45,195 BECAUSE YOU WANT TO HOLD ON. YOU DON'T WANT TO LET GO INTO IT, IT'S THE UNKNOWN. IT'S ENOUGH THAT I DON'T 434 00:57:45,261 --> 00:57:52,569 UNDERSTAND THE LANGUAGE, BUT TO GO INTO ANOTHER DIMENSION OF POSSESSION IS -- >> IT'S POWERFUL. 435 00:57:52,635 --> 00:58:10,019 >> IT'S VERY POWERFUL. >> WISDOM TOLD US THEY WERE LIKE MEDICINE DRIVEN BY THE HYPNOTIC RHYTHM OF THE CAFTSTANETS. 436 00:58:10,086 --> 00:58:18,728 ANY MUSIC WOULD SAY, IT'S IRREGULAR AND IT BUILDS TO HOLD THIS SPIRITUAL FORCE THAT THEY GENERATE IN THE LILA TO CALL THE 437 00:58:18,795 --> 00:58:25,869 SPIRITS. THAT'S WHEN YOU GET THAT LITTLE SHIVER IN THE CEREMONY. I GUESS IT'S A LONG WAY TO SAY I 438 00:58:25,935 --> 00:58:29,105 JUST LIKE BEING ON THE EDGE OF TIME. >> THAT'S WHAT THIS FEELS LIKE TO YOU. 439 00:58:29,172 --> 00:58:32,308 >> YEAH. IT'S LIKE BEING ON THE EDGE OF TIME. ♪ 440 00:58:32,375 --> 00:58:40,550 ♪ >> SO WHILE WE WERE STUCK IN THIS DIMENSION, WE DECIDED TO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT THE GIMBRI 441 00:58:40,617 --> 00:58:47,023 AND THE POWERFUL MEDICINE IT SEEMS TO UNLEASH IN THE HANDS OF THE RIGHT MAALEM. WE WENT TO SEE MOKHTAR GANIA. 442 00:58:47,090 --> 00:58:57,300 ♪ ♪ >> EVEN WITHOUT HIS RED AND GOLD, THE MAALEM WELCOMED US 443 00:58:57,367 --> 00:59:06,943 INTO HIS HOUSE WITH A TRADITIONAL PRAYER. >> SHUKRAM. >> THIS IS THE GIMBRI. 444 00:59:07,010 --> 00:59:17,720 THIS IS THE OLDEST GIMBRIS HE MADE, HAND CARVED FROM EBONY AND THE SKIM OF A CAMEL'S NECK. TURNS OUT THE GIMBRI CAN ALSO BE 445 00:59:17,787 --> 00:59:21,724 A DRUM. THE MAALEM'S DRUM, THEIR SECRET WEAPON. ♪ 446 00:59:21,791 --> 00:59:31,868 ♪ >> GANIA TOLD US IT TAKES A LIFETIME OF STUDY TO BECOME A MAALEM, BUT AS GNAWA HAS 447 00:59:31,935 --> 00:59:37,907 EVOLVED, SO, TOO, HAVE ITS ANCIENT INSTRUMENTS. ♪ ♪ 448 00:59:37,974 --> 00:59:42,979 >> MAALEM ELECTRIFIED THIS GIMBRI AND ADDED FRITZ AND DECORATIONS. ♪ 449 00:59:43,046 --> 00:59:56,025 ♪ ♪ >> THAT IS THE BLUES. >> AND GANIA'S NEWEST CREATION, 450 00:59:56,092 --> 01:00:06,469 A RHINESTONE-CRUSTED GIMBRI THAT BELONGS TO THE 21st CENTURY. >> THIS ONE LOOKS LIKE A ROCK STAR'S -- 451 01:00:06,536 --> 01:00:17,180 ♪ ♪ ♪ >> MAALEM GANIA TOLD US HE CAN 452 01:00:17,246 --> 01:00:32,829 RING MORE NOTES FROM THIS GIMBRI, BUT THE SONGS STAY THE ♪ ♪ 453 01:00:32,895 --> 01:00:40,937 >> ALL RIGHT. [ APPLAUSE ] >> SOME OF THE SONGS YOU SING ARE CENTURIES OLD. 454 01:00:41,004 --> 01:00:48,611 WHY DO THEY STILL CONNECT WITH THE YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY? >> Translator: THAT'S EASY, HE TOLD US. 455 01:00:48,678 --> 01:00:56,119 GNAWA MAY BE ANCIENT, BUT IT COMES STRAIGHT FROM THE HEART. THEY ARE VERY SPIRITUAL. MUSIC IS NOT JUST WRITTEN FOR 456 01:00:56,185 --> 01:01:02,692 THE EAR. IN GNAWA MUSIC WE START WITH THE SPIRITS. >> SO WHEN YOU HEAR AMERICAN 457 01:01:02,759 --> 01:01:08,464 ARTISTS LIKE LOUIE ARMSTRONG OR JAMES BROWN. >> YEAH. >> DO YOU HEAR GNAWA IN THEIR 458 01:01:08,531 --> 01:01:18,541 MUSIC? >> JAMES BROWN IS GNAWA, HE TOLD US, AND GNAWA IS JAMES BROWN. ♪ 459 01:01:18,608 --> 01:01:23,346 ♪ >> WE HEADED BACK TO THE MAIN STAGE. WE WATCHED A YOUNG BOY HONE HIS 460 01:01:23,413 --> 01:01:32,889 DANCE STEPS IN A CLOUD OF INCENSE WHILE HIS GNAWAN BROTHERS LOOKED ON. MUSICIAN JALEEL SHAW SAID IT WAS 461 01:01:32,955 --> 01:01:40,263 LIKE WATCHING HISTORY SING AND DANCE ACROSS THAT STAGE. HE SAID HE FELT LIKE AN AMBASSADOR FOR AMERICAN MUSIC 462 01:01:40,329 --> 01:01:45,134 AND THE DEBT OWED TO THE ENSLAVED PLAQUE AFRICANS WHO FIRST EXPRESSED THEMSELVES IN THAT MUSIC. 463 01:01:45,201 --> 01:01:50,440 >> DOES THAT HISTORY COME INTO PLAY WHEN YOU'RE LISTENING TO THIS MUSIC? >> ABSOLUTELY. 464 01:01:50,506 --> 01:01:57,180 THAT HISTORY COMES INTO PLAY EVERY TIME I PICK UP MY INSTRUMENT. THE BLUES COME FROM THE SLAVE 465 01:01:57,246 --> 01:02:05,188 SONGS AND THE SLAVE SONGS COMES FROM THIS UPON. >> THAT'S WHY I PLAY. DO YOU MAKE THAT CONNECTION 466 01:02:05,254 --> 01:02:14,263 INTELLECTUALLY, SPIRITUALLY I FEEL IT. I'M A DESCENDANT. THAT NIGHT WHEN A SONG SANK, AS 467 01:02:14,330 --> 01:02:22,605 THE OLD HEALING MUSIC EVOLVED AGAIN. ♪ ♪ 468 01:02:22,672 --> 01:02:42,058 >> LES AMAZONES D'AFRIQUE, AND ASMA HAMZOUI, ONE OF THE FEW MAALEMS IN MOROCCO. MOROCCO PRACTICES A MODERN ISLAM 469 01:02:42,125 --> 01:02:48,097 AND IS A SIGN OF RESILIENCE THAT WOMEN ARE NOW BEING WELCOMED INTO THE MASTER RANKS. ♪ 470 01:02:48,164 --> 01:02:58,407 ♪ >> WITHOUT MUSIC THERE'S NO LIFE. MUSIC IS THE HEARTBEAT OF 471 01:02:58,474 --> 01:03:07,817 EXISTENCE. YOU CANNOT POINT TO ME ONE SOCIETY ON THIS PLANET THAT EXISTS WITHOUT MUSIC. 472 01:03:07,884 --> 01:03:16,225 >> MUSICIAN SULAIMAN HAKIM TOLD ME EVERY TIME HE PLAYED THIS FESTIVAL HE DISCOVERED SOMETHING NEW IN THE GNAWA PLAYBOOK AND HE 473 01:03:16,292 --> 01:03:21,564 PREDICTED IT WOULD INFLUENCE A NEW GENERATION OF MUSICIANS. >> IT WILL OPEN UP A WHOLE OTHER WORLD AND THEN YOU WILL SEE IN 474 01:03:21,631 --> 01:03:31,107 THE NEXT TEN YEARS FROM NOW, 20 YEARS WE'LL BE HERE -- >> DON'T WORRY ABOUT IT. >> WE'LL STILL BE HERE. 475 01:03:31,174 --> 01:03:40,616 HEAR THIS, IT'S GOING TO BE OUTRAGEOUS. >> AND GNAWA IS STEPPING IN? >> GNAWA IS THERE TO STAY. 476 01:03:40,683 --> 01:03:50,159 ♪ ♪ >> THE TRUTH OF THOSE WORDS WAS RIGHT IN FRONT OF US, HOBA HOBA 477 01:03:50,226 --> 01:04:00,937 SPIRIT, MOROCCO'S ANSWER TO THE ROLLING STONES. THEY ARRIVED ON STAGE WELL AFTER MIDNIGHT TO A FRAENSIED CROWD 478 01:04:01,003 --> 01:04:06,842 WITH A ♪ ♪ >> THIS WAS MUSIC FROM THE 479 01:04:06,909 --> 01:04:13,516 STREETS, THE SONGS OFTEN ANGRY AND DISAFFECTED. THEY'RE A THUMB IN THE EYE OF AUTHORITY AND YOUNG MOROCCANS 480 01:04:13,583 --> 01:04:22,692 LOVE ♪ ♪ >> THE BAND'S LEADER RETA AL ALI 481 01:04:22,758 --> 01:04:26,896 TOLD US GNAWA WAS THEIR INSPIRATION AND THE CASTANETS A NOD TO THE ♪ 482 01:04:26,963 --> 01:04:30,399 ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ 483 01:04:30,466 --> 01:04:42,144 >> CALL IT AFRICAN FOLK, HE WROTE. CALL IT GNAWA BLUES. IT'S JUST ROCK 'N' ROLL SUNG BY 484 01:04:42,211 --> 01:04:53,322 A MOROCCAN SOUL. ♪ ♪ [ TICKING ] 485 01:04:53,389 --> 01:04:58,828 >>> I'M CECILIA VEGA. WE'LL BE BACK NEXT WEEK WITH ANOTHER EDITION OF "60 MINUTES." 486 01:05:02,064 --> 01:05:06,535 >>> CONTINUING COVERAGE OF THE ISRAEL-HAMAS SITUATION ON CBS MORNINGS TOMORROW.