>>> TONIGHT ON "60 MINUTES PRESENTS," TAKE ME AWAY. THE SAYING GOES, YOU'LL KNOW THE NEWFOUNDLANDERS IN HEAVEN.
A 90 SQUARE MILE PATCHWORK OF TEN MINISCULE FISHING HOUSES, WHERE HOUSES THE COLOR OF JELLY BEANS CLING TO WORK, ARE 100
YEARS OLD. AMONG ITS QUIRKS, NEWFOUNDLAND HAS ITS OWN TIME ZONE, HALF AN HOUR AHEAD OF THE MAINLAND.
BUT WANDER THROUGH THE VILLAGES, AND YOU MIGHT AS WELL SET YOUR WATCH BACK TO THE 18th CENTURY. >>> THAT'S THE TEMPLE.
THE ROMAN EMPIRE CENTERED AROUND CONQUEST AND THE OUTSIZED PERSONALITIES OF ITS EMPERORS. RESEARCH AND ARCHAEOLOGY
CONTINUE TO SEARCH FROM RELIABLE EVIDENCE FROM THAT TIME. AND TONIGHT WE'LL INTRODUCE YOU TO SOME NEW DISCOVERIES ABOUT
ONE OF THE MOST WRITTEN ABOUT, IF NOT MISUNDERSTOOD EMPERORS OF ALL TIME, CALIGULA. >> I CAN'T BELIEVE THAT WE ARE
SITTING ON THE STEPS THAT CALIGULA MAY HAVE WALKED ON. IT'S AMAZING. >>> JUST COME AND SIT AT A
SUNSET BY THE LAKE IN THE CENTER OF THIS NATIONAL PARK. I MEAN, FITIME STOPS, AND YOU G 100 COLORS OF YELLOW AND 100
COLORS OF ORANGE. AND THEN THE DUSK SETS IN. OH, THERE'S AN ELEPHANT RIGHT THERE.
>> OH, THERE CERTAINLY IS. >> I JUST HAVE TO STOP AND SAY
>>> GOOD EVENING. I'M JON WERTHEIM. WELCOME TO "60 MINUTES PRESENTS."
IN THESE WANING WEEKINS OF WINT, WHO HASN'T THOUGHT, EVEN BEGGED, TAKE ME AWAY. TONIGHT, WE'LL DO JUST THAT.
WE'LL TRANSPORT YOU TO ANCIENT ROME, WHERE ANDERSON COOPER VISITS THE GARDENS OF CALIGULA. THEN IT'S OFF TO AFRICA,
MOZAMBIQUE'S NATIONAL PARK, TRANSFORMED FROM WASTELAND TO PARADISE. WE BEGIN TONIGHT AT THE OTHER
END OF THE WORLD, AN ISLAND OFF AN ISLAND IN THE ATLANTIC, A REMOTE JEWEL OF LAND OFF THE COAST OF CANADA, FOGO ISLAND
FLOATS OFF THE NORTHEAST PROVINCE OF NEW FOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR. THE PLACE MIGHT BE DROP DEAD
GORGEOUS, BUT IT WASN'T IMMUNE TO THE FATE BEFALLING SO MANY SMALL AND ISOLATED COMMUNITIES IN NORTH AMERICA.
IT'S ONE AND ONLY INDUSTRY WINNING DECLINE, AND SO TURNED ITS POPULATION. THEN IN THE EARLY 2000s, A LOCAL
RETURNED HOME FRESH OFF MAKING A FORTUNE IN THE TECH SECTOR. HER POCKETS HER DEEP. SO WAS HER DESIRE TO LIFT UP THE
PLACE AND BRING PEOPLE BACK. SO, SHE UNLEASHED A SORT OF ECONOMIC EXPERIMENT. AS WE FIRST TOLD YOU IN 2021, WE
TOOK TWO PLANES AND A LONG DRIVE AND A FERRY TO REACH FOGO ISLAND AND CHECK ON THE RESULTS. THE SAYING HERE GOES, YOU'LL
KNOW THE NEWFOUNDLANDERS IN HEAVEN. THEY'LL BE THE ONES WHO WANT TO GO HOME.
AND THE ADAGE COMES TO LIFE ON FOGO ISLAND, A 90-SQUARE-MILE PATCHWORK OF FISHING HOUSES THE COLOR OF JELLY BEANS.
NEWFOUNDLAND HAS ITS OWN TIME ZONE, HALF AN HOUR AHEAD OF THE MAINLAND. BUT WANDER THROUGH FOGO ISLANDS
VILLAGES. BACK THEN ALL YOU NEEDED TO GET BY HERE WAS A PIG, A POTATO PATCH, AND SOMETHING CALLED A
PUNT, A SMALLWOODEN FISHING BOAT USED IN PURSUIT OF NORTH ATLANTIC COD, THE SPECIES THAT ONCE KEPT THIS PLACE AFLOAT.
SEEMINGLY EVERY STRUCTURE ON THE ISLAND WAS BUILT IN SERVICE OF CATCHING AND PRESERVING FISH, WITH ONE GLEAMING EXCEPTION, A
$40 MILLION LUXURY INN. PART EDGE OF THE EARTH DESTINATION, PART ECONOMIC ENGINE ON STILTS, THE INN IS THE
BRAIN CHILD OF EIGHT GENERATION ISLANDER ZITA COBB. >> WHY WOULD ANYONE COME HERE? THERE ARE FANCY PLACES PEOPLE
GO. OUR ASSUMPTION IS EVERYBODY WANTS TO GO WHERE IT'S WARM. >> SOMEONE SUGGESTED TO US IT
LOOKED LIKE A SHIP. >> THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE INN WAS A TOPIC OF MUCH CONVERSATION.
I THINK ABOUT IT AS A METAPHOR. IT'S ABOUT PEOPLE FROM HERE AND PEOPLE FROM AWAY. IT'S ABOUT THE FUTURE AND THE
PAST. >> Reporter: THE PAST LOOMS LARGE ON FOGO ISLAND. TO FULLY APPRECIATE THE INN,
EVEN AS A METAPHOR, YOU HAVE TO UNDERSTAND FOGO'S HISTORY. ZITA COBB TOOK US THROUGH DOZENS OF TINY ISLANDS THAT DOT FOGO'S
WATERS TO A PLACE CALLED LITTLE FOGO ISLAND. AND FOR THOSE KEEPING TRACK, THAT'S AN ISLAND OFF AN ISLAND
OFF AN ISLAND. HER ANCESTORS LANDED HERE FROM IRELAND IN SOUTH ENGLAND. THEY CAME FOR ONE REASON.
>> FISH, FISH, AND FISH. >> WHEN YOU SAY, FISH, IS IT JUST A GIVEN? >> IT'S A GIVEN.
SO, YES. WHEN WE SAY, FISH, WE MEAN COD. >> IS IT POSSIBLE TO EXAGGERATE THE IMPORTANCE OF COD TO THIS
PLACE? >> NO, IT'S NOT POSSIBLE, BECAUSE EVERYTHING THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SOMEONE FROM HERE,
YOU CAN FIGURE IT OUT BY JUST STUDYING THAT FISH. IT'S QUITE A NOBLE FISH. >> NOBLE FISH?
>> IT ASKS VERY LITTLE AND GIVES SO MUCH. THEY EXIST ON ALMOST ANYTHING. I MEAN, I THINK A COD COULD EAT
A RUBBER BOOT IF IT HAD TO. >> NOT UNLIKE THE NOBLE FISH, ZITA COBB'S FAMILY SURVIVED WITH THAT THOUGHT, IN COD THEY
TRUSTED. FAMILIES WORKED SIDE BY SIDE HERE, TRADING THEIR FISH FOR GOODS.
NO BANK ACCOUNTS NO, CASH. COBB'S PARENTS COULD NEITHER READ NOR WRITE. SHE AND HER SIX BROTHERS GREW UP
IN A HOUSE WITH NO ELECTRICITY. IT WAS A HAPPY CHILDHOOD UNTIL IT WASN'T. >> WHAT HAPPENED?
>> THE WORST OF THE 20th CENTURY CAME DOWN ON US IN THE FORM OF INDUSTRIALIZATION. SHIPS SHOWED UP ALL ALONG THE
COASTS AND FISHED DAY AND NIGHT UNTIL JUST ABOUT EVERY LAST FISH WAS GONE. >> WITH ONE SMALL PUNT LAUNCHED
FROM THIS ONE DOCK, COBB'S FATHER COULDN'T COMPETE WITH COMMERCIAL VESSELS THAT HAD COME TO THE NORTH ATLANTIC FROM ALL
OVER THE WORLD. >> HOW BAD DID THINGS GET FOR HIM? >> HE WOULD COME BACK WITH
NOTHING. ONE DAY IN PARTICULAR HE CAME BACK WITH ONE FISH, AND HE BROUGHT THE FISH INTO THE HOUSE
AND HE SLAPPED IT DOWN ONTO THE KITCHEN FLOOR AND SAID, WELL, IT'S DONE. AND IT WAS THE NEXT DAY, HE
BURNED HIS BOAT. >> HE BURNED HIS BOAT? >> HE BURNED HIS BOAT. >> IT'S ALMOST LIKE A SACRIFICE.
>> IT WAS. HE DID IT AS A STATEMENT. HE DID IT AS A EXPRESSION OF PAIN AND ANGER.
>> LAMBERT COBB MADE THIS SACRIFICE ONCE HE REALIZED THAT THOSE BIG BOATS WERE, IN HIS WORDS, TURNING FISH INTO MONEY.
>> HE SAID TO ME AS A 10-YEAR-OLD, YOU HAVE GOT TO FIGURE OUT HOW THIS MONEY THING WORKS BECAUSE IF YOU DON'T, IT'S
GOING TO EAT EVERYTHING WE LOVE. >> HE WASN'T WRONG. AS FISH STOCKS DWINDLED, SO DID THE ISLAND'S POPULATION, FROM
5,000 TO 2,500. THE COBBS LEFT FOR THE MAINLAND IN THE 1970s. ZITA COBB'S FATHER DIED SHORTLY
THEREAFTER, BUT SHE HEEDED HIS ADVICE. SHE GOT A BUSINESS DEGREE, WORKED IN FIBEROPTICS, LANDED IN
SILICON VALLEY, AND WAS THE THIRD HIGHEST PAID FEMALE EXECUTIVE. SHE CASHED OUT STOCK OPTIONS,
DROPPED OUT OF THE WINNER TAKE ALL ECONOMY, AND TOOK HER SAVVY HOME, DETERMINED TO REVITALIZE FOGO ISLAND.
>> WHAT DO WE HAVE AND WHAT DO WE KNOW AND HOW CAN WE PUT THAT FORWARD IN A WAY THAT'S DIGNIFIED FOR FOGO ISLANDERS AND
CREATES ECONOMY AND CONNECTS US TO THE WORLD? >> THEN ONE NIGHT AT WHAT THE LOCALS CALL A SHED PARTY, AND
THE ANSWER EMERGES. >> WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT THE PEOPLE OF THIS PLACE, IF THERE'S ONE THING WE'RE REALLY GOOD AT,
IT'S HOSPITALITY. >> WHAT DOES HAPOSPITALITY MEAN HERE? >> HOSPITALITY IN ITS PUREST
FORM IS THE LOVE OF A STRANGER. WE DIDN'T GET A LOT OF STRANGERS. WHEN THEY ARRIVED, AS MY MOTHER
WOULD SAY, IT'S ALWAYS BETTER TO SEE A LIGHT COMING INTO THE HARBOR THAN A LIGHT GOING OUT. >> SHE BUILT THE BIGGEST BAE CON
IN THE HARBOR. SHE MADE THE INN THE CENTER PIECE OF A TRUST, WITH PROFITS RE
REINVESTED. >> WE'RE GOING TO PUT A 29-ROOM INN ON AN ISLAND THAT'S NEVER HAD AN INN.
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF THAT? MORE PEOPLE WILL COME. HOW MANY MORE PEOPLE.
AS ONE WOMAN SAID, WE'RE ONLY 2,500 PEOPLE. WE CAN ONLY LOVE SO MANY PEOPLE AT A TIME.
>> Reporter: THE INN EMPLOYED MORE THAN 300 ISLANDERS. BUT THE REAL PAYOFF IS THE RIPPLE EFFECT.
FOR STARTERS, ALL THE FURNITURE AT THE INN IS LOCALLY MADE. SAME FOR THE PILLOWS AND QUILTS. IT SO HAPPENED THE WOMEN OF FOGO
ISLAND HAVE BEEN MAKING THEM FOR THEIR OWN HOMES FOR 400 YEARS. >> WE'RE GETTING THERE. >> Reporter: WORD IS OUT NOW,
THIS QUILT IS DESTINED FOR A CUSTOMER IN BALTIMORE. WE JOINED THE QUILTING BEE BUT DIDN'T LAST LONG.
>> IT WAS ALL VERY NICE EXCEPT FOR THIS ONE SQUARE. >> THIS IS OUR LATEST ROOM. >> SHOREFAST PUTS UP SEED MONEY
FOR NEW BUSINESSES TOO, A QUARTER OF A MILLION DOLLARS SO FAR. >> AND YOU'RE PUTTING YOUR CLAIM
IN. >> A $7,500 MICROLOAN WENT TO DWIGHT AND HIS FATHER, HAYWARD, A FORMER FISHER WHO LEFT FOGO
ISLAND WHEN THE INDUSTRY COLLAPSED. HE'S BACK NOW AS A HYDE UPONIC FARMER, GROWING GREENS FOR THE
INN. >> THERE'S OUR KALE. >> DOES HAYWARD EAT KALE? >> NOT TOO MUCH.
>> BEYOND THE KALE, NEW CULTURE IS TAKING ROOT. FUTURISTIC LOOKIN STUDIOS NOW
SPECKLE THE LANDSCAPE, PART OF SHOREFAST'S AMBITION TO BRING ARTISTS AND RESIDENTS TO FOGO. AND BACK AT THE INN, A CHEF
TURNS COD INTO CUISINE. >> IF YOUR DAD SAW COD WITH MAG MAGNOLIA OIL AND SEAFOAM, WHAT WOULD HE SAY?
>> FIRST THING, CAN YOU REALLY EAT THAT? >> YOU CAN DO MORE THAN EAT COD. YOU CAN FISH FOR IT AGAIN.
NOW THAT A DECADES-LONG BAN HAS BEEN EASED, FOGO ISLAND'S FISHERS ARE BACK HAULING COD. WE VENTURED OUT OF FOGO HARBOR
WITH BROTHERS GLEN AND JERRY BEST. THE FIFTH GENERATION OF THEIR FAMILY TO HARVEST THESE WATERS.
>> YOU GO EAST, YOUR NEXT STOP IS IRELAND. >> IRELAND? >> WE'RE NOT GOING THROUGH
TODAY. >> THE BEST BROTHERS SHOWED US THE TRADITIONAL NEWFOUNDLAND WAY OF FISHING WITH A HAND LINE.
150 FEET DOWN, NO RODS, REELS, OR NETS. >> FWNOW WE'RE TALKING. >> THAT'S A BEAUTY.
>> UP COMES COD WITHOUT MUCH OF A FIGHT. >> THAT'S A NICE COD. THAT'S PROBABLY A 20-POUND FISH.
>> COD IS MAKING A COMEBACK IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC. CANADA STILL IMPOSES CATCH LIMITS.
BUT WHEN THE BESTS GET DOWN TO BUSINESS, THEY USE AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM TO DROP THOUSANDS OF HOOKS IN THE WATER AT A TIME.
WE WATCHED THEM OFFLOAD 20,000 POUNDS OF COD FROM A SINGLE TRIP. WHAT'S MORE, SHELL FISH HAS DONE
THE UNTHINKABLE AND DETHRONED COD AS KING. CRAB AND SHRIMP NOW MAKE UP 80% OF GLEN BEST'S BUSINESS, AND
HE'S NEVER HAD A BETTER YEAR. >> YOU TOLD ME YOU CAUGHT 400,000 POUNDS OF SNOW CRAB. AT $7.60 A POUND -- THAT'S
PRETTY GOOD. >> YEAH, THAT WAS A GOOD YEAR. >> Reporter: BUT A THRIVING FISHERY ISN'T ALWAYS ENOUGH TO
KEEP THE KIDS AROUND. BEST'S THREE CHILDREN HAVE MOVED AWAY FROM FOGO TO PURSUE OTHER CAREERS.
>> YOUR FAMILY'S BEEN DOING THIS FOR GENERATIONS. YOU NAMED THIS BOAT AFTER YOUR DAD.
>> THE SAD PART ABOUT IT IS THAT JERRY AND MYSELF, WE PROBABLY COULD BE THE LAST GENERATION THAT WILL FISH WITHIN OUR
FAMILY. WHEN THE DAY THAT COMES THAT THAT HAPPENS, THAT WILL PROBABLY BE A SAD DAY.
>> Reporter: STILL, FOGO ISLAND'S POPULATION HAS STABILIZED. THERE'S HOPE THE NEXT CENSUS
WILL SHOW AN UPTICK. BABIES ARE THE ISLAND'S BIGGEST CELEBRITIES. BUT AS EVER, WITH GROWTH COME
GROWING PAINS. IT'S ALREADY BECOME ONE OF THOSE ISLANDS WHERE YOU HAVE TO PRAY TO GET A SPOT ON THE FERRY.
JENNIFER SEXTON SPENT SUMMERS ON FOGO ISLAND VISITING HER GRANDPARENTS. SHE RECENTLY MOVED HERE FROM
WESTERN CANADA TO OPEN THIS KOOF FEE COFFEE JOINT, WHERE LOCALS MIX WITH THOSE WHO COME AWAY.
>> EVERYBODY ASKS ABOUT THE INN. >> WHAT DO YOU TELL THEM? >> WELL, IT'S A BLESSING AND A CURSE.
>> Reporter: HER REGULARS GLUMABLE THAT NOT LONG AGO, THEY COULD GET A HOME FOR $20,000 CANADIAN.
THOUSAND HOMES COST TEN TIMES AS MUCH. >> FOR SOMEBODY FROM AWAY, THAT WOULDN'T BE A LOT.
BUT FOR SOMEBODY FROM HERE, THAT IS A LOT OF MONEY. >> Reporter: ZITA COBB, THE WOMAN WHO TURNED THIS TIDE, SAYS
SHE DOESN'T WANT UNCHECKED GROWTH EITHER. >> AS THE ECONOMY GROWS, WE WILL BE SMALLER AS A PERCENTAGE OF
THE WHOLE ECONOMY. >> A RARE BUSINESS LEADER THAT WANTS LESS MARKET SHARE. >> WE WANT LESS MARKET SHARE,
EXACTLY. >> YOU SAY THAT WITH A SMILE ON YOUR FACE, BUT THERE'S A LOT OF RESPONSIBILITY HERE.
>> YEAH, I MEAN THE CONSEQUENCES ARE HUGE BECAUSE, AS MY BROTHER SAYS, YES, OUR PARENTS WILL GET OUT OF THE GRAVEYARD AND RING
OUR NECKS IF WE MESS THIS UP. >> WHAT'S YOUR RESPONSE TO THE CAPITALISTS WHO WOULD SAY, WHY ARE YOU LIMITING YOUR GROWTH?
>> THAT IS THE TECHNOECONOMIC QUESTION. BUT I START WITH A DIFFERENT QUESTION.
WHAT ARE WE OPTIMIZING FOR? WE ARE OPTIMIZING FOR PLACE. WE'RE OPTIMIZING FOR COMMUNITY. >> THE PILLARS OF THIS COMMUNITY
HAVE BEEN WON OVER. IF COBB'S EXPERIMENT HELPS DIVERSIFY THE ECONOMY, GLEN BEST SAYS HE'S ALL IN.
>> IT'S NOT LIKE WE'RE OVERRUN BY TOURISM. THAT'S NOT THE WAY IT WORKS HERE.
WE'RE NOT THE VENICE OF NEW FOUNDLAND. WE'RE NOT OUT OF PATIENCE WITH PEOPLE YET.
>> Reporter: ON OUR LAST NIGHT AT THE SHED PARTY, WE GOT THE FULL SWEEP OF FOGO ISLAND, IT'S HOSPITALITY AND ITS CONTRAST
LAID OUT ON THE TABLE. COD AND CRAB, YOUNG AND OLD, WARMTH, WIT, AND THIS. ♪ DOWNTOWN ♪
>> Reporter: A TRADITIONAL SONG DELIVERED WITH A HANDSHAKE. >> THE UNDOING OF THIS TRADITIONAL WAY OF MAKING A LIFE
WAS VERY PAINFUL. I THINK I STILL CARRY THOSE BROKEN HEARTS. I THINK THAT KIND OF PAIN
DOESN'T GO AWAY. >> TO WHAT EXTENT HAS THAT BEEN REPAIRED BY THE WORK YOU'VE DONE SINCE YOU'VE COME BACK?
>> I THINK IT DOES HELP. YOU CAN HEAL A BROKEN HEART. ♪ BE SATISFIED WITH WHAT YOU'VE GOT ♪
♪ LEAVE WELL ENOUGH ALONE ♪
>>> WHEN WORKERS BROKE GROUND ON AN UNDERGROUND PARKING LOT IN THE HARBOR OF ROME 18 YEARS AGO, THEY HAD NO IDEA WHAT THEIR
BACKHOES WERE ABOUT TO UNEARTH. THE SITE TURNED OUT TO BE WHAT ITALIAN ARCHAEOLOGISTS BELIEVE WHAT WAS ONCE THE PLEASURE
GARDENS OF THE ROMAN EMPEROR CALIGULA, WHERE ALL SORTS OF LAVISH PARTIES AND DEBOTCHED BEHAVIOR LIKELY TOOK PLACE.
CALIGULA BECAME THE THIRD EMPEROR OF ROME IN 37 A.D. AND REIGNED FOR BARELY FOUR YEARS. HE'S DISPLAYED AS ONE OF THE
MOST DERANGED AND DESPICABLE EVER TO RULE. SCHOLARS HAVE BEEN RE-EXAMINING CALIGULA'S STORY TO SEE IF
HISTORY HAS IT RIGHT. COULD WE DISCOVER SOME NEW FRAGMENTS OF TRUTH IN CALIGULA'S GARDENS?
ANDERSON COOPER WENT TO ROME TO FIND OUT. >> THE TEMPLES AND PALACES OF ANCIENT ROAM MAY HAVE CRUMBLED
OF ITS ODDEST EMPERORS LIVES ON. >> BEND YOUR HEADS. I SHALL SEVER EACH ONE AT THE NECK.
>> Reporter: WHAT MOST PEOPLE KNOW ABOUT CALIGULA COMES FROM THIS SERIES, "I, CLAUDIUS," WHICH WAS BASED ON TWO NOVELS BY
ROBERT GRAVES. CALIGULA TURNS HIS PALACE INTO A BROTHEL, MAKES HIS HORSE A HIGH RANKING SENATOR, AND DECLARES
HIMSELF A LIVING GOD. >> FOR NOW, YOU MAY ADDRESS ME AS ZEUS. >> Reporter: IT'S A TORRID TALE
OF INCEST, INFANTICIDE, AND IMPERIAL MADNESS. >> HELP ME. >> Reporter: BUT HOW MUCH OF
THAT PORTRAYAL IS REAL? DID CALIGULA IMPREGNATE HIS SISTER AND THEN EAT HER BABY? >> HE DID NOT IMPREGNATE HIS
SISTER AND EAT HER BABY. >> DID CALIGULA MAKE A HORSE A HIGH RANKING COUNSEL? >> NO.
>> DID HE TURN HIS PALACE INTO A BROTHEL? >> NO. >> WHERE DID ALL THESE IDEAS
COME FROM? >> LARGELY FROM ROBERT GRAVES. HIS "I, CLAUDIUS" NOVELS ARE AWESOME.
BUT HE WASN'T AN ACADEMIC. HE WAS A WRITER. >> ANDREW WALLACE-HADRILL IS AN ACADEMIC, AND HE'S CLOSELY
STUDIED THE FEW WRITTEN ACCOUNTS THAT SURVIVE FROM CALIGULA'S TIME. >> I GREW UP WATCHING "I,
CLAUDIUS." I LOVE THE BOOK. I LOVE THE TV SERIES. YOU'RE TELLING ME A LOT OF THAT
WAS NOT TRUE. >> WHAT I'M NOT DENYING IS THEY HAD SEX IN THE PALACE. OF COURSE THEY HAD SEX.
PRETTY SPECTACULARLY. >> BUT WALLACE-HADRILL DOES BELIEVE CALIGULA COULD BE VERY IMPULSIVE AND BRUTAL.
AND HE DOESN'T RULE OUT THE POSSIBILITY THAT HE MAY HAVE HAD A SEVERE PHYSICAL OR MENTAL DISORDER.
>> I THINK CALIGULA WAS PATHOLOGICAL, THAT HE ACTUALLY DIDN'T CARE ABOUT THE HURT HE CAUSED.
>> WALLACE-HADRILL SAYS ROBERT GRAVES' NOVELS WERE PUBLISHED 80 YEARS AFTER CALIGULA'S DEATH. SUETONIUS HAD TO RELY ON SECOND
HAND STORIES AND GOSSIP FROM MEMBERS OF THE IMPEER COURT. >> THESE MEMBERS OF THE COURT, IT'S LIKE STAFFERS IN THE WHITE
HOUSEMENT HOUSEMENT. IT'S LIKE ALL THOSE PEOPLE IN BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
>> ARCHAEOLOGY CAN HELP PIN DOWN THE PAST. BUT IN A CITY FULL OF AMAZING RUINS, NOT MUCH DIRECTLY LINKED
TO CALIGULA HAD BEEN DISCOVERED. THAT IS UNTIL 2006 WHEN A PENSION FUND FOR ITALIAN DOCTORS CALLED ENPAM STARTED DIGGING A
PARKING GARAGE FOR HIS NEW BUILDING. IN ANCIENT TIMES, THIS WAS A NUMBER OF TRANQUIL GARDEN
ESTATES LOCATED ABOUT TEN MINUTES BY CARRIAGE FROM THE BUSTLING ROMAN FORUM. THESE RECREATIONS FROM ROME'S
SUPERINTENDENT OF ANTIQUITIES GIVE SOME SENSE OF THE SPRAWLING GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS ENJOYED BY EMPERORS AND THEIR GUESTS FOR
ABOUT FOUR CENTURIES. IT TOOK ARCHAEOLOGISTS NINE YEARS TO CAREFULLY RECOVER MORE THAN A MILLION PIECES OF THE
PAST, WHILE AN UNDERGROUND PARKING GARAGE AND MODERN BUILDING WAS BUILT AROUND THEM. EVERYTHING FOUND WAS TAKEN TO A
LARGE WAREHOUSE, WHERE IT WAS CLOSELY ANALYZED, LOGGED INTO A DATABASE, AND WHEN POSSIBLE, PAIN STAKINGLY RESTORED.
THE OFFICE BUILDINGS COMPLETED NOW IN ROME'S NEWEST ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE. THE MUSEUM OPENED IN THE
BASEMENT, PRESERVED SOME OF THE EXCAVATION AND SUGGESTING WHAT A LUSH AND LAVISH PLACE THIS ONCE WAS.
IT CONTAINS THOUSANDS OF ITEMS FROM THE SECOND CENTURY B.C. THROUGH THE FIFTH CENTURY A.D., LIKE THIS DRINKING GLASS THAT
SOMEHOW SURVIVED LARGELY EXACT FOR 1,900 YEARS. DIRECTOR OF EXCAVATIONS TOOK US TO A SMALL STAIRCASE NORMALLY
CLOSED TO THE PUBLIC AND BROUGHT US TO THE LEVEL OF THE GROUND DURING CALIGULA'S TIME. >> SO, BACK THEN IN THE FIRST
CENTURY, 2,000 YEARS AGO, THIS WAS OUTSIDE. >> Translator: IT WAS CLEARLY A GARDEN BECAUSE WE FOUND IN THE
LAYERS TRACES OF THE ROOTS OF THE PLANTS. AND IN THIS PART HERE, THE STAIRCASE CONNECTS WITH THE
VARIOUS LEVELS OF THE GARDEN. >> IS IT POSSIBLE TO WALK ON IT? [ SPEAKING IN A GLOBAL LANGUAGE ]
>> EXCELLENT. >> Reporter: THIS IS WHAT THE TEAM BELIEVES THE AREA LOOKED LIKE DURING CALIGULA'S REIGN.
WE ENDED UP TALKING FOR A LONG TIME ON THE GARDEN STEPS. IS IT ALL RIGHT TO SIT DOWN? >> OKAY.
>> Reporter: THERE WAS SOMETHING ABOUT TOUCHING THOSE OLD SLABS OF MARBLE THAT MADE ANCIENT HISTORY FEEL VERY REAL.
I CAN'T BELIEVE THAT WE ARE SITTING ON THE STEPS THAT CALIGULA MAY HAVE WALKED ON. IT'S AMAZING.
SHE TOLD US THE WATER PIPE BY HER FEET WAS INSTALLED BY CALIGULA'S SUCCESSOR, HIS UNCLE CLAUDIUS.
HIS NAME IS STAMPED ON THE PIPE. ONE OF THE MOST REMARKABLE THINGS ABOUT CALIGULA IS THAT HE LIVED TO BECOME EMPEROR AT ALL.
THE EMPEROR BEFORE HIM, HIS ADOPTIVE GRANDFATHER, TIBERIUS, WAS SUSPECTED OF KILLING CALIGULA'S FATHER, BROMOTHER, A
TWO BROTHERS. HE WAS SUMMONED TO LIVE WITH TIBERIUS AT HIS PALACE. IT SITS HIGH ON A CLIFF AND IT'S
SAID TIBERIUS WOULD HAVE PEOPLE WHO CROSSED HIM TOSSED ONTO ROCKS BELOW. THROUGH SOME COMBINATION OF
FLATTERY AND DECEIT, CALIGULA MANAGED TO SURVIVE HERE FOR SIX YEARS WITH THE MAN WHO MAY HAVE KILLED MUCH OF HIS FAMILY.
HE BECAME TIBERIUS' SUCCESSOR IN 37 A.D. HE WAS JUST 24 YEARS OLD AND IN CHARGE OF AN EMPIRE.
>> HE WAS IN A VERY, VERY DIFFICULT POSITION. I LIKE THE SAYING OF TIBERIUS, WHO SAYS, BEING EMPEROR IS LIKE
HAVING TO HOLD A WOLF BY THE EARS. THERE'S THIS, SORT OF, SAVAGE BEAST THAT CAN TURN ON YOU ANY
MOMENT. >> WHAT IS SO INSECURE ABOUT IT? WAS IT THE SYSTEM ITSELF? >> YOU'VE GOT THIS ENORMOUS
CONCENTRATION OF POWER AND RESOURCE, WEALTH, CONCENTRATED ON THE PALACE IN ROME. AND EVERYONE WANTS IN ON IT.
THEY ARE PREPARED TO DO ANYTHING TO SEIZE THIS POWER. >> BACK THEN, THE ROMAN EMPIRE DOMINATED THE MEDITERRANEAN
WORLD. AND ITEMS FOUND IN THE GARDENS GIVE SOME SENSE OF THE RICHES THAT FLOWED TOWARDS ROME.
RARE AND INTRICATELY CARVED MARBLE FROM THE FAR REACHES OF THE EMPIRE DECORATED THE WALL ES OF THE BUILDINGS.
GLASS RECOVERED AT THE SITE APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN USED IN VERY EARLY WINDOWS, AND LARGE AMOUNTS OF OYSTERS APPEAR TO
HAVE BEEN SERVED AT MEALS. PHER TEAM RECOVERED THE BONES O WILD ANIMALS THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN BROUGHT HERE FROM FAR AWAY
LANDS SHECHLT SHOWED US THE LEG OF AN OSTRICH, THE FOOT OF A LION, AND THE TOOTH OF A BEAR. >> Translator: IT'S EVIDENT THAT
WILD ANIMALS WERE HERE FOR THE ENTERTAINMENT OF THE EMPEROR. GAMES WERE CARRIED OUT HERE WITH GLADIATORS, WE CAN IMAGINE, AND
BATTLES WITH FEROCIOUS BEASTS. >> CALIGULA STARTED IMPROVING ROME'S INFRASTRUCTURE. HE BEGAN WORK ON NEW AQUEDUCTS.
HE ALSO CUT TAXES. SERLORENZI SAYS THIS COIN FOUND IN THE GARDENS WAS MINTED TO REMIND ROMANS THAT CALIGULA GOT
RID OF SALES TAX. >> POLITICIANS WERE JUST LIKE POLITICIANS TODAY. IF THEY CUT TAXES, THEY WANTED
EVERYBODY TO KNOW ABOUT IT. >> Translator: THAT'S EXACTLY RIGHT. THE COINS ARE A FORM OF IMPERIAL
PROPAGANDA. >> Reporter: BUT SOMETHING CHANGED AS THE YEARS PROGRESSED. SUETONIUS SAID CALIGULA WANTED
TO BE TREATED AS A GOD. >> THIS COLUMN HAS BEEN STANDING THERE FOR MORE THAN 2,000 YEARS. >> THAT'S INCREDIBLE.
>> Reporter: PAOLO CARAFA HAS BEEN STUDYING THE ROMAN FORUM AREA FOR MORE THAN 35 YEARS. >> SO, ACCORDING TO SUETONIUS,
CALIGULA EXTENDED HIS HOUSE UP TO THAT TEMPLE. >> ARE EXACTLY. >> HAVE YOU FOUND EVIDENCE OF
THAT? >> BEHIND THE TEMPLE, RECENT EXCAVATION HAVE IDENTIFIED FRAGMENTS OF A LARGE HOUSE, A
LUXURY HOUSE. >> HE CAN'T SAY FOR SURE IT WAS CALIGULA'S HOUSE, BUT HE SAYS IT COMES FROM THAT TIME PERIOD.
AND ONLY AN EMPEROR LIKE CALIGULA WOULD HAVE DARED DO SOMETHING SO SHOCKING. >> HE WANTED THE TEMPLE TO BE
THE ENTRANCE TO HIS OWN HOUSE. >> THAT'S RIGHT. WHICH IS QUITE UNUSUAL. >> ONE OF THE THINGS "I,
CLAUDIUS DID THIS CLAUDIUS" SEEMS TO HAVE GOTTEN RIGHT WAS CALIGULA'S BRUTALITY. >> HE'S NOT ONLY BRUTAL.
HE THINKS IT'S AMUSING. HE TAKES PLEASURE IN IT. >> PERHAPS THE MOST TELLING ACCOUNT COMES FROM A
CONTEMPORARY OF CALIGULA'S THE PHILOSOPHER SENECA, WHO DESCRIBES HOW CALIGULA INVITED A FATHER TO A FESTIVE DINNER ON
THE DAY HE EXECUTED THE MAN'S SON. >> AND AT THE DINNER, HE INSISTS THAT THE FATHER SHOULD HAVE A
JOLLY TIME. HE PLIES HIM WITH WINE AND FOOD. HE EVEN PLIES HIM WITH PERFUME AND A GARLAND.
>> ON THE VERY DAY HIS SON -- >> ON THE VERY DAY. AND SENECA SAYS, HOW ON EARTH COULD HE ENDURE TO DO IT.
AND THE ANSWER IS, HE HAD A SECOND SON. AND I THINK THAT ANECDOTE JUST EVOKES THE ATMOSPHERE OF TERROR
OF THE COURT OF CALIGULA. >> AS "I, CLAUDIUS" SHOWED, THE END CAME IN 41 A.D., WHEN CALIGULA WAS STABBED TO DEATH BY
MEMBERS OF HIS OWN IMPERIAL GUARD. >> HE'S KILLED BY HIS OWN GUARDSMEN, BUT THEN THEY HAVEN'T
GOT A CANDIDATE. >> THEY HAVE NOBODY WAITING TO TAKE OVER. >> THEY HAVE NO ONE IN THE
WINGS, EXCEPT POOR OLD CLAUDIUS. >> DOES THAT ARGUE THE POINT HE HAD TO HAVE BEEN REALLY AWFUL IF THEY WERE SO MOTIVATED TO JUST
KILL HIM. >> YEP, YEP, YEP. IT'S AN ASSASSINATION BORN OF ANGER, HUMILIATION, DISGUST.
WE CAN'T TAKE THIS ANYMORE. >> LONG AFTER THE ASSASSINATION ITSELF, SOME HISTORIANS BELIEVE CALIGULA'S ENEMIES ASSASSINATED
HIS MEMORY AS EL WITH. >> THERE'S A NUMBER OF SCHOLARS WHO ARGUED THAT CALIGULA'S CRITICS TIS
CRITICS DISTORTED HIS MEMORY, THAT THEY HAVE FALSELY MADE HIM OUT TO BE FAR WORSE THAN HE WAS. >> IT'S LIKE ENTERING A HALL OF
MIRRORS AND YOU KNOW SOME ARE CONCAVE AND SOME ARE CONVEX, AND THERE ARE NO FLAT MIRRORS. >> ISN'T THAT TERRIFYING THAT
WHAT WE THINK WE KNOW ABOUT HISTORY IS SO DEPENDENT ON RUMORS OR -- >> BUT I THINK IT'S AN ENORMOUS
MISTAKE TO LOOK AT THE PAST AS A SERIES OF SOLID ROCKS. THAT WAS DEFINITELY THERE AND THAT WAS DEFINITELY -- IT'S A
GREAT MORASS, A FLOWING SEA. I THINK ANCIENT HISTORY IS VERY GOOD FOR PEOPLE BECAUSE IT'S GOT SO MUCH UNCERTAINTY IN IT.
>> BUT WHY IS IT GOOD THAT THERE'S A LOT OF MISINFORMATION? >> IT'S GOOD BECAUSE THE WORLD WE LIVE IN IS FULL OF
MISINFORMATION, AS WE HAVE LEARNED SPECTACULARLY IN RECENT YEARS, YOU KNOW? PEOPLE INVENT TRUTHS.
YOU HAVE TO BE SKEPTICAL. >> AS WE PREPARE TO LEAVE THE MUSEUM, WE COULDN'T HELP THINKING ABOUT HOW TIME TRAMPLES
EVEN THE MIGHTIEST OF EMPIRES, TURNING LAVISH GARDENS INTO UNDERGROUND PARKING LOTS. >> WHAT DO YOU THINK CALIGULA
WOULD THINK OF WHAT'S HAPPENED TO HIS GARDENS? >> Translator: I THINK HE'D BE IN TOTAL DISAGREEMENT, AND I
DON'T THINK HE'D BE VERY HAPPY THAT WE'RE SITTING ON A STAIRCASE.
>>> HOW DID A MOSAIC FROM CALIGULA'S REIGN TURN UP AS A COFFEE TABLE IN A NEW YORK CITY APARTMENT?
>>> MOZAMBIQUE'S GORONGOSA NATIONAL PARK WAS THE ENVY OF AFRICA. BEGINNING IN THE 1960s A MAN
MADE CATASTROPHE SLAUGHTERED THE ANIMALS UNTIL IT WAS SAID THERE WAS NOTHING LEFT BUT MOSQUITOS AND LAND MINES.
IN 2008, WE FOLLOWED AN AMERICAN ENT TREMENDOUS ENTREPRENEUR WHO DREAMED OF TURNING IT TO GREATNESS.
AS SCOTT PELLEY REPORTED IN DECEMBER 2022, "60 MINUTES" COULDN'T RESIST A RETURN TO GUILTY OR INNOCENT GOSA, WHEN
CARR ACCEPTEDS OUT INVITATIONS LIKE THIS. >> JUST COME SIT BY THE SUNSET BY THE LAKE IN THE CENTER OF
THIS NATIONAL PARK. I MEAN, TIME STOPS. AND YOU GET 100 COLORS OF YELLOW AND 100 COLORS OF ORANGE, AND
THEN THE DUSK SETS IN. AND THEN A FLOCK OF BIRDS GO OVER THE WATER AND THERE'S A HIPPO OVER THERE MAKING A NOISE.
AND THERE'S AN IMPALA OVER THERE. AND, YOU KNOW, IT'S LIKE, WELL, I COULD HAVE BEEN HERE 100,000
YEARS AGO AND IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN THE SAME. >> Reporter: GREG CARR'S WONDER IS ALMOST LIKE DISBELIEF.
A MILLION ACRES OF AFRICA REBORN. >> WHEN I FIRST CAME HERE IN 2004, I COULD DRIVE AROUND WITH
MY MOZAMBIQUEN FRIENDS ALL DAY LONG. AND IF WE WERE LUCKY, MAYBE WE WOULD SEE ONE BABOON OR ONE WART
HOG OR SOMETHING. NOW WE DRIVE AROUND AND IT'S AN OCEAN OF WILDLIFE. COME AROUND THE CORNER, THERE'S
A HERD OF ELEPHANTS. GO THE OTHER DIRECTION, THERE'S SOME LION CUBS. 10,000 WATER BUCK.
AND I SAY TO MYSELF, YOU KNOW WHAT? NATURE CAN REBOUND. >> THE REBOUND IS IN SOUTHEAST
AFRICA, NEAR THE CENTER OF MOZAMBIQUE. HERE, 28 YEARS OF WAR FROM THE '60s TO THE '90s KILLED AN
ESTIMATED 1 MILLION PEOPLE AND WIPED OUT 95% OF THE WILDLIFE IN GORONGOSA FOR FOOD AND PROFIT. AS THE WAR RAGED IN THE 1980s,
GREG CARR WAS A TECH ENTREPRENEUR, WHO'D MADE A FORTUNE PERFECTING VOICE MAIL. HE QUIT BUSINESS TO DEVOTE
HIMSELF TO HUMAN RIGHTS. AND IN 2004, HE MET MOZAMBIQUE'S PRESIDENT, JOACHIM CHISSANO, WHO MADE A WILD PITCH.
>> HE SAID, LOOK, PLEASE COME TO MOZAMBIQUE AND HELP US. WE WANT TO RESTORE OUR NATIONAL PARK.
>> WHEN WE FLEW OVER THIS, I SAID, THIS IS IT. >> WHEN WE MET CARR IN 2008, HIS NON-PROFIT FOUNDATION HAD SIGNED
A 20-YEAR CONTRACT WITH MOZAMBIQUE. HIS PLAN WAS TO IMPORT ANIMALS FROM ALL OVER AFRICA.
>> WELL, STEP ONE, WE HAD TO REMOVE 20,000 TRAPS AND WIRE SNARES THAT WERE LEFT IN THIS PARK, LEFTOVER FROM THE WAR.
GET RID OF ALL THOSE. BECAUSE WHEN I FIRST CAME HERE, I MEAN, WE THINK WE HAD FIVE OR SIX LIONS MAYBE.
>> IN A MILLION ACRES. >> IN A MILLION ACRES. AND THE LIONS THAT WE DID HAVE, MOST OF THEM HAD THREE LEGS
BECAUSE THEY'D STEPPED ON A TRAP OR SOMETHING. SECOND, SOME OF THE SPECIES WERE GONE COMPLETELY.
SO, WE BRING IN 200 BUFFALO. WE BRING IN 200 WILD BEAST. WHEN YOU'VE GOT ENOUGH HERBIVORES, YOU WANT THE
CARNIVORES BACK. WE REINTRODUCED LEOPARDS. THE LIONS ALL BY THEMSELVES, THEIR NUMBERS TOOK OFF.
FROM FIVE OR SIX LIONS, WE NOW HAVE PROBABLY 200. >> GORONGOSA'S LION CONSERVATION IS URGENT BECAUSE SINCE 1950,
AFRICA'S LION POPULATION HAS FALLEN FROM HALF A MILLION TO 20,000 DUE TO HABITAT LOSS AND HUNTING.
WE SAW HOW GORONGOSA IS PROTECTING ITS LIONS ON A MISSION WITH PARK VETERINARIAN ANTONIO
ANTONIO PAOLO. PAOLO FIRED A TRANQUILIZER DART -- >> RIGHT ON TARGET.
>> -- AND A 300-POUND LIONESS LED US ON A CHASE. SHE LEFT US BEHIND, BUT SHE COULDN'T OUTRUN THE SEDATIVE.
>> THERE SHE IS. >> SLEEPING. >> SHE'D BE OUT ABOUT AN HOUR, AS DR. PAOLO CHANGED HER GPS
RECORDER. A BIT OF EAR WAS NICKED FOR GENETIC TESTS. AND THEN THERE WAS A SURPRISE.
>> YOU THINK SHE'S PREGNANT? >> YEAH. SHE LOOKS LIKE PREGNANT. >> AND THERE IS THE FUTURE OF
THE PARK. >> YES, THE FUTURE CUBS OF THE PARK. >> LATER, SHE AWOKE AND HEADED
OUT WITH HER FUTURE CUB. >> I NEVER IMAGINED IT WOULD GO SO WELL OR SO FAST. IN 2018, WE DID AN AERIAL
SURVEY. SO, COUNTING ONLY THE BIG ANIMALS, WE COUNTED 100,000 LARGE ANIMALS FROM THE AIR.
>> Reporter: THRILLED AS HE IS, IT WASN'T WILDLIFE THAT DREW THIS 63-YEAR-OLD IDAHO NATIVE TO AFRICA.
IN 2008, HE INTRODUCED US TO THE 200,000 PEOPLE LIVING AROUND THE PARK, SURVIVORS OF THE WARS, LIVING ON A DOLLAR A DAY.
>> PEOPLE HAVE NOTHING. THEY DIDN'T HAVE CLOTHES. THEY WERE WEARING RAGS OR MADE CLOTHES OUT OF TREE BARK.
THEY WERE EATING INSECTS AND TRYING TO CATCH MICE. THAT'S WHEN IT STRUCK ME, THIS NATIONAL PARK'S GOING TO HAVE TO
HELP THE PEOPLE. >> Reporter: TODAY, GORONGOSA NATIONAL PARK EMPLOYS 1,600 WORKERS.
TOURISM BRINGS IN CASH, WHICH GOES TO THE PEOPLE AND TO THE PARK. AND GREG CARR HAS PARTNERED WITH
THE GOVERNMENT ON HEALTH CARE AND EDUCATION. CARR IS THE BIGGEST DONOR, BUT U.S. FOREIGN AID KICKS IN ABOUT
6 MILLION A YEAR. >> WE NOW WORK IN 89 PRIMARY SCHOOLS, WHICH IS EVERY SINGLE SCHOOL THAT SURROUNDS THIS
NATIONAL PARK. WE'RE TRAINING 600 SCHOOL TEACHERS RIGHT NOW. NOW, THINK ABOUT HOW DIFFICULT
IT IS TO CREATE A SCHOOL SYSTEM WHEN YOU DON'T HAVE SCHOOL TEACHERS THAT KNOW HOW TO READ AND WRITE BECAUSE OF GENERATIONS
OF WAR. NOW, SOMETHING WE REALLY FOCUSED ON AS STEP ONE WAS REALLY VULNERABLE GIRLS.
A LOT OF TIMES WHAT HAPPENS IN THE POOR FAMILIES AROUND HERE, A GIRL TURNS 13 OR 14, AND THE FAMILY SAYS, WELL, IT'S TIME FOR
HER TO GET MARRIED. IT MAY NOT BE WHAT THEY WANT, BUT THEY THINK THERE'S NO OTHER CHOICE.
SHE MARRIES A FARMER, AND THAT'S IT. SO, WE STARTED SOMETHING CALLED THE GIRLS CLUB.
>> THERE ARE 3,000 GIRLS IN 92 AFTERSCHOOL CLUBS. THE PROGRAM IS LED BY LARISSA SOUSA.
>> WHY IS THIS THE JOB OF A CONSERVATION PARK? >> WHY NOT? IT SHOULD BE THE JOB FOR
EVERYONE. EDUCATION IS FOR EVERYONE. >> THE CLUBS PROVIDE THE RESOURCES TO GET THE GIRLS INTO
HIGH SCHOOL, AND IT GIVES STUDENTS AN ANSWER TO OUR QUESTION, WHICH FIVE YEARS AGO WOULDN'T HAVE MADE SENSE.
WHAT DO YOU WANT TO BE? WE HAVE A TEACHER, A NURSE, A CONSERVATION PARK RANGER, AND ANOTHER NURSE.
>> ANOTHER NURSE, YES. WHEN WE STARTED THE PROGRAM, THEY DIDN'T KNOW THAT THEY HAD THIS CHOICE.
>> AND NOW THEY DO. >> NOW THEY DO. >> THIS LAND BELONGS TO THESE PEOPLE.
THEY'VE BEEN HERE FOREVER. IT'S THEIR ANIMALS. IT'S THEIR LAND. IT'S THEIR TREES.
IT'S THEIR CULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL HERITAGE. IT'S AN IDEA THAT CAME FROM MY HERO, NELSON MANDELA.
THE IDEA WAS TO CREATE A HUMAN RIGHTS PARK. WHAT DOES THAT MEAN, RIGHT? A PARK THAT CARES ABOUT THE
PEOPLE, A PARK THAT BELONGS TO THE PEOPLE. SO, INSTEAD OF A PARK TURNING ITS BACK ON THE PEOPLE, A PARK
OPENING ITSELF TO PEOPLE SAYING, THIS IS YOUR PARK, THIS IS YOUR ANIMALS, THESE ARE YOUR OPPORTUNITIES.
SPORN [ SINGING IN GLOBAL LANGUAGE ] WE SAW THOSE OPPORTUNITIES ON MOUNT GUILTY OR INNOCENT GOSA,
WHICH WAS STRIPPED OF TREES DURING THE WARS. HERE CARR'S NON-PROFIT FOUNDATION IS GIVING AWAY COFFEE
TREES. 868 FAMILY FARMERS WORKING FOR THEMSELVES ARE EARNING FAR MORE THAN EVER, SO THEY CAN'T PLANT
TREES FAST ENOUGH, WHICH REFOREST THE MOUNTAIN. CARR'S FOUNDATION BUYS THE BEANS AT ABOVE THE MARKET RATE AND
BUILT THE FARMERS A ROASTING PLANT. THERE'S NO BETTER EXAMPLE OF CARR'S MODEL FOR LIFTING PEOPLE
AND HEALING THE WILD. IT'S WORKING. BUT THE LAST 14 YEARS HAVEN'T BEEN SWEET MUSIC ALONE.
SINCE WE WERE HERE IN 2008, THERE HAVE BEEN ENORMOUS ROAD BLOCKS TO THIS PROJECT. >> THAT'S RIGHT.
IF I HAD KNOWN THEN WHAT WAS GOING TO COME. >> WHAT CAME WAS ANOTHER CIVIL WAR IN 2013.
AND THEN IN 2019, A CYCLONE LEVELLED 100,000 HOMES. >> THERE WAS THE SIX YEARS OF WAR, AND THEN THE CYCLONE.
WHEN CYCLONE IDAI HIT, BASICALLY EVERY ONE OF OUR EMPLOYEES BECAME A FIRST RESPONDER. SO, IN OTHER WORDS, OH, THERE'S
AN ELEPHANT RIGHT THERE. >> THERE CERTAINLY IS. >> WE JUST HAVE TO STOP AND SAY MELLOW TO THE ELEPHANT.
>> WE COULDN'T FIND THE WILDLIFE IN 2008 -- >> AND NOW THEY'RE INTERRUPTING OUR INTERVIEW.
>> AND NOW THEY'RE WALKING IN ON THE INTERVIEW. >> WELL. >> WAS THERE EVER A TIME THAT
YOU THOUGHT TO YOURSELF, I DID MY BEST BUT THIS JUST ISN'T GOING TO BE HUMANLY POSSIBLE. >> NOT FOR A SECOND.
NOT FOR ONE SECOND. >> WITH THE CYCLONES, WITH THE RETURN OF THE CIVIL WAR. >> I JUST THINK EVERY TIME
SOMETHING LIKE THAT HAPPENS, IT JUST MAKES YOU MORE DETERMINED, NOT LESS DETERMINED. AND WHEN YOU'VE GOT PEOPLE
SUFFERING IN A WAR THAT NEED HELP OR PEOPLE SUFFERING IN A CYCLONE THAT NEED HELP, YOU'RE MORE COMMITTED.
YOU DON'T LOSE COMMITMENT AT A TIME LIKE THAT. >> WE SAW COMMITMENT IN THE RANGERS WHO PROTECT THE PARK.
[ SINGING IN GLOBAL LANGUAGE ] FOR THE FLORA AND THE FAUNA THEY SING, WE WILL DIE FOR OUR PARK. PART OF WHAT THEY PROTECT ARE
ENDANGERED SPECIES, INCLUDING THIS MAMMAL WITH A BOTTOMLESS TASTE FOR TERMITES. PENG LYNNS ARE HUNTED FOR THEIR
SCALES, WHICH ARE PRIZED IN FOLK MEDICINE. MERCIA ANGELA TELLS US THAT PENG LYNNS RIDE ON THEIR MOTHERS'
BACKS. BUT WE FOUND ANY BACK WILL DO. >> HE NATURALLY GOES RIGHT UP TO THE SHOULDER AND HANGS ON YOUR
BACK. >> YEAH. >> POWERFUL TAIL. >> YEAH.
THE TAIL IS VERY POWERFUL. THEY'RE ALSO USED FOR PROTECTION. >> I'M SURPRISED THEY'RE SO
DOCILE. I MEAN, THIS IS A WILD ANIMAL. >> YES, IT'S A WILD ANIMAL. >> SUCCESS.
>> BUT FOR US, THE MOST INTERESTING ANIMAL IN THE PARK -- [ SPEAKING IN A GLOBAL
LANGUAGE ] >> -- IS GREG CARR, AN ENTREPRENEUR WITH THE EMPATHY TO SEE, THE HUMILITY TO LISTEN, AND
THE OPTIMISM TO ACT. HIS BUSINESS MODEL IS CREATING A NEW ECOSYSTEM, WHERE ANIMALS THAT WERE HUNTED ARE SUDDENLY
WORTH MUCH MORE ALIVE. >> HOW MUCH OF YOUR PERSONAL FORTUNE HAVE YOU PUT INTO THIS? >> WELL, I'D LIKE TO KEEP THAT A
SECRET. BUT UNFORTUNATELY I THINK, YOU KNOW, YOU COLD PROBABLY DO THE MATH AND FIGURE IT OUT.
IT'S MORE THAN $100 MILLION. MY MESSAGE TO ANYBODY WITH MONEY IS -- WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO? STICK IT ALL IN YOUR CASKET?
WHY NOT ENJOY THE JOY OF PHILANTHROPY? I WOULD SAY TO THE BILLIONAIRE NEXT DOOR, GO OUT AND ENJOY
SPENDING YOUR MONEY TO HELP SOME PEOPLE. >> FIND YOUR GORONGOSA. >> GO FIND YOUR GORONGOSA.
AND IT WILL BLESS YOU MORE THAN YOU CAN POSSIBLY EVER BLESS IT.
. >>> I'M JON WERTHEIM. THANKS FOR JOINING US.