>>> WHAT'S IT LIKE TO HAVE A LONG CONVERSATION WITH THE POPE? YOU'RE ABOUT TO FIND OUT. >> WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE WORLD,
WHAT GIVES YOU HOPE? >> Translator: EVERYTHING. YOU SEE TRAGEDIES, BUT YOU ALSO SEE SO MANY BEAUTIFUL THINGS.
>> A WIDE-RANGING INTERVIEW WITH POPE FRANCIS ON "60 MINUTES." >>> TONIGHT, THE STORY OF TWO AMERICANS WITH TOP SECURITY
CLEARANCES AND HOW THEY SPIED ON BEHALF OF CUBA, WHICH BARTERED AND SOLD AMERICA'S SECRETS TO ITS ENEMIES AROUND THE WORLD.
>> DO YOU THINK THERE ARE OTHER ANA MONTES' IN THE GOVERNMENT RIGHT NOW? >> OH, ABSOLUTELY.
ABSOLUTELY. >> THAT'S CHILLING. >> THERE'S NO DOUBT THAT THE CUBANS ARE STILL PENETRATING OUR
GOVERNMENT WITH INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE LOYAL TO THEM AND NOT TO US. >>> THE MOST DANGEROUS ANIMAL IN THE WORLD IS MAN BECAUSE OTHER
ANIMALS WILL HURT YOU IF THEY'RE HUNGRY OR IT'S THEIR NATURE OF HUNTING. BUT MAN CAN TURN INTO AN ANIMAL
IN NO TIME. ALL HE NEEDS IS PERMISSION. >> A UNIQUE NEW PLAY WITH LESSONS FROM THE PAST THAT POSE
A WARNING FOR TODAY. >> TO THIS IMAGE. >> I'M LESLEY STAHL. >> I'M BILL WHITAKER.
>> I'M ANDERSON COOPER. >> I'M SHARYN ALFONSI. >> I'M JON WERTHEIM. >> I'M CECILIA VEGA.
>> I'M NORAH O'DONNELL. >> I'M SCOTT PELLEY. THOSE STORIES AND MORE TONIGHT ON "60 MINUTES."
>>> FRANCIS IS THE FIRST POPE FROM THE AMERICAS, THE FIRST OF HIS NAME, AND MORE THAN ANY OTHER POPE IN RECENT MEMORY HAS
DEDICATED HIS LIFE AND MINISTRY TO THE POOR, THE PERIPHERAL, AND THE FORGOTTEN, ALL WHILE LEADING THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON
DIFFICULT, SOMETIMES CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES THAT NOT EVERYONE SUPPORTS. WE WERE GRANTED A RARE INTERVIEW
AT THE VATICAN AND SPOKE TO HIM IN HIS NATIVE SPANISH THROUGH A TRANSLATOR FOR MORE THAN AN HOUR.
NOT LOST IN TRANSLATION WAS THE 87-YEAR-OLD'S WARMTH, INTELLIGENCE, AND CONVICTION. WE BEGIN BY DISCUSSING THE
CHURCH'S FIRST WORLD CHILDREN'S DAY. NEXT WEEKEND, POPE FRANCIS WILL WELCOME TENS OF THOUSANDS OF
YOUNG PEOPLE TO THE VATICAN, INCLUDING REFUGEES OF WAR. >> DURING WORLD CHILDREN'S DAY, THE U.N. SAYS OVER A MILLION
PEOPLE WILL BE FACING FAMINE IN GAZA, MANY OF THEM CHILDREN. >> Translator: NOT JUST IN GAZA. THINK OF UKRAINE.
MANY KIDS FROM UKRAINE COME HERE. YOU KNOW SOMETHING? THAT THOSE CHILDREN DON'T KNOW
HOW TO SMILE. I'LL SAY SOMETHING TO THEM. THEY HAVE FORGOTTEN HOW TO SMILE.
AND THAT IS VERY PAINFUL. >> DO YOU HAVE A MESSAGE FOR VLADIMIR PUTIN WHEN IT COMES TO UKRAINE?
>> Translator: PLEASE, WARRING COUNTRIES, ALL OF THEM, STOP. STOP THE WAR. YOU MUST FIND A WAY OF
NEGOTIATING FOR PEACE. STRIVE FOR PEACE. A NEGOTIATED PEACE IS ALWAYS BETTER THAN AN ENDLESS WAR.
>> WHAT'S HAPPENING IN ISRAEL AND GAZA HAS CAUSED SO MUCH DIVISION, SO MUCH PAIN AROUND THE WORLD.
I DON'T KNOW IF YOU'VE SEEN IN THE UNITED STATES BIG PROTESTS ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES AND GROWING ANTI-SEMITISM.
WHAT WOULD YOU SAY ABOUT HOW TO CHANGE THAT? >> Translator: ALL IDEOLOGY IS BAD.
AND ANTI-SEMITISM IS AN IDEOLOGY, AND IT IS BAD. ANY ANTI IS ALWAYS BAD. YOU CAN CRITICIZE ONE GOVERNMENT
OR ANOTHER, THE GOVERNMENT OF ISRAEL, THE PALESTINIAN GOVERNMENT. YOU CAN CRITICIZE ALL YOU WANT,
BUT NOT ANTI-A PEOPLE, NEITHER ANTI-PALESTINIAN OR ANTI-SEMITIC, NO. >> I KNOW YOU HAVE CALLED FOR
PEACE. YOU HAVE CALLED FOR A CEASEFIRE IN MANY OF YOUR SERMONS. CAN YOU HELP NEGOTIATE PEACE?
>> Translator: WHAT I CAN DO IS PRAY. I PRAY A LOT FOR PEACE. AND ALSO TO SUGGEST, PLEASE
STOP. NEGOTIATE. >> PRAYER HAS BEEN AT THE CENTER OF THE POPE'S LIFE SINCE HE WAS
BORN JORGE MARIO BERGOGLIO INTO A FAMILY OF ITALIAN IMMIGRANTS. BEFORE ENTERING THE SEMINARY, BERGOGLIO WORKED AS A CHEMIST.
HIS OWN PERSONAL FORMULA IS SIMPLICITY. HE STILL WEARS THE PLAIN SILVER CROSS HE WORE AS THE ARCHBISHOP
OF BUENOS AIRES, THOUGH IT'S NOT WHAT THE POPE WEARS. HE CHOSE THE VATICAN GUEST HOUSE, CASA SANTA MARTA, AS HIS
HOME. WE MET HIM THERE UNDER A PAINTING OF THE VIRGIN MARY. SURROUNDED BY THE SACRED,
FRANCIS HAS NOT FORSAKEN HIS SENSE OF HUMOR, EVEN WHEN DISCUSSING SERIOUS SUBJECTS, LIKE THE MIGRANT CRISIS.
>> MY GRANDPARENTS WERE CATHOLIC, IMMIGRATED FROM NORTHERN IRELAND IN THE 1930s TO THE UNITED STATES, SEEKING A
BETTER LIFE. AND I KNOW YOUR FAMILY, TOO, FLED FASCISM. AND YOU HAVE TALKED ABOUT, WITH
MIGRANTS, WITH OF THEM CHILDREN, THAT YOU ENCOURAGE GOVERNMENTS TO BUILD BRIDGES, NOT WALLS. >> Translator: MIGRATION IS
SOMETHING THAT MAKES A COUNTRY GROW. THEY SAY THAT YOU IRISH MIGRATED AND BROUGHT THE WHISKEY AND THAT
THE ITALIANS MIGRATED AND BROUGHT THE MAFIA. IT'S A JOKE. DON'T TAKE IT BADLY.
BUT MIGRANTS SOMETIMES SUFFER A LOT. THEY SUFFER A LOT. >> I GREW UP IN TEXAS, AND I
DON'T KNOW IF YOU'VE HEARD, BUT THE STATE OF TEXAS IS ATTEMPTING TO SHUT DOWN A CATHOLIC CHARITY ON THE BORDER WITH MEXICO THAT
OFFERS UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THAT? >> Translator: THAT IS MADNESS,
SHEER MADNESS. TO CLOSE THE BORDER AND LEAVE THEM THERE, THAT IS MADNESS. THE MIGRANT HAS TO BE RECEIVED.
THEREAFTER YOU SEE HOW YOU'RE GOING TO DEAL WITH THEM. MAYBE YOU HAVE TO SEND THEM BACK.
I DON'T KNOW. BUT EACH CASE OUGHT TO BE CONSIDERED HUMANELY, RIGHT? >> Reporter: A FEW MONTHS AFTER
BECOMING POPE, FRANCIS WENT TO A SMALL ITALIAN ISLAND NEAR AFRICA TO MEET MIGRANTS FLEEING POVERTY AND WAR.
>> YOUR FIRST TRIP AS POPE WAS AN ISLAND OF -- WHERE YOU TALKED ABOUT SUFFERING. AND I WAS SO STRUCK WHEN YOU
TALKED ABOUT THE GLOBALIZATION OF INDIFFERENCE. WHAT IS HAPPENING? >> Translator: DO YOU WANT ME TO
STATE IT PLAINLY? PEOPLE WASH THEIR HANDS. THERE ARE SO MANY PONTIUS PILATES ON THE LOOSE OUT THERE,
WHO SEE WHAT IS HAPPENING -- THE WAR, THE INJUSTICE, THE CRIMES. THAT'S OKAY, THAT'S OKAY, AND WASH THEIR HANDS.
IT'S INDIFFERENCE. THAT IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE HEART HARDENS IS BECOMES INDIFFERENT.
PLEASE, WE HAVE TO GET OUR HEARTS TO FEEL AGAIN. WE CANNOT REMAIN INDIFFERENT IN THE FACE OF SUCH HUMAN DRAMAS.
THE GLOBALIZATION OF INDIFFERENCE IS A VERY UGLY DISEASE. VERY UGLY.
>> POPE FRANCIS HAS NOT BEEN INDIFFERENT TO THE CHURCH'S MOST INSIDIOUS SCANDAL, THE RAMPANT SEXUAL ABUSE OF HUNDREDS OF
THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN WORLDWIDE FOR DECADES. >> YOU HAVE DONE MORE THAN ANYONE TO TRY AND REFORM THE
CATHOLIC CHURCH AND REPENT FOR YEARS OF UNSPEAKABLE SEXUAL ABUSE AGAINST CHILDREN BY MEMBERS OF THE CLERGY.
BUT HAS THE CHURCH DONE ENOUGH? >> Translator: IT MUST CONTINUE TO DO MORE. UNFORTUNATELY, THE TRAGEDY OF
THE ABUSES IS ENORMOUS. AND AGAINST THIS, AN UPRIGHT CONSCIENCE. AND NOT ONLY TO NOT PERMIT IT
BUT TO PUT IN PLACE THE CONDITIONS SO THAT IT DOES NOT HAPPEN. >> YOU HAVE SAID, ZERO
TOLERANCE. >> Translator: IT CANNOT BE TOLERATED. WHEN THERE IS A CASE OF A
RELIGIOUS MAN OR WOMAN WHO ABUSES, THE FULL FORCE OF THE LAW FALLS UPON THEM. IN THIS, THERE HAS BEEN A GREAT
DEAL OF PROGRESS. >> Reporter: IT'S FRANCIS' CAPACITY FOR FORGIVENESS AND OPENNESS THAT HAS DEFINED HIS
LEADERSHIP OF THE CHURCH'S NEARLY 1.4 BILLION CATHOLICS. HE PUT THEM AND THE WORLD ON NOTICE DURING AN IMPROMPTU PRESS
CONFERENCE ON A PLANE IN 2013 WHEN HE SPOKE ON THE SUBJECT OF HOMOSEXUALITY. IF SOMEONE IS GAY, HE SAID, AND
HE SEARCHES FOR THE LORD AND HAS GOODWILL, GOOD WILL, WHO AM I TO JUDGE? AND HE DID NOT STOP THERE.
>> LAST YEAR YOU DECIDED TO ALLOW CATHOLIC PRIESTS TO BLESS SAME-SEX COUPLES. THAT'S A BIG CHANGE.
WHY? >> Translator: NO. WHAT I ALLOWED WAS NOT TO BLESS THE UNION.
THAT CANNOT BE DONE BECAUSE THAT IS NOT THE SACRAMENT. I CANNOT. THE LORD MADE IT THAT WAY.
BUT TO BLESS EACH PERSON, YES. THE BLESSING IS FOR EVERYONE. FOR EVERYONE. TO BLESS A HOMOSEXUAL-TYPE
UNION, HOWEVER, GOES AGAINST THE GIVEN RITE, AGAINST THE LAW OF THE CHURCH. BUT TO BLESS EACH PERSON, WHY
NOT? THE BLESSING IS FOR ALL. SOME PEOPLE WERE SCANDALIZED BY THIS, BUT WHY?
EVERYONE -- EVERYONE. >> YOU HAVE SAID, WHO AM I TO JUDGE? HOMOSEXUALITY IS NOT A CRIME.
>> Translator: NO. IT'S A HUMAN FACT. >> THERE ARE CONSERVATIVE BISHOPS IN THE UNITED STATES
THAT OPPOSE YOUR NEW EFFORTS TO REVISIT TEACHINGS AND TRADITIONS. HOW DO YOU ADDRESS THEIR
CRITICISM? >> Translator: YOU USED AN ADJECTIVE, CONSERVATIVE. THAT IS, CONSERVATIVE IS ONE WHO
CLINGS TO SOMETHING AND DOES NOT WANT TO SEE BEYOND THAT. IT IS A SUICIDAL ATTITUDE BECAUSE ONE THING IS TO TAKE
TRADITION INTO ACCOUNT, TO CONSIDER SITUATIONS FROM THE PAST. BUT QUITE ANOTHER IS TO BE
CLOSED UP INSIDE A DOGMATIC BOX. >> Reporter: POPE FRANCIS HAS PLACED MORE WOMEN IN POSITIONS OF POWER THAN ANY OF HIS
PREDECESSORS. BUT HE TOLD US HE OPPOSES ALLOWING WOMEN TO BE ORDAINED AS PRIESTS OR DEACONS.
FRANCIS' DEVOTION TO TRADITIONAL DOCTRINE LED ONE VATICAN REPORTER TO NOTE THAT HE'S CHANGED THE TUNE OF THE CHURCH,
BUT THE LYRICS ESSENTIALLY REMAIN THE SAME. THIS FRUSTRATES THOSE WHO WANT TO SEE HIM CHANGE POLICY ON
ROMAN CATHOLIC PRIESTS MARRYING, CONTRACEPTION, AND SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD. >> I KNOW WOMEN WHO ARE CANCER
SURVIVORS WHO CANNOT BEAR CHILDREN, AND THEY TURN TO SURROGACY. THIS IS AGAINST CHURCH DOCTRINE.
>> Reporter: IN REGARD TO SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD, IN THE STRICTEST SENSE OF THE TERM, NO, IT IS NOT AUTHORIZED.
SOMETIMES SURROGACY HAS BECOME A BUSINESS, AND THAT IS VERY BAD. IT IS VERY BAD. >> BUT SOMETIMES, FOR SOME
WOMEN, IT IS THE ONLY HOPE. >> Translator: IT COULD BE. THE OTHER HOPE IS ADOPTION. I WOULD SAY THAT IN EACH CASE,
THE SITUATION SHOULD BE CAREFULLY AND CLEARLY CONSIDERED, CONSULTING MEDICALLY AND THEN MORALLY AS WELL.
I THINK THERE IS A GENERAL RULE IN THESE CASES, BUT YOU HAVE TO GO INTO EACH CASE IN PARTICULAR TO ASSESS THE SITUATION.
AS LONG AS THE MORAL PRINCIPLE IS NOT SKIRTED. BUT YOU ARE RIGHT. I WANT TO TELL YOU THAT I REALLY
LIKE YOUR EXPRESSION WHEN YOU TOLD ME, IN SOME CASES, IT IS THE ONLY CHANCE. IT SHOWS THAT YOU FEEL THESE
THINGS VERY DEEPLY. >> I THINK THAT'S WHY SO MANY PEOPLE HAVE FOUND HOPE WITH YOU BECAUSE YOU HAVE BEEN MORE OPEN
AND ACCEPTING, PERHAPS, THAN OTHER PREVIOUS LEADERS OF THE CHURCH. >> Translator: YOU HAVE TO BE
OPEN TO EVERYTHING. THE CHURCH IS LIKE THAT. EVERYONE, EVERYONE, EVERYONE. THAT SO AND SO IS A SINNER.
ME TOO. I AM A SINNER. EVERYONE. THE GOSPEL IS FOR EVERYONE.
IF THE CHURCH PLACES A CUSTOMS OFFICER AT THE DOOR, THAT IS NO LONGER THE CHURCH OF CHRIST. EVERYONE.
>> WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE WORLD, WHAT GIVES YOU HOPE? >> Translator: EVERYTHING. YOU SEE TRAGEDIES, BUT YOU ALSO
SEE SO MANY BEAUTIFUL THINGS. YOU SEE HEROIC MOTHERS, HEROIC MEN, MEN WHO HAVE HOPES AND DREAMS, WOMEN WHO LOOK TO THE
FUTURE. THAT GIVES ME A LOT OF HOPE. PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE. PEOPLE FORGE AHEAD.
AND PEOPLE ARE FUNDAMENTALLY GOOD. WE ARE ALL FUNDAMENTALLY GOOD. YES, THERE ARE SOME ROGUES AND
SINNERS, BUT THE HEART ITSELF IS GOOD. >> BEHIND THE SCENES AT THE VATICAN.
>> MAY GOD BLESS YOU AND PRAY FOR ME. DON'T FORGET. >> AT 60MINUTESOVERTIME
>>> LAST MONTH, A CAREER AMERICAN AMBASSADOR PLEADED GUILTY TO SPYING FOR THE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE OF CUBA.
VICTOR MANUEL ROCHA SERVED HIS COUNTRY IN POSITIONS THAT REQUIRED THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF SECURITY CLEARANCE.
FOR 40 YEARS, HE WAS A COVERT AGENT. BEFORE AMBASSADOR ROCHA WAS EXPOSED, THERE WAS ANOTHER
PROLIFIC CUBAN SPY NAMED ANA MONTES, A PENTAGON OFFICIAL WHO WAS THE LEAD ANALYST ON CUBA POLICY.
SHE SPIED FOR 17 YEARS. BUT CUBAN SPY CRAFT ISN'T JUST A RELIC OF THE COLD WAR. IT'S A REAL AND PRESENT DANGER
TO U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY. IT TURNS OUT CUBA'S MAIN EXPORT ISN'T CIGARS OR RUM. IT'S AMERICAN SECRETS, WHICH
THEY BARTER AND SELL TO AMERICA'S ENEMIES AROUND THE WORLD. >> Reporter: IT WAS 1999 AND
THEN FIRST LADY HILLARY CLINTON DANCED WITH THE PRESIDENT OF ARGENTINA AT A STATE DINNER. PRESIDENT CLINTON ALSO DANCED
THE TANGO ACROSS THE WHITE HOUSE BALLROOM. THEY WERE IN FRONT WEARING GLASSES AND THE HEIRS OF AN
ARISTOCRAT STOOD VICTOR MANUEL ROCHA. HE WAS THE NUMBER TWO DIPLOMAT AT THE U.S. EMBASSY IN BUENOS
AIRES. HE SERVED ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL AND BECAME THE AMBASSADOR TO BOLIVIA.
SEEN HERE ALONGSIDE THAT COUNTRY'S PRESIDENT. ALL THAT TIME, WHILE HAVING THE HIGHEST TOP SECRET SECURITY
CLEARANCE WITH ACCESS TO THE MOST SENSITIVE U.S. INTELLIGENCE. BUT LAST DECEMBER, ATTORNEY
GENERAL MERRICK GARLAND ANNOUNCED ROCHA'S ARREST. HE WAS CHARGED WITH SPYING FOR CUBA FOR HIS ENTIRE CAREER.
>> THIS ACTION EXPOSES ONE OF THE HIGHEST-REACHING AND LONGEST-LASTING INFILTRATIONS OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT BY A FOREIGN
AGENT. >> Reporter: IN 2022, A MAN CLAIMING TO BE A CUBAN INTELLIGENCE OFFICER CONTACTED
ROCHA AND ASKED TO MEET. ROCHA AGREED. HE HAD NO IDEA THE MAN WAS AN UNDERCOVER FBI AGENT.
OVER THREE MEETINGS IN MIAMI, THE FBI RECORDED ROCHA WITH A HIDDEN CAMERA. AND ACCORDING TO THE COMPLAINT,
ROCHA BRAGGED THAT HE GOT AWAY WITH DECADES OF SPYING BY MEMORIZING THE SECRETS HE STOLE. ROCHA TOLD THE AGENT, WHAT WE
HAVE DONE, IT'S ENORMOUS, MORE THAN A GRAND SLAM. HE CALLED THE U.S., QUOTE, THE ENEMY.
>> WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE EXTENT OF DAMAGE THAT HE DID TO NATIONAL SECURITY? >> MANUEL ROCHA DID ENORMOUS
DAMAGE TO AMERICAN SECURITY. >> BRIAN LATELL WAS THE CIA'S TOP CUBAN ANALYST AT THE HEIGHT OF THE COLD WAR.
HE SAYS IN THE 1980s, ROCHA COLD CALLED AND STRUCK UP A PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP. THEY REMAINED FRIENDS FOR
DECADES. >> YOU THINK HE APPROACHED YOU TO GET INFORMATION OUT OF YOU ULTIMATELY.
>> YES. HE NEVER GOT ANY. >> DID YOU SEE ANY SIGNS THAT HE WAS LEADING A DOUBLE LIFE?
>> NONE. >> NONE? >> NONE. >> WHAT CAN YOU TELL ME ABOUT
THE TRADE CRAFT THAT CUBA USES? >> THEY DO IT VERY, VERY WELL IN MOSTLY RUDIMENTARY FASHIONS. THE CUBANS ARE NOT FLYING
SATELLITES ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD. NEARLY ALL OF THEIR ABILITY AND SUCCESS HAS BEEN IN THE
DIMENSION OF HUMAN INTELLIGENCE. THEIR OFFICERS, THEIR INTELLIGENCE AGENTS AND OFFICERS, ARE VERY, VERY GOOD.
THEY KNOW THEIR TRADE CRAFT. THEY PRACTICE IT WITH GREAT SKILL AND WITH DISCIPLINE. AND WHEN THEY RECRUIT, THEY'RE
VERY CAREFUL ABOUT HOW THEY RECRUIT AND HOW THEY COMMUNICATE. >> AND WHAT DOES CUBA DO WITH
THE INFORMATION IT GETS FROM ALL OF THESE SPIES? >> THEY HAVE NO SCRUPLES ABOUT SHARING THE INFORMATION OR
PERHAPS MARKETING IT, SELLING IT, TO OTHER COUNTRIES. THE RUSSIANS, MAYBE THE CHINESE. IF THEY COLLECT INFORMATION
ABOUT U.S. INTENTIONS, POLICY INTENTIONS TOWARD MOSCOW OR BEIJING OR TEHRAN, IT WOULD BE OF INTEREST TO THOSE COUNTRIES.
>> Reporter: THAT WAS THIS MAN'S JOB WHEN HE WAS A CUBAN INTELLIGENCE OFFICER, ENCODING MESSAGES INTERCEPTED FROM THE
U.S. JOSE COHEN DEFECTED IN 1994. [ SPEAKING IN A GLOBAL LANGUAGE ]
CUBA SHARED THAT INFORMATION WITH ENEMIES OF THE UNITED STATES, HE TOLD US, COUNTRIES LIKE THE SOVIET FOR YEARS,
COUNTRIES LIKE NORTH KOREA, COUNTRIES LIKE IRAN HAD INFORMATION ABOUT THE OPERATION OF THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT.
>> YOU SAY CUBA MAY NOT HAVE THE WEAPONS. CUBA MAY NOT HAVE THE ARMS, BUT THEY SELL THESE SECRETS TO THE
ENEMIES OF THE UNITED STATES. "THE STRONGEST ENEMIES OF THE UNITED STATES. ALL OF THAT WAS WHAT MADE ME
REALIZE THIS WAS A BATTLE BETWEEN GOOD AND EVIL. CUBA WAS AT THE SERVICE OF ALL THE ENEMIES OF THE UNITED
STATES." AFTER JOSE COHEN SET FOOT ON U.S. SOIL, HE SHARED A VITAL PIECE OF INFORMATION WITH THE
FBI. THAT LED TO THE INVESTIGATION OF MORE THAN 100 SUSPECTED CUBAN AGENTS AND ILLEGAL OFFICERS AND
ULTIMATELY ONE VERY IMPORTANT SPY. COHEN HANDED OVER AN ENCRYPTION KEY, LIKE THIS ONE, USED BY
CUBAN SPIES TO SEND AND RECEIVE SECRET MESSAGES WITH HAVANA. >> Reporter: THREE NIGHTS A WEEK AT 9:00 P.M. AND THEN AGAIN AT
10:00, A SERIES OF NUMBERED CODES WAS BROADCAST OUT OF HAVANA. [ SPEAKING IN A GLOBAL
LANGUAGE ] >> Reporter: THE SIGNAL COULD BE HEARD FOR MOST OF THE 1990s UP THE EAST COAST AS FAR NORTH AS
MAINE. BUT THE CODED MESSAGES WERE ONLY MEANT OTO BE DECODED BY THEIR AGENTS, INCLUDING ANA MONTES,
WHO LIVED IN THIS QUIET WASHINGTON NEIGHBORHOOD. >> THIS IS WHERE SHE DID ALL OF THE BUSINESS, ALL OF THE SPY
BUSINESS? >> EXACTLY. SHE WOULD LISTEN TO THE HIGH FREQUENCY MESSAGES UPSTAIRS,
TUESDAY, THURSDAY, SATURDAY NIGHT. SHE WOULD TYPE UP HER MESSAGES IN HER COMPUTER IN HER BEDROOM
RIGHT UP HERE. THIS IS THE AREA SHE LIVED IN CAMOUFLAGED, THE FACT SHE WAS COMMITTING ESPIONAGE RIGHT HERE.
>> Reporter: PETER LAPP IS A RETIRED FBI SPECIAL AGENT WHO WAS ON THE TEAM THAT LED THE MONTES INVESTIGATION.
>> HOW DID SHE DO IT? >> SHE WENT TO WORK, MEMORIZED THREE THINGS EVERY DAY, WENT HOME, AND ALL CLASSIFIED, AND
WOULD WRITE THEM UP OR TYPE THEM UP. AND THEN EVERY TWO OR THREE WEEKS, SHE WOULD MEET IN PERSON
AT LUNCH, BROAD DAYLIGHT, TWO TO THREE HOURS OVER LUNCH. >> MAYBE I'VE SEEN TOO MANY MOVIES.
WHEN I THINK SPIES, I'M THINKING DARK OF NIGHT, PARK BENCH, SECRET CAMERAS, FANCY GADGETS. >> RIGHT.
>> THAT WASN'T HER? >> EVERYONE WHO WORKS FOR THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY GOES HOME WITH CLASSIFIED INFORMATION IN
THEIR HEAD. AND YOU CAN'T STOP THAT WITH GUARDS AND TECHNOLOGY. IT'S JUST -- IT'S UNDEFEATABLE.
>> LAPP WROTE A BOOK ON THE FBI INVESTIGATION INTO MONTES. HE TOLD US, HAVANA DOESN'T PAY ITS SPIES, SO AMERICANS WHO SPY
FOR CUBA DON'T DO IT FOR MONEY BUT RATHER ARE DRIVEN BY IDEOLOGY. AMBASSADOR ROCHA WAS RECRUITED
IN THE LATE 1970s, INFLUENCED, HE NOW SAYS, BY THE RADICAL POLITICS OF THE DAY. MONTES WAS A STUDENT AT THE
JOHNS HOPKINS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN THE 1980s AND WAS OUTSPOKEN ABOUT HER ANGER TOWARD U.S. POLICY AND
LATIN AMERICA, WHEN SHE WAS RECRUITED BY A CUBAN INTELLIGENCE OFFICER. MONTES' FATHER WAS A U.S. ARMY
DOCTOR AND HER SIBLINGS WORKED FOR THE FBI. ONE OF HER FIRST JOBS OUT OF GRADUATE SCHOOL WAS AS AN
ANALYST AT THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. >> SO, ANA MONTES WAS ALREADY A FULL-FLEDGED CUBAN SPY FROM THE
MOMENT THAT SHE SET FOOT INSIDE THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. >> SHE WALKED IN FULLY RECRUITED DAY ONE.
ONLY WENT TO DIA FOR THE PURPOSE OF SPYING FOR THE CUBANS. AND WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT THE OTHER FOLKS THAT HAVE BEEN
ARRESTED FOR ESPIONAE, MOST START LOYAL. THEY TAKE THE OATH. THEY INTEND TO ABIDE BY THAT
OATH. BUT THEN SOMETHING HAPPENS AND THEY FLIP. AND ANA'S UNIQUE IN THE SENSE
THAT SHE WALKED IN FROM DAY ONE AND WAS AN INSIDER THREAT AND ONLY WENT FOR THE PURPOSE OF SPYING FOR THE CUBANS.
>> HOW DOES A CUBAN SPY WALK THROUGH THE DOORS OF THE DIA AND GET A JOB? SHE DIDN'T HAVE TO TAKE A
POLYGRAPH? >> THEY DID NOT HAVE A POLYGRAPH PROGRAM AT THE TIME. >> Reporter: OVER THE COURSE OF
HER CAREER, SHE BECAME SUCH AN EXPERT THAT SHE WAS KNOWN IN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AS THE QUEEN OF CUBA.
ALL THE WHILE, SHE WAS EXPOSING NATIONAL SECRETS TO HAVANA. THE FBI SURVEILLED HER FOR A YEAR BEFORE HER ARREST, AS SHE
WALKED TO WORK AND CALLED HER CUBAN HANDLER. BY THAT TIME, SHE HAD REVEALED THE EXISTENCE OF A TOP SECRET
SATELLITE PROGRAM USED BY THE U.S. TO SPY ON OTHER COUNTRIES. SHE ALSO GAVE HAVANA THE NAMES OF 450 AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE
OFFICIALS WORKING ON LATIN AMERICAN ISSUES, INCLUDING FOUR UNDERCOVER OFFICERS STATIONED IN CUBA.
AND SHE GOT AWAY WITH IT FOR 17 YEARS, UNTIL SHE WAS ARRESTED IN 2001 AT HER OFFICE BY FBI SPECIAL AGENT PETER LAPP AND HIS
PARTNER, STEPHEN McCOY. >> SHE DIDN'T FIT THE PROFILE OF A TYPICAL SPY. >> NO.
BEING A WOMAN IS INCREDIBLY UNIQUE. SO, IT DOESN'T FIT THAT TYPICAL WHAT WE WOULD LOOK FOR IN A SPY,
WHICH IS MOSTLY MEN. >> MONTES PLEADED GUILTY TO ESPIONAGE. AND IN EXCHANGE FOR NOT SPENDING
THE REST OF HER LIFE IN PRISON, SHE AGREED TO TELL THE FBI EVERYTHING SHE HAD DONE. >> I WOULDN'T MIND AT ALL
MEETING TWO FRIDAYS A MONTH. >> Reporter: THROUGH A PUBLIC RECORDS REQUEST, WE OBTAINED THIS FOOTAGE SEEN HERE FOR THE
FIRST TIME OF MONTES WEARING PRISON STRIPES SPEAKING WITH FBI INVESTIGATORS. SITING MONTES' RIGHT TO PRIVACY,
THE FBI DENIED OUR REQUEST TO AUDIO, BUT WE OBTAINED A TRANSCRIPT OF THE FIRST DAY WHERE MONTES DESCRIBED HOW DEEP
IN SHE WAS. SHE SAYS, EVER SINCE I STARTED HELPING THE CUBANS, THERE'S BEEN NO HALFWAY.
I DON'T KNOW HOW A PERSON DOES IT WITHOUT FEELING MORALLY BOUND. IT'S A FULL COMMITMENT,
MENTALLY, PHYSICALLY, EMOTIONALLY. I FEEL THAT WHAT I DID WAS MORALLY RIGHT, THAT I WAS
FAITHFUL TO PRINCIPLES THAT WERE RIGHT. MONTES TOLD THE AGENTS HER ONLY REGRET WAS THAT SHE WAS FORCED
TO COOPERATE WITH THE FBI AS PART OF HER PLEA DEAL. IT'S TEARING ME UP, SHE SAID. BUT IF THE ONLY WAY I'M GOING TO
SE MY FAMILY AGAIN, IT'S THE ONLY WAY. AGENT LAPP SAT ACROSS FROM ANA MONTES IN THE INTERROGATION ROOM
FOR SEVEN MONTHS. HE SAID ONE OF THE MOST SOBERING MOMENTS WAS HOW FAR SHE SAID SHE WOULD BE WILLING TO GO FOR THE
CUBANS IN THE WEEKS AFTER 9/11. >> SHE SAID, IF THE CUBANS ASKED ME TO PROVIDE INTELLIGENCE ABOUT WHAT WE WERE DOING IN
AFGHANISTAN, I ABSOLUTELY WOULD HAVE DONE THAT. AND IF MEN AND WOMEN WERE KILLED AS A RESULT OF MY INTELLIGENCE
IN AFGHANISTAN, SHE TOLD US, THAT'S THE RISK THEY TOOK. >> WHAT WAS THE EXTENT OF THE DAMAGE THAT SHE DID?
>> I DO THINK SHE'S IN THAT TIER OF SOME OF THE MOST NOTORIOUS SPIES IN AMERICAN HISTORY. AND I THINK THE DAMAGE THAT SHE
DID WAS INCREDIBLY SIGNIFICANT. >> AFTER SERVING 20 YEARS IN FEDERAL PRISON, ANA MONTES WAS RELEASED IN JANUARY OF 2023.
SHE'S NOW LIVING IN PUERTO RICO, WHERE SHE HAS FAMILY AND HAS BEEN CELEBRATED BY SOME AS A HERO, SEEN HERE RECENTLY
RECEIVING AN AWARD FROM SUPPORTERS. FORMER AMBASSADOR VICTOR MANUEL ROCHA TOLD A JUDGE HE WAS DEEPLY
SORRY AND PLEADED GUILTY TO ACTING AS AN AGENT OF THE CUBAN GOVERNMENT. AT AGE 73, HE WAS SENTENCED TO
15 YEARS IN PRISON AND IS CURRENTLY COOPERATING WITH INVESTIGATORS. JUST HOW MANY STATE SECRETS HE
GAVE TO CUBA, WE MAY NEVER KNOW. NEARLY ALL THE DETAILS OF HIS SPYCRAFT REMAIN CLASSIFIED. ANA MONTES HAS YET TO PUBLICLY
EXPRESS ANY REMORSE. >> DO YOU THINK THERE ARE OTHER ANA MONTES' IN THE GOVERNMENT RIGHT NOW?
>> OH, ABSOLUTELY. ABSOLUTELY. >> THAT'S CHILLING. >> THERE'S NO DOUBT THAT THE
CUBANS AND THE RUSSIANS AND OTHERS ARE STILL PENETRATING OUR GOVERNMENT WITH INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE LOYAL TO THEM AND NOT TO US.
>>> BY THE TIME THE NEW PLAY OPENED LAST WEEK OFF BROADWAY BY ACCLAIMED WRITER AND DIRECTOR MOISES KAUFMAN, IT HAD ALREADY
BEEN NOMINATED FOR A PULITZER PRIZE. IT'S BASED ON THE TRUE STORY OF A PHOTO ALBUM FROM AUSCHWITZ
THAT WAS SENT TO THE UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM. THE ALBUM TURNED OUT TO BE THE
SCRAPBOOK OF A NAZI, AN S.S. OFFICER WHO HELPED RUN THE DAY-TO-DAY OPERATIONS OF AUSCHWITZ, WHERE ABOUT
1.1 MILLION PEOPLE, MOSTLY JEWS, WERE MURDERED BETWEEN 1940 AND 1945. THE ALBUM DOESN'T SHOW ANY
PRISONERS OR GAS CHAMBERS. WHAT IT DOES SHOW ARE SOME OF THE MOST NOTORIOUS KILLERS IN HISTORY SEEMINGLY ENJOYING
THEMSELVES. THAT'S WHAT MUSEUM OFFICIALS FOUND SO CHILLING AND WHAT MOISES KAUFMAN SPENT 14 YEARS
CREATING A PLAY ABOUT. >> WHEN I FIRST SAW THE PHOTOGRAPHS, I GOT GOOSEBUMPS. AND I REMEMBER THINKING, YOU
KNOW, MANY OF THE PEOPLE IN MY FAMILY DIED IN AUSCHWITZ. AND THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO WERE DOING IT.
AND THEY DON'T SEEM TO HAVE ANY REMORSE. SEEING THAT IN A PHOTOGRAPH SO CLEARLY ARTICULATED IS
TERRIFYING. THIS IS TERRIFYING BECAUSE THEY ALL LOOK SO MUCH LIKE US. >> Reporter: THE PHOTOGRAPHS MAY
APPEAR UNREMARKABLE AT FIRST. S.S. OFFICERS AT DINNER PARTIES, DRINKING, SOCIALIZING, FLIRTING WITH THEIR YOUNG NAZI
SECRETARIES. BUT WHEN THESE PICTURES WERE TAKEN, THE GERMANS WERE LOSING THE WAR AND EXTERMINATING MORE
JEWS IN AUSCHWITZ THAN AT ANY OTHER TIME DURING THE HOLOCAUST. SEVERAL IMAGES SHOW AN S.S. OFFICER GIVING HIS SECRETARIES
BLUEBERRIES WHILE A MAN PLAYS AN ACCORDION. THE ENCRYPTION READS, HERE, THERE ARE BLUEBERRIES.
MOISES KAUFMAN PICKED THAT FOR THE TITLE OF HIS PLAY. >> I WANTED THE AUDIENCE TO HAVE THE EXPERIENCE THAT WE HAD
LOOKING AT THE PHOTOGRAPHS. >> WHAT WAS IT ABOUT THE SERIES OF THE WOMEN EATING BLUEBERRIES THAT SO STRUCK YOU?
>> THAT THEY WERE JUST, YOU KNOW, TEENAGE GIRLS WHO WERE SECRETARIES. EVERYBODY IS SHOWING THE
PHOTOGRAPHER THEIR EMPTY PLATES, BUT THERE'S ONE OF THE WOMEN WHO'S PRETEND CRYING. SO, SHE'S SO SAD BECAUSE SHE'S
RUN OUT OF BLUEBERRIES. AND OUTSIDE OF THE FRAME, THERE'S 1.1 MILLION PEOPLE WHO ARE BEING KILLED.
SO, HOW DO YOU LEAD YOUR DAILY LIVES AND AT THE SAME TIME PARTICIPATE IN ONE OF THE LARGEST KILLING MACHINES IN THE
HISTORY OF MANKIND? >> RAIN FROM A CLEAR SKY. >> Reporter: KAUFMAN'S PLAY IS CENTERED ON THE MUSEUM
HISTORIANS WHO WORKED WITH SURVIVORS AND EVEN DESCENDANTS OF NAZIS THEMSELVES TO UNCOVER WHAT THE ALBUM WAS.
>> THE IMAGES APPEAR TO BE STRAIGHT OUT OF A HOLIDAY SCRAPBOOK. >> Reporter: NO ONE HAD EVER
SEEN IMAGES OF THESE BEFORE. THERE WERE FEW PHOTOS AUSCHWITZ BECAUSE THE NAZIS WORKED HARD TO CONCEAL THEIR CRIMES.
KAUFMAN'S MAIN CHARACTER IS REBECCA ERBELDING, PLAYED BY ACTOR ELIZABETH STAHLMANN. >> THIS IS WHEN THE ALBUM
BECOMES AN OBSESSION FOR ME. >> Reporter: THE REAL REBECCA ERBELDING RECEIVED THE ALBUM FROM A COUNTERINTELLIGENCE
OFFICER. HE SAID HE FOUND IT IN AN ABANDONED APARTMENT IN WAR TORN FRANKFURT WHILE HUNTING DOWN
NAZI WAR CRIMINALS. HE DONATED IT TO THE MUSEUM BUT WANTED TO REMAIN ANONYMOUS. >> I DIDN'T SEE ANY TRAINS.
I DIDN'T SEE ANYTHING I RECOGNIZED. IT WAS MAYBE THE THIRD TIME GOING THROUGH IT AND THAT'S WHEN
I SAW JOE MENGELE. >> WE WENT TO A HIGH SECURITY CLIMATE CONTROLLED FACILITY IN MARYLAND, WHERE THE ORIGINAL
PAGES ARE STORED. >> THAT'S MENGELE, AND THESE ARE THE ONLY KNOWN PHOTOS OF MENGELE WHILE HE WAS STATIONED AT THE
CAMP. >> MENGELE WAS KNOWN AS THE ANGEL OF DEATH. HE CONDUCTED GRUESOME MEDICAL
EXPERIMENTS, MOSTLY ON CHILDREN, AND OFTEN STOOD ON THE PLATFORM WHEN TRAINS ARRIVED, SELECTING WHO WOULD BE SENT TO WORK AND
WHO WOULD DIE IMMEDIATELY IN GAS CHAMBERS. >> NOT ONLY IS IT MENGELE, THESE ARE SOME OF THE MOST INFAMOUS
OFFICERS AT THE CAMP. THERE YOU SEE BAER. >> RICHARD BAER IS ON THE ALBUM'S FIRST PAGE.
HE WAS THE LAST KM-- CHERISHED MEMORIES BEHIND THE SCENES OF A MASSACRE. >> MAY 1944 IS WHEN HOCKER GOT
TO AUSCHWITZ. >> THIS IS THE ENTIRETY OF HIS TIME AT AUSCHWITZ. >> BEFORE THE WAR, HOCKER HAD
BEEN A STRUGGLING BANK TELLER, BECOMING AN S.S. OFFICER AT AUSCHWITZ WAS CONSIDERED A BIG STEP UP.
>> HE HAD BEEN STAFFED AT THE MAJDANEK CAMP BEFORE THIS. HE HAD EXPERIENCE WITH GAS CHAMBERS.
HE SIGNED RECEIPTS THE RECORD ZYKLON B, THE LETHAL GAS THAT WAS USED FOR KILLING PEOPLE. HE IS A CRUCIAL COG IN THE NAZI
KILLING MACHINE. >> THE 116 PHOTOS IN THE ALBUM SHOW AUSCHWITZ HAS KARL HOCKER WANTED TO REMEMBER IT.
>> IT'S A MIX OF CANDID THINGS AND REALLY OFFICIAL. THIS IS HIS DOG. HIS DOG'S NAME IS FAVORIT.
>> WHAT'S STUNNING IS HOW -- >> NORMAL? >> YEAH. >> YEAH.
>> WHO HASN'T TAKEN A PHOTO OF THEM SHAKING THEIR DOG'S HAND. >> THIS IS NAZI CHRISTMAS. THEY KNOW THE SOVIETS ARE
COMING. THEY ARE NOT FAR. THEY CAN PROBABLY HEAR THE BOMBS.
>> AND THEY'RE LIGHTING CHRISTMAS -- >> YEAH. >> THE ALBUM REVEALS SOMETHING
ELSE MUSEUM OFFICIALS HADN'T SEEN BEFORE. THE NAZIS BUILT A VACATION RESORT AT AUSCHWITZ.
IT WAS CALLED SOLAHUTTE. REBECCA ERBELDING BELIEVES IT WAS A PARTY. THEY WERE CONGRATULATING
THEMSELVES FOR SUCCESSFULLY MURDERING MORE THAN 350,000 HUNGARIAN JEWS IN JUST 55 DAYS. >> THIS LOOKS LIKE THEY WERE
SINGING. >> THEY ARE. AND THIS FRONT ROW IS REALLY WHAT THE DIRECTOR OF THE MUSEUM
CALLS THE CHORUS OF CRIMINALS. YOU HAVE OTTO MOLL, THE HEAD OF THE GAS CHAMBER SECTION. THERE'S RUDOLF HOSS, THE FORMER
KMEN DETERMINANT. THEY'RE CELEBRATING A SUCCESSFUL MASS MURDER. >> SOMEBODY LABELLED IT A
METROPOLIS OF DEATH. AND THAT'S WHAT IT WAS. IT WORKED LIKE AN ASSEMBLYLINE FACTORY.
>> IRENE WEISS GOT TO AUSCHWITZ THE DAY AFTER KARL HOCKER STARTED WORKING THERE. SHE ARRIVED WHEN SHE WAS 13 ON A
TRAIN PACKED WITH JEWS FROM HUNGARY. SEPARATED FROM HER PARENTS AND FOUR OF HER SIBLINGS, SHE SAID
SHE FOUND HERSELF ON THE PLATFORM HOLDING HER YOUNGER SISTER, EDITH'S HAND, AS THEY APPROACHED DR. MENGELE.
>> IT WAS A MATTER OF SECONDS HE CAME DOWN BETWEEN US. HE HELD LIFE AND DEATH WITH THAT STICK.
ALL OF A SUDDEN, I WAS ALONE. >> SHE DIDN'T KNOW IT AT THAT TIME, BUT THAT MOMENT WAS CAPTURED BY A NAZI PHOTOGRAPHER
DOCUMENTING THE ARRIVAL AND PROCESSING OF HUNGARIAN JEWS. IT APPEARS IN ONE OF THE ONLY OTHER ALBUMS OF AUSCHWITZ.
THIS PHOTO HAS BEEN KOL RISED. >> THIS IS THE GROUP ALREADY GOING TO THE GAS CHAMBER. >> WHERE ARE YOU IN THIS
PICTURE? >> I AM RIGHT HERE. >> THIS IS YOU? >> THAT'S ME RIGHT HERE.
>> THIS IS THE MOMENT AFTER YOU'VE BEEN SEPARATED FROM YOUR SISTER? >> THE VERY MOMENT.
THAT'S WHAT I'M LOOKING AT. I CAN'T LEAVE. I LEFT HER. >> IRENE WEISS NEVER SAW HER
SISTER, PARENTS, OR BROTHER ALIVE AGAIN. WHAT SHE HAS IS THIS PHOTO. THAT'S HER MOTHER, SITTING ON
THE GROUND BESIDE HER BROTHERS GERSHON AND REUBEN IN AUSCHWITZ. AFTER THIS PICTURE WAS TAKEN, THEY WERE LED INTO A GAS
CHAMBER. >> THEY HAD TO KILL THE CHILDREN SO THERE WOULD NOT BE A NEW GENERATION.
THEY DISCOVERED IF THEY ALSO KILLED THE MOTHERS, THEY DIDN'T HAVE THE WORRY ABOUT THE CHAOS THAT THAT WOULD CREATE.
>> THE CHILDREN WOULDN'T BE UPSET BY BEING SEPARATED. >> AND THE MOTHERS WOULDN'T BE UPSET.
>> WEISS SPENT THE NEXT EIGHT MONTHS WORKING OUTSIDE ONE OF THOSE GAS CHAMBERS. SHE SORTED SHOES AND OTHER
BELONGINGS OF THE DEAD. >> WE SAW THESE COLUMNS OF WOMEN, MOTHERS AND CHILDREN, GOING INTO THE DOOR THERE,
TALKING TO US. AND THEY'RE TOLD THEY'RE WALKING INTO A BATH HOUSE. THEY'RE ASKING QUESTIONS, WHERE
ARE YOU FROM? AND A HALF HOUR LATER, THE CHIMNEY IS BELCHING FIRE. AND THAT WENT ON DAY AFTER DAY
AND NIGHT AFTER NIGHT. >> SO, YOU SAW THOUSANDS OF WOMEN, CHILDREN, WALKING INTO GAS CHAMBERS.
>> ABSOLUTELY. >> AND YOU TALKED TO SOME OF THEM. >> ABSOLUTELY.
>> IN THE LAST SECONDS OF THEIR LIVES, MINUTES OF THEIR LIFE. >> BUT WE COULDN'T CRY. IT WAS AN AMAZING THING.
THIS IS BEYOND CRYING. TEARS ARE FOR NORMAL PAIN. THAT KIND OF BRUTALITY FROM FELLOW MANKIND IS SO DEEP --
PEOPLE SAY BROKEN HEART. THE HEART KEEPS WORKING. BUT THE SOUL NEVER FORGETS. >> IRENE WEISS WASN'T SURPRISED
BY THE PHOTOS IN KARL HOCKER'S ALBUM. WHEN THEY WERE RELEASED PUBLICLY, THEY MADE HEADLINES
AROUND THE WORLD. TILMAN TAUBE READ ABOUT THIS IN GERMANY WHILE ON HIS LUNCH BREAK.
>> NEW PHOTOS OF AUSCHWITZ HAVE APPEARED. THIS IS INTERESTING. >> WHEN HE LOOKED AT THE PHOTOS,
SHE WAS HE WAS SURPRISED TO SEE HIS GRANDFATHER, DR. HEINZ BAUMKOTTER.
>> THE FIRST PICTURES, IT WASN'T CLEAR. BUT I FLIPPED AND IT WAS ABSOLUTELY CLEAR IT WAS HIM.
>> HE KNEW HIS GRANDFATHER WAS HEAD -- SACHSENHAUSEN, HAD DONE MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS ON PRISONERS.
BUT TAUBE WASN'T SURE WHY HIS GRANDFATHER HAD GONE TO AUSCHWITZ. HE CONNECTED WITH REBECCA r
ERBELDING AND SOON DISCOVERED HOW DEEPLY INVOLVED HIS GRANDFATHER WAS IN THE HOLOCAUST.
>> WHEN YOU SEE THAT PICTURE OF YOUR GRANDFATHER, DOES THAT FEEL LIKE YOUR GRANDFATHER? >> FOR ME, IT'S TWO DIFFERENT
PERSONS. THE GRANDFATHER I KNEW WAS A RATHER NORMAL GRANDFATHER. AND THE S.S. OFFICER IS A
DIFFERENT PERSON. >> IT'S IMPOSSIBLE TO RECONCILE THE TWO. >> IT'S DIFFICULT, DIFFICULT.
>> TAUBE NOW HELPS THE MUSEUM SEARCH FOR MORE PHOTOS AND DOCUMENTS BY REACHING OUT TO OTHER DESCENDANTS OF NAZIS.
>> OF COURSE YOU WANT TO BE PART OF SOME KIND OF MOVEMENT THAT HELPS PREVENTING THINGS LIKE THAT FROM HAPPENING AGAIN.
>> YOU KNOW YOUR GRANDFATHER AND YOU KNOW WHAT HE DID. DOES IT MAKE YOU THINK DIFFERENTLY ABOUT HUMAN BEINGS,
WHAT WE ARE ALL CAPABLE OF? >> ABSOLUTELY. ABSOLUTELY. >> HOW COULD HIGHLY EDUCATED
PHYSICIANS, PEOPLE WHOSE ENTIRE PURPOSE WAS TO HEAL, BECOME SYSTEMIC KILLERS? >> THE PLAY ABOUT THE HOCKER
ALBUM RAISES DIFFICULT QUESTIONS, NOT JUST ABOUT OUR PAST BUT ABOUT OURSELVES. >> WHEN WE LOOK AT THESE
PICTURES, WE'RE LOOKING THROUGH THE LENS OF HOW THEY SAW WHAT THEY WERE DOING. >> WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO SEE
AUSCHWITZ THROUGH THEIR EYES? >> BECAUSE THEY DIDN'T WAKE UP EACH MORNING THINKING, I'M AN EVIL MONSTER.
I'M GOING TO DO EVIL MONSTROUS THINGS. THEY WOKE UP EACH DAY AND THEY WENT ABOUT THEIR LIVES FILLED
WITH JUSTIFICATIONS AND BELIEFS IN WHAT THEY WERE DOING. >> IT MAKES ALL OF US ASK THE QUESTION, WELL, WHAT AM I
CAPABLE OF DOING? >> I THINK THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING. WHEN THE AUDIENCE COMES IN, THEY
SIT HERE AND THEY GO, WHO WOULD I HAVE BEEN IN THAT PICTURE? >> THE MOST DANGEROUS ANIMAL IN THE WORLD IS MAN BECAUSE OTHER
ANIMALS WILL HURT YOU IF THEY'RE HUNGRY OR IT'S THEIR NATURE OF HUNTING. BUT MEN CAN TURN INTO AN ANIMAL
IN NO TIME. ALL HE NEEDS IS PERMISSION. AS SOON AS PERMISSION IS GIVEN FROM HIGHER UP, FROM GOVERNMENT,
IT ACCELERATES. SEVEN A HINT OF EVEN A HINT OF PERMISSION THAT IT'S OKAY TO ATTACK THIS GROUP
OR SHAME THIS GROUP. IT'S HAP . >>> TONIGHT A FAREWELL TO OUR
56th SEASON AND TO FRANK DEVINE, WHO MADE "60 MINUTES" BETTER FOR 35 YEARS. FRANK IS RETIRING AS THE SENIOR
PRODUCER WHO IMPROVED THE WRITING OF EVERY "60 MINUTES" STORY. AS A PRODUCER FOR STEVE KROFT,
FRANK EXPLAINED THE 2008 FINANCIAL CRISIS, INTRODUCED US TO AN UNKNOWN ILLINOIS SENATOR NAMED BARACK OBAMA, AND PRODUCED
AN ALMOST UNHEARD OF INTERVIEW WITH THEN CHARLES PRINCE OF WALES. NOW WE MUST RETURN OUR COLLEAGUE
TO HIS FAMILY. WE WILL REMEMBER FRANK FOR HIS GENEROUS AND LEARNED PRESENCE, AND OUR AUDIENCE IS IN THE DEBT
OF A JOURNALIST WHO BELIEVES FACTS ARE FACTS AND WRITING FILLS THEM WITH MEANING. WE MAY NOT SEE HIS BY LINE, L.
FRANKLIN DEVINE, HER AGAIN. BUT HIS INSPIRATION ENDURES. I'M SCOTT PELLEY. WE'LL