1 00:00:07,207 --> 00:00:12,178 >>> TONIGHT ON THIS SPECIAL EDITION OF "60 MINUTES" PRESENTS, EAT, DRINK, AND BE MERRY. 2 00:00:12,245 --> 00:00:18,518 >> OVER THE YEARS I'VE KIND OF PERFECTED IT, MADE IT EASIER TO COOK. >> INA GARTEN ALSO KNOWN AS THE 3 00:00:18,585 --> 00:00:26,359 BARE FOOT CONTESSA IS A BEST SELLING AUTHOR WITH IMPRESSIVE CALLINARY CHOPS. SHE TOLD US SHE WANTS TO HELP 4 00:00:26,426 --> 00:00:34,167 PEOPLE RELAX IN THEIR KITCHENS WHILE FOLLOWING HER RECIPE FOR A GOOD LIFE. >> JOYOUS FRENCH FOOD. 5 00:00:34,234 --> 00:00:39,939 YOU'RE SLINGING FUN. >> I JUST THINK IF YOU'RE NOT HAVING FUN, WHAT'S THE POINT, REALLY? 6 00:00:40,006 --> 00:00:49,816 >> IN A CHANGING BRITAIN NO NOSTALGIA CAN RESIDE AT THE BOTTOM OF A GLASS. IN INOLD SO ENGLISH VILLAGE 7 00:00:49,883 --> 00:01:00,860 YOU'LL FIND JUST A CRICKET GREEN, A CHURCH, A FEW HOUSES, AND A PUB RESISTANT TO TIME. IT HAS BEEN IN THE FAMILY OF 8 00:01:00,927 --> 00:01:09,469 HEATHER MACAULAY FOR 200 YEARS. WE'VE TALKED TO SOME PUB OWNERS WHO SAID THEY FELT PRESSURE TO EVOLVE AND THEY'RE TRYING 9 00:01:09,536 --> 00:01:19,412 GOURMET FOOD AND DJs AND TECHNOLOGY. >> I DON'T EVEN HAVE A MOBILE PHONE. 10 00:01:19,479 --> 00:01:33,493 >> TAKE A LISTEN AS WE DID TO SONA JOBARTE AS SHE PLAYS THE KORA. WITH ITS 21 STRINGS PLAYED BY 11 00:01:33,560 --> 00:01:55,315 JUST FOUR FINGERS, TWO ON EACH HAND, IT HAS A SOUND BOTH FOREIGN AND FAMILIAR. >>> GOOD EVENING, I'M JON 12 00:01:55,381 --> 00:01:57,851 WERTHEIM. WELCOME TO "60 MINUTES" PRESENTS. IN THIS EVENING OF CELEBRATION 13 00:01:57,917 --> 00:02:05,191 WE HAVE THREE STORIES THAT OFFER OPPORTUNITIES TO EAT, DRINK, AND BE MERRYP. WE'LL ENJOY A PINT OR TWO IN THE 14 00:02:05,258 --> 00:02:12,665 STORIES PUBS OF ENGLAND AND BE ENTERTAINED BY AN AFRICAN INSTRUMENT SELDOM HEARD ON THIS CONTINENT. 15 00:02:12,732 --> 00:02:20,640 BUT WE BEGIN TONIGHT'S MENU WITH A VISIT TO INA GARTEN KNOWN AS THE BARE FOOT CONTESSA. HER COOKBOOKS HAVE SOLD MILLIONS 16 00:02:20,707 --> 00:02:25,979 OF COPIES. HER WEEKLY TELEVISION SHOW HAS RUN FOR TWO DECADES, EARNED SEVEN EMMYS, THREE JAMES BEARD 17 00:02:26,045 --> 00:02:34,153 AWARDS AND MILLIONS OF DEVOTED FANS WHO TUNED IN AS MUCH FOR THE COOKING LESSON AS THE COCKTAIL PARTY THAT TYPICALLY 18 00:02:34,220 --> 00:02:41,194 FOLLOWS. AND WHEN SHARYN ALFONSI FIRST MET HER IN OCTOBER WE LEARNED INA GARTEN ISN'T AS FREE 19 00:02:41,261 --> 00:02:47,734 WHEELING AS YOU MIGHT THINK. AS IMPRESSIVE AS HER CULINARY CHOPS MAY BE HER SUCCESS HINGES ON HARD WORK, SHREWD BUSINESS 20 00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:55,108 SENSE AND LEAVING NOTHING TO CHANCE. >> THIS IS JUST A GREAT WEEKNIGHT MEAL. 21 00:02:55,174 --> 00:02:59,612 IT'S SO EASY TO DO. DO THE FIRST STAGE. HAVE YOURSELF A GLASS OF WINE. DO THE SECOND STAGE AND DINNER 22 00:02:59,679 --> 00:03:03,483 IS READY. >> WHETHER SHE'S WHIPPING UP ONE OF HER SIGNATURE CHICKEN DISHES, SLINGING COSMOS FOR HER REAL 23 00:03:03,550 --> 00:03:15,028 LIFE FRIENDS OR SCOOPING ICE CREAM, INA GARTEN IS A CALMING PRESENCE IN THE KITCHEN, TAKING THE MYSTERY OUT OF COOKING. 24 00:03:15,094 --> 00:03:19,732 >> HOW EASY IS THAT? >> SHE'S BUILT A CULINARY EMPIRE BY MAKING IT ALL LOOK EFFORTLESS. 25 00:03:19,799 --> 00:03:27,440 >> I KNOW PEOPLE DON'T BELIEVE THIS BUT I'M REALLY A NERVOUS COOK. I'M SURE EVERY RECIPE IS GOING 26 00:03:27,507 --> 00:03:30,810 TO TURN OUT WRONG. SO I'M INCREDIBLY PRECISE. >> EVEN NOW? >> EVEN NOW. 27 00:03:30,877 --> 00:03:35,114 >> I'M THERE WITH A COOK BOOK GOING, IS IT A HALF A TEASPOON OR WHOLE? >> ARE YOU REALLY? 28 00:03:35,181 --> 00:03:41,588 >> I SPENT SO MUCH TIME GETTING THE BALANCE OF THE FLAVORS AND TEXTURES AND EVERYTHING RIGHT, I'M REALLY NOT A CONFIDENT COOK. 29 00:03:41,654 --> 00:03:53,366 >> I WOULD THINK THAT YOU WERE SWIGGING WINE AND -- >> YEAH. >> TOSSING AN HERB. 30 00:03:53,433 --> 00:03:57,704 >> LET'S KEEP THAT IMAGE GOING. HOW IS THAT? SO THIS IS MY COMMUTE TO WORK. >> OH. 31 00:03:57,770 --> 00:04:00,773 AWFUL FOR YOU. >> I KNOW. >> AT 74, THE IMAGE OF INA GARTEN WITH HER DENIM SHIRT, 32 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:06,613 CHIC SCARVES AND SIGNATURE BOB IS AS RELIABLE AS THE TRIED AND TRUE RECIPES SHE BUILT A REPUTATION ON. 33 00:04:06,679 --> 00:04:15,021 THOSE RECIPES ARE A ROAD MAP FOR HOME COOKS FROM A HOME COOK. >> PEOPLE LIKE BOBBY FLAY WORKED IN RESTAURANT KITCHENS ALL HIS 34 00:04:15,088 --> 00:04:18,658 LIFE. AND HE CAN JUST THROW THINGS TOGETHER. I'VE WATCHED HIM. 35 00:04:18,725 --> 00:04:23,630 HE'S SUCH A BRILLIANT COOK. I'M NOT THAT PERSON. I DIDN'T HAVE THAT EXPERIENCE. >> WHEN YOU SAY YOU'RE TESTING 36 00:04:23,696 --> 00:04:27,133 AND TESTING YOURSELF AT FIRST AND -- HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU HAVE TO MAKE SOMETHING BEFORE YOU -- 37 00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:31,704 >> SOMETIMES TEN TIMES. SOMETIMES 25 TIMES. >> REALLY? >> AND THEN I'LL PRINT OUT A 38 00:04:31,771 --> 00:04:39,379 PAGE AND GIVE IT TO ONE OF MY ASSISTANTS AND WATCH THEM MAKE IT. AND IT'S SO SURPRISES ME WHAT 39 00:04:39,445 --> 00:04:45,351 PEOPLE DO. >> I WAS MAKING LENTIL SALAD, WARM FRENCH LENTILS. AND SHE WAS PUTTING IN GARLIC IN 40 00:04:45,418 --> 00:04:51,190 IT. I SAID, WHAT ARE YOU DOING? SHE SAID, WELL, IT SAID CLOVES. CLOVES OF GARLIC IN IT. 41 00:04:51,257 --> 00:04:59,699 I WAS LIKE, NO, IT'S CLOVES. NOT CLOVES OF GARLIC. I THOUGHT, I NEVER WOULD HAVE MADE THAT MISTAKE, BUT SOMEBODY 42 00:04:59,766 --> 00:05:02,535 ELSE AT HOME IS GOING TO MAKE THAT MISTAKE. I WANT YOU TO FEEL LIKE I'M RIGHT THERE BESIDE YOU JUST KIND 43 00:05:02,602 --> 00:05:11,544 OF GUIDING YOU THROUGH THE RECIPE. >> SO THIS IS THE SECRET GARDEN. DON'T TELL ANYBODY ABOUT IT. 44 00:05:11,611 --> 00:05:19,018 >> GARTEN HAS BEEN GUIDING VIEWERS FROM HER HOME IN EAST HAMPTON, NEW YORK, FOR 20 YEARS. >> I LOVE THESE TOMATOES. 45 00:05:19,085 --> 00:05:23,122 >> DO YOU REALLY DO THE GARDENING? >> WELL, I POINT. >> SO, YES. 46 00:05:23,189 --> 00:05:28,294 >> YES. >> IT MAY SEEM LIKE SHE GREW OUT OF THE RICH LONG ISLAND SOIL. SHE DID NOT. 47 00:05:28,361 --> 00:05:33,266 BORN IN BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, INA ROSENBERG GREW UP IN STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT. HER DAD WAS A DOCTOR, HER MOM A 48 00:05:33,332 --> 00:05:38,604 DIETITIAN. AS A TEENAGER, SHE WAS INSTRUCTED TO STAY OUT OF THE KITCHEN AND EXCEL IN SCHOOL. 49 00:05:38,671 --> 00:05:47,880 SHE DID BOTH. SHE MET HER FUTURE HUSBAND, JEFFREY GARTEN, WHILE SHE WAS 16 YEARS OLD AND FOUR YEARS LATER 50 00:05:47,947 --> 00:05:52,685 THEY WERE MARRIED. JEFFREY, A LIEUTENANT IN THE 82nd AIRBORNE LATER TOOK HER BACKPACKING THROUGH FRANCE. 51 00:05:52,752 --> 00:05:58,157 SHE CAME HOME WITH AN AMBITIOUS MISSION. >> SO I GOT JULIA CHILDS MASTERING THE ART OF FRENCH 52 00:05:58,224 --> 00:06:04,897 COOKING AND I WORKED MY WAY THROUGH THOSE BOOKS. WHICH WERE VERY COMPLICATED RECIPES. 53 00:06:04,964 --> 00:06:09,469 THEY WERE INGREDIENTS IN EACH RECIPE THAT WAS ANOTHER RECIPE IN ITSELF. AND I LOVED THAT CHALLENGE. 54 00:06:09,535 --> 00:06:14,507 >> YOU NEVER WENT TO COOKING SCHOOL? >> NEVER WENT TO COOKING SCHOOL. >> WAS JULIA CHILDS BOOK YOUR 55 00:06:14,574 --> 00:06:24,884 COOKING SCHOOL? >> JULIA CHILDS WAS MY COOKING SCHOOL, YEAH, EXACTLY. >> HER ACTUAL DEGREE WAS IN 56 00:06:24,951 --> 00:06:29,422 ECONOMICS. AT 26, SHE HAD A JOB AT THE WHITE HOUSE ANALYZING NUCLEAR ENERGY POLICY FOR THE FORD 57 00:06:29,489 --> 00:06:34,894 ADMINISTRATION. JEFFREY WORKED AROUND THE CORNER AT THE STATE DEPARTMENT. EACH WEEKEND INA SAYS THEY 58 00:06:34,961 --> 00:06:39,799 DEVOTE THEIR TIME TO LESS BUREAUCRATIC PURSUITS LIKE MAKING A GREAT DINNER PARTY LOOK SIMPLE. 59 00:06:39,866 --> 00:06:46,806 >> TO THIS DAY I THOUGHT I NEVER MADE SOMETHING FOR A DINNER PARTY I HADN'T MADE SEVERAL TIMES. 60 00:06:46,873 --> 00:06:59,152 SO I WOULD ON MONDAY I WOULD MAKE THE ROAST LEG OF LAMB WITH TOMATOES WITH FINELY MINCED MUSHROOMS FOR JEFFREY FOR 61 00:06:59,218 --> 00:07:02,388 DINNER. >> LUCKY MAN. >> MAKE IT AGAIN ON WEDNESDAY. THEN BY SATURDAY, I KNEW HOW TO 62 00:07:02,455 --> 00:07:08,961 MAKE IT. AND THE POOR GUY WOULD GO, OH, THIS IS DELICIOUS. WHAT IS THIS? 63 00:07:09,028 --> 00:07:15,234 >> AFTER 1,000 DINNER PARTIES AND TWO ADMINISTRATIONS AT 30 YEARS OLD, INA HAD BURNED OUT OF LIFE INSIDE THE BELTWAY. 64 00:07:15,301 --> 00:07:24,977 1978 SHE SAW THIS AD IN THE BACK OF "THE NEW YORK TIMES" FOR A 400-SQUARE FOOT SPECIALTY FOOD STORE IN WEST HAMPTON, NEW YORK, 65 00:07:25,044 --> 00:07:30,817 CALLED THE BAREFOOT CONTESSA. BUT YOU HAD NEVER BEEN TO THE HAMPTONS. YOU DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO RUN A 66 00:07:30,883 --> 00:07:37,990 STORE. >> I KNEW HOW TO MAKE 12 BROWNIES FOR MY FRIENDS. BUT I CERTAINLY DIDN'T KNOW HOW 67 00:07:38,057 --> 00:07:42,962 TO MAKE 100 BROWNIES. I DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO CASH OUT THE REGISTER. SLICE SMOKED SALMON. 68 00:07:43,029 --> 00:07:45,698 TO ME BRIE WAS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE. >> WAS IT CONFIDENCE THAT ALLOWED YOU TO DO THAT? 69 00:07:45,765 --> 00:07:49,502 OR WAS IT THAT YOU WERE BEING NAIVE? >> I HAVE A VERY LOW THRESHOLD OF BOREDOM. 70 00:07:49,569 --> 00:07:56,609 I WAS REALLY BORED WITH MY JOB. AND I JUST THOUGHT THIS IS REALLY EXCITING. THIS IS WHAT I DO FOR FUN. 71 00:07:56,676 --> 00:08:00,813 AND NOW I CAN DO IT PROFESSIONALLY. AND SO I THOUGHT, I'M JUST GOING TO JUMP IN. 72 00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:08,788 THINKING, HOW HARD COULD THIS BE? OH, MY GOD. >> IT WAS REALLY HARD. 73 00:08:08,855 --> 00:08:14,894 THE GARTENS SAY THEY DOUBLE MORTGAGED THEIR HOUSE. SHE WAS WORKING 20 HOURS A DAY TO KEEP UP WITH THE CROWDS WHO 74 00:08:14,961 --> 00:08:18,231 CAME TO GAWK AT THE GOODS AND LOAD UP ON LOBSTER SALAD. SOON SHE OPENED A BIGGER SHOP IN EAST HAMPTON. 75 00:08:18,297 --> 00:08:24,337 >> IT'S VERY DELIBERATE. I WAS ALWAYS DOING RESEARCH. LOOKED LIKE I WAS HAVING A GOOD TIME WANDERING AROUND HAVING A 76 00:08:24,403 --> 00:08:34,614 PARTY. BUT IT WAS ALL CAREFUL AND DELIBERATE. >> A CALCULATING BUSINESSWOMAN, 77 00:08:34,680 --> 00:08:38,384 INA GARTEN ELEVATED THE FOOD SCENE AND SOON HAD FINICKY HAMPTON CLIENTELE FALLING OVER THEMSELVES TO HAVE THE BAREFOOT 78 00:08:38,451 --> 00:08:46,192 CONTESSA CATER THEIR WEDDINGS OR THANKSGIVING. >> AND EVERY YEAR WE WOULD PACK UP THE ORDERS WEDNESDAY NIGHT SO 79 00:08:46,259 --> 00:08:53,966 PEOPLE COULD COME IN THURSDAY MORNING, AND I WOULD USE THE VAN NEXT TO THE STORE AS A REFRIGERATOR. 80 00:08:54,033 --> 00:09:03,476 AND ONE YEAR IT WAS LIKE 33 DEGREES WHEN I WAS GOING HOME, AND I THOUGHT NO ONE WANTS A FROZEN THANKSGIVING DINNER. 81 00:09:03,542 --> 00:09:08,748 SO I DROVE THE VAN HOME. AND I SET MY ALARM FOR EVERY SINGLE HOUR ALL NIGHT TO TURN THE HEAT ON FOR A FEW MINUTES 82 00:09:08,814 --> 00:09:17,123 AND THEN GO BACK TO SLEEP. >> TO KEEP THE TURKEYS WARM. >> WELL, THE TURKEYS WE ROASTED IN THE MORNING, BUT LIKE THE 83 00:09:17,189 --> 00:09:20,860 VEGETABLES AND THE SIDES AND ALL THAT STUFF. >> AFTER 18 YEARS, SHE DECIDED TO SELL THE BAREFOOT CONTESSA IN 84 00:09:20,927 --> 00:09:28,000 1996. >> SO ONE MINUTE I'M MAKING 1,000 BAGUETTES AND THE NEXT MINUTE I HAD NOTHING -- I MEAN 85 00:09:28,067 --> 00:09:33,039 NOTHING TO DO. >> HOW WAS THAT? >> IT WAS HORRIBLE. I THOUGHT, I'M 50. 86 00:09:33,105 --> 00:09:37,710 MAYBE THAT'S THE END OF MY CAREER. >> HARDLY. THE LULL LASTED NINE MONTHS 87 00:09:37,777 --> 00:09:53,793 BEFORE GARTEN STARTED WRITING THE BAREFOOT CONTESSA COOKBOOK, THE FIRST OF 13 COOKBOOKS, NINE OF WHICH BECAME NEW YORK TIMES 88 00:09:53,859 --> 00:09:57,663 BEST SELLERS. CRUSHING BIG NAME CHEFS BY REMEMBERING THE LESSONS LEARNED AT HER SPECIALTY FOOD SHOP. 89 00:09:57,730 --> 00:10:01,400 >> I REALIZED LATER WHAT I KNEW WAS WHAT PEOPLE WANTED TO EAT AT HOME, WHICH IS ROAST CHICKEN AND ROAST CARROTS AND CHOCOLATE CAKE 90 00:10:01,467 --> 00:10:05,171 AND COCONUT CUP CAKES AND THINGS I KNEW FROM THE STORE PEOPLE BOUGHT AND TOOK HOME. >> YOU WEREN'T TRYING TO SAY, 91 00:10:05,237 --> 00:10:08,941 HERE IS EVERYTHING I KNOW. YOU WERE SAYING HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW. >> YEAH. 92 00:10:09,008 --> 00:10:11,777 HERE IS WHAT WILL MAKE YOU HAPPY AT HOME. >> HER LATEST COOK BOOK, GO-TO DINNERS WAS INSPIRED BY THE 93 00:10:11,844 --> 00:10:18,751 PANDEMIC. AND AGAIN, INA IS IN EVERY DETAIL. ONE OF THE THINGS ABOUT THE BOOK 94 00:10:18,818 --> 00:10:27,360 THAT IS NOT BY ACCIDENT IS THAT YOU CAN PUT IT ON THE COUNTER AND IT DOESN'T FLOP SHUT. >> I'M SO GLAD YOU NOTICED THAT. 95 00:10:27,426 --> 00:10:36,435 >> EARLY ON GARTEN SOUGHT OUT A PRINTER IN JAPAN SO HER COOKBOOKS WOULD LIE FLAT, WOULDN'T CLOSE WHILE COOKING. 96 00:10:36,502 --> 00:10:41,207 SHE DESIGNED THEM TO HAVE WHITE SPACE FOR NOTES AND PICTURES FOR GUIDE. SIMPLICITY IS A NON-NEGOTIABLE. 97 00:10:41,273 --> 00:10:45,111 >> DO YOU THROW SOMETHING OUT BECAUSE IT'S TOO DIFFICULT TO MAKE? >> ABSOLUTELY. 98 00:10:45,177 --> 00:10:49,281 IF I GET TO A POINT IN A RECIPE AND I GO, I'M NEVER GOING TO MAKE THIS RECIPE AGAIN, EVERYTHING GOES IN THE TRASH. 99 00:10:49,348 --> 00:10:53,085 AND IF YOU'RE EXHAUSTED BY THE TIME YOU FINISH THAT, IT'S NOT GOOD FOR THE PARTY. >> YOU'RE THINKING ABOUT THE 100 00:10:53,152 --> 00:10:59,992 PARTY ABOVE ALL THINGS. >> ALWAYS THINKING ABOUT THE PARTY. >> THE PARTY GOT REAL BIG, REAL 101 00:11:00,059 --> 00:11:09,101 FAST AFTER INA WAS INVITED TO BE ON MARTHA'S STEWART SHOW. AN OUTTAKE CAUGHT THE EYE OF A FOOD NETWORK EXECUTIVE. 102 00:11:09,168 --> 00:11:18,911 >> SHE SAID I WAS MAKING SOMETHING AND I TOOK A SPOONFUL OF IT AND TASTED IT AND GO THIS IS REALLY GOOD. 103 00:11:18,978 --> 00:11:27,420 AND MARTHA STUART'S FILM CREW SAID, CUT, YOU CAN'T TALK WITH YOUR MOUTH FULL. I WAS LIKE, WHY? 104 00:11:27,486 --> 00:11:32,792 IT'S A COOKING SHOW. >> SHE TOLD NETWORK EXECUTIVES SHE DIDN'T WANT A SHOW. GAVE IN WITH A CAVEAT. 105 00:11:32,858 --> 00:11:37,163 INSTEAD OF AN ADORING STUDIO AUDIENCE, SHE INSISTED MORE INTIMATE AFFAIR IN HER KITCHEN. SHE DIRECTED THE CAMERAS TO COME 106 00:11:37,229 --> 00:11:40,032 CLOSER SO IT FELT LIKE A DINNER PARTY. ONE OF THE THINGS I'M FASCINATED BY, THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE 107 00:11:40,099 --> 00:11:49,075 WHO WATCH YOUR SHOW WHO DON'T COOK. WHAT DO YOU THINK THE APPEAL IS? WHY ARE THEY WATCHING YOU COOK? 108 00:11:49,141 --> 00:11:53,412 >> I THINK THERE WAS A TIME WHEN MOM WAS IN THE KITCHEN COOKING FOR US. I FEEL LIKE PEOPLE ARE HANGING 109 00:11:53,479 --> 00:11:58,651 OUT WITH ME AND I'M COOKING FOR THEM. >> WHEN YOU'RE COOKING IT'S NOT ABOUT LOOK AT ME. 110 00:11:58,717 --> 00:12:04,990 >> OH, IT'S NEVER ABOUT LOOK AT ME. I'M LIKE DON'T LOOK AT ME. I'M JUST THE OPPOSITE. 111 00:12:05,057 --> 00:12:09,295 IT'S FUNNY. I HAVE A FRIEND WHO SAID EVERYBODY ELSE IS LIKE LOOK AT ME. 112 00:12:09,361 --> 00:12:13,199 LOOK AT ME. PAY ATTENTION TO ME. I'M LIKE, WELL, THIS IS WHAT I DO. 113 00:12:13,265 --> 00:12:21,307 YOU CAN DO WHATEVER THE [ BLEEP ] YOU WANT TO DO. AND I'M JUST HAVING FUN HERE. >> THE FUN CAME TO A SCREECHING 114 00:12:21,373 --> 00:12:32,651 HALT FOR INA AND EVERYONE ELSE DURING THE PANDEMIC. UNABLE TO FILM HER SHOW OR COOK FOR HER FRIENDS, GARTEN TURNED 115 00:12:32,718 --> 00:12:39,692 TO INSTAGRAM, OFFERING PRACTICAL ADVICE TO HOME COOKS. >> IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO KEEP TRADITIONS ALIVE. 116 00:12:39,758 --> 00:12:44,029 >> AND STIRRING UP SOME FUN. >> YOU NEVER KNOW WHO IS STOPPING BY. WAIT A MINUTE, NO ONE IS 117 00:12:44,096 --> 00:12:48,868 STOPPING BY. >> TWO CUPS OF VODKA AND 3 MILLION VIEWS LATER. >> DELICIOUS. 118 00:12:48,934 --> 00:12:53,239 >> WITH THE LOCKDOWN OVER, WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE INA DIDN'T HAVE TO DRINK ALONE. >> YOU DO THIS, JEFFREY ARRIVES. 119 00:12:53,305 --> 00:13:03,849 >> HI, SWEETIE. YOU KNOW SHARYN, RIGHT? >> I KNOW SHARYN. HI, SHARYN. 120 00:13:03,916 --> 00:13:10,489 >> WE MADE A RED GRAPEFRUIT PALOMA FOR YOU. HOW IS THAT? >> MR. GARTEN HAD A SUCCESSFUL 121 00:13:10,556 --> 00:13:17,530 CAREER ON WALL STREET AND SERVED AS THE DEAN OF YALE BUSINESS SCHOOL. MILLIONS OF VIEWERS KNOW HIM 122 00:13:17,596 --> 00:13:21,300 SIMPLY AS JEFFREY. >> INA CALLED YOU HER MUSE BEFORE. WHAT IS SHE TO YOU? 123 00:13:21,367 --> 00:13:31,010 >> WELL, SHE'S THE CENTER OF MY LIFE. SHE'S ACTUALLY THE FONT OF ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF FUN. 124 00:13:31,076 --> 00:13:37,283 AND SHE IS THE CENTER OF A HOME. THAT'S WHAT SHE IS TO ME. >> THANK YOU. THAT'S NOT BAD. 125 00:13:37,349 --> 00:13:40,219 >> THE COUPLE HAS BEEN MARRIED FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS. IS THIS A TYPICAL DAY AT THE HOUSE? 126 00:13:40,286 --> 00:13:45,291 >> OH, YEAH. WE HAVE COCKTAILS ALL THE TIME. >> COUPLE TIMES A DAY. >> THAT'S THE SECRET TO A HAPPY 127 00:13:45,357 --> 00:13:50,429 MARRIAGE. >> EXACTLY RIGHT. >> JUST DELICIOUS. >> THANK YOU. 128 00:13:50,496 --> 00:13:56,969 >> THE NEXT MORNING WE WENT LOOKING FOR CARS BUT IN THE HAMPTONS THE CORNER SHOP DOESN'T SELL DONUTS. 129 00:13:57,036 --> 00:14:04,910 >> THIS IS CARISSA'S. >> SO CUTE. >> ISN'T IT WONDERFUL? >> GARTEN TOOK US TO HER 130 00:14:04,977 --> 00:14:09,615 FAVORITE LOCAL BAKERY FOR A TASTE OF THE GOOD LIFE. WHAT IS IT THAT YOU LOVE ABOUT THIS SPOT? 131 00:14:09,682 --> 00:14:13,385 >> WELL, FIRST I LOVE CARISSA'S BECAUSE IT'S TWO LOCAL WOMEN. THE TWO HAVE BUILT THIS EXTRAORDINARY PLACE WITH GREAT 132 00:14:13,452 --> 00:14:17,189 QUALITY FOOD. THEY USE LOCAL INGREDIENTS IN ALMOST EVERYTHING. THEY'RE HERE EVERYDAY. 133 00:14:17,256 --> 00:14:24,763 IT JUST FEELS LIKE WHAT I USED TO DO. FEELS LIKE COMING HOME. OH, LOOK HOW FABULOUS THAT IS. 134 00:14:24,830 --> 00:14:33,372 >> THIS IS JUST WHAT I WOULD TYPICALLY HAVE FOR BREAKFAST. >> EXACTLY. >> THIS IS ALL LOVELY. 135 00:14:33,439 --> 00:14:39,645 BUT THE BACON, EGG AND CHEESE SANDWICH IS $20, A LOBSTER ROLL IS 38. >> FIRST OF ALL, IT'S ORGANIC, 136 00:14:39,712 --> 00:14:43,582 IT'S LOCAL AND THINGS ARE EXPENSIVE HERE. BUT IT'S NOT JUST A PIECE OF WHITE BREAD. 137 00:14:43,649 --> 00:14:49,355 IT'S ON A ROLL THAT CARISSA MADE. ONE OF THE LUXURIES OF BEING HERE IS THAT YOU CAN MAKE A 138 00:14:49,421 --> 00:15:01,500 REALLY GOOD QUALITY PRODUCT. >> GARTEN'S LIFE ISN'T ALL FRENCH PASTRIES AND ROSE COLORED COCKTAILS, BUT WE THOUGHT IT'S 139 00:15:01,567 --> 00:15:06,739 PRETTY DANG CLOSE. SHE STILL MAY BE A NERVOUS COOK, BUT INA HAS NAILED THE RECIPE FOR A GOOD LIFE. 140 00:15:06,805 --> 00:15:11,043 >> I WANT TO DO WHAT I LOVE DOING AND DO IT WELL AND HAVE A GOOD LIFE. >> JULIA SOLD FRENCH FOOD. 141 00:15:11,110 --> 00:15:14,013 MARTHA SOLD PERFECTION. YOU'RE SLINGING FUN. >> WELL, I JUST THINK IF YOU'RE NOT HAVING FUN, WHAT'S THE 142 00:15:14,079 --> 00:15:29,595 POINT? >>> WE WERE NEARING LAST CALL ON THE GRANDEST OF BRITISH INSTITUTIONS, THE PUB. 143 00:15:29,662 --> 00:15:37,736 AFTER ENDURING FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS AS CENTERS FOR SCHMOOZING AND BOOZING PUBS WERE GOING AWAY OF MORNING NEWSPAPERS, AFTERNOON 144 00:15:37,803 --> 00:15:44,310 TEA, AND THE WHOLE YIOF EMPIRE. A RANGE OF FACTORS UNDERCUT THE KIND OF NEIGHBORHOOD JOINT WHERE EVERYONE KNOWS YOUR NAME. 145 00:15:44,376 --> 00:15:52,885 THEN CAME COVID WHICH KEPT MOST BRITISH PUBS CLOSED FOR MORE THAN YEAR, BUT IN THE SUMMER OF 2021 THE U.K. REOPENED, AND NOT 146 00:15:52,951 --> 00:15:58,390 UNLIKE AN OVERSERVED PATRON THE PUB STORIES STARTED TO STAGGER AND LURCH IN AN UNEXPECTED DIRECTION. 147 00:15:58,457 --> 00:16:09,835 AND AS WE FIRST REPORTED LAST YEAR, MAYBE IT'S NOT QUITE CLOSING TIME AFTER ALL. >> 1,200 PLUS YEARS OLD. 148 00:16:09,902 --> 00:16:15,708 >> YES. >> A MAN WALKS INTO A PUB. OF COURSE HE DOES. IN THIS CASE IT'S A VERY OLD 149 00:16:15,774 --> 00:16:26,785 PUB, YE OLDE FIGHTING COCKS IN ST. ALBANS OUTSIDE LONDON. IT'S LANDLORD OR PUBLICAN IS CHRISTO TOFALLI. 150 00:16:26,852 --> 00:16:33,158 SO YOUR PUB IS ONE OF THE DOZENS IN THIS COUNTRY THAT CLAIMS TO BE THE OLDEST EVER. >> YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY RIGHT. 151 00:16:33,225 --> 00:16:45,904 >> MAKE YOUR CASE. >> WE'RE THE OLDEST PUB. THE VIKINGS INVADED ENGLAND IN THE SAME YEAR THE FIRST BRICK 152 00:16:45,971 --> 00:16:52,277 WAS LAID IN 793. >> I SUSPECT THE VIKINGS WOULD LIKE THIS PLACE. >> THEY WOULD LOVE THIS PLACE. 153 00:16:52,344 --> 00:16:57,883 >> BEFORE WE GO FURTHER LET'S DEFINE OUR TERMS. WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT MERE BARS OR FOR THE LOVE OF GOD, 154 00:16:57,950 --> 00:17:04,990 SPORTS BARS. THESE ARE PUBS OR SHORT FOR PUBLIC HOUSES. THEY EXIST AS MUCH FOR 155 00:17:05,057 --> 00:17:18,404 CONVIVIALY AS FOR WHAT'S ON TAP, COLD LAGER AND TO THE SHOCK OF FIRST TIMERS, WARM ALE. THE WRITER/COMEDIAN AL MURRAY 156 00:17:18,470 --> 00:17:27,279 BELIEVES IT GOES BEYOND BEER. >> IT'S A COMMUNITY PLACE. >> WHAT IS IT ABOUT THIS CULTURE THAT HAS SUCH APPEAL TO YOU? 157 00:17:27,346 --> 00:17:37,589 >> IT SOUNDS IDEALISTIC ABOUT IT, PRINCES AND PAUPERS ARE EQUALLY WELCOME IN HERE. AND GIVEN THAT BRITAIN IS SUCH A 158 00:17:37,656 --> 00:17:51,437 CLAS STY THERE ARE VERY FEW PLACES YOU STAND AT THE BAR AND YOUR MONEY IS AS GOOD AS EVERYONE ELSE'S. 159 00:17:51,503 --> 00:17:57,476 THERE'S SOMETHING GENUINELY BEAUTIFUL ABOUT WHERE SOMEONE CAN GO AT ANY TIME AND SIT IN THE CORNER WITH THEIR OWN 160 00:17:57,543 --> 00:18:03,282 THOUGHTS AND DRINK AND IT'S A BEAUTIFUL NOTION. >> YOU DON'T GO TO TURNER'S OLD STAR FOR QUILT CONTEMPLATION. 161 00:18:03,348 --> 00:18:09,922 ONE OF THE LAST SO-CALLED BOOZERS IN LONDON'S EAST END, IT'S THE HEARTBEAT OF THE PROUDLY WORKING CLASS COMMUNITY 162 00:18:09,988 --> 00:18:14,026 HERE. >> PUT IN A DAY OF WORK, YOU WORK HARD, YOU COME IN -- >> ABSOLUTELY. 163 00:18:14,092 --> 00:18:21,099 YOU WORK HARD ALL DAY AND YOU'RE KIND OF LIKE -- IT'S JUST LIKE HAVING A MENTAL SHOW AFTER A HARD DAY'S WORK TO KIND OF WIND 164 00:18:21,166 --> 00:18:25,270 DOWN. IT'S LIKE A REAL LIFE CHEERS, I GUESS. YOU KNOW? 165 00:18:25,337 --> 00:18:31,009 >> THEY MAKE YOU FEEL WELCOME. THEY'RE FAMILY. THEY'RE FAMILY. >> PAUL AND BERNICE DREW HAVE 166 00:18:31,076 --> 00:18:37,249 RUN THE OLD STAR FOR 17 YEARS. THEY MET ACROSS THE STREET, GOT ENGAGED HERE. THEY LIVE UPSTAIRS. 167 00:18:37,316 --> 00:18:42,688 THE PUB IS THEIR LIVING ROOM. THE REGULARS, THEIR OLDEST FRIENDS. WHEN YOU SAY REGULARS, THOUGH, 168 00:18:42,754 --> 00:18:55,634 THESE ARE REALLY REGULARS. >> OH, YEAH, EVERYBODY. 10, 15 PEOPLE THAT COME IN EVERY DAY REGARDLESS WINTER, SUMMER, 169 00:18:55,701 --> 00:19:05,010 WHENEVER. >> THEY ALL COME UP HAVE A COUPLE OF BEERS, HAVE A LAUGH, AND SLAG EVERYONE OFF. 170 00:19:05,077 --> 00:19:09,515 THEY'RE ALWAYS HAVING A GO AT EACH OTHER. >> I HEAR YOU SAY WITH REAL PRIDE THIS IS A PROPER PUB. 171 00:19:09,581 --> 00:19:15,487 >> IT IS. A SMALL PUB PUB. >> NO, IT'S A PUB PUB. >> WE CALL IT A PUB PUB. 172 00:19:15,554 --> 00:19:29,034 >> FOR CENTURIES PUBS HAVE BEEN AS MUCH SALON AS SALOON AS THEY'VE TAKEN A STOOL AND WATCH HISTORY AND MYTH UNFOLD. 173 00:19:29,101 --> 00:19:38,010 AFTER PARIS FELL TO THE NAZIS IN 1940 CHARLES DE GAULLE IN EXILE IS SAID TO HAVE WRITTEN HIS FAMOUS SPEECH TO THE FRENCH FREE 174 00:19:38,076 --> 00:19:45,918 FORCES HERE. A LITTLE FURTHER EAST ON THE RIVER THAMES LEGEND HAS IT THAT THE 17th CENTURY JUDGE JEFFREYS 175 00:19:45,984 --> 00:19:58,063 WOULD WATCH THOSE HE SENTENCED HANG AS HE HUNCHED AND SIPPED ALE AT THE PROSPECT OF WHITBY. THEN THERE'S THE CHOLERA 176 00:19:58,130 --> 00:20:05,203 EPIDEMIC THAT KILLED 550 PEOPLE IN TWO WEEKS. A LOCAL DOCTOR JOHN SNOW FIGURED OUT THE PROBLEM. 177 00:20:05,270 --> 00:20:12,544 CONTAMINATED WATER FROM A WELL WAS SPREADING THE DISEASE, AND SIMPLY REMOVING THE HANDLE FROM THE PUMP EFFECTIVELY ENDED THE 178 00:20:12,611 --> 00:20:18,850 EPIDEMIC. JOHN SNOW WASN'T KNIGHTED, BUT HE DID RECEIVE WHAT MIGHT BE THE NEXT HIGHEST BRITISH HONOR. 179 00:20:18,917 --> 00:20:33,832 CHRISTENING A PUB AFTER SOMEONE IS AN EXCEPTION. MANY PUB NAMES READ LIKE DRUNKEN MAD LIBS, RANDOM ADJECTIVE PLUS 180 00:20:33,899 --> 00:20:38,170 RANDOM NOUN, OFTEN AN ANIMAL. THE APE AND APPLE, THE SNOOTY FOX, THE DRUNKEN DOG, THE BLACK DOG. 181 00:20:38,236 --> 00:20:50,816 FOR PETE BROWN, BRITAIN'S LEADING WRITER ON PUBS -- WHAT'S GOING ON HERE? >> IT STARTS OFF IN A PRACTICAL 182 00:20:50,882 --> 00:20:58,123 WAY WHICH IS THAT MOST OF THE POPULATION WHO WENT TO PUBS UNTIL RECENTLY WERE ILLITERATE, SO YOU COULDN'T PUT A NAME 183 00:20:58,190 --> 00:21:02,160 SIGN-UP. YOU HAD TO HAVE A PICTORIAL SIGN. SO YOU'D PICK A PICTURE OF 184 00:21:02,227 --> 00:21:08,367 SOMETHING THAT HAD SOME RESONANCE WITH PEOPLE, BUT THEN SOME OF THE ONES YOU JUST MENTIONED I THINK IT'S KIND OF 185 00:21:08,433 --> 00:21:14,473 THE PUB SELF-SATTERNIZING ITSELF. >> AND IT'S NOT JUST PUB NAMES THAT VEERED TOWARDS THE COLORFUL 186 00:21:14,539 --> 00:21:23,582 AND ECCENTRIC. JUST BEHIND LONDON'S LAW COURTS AND THEN BEHIND THE BAR, YOU'LL FIND THE OWNER, CHEF, AND STAR 187 00:21:23,649 --> 00:21:35,060 PERFORMER OF THE SEVEN STARS PUB, THE TALENTED MRS. ROXY BEAUJOLAIS. YOUR HUSBAND IS AMERICAN. 188 00:21:35,127 --> 00:21:48,940 >> YES. >> HOW DO YOU EXPLAIN WHAT YOU DO TO HIS FAMILY? >> 30 YEARS AGO MY HUSBAND DOVE 189 00:21:49,007 --> 00:21:54,846 IN AND SAID NOT A REPUBLICAN, A TAVERN KEEPER. >> WHAT IS IT ABOUT THIS JOB THAT CLEARLY FEEDS SOMETHING IN 190 00:21:54,913 --> 00:21:59,551 YOU? >> I'M GOOD AT IT, DARLING. I'M GOOD AT IT. YOU KNOW I COOK, I HAVE A 191 00:21:59,618 --> 00:22:09,261 PARTING INTEREST IN THE PRODUCTS THAT I SELL MYSELF. YOU KNOW, I LOVE IT. >> FOR THE LAST 25 YEARS, 192 00:22:09,327 --> 00:22:16,001 COMEDIAN AL MURRAY HAS LOVED PLAYING THE FIGURE BEHIND THE BAR. HIS ALTER EGO ON STAGES, A HEAD 193 00:22:16,068 --> 00:22:29,347 SHAVED OVER OPINIONATED HE CALLS THE LANDLORD. >> THE MOON WAS NEVER GOING TO BE PART OF THE PRITISH EMPIRE, 194 00:22:29,414 --> 00:22:39,491 WAS IT? NO ONE TO GIVE IT BACK TO ONCE WE'RE DONE WITH IT, IS IT? >> SO WHAT IS IT ABOUT THAT 195 00:22:39,558 --> 00:22:43,929 ARCHETYPE? >> IT'S A GUY WHO HAS POWER BUT NO AUTHORITY. IT'S A GUY WHO'S WRITING 196 00:22:43,995 --> 00:22:50,802 INTELLECTUAL CHECKS HE CANNOT POSSIBLY CASH. IT'S THE WHOLE SWIRL OF WHAT HAPPENS IN A PUBLIC. 197 00:22:50,869 --> 00:22:57,209 THE PUBLICAN IS THE CONDUIT, THE CONFESSOR, THE SORT OF, YOU KNOW, HIGH PRIEST IN A SPACE LIKE THIS. 198 00:22:57,275 --> 00:23:06,752 SO ALL GOES THROUGH HIM. >> IT'S ALL GOOD FUN, BUT AS ITS CHARACTER SUGGESTS PUB CULTURE IS IF NOT ERODING, UNDERGOING 199 00:23:06,818 --> 00:23:14,226 CONSIDERABLE CHANGE. FOR GENERATIONS THE NUMBER OF BRITISH PUBS HAS BEEN DECLINING. FROM 65,000 TO FEWER THAN 50,000 200 00:23:14,292 --> 00:23:23,468 IN THE LAST 25 YEARS. THE CAUSES OF DEATH ARE MANY -- HIGH BEER DUTY, A SMOKING BAN, CHEAP SUPERMARKET LAGER, PEOPLE 201 00:23:23,535 --> 00:23:31,076 DRINKING LESS. PERHAPS THE BIGGEST CULPRITS, VENTURE CAPITALISTS AND DEVELOPERS MORE INTERESTED IN A 202 00:23:31,143 --> 00:23:37,115 PUB'S REAL ESTATE THAN WHAT'S ON TAP. AND THEN IN MARCH 2020 CAME THE HAMMER BLOW, COVID-19. 203 00:23:37,182 --> 00:23:51,463 WHAT WAS IT LIKE WHEN THIS CLOSED FOR THE FIRST TIME? >> SO DESTROYING. I MEAN, IN BUSINESS TERMS, 204 00:23:51,530 --> 00:23:56,168 LETHAL. I STILL HAVEN'T WORDS FOR IT, JON. IT'S -- IT'S -- WE HAVE A 205 00:23:56,234 --> 00:24:01,273 PASSION TO OPEN THE DOOR EVERY SINGLE DAY. >> THIS WASN'T JUST CHANGE THE SIGN-ON THE DOOR. 206 00:24:01,339 --> 00:24:10,382 THIS SOUNDS ALMOST EXISTENTIAL. >> TERMINAL FOR A LOT OF PUBS. >> EVEN IN THE WORST OF TIMES, THE NAPOLEONIC WARS, THE SPANISH 207 00:24:10,448 --> 00:24:19,624 FLU, PUBS DID NOT CLOSE. DESPITE THE BOMBINGS AND THE BLITZ CHURCHILL INSISTED PUBS REMAIN OPEN. 208 00:24:19,691 --> 00:24:26,064 HOW BAD CAN THINGS BE IF WE CAN STILL PULL A PINT? >> THIS IS A STORY TO SHOW THE SPIRIT OF THE PUBS IS EXCELLENT. 209 00:24:26,131 --> 00:24:34,773 THE HOUSES BOMBED, THEY CARRY ON OUTSIDE. >> THE LOCKDOWN GAVE BRITAIN A GLIMPSE OF A FUTURE WITHOUT 210 00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:42,848 PUBS. FOR MONTHS THE COBBLED STREETS WHERE DICKENS ONCE WALKED, SILENT. 211 00:24:42,914 --> 00:24:52,557 THE TAVERNS WHERE CHAUCER OR SHAKESPEARE MIGHT HAVE WALKED, EMPTY. WHAT DOES THIS COUNTRY STAND TO 212 00:24:52,624 --> 00:24:59,030 LOSE IF PUBS DIMINISH? >> IT'S PART OF IDENTITY. WE CELEBRATE OUR NATIONALITY IN A VERY QUIET WAY, IN A VERY 213 00:24:59,097 --> 00:25:05,103 MODEST WAY, AND THE PUB IS A PERFECT EXAMPLE OF THAT. WE'RE PROUD OF THE PUB. AND IF IT WAS TAKEN AWAY FROM 214 00:25:05,170 --> 00:25:14,546 US, I THINK WE'D LOSE SOMETHING OF WHAT DEFINES US AS A NATION. >> IT'S NOT FLAG WAVING JINGOISM BUT COMING IN HERE PATRIOTISM. 215 00:25:14,613 --> 00:25:22,320 >> IT'S JUST COMING IN HERE AND GOING, YEAH, I'LL HAVE ANOTHER PINT, THANK YOU. >> COMING OUT OF LOCKDOWN, THE 216 00:25:22,387 --> 00:25:35,734 PINT WIELDING PATRIOTS BELIEVED MORE THAN EVER THAT THE PUB IS AN INSTITUTION WORTH SAVING. >> SAVING THE TRADITIONAL PUB IS 217 00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:42,474 THAT NOSTALGIA FOR A BRITAIN THAT MAY NO LONGER EXIST? >> OH, THERE'S SO MANY BRITAINS THAT MAY NO LONGER EXIST BUT ONE 218 00:25:42,540 --> 00:25:46,645 THAT'S WORTH SAVING IS THE PUB SURELY. WE DON'T NEED THE NAVY ANYMORE, DO WE? 219 00:25:46,711 --> 00:25:53,151 WE NEED PUBS. >> IN A CHANGING BRITAIN NOSTALGIA CAN RESIDE AT THE BOTTOM OF A GLASS. 220 00:25:53,218 --> 00:26:02,961 IN THE OH, SO ENGLISH VILLAGE OF ALDRIDGE YOU'LL FIND JUST A CRICKET GREEN, A CHURCH, A FEW HOUSES, AND A PUB RESISTANT TO 221 00:26:03,028 --> 00:26:08,500 TIME. THE BELL INN HAS BEEN IN THE FAMILY OF HEATHER MACAULAY FOR 200 YEARS. 222 00:26:08,566 --> 00:26:20,245 SHE WAS BORN IN THE PUB, AND NOW AT AGE 85 RUNS IT WITH HER SON, HUGH. HOW MANY GENERATIONS IN THESE 223 00:26:20,312 --> 00:26:28,219 200 YEARS? >> JAMES AND HUGH AND THOMAS AND RONALD, AND THEN ME. FIVE, I SUPPOSE. 224 00:26:28,286 --> 00:26:36,127 >> WE TALKED TO SOME PUB OWNERS WHO SAID THEY FELT THIS PRESSURE TO EVOLVE AND THEY'RE TRYING GOURMET FOOD AND DJs AND 225 00:26:36,194 --> 00:26:41,132 TECHNOLOGY. >> HERE, NO. WE ARE PLAIN, SIMPLE. THAT'S HOW WE SURVIVE. 226 00:26:41,199 --> 00:26:46,371 THAT'S HOW WE'RE GOING TO SURVIVE. I DON'T THINK WE'LL EVER BE PUTTING TVs IN HERE SOMEHOW. 227 00:26:46,438 --> 00:26:53,545 >> NO, NO. I DON'T EVEN HAVE A MOBILE PHONE. >> PUBS LIKE THE BELL INNS HAVE 228 00:26:53,611 --> 00:27:01,386 DONE WHAT THEY'VE ALWAYS DONE, SERVED THEIR COMMUNITY. BUT WHERE DOES THE REST OF THE COUNTRY FIT IN? 229 00:27:01,453 --> 00:27:12,764 NIGERIAN BORN CLEMENTE IS PROUD OWNER OF THE PRINCE OF PECKHAM IN SOUTH LONDON. HE'S TAKEN THE MAGIC OF THE PUB 230 00:27:12,831 --> 00:27:18,036 AND ADAPTED IT. YOU HEAR THE WORD PUB 20 YEARS AGO WHAT ARE YOU THINKING? >> I'M THINKING I'M NOT GOING 231 00:27:18,103 --> 00:27:22,374 THERE. >> PLAY THAT OUT FOR ME. YOU WALK INTO A CONVENTIONAL PUB AND WHAT HAPPENS? 232 00:27:22,440 --> 00:27:32,984 >> THINK OF CLINT EASTWOOD IN A WESTERN MOVIE. EVERYONE LOOKS AT THE DOOR SWINGING, WHO'S THAT GUY? 233 00:27:33,051 --> 00:27:37,322 THAT'S HOW I FELT IN SOME PUBS. >> PIANO STOPS PLAYING. >> ABSOLUTELY. >> FOUR YEARS AGO HE BOUGHT UP A 234 00:27:37,389 --> 00:27:44,763 NEIGHBORHOOD JOINT DESTINED TO BE TURNED INTO A PARKING LOT OR MINI MARKET. >> PUBS PLAY A MASSIVE PART IN 235 00:27:44,829 --> 00:27:51,269 REPRESENTING THE COMMUNITIES, REPRESENTING THE MARGINALIZED AND GIVING THEM A SPACE, GIVING THEM SOMEWHERE THEY CAN BE, THEY 236 00:27:51,336 --> 00:27:57,375 CAN CONGREGATE, THEY CAN SHARE IDEAS. >> WHEN KIDS TODAY HEAR THE WORD PUB WHAT DO YOU WANT THEM TO 237 00:27:57,442 --> 00:28:04,549 THINK? >> I WANT THEM TO THINK THAT'S A SPACE FOR ME, THAT'S A SPACE WHERE I CAN BE HSH THAT'S A 238 00:28:04,616 --> 00:28:08,653 SPACE WHERE I CAN CELEBRATE, I CAN HANG OUT, I CAN LAUGH, I CAN MOURN. >> THAT'S WHAT YOU'RE GOING 239 00:28:08,720 --> 00:28:14,626 INTEREST FOR WHEN YOU OPENED THIS PLACE? >> I JUST LOVE SEEING THE MELTING POT THAT IS LONDON 240 00:28:14,692 --> 00:28:22,767 REFLECTED IN THIS PUB. >> AND HEREIN MIGHT LIE THE KEY TO THE PUB'S SURVIVAL, CATER TO AN EVOLVING AND EVER CHANGING 241 00:28:22,834 --> 00:28:27,872 BRITAIN AND BEER AND GOOD CHEER MIGHT WELL FLOW IN EQUAL MEASURE. THOSE PINTS, AFTER ALL, AREN'T 242 00:28:27,939 --> 00:28:29,574 GOING TO DRINK THEMSELVES. 243 00:28:40,485 --> 00:28:45,824 >>> TONIGHT, WE WANT TO INTRODUCE YOU TO A MUSICIAN NAMED SONA JOBARTEH, WHO INTRODUCED US TO THE BEAUTIFUL 244 00:28:45,890 --> 00:28:57,102 SOUND AND STORY OF A CENTURIES OLD INSTRUMENT, THE KORA. IT'S A STRING INSTRUMENT FROM WEST AFRICA, PART OF A MUSICAL 245 00:28:57,168 --> 00:29:00,438 TRADITION THAT DATES BACK TO A 13th CENTURY EMPIRE AND HAS BEEN PASSED DOWN STRICTLY FROM FATHER TO SON, MAN TO MAN, IN A SPECIAL 246 00:29:00,505 --> 00:29:24,629 SET OF FAMILIES EVER SINCE. AS LESLIE STAHL REPORTED THIS FALL SONA JOBARTEH WAS BORN INTO ONE OF THOSE FAMILIES CALLED 247 00:29:24,696 --> 00:29:31,769 GRIOTS. THE DAUGHTER OF A GAMBIAN FATHER AND A BRITISH MOTHER. AFTER HUNDREDS OF YEARS OF MEN, 248 00:29:31,836 --> 00:29:35,440 SHE IS THE FIRST WOMAN TO MASTER THE KORA. IN HER PERFORMANCES AROUND THE WORLD, AND IN HER WORK OFF 249 00:29:35,507 --> 00:29:41,913 STAGE, SHE SAYS SHE IS KEEPING TRADITION ALIVE THROUGH THE VERY ACT OF BREAKING IT. ♪ 250 00:29:41,980 --> 00:29:53,258 >> TAKE A LISTEN, AS WE DID, TO SONA JOBARTEH AS SHE PLAYS THE KORA. ♪ 251 00:29:53,324 --> 00:29:57,061 >> WITH ITS 21 STRINGS PLAYED BY JUST FOUR FINGERS, TWO ON EACH HAND, IT HAS A SOUND BOTH FOREIGN AND FAMILIAR. 252 00:29:57,128 --> 00:30:07,939 ♪ >> TO ME IT'S LIKE A HARP. WHAT DO YOU COMPARE IT TO? >> I DON'T ACTUALLY COMPARE IT 253 00:30:08,006 --> 00:30:11,643 TO ANYTHING BECAUSE IT'S NORMAL FOR ME. I COMPARE OTHER THINGS TO THE KORA. 254 00:30:11,709 --> 00:30:20,418 ♪ >> THE SONG SONA PLAYED FOR US CALLED JARABI IS A TRADITIONAL LOVE SONG. 255 00:30:20,485 --> 00:30:29,627 ♪ SUNG IN THE MANDINKA LANGUAGE. ♪ THE TRADITION GOES BACK TO THE 256 00:30:29,694 --> 00:30:38,803 1200s WHEN A KINGDOM CALLED THE MALI EMPIRE REIGNED OVER A LARGE SWATH OF WEST AFRICA, THE TERRITORY OF SEVERAL MODERN DAY 257 00:30:38,870 --> 00:30:51,783 COUNTRIES. THE MUSICIANS AND STORYTELLERS IN THE EMPIRE WERE MEN CALLED GRIOTS WHO COUNSELLED KINGS, 258 00:30:51,849 --> 00:30:58,289 RESOLVED CONFLICTS AND PASSED THE LEGENDS DOWN ORALLY THROUGH THE CENTURIES. WOMEN IN GRIOT FAMILIES WERE 259 00:30:58,356 --> 00:31:04,295 SINGERS, BUT IT WAS ONLY MEN WHO WERE ALLOWED TO PLAY THE INSTRUMENT. ♪ 260 00:31:04,362 --> 00:31:17,508 THAT IS UNTIL SONA JOBARTEH. AT 39, SHE HAS BECOME ONE OF THE FOREMOST KORA PLAYERS IN THE WORLD. 261 00:31:17,575 --> 00:31:25,917 ♪ PERFORMING WITH HER BAND ACROSS EUROPE, WEST AFRICA, AND HERE IN THE UNITED STATES, AS WE SAW IN 262 00:31:25,984 --> 00:31:41,099 THIS PACKED THEATER OUTSIDE BOSTON. ♪ >> THIS IS MUSIC WHEN YOU HEAR 263 00:31:41,165 --> 00:31:49,140 IT, IT STILL TO THIS DAY CARRIES THE FEELING OF THE EMPIRE AT ITS GREATEST. YOU GET THAT FEELING OF ROYALTY. 264 00:31:49,207 --> 00:31:52,377 YOU GET THAT FEELING OF SOMETHING THAT YOU'RE SO PROUD ABOUT. >> ONE, TWO, THREE. 265 00:31:52,443 --> 00:32:01,986 ♪ >> WHAT I THINK ABOUT WITH YOU IS THAT YOU HAVE BROKEN TRADITION. 266 00:32:02,053 --> 00:32:07,692 >> IT'S NOT THE WAY I SEE MYSELF MAINLY BECAUSE OF THE FACT OF BELIEF IN THE TRADITION HAS TO EVOLVE. 267 00:32:07,759 --> 00:32:12,630 TRADITIONS ARE NOT STAGNANT. THEY GROW WITH HUMANITY AND WITH SOCIETY AND ALWAYS HAVE. AT ONE TIME THIS INSTRUMENT WAS 268 00:32:12,697 --> 00:32:15,800 NOT AROUND. THEN IT BECAME INVENTED AND BECAME SOMETHING MODERN. YET NOW IT'S CONSIDERED 269 00:32:15,867 --> 00:32:21,239 TRADITIONAL. IN TERMS OF ME BEING FEMALE, THIS IS A VERY CENTRAL AND IMPORTANT ADAPTATION THE 270 00:32:21,306 --> 00:32:32,550 TRADITION MUST TAKE IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO BE RELEVANT TO OUR NEW SOCIETY. >> SONA JOBARTEH COMES 271 00:32:32,617 --> 00:32:45,229 TO THE GRIOT TRADITION AS BOTH INSIDER AND OUTSIDER. HER MOTHER IS A BRITISH ARTIST. HER FATHER, THE SON OF A 272 00:32:45,296 --> 00:32:50,234 LEGENDARY GAMBIAN KORA PLAYER WHOSE GRIOT FAMILY PEDIGREE TRACES BACK TO THE 13th CENTURY. THOUGH HER PARENT'S RELATIONSHIP 273 00:32:50,301 --> 00:32:55,573 DIDN'T LAST, SONA GREW UP IN BOTH WORLDS, THE UK AND HER GRANDFATHER'S FAMILY COMPOUND IN GAMBIA WHERE SHE SAYS HER 274 00:32:55,640 --> 00:33:05,917 GRANDMOTHER URGED HER TO EMBRACE THE GRIOT HERITAGE, WHICH AS A GIRL MEANT SINGING. >> SHE KEPT TELLING ME, YOU HAVE 275 00:33:05,983 --> 00:33:11,222 TO SING. I NEVER WANTED TO SING. I HATED SINGING WITH A PASSION. >> WHY? 276 00:33:11,289 --> 00:33:17,295 YOU HAVE THE PERFECT VOICE. >> DIDN'T LIKE IT. NEVER LIKED IT. >> BUT YOUR GRANDMOTHER KNEW YOU 277 00:33:17,362 --> 00:33:26,637 HAD A GREAT VOICE. >> I WAS A STUBBORN CHILD. >> BUT SHE WAS DRAWN TO THE KORA. 278 00:33:26,704 --> 00:33:31,943 AS A LITTLE KID, NO ONE SEEMED TO MIND HER LEARNING SOME OF THE BASICS. SHE THINKS HER GRANDMOTHER MAY 279 00:33:32,009 --> 00:33:36,748 HAVE EVEN LIKED THE IDEA. IN THE UK, THOUGH, SHE STUDIED A DIFFERENT MUSICAL TRADITION, CLASSICAL CELLO. 280 00:33:36,814 --> 00:33:43,221 AND SHE EXCELLED. WINNING A SCHOLARSHIP AT AGE 14 TO A PRESTIGIOUS MUSIC BOARDING SCHOOL. 281 00:33:43,287 --> 00:33:50,228 WERE YOU ONE OF THE VERY FEW BIRACIAL KIDS IN THE SCHOOL? >> THE ONLY PERSON OF COLOR IN THE FIRST SCHOOL. 282 00:33:50,294 --> 00:33:54,499 >> THE ONLY PERSON? >> YES. I WAS INCREDIBLY SHY AS A STUDENT. 283 00:33:54,565 --> 00:34:00,338 I NEVER TALKED. THAT'S MY ONLY WAY OF SURVIVING THOSE YEARS I WOULD SAY. >> WERE YOU SAD? 284 00:34:00,405 --> 00:34:04,609 WAS IT A TOUGH TIME? >> YES, IT WAS A VERY TOUGH TIME, YEAH. HAPPINESS WAS NOT A MAJOR PART 285 00:34:04,675 --> 00:34:16,187 OF IT. >> BUT SHE DID FIND ONE POINT OF CONNECTION TO HER LIFE IN THE GAMBIA. 286 00:34:16,254 --> 00:34:19,791 >> THE LIBRARY IN THE SCHOOL HAD A KORA THERE HANGING ON THE WALL. SO I WOULD BE ALWAYS LOOKING AT 287 00:34:19,857 --> 00:34:24,061 THIS THING. AND THEN ONE DAY I DECIDED TO TAKE IT OFF THE WALL. IT WAS A TOTAL MESS YOU CAN 288 00:34:24,128 --> 00:34:27,932 IMAGINE. SO WHAT IT STARTED DOING IS EVERY TIME I GET A LITTLE TIME WHEN THE PLACE IS QUIET, TAKE IT 289 00:34:27,999 --> 00:34:32,370 OFF THE WALL, FIX A STRING, PUT IT BACK. I WAS DOING IT HOPING NO ONE WOULD NOTICE. 290 00:34:32,437 --> 00:34:42,580 I KEPT TAKING IT OFF THE WALL. THERE WAS ONE LADY WHO WAS ONE OF THE LATE NIGHT WORKERS AND SAID WHY DON'T YOU TAKE IT TO 291 00:34:42,647 --> 00:34:54,292 YOUR ROOM AND KEEP IT THERE AND WORK ON IT? >> SHE'S YOUR HERO. >> IT BECAME MY SANITY. 292 00:34:54,358 --> 00:34:59,964 >> AND HER CALLING AT 17 SHE DECIDED SHE NEEDED TO STUDY THE KORA PROPERLY WHICH MEANT TAKING A PERSONAL RISK, 293 00:35:00,031 --> 00:35:04,368 APPEALING TO HER FATHER TO PASS THE TRADITION DOWN TO HER, HIS DAUGHTER, AS HIS FATHER HAD TO HIM. 294 00:35:04,435 --> 00:35:09,774 THEY HADN'T SPENT MUCH TIME TOGETHER AS HE HAD BEEN LIVING AND PERFORMING MOSTLY ABROAD. FOR YEARS AND YEARS AND YEARS, 295 00:35:09,841 --> 00:35:15,513 KORA PLAYING WAS PASSED FATHER TO SON. >> UH-HUH. >> FATHER TO SON. 296 00:35:15,580 --> 00:35:23,254 >> EXACTLY. >> AND ALONG COMES YOUR DAUGHTER. >> YES. 297 00:35:23,321 --> 00:35:26,958 >> SONA. DID SHE SAY, DAD, WILL YOU TEACH ME? >> YEAH. 298 00:35:27,024 --> 00:35:36,968 SHE SAID WHAT I REALLY WANT TO LEARN IS THE KORA. >> BUT GIRLS DIDN'T PLAY THE KORA AT THAT POINT. 299 00:35:37,034 --> 00:35:44,108 >> WHAT I TOLD HER I SAID, IF I CLOSE MY EYES I DON'T HAVE TO KNOW THE DIFFERENCE, A MAN OR -- >> OH. 300 00:35:44,175 --> 00:35:54,552 >> IF YOU CAN DO THAT FOR ME. >> YOU IMMEDIATELY SAID OKAY. >> I IMMEDIATELY SAID OKAY. >> YOU NEVER HESITATED. 301 00:35:54,619 --> 00:35:59,924 >> I NEVER HESITATED, NO. >> I DON'T WANT YOU TO GET DISTRACTED WITH THIS WHOLE IDEA OF BEING FEMALE. 302 00:35:59,991 --> 00:36:03,294 DON'T LET IT GET IN YOUR HEAD. DON'T LET IT DISTRACT YOU. YOUR AMBITION NEEDS TO BE A GOOD KORA PLAYER, NOT A FEMALE KORA 303 00:36:03,361 --> 00:36:12,837 PLAYER, JUST A GOOD KORA PLAYER. THAT WAS MY CHALLENGE AT THE BEGINNING. >> HOW HARD DID SHE WORK? 304 00:36:12,904 --> 00:36:20,111 >> SHE WORKED VERY, VERY HARD. >> SHE STARTED PERFORMING, SOMETIMES WITH HER FATHER AND THEN WITH HER OWN BAND. 305 00:36:20,177 --> 00:36:24,382 SHE GOT ACCEPTANCE FIRST IN EUROPE. ♪ AND THEN BACK IN THE GAMBIA WITH 306 00:36:24,448 --> 00:36:29,854 A SONG AND VIDEO SHE RELEASED IN 2015 TO CELEBRATE 50 YEARS OF GAMBIAN INDEPENDENCE. IT'S BECOME THE COUNTRY'S 307 00:36:29,921 --> 00:36:37,962 UNOFFICIAL NATIONAL ANTHEM WITH MORE THAN 24 MILLION VIEWS ON YOUTUBE. MINUS THE DANCERS, WE FOUND THE 308 00:36:38,029 --> 00:36:46,137 GAMBIA MUCH AS SONA'S VIDEO DEPICTED IT. A TINY COUNTRY ON AFRICA'S WEST COAST, IT'S A FORMER BRITISH 309 00:36:46,203 --> 00:36:54,779 COLONY THAT'S PREDOMINANTLY MUSLIM, PRECOLONIAL CULTURE RUNS DEEP HERE. SONA JOBARTEH'S NAME AND 310 00:36:54,845 --> 00:37:03,554 HERITAGE CARRY WEIGHT. AND SHE'S LEANING INTO THAT ANCIENT GRIOT ROLE OF CULTURAL LEADER TO ADVOCATE FOR WHAT SHE 311 00:37:03,621 --> 00:37:15,499 CALLS HER PURPOSE IN LIFE OUTSIDE MUSIC, CREATING A NEW MODEL OF AFRICAN EDUCATION. SHE HAS FOUNDED A SMALL SCHOOL 312 00:37:15,566 --> 00:37:27,478 CALLED THE GAMBIA ACADEMY, WHERE STUDENTS STUDY DANCE, DRUMMING, KORA, OF COURSE, AND ANOTHER TRADITIONAL GRIOT INSTRUMENT 313 00:37:27,545 --> 00:37:38,422 CALLED THE BALAFON. >> THE MUSIC GETS THE MOST ATTENTION BECAUSE EVERYONE SEES IT AND LIKES IT AND ENJOYS IT. 314 00:37:38,489 --> 00:37:42,059 BUT THEY'RE LEARNING ALL THE SAME SUBJECTS AS ANY OTHER SCHOOL, MATH, SCIENCE, GEOGRAPHY, HISTORY, ALL THESE 315 00:37:42,126 --> 00:37:54,038 THINGS. HOWEVER, HOW IS THAT IMPARTED TO YOU? >> SO THIS MEANS WHAT? 316 00:37:54,105 --> 00:37:58,442 >> SONA BELIEVES MOST EDUCATION IN AFRICA HAS BEEN SO DEEPLY ROOTED IN COLONIAL MODELS THAT ITS MESSAGE TO CHILDREN IS THAT 317 00:37:58,509 --> 00:38:02,246 THEIR OWN LEGACY IS SOMEHOW BACK WARD. >> SO THEY FAIL TO DO THINGS IMPROPER. 318 00:38:02,313 --> 00:38:06,617 SO THEY'LL DO IT THIS WAY. THIS WAY IS VERY MUCH A EUROPEAN WAY. MY CHALLENGE IS NOW CAN YOU GET 319 00:38:06,684 --> 00:38:12,623 THE SAME OUTPUT, SUCCESSFUL OUTPUT, IF WE ACTUALLY CREATE, CHANGE THE CULTURAL ORIENTATION AT THE HEART AND CENTER OF THE 320 00:38:12,690 --> 00:38:16,927 EDUCATION SYSTEM. >> FROM YOUR ELBOW TO YOUR FINGER SHOULD BE A STRAIGHT LINE, HUH? 321 00:38:16,994 --> 00:38:24,535 >> SO THE STUDENTS HERE WEAR TRADITIONAL AFRICAN UNIFORMS. >> THE HAND, OKAY. SEVEN, EIGHT. 322 00:38:24,602 --> 00:38:30,574 ♪ >> AND GAMBIAN CULTURE IS CELEBRATED. ROHI AND BORI HAVE BEEN COMING 323 00:38:30,641 --> 00:38:39,750 TO THE SCHOOL SINCE IT OPENED SEVEN YEARS AGO. HERE THERE ARE NO RESTRICTIONS BY GENDER OR PEDIGREE. 324 00:38:39,817 --> 00:38:49,927 ROHI IS LEARNING TO PLAY THE KORA AND BORI IS IN THE ADVANCED BALAFON CLASS. >> I LIKE IT. 325 00:38:49,994 --> 00:38:53,764 IT MAKES ME FEEL VERY HAPPY WHEN I'M PLAYING. >> ARE YOU GRIOT? >> NO. 326 00:38:53,831 --> 00:39:01,305 >> ARE YOU GRIOT? >> NO. >> AND YOU'RE FEMALE. LOOK AT YOU BOTH LAUGHING 327 00:39:01,372 --> 00:39:04,709 BECAUSE YOU KNOW WHAT I'M TALKING ABOUT. >> YEAH. >> YEAH. 328 00:39:04,775 --> 00:39:12,216 >> WON'T THAT BE AWFULLY DIFFICULT? >> YOU KNOW WHAT A MAN CAN DO, A WOMAN ALSO CAN DO IT. 329 00:39:12,283 --> 00:39:17,188 SO I'M NOT FROM A GRIOT FAMILY, BUT I LOVE TO PLAY KORA. WHEN YOU LOVE SOMETHING, YOU CAN DO IT. 330 00:39:17,254 --> 00:39:24,762 >> ARE YOU GETTING PUSHBACK FROM WITHIN THE SOCIETY? >> YES, OF COURSE. ESPECIALLY FROM THE OLDER 331 00:39:24,829 --> 00:39:31,335 GENERATION, BUT IT DOESN'T MATTER. ♪ >> SONA'S FIRST ALBUM WAS A MIX 332 00:39:31,402 --> 00:39:42,179 OF TRADITIONAL AND NEW SONGS. HER LATEST, WHICH WE SAW HER REHEARSING WITH HER BAND, IS ALL ORIGINAL MUSIC. 333 00:39:42,246 --> 00:39:50,054 SHE WRITES ALL THE PARTS HERSELF, INCLUDING SONGS ABOUT EDUCATION, WOMEN AND HER OWN IDENTITY. 334 00:39:50,121 --> 00:39:58,429 AND SHE SINGS THEM IN MANDINKA. ♪ >> FOR ME, WHEN I SING IN MY OWN LANGUAGE, THE LANGUAGE THAT 335 00:39:58,496 --> 00:40:06,003 BELONGS TO THE GAMBIA, THERE IS -- I'M GIVING YOU A SENSE OF PRIDE THAT YOU NEVER HAVE BEFORE. 336 00:40:06,070 --> 00:40:13,911 THAT YOUR LANGUAGE IS AS VALUABLE. ♪ WHEN I CAN GO TO AN 337 00:40:13,978 --> 00:40:21,118 INTERNATIONAL AUDIENCE AND I CAN HAVE THE WHOLE AUDIENCE IN GERMANY, SPAIN, AMERICA, ALL OVER THE WORLD, AND THEY'RE 338 00:40:21,185 --> 00:40:31,962 SINGING MANDINKA -- ♪ >> THE POWER SHE SAYS OF MUSIC. >> IT BECOMES A UNIVERSAL 339 00:40:32,029 --> 00:40:40,070 LANGUAGE. I CAN TALK WITH ANYBODY FROM ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD USING MUSIC. 340 00:40:40,137 --> 00:40:48,813 I CAN'T DO THAT IN ANY OTHER FORM. ♪ >> AND SHE'S DOING ONE MORE 341 00:40:48,879 --> 00:40:54,785 THING. ♪ PASSING THE TRADITION DOWN TO HER 15-YEAR-OLD SON SIDIKI, A 342 00:40:54,852 --> 00:41:08,933 TALENTED BALAFON PLAYER. AND NEXT LINK FROM THE GRIOT PAST TO ITS FUTURE. YOU HAD SAID TO HER, WHEN I 343 00:41:08,999 --> 00:41:16,073 CLOSE MY EYES, I DON'T WANT TO HEAR A FEMALE -- >> NO. >> KORA PLAYER, I WANT TO HEAR A 344 00:41:16,140 --> 00:41:20,411 GREAT -- >> KORA PLAYER, YEAH. >> CLOSE YOUR EYES AND TELL US WHAT YOU HEAR. 345 00:41:20,477 --> 00:41:33,357 >> I HEAR A GREAT, GREAT, GREAT KORA PLAYER. ♪ >> I'M VERY, VERY PROUD, 346 00:41:33,424 --> 00:41:39,830 DEFINITELY. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 347 00:41:48,839 --> 00:42:04,622 >> THE COMPLEXITIES OF PLAYING THE KORA -- >> >>> THE LAST MINUTE OF "60 348 00:42:04,688 --> 00:42:11,729 MINUTES" IS SPONSORED BY UNITED HEALTH CARE. GET MEDICARE WITH MORE. >>> AROUND THE WORLD LAST NIGHT 349 00:42:11,795 --> 00:42:20,104 OR THIS MORNING CHRISTIANS HEARD THE GOSPEL STORY OF THE HEAVENLY HOST APPEARING TO SHEPHERDS AND SINGING THE PROMISE OF "PEACE ON 350 00:42:20,170 --> 00:42:25,376 EARTH." THAT GOT US WONDERING ABOUT THE STATE OF PEACE ON EARTH. HOW MUCH PEACE IS THERE ON THIS 351 00:42:25,442 --> 00:42:34,451 CHRISTMAS NIGHT? THERE'S NO PEACE IN UKRAINE WHERE THE WORLD'S BEST KNOWN REPORTED WAR WAGES ON. 352 00:42:34,518 --> 00:42:43,928 BUT IT'S JUST ONE OF SOME 15 WARS AND OTHER ACTIONS EACH OF WHICH HAS CLAIMED MORE THAN 1,000 LIVES THIS YEAR ACCORDING 353 00:42:43,994 --> 00:42:48,933 TO THE WORLD POPULATION REVIEW. THERE'S AN INSURGENCY IN IRAQ AND DRUG WARS IN MEXICO AND COLUMBIA. 354 00:42:48,999 --> 00:42:56,907 YOU CAN FIND PEACE ON EARTH TONIGHT IN MANY PLACES, BUT FOR MILLIONS OF PEOPLE LIVING IN THE CONFLICT ZONES WHERE WAR RAGES 355 00:42:56,974 --> 00:43:01,011 ON, A PRAYER FOR PEACE MAY BE IN ORDER.