1 00:00:04,880 --> 00:00:08,320 Record numbers are risking their lives in the Channel 2 00:00:08,320 --> 00:00:10,320 to get to Britain. 3 00:00:10,320 --> 00:00:13,040 It's kind of a desperate journey. 4 00:00:13,040 --> 00:00:16,680 They dream of a new life, better life. 5 00:00:16,680 --> 00:00:20,720 I've been on the south coast as asylum seekers arrived... 6 00:00:20,720 --> 00:00:24,320 I've counted more than 100 people coming off the boat 7 00:00:24,320 --> 00:00:26,760 and still they are arriving. 8 00:00:26,760 --> 00:00:29,440 ..to the migrant camps of northern France... 9 00:00:30,880 --> 00:00:33,880 You get to the UK and you use this leaflet. 10 00:00:33,880 --> 00:00:37,160 These phone numbers will help you. 11 00:00:37,160 --> 00:00:38,840 ..and to Turkey 12 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:43,720 to investigate the criminals smuggling people to our shores. 13 00:00:43,720 --> 00:00:46,040 TRANSLATION: Each person pays the same. 14 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:49,280 A trip to Britain will cost $17,000 in total. 15 00:00:50,600 --> 00:00:55,000 The government wants to send some asylum seekers to Rwanda. 16 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:58,920 It's young men, new mobile phones, and money in their pocket, 17 00:00:58,920 --> 00:01:02,960 and people struggle to see that these are genuine refugees. 18 00:01:04,400 --> 00:01:08,000 But will its plan to stop the people smugglers work? 19 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:29,960 I'm on board the Portia with fisherman Matt Coker. 20 00:01:31,440 --> 00:01:34,200 He's seen how the English Channel has changed. 21 00:01:36,080 --> 00:01:39,600 Each year, his radar picks up more and more boats. 22 00:01:40,920 --> 00:01:42,320 This is the shipping lane here. 23 00:01:42,320 --> 00:01:43,960 That's another large... 24 00:01:43,960 --> 00:01:46,800 That's a Border Force boat? That's another Border Force boat. 25 00:01:46,800 --> 00:01:48,320 He's heading out there fast, 26 00:01:48,320 --> 00:01:51,320 so there's obviously another migrant boat been spotted out here. 27 00:01:52,880 --> 00:01:55,320 It's been a long, hot summer, 28 00:01:55,320 --> 00:01:58,800 perfect conditions for migrants to cross the Channel... 29 00:02:01,280 --> 00:02:04,400 ..and for the people smugglers charging thousands 30 00:02:04,400 --> 00:02:05,880 to bring them to the UK. 31 00:02:07,320 --> 00:02:09,680 There'll be 40 or 50 on each boat. 32 00:02:09,680 --> 00:02:12,440 They're all in the same boats now, they're all these big, long, 33 00:02:12,440 --> 00:02:15,480 black dinghies, which are about sort of seven or eight metres long, 34 00:02:15,480 --> 00:02:17,760 so they normally have about 40 or 50 on board, so... 35 00:02:17,760 --> 00:02:19,960 So it's a couple of hundred already today. Oh, easily. 36 00:02:19,960 --> 00:02:21,600 Easily a couple of hundred already. 37 00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:23,440 And as I say, you've got one, two, another... 38 00:02:23,440 --> 00:02:25,960 ..at least three out here, so there's another 150. 39 00:02:25,960 --> 00:02:28,320 You know, you're probably up to... 40 00:02:28,320 --> 00:02:33,320 You're probably going to be up to 600 or 700 by before midday today. 41 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:39,640 Almost 90% of those arriving this year are men. 42 00:02:41,200 --> 00:02:44,760 More than 20,000 people have risked their lives 43 00:02:44,760 --> 00:02:49,000 crossing the Channel to get to Britain in the past six months, 44 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:52,320 and nothing the government does seems to put them off. 45 00:02:56,920 --> 00:02:59,760 Crossing one of the world's busiest shipping lanes 46 00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:02,120 in a dinghy can be terrifying. 47 00:03:05,760 --> 00:03:08,480 The near misses happen almost every day. 48 00:03:16,440 --> 00:03:20,080 The overcrowded boats quickly take on water. 49 00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:23,280 They're often just drifting without a proper motor. 50 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:35,440 Last November, 27 people and an unborn baby drowned 51 00:03:35,440 --> 00:03:36,920 when their dinghy sank. 52 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:50,640 Mustapha was rescued in the Channel 53 00:03:50,640 --> 00:03:53,360 when his boat almost went under in March. 54 00:03:54,480 --> 00:03:58,160 He's now in Britain, but doesn't want us to show his face. 55 00:04:01,080 --> 00:04:03,720 TRANSLATION: Everyone was saying that the boat had a problem, 56 00:04:03,720 --> 00:04:07,280 but the smuggler insisted we get in. 57 00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:09,600 He threatened us. 58 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:12,040 "If you don't make the crossing, no-one survives, 59 00:04:12,040 --> 00:04:14,680 "and your family will have problems." 60 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:16,680 So we got on. 61 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:20,560 We were really drowning. 62 00:04:20,560 --> 00:04:23,240 I will never forget that day. 63 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:29,560 The people smugglers don't care less about their cargo. 64 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:32,000 The people they're transporting are pure meat 65 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:34,160 with money in their pocket. 66 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:35,800 But beyond that, I mean, 67 00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,720 we have to look a bit more carefully at who is coming over. 68 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:41,960 I don't think our immigration and asylum system was meant to be 69 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:44,560 rewarding those that had money in their pocket, 70 00:04:44,560 --> 00:04:48,040 at the expense of those who have a real and genuine need 71 00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:50,840 to come and seek sanctuary somewhere. 72 00:04:58,560 --> 00:05:02,480 Many of the big smuggling gangs are based here in Turkey. 73 00:05:04,280 --> 00:05:08,720 Thousands of people arrange their journeys to the UK from Istanbul. 74 00:05:10,280 --> 00:05:13,760 It's the centre of a global refugee crisis. 75 00:05:15,760 --> 00:05:19,920 No-one really knows how many refugees there are in Turkey. 76 00:05:19,920 --> 00:05:22,960 Official figures put it at around five million, 77 00:05:22,960 --> 00:05:26,640 but unofficially, it could be as high as ten million. 78 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:31,160 And that makes Turkey the country with the most refugees in the world. 79 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:39,760 Istanbul is a gathering point for refugees 80 00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:44,720 and economic migrants from Africa, Asia and the Middle East, 81 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:49,400 and the black market trade in people smuggling is booming. 82 00:05:49,400 --> 00:05:52,000 Istanbul is a kind of a connection point. 83 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:53,480 It's kind of a bridge. 84 00:05:53,480 --> 00:05:55,400 And it's also an important place 85 00:05:55,400 --> 00:05:58,520 for the migrants to get in touch with smugglers, 86 00:05:58,520 --> 00:06:02,960 and as the security increases from the Western parts, 87 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:05,440 the journey becomes more... 88 00:06:05,440 --> 00:06:08,200 ..dramatically dangerous for many of them. 89 00:06:15,800 --> 00:06:19,600 Rahmet fled his home in Afghanistan two years ago. 90 00:06:19,600 --> 00:06:22,480 He now lives and works in this bakery. 91 00:06:25,760 --> 00:06:29,400 TRANSLATION: We didn't come here for no reason. 92 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:32,840 We came to Turkey to earn a living, 93 00:06:32,840 --> 00:06:36,880 to support our families left behind in hunger. 94 00:06:40,320 --> 00:06:43,200 Rahmet doesn't have permission to stay. 95 00:06:43,200 --> 00:06:47,600 He never leaves the bakery because he's afraid of being sent home. 96 00:06:50,120 --> 00:06:53,960 They don't want us refugees here. 97 00:06:53,960 --> 00:06:55,600 They take us off the streets 98 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:58,600 and send us back to where we have so many problems. 99 00:06:58,600 --> 00:07:00,480 Even war. 100 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:02,440 That's why we're here. 101 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:07,560 For many, they have to send money back 102 00:07:07,560 --> 00:07:09,840 to their families in their homeland, 103 00:07:09,840 --> 00:07:11,880 in their countries of origin. 104 00:07:11,880 --> 00:07:14,760 This is how the families are actually surviving 105 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:17,080 on a global level. 106 00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:20,000 It is kind of a desperate journey. 107 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:24,400 They dream of a new life, better life, somewhere else. 108 00:07:34,360 --> 00:07:38,440 It's this desperation that's exploited by the people smugglers. 109 00:07:40,680 --> 00:07:46,440 I'm heading to a safe house to meet a kingpin in the smuggling trade. 110 00:07:46,440 --> 00:07:48,640 It's taken months to arrange, 111 00:07:48,640 --> 00:07:50,920 working through a trusted intermediary. 112 00:07:52,040 --> 00:07:54,040 The smuggler has agreed to talk 113 00:07:54,040 --> 00:07:56,760 on condition that we don't identify him. 114 00:08:00,400 --> 00:08:03,000 He's sent hundreds of people to the UK. 115 00:08:05,480 --> 00:08:08,960 The British government says that what you're doing is illegal. 116 00:08:08,960 --> 00:08:11,160 TRANSLATION: I know it's illegal, 117 00:08:11,160 --> 00:08:13,480 but I choose to help these people. 118 00:08:15,360 --> 00:08:18,080 We treat them well. We respect women. 119 00:08:18,080 --> 00:08:19,840 We don't disrespect anyone. 120 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:29,640 But there have been allegations that a migrant died on one of his boats. 121 00:08:29,640 --> 00:08:31,240 He denies it. 122 00:08:34,320 --> 00:08:37,760 He says he gets customers to sign this disclaimer, 123 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:43,680 acknowledging the risks of death, capture and being lost at sea. 124 00:08:43,680 --> 00:08:47,480 It says, "Sign if you accept these terms." 125 00:08:49,360 --> 00:08:52,200 It doesn't matter if it's a whole family or an individual. 126 00:08:52,200 --> 00:08:54,040 Each person pays the same. 127 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:58,200 A trip to Britain will cost $17,000 in total. 128 00:08:58,200 --> 00:09:01,960 Smuggling is dangerous. People's lives are put at risk. 129 00:09:01,960 --> 00:09:05,200 You're making money from putting people's lives at risk. 130 00:09:06,720 --> 00:09:08,440 Accidents can happen. 131 00:09:09,880 --> 00:09:12,240 But we explain how dangerous the journey is 132 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:15,080 and we have them sign a consent form. 133 00:09:15,080 --> 00:09:18,160 You could die, I tell him, 134 00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:21,040 and warn his mum and dad, too. 135 00:09:25,920 --> 00:09:28,640 These are some of the passports the smuggler says 136 00:09:28,640 --> 00:09:31,160 he has taken from migrants. 137 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:35,240 It's so officials can't check their details when they arrive in Britain. 138 00:09:37,720 --> 00:09:40,680 Why do people want to come to the UK? 139 00:09:40,680 --> 00:09:43,440 There are more job opportunities in Britain, 140 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:45,600 and they have respect for human rights. 141 00:09:54,040 --> 00:09:57,040 People smuggling is a competitive business, 142 00:09:57,040 --> 00:10:00,160 with services openly advertised online. 143 00:10:01,640 --> 00:10:05,520 This one's a post offering to take people to the UK, 144 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:08,160 but no children under eight years old. 145 00:10:08,160 --> 00:10:11,400 They say they can provide a 70-metre boat 146 00:10:11,400 --> 00:10:14,000 which can take up to 60 people. 147 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:17,360 The cost? $11,500. 148 00:10:21,600 --> 00:10:26,840 There are also fake British driving licences and passports for sale, 149 00:10:26,840 --> 00:10:30,480 and sample questions to prepare migrants for a grilling 150 00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:32,280 by Home Office officials. 151 00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:39,200 For many smugglers, it's a business now, 152 00:10:39,200 --> 00:10:43,320 and thanks to the social media, like Facebook, Instagram, etc, 153 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:45,960 they are making their advertisements very easily. 154 00:10:45,960 --> 00:10:51,040 The problem is to...to find somebody that you can trust. 155 00:10:51,040 --> 00:10:53,680 You know, like, trust here is the key word, I believe, 156 00:10:53,680 --> 00:10:56,920 and this is why some of the smugglers who've got 157 00:10:56,920 --> 00:11:01,640 certain experience and who've got certain reputation in the field 158 00:11:01,640 --> 00:11:04,400 makes it easier to find new clients. 159 00:11:09,520 --> 00:11:12,920 The people smugglers rely on a network of safe houses 160 00:11:12,920 --> 00:11:15,200 and apartments here in Istanbul. 161 00:11:15,200 --> 00:11:18,120 There's one that we know of just round the corner here. 162 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:33,080 These pictures were filmed inside one of the smuggler's safe houses. 163 00:11:33,080 --> 00:11:37,320 People are held here for weeks in cramped conditions. 164 00:11:37,320 --> 00:11:40,360 They are nearly all single young men. 165 00:11:44,160 --> 00:11:46,080 TRANSLATION: We put them in an apartment 166 00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:48,720 while we wait until it's safe to go. 167 00:11:48,720 --> 00:11:50,960 The families get their food and supplies together 168 00:11:50,960 --> 00:11:53,000 and when they're ready, we take their phone 169 00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:54,960 so that the cops can't find out about us. 170 00:12:03,520 --> 00:12:07,800 Once the smuggler has gathered enough people here in Istanbul, 171 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:11,360 they'll begin the most dangerous part of their journey so far, 172 00:12:11,360 --> 00:12:14,840 to get across the Mediterranean Sea and into Europe. 173 00:12:17,760 --> 00:12:21,880 This is footage of his customers heading to the boats. 174 00:12:24,760 --> 00:12:26,680 We put them in a van and drive them to the mountains 175 00:12:26,680 --> 00:12:28,280 near where we keep the boats. 176 00:12:29,960 --> 00:12:32,320 From there, they walk towards the sea. 177 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:39,040 Then everyone gets in and the journey begins. 178 00:12:43,760 --> 00:12:48,200 We've seen several videos of migrants on the smuggler's boats... 179 00:12:56,760 --> 00:12:59,440 ..thanking him for getting them to Western Europe. 180 00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:06,720 The videos are filmed 181 00:13:06,720 --> 00:13:10,280 to prove the migrants have safely made the crossing. 182 00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:14,840 The money for the trip is held by a middleman 183 00:13:14,840 --> 00:13:18,840 and not paid to the smuggler until they arrive in Italy or Greece. 184 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:24,000 The smuggler says he even runs 185 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:27,960 a luxury VIP service for wealthy clients. 186 00:13:35,560 --> 00:13:38,960 But crossing the Med is far from plain sailing. 187 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:44,280 Sit down, sit down. Down, down. Sit down. 188 00:13:44,280 --> 00:13:48,480 Nearly 2,000 people died making the journey last year. 189 00:13:50,200 --> 00:13:54,240 The UN Refugee Agency fully supports ending the criminality, 190 00:13:54,240 --> 00:13:56,840 ending the horror that we all see 191 00:13:56,840 --> 00:13:58,920 of these boats arriving - 192 00:13:58,920 --> 00:14:01,520 young women with babies, people drowning, 193 00:14:01,520 --> 00:14:04,320 bodies being picked up, you know, at sea - 194 00:14:04,320 --> 00:14:06,560 from people attempting to find the solution. 195 00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:14,480 Britain would say that many of these people are not refugees, 196 00:14:14,480 --> 00:14:18,240 they're economic migrants. Why should Britain accept them? 197 00:14:18,240 --> 00:14:24,000 The probability is that about 80% of them are almost certainly refugees. 198 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:28,360 Maybe about 20% would not fall within the legal category. 199 00:14:34,240 --> 00:14:36,720 Many are heading to the UK. 200 00:14:36,720 --> 00:14:40,520 The government here says it wants to smash the people smugglers. 201 00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:45,040 It's brought in tougher prison sentences 202 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:48,200 and made it illegal for people to arrive by dinghy. 203 00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:53,840 But the most controversial plan is to send some asylum seekers, 204 00:14:53,840 --> 00:14:58,600 likely single men, to Africa to have their claims processed. 205 00:15:02,160 --> 00:15:08,280 The government signed a £120 million deal with Rwanda in April, 206 00:15:08,280 --> 00:15:10,880 despite warnings from its own advisers 207 00:15:10,880 --> 00:15:14,080 about human rights abuses in Rwanda 208 00:15:14,080 --> 00:15:18,320 and international concern about the deal's legality. 209 00:15:20,240 --> 00:15:24,160 The legislation is inhumane, it's unethical, 210 00:15:24,160 --> 00:15:27,480 it fails to achieve the very objective of our role, 211 00:15:27,480 --> 00:15:29,720 which is protection of people displaced. 212 00:15:29,720 --> 00:15:32,160 It is in breach of international law. 213 00:15:32,160 --> 00:15:34,200 So obviously, there are concerns. 214 00:15:34,200 --> 00:15:37,440 But our immediate concerns as the UN Refugee Agency 215 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:42,480 concern the lack of safeguards in the asylum system. 216 00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:44,720 We have been working with the Rwandan government 217 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:46,240 to strengthen that system, 218 00:15:46,240 --> 00:15:49,240 but it's one that does not have the safeguards that will protect 219 00:15:49,240 --> 00:15:53,040 the rights of those people, were they to be forcibly transferred 220 00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:55,680 from the United Kingdom to Rwanda. 221 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:04,400 It's not safe for me to go to Rwanda to investigate. 222 00:16:05,840 --> 00:16:08,120 I was threatened after making a film 223 00:16:08,120 --> 00:16:11,680 that challenged the official account of the country's genocide 224 00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:13,120 28 years ago. 225 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:17,160 The government says Rwanda has changed. 226 00:16:19,080 --> 00:16:21,760 There's nothing wrong with the Rwandan human rights record, 227 00:16:21,760 --> 00:16:25,160 no matter what these external organisations say. 228 00:16:25,160 --> 00:16:31,960 We also have surveys and indices that talk about how safe Rwanda is. 229 00:16:31,960 --> 00:16:36,040 We have made tremendous progress in the last 28 years. 230 00:16:36,040 --> 00:16:38,480 Rwandans trust their government. 231 00:16:38,480 --> 00:16:41,840 We have people who come to live here of their own. 232 00:16:41,840 --> 00:16:44,200 We consider ourselves a country of migration. 233 00:16:48,120 --> 00:16:53,000 So far, not a single asylum seeker has been sent to Rwanda. 234 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:55,520 The first flight this summer was grounded 235 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:58,880 by the European Court of Human Rights. 236 00:16:58,880 --> 00:17:01,520 I think we should have grasped the nettle 237 00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:03,800 and actually let that plane take off. 238 00:17:04,960 --> 00:17:06,320 We feel powerless 239 00:17:06,320 --> 00:17:09,320 and the government, I'm sure, feels pretty powerless, 240 00:17:09,320 --> 00:17:11,960 because whichever way it tries to turn, 241 00:17:11,960 --> 00:17:15,440 to actually do things that the population want done properly, 242 00:17:15,440 --> 00:17:19,000 like taking back control, taking control of your borders, 243 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:21,680 we seem to be thwarted by external forces 244 00:17:21,680 --> 00:17:24,200 that are seemingly outside of our control. 245 00:17:28,840 --> 00:17:32,320 Vahid says he fled Iran to Britain 246 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:35,120 because he was persecuted for being a Christian. 247 00:17:36,240 --> 00:17:37,920 The Home Office has told him 248 00:17:37,920 --> 00:17:41,840 they intend to reject his asylum application. 249 00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:44,560 That means he could be sent to Rwanda. 250 00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:51,480 TRANSLATION: The hopes I have had about living in a safe country 251 00:17:51,480 --> 00:17:53,280 all vanished. 252 00:17:54,640 --> 00:17:57,200 If I knew that I would go through so much, 253 00:17:57,200 --> 00:17:58,800 I would never have left. 254 00:18:02,880 --> 00:18:06,520 Vahid says he was forced to work for the people smugglers. 255 00:18:09,880 --> 00:18:13,560 They took us to a place like a warehouse. 256 00:18:15,080 --> 00:18:19,840 We were around 35 to 40 people. 257 00:18:22,560 --> 00:18:25,400 They said, "You must just follow our orders." 258 00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:30,280 Were they violent? 259 00:18:30,280 --> 00:18:31,680 Were you abused? 260 00:18:33,120 --> 00:18:34,560 Yes, they did all of that. 261 00:18:36,600 --> 00:18:39,440 They harassed us, tortured us. 262 00:18:39,440 --> 00:18:41,200 We suffered everything. 263 00:18:44,280 --> 00:18:45,760 He is a genuine Christian. 264 00:18:45,760 --> 00:18:48,560 He was persecuted because of his religious beliefs. 265 00:18:48,560 --> 00:18:51,880 He was persecuted by even the human traffickers. 266 00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:53,800 So he needs help. 267 00:18:53,800 --> 00:18:56,000 We are putting a vulnerable person 268 00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:59,520 as a matter of experiment to a third country like Rwanda 269 00:18:59,520 --> 00:19:03,000 where we know, you know, the government knows, 270 00:19:03,000 --> 00:19:06,840 has a track record where there are a lot of human right breaches. 271 00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:08,280 It's bizarre. 272 00:19:08,280 --> 00:19:10,000 OK, watch your hands. Watch... 273 00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:11,720 Children first. No. 274 00:19:13,040 --> 00:19:14,800 There will be genuine cases 275 00:19:14,800 --> 00:19:17,120 where what people tell you is absolutely true. 276 00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:21,280 But because of the seeming ease by which you can just 277 00:19:21,280 --> 00:19:24,560 pay for your passage, it has devalued the whole thing. 278 00:19:24,560 --> 00:19:28,160 It's young men, well dressed, good haircuts, 279 00:19:28,160 --> 00:19:31,240 new mobile phones, and money in their pocket, 280 00:19:31,240 --> 00:19:35,160 and people struggle to see that these are genuine refugees. 281 00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:42,800 It's here in northern France 282 00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:47,240 that refugees and economic migrants face their final hurdle. 283 00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:49,600 The Channel. 284 00:19:50,760 --> 00:19:54,840 One last dangerous journey to reach the UK. 285 00:19:59,800 --> 00:20:03,400 There's no shortage of customers for the people smugglers. 286 00:20:05,960 --> 00:20:08,600 Where are you aiming to go? Will you stay in France? 287 00:20:08,600 --> 00:20:10,120 Where do you want to go? 288 00:20:10,120 --> 00:20:12,920 Really, I want to go to England. 289 00:20:14,040 --> 00:20:15,880 And do you have family in England? 290 00:20:17,320 --> 00:20:19,760 Yeah, I have my brother. 291 00:20:20,760 --> 00:20:22,840 He's in England. 292 00:20:22,840 --> 00:20:25,160 And do you know that the British government is saying 293 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:29,080 that it will send people to Rwanda if they're not accepted? 294 00:20:29,080 --> 00:20:31,760 I know that, but what can I do? 295 00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:33,360 Just, I want to stay in England. 296 00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:41,080 The opposition to the government's Rwanda plan starts here. 297 00:20:42,960 --> 00:20:45,720 Care4Calais is one of a number of groups 298 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:49,280 challenging the legality of the policy in the British courts. 299 00:20:51,120 --> 00:20:54,280 If you get to the UK, then you use this leaflet. 300 00:20:54,280 --> 00:20:57,200 These phone numbers will help you, 301 00:20:57,200 --> 00:21:00,840 and we will get you a lawyer to stop Rwanda. OK. 302 00:21:00,840 --> 00:21:03,320 And you tell your friends, as well, OK? 303 00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:05,000 It's very, very important. 304 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:06,160 NO SPEECH AUDIBLE 305 00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:09,600 Government would see this as thwarting 306 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:12,200 the will of the government and of public opinion 307 00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:16,440 in stopping asylum seekers claiming asylum wrongly. 308 00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:18,600 The lawyers couldn't help them 309 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:20,920 if they didn't have the rights there to help them. 310 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:23,600 We have the rights and we help them stand by it. 311 00:21:23,600 --> 00:21:26,000 It is brutal and cruel and wrong 312 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:27,840 because the United Kingdom is not supposed to 313 00:21:27,840 --> 00:21:30,080 abuse people's human rights. 314 00:21:30,080 --> 00:21:32,520 We are not...that is not who we are. 315 00:21:32,520 --> 00:21:35,120 And if we say yes to this, then that is what we are doing. 316 00:21:43,680 --> 00:21:47,760 But some refugees say they are having second thoughts. 317 00:21:57,360 --> 00:22:00,880 The plan to send asylum seekers to Rwanda, will it stop you? 318 00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:08,560 So will you stop trying to go to the UK 319 00:22:08,560 --> 00:22:10,560 because of Rwanda, or will you still try? 320 00:22:20,680 --> 00:22:25,680 There's a network of criminal gangs that get people across the Channel. 321 00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:29,960 And the smuggler we met in Turkey is part of it. 322 00:22:34,360 --> 00:22:38,680 We buy a dinghy and install a motor for about $10,000, $20,000. 323 00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:47,840 One of the passengers goes for free in return for navigating the boat. 324 00:22:59,000 --> 00:23:01,040 They just go straight across the Channel. 325 00:23:06,160 --> 00:23:10,040 When they reach the UK, they just turn themselves over to the police. 326 00:23:23,240 --> 00:23:26,040 For now, the people smugglers are winning. 327 00:23:30,880 --> 00:23:34,360 There are scenes like this most days in Dover. 328 00:23:35,680 --> 00:23:40,400 Exhausted asylum seekers setting foot on British soil. 329 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:45,680 Well, I've counted more than 100 people coming off the boat 330 00:23:45,680 --> 00:23:47,880 and still they're arriving. 331 00:23:47,880 --> 00:23:51,240 And we know there are at least two other Border Force vessels 332 00:23:51,240 --> 00:23:55,160 out there in the Channel right now, still picking up migrants. 333 00:24:01,760 --> 00:24:07,080 The day we filmed was the busiest for crossings since records began. 334 00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:11,680 1,295 made the trip in one day. 335 00:24:13,800 --> 00:24:16,240 Many are men from Albania, 336 00:24:16,240 --> 00:24:19,600 where people smugglers are offering cut-price rates. 337 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:25,320 Everyone arriving needs food, clothing and health care. 338 00:24:27,200 --> 00:24:29,640 The government says it's now spending 339 00:24:29,640 --> 00:24:33,920 around £5 million a day just on hotels. 340 00:24:33,920 --> 00:24:37,480 My email inbox is full of people with accommodation problems, 341 00:24:37,480 --> 00:24:40,560 so when they then hear that there is another 342 00:24:40,560 --> 00:24:44,080 big, large number of people, no matter which route they come in, 343 00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:46,040 these numbers become alarming to people 344 00:24:46,040 --> 00:24:49,320 cos they know that many of our services that we all want 345 00:24:49,320 --> 00:24:51,600 are not exactly working perfectly now, 346 00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:53,600 and this will simply add to the pressure. 347 00:24:57,640 --> 00:24:59,280 The government told us 348 00:24:59,280 --> 00:25:01,920 its "world-leading partnership with Rwanda" 349 00:25:01,920 --> 00:25:06,360 is a key part of "plans to fix the broken asylum system". 350 00:25:07,480 --> 00:25:11,440 It still wants to "break the business model" of people smugglers 351 00:25:11,440 --> 00:25:14,280 and "prevent further loss of life". 352 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:18,000 It says Rwanda is a "safe and secure country" 353 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:21,600 with a "strong track record of supporting asylum seekers". 354 00:25:28,560 --> 00:25:32,000 Earlier this month, the government returned to the courts 355 00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:35,400 to argue that its Rwanda plan is safe and legal. 356 00:25:37,160 --> 00:25:40,520 A ruling on whether it can start removing asylum seekers 357 00:25:40,520 --> 00:25:42,720 is expected later this autumn. 358 00:25:43,840 --> 00:25:47,040 Even if the UK government wins the court case, 359 00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:51,720 it's only likely to send a couple of hundred people to Rwanda. 360 00:25:51,720 --> 00:25:55,680 That's all the government there says it has the capacity to hold. 361 00:25:55,680 --> 00:25:58,200 That's unlikely to stop the people smugglers, 362 00:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,360 who are bringing thousands to Britain. 363 00:26:03,640 --> 00:26:06,120 The numbers are going up. 364 00:26:06,120 --> 00:26:08,760 The people who are taking these journeys are well aware 365 00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:12,160 that they are at risk of being transferred to Rwanda. 366 00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:13,600 It's not stopping them. 367 00:26:16,280 --> 00:26:18,880 What is being achieved here? Almost nothing. 368 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:20,840 It's hugely expensive, 369 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:23,000 and the very high probability 370 00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:27,680 is that those that do come to Rwanda will leave very, very quickly 371 00:26:27,680 --> 00:26:29,840 and we're right back where we started again. 372 00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:42,080 This month, the number of arrivals by boat reached a new record. 373 00:26:43,320 --> 00:26:47,400 Over 30,000 so far this year. 374 00:26:47,400 --> 00:26:50,160 That's already more than the whole of last year. 375 00:26:51,640 --> 00:26:54,360 What do local people think about all this? 376 00:26:54,360 --> 00:26:57,080 I think they're getting a little bit tired of it now, really, 377 00:26:57,080 --> 00:26:59,560 myself included. 378 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:01,160 Do you think the numbers will carry on? 379 00:27:01,160 --> 00:27:02,880 We're now in early autumn, 380 00:27:02,880 --> 00:27:05,000 but is there any sign of the numbers stopping? 381 00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:06,760 No, no, not at all. 382 00:27:06,760 --> 00:27:08,920 I mean, it gets... It just seems to get busier. 383 00:27:12,880 --> 00:27:16,400 The last time I saw the people smuggler in Istanbul, 384 00:27:16,400 --> 00:27:18,560 he was buying this new boat. 385 00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:23,080 His business is growing. 386 00:27:24,720 --> 00:27:27,080 The British government has announced a plan 387 00:27:27,080 --> 00:27:30,800 to send asylum seekers to Rwanda. 388 00:27:30,800 --> 00:27:32,560 Will this make a difference? 389 00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:38,280 Even if they sent a thousand people a day to Rwanda, they won't stop. 390 00:27:38,280 --> 00:27:39,760 People won't change their mind. 391 00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:47,680 They aren't afraid of dying, and if they're not afraid of death, 392 00:27:47,680 --> 00:27:49,680 they won't be afraid of going to Rwanda. 393 00:27:57,640 --> 00:28:00,080 The government says it's determined 394 00:28:00,080 --> 00:28:02,680 to break the people smugglers' business model. 395 00:28:04,360 --> 00:28:06,120 But there's no sign of it yet. 396 00:28:07,520 --> 00:28:11,200 The numbers arriving in the UK are still rising.