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(THEME MUSIC)
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Hello.
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Most of us remember
our first teenage relationships.
Hello.
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Most of us remember
our first teenage relationships.
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They can be exciting,
confusing, exhilarating,
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They can be exciting,
confusing, exhilarating,
sometimes heartbreaking.
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sometimes heartbreaking.
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They're an important part
of growing up.
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Sadly, though, police are seeing
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more instances
of young people coming forward
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to report relationships marked by
coercive control and assault.
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When Anna Coutts-Trotter
first told her mother,
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the Federal Environment Minister,
Tanya Plibersek,
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what was going on
in her relationship,
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it was the beginning
of both the family's biggest test
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it was the beginning
and a passionate new cause for Anna.
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and a passionate new cause for Anna.
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Wow! It's so profesh.
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Brenda, come look at
how professional we are.
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Take it all in.
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The last few years has
definitely been a bit of a juggle.
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I'm most excited about the food!
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But even though it's really hard
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and it can be
really retraumatising,
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I...I want to be able to use
my voice to make changes.
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I still have, like, 10 more to write,
but not tonight.
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Not tonight.
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Presents with us.
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Another hamper?!
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Anna is incredibly motivated.
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She's great at motivating the team.
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She's great at getting things done.
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She's great at helping people.
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Hey!
Hey!
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How are you?
Good!
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So good to see you.
Thanks for coming.
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Anna wants to ensure that
not one more person experiences
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Anna wants to ensure that
even a tenth of what she had to.
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even a tenth of what she had to.
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That's right. Just do, um, ankles up.
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Yes. Keep going.
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(LAUGHS)
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Anna has taken something chaotic
(LAUGHS)
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Anna has taken something chaotic
and hurtful and meaningless
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Anna has taken something chaotic
and terrible for her...
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and terrible for her...
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Hello, darling.
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..and turned it into something
positive and remarkable.
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But for that,
this whole thing, I think,
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would have fractured our family.
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But because of that,
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it has deepened
the love we feel for each other.
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TANYA PLIBERSEK: She told me
some of the things
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that had been happening to her
in the relationship.
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I mean, honestly, I wanted
to kill him for hurting my child.
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It's no surprise
it could happen to our daughter.
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It can happen to anyone.
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Let's see what a good cook you are.
OK.
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Would be good if you come every...
every day and cook for me.
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The last few years
have been really tough on my family
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and they've been
really, really supportive.
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Is that thin enough?
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And you've got to put some oil
on your fingers.
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I'm very, very close with my family,
And you've got to put some oil
on your fingers.
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I'm very, very close with my family,
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particularly my brothers
and my parents.
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particularly my brothers
and my parents.
Anna, this is enough now.
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Anna, this is enough now.
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Probably put a little bit of oil
and do with your fingers, OK?
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Probably put a little bit of oil
My grandmother on my mum's side,
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My grandmother on my mum's side,
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we still go and visit her
very regularly.
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we still go and visit her
She loves to cook.
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She loves to cook.
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It looks good watching you do it, Ba.
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Michael and I both really value
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having those close
Michael and I both really value
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having those close
family relationships.
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And if you can cut
a little bit off the end,
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And if you can cut
that will keep them fresh longer.
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that will keep them fresh longer.
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No, no, not that much. Just take
that will keep them fresh longer.
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No, no, not that much. Just take
about a... two centimetres.
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No, no, not that much. Just take
Perfect.
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Perfect.
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No, I should have
put some walnuts in...
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MICHAEL: Undo it and do it again.
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You are...
What's wrong with you?
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(CHUCKLES) No, no, it's fine.
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Are you giving Ba some direction
on her strudel, Dad?
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Are you giving Ba some direction
Oh, that's a... Isn't that clever?
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Oh, that's a... Isn't that clever?
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TANYA: Both of us
work pretty long hours.
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I'm away from home
quite a lot of the year,
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but we try and make sure
that there are normal things,
I'm away from home
quite a lot of the year,
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but we try and make sure
that there are normal things,
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but we try and make sure
um, for the kids to look forward to.
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um, for the kids to look forward to.
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um, for the kids to look forward to.
I think I've got
a close relationship
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I think I've got
a close relationship
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with all three of the kids.
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Anna and I are very close.
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There you go.
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Oh!
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When I was younger,
I loved to go to work with Mum.
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When I was younger,
When I went to my first protest,
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When I went to my first protest,
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I was younger than a year old.
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MICHAEL: Tanya was extraordinary.
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She took all three kids
with her to Canberra.
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She took all three kids
Yes. Oh, terrific.
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Yes. Oh, terrific.
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Very excited about the new role,
Yes. Oh, terrific.
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Very excited about the new role,
yes.
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Very excited about the new role,
JULIA GILLARD: Your Excellency,
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JULIA GILLARD: Your Excellency,
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I present the Honourable
Tanya Joan Plibersek MP,
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to be Minister for Human Services
and Minister for Social Inclusion.
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to be Minister for Human Services
My parents have always instilled
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My parents have always instilled
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a sense of social justice principles
My parents have always instilled
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a sense of social justice principles
in me from a very young age,
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a sense of social justice principles
and I've always been really aware
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and I've always been really aware
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of the world around me
and the people in it.
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WOMAN: Ms Plibersek,
can we get a photo with your family,
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WOMAN: Ms Plibersek,
if that's OK?
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if that's OK?
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Just all nice and close.
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TANYA: We've raised our kids,
I hope,
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to be thoughtful,
independent-minded, kind.
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And I think Anna has that
absolutely in spades.
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I was Anna's teacher
in high school for...for six years.
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Anna had a really strong sense,
always, of social justice.
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She was actually awarded a...
not only a principal's award,
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She was actually awarded a...
but a Department of Education award
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but a Department of Education award
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in recognition of her service
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at a local aged care facility.
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She almost single-handedly
ran an International Women's Day
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She almost single-handedly
at the school.
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at the school.
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I loved being at high school.
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When I started Year 10, everything
I loved being at high school.
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When I started Year 10, everything
was going really well for me,
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When I started Year 10, everything
and towards the end of the year,
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and towards the end of the year,
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I started my first
teenage relationship.
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He was in another year
at a different school.
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The beginning of the relationship
was great.
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I felt loved.
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I felt as though he cared about me.
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MICHAEL: It didn't seem
there was anything unusual
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or remarkable about it.
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The boy seemed...
or remarkable about it.
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The boy seemed...
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..unremarkable.
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..unremarkable.
There was nothing
that really signalled great danger.
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There was nothing
that really signalled great danger.
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It was exactly what I thought
relationships were at that age.
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When we weren't texting,
we were calling or FaceTiming.
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I shared my location with him
on my phone,
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I shared my location with him
so when I wasn't with him in person,
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so when I wasn't with him in person,
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I was still
constantly available to him.
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MAN: At first,
I didn't really think much of it,
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but as things went on,
sometimes she'd panic
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if she realised she'd gone
more than a couple of hours
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without messaging him or letting him
know what was happening.
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And there was almost a fear
without messaging him or letting him
know what was happening.
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And there was almost a fear
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And there was almost a fear
if she didn't check in.
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of what would happen
if she didn't check in.
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I spent a lot of time at his house.
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It became normal for me
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that I needed to ask him
for permission
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that I needed to ask him
to do things that I wanted to do,
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to do things that I wanted to do,
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or see people I wanted to see.
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MICHAEL: A very broad,
very social life
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MICHAEL: A very broad,
became much narrower
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became much narrower
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until finally she was really only
socialising with...with one person.
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When my parents would sort of
push back and they would say,
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"I'm worried about you.
push back and they would say,
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"I'm worried about you.
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"I'm worried about, you know,
this relationship that you're in",
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I would spend more time with him.
this relationship that you're in",
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I would spend more time with him.
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TANYA: She'd gone from being
very close with us
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TANYA: She'd gone from being
to more distant, more secretive.
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to more distant, more secretive.
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I don't think I really understood
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what she was going through,
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and she certainly didn't...
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..um, tell me the...the details
of what she was going through.
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..um, tell me the...the details
She told me she was unhappy.
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She told me she was unhappy.
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I was experiencing violence
in the relationship that I was in,
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but I didn't want to
worry my parents.
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I thought that I had some kind of
control over the situation.
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I thought that, you know,
this was a temporary thing
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that would get better
and everything would be OK.
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that would get better
And I didn't want to upset them.
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And I didn't want to upset them.
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When I looked at my peers,
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what I saw was
what I was experiencing very often.
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what I saw was
And so I kind of just thought,
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And so I kind of just thought,
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"Maybe this is what
And so I kind of just thought,
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"Maybe this is what
teenage relationships are like."
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JAMES: Anna's story
is definitely not uncommon.
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You notice a culture
around some young men
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of feeling like they have a right
to treat women in that sort of way.
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I would make it very clear
my views on the relationship
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I would make it very clear
and how unhealthy it seemed,
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and how unhealthy it seemed,
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and sort of tried to steer her
in the direction of ending it.
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It really destroyed
her self-confidence
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and her sense of self-worth.
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I told myself that I wasn't worthy
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because he told me I wasn't worthy.
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I started to control
the way that I was eating
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because I thought I could control
the way I looked,
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because that's what he was telling me
about myself.
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School was an escape for me.
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But there are also times in school
where I became really distressed.
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KAREN: With Anna, I noticed
a change in her, in her demeanour.
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She withdrew a little bit
in the classroom.
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There was one occasion
when I noticed her very upset.
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I asked her what was wrong.
There was one occasion
when I noticed her very upset.
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I asked her what was wrong.
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She...she sort of brushed it off
a little bit
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She...she sort of brushed it off
a little bit
as...as, you know,
as teenagers often do,
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as...as, you know,
as teenagers often do,
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and said that
she was having some boy problems,
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and said that
but it was nothing, you know.
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but it was nothing, you know.
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JAMES: As things went on,
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it definitely got
a lot more tumultuous.
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I distinctly remember
one evening her telling me about
it definitely got
a lot more tumultuous.
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I distinctly remember
one evening her telling me about
243
00:09:45,580 --> 00:09:45,820
how, um, aggressive he could be.
one evening her telling me about
244
00:09:45,820 --> 00:09:48,940
how, um, aggressive he could be.
245
00:09:50,260 --> 00:09:54,980
I experienced
every kind of abuse imaginable.
246
00:09:54,980 --> 00:09:58,500
The abuse became worse
and it became more physical.
247
00:09:58,500 --> 00:10:02,540
And there was a time
towards the end of the relationship
248
00:10:02,540 --> 00:10:04,500
where I knew
that I needed to leave him.
249
00:10:04,500 --> 00:10:07,100
I wanted to tell Mum and Dad
what had happened
250
00:10:07,100 --> 00:10:07,340
I wanted to tell Mum and Dad
and what I'd experienced,
251
00:10:07,340 --> 00:10:08,340
and what I'd experienced,
252
00:10:08,340 --> 00:10:10,300
and I didn't know how to tell them.
253
00:10:10,300 --> 00:10:10,540
I didn't know exactly
and I didn't know how to tell them.
254
00:10:10,540 --> 00:10:12,780
I didn't know exactly
what I wanted them to know.
255
00:10:25,980 --> 00:10:30,340
TANYA: It really wasn't until
she and I were at dinner one night,
256
00:10:30,340 --> 00:10:30,580
TANYA: It really wasn't until
just the two of us, that she, uh,
257
00:10:30,580 --> 00:10:33,740
just the two of us, that she, uh,
258
00:10:33,740 --> 00:10:36,740
told me some of the things
that had been happening to her.
259
00:10:37,700 --> 00:10:39,900
She was worried about my reaction.
260
00:10:39,900 --> 00:10:42,500
She was worried about
her father's reaction.
261
00:10:42,500 --> 00:10:44,740
I remember being shocked
262
00:10:44,740 --> 00:10:46,580
when she started to describe to me
263
00:10:46,580 --> 00:10:49,140
some of the things that
had happened in the relationship.
264
00:10:50,340 --> 00:10:55,740
I probably kept some of
how I was feeling from her,
265
00:10:55,740 --> 00:10:59,300
because I didn't want her
to be worried about upsetting me.
266
00:11:02,300 --> 00:11:05,900
MICHAEL: I had a period, Tanya had
a period, of just asking ourselves,
267
00:11:05,900 --> 00:11:07,300
"What did we miss?
268
00:11:07,300 --> 00:11:07,500
"What were the signs?
"What did we miss?
269
00:11:07,500 --> 00:11:08,340
"What were the signs?
270
00:11:08,340 --> 00:11:11,900
"What could we have...
what should we have picked up on?"
271
00:11:11,900 --> 00:11:12,180
"What could we have...
what should we have picked up on?"
There were a collection of things,
in retrospect,
272
00:11:12,180 --> 00:11:15,260
There were a collection of things,
in retrospect,
273
00:11:15,260 --> 00:11:19,420
that seem a lot more sinister now
than they seemed at the time.
274
00:11:21,140 --> 00:11:25,700
TANYA: I worked in domestic violence
before I went into parliament.
275
00:11:25,700 --> 00:11:28,220
Every experience of abuse
is different,
276
00:11:28,220 --> 00:11:32,020
but there are some
real common threads.
277
00:11:33,100 --> 00:11:37,940
He deliberately isolated her from
her friends and from her family.
278
00:11:37,940 --> 00:11:38,180
He deliberately isolated her from
He made her excuse his behaviour.
279
00:11:38,180 --> 00:11:41,060
He made her excuse his behaviour.
280
00:11:41,060 --> 00:11:45,020
He made it her responsibility
how he behaved.
281
00:11:45,020 --> 00:11:48,300
And I think that's clearly
what was happening here.
282
00:11:48,300 --> 00:11:52,380
Anna was making excuses
for the behaviour.
283
00:11:52,380 --> 00:11:56,380
She was making excuses
for the bruising I saw on her.
284
00:11:56,380 --> 00:11:56,620
She was making excuses
I think that makes her typical
285
00:11:56,620 --> 00:11:58,860
I think that makes her typical
286
00:11:58,860 --> 00:12:02,140
of most people
who have a similar experience.
287
00:12:03,340 --> 00:12:06,180
MICHAEL: As a parent, you want
to protect your children.
288
00:12:07,220 --> 00:12:10,420
And as a father, particularly,
you want to protect your daughter.
289
00:12:10,420 --> 00:12:10,660
And as a father, particularly,
The feeling of a parent
290
00:12:10,660 --> 00:12:14,220
The feeling of a parent
291
00:12:14,220 --> 00:12:16,700
to hear from their child
292
00:12:16,700 --> 00:12:22,260
that they've been
terribly hurt by somebody else,
293
00:12:22,260 --> 00:12:28,580
you just have an immense
feeling of...of anger, of regret
294
00:12:28,580 --> 00:12:33,300
and, inevitably,
a feeling of failure as a parent,
295
00:12:33,300 --> 00:12:33,540
and, inevitably,
that there is something that is
296
00:12:33,540 --> 00:12:35,940
that there is something that is
297
00:12:35,940 --> 00:12:38,500
a profound responsibility
of a parent to a child,
298
00:12:38,500 --> 00:12:43,900
which is to give them
a safe home in which to grow up.
299
00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:48,180
And it proved not to be a safe home.
300
00:12:48,180 --> 00:12:50,460
Sometimes, you know,
he hurt her here.
301
00:12:51,420 --> 00:12:52,460
So...
302
00:12:54,060 --> 00:12:55,980
Yeah, it was a terrible experience.
303
00:12:57,140 --> 00:13:00,700
Both Mum and Dad had said to me,
"How can we show up for you?
304
00:13:00,700 --> 00:13:00,940
Both Mum and Dad had said to me,
"How can we support you?"
305
00:13:00,940 --> 00:13:02,100
"How can we support you?"
306
00:13:02,100 --> 00:13:05,900
I never felt, um,
as though they didn't understand.
307
00:13:07,860 --> 00:13:11,220
There was the question of whether
or not I might report to the police,
308
00:13:11,220 --> 00:13:14,900
and I was really concerned
that they wouldn't believe me.
309
00:13:14,900 --> 00:13:17,660
But I did end up
speaking to the police,
310
00:13:17,660 --> 00:13:17,900
But I did end up
and the police were really helpful
311
00:13:17,900 --> 00:13:19,860
and the police were really helpful
312
00:13:19,860 --> 00:13:22,740
in helping me identify
what I'd experienced.
313
00:13:22,740 --> 00:13:24,780
How's that job working itself up?
Yeah, good.
314
00:13:24,780 --> 00:13:28,180
Been a detective with the New South
Wales Police for over 20 years.
315
00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:28,420
Been a detective with the New South
Really appreciate it. Thanks.
316
00:13:28,420 --> 00:13:29,260
Really appreciate it. Thanks.
317
00:13:29,260 --> 00:13:31,180
Police are increasingly seeing
318
00:13:31,180 --> 00:13:31,420
instances of domestic
and sexual abuse
Police are increasingly seeing
319
00:13:31,420 --> 00:13:34,580
instances of domestic
and sexual abuse
320
00:13:34,580 --> 00:13:37,740
in the context of
teen relationships.
321
00:13:37,740 --> 00:13:38,020
in the context of
teen relationships.
Young people are increasingly
being exposed to adult concepts
322
00:13:38,020 --> 00:13:41,660
Young people are increasingly
being exposed to adult concepts
323
00:13:41,660 --> 00:13:41,900
Young people are increasingly
at an earlier age.
324
00:13:41,900 --> 00:13:43,500
at an earlier age.
325
00:13:44,620 --> 00:13:49,300
We know that domestic family and
sexual violence is under-reported
326
00:13:49,300 --> 00:13:50,580
as a crime-type generally,
327
00:13:50,580 --> 00:13:52,220
and it's even more so the case
328
00:13:52,220 --> 00:13:54,100
when we're dealing with
younger persons.
329
00:13:56,020 --> 00:13:58,220
I think that because I was so young,
330
00:13:58,220 --> 00:13:59,380
it was really hard for me
331
00:13:59,380 --> 00:14:03,420
to identify with the idea of it
being domestic violence.
332
00:14:03,420 --> 00:14:06,300
When I thought of domestic violence,
like many other people,
333
00:14:06,300 --> 00:14:06,540
I thought about marriages,
When I thought of domestic violence,
like many other people,
334
00:14:06,540 --> 00:14:07,780
I thought about marriages,
335
00:14:07,780 --> 00:14:10,020
thought about mortgages,
I thought about children,
336
00:14:10,020 --> 00:14:13,100
I thought about people
who were a lot older than me.
337
00:14:14,260 --> 00:14:17,820
TOM: One of the greatest challenges
they face is speaking up.
338
00:14:17,820 --> 00:14:18,060
TOM: One of the greatest challenges
We certainly encourage
339
00:14:18,060 --> 00:14:19,780
We certainly encourage
340
00:14:19,780 --> 00:14:24,020
those survivors that want to
make a complaint to do so.
341
00:14:24,020 --> 00:14:28,820
But the decision to engage
with the criminal justice system
342
00:14:28,820 --> 00:14:29,060
But the decision to engage
is a significant one,
343
00:14:29,060 --> 00:14:30,500
is a significant one,
344
00:14:30,500 --> 00:14:34,260
and to some extent
involves jumping into the unknown.
345
00:14:34,260 --> 00:14:36,500
Even though I was still terrified
346
00:14:36,500 --> 00:14:39,620
and really uncertain
of what it would look like,
347
00:14:39,620 --> 00:14:43,420
I did still decide to report
and go to court.
348
00:14:43,420 --> 00:14:46,420
I thought it was an incredibly
courageous thing to do,
349
00:14:46,420 --> 00:14:46,660
I thought it was an incredibly
and I know that her whole motivation
350
00:14:46,660 --> 00:14:49,300
and I know that her whole motivation
351
00:14:49,300 --> 00:14:50,980
was to stop him
hurting other people.
352
00:14:52,700 --> 00:14:55,620
The lead-up to court was horrible.
353
00:14:55,620 --> 00:14:55,860
It wasn't only hard for me,
The lead-up to court was horrible.
354
00:14:55,860 --> 00:14:58,940
It wasn't only hard for me,
it was also really hard for my family
355
00:14:58,940 --> 00:15:02,820
and it was causing a lot of distress
in my family,
356
00:15:02,820 --> 00:15:03,060
and it was causing a lot of distress
particularly to my parents.
357
00:15:03,060 --> 00:15:04,900
particularly to my parents.
358
00:15:04,900 --> 00:15:08,260
You know, it was the first time
that I'd seen my dad cry.
359
00:15:11,340 --> 00:15:14,780
It was an incredibly complex
emotional experience for her.
360
00:15:14,780 --> 00:15:15,020
It was an incredibly complex
And so we worried a lot
361
00:15:15,020 --> 00:15:17,460
And so we worried a lot
362
00:15:17,460 --> 00:15:21,020
that she would feel
this responsibility
363
00:15:21,020 --> 00:15:21,260
that she would feel
for the feelings in the whole family
364
00:15:21,260 --> 00:15:24,420
for the feelings in the whole family
365
00:15:24,420 --> 00:15:28,580
and that anger,
that...that pain...
366
00:15:28,580 --> 00:15:29,980
..that sadness...
367
00:15:30,980 --> 00:15:32,460
..it's not her responsibility.
368
00:15:32,460 --> 00:15:35,060
It was the responsibility
of the person who hurt her.
369
00:15:36,740 --> 00:15:40,580
For this long period of time, while
I was waiting for court to start...
370
00:15:41,860 --> 00:15:43,820
..the police had told me very clearly
371
00:15:43,820 --> 00:15:45,700
that I wasn't allowed
to have conversations
372
00:15:45,700 --> 00:15:50,260
with my family and friends
who may be called as witnesses.
373
00:15:50,260 --> 00:15:54,620
And so, living in the one house
but not able to discuss
374
00:15:54,620 --> 00:15:54,900
this enormous thing
that's happening for our child,
And so, living in the one house
but not able to discuss
375
00:15:54,900 --> 00:15:59,580
this enormous thing
that's happening for our child,
376
00:15:59,580 --> 00:15:59,820
this enormous thing
that's happening for our child,
and knowing, you know,
377
00:15:59,820 --> 00:16:02,980
and knowing, you know,
378
00:16:02,980 --> 00:16:08,140
that somewhere someone
is coaching the defendant,
379
00:16:08,140 --> 00:16:08,380
that somewhere someone
uh, it's a...it's a...
380
00:16:08,380 --> 00:16:10,620
uh, it's a...it's a...
381
00:16:10,620 --> 00:16:14,940
It's an isolating and unequal
relationship.
382
00:16:15,980 --> 00:16:19,700
I felt like I had nobody who
understood what I was going through.
383
00:16:19,700 --> 00:16:21,820
I felt completely alone
in the process.
384
00:16:21,820 --> 00:16:25,260
This huge thing is happening to me
and I don't know what to expect
385
00:16:25,260 --> 00:16:27,500
and I don't know how I'm going
to survive it.
386
00:16:30,900 --> 00:16:33,820
If you can find good things
in this whole experience,
387
00:16:33,820 --> 00:16:37,460
one of the best things
that happened for Anna
388
00:16:37,460 --> 00:16:40,180
was she met another young woman,
called Bek.
389
00:16:42,140 --> 00:16:44,020
A couple days before court started,
390
00:16:44,020 --> 00:16:47,740
I went to court and I really wanted
to familiarise myself
391
00:16:47,740 --> 00:16:47,980
I went to court and I really wanted
with what it would look like.
392
00:16:47,980 --> 00:16:49,100
with what it would look like.
393
00:16:49,100 --> 00:16:51,580
I wanted to know
where will he be sitting?
394
00:16:51,580 --> 00:16:52,820
Where would I be sitting?
395
00:16:52,820 --> 00:16:53,020
I was sitting outside my courtroom
Where would I be sitting?
396
00:16:53,020 --> 00:16:55,660
I was sitting outside my courtroom
397
00:16:55,660 --> 00:17:01,500
as the court was taking place for
the trial against my perpetrator,
398
00:17:01,500 --> 00:17:01,780
as the court was taking place for
the trial against my perpetrator,
and I noticed another younger girl
sitting also outside the courtroom,
399
00:17:01,780 --> 00:17:05,020
and I noticed another younger girl
sitting also outside the courtroom,
400
00:17:05,020 --> 00:17:08,380
which was unusual that there was
someone else hanging around.
401
00:17:10,380 --> 00:17:13,780
So she was very anxious,
and she began to ask me questions
402
00:17:13,780 --> 00:17:16,820
about the experience that I'd had
up until this point.
403
00:17:18,260 --> 00:17:20,900
Bek and I spoke for a few hours
404
00:17:20,900 --> 00:17:21,140
about what to expect
Bek and I spoke for a few hours
405
00:17:21,140 --> 00:17:23,380
about what to expect
in the court process
406
00:17:23,380 --> 00:17:26,740
but she also spent so much time
just supporting me
407
00:17:26,740 --> 00:17:29,460
and telling me that she knew
exactly how it felt
408
00:17:29,460 --> 00:17:29,700
and telling me that she knew
to be sitting there in my position.
409
00:17:29,700 --> 00:17:32,060
to be sitting there in my position.
410
00:17:32,060 --> 00:17:35,180
I felt like she knew me
at that time
411
00:17:35,180 --> 00:17:37,820
the best that anybody in my life
knew me.
412
00:17:37,820 --> 00:17:41,620
I think our conversations
and our solidarity
413
00:17:41,620 --> 00:17:44,540
gave her the courage to be able
to walk through
414
00:17:44,540 --> 00:17:44,780
gave her the courage to be able
what she was about to walk through.
415
00:17:44,780 --> 00:17:46,180
what she was about to walk through.
416
00:17:56,380 --> 00:17:59,140
On the first day of the trial,
417
00:17:59,140 --> 00:18:02,620
Anna was incredibly nervous
418
00:18:02,620 --> 00:18:05,380
and Tanya and I were...
419
00:18:06,540 --> 00:18:11,420
..deeply worried about what
the experience would be like.
420
00:18:14,820 --> 00:18:19,540
The irony was that the job I held
at that time gave me,
421
00:18:19,540 --> 00:18:23,380
as the head of the Department
of Communities and Justice,
422
00:18:23,380 --> 00:18:27,060
administrative responsibility
for supporting the court system.
423
00:18:28,340 --> 00:18:30,740
So I thought I knew about it
424
00:18:30,740 --> 00:18:32,700
but the experience of it
425
00:18:32,700 --> 00:18:35,700
is immensely frustrating
on occasions.
426
00:18:36,700 --> 00:18:41,460
It feels like it's not a fair fight.
427
00:18:45,540 --> 00:18:48,020
I think if I had known
428
00:18:48,020 --> 00:18:51,020
how incredibly difficult the process
would have been,
429
00:18:51,020 --> 00:18:53,980
I would have begged her
not to do it. It's...
430
00:18:55,300 --> 00:18:57,500
..excoriating. It's, um...
431
00:18:58,780 --> 00:19:01,420
I mean, I gave evidence
for three hours
432
00:19:01,420 --> 00:19:06,180
and I came home and was shattered
for the rest of the day.
433
00:19:06,180 --> 00:19:06,420
and I came home and was shattered
I... It was...
434
00:19:06,420 --> 00:19:07,940
I... It was...
435
00:19:09,380 --> 00:19:13,260
..emotionally exhausting in a way
that took a toll physically.
436
00:19:13,260 --> 00:19:16,140
I've never experienced
anything like that before.
437
00:19:16,140 --> 00:19:16,380
I've never experienced
She gave evidence for three days.
438
00:19:16,380 --> 00:19:18,260
She gave evidence for three days.
439
00:19:18,260 --> 00:19:20,020
I don't know how she did it.
440
00:19:21,340 --> 00:19:24,140
I felt as though I was on trial.
441
00:19:25,420 --> 00:19:27,980
I felt as though everything I'd done,
442
00:19:27,980 --> 00:19:30,860
all the ways that I had responded,
that were natural to me
443
00:19:30,860 --> 00:19:31,100
all the ways that I had responded,
and natural to many other survivors,
444
00:19:31,100 --> 00:19:33,860
and natural to many other survivors,
445
00:19:33,860 --> 00:19:36,060
were being used against me.
446
00:19:36,060 --> 00:19:38,540
The fact that I hadn't told people
straightaway,
447
00:19:38,540 --> 00:19:41,300
the way I maintained contact
with him,
448
00:19:41,300 --> 00:19:41,540
the way I maintained contact
they were all used against me.
449
00:19:41,540 --> 00:19:43,780
they were all used against me.
450
00:19:43,780 --> 00:19:47,620
I honestly couldn't believe that,
451
00:19:47,620 --> 00:19:50,060
you know, in this day and age,
452
00:19:50,060 --> 00:19:52,620
there were still questions
about what she was wearing
453
00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:55,700
and how she was behaving,
what she'd had to drink.
454
00:19:55,700 --> 00:19:55,940
and how she was behaving,
The implication that she was lying,
455
00:19:55,940 --> 00:20:00,860
The implication that she was lying,
456
00:20:00,860 --> 00:20:06,060
the implication that she had
a, you know, something to gain
457
00:20:06,060 --> 00:20:10,100
from this horrific experience
of going to court.
458
00:20:12,820 --> 00:20:16,860
I understand the process and I
understand why it is the way it is
459
00:20:16,860 --> 00:20:21,740
but it feels from the side of the
person who is making the complaint,
460
00:20:21,740 --> 00:20:24,700
who is the victim survivor
and their family,
461
00:20:24,700 --> 00:20:24,940
that you're playing by the rules -
who is the victim survivor
and their family,
462
00:20:24,940 --> 00:20:28,260
that you're playing by the rules -
463
00:20:28,260 --> 00:20:30,740
and it's important,
the rules matter -
464
00:20:30,740 --> 00:20:33,700
and the prosecution is there
to uphold the law.
465
00:20:35,100 --> 00:20:40,100
But the defence is there to use
anything and everything
466
00:20:40,100 --> 00:20:44,060
to discredit the character,
the truthfulness...
467
00:20:45,220 --> 00:20:50,140
..the believability of someone
you love
468
00:20:50,140 --> 00:20:53,380
and you know as a person of honesty
and integrity.
469
00:21:10,460 --> 00:21:15,020
I was at home
when I heard the verdicts
470
00:21:15,020 --> 00:21:17,420
and I immediately called my parents.
471
00:21:18,580 --> 00:21:24,500
They were both home within
15 minutes and I was in my bed,
472
00:21:24,500 --> 00:21:24,740
They were both home within
incredibly distressed,
473
00:21:24,740 --> 00:21:26,380
incredibly distressed,
474
00:21:26,380 --> 00:21:29,420
and they both jumped into bed with me
and just held me.
475
00:21:29,420 --> 00:21:32,180
And I just cried
for a really long time.
476
00:21:32,180 --> 00:21:36,740
Maybe it's unrealistic to expect
a court result
477
00:21:36,740 --> 00:21:36,980
Maybe it's unrealistic to expect
to somehow put things right.
478
00:21:36,980 --> 00:21:38,700
to somehow put things right.
479
00:21:40,300 --> 00:21:43,580
But there is this sense
of satisfaction...
480
00:21:45,020 --> 00:21:49,020
..that there is consequence for the
person who's hurt someone you love,
481
00:21:49,020 --> 00:21:54,260
and that that is something
that will stick with them
482
00:21:54,260 --> 00:21:54,500
and that that is something
through life
483
00:21:54,500 --> 00:21:56,100
through life
484
00:21:56,100 --> 00:21:58,180
and that will be known about them.
485
00:22:05,060 --> 00:22:08,260
I was at university
while I went through trial
486
00:22:08,260 --> 00:22:11,660
and I'm studying a Bachelor of Arts
in Social Work
487
00:22:11,660 --> 00:22:14,460
and I decided to study
some criminology classes.
488
00:22:15,900 --> 00:22:18,300
WOMAN: I was teaching a class in
criminology.
489
00:22:18,300 --> 00:22:18,540
WOMAN: I was teaching a class in
It was about society and punishment.
490
00:22:18,540 --> 00:22:20,540
It was about society and punishment.
491
00:22:20,540 --> 00:22:23,540
So yeah, punishment
in the legal system.
492
00:22:23,540 --> 00:22:26,060
I was concerned that maybe some
of the content in the class
493
00:22:26,060 --> 00:22:29,700
could be a bit distressing,
or even just uncomfortable for me.
494
00:22:29,700 --> 00:22:29,980
She sent me an email just to let me
know that she's a survivor.
could be a bit distressing,
or even just uncomfortable for me.
495
00:22:29,980 --> 00:22:33,900
She sent me an email just to let me
know that she's a survivor.
496
00:22:33,900 --> 00:22:34,180
She sent me an email just to let me
know that she's a survivor.
It gave me the opportunity also
then, um, sort of reach out to her
497
00:22:34,180 --> 00:22:37,860
It gave me the opportunity also
then, um, sort of reach out to her
498
00:22:37,860 --> 00:22:39,700
and say, "Hey, actually,
I completely get it.
499
00:22:39,700 --> 00:22:39,940
and say, "Hey, actually,
"I understand because me too."
500
00:22:39,940 --> 00:22:41,380
"I understand because me too."
501
00:22:41,380 --> 00:22:43,860
How are you going?
Good. How are you?
502
00:22:43,860 --> 00:22:45,420
We organised to meet one day
503
00:22:45,420 --> 00:22:47,140
just because we wanted to sort of
connect.
504
00:22:47,140 --> 00:22:47,380
just because we wanted to sort of
..lot of assignments right now?
505
00:22:47,380 --> 00:22:48,420
..lot of assignments right now?
506
00:22:48,420 --> 00:22:48,660
Yeah. I've got one more essay to go
..lot of assignments right now?
507
00:22:48,660 --> 00:22:51,140
Yeah. I've got one more essay to go
and then I'll be done.
508
00:22:51,140 --> 00:22:52,540
That's exciting.
Yes.
509
00:22:52,540 --> 00:22:56,660
I'd been through this horrendous
experience, being a survivor,
510
00:22:56,660 --> 00:22:57,820
being through the court system.
511
00:22:57,820 --> 00:22:59,540
I thought that that class
was really good
512
00:22:59,540 --> 00:23:02,660
because I felt like it
was a really human perspective
513
00:23:02,660 --> 00:23:02,900
because I felt like it
of people's experiences of crime.
514
00:23:02,900 --> 00:23:05,260
of people's experiences of crime.
515
00:23:05,260 --> 00:23:08,740
So Brenda and I had this instant
connection
516
00:23:08,740 --> 00:23:11,820
where we could talk about what
we'd experienced
517
00:23:11,820 --> 00:23:14,940
and what we had in common
and what had differed.
518
00:23:14,940 --> 00:23:17,980
Both Anna and I, we both wanted
to turn our experiences
519
00:23:17,980 --> 00:23:20,300
into something positive,
to be able to help other people,
520
00:23:20,300 --> 00:23:24,300
because we also knew the value
of that help and support.
521
00:23:24,300 --> 00:23:28,300
We were talking in that conversation
about supporting people
522
00:23:28,300 --> 00:23:31,180
through the court process
and supporting survivors in general.
523
00:23:31,180 --> 00:23:34,100
And around that time,
I also connected with others
524
00:23:34,100 --> 00:23:37,100
and together, we formed
the Survivor Hub.
525
00:23:37,100 --> 00:23:37,340
and together, we formed
Hey.
526
00:23:37,340 --> 00:23:38,860
Hey.
527
00:23:38,860 --> 00:23:40,100
Hey, how are you?
528
00:23:40,100 --> 00:23:42,140
The way you walked in.
I know. Jazz hands.
529
00:23:42,140 --> 00:23:43,860
How are you?
Good. How are you?
530
00:23:43,860 --> 00:23:46,380
Thanks for coming.
Thank you for coming.
531
00:23:46,380 --> 00:23:50,940
And so what we do is we run meet-ups,
which are peer support groups,
532
00:23:50,940 --> 00:23:54,580
and they're open to all survivors
older than 16 years old.
533
00:23:54,580 --> 00:23:57,740
And in meet-up,
survivors can talk about anything.
534
00:23:57,740 --> 00:23:59,820
Have you got some toys
in your meet-up?
535
00:23:59,820 --> 00:24:00,060
Have you got some toys
Not yet.
536
00:24:00,060 --> 00:24:01,140
Not yet.
537
00:24:01,140 --> 00:24:04,060
Do you make a bad choice?
I'm gonna take this one.
538
00:24:04,060 --> 00:24:06,020
For some survivors,
it will be the first time
539
00:24:06,020 --> 00:24:08,740
they've really sat in the same room
as another survivor.
540
00:24:08,740 --> 00:24:11,780
So thanks, everybody,
for coming to this meet-up.
541
00:24:11,780 --> 00:24:14,860
Um, my name's Anna and I'll be
facilitating the meet-up.
542
00:24:14,860 --> 00:24:17,380
Hi everyone. My name's Harry.
ALL: Hi, Harry.
543
00:24:17,380 --> 00:24:20,900
I went to my first Survivor Hub
meeting about two years ago now.
544
00:24:20,900 --> 00:24:21,140
I went to my first Survivor Hub
Being a man, I remember thinking,
545
00:24:21,140 --> 00:24:22,860
Being a man, I remember thinking,
546
00:24:22,860 --> 00:24:23,100
"Am I even allowed to be here
right now?
Being a man, I remember thinking,
547
00:24:23,100 --> 00:24:25,660
"Am I even allowed to be here
right now?
548
00:24:25,660 --> 00:24:25,900
"Am I even allowed to be here
"What if no-one likes me?"
549
00:24:25,900 --> 00:24:27,420
"What if no-one likes me?"
550
00:24:27,420 --> 00:24:27,660
"What if no-one likes me?"
But as soon as I walked in
and decided to take that chance,
551
00:24:27,660 --> 00:24:33,460
But as soon as I walked in
and decided to take that chance,
552
00:24:33,460 --> 00:24:35,060
it was just...
553
00:24:35,060 --> 00:24:37,100
..a feeling of being understood.
554
00:24:37,100 --> 00:24:40,380
And I think if you're in this cold,
dark room with this professional
555
00:24:40,380 --> 00:24:43,900
that doesn't...has no empathy
towards you, it's just not the same.
556
00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:46,780
But coming into a room of people
that have that lived experience
557
00:24:46,780 --> 00:24:49,580
and know exactly
what you're talking about...
558
00:24:49,580 --> 00:24:52,140
..that's, um, that's
like striking gold.
559
00:24:52,140 --> 00:24:54,100
You can't replicate that.
Yeah.
560
00:24:54,100 --> 00:24:56,700
I remember going to counsellor
after counsellor after counsellor,
561
00:24:56,700 --> 00:24:59,700
therapists, psychologists,
whatever it was,
562
00:24:59,700 --> 00:25:01,940
and just feeling like it was
so clinical.
563
00:25:01,940 --> 00:25:04,460
I was like the first counsellor
I saw, I told them what happened
564
00:25:04,460 --> 00:25:04,700
I was like the first counsellor
and like how I was feeling
565
00:25:04,700 --> 00:25:05,660
and like how I was feeling
566
00:25:05,660 --> 00:25:07,940
and she suggested, like,
I went on a run.
567
00:25:07,940 --> 00:25:11,900
And I was like,
"Yeah, no, not for me."
568
00:25:11,900 --> 00:25:13,940
And then I was like, "Yeah,
so therapy doesn't work for me."
569
00:25:13,940 --> 00:25:16,180
And then I didn't go back
for, like, another six or so months
570
00:25:16,180 --> 00:25:19,900
until I worked out that, like,
"Ah, there's like services FOR me."
571
00:25:19,900 --> 00:25:22,860
Every survivor I come across,
they articulate something
572
00:25:22,860 --> 00:25:26,140
that I've been trying to say
for years and years and years.
573
00:25:26,140 --> 00:25:28,460
I really invalidated myself
because of my age as well.
574
00:25:28,460 --> 00:25:31,180
So I was like, "Oh, no, like those
services aren't for me."
575
00:25:31,180 --> 00:25:34,940
And also like, "Oh, am I taking up
space from other survivors?"
576
00:25:34,940 --> 00:25:38,420
Some people would be surprised if
they haven't been to a meet-up before
577
00:25:38,420 --> 00:25:41,420
to know how joyful it is
to be in a meet-up.
578
00:25:41,420 --> 00:25:44,220
WOMAN: Could be 6 to 12 months
between dates. (LAUGHS)
579
00:25:44,220 --> 00:25:46,340
Or if they leave!
Then they lose interest.
580
00:25:46,340 --> 00:25:49,620
We have just had an overwhelming
response.
581
00:25:49,620 --> 00:25:52,620
Over the past 12 months,
we've had more than 800 people
582
00:25:52,620 --> 00:25:52,860
Over the past 12 months,
register for our meet-ups.
583
00:25:52,860 --> 00:25:55,100
register for our meet-ups.
584
00:25:55,100 --> 00:25:55,340
Sometimes you go through
register for our meet-ups.
585
00:25:55,340 --> 00:25:56,820
Sometimes you go through
the court process
586
00:25:56,820 --> 00:25:58,500
and the defence attorneys end up
being the ones
587
00:25:58,500 --> 00:26:01,260
that you have more nightmares about
than the actual perpetrator.
588
00:26:01,260 --> 00:26:01,500
that you have more nightmares about
Um, yeah...
589
00:26:01,500 --> 00:26:02,940
Um, yeah...
590
00:26:02,940 --> 00:26:05,220
So often unfortunately.
Yeah.
591
00:26:05,220 --> 00:26:08,380
It's nice when you find someone who
is cross-examined by the same person.
592
00:26:08,380 --> 00:26:08,620
It's nice when you find someone who
Yes!
593
00:26:08,620 --> 00:26:10,020
Yes!
594
00:26:10,020 --> 00:26:13,260
At the moment, it's Brenda and I
that run the Survivor Hub together
595
00:26:13,260 --> 00:26:13,500
At the moment, it's Brenda and I
full time.
596
00:26:13,500 --> 00:26:14,500
full time.
597
00:26:14,500 --> 00:26:16,500
We do it on a volunteer basis
598
00:26:16,500 --> 00:26:16,740
and we have some incredible
We do it on a volunteer basis
599
00:26:16,740 --> 00:26:20,060
and we have some incredible
volunteers who support us.
600
00:26:21,860 --> 00:26:23,380
Thank you.
601
00:26:23,380 --> 00:26:25,220
But we've really overstretched.
602
00:26:25,220 --> 00:26:27,780
So last year in the attempt
to raise funds,
603
00:26:27,780 --> 00:26:28,020
So last year in the attempt
we held a second birthday party.
604
00:26:28,020 --> 00:26:29,340
we held a second birthday party.
605
00:26:29,340 --> 00:26:29,580
I've added them in the bottom
we held a second birthday party.
606
00:26:29,580 --> 00:26:31,460
I've added them in the bottom
of the speech...
607
00:26:31,460 --> 00:26:35,540
And the goal of the fundraiser
was to really raise some money
608
00:26:35,540 --> 00:26:39,260
so that we can fund
our existing meet-up locations,
609
00:26:39,260 --> 00:26:42,220
but also because we have
some new locations opening.
610
00:26:42,220 --> 00:26:42,460
but also because we have
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
611
00:26:42,460 --> 00:26:45,180
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
612
00:26:45,180 --> 00:26:48,500
I had to rush over and say hello!
613
00:26:48,500 --> 00:26:51,380
Yeah, that was a great event.
Yeah. It was. Yeah.
614
00:26:51,380 --> 00:26:51,620
Yeah, that was a great event.
Same thing, same thing.
615
00:26:51,620 --> 00:26:52,540
Same thing, same thing.
616
00:26:52,540 --> 00:26:54,500
MICHAEL: I've organised
a few events myself
617
00:26:54,500 --> 00:26:58,140
and I just appreciated
the hustle of it,
618
00:26:58,140 --> 00:26:59,700
actually putting that together.
619
00:26:59,700 --> 00:27:03,180
WOMAN: One of our co-founders'
and directors' mothers. So...
620
00:27:03,180 --> 00:27:03,420
WOMAN: One of our co-founders'
(APPLAUSE)
621
00:27:03,420 --> 00:27:04,740
(APPLAUSE)
622
00:27:06,220 --> 00:27:09,380
I wanna say how amazing it is
to be here tonight.
623
00:27:09,380 --> 00:27:11,780
I want to acknowledge
the co-founders -
624
00:27:11,780 --> 00:27:12,020
I want to acknowledge
Brenda, Gemma, Erin
625
00:27:12,020 --> 00:27:14,020
Brenda, Gemma, Erin
626
00:27:14,020 --> 00:27:16,700
and my little baby Anna.
627
00:27:16,700 --> 00:27:18,820
Um, and...
(APPLAUSE)
628
00:27:18,820 --> 00:27:20,860
BRENDA: I know it meant a lot
to Anna
629
00:27:20,860 --> 00:27:22,340
to have her mum speak
at the fundraiser.
630
00:27:22,340 --> 00:27:24,860
There's nothing harder for a parent
to hear
631
00:27:24,860 --> 00:27:28,060
that your child has been hurt
sometime more than once.
632
00:27:28,060 --> 00:27:28,300
that your child has been hurt
It affects a whole family -
633
00:27:28,300 --> 00:27:30,140
It affects a whole family -
634
00:27:30,140 --> 00:27:33,980
siblings, family, friends,
grandparents.
635
00:27:33,980 --> 00:27:37,540
Anna's mum spoke really beautifully
about the impact
636
00:27:37,540 --> 00:27:37,780
Anna's mum spoke really beautifully
of supporting a survivor.
637
00:27:37,780 --> 00:27:39,780
of supporting a survivor.
638
00:27:39,780 --> 00:27:43,100
Well, the thing I know helped me
was talking to other parents.
639
00:27:43,100 --> 00:27:45,940
The thing that I saw helped Anna
the most
640
00:27:45,940 --> 00:27:46,180
The thing that I saw helped Anna
was talking to other survivors.
641
00:27:46,180 --> 00:27:49,140
was talking to other survivors.
642
00:27:49,140 --> 00:27:51,900
I feel like the best thing I can do
643
00:27:51,900 --> 00:27:57,660
is help my daughter help herself
and help other people.
644
00:28:02,980 --> 00:28:05,220
Thanks, Mum.
(LAUGHTER)
645
00:28:05,220 --> 00:28:08,580
MICHAEL: We didn't stop her being
hurt, but...
646
00:28:08,580 --> 00:28:11,300
..it looks like we've given her...
647
00:28:12,460 --> 00:28:16,580
..some of the qualities that she
needs to get through it.
648
00:28:16,580 --> 00:28:19,660
And, you know, that's...
that's of some comfort.
649
00:28:19,660 --> 00:28:19,900
And, you know, that's...
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
650
00:28:19,900 --> 00:28:22,420
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
651
00:28:22,420 --> 00:28:24,780
Thank you. Thanks for taking it.
652
00:28:24,780 --> 00:28:26,980
Hey, congrats.
653
00:28:26,980 --> 00:28:28,140
In some ways,
654
00:28:28,140 --> 00:28:31,740
this has probably brought us
closer together as a family.
655
00:28:31,740 --> 00:28:34,500
There is no way that I would
have been able to go through it
656
00:28:34,500 --> 00:28:34,740
There is no way that I would
without their support.
657
00:28:34,740 --> 00:28:36,300
without their support.
658
00:28:43,100 --> 00:28:45,860
I'm in my final year of university
659
00:28:45,860 --> 00:28:48,700
and I'm doing my final placement
in Broken Hill,
660
00:28:48,700 --> 00:28:48,940
and I'm doing my final placement
working predominantly with survivors.
661
00:28:48,940 --> 00:28:51,780
working predominantly with survivors.
662
00:28:51,780 --> 00:28:56,980
I'll also be there, co-facilitating
the Survivor Hub meet-ups,
663
00:28:56,980 --> 00:28:59,220
which we only established
a few months ago.
664
00:28:59,220 --> 00:29:00,980
It's about a 13-hour drive.
665
00:29:12,060 --> 00:29:14,340
I expect that she'll end up working
666
00:29:14,340 --> 00:29:17,420
in the area of sexual assault
or domestic violence
667
00:29:17,420 --> 00:29:18,660
as a social worker.
668
00:29:18,660 --> 00:29:24,100
I worry sometimes that
it's such a big part of her life.
669
00:29:25,140 --> 00:29:26,660
I feel like at 23,
670
00:29:26,660 --> 00:29:30,260
she should be able to be more
carefree than she is.
671
00:29:30,260 --> 00:29:33,060
But however much I worry
as a mother,
672
00:29:33,060 --> 00:29:35,940
as a woman, I admire
what she's doing.
673
00:29:37,940 --> 00:29:40,900
In the future, whatever role
I end up in,
674
00:29:40,900 --> 00:29:44,660
I'll always be in a role
where I'm working with people,
675
00:29:44,660 --> 00:29:45,860
supporting people,
676
00:29:45,860 --> 00:29:48,740
and I hope that I can stay
working with survivors
677
00:29:48,740 --> 00:29:51,700
for the rest of my career
or for a very, very long time.
678
00:29:53,380 --> 00:29:58,060
My hope is that she continues
to recover from this,
679
00:29:58,060 --> 00:30:01,820
and my hope is that as her life
gets larger and larger
680
00:30:01,820 --> 00:30:02,060
and my hope is that as her life
and fuller and fuller,
681
00:30:02,060 --> 00:30:04,020
and fuller and fuller,
682
00:30:04,020 --> 00:30:07,660
this bit of it just gets smaller
and smaller and smaller
683
00:30:07,660 --> 00:30:07,900
this bit of it just gets smaller
until yes, it happened,
684
00:30:07,900 --> 00:30:11,140
until yes, it happened,
685
00:30:11,140 --> 00:30:14,620
yes, much good has come from it,
686
00:30:14,620 --> 00:30:17,660
but it's just one element
687
00:30:17,660 --> 00:30:22,900
of a rich and fulfilling life.
688
00:30:31,420 --> 00:30:35,660
Captions by Red Bee Media
689
00:30:35,660 --> 00:30:39,100
Copyright Australian
Broadcasting Corporation