1 00:00:30,885 --> 00:00:32,978 ## [Fast gospel] 2 00:00:44,966 --> 00:00:47,230 [Man] # My soul is a witness # 3 00:00:47,301 --> 00:00:48,928 # Soul is a witness # 4 00:00:49,003 --> 00:00:50,903 - # My soul is a witness # - # Yeah, yeah # 5 00:00:50,972 --> 00:00:52,769 - # Soul is a witness # - # Oh, yeah # 6 00:00:52,840 --> 00:00:54,831 - # Before I go # - # Oh # 7 00:00:54,909 --> 00:00:56,536 - # Before I go # - # 'Fore I go # 8 00:00:56,611 --> 00:01:00,172 # Before I go, soul is a witness # 9 00:01:00,250 --> 00:01:02,480 [Speaker] Heavenly Father, we come before Thee, 10 00:01:02,553 --> 00:01:05,623 knee bent and body bowed 11 00:01:05,623 --> 00:01:08,114 in the humblest way that we know how. 12 00:01:08,192 --> 00:01:11,889 Father, who controls and knows all things, 13 00:01:11,996 --> 00:01:16,660 both the living and dying of all creatures. 14 00:01:16,734 --> 00:01:21,569 Give us the strength and the wisdom to do Thy work. 15 00:01:21,639 --> 00:01:24,073 In God's name we pray. 16 00:01:24,141 --> 00:01:27,474 And all God's people say, "Amen." 17 00:01:27,544 --> 00:01:29,102 - # My soul is a witness # - Amen. 18 00:01:29,179 --> 00:01:30,646 - # Water, wine # - # So high # 19 00:01:30,714 --> 00:01:32,807 - # Water, wine # - # Wine # 20 00:01:32,883 --> 00:01:35,443 # Water, wine, soul is a witness # 21 00:01:35,519 --> 00:01:37,817 # Soul is a witness # 22 00:01:37,888 --> 00:01:39,321 # Soul is a witness # 23 00:01:39,390 --> 00:01:41,358 - # Soul # - # Soul is a witness # 24 00:01:41,426 --> 00:01:42,916 - # Soul # - # Witness # 25 00:01:42,994 --> 00:01:44,791 - # Witness # - # Witness # 26 00:01:44,896 --> 00:01:47,194 - # Witness # - # Witness # 27 00:01:47,265 --> 00:01:49,324 - # Witness # - # Soul is a witness # 28 00:01:49,434 --> 00:01:51,425 [Man] When Agave sobered up, 29 00:01:51,536 --> 00:01:53,299 she looked down and saw the head of her son Pentheus 30 00:01:53,372 --> 00:01:56,398 - right there in her hands. - She thought he was a wild animal. 31 00:01:56,475 --> 00:01:58,272 That's how Dionysus got his revenge. 32 00:01:58,344 --> 00:02:00,676 You a heathen, Henry. 33 00:02:00,746 --> 00:02:02,236 You know what I got right here? 34 00:02:02,314 --> 00:02:04,908 - What? - Some of that very wine. 35 00:02:04,984 --> 00:02:10,251 "When I was a child, I spake as a child. 36 00:02:11,824 --> 00:02:14,793 "I understood as a child. 37 00:02:14,894 --> 00:02:18,330 "I thought as a child. 38 00:02:18,431 --> 00:02:21,491 "But when I became a man, 39 00:02:22,536 --> 00:02:24,094 I put away all childish things." 40 00:02:25,806 --> 00:02:31,210 ## [Gospel continues] 41 00:02:31,279 --> 00:02:33,179 - # Early one mornin' # - # Early one mornin' # 42 00:02:33,247 --> 00:02:34,680 - # Down the road # - # Early one mornin' # 43 00:02:34,749 --> 00:02:36,910 - # Early one mornin' # - # Early one mornin' # 44 00:02:36,984 --> 00:02:39,646 # Down the road # 45 00:02:39,721 --> 00:02:41,882 ## [continues] 46 00:02:47,963 --> 00:02:49,931 [Speaker] Freshman class... 47 00:02:49,998 --> 00:02:55,061 I believe we are the most privileged people in America, 48 00:02:55,170 --> 00:03:01,109 because we have the most important job 49 00:03:01,177 --> 00:03:03,441 in America: 50 00:03:03,513 --> 00:03:07,540 The education of our young people. 51 00:03:07,617 --> 00:03:09,778 # I was traveling # 52 00:03:09,853 --> 00:03:11,411 # Partner too # 53 00:03:11,488 --> 00:03:13,115 # Goin' down the road # 54 00:03:13,189 --> 00:03:15,157 # Goin' down to say # 55 00:03:15,225 --> 00:03:16,692 # My soul is a witness # 56 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:18,921 - # Souls are born # - # Goin' home # 57 00:03:18,995 --> 00:03:20,360 - # Soul is a witness # - # Goin' home # 58 00:03:20,430 --> 00:03:22,694 # Souls are born # 59 00:03:22,799 --> 00:03:24,528 - # Soul is a witness # - # Witness # 60 00:03:24,634 --> 00:03:26,465 - # Before I go # - # When I go # 61 00:03:26,536 --> 00:03:27,628 - # Before I go # - # Go # 62 00:03:35,845 --> 00:03:37,437 [gasps] Trudell! 63 00:03:38,950 --> 00:03:41,384 - Who the hell is he? - Oh, he's just my husband. 64 00:03:45,490 --> 00:03:47,355 I'm gonna cut your head off. 65 00:03:47,425 --> 00:03:52,727 [Speaker] We must impress upon our young people 66 00:03:52,798 --> 00:03:56,757 that there will be difficulties that they face. 67 00:03:56,836 --> 00:03:58,895 Come on, Trudell. Come get this whuppin', boy. 68 00:03:59,005 --> 00:04:00,939 - [Man] Get him down, Trudell. - Scared, ain't ya? 69 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:03,133 Huh? You with the razor and twice my size? 70 00:04:03,242 --> 00:04:05,574 [Speaker] They must defeat them! 71 00:04:08,748 --> 00:04:15,551 They must do what they have to do in order to do what they want to do. 72 00:04:15,621 --> 00:04:17,555 [Man] Come on, now. 73 00:04:17,623 --> 00:04:19,181 [Woman] Come on, baby! 74 00:04:20,761 --> 00:04:25,198 [Speaker] Education is the only way out. 75 00:04:25,265 --> 00:04:26,459 [Grunts] 76 00:04:26,533 --> 00:04:29,764 Come on, baby. Get up! Get up, baby. Come on! 77 00:04:29,870 --> 00:04:32,737 [Speaker] The way out of ignorance... 78 00:04:32,807 --> 00:04:34,468 Like cuttin' people, huh, boy? 79 00:04:34,576 --> 00:04:36,544 Want to cut people, Trudell, huh? 80 00:04:37,912 --> 00:04:40,142 Get your hands off me! 81 00:04:40,215 --> 00:04:42,206 The way out of darkness! 82 00:04:47,956 --> 00:04:51,357 Into... 83 00:04:51,426 --> 00:04:54,224 the glorious light. 84 00:05:11,714 --> 00:05:16,447 ## [Ends] 85 00:05:40,412 --> 00:05:42,141 Come on, now! Give it back! 86 00:05:42,214 --> 00:05:44,580 - Give it back! - "To our precious Hamilton..." 87 00:05:44,650 --> 00:05:46,914 This isn't funny. Come on. Dunbar, give it back. 88 00:05:46,985 --> 00:05:49,920 Who do you think you are? Jesse Owens? 89 00:06:10,108 --> 00:06:12,633 [Man] Have a seat. 90 00:06:15,847 --> 00:06:18,816 "I am... 91 00:06:18,919 --> 00:06:21,547 "the darker brother. 92 00:06:21,622 --> 00:06:24,113 "They send me to eat in the kitchen when company comes. 93 00:06:24,191 --> 00:06:26,591 "But I laugh, and I eat well, 94 00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:29,730 "and I grow strong. 95 00:06:29,730 --> 00:06:33,291 "Tomorrow, I will sit at the table when company comes. 96 00:06:33,367 --> 00:06:35,358 "Nobody'll dare say to me, 97 00:06:35,436 --> 00:06:37,404 "'Eat in the kitchen' then. 98 00:06:37,471 --> 00:06:42,408 "Besides, they'll see how beautiful I am, 99 00:06:42,476 --> 00:06:44,967 "and be ashamed. 100 00:06:45,045 --> 00:06:49,482 I, too, am America." 101 00:06:49,551 --> 00:06:51,576 Who wrote that? 102 00:06:54,055 --> 00:06:55,454 Langston Hughes, 1924. 103 00:06:55,523 --> 00:06:57,957 1925. 104 00:06:59,161 --> 00:07:05,623 "Hating you shall be a game played with cool hands." 105 00:07:06,902 --> 00:07:11,839 "Memory will lay its hands upon your breast, 106 00:07:11,908 --> 00:07:16,140 and you will understand my hatred." 107 00:07:16,246 --> 00:07:18,840 Gwendolyn Bennett wrote that. 108 00:07:18,949 --> 00:07:22,052 She was born in 1902. 109 00:07:22,052 --> 00:07:24,680 Unofficially. 110 00:07:24,755 --> 00:07:26,552 You see, in most states, 111 00:07:26,623 --> 00:07:28,420 Negroes were denied birth certificates, 112 00:07:28,492 --> 00:07:31,086 which means I can lie about my age the rest of my life. 113 00:07:31,161 --> 00:07:32,458 [Laughing] 114 00:07:32,529 --> 00:07:34,793 You think that's funny? 115 00:07:36,367 --> 00:07:38,597 To be born... 116 00:07:38,669 --> 00:07:40,796 without record. 117 00:07:41,939 --> 00:07:44,703 Mr. Reed, hand these out. 118 00:07:44,776 --> 00:07:47,404 I'm going to introduce you to some new voices this semester. 119 00:07:47,478 --> 00:07:49,844 There's a revolution going on. 120 00:07:49,947 --> 00:07:52,245 In the North. In Harlem. 121 00:07:52,350 --> 00:07:54,875 They're changing the way Negroes in America think. 122 00:07:54,986 --> 00:07:58,183 I'm talking about poets like Hughes, Bennett, 123 00:07:58,256 --> 00:08:00,622 Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen... 124 00:08:00,758 --> 00:08:03,283 "Some are teethed on a silver spoon, 125 00:08:03,328 --> 00:08:06,126 "with the stars strung up for a rattle. 126 00:08:06,165 --> 00:08:08,531 "I cut my teeth as a black raccoon... 127 00:08:08,600 --> 00:08:11,034 ...for implements of battle." 128 00:08:18,245 --> 00:08:20,236 Meet me after class. 129 00:08:30,124 --> 00:08:31,352 [Sighs] 130 00:08:31,425 --> 00:08:34,053 What's a professor doing in the middle of the night 131 00:08:34,128 --> 00:08:35,789 dressed like a cotton-chopper? 132 00:08:35,863 --> 00:08:37,922 What is a student doing in the middle of the night 133 00:08:37,998 --> 00:08:39,158 throwing his life away? 134 00:08:39,233 --> 00:08:41,201 It's funny. I thought I was defending myself. 135 00:08:41,268 --> 00:08:43,634 Mm. 136 00:08:43,704 --> 00:08:46,901 I remember you. 137 00:08:46,974 --> 00:08:49,636 Couple of years ago. Then you disappeared. 138 00:08:49,710 --> 00:08:50,802 What happened? 139 00:08:50,878 --> 00:08:53,676 I come and go whenever it suits me. 140 00:08:53,747 --> 00:08:55,806 - Suspensions? - Leaves of absence. 141 00:08:57,720 --> 00:08:59,153 Why'd you come back? 142 00:08:59,222 --> 00:09:01,588 School's the only place you can read all day. 143 00:09:01,657 --> 00:09:03,625 Except prison. 144 00:09:06,129 --> 00:09:08,290 I want you to come by my house tonight, 7:30. 145 00:09:08,364 --> 00:09:10,298 - Corner of June and Campus. - Why would I do that? 146 00:09:10,366 --> 00:09:12,596 Holding tryouts for the debate team. 147 00:09:15,104 --> 00:09:18,301 - You sure you want somebody like me? - No. 148 00:09:18,374 --> 00:09:20,934 That's why you're trying out. 149 00:09:21,010 --> 00:09:22,500 7:30. 150 00:09:22,578 --> 00:09:24,341 June and Campus. 151 00:09:44,903 --> 00:09:47,337 [Muttering] 152 00:09:49,341 --> 00:09:53,402 "Driven by the wind and tossed..." 153 00:09:55,681 --> 00:09:57,706 Do well tonight, Junior. 154 00:10:02,121 --> 00:10:04,419 [Professor] Of the 360 students here at Wiley College, 155 00:10:04,523 --> 00:10:08,619 only 45 of you were brave enough to try out for the debate team. 156 00:10:08,727 --> 00:10:11,423 Of that 45, only four of you will remain standing 157 00:10:11,497 --> 00:10:13,590 when the tryouts are over... why? 158 00:10:13,666 --> 00:10:16,794 Because debate is blood sport. It's combat. 159 00:10:16,870 --> 00:10:19,031 But your weapons are words. 160 00:10:19,105 --> 00:10:20,470 [Knocking] Come on in. 161 00:10:20,540 --> 00:10:22,701 Now that Mr. Farmer has joined us, we can begin. 162 00:10:22,776 --> 00:10:24,073 Sit down, Mr. Farmer. 163 00:10:24,144 --> 00:10:26,510 Not right there. Over there. 164 00:10:26,580 --> 00:10:28,411 - Yes, sir. - James. Right this way. 165 00:10:28,481 --> 00:10:30,540 Good evening, Mrs. Tolson. 166 00:10:30,617 --> 00:10:32,585 - Evening. - Excuse me. 167 00:10:32,652 --> 00:10:34,051 We're waiting for you, Mr. Farmer. 168 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:35,587 I'm going, sir. 169 00:10:35,689 --> 00:10:39,056 Thank you, Mr. Farmer. You smell very good, Mr. Farmer. 170 00:10:39,125 --> 00:10:41,491 - Thank you, sir. - You're very welcome. 171 00:10:41,562 --> 00:10:43,359 Gentlemen and lady. 172 00:10:43,431 --> 00:10:45,661 This is... 173 00:10:45,733 --> 00:10:49,726 the hot spot. 174 00:10:49,804 --> 00:10:53,672 You will enter it at your own risk. 175 00:10:53,741 --> 00:10:55,936 Mr. Tolson, what about the debaters from last year? 176 00:10:56,011 --> 00:10:57,501 Don't ask a question you already know the answer to. 177 00:10:57,579 --> 00:10:58,841 Get up here. You'll be first. 178 00:10:58,914 --> 00:11:00,506 Get right here. Hot spot. 179 00:11:00,582 --> 00:11:02,607 Debate starts with a proposition. 180 00:11:02,684 --> 00:11:04,208 With an idea..."Resolved: 181 00:11:04,286 --> 00:11:08,017 Child labor should be regulated by the federal government." 182 00:11:08,091 --> 00:11:10,150 The first debater argues the affirmative. 183 00:11:10,260 --> 00:11:11,887 Affirmative means that you are for something. 184 00:11:11,995 --> 00:11:13,519 Mr. Reed will argue the affirmative. 185 00:11:13,630 --> 00:11:15,257 The second debater argues the negative. 186 00:11:15,365 --> 00:11:16,798 Negative means that you are what? 187 00:11:16,866 --> 00:11:17,798 Against. 188 00:11:17,867 --> 00:11:19,698 Brilliant, Mr. Burgess. 189 00:11:19,769 --> 00:11:22,738 You shall argue the affirmative, Mr. Reed. Go. 190 00:11:22,805 --> 00:11:27,299 Well, sir, I'd begin with a quote from the poet Cleghorn. 191 00:11:27,377 --> 00:11:31,575 "The golf links lie so near the mill, 192 00:11:31,648 --> 00:11:34,947 "that almost every day, 193 00:11:35,020 --> 00:11:38,615 "the laboring children can look out and... 194 00:11:38,690 --> 00:11:40,555 and..." 195 00:11:40,625 --> 00:11:44,356 # And watch the men at play # 196 00:11:44,462 --> 00:11:46,930 Is that what you learned from last year, Mr. Reed? 197 00:11:46,998 --> 00:11:49,262 To start something, and not finish it? 198 00:11:49,334 --> 00:11:50,892 - Is it? - No, sir. 199 00:11:51,002 --> 00:11:52,663 Sit down. 200 00:11:56,141 --> 00:11:59,167 Who's next? You? Stand up. 201 00:11:59,244 --> 00:12:01,644 Stand up. 202 00:12:03,081 --> 00:12:05,447 It's getting late. How much longer can you hide? 203 00:12:05,517 --> 00:12:07,951 I'm not hiding, sir. I transferred from my college 204 00:12:08,019 --> 00:12:09,646 just to come here and try out for your team. 205 00:12:09,721 --> 00:12:11,052 I am deeply moved. What's your name? 206 00:12:11,122 --> 00:12:12,612 Samantha Booke. 207 00:12:12,691 --> 00:12:13,988 - Book? - With an "e." 208 00:12:14,060 --> 00:12:17,518 Arise, Miss Booke. With an "e." 209 00:12:18,564 --> 00:12:22,967 Into the hot spot, Miss Booke with an "e." 210 00:12:23,035 --> 00:12:27,028 You know, there's never been a female on the debating team, ever. 211 00:12:27,107 --> 00:12:28,734 Yes, sir. I know that. 212 00:12:28,809 --> 00:12:31,175 What makes you think you should be the first? 213 00:12:31,244 --> 00:12:33,508 Because, sir, I am just as qualified as... 214 00:12:33,581 --> 00:12:35,310 - quit stammering, Miss Booke. ...anybody else here. 215 00:12:35,383 --> 00:12:37,112 - My gender has nothing... - "Resolved: 216 00:12:37,185 --> 00:12:39,949 Welfare discourages hard work." 217 00:12:40,021 --> 00:12:43,149 - You'll argue the negative. - All right. 218 00:12:43,224 --> 00:12:46,921 Welfare takes away a man's strongest reason for working, 219 00:12:46,994 --> 00:12:49,588 which is survival. 220 00:12:49,697 --> 00:12:51,255 And that weakens the will of the poor. 221 00:12:51,366 --> 00:12:54,469 How would you rebut that, Miss Booke with an "e"? 222 00:12:54,470 --> 00:12:56,563 I would say it does not. 223 00:12:56,672 --> 00:12:59,732 Most of the New Deal goes to children, anyway, 224 00:12:59,808 --> 00:13:01,969 and to the handicapped, and to old people... 225 00:13:02,044 --> 00:13:03,477 - Is that fact, or conjecture? - It is a fact. 226 00:13:03,545 --> 00:13:05,945 - Speak up. - It is a fact. 227 00:13:06,014 --> 00:13:07,777 - What's your source? - The president. 228 00:13:07,850 --> 00:13:10,216 - Of the United States? - Yes, sir. 229 00:13:10,285 --> 00:13:13,448 That's your primary source? You spoke to President Roosevelt personally? 230 00:13:13,522 --> 00:13:15,922 Of course not. I did not speak to him personally, 231 00:13:15,991 --> 00:13:17,583 but I listened to his Fireside Chat. 232 00:13:17,660 --> 00:13:20,561 - Oh, a radio broadcast. - Yes. 233 00:13:20,630 --> 00:13:22,791 - Any other sources? - Well... 234 00:13:22,899 --> 00:13:24,867 Any other sources? 235 00:13:27,203 --> 00:13:29,296 Yes, there are other sources. 236 00:13:29,406 --> 00:13:32,102 Like that look in a mother's eyes when she can't feed her kids. 237 00:13:32,175 --> 00:13:35,611 Without welfare, Mr. Tolson, people would be starving. 238 00:13:35,679 --> 00:13:36,839 Who's starving, Miss Booke? 239 00:13:36,914 --> 00:13:39,280 - The unemployed are starving. - Mr. Burgess here. 240 00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:41,716 He's unemployed. Obviously, he's not starving. 241 00:13:43,554 --> 00:13:45,818 I drew you in, Miss Booke. 242 00:13:45,890 --> 00:13:49,621 You gave a faulty premise, so your syllogism fell apart. 243 00:13:49,693 --> 00:13:51,627 - "Syllogism"? - Your logic fell apart. 244 00:13:51,695 --> 00:13:53,663 Major premise: The unemployed are starving. 245 00:13:53,731 --> 00:13:56,222 Minor premise: Mr. Burgess is unemployed. 246 00:13:56,333 --> 00:13:58,824 Conclusion: Mr. Burgess is starving. 247 00:13:58,936 --> 00:14:01,769 Your major premise was based on a faulty assumption. 248 00:14:01,840 --> 00:14:04,638 Classic fallacy. Who's next? 249 00:14:12,019 --> 00:14:14,180 [Whispers] You were right. 250 00:14:14,254 --> 00:14:15,482 [Tolson] Tell us your name. 251 00:14:15,556 --> 00:14:17,854 I'm Henry Lowe. With an "e." 252 00:14:18,892 --> 00:14:21,861 All right, Mr. Lowe. I will name a subject. 253 00:14:21,929 --> 00:14:24,625 You speak a few words... a pertinent quote from world literature. 254 00:14:24,698 --> 00:14:25,926 Go ahead. 255 00:14:28,235 --> 00:14:29,259 Beauty. 256 00:14:31,271 --> 00:14:32,761 "I heard the old, old men say, 257 00:14:32,873 --> 00:14:35,239 all that is beautiful drifts away, like the waters." 258 00:14:36,310 --> 00:14:37,709 Very good. 259 00:14:37,778 --> 00:14:40,975 History. And name the author this time. 260 00:14:41,048 --> 00:14:44,142 "History is a nightmare, from which I am trying to awake." 261 00:14:44,218 --> 00:14:45,583 James Joyce. 262 00:14:48,689 --> 00:14:50,350 Self-pity. 263 00:14:53,595 --> 00:14:57,827 "I never saw a wild thing sorry for itself." 264 00:14:57,899 --> 00:14:59,196 D.H. Lawrence. 265 00:15:01,002 --> 00:15:03,835 [Whispers] I love D.H. Lawrence. Have you ever read... 266 00:15:03,873 --> 00:15:04,931 Mr. Farmer. 267 00:15:05,040 --> 00:15:07,099 Yes, sir? 268 00:15:07,209 --> 00:15:10,645 I have eyes in the back of my head and ears on both sides. Stand up. 269 00:15:13,082 --> 00:15:17,451 Tell me the irony in the name "Bethlehem Steel Corporation." 270 00:15:19,488 --> 00:15:23,788 Bethlehem is the birthplace of Jesus, Prince of Peace, 271 00:15:23,859 --> 00:15:26,692 and Bethlehem Steel makes weapons of war. 272 00:15:26,763 --> 00:15:29,231 Very good. Sit down. 273 00:15:30,400 --> 00:15:31,389 Good. 274 00:15:31,469 --> 00:15:33,164 [Tolson] Who's next? 275 00:15:33,304 --> 00:15:35,101 That went well. How will we know how we did? 276 00:15:35,172 --> 00:15:37,834 - [Chattering] - Samantha. 277 00:15:39,410 --> 00:15:41,378 Samantha. 278 00:15:43,748 --> 00:15:45,943 Tolson's tough, isn't he? 279 00:15:46,017 --> 00:15:48,008 He sure is. 280 00:15:49,220 --> 00:15:52,087 I'm James. 281 00:15:52,156 --> 00:15:54,215 Is your father Dr. James Farmer? 282 00:15:54,292 --> 00:15:56,283 Yes... yes, he is. 283 00:15:56,361 --> 00:15:59,762 I'm taking theology from him, and that man speaks in tongues. 284 00:15:59,831 --> 00:16:01,890 French, Greek, Hebrew, Latin... 285 00:16:01,967 --> 00:16:03,628 How many languages does he speak? 286 00:16:03,702 --> 00:16:07,798 - Seven languages. - "Seven languages." 287 00:16:07,873 --> 00:16:10,706 He must be the smartest man in Texas. 288 00:16:10,810 --> 00:16:12,710 Well, that's not saying much. 289 00:16:13,846 --> 00:16:16,815 So why do you want to be on the team? 290 00:16:16,883 --> 00:16:20,478 - I think it would be good training. - For what? 291 00:16:20,553 --> 00:16:22,885 Bein' a lawyer. 292 00:16:22,956 --> 00:16:25,516 Lawyer? That's great. 293 00:16:25,592 --> 00:16:28,459 You know how many Negro women practice law in this state? 294 00:16:28,528 --> 00:16:29,790 - Two. - Exactly. 295 00:16:29,862 --> 00:16:31,887 One of them's my aunt. 296 00:16:31,965 --> 00:16:34,593 Well, look at you, Mr. Farmer. 297 00:16:34,667 --> 00:16:36,225 How old are you, anyway? 298 00:16:36,302 --> 00:16:38,896 I'll be 16... 299 00:16:38,972 --> 00:16:40,234 in 21 months. [Chuckles] 300 00:16:40,306 --> 00:16:44,640 Young lady. James. I just wanted to thank you. 301 00:16:44,744 --> 00:16:46,439 For what? 302 00:16:46,546 --> 00:16:48,138 Well, for your performance tonight. 303 00:16:48,248 --> 00:16:50,307 I mean, how many other students ever stand up to Tolson? 304 00:16:50,418 --> 00:16:51,680 - I did. - No. 305 00:16:51,753 --> 00:16:55,052 You answered a question, and I spouted a few quotes. 306 00:16:55,124 --> 00:16:57,149 Miss Booke with an "e," 307 00:16:57,226 --> 00:17:00,161 - she fought back. - And lost! 308 00:17:00,229 --> 00:17:02,390 But you didn't have to lose. 309 00:17:02,465 --> 00:17:05,559 Why isn't a Fireside Chat a legitimate source? 310 00:17:05,635 --> 00:17:08,035 Because Tolson says so? 311 00:17:08,104 --> 00:17:12,768 Nobody has better access to those statistics than the president. 312 00:17:12,842 --> 00:17:17,245 Now, if you'd have called Tolson on that, you would have won. 313 00:17:17,346 --> 00:17:22,079 I don't know. I'm sure that man would have come up with something. 314 00:17:22,151 --> 00:17:23,914 Good night, James. 315 00:17:23,986 --> 00:17:25,647 [Samantha] Can you believe he's 316 00:17:25,721 --> 00:17:27,780 - Good night, Samantha. - 14 years old, and he's in college? 317 00:17:30,093 --> 00:17:32,857 You are gifted, all of you. 318 00:17:32,929 --> 00:17:35,397 So I want you to know that I chose this team for balance, 319 00:17:35,465 --> 00:17:38,491 and none of you should take it as a failure... 320 00:17:38,568 --> 00:17:40,695 as a denigration of your intellect. 321 00:17:40,772 --> 00:17:42,103 Denigrate. There's a word for you. 322 00:17:42,173 --> 00:17:45,108 From the Latin word "niger," to defame, to blacken. 323 00:17:45,176 --> 00:17:47,201 It's always there, isn't it? Even in the dictionary. 324 00:17:47,278 --> 00:17:50,736 Even in the speech of a Negro professor. 325 00:17:50,848 --> 00:17:54,978 Somehow, "black" is always equated with failure. 326 00:17:55,086 --> 00:17:57,611 Well, write your own dictionary. 327 00:17:57,722 --> 00:18:00,190 And mark this as a new beginning, 328 00:18:00,258 --> 00:18:02,988 whether you make the team or not. 329 00:18:03,061 --> 00:18:08,226 The Wiley College Forensics Society of 1935-1936 is as follows: 330 00:18:08,299 --> 00:18:10,927 The debaters... 331 00:18:11,003 --> 00:18:13,801 will be Mr. Hamilton Burgess from last year's team... 332 00:18:13,872 --> 00:18:17,603 - Yea! - Sit down, Mr. Burgess. 333 00:18:18,610 --> 00:18:21,807 Mr. Henry Lowe. 334 00:18:21,881 --> 00:18:23,781 Our alternates. 335 00:18:23,883 --> 00:18:27,216 Miss Samantha Booke. With an "e." 336 00:18:28,555 --> 00:18:31,217 And finally... 337 00:18:32,559 --> 00:18:34,823 Junior, slow down. 338 00:18:34,895 --> 00:18:36,988 - Where's Dad? - Quiet. He's writing a lecture. 339 00:18:41,068 --> 00:18:43,002 - Dad. - Junior. 340 00:18:43,070 --> 00:18:46,267 What is the greatest weakness of man? 341 00:18:48,809 --> 00:18:50,936 Not believing? Doubt? 342 00:18:51,947 --> 00:18:55,405 That's it. Thank you, Junior. 343 00:18:55,484 --> 00:18:57,111 Matthew 14:31. 344 00:18:57,219 --> 00:18:59,813 - That will be the lesson. - Dad. 345 00:18:59,921 --> 00:19:04,858 "O you of little faith, why do you doubt me?" 346 00:19:04,960 --> 00:19:06,655 Dad? 347 00:19:06,728 --> 00:19:08,127 What is it, son? 348 00:19:08,196 --> 00:19:10,721 I made the debate team. 349 00:19:10,799 --> 00:19:12,892 Well, congratulations. 350 00:19:12,968 --> 00:19:14,868 And who is on your team? 351 00:19:14,936 --> 00:19:18,303 Um, there's four of us. I'm one of the alternates. 352 00:19:19,307 --> 00:19:20,296 Who's ahead of you? 353 00:19:20,375 --> 00:19:22,866 Hamilton Burgess and Henry Lowe. 354 00:19:22,944 --> 00:19:25,572 And the other alternate's Samantha Booke. 355 00:19:25,647 --> 00:19:27,308 There's a girl? 356 00:19:27,383 --> 00:19:29,578 She wants to be a lawyer. 357 00:19:29,686 --> 00:19:32,450 - A lawyer? - She's very intelligent. 358 00:19:35,025 --> 00:19:37,152 Is she pretty? 359 00:19:37,261 --> 00:19:40,526 I don't know. I never really noticed. 360 00:19:40,597 --> 00:19:43,623 Because extracurricular activities like the debate team are fine, 361 00:19:43,700 --> 00:19:46,134 but you must not take your eye off the ball, son. 362 00:19:46,204 --> 00:19:49,503 - Yes, sir. - Hmph. 363 00:19:49,574 --> 00:19:52,441 So what do we do here? 364 00:19:52,510 --> 00:19:55,843 We do what we have to do, so we can do what we want to do. 365 00:19:55,914 --> 00:19:58,348 What do you have to do right now? 366 00:19:58,416 --> 00:20:00,247 - My homework. - So get to it. 367 00:20:00,318 --> 00:20:01,910 Yes, sir. 368 00:20:01,986 --> 00:20:07,549 ## [Woman singing opera] 369 00:20:11,664 --> 00:20:14,599 My daddy owns a grocery store that has apples, bananas, cookies, 370 00:20:14,667 --> 00:20:16,567 doughnuts, eggs, figs, 371 00:20:16,635 --> 00:20:18,830 and "gonzola" beans. 372 00:20:18,905 --> 00:20:21,772 Right. What's a gonzola bean? [Laughs] 373 00:20:21,842 --> 00:20:23,901 - [Dr. Farmer] Hogwash! - Hogwash! 374 00:20:23,977 --> 00:20:25,001 "Gonzola" bean? 375 00:20:25,111 --> 00:20:28,148 Ready, set, go! 376 00:20:28,148 --> 00:20:31,174 - Apricots, uh... - Hogwash. 377 00:20:31,251 --> 00:20:32,718 What, no apricots? 378 00:20:32,786 --> 00:20:35,016 Look out! 379 00:20:36,456 --> 00:20:38,686 [Switches off motor] 380 00:20:38,792 --> 00:20:40,259 What was that? 381 00:20:40,360 --> 00:20:42,089 I'm not sure. 382 00:20:44,998 --> 00:20:47,091 [Barking] 383 00:20:51,572 --> 00:20:53,039 Sit down. 384 00:20:53,107 --> 00:20:55,541 - You stay put. - [Barking continues] 385 00:20:55,610 --> 00:20:57,601 Be still. 386 00:21:05,019 --> 00:21:06,919 What is it? 387 00:21:06,988 --> 00:21:08,649 It's a pig. 388 00:21:08,723 --> 00:21:10,418 - Hit a pig. - [Screen door slams] 389 00:21:10,524 --> 00:21:12,253 Shut up, dog! 390 00:21:12,361 --> 00:21:14,090 Junior, get in the car. 391 00:21:14,197 --> 00:21:16,131 What the hell happened to my hog? 392 00:21:16,199 --> 00:21:18,531 Sorry about that. Came out of nowhere. 393 00:21:18,601 --> 00:21:19,795 I didn't see it coming. 394 00:21:19,869 --> 00:21:21,769 You done killed my hog, boy. 395 00:21:21,838 --> 00:21:24,466 Truly sorry. Gladly pay you for it. 396 00:21:24,540 --> 00:21:27,407 How much... How much you want? 397 00:21:29,546 --> 00:21:31,673 It's gonna cost you $25. 398 00:21:33,017 --> 00:21:35,679 Only have a few bucks on me right now, but I can... 399 00:21:44,061 --> 00:21:46,154 I do have a check. 400 00:21:46,263 --> 00:21:48,322 My monthly check, for Wiley College in Marshall. 401 00:21:48,432 --> 00:21:51,663 It's for $17.36. 402 00:21:51,735 --> 00:21:53,999 You may have that. 403 00:21:54,071 --> 00:21:56,005 I will endorse that over to you. 404 00:21:57,975 --> 00:22:00,569 You'll do what? 405 00:22:00,644 --> 00:22:02,737 I will sign the check over to you. 406 00:22:02,813 --> 00:22:05,407 Well, let me see it. 407 00:22:05,483 --> 00:22:08,975 It's in the car, with my wife. 408 00:22:09,055 --> 00:22:11,546 Gonna walk to the car now. 409 00:22:15,294 --> 00:22:17,319 Junior, get in the car. 410 00:22:23,436 --> 00:22:26,405 Give me that salary check, Pearl. 411 00:22:26,472 --> 00:22:28,235 We need that money, James. 412 00:22:28,307 --> 00:22:29,467 Just give me the check. 413 00:22:29,542 --> 00:22:31,737 Go on. 414 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:36,241 His wife has it. 415 00:22:37,717 --> 00:22:38,945 [Mother, whispering] I thought it was in here. 416 00:22:39,018 --> 00:22:40,576 [Dr. Farmer] Just relax. It's all right. 417 00:22:40,654 --> 00:22:41,985 It's in here. You'll find it. 418 00:22:44,458 --> 00:22:46,926 Here it is. 419 00:22:49,998 --> 00:22:51,693 Here it is. 420 00:22:54,369 --> 00:22:56,837 [Man] That check better be good, boy. 421 00:22:56,939 --> 00:22:58,907 It's good. 422 00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:06,477 Well, pick it up! 423 00:23:19,461 --> 00:23:22,794 Here it is. 424 00:23:22,898 --> 00:23:24,661 Whoa, whoa, whoa! Where the hell do you think you're going? 425 00:23:24,767 --> 00:23:27,634 You got to help us get this hog in my truck. 426 00:23:27,704 --> 00:23:29,501 Come on. Grab the tail end of that, boy. 427 00:23:33,476 --> 00:23:35,000 All right, on three. 428 00:23:35,078 --> 00:23:37,706 One, two, three! [Grunting] 429 00:23:37,781 --> 00:23:40,443 Town niggers. They think they're too good to get their hands dirty. 430 00:23:57,701 --> 00:24:01,034 - Dad... - I told you to get in the car. 431 00:24:01,172 --> 00:24:04,141 When I tell you to do something, Junior, you do it. 432 00:24:07,246 --> 00:24:08,304 [Tolson] Who's the judge? 433 00:24:08,381 --> 00:24:09,905 The judge is God. 434 00:24:09,982 --> 00:24:11,279 Why is he God? 435 00:24:11,350 --> 00:24:13,784 Because he decides who wins or loses, 436 00:24:13,853 --> 00:24:14,945 not my opponent. 437 00:24:15,021 --> 00:24:16,045 Who is your opponent? 438 00:24:16,122 --> 00:24:17,589 He doesn't exist. 439 00:24:17,657 --> 00:24:19,284 Why does he not exist? 440 00:24:19,358 --> 00:24:22,122 He's merely a dissenting voice to the truth I speak. 441 00:24:22,328 --> 00:24:24,023 Who's the judge? 442 00:24:24,063 --> 00:24:26,031 - The judge is God! - The judge is God! 443 00:24:26,065 --> 00:24:27,555 Why is he God? 444 00:24:27,633 --> 00:24:30,966 Because he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent! 445 00:24:31,070 --> 00:24:31,968 Who is your opponent? 446 00:24:32,071 --> 00:24:33,834 He doesn't exist! 447 00:24:33,940 --> 00:24:35,498 Why doesn't he exist? 448 00:24:35,608 --> 00:24:39,237 Because he is merely a dissenting voice to the truth I speak! 449 00:24:39,312 --> 00:24:41,075 [Laughing] 450 00:24:41,147 --> 00:24:42,136 Who's the judge? 451 00:24:42,216 --> 00:24:43,615 The judge is God! 452 00:24:43,684 --> 00:24:44,912 Why is he God? 453 00:24:44,985 --> 00:24:48,751 Because he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent! 454 00:24:48,823 --> 00:24:50,017 Who's your opponent? 455 00:24:50,091 --> 00:24:51,285 He doesn't exist! 456 00:24:51,359 --> 00:24:52,883 Why does he not exist? 457 00:24:52,961 --> 00:24:56,488 Because he is merely a dissenting voice to the truth I speak! 458 00:24:56,564 --> 00:24:57,861 Who's the judge? 459 00:24:57,932 --> 00:24:58,990 The judge is God! 460 00:24:59,067 --> 00:24:59,897 Louder! 461 00:24:59,968 --> 00:25:01,492 The judge is God! 462 00:25:01,636 --> 00:25:02,694 Why is he God? 463 00:25:02,737 --> 00:25:06,002 Because he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent! 464 00:25:06,074 --> 00:25:07,063 Who's your opponent? 465 00:25:07,175 --> 00:25:08,267 He doesn't exist! 466 00:25:08,376 --> 00:25:09,604 Why does he not exist? 467 00:25:09,677 --> 00:25:13,306 Because he is merely a dissenting voice to the truth I speak! 468 00:25:13,381 --> 00:25:14,348 Speak the truth! 469 00:25:14,415 --> 00:25:15,746 Speak the truth! 470 00:25:15,817 --> 00:25:17,375 Yes, sir, I do like to talk. 471 00:25:17,452 --> 00:25:19,317 Is that a virtue or a vice? 472 00:25:19,387 --> 00:25:24,154 Well, I have to admit I've always wanted to be the quiet, mysterious type, 473 00:25:24,225 --> 00:25:26,318 only I couldn't keep my mouth shut long enough. 474 00:25:26,395 --> 00:25:29,228 Would you punch yourself in a street fight, Mr. Burgess? 475 00:25:30,566 --> 00:25:31,658 No, sir. 476 00:25:31,734 --> 00:25:33,429 Then don't punch yourself in a word fight. 477 00:25:33,503 --> 00:25:35,164 You don't have to make fun of yourself. 478 00:25:35,239 --> 00:25:40,176 Use your humor against your opponent. 479 00:25:40,244 --> 00:25:41,438 Mr. Farmer! 480 00:25:41,546 --> 00:25:42,570 Yes, sir. 481 00:25:43,981 --> 00:25:45,972 Happy Mr. Farmer. 482 00:25:46,083 --> 00:25:48,381 Tell us one thing we don't know about your father. 483 00:25:48,452 --> 00:25:49,680 He was the first Negro Ph... 484 00:25:49,754 --> 00:25:53,121 One thing we don't know about your father, Mr. Farmer. 485 00:25:55,059 --> 00:26:01,259 He walked from Florida to Massachusetts to go to college at Boston University. 486 00:26:01,399 --> 00:26:03,526 He graduated magna cum laude. 487 00:26:03,568 --> 00:26:05,661 Mr. Lowe! 488 00:26:09,675 --> 00:26:10,903 Tell us about your father. 489 00:26:11,009 --> 00:26:13,569 Why don't you tell us something about your father? 490 00:26:13,679 --> 00:26:15,738 We're trying to get to know each other, Mr. Lowe. 491 00:26:15,847 --> 00:26:17,838 I was trying to get to know you, Mr. Tolson. 492 00:26:17,950 --> 00:26:19,713 I'm not the one on the debate team. 493 00:26:19,785 --> 00:26:22,253 Are we not engaged in a debate right now? 494 00:26:23,388 --> 00:26:25,618 All right. 495 00:26:25,691 --> 00:26:27,750 I'll take the affirmative. 496 00:26:30,163 --> 00:26:35,226 Take the meanest... most restless nigger, 497 00:26:35,301 --> 00:26:37,269 strip him of his clothes 498 00:26:37,337 --> 00:26:39,532 in front of the remaining male niggers, female niggers, 499 00:26:39,606 --> 00:26:40,766 and nigger infants. 500 00:26:40,840 --> 00:26:42,671 Tar and feather him. 501 00:26:42,742 --> 00:26:45,836 Tie each leg to a horse facing an opposite direction, 502 00:26:45,946 --> 00:26:47,072 set him on fire, 503 00:26:47,181 --> 00:26:50,617 and beat both horses until they tear him apart 504 00:26:50,684 --> 00:26:54,051 in front of the male, female, and nigger infants. 505 00:26:54,121 --> 00:26:58,057 Bullwhip and beat the remaining nigger males 506 00:26:58,125 --> 00:26:59,490 within an inch of their life. 507 00:26:59,561 --> 00:27:02,291 Do not kill them, but put the fear of God in them, 508 00:27:02,330 --> 00:27:05,026 for they can be useful for future breeding. 509 00:27:05,066 --> 00:27:06,761 Anybody know who Willie Lynch was? 510 00:27:06,835 --> 00:27:08,234 Anybody? Raise your hand. 511 00:27:08,303 --> 00:27:09,497 No one? 512 00:27:09,571 --> 00:27:11,835 He was a vicious slave owner in the West Indies. 513 00:27:11,906 --> 00:27:14,340 The slave-masters in the colony of Virginia 514 00:27:14,409 --> 00:27:16,741 were having trouble controlling their slaves, 515 00:27:16,845 --> 00:27:20,303 so they sent for Mr. Lynch to teach them his methods. 516 00:27:20,416 --> 00:27:23,908 The word "lynching" came from his last name. 517 00:27:24,021 --> 00:27:28,219 His methods were very simple, but they were diabolical. 518 00:27:28,292 --> 00:27:32,353 Keep the slave physically strong but psychologically weak 519 00:27:32,429 --> 00:27:34,124 and dependent on the slave master. 520 00:27:34,197 --> 00:27:37,598 Keep the body, take the mind. 521 00:27:39,136 --> 00:27:44,233 I... and every other professor on this campus 522 00:27:44,308 --> 00:27:46,936 are here to help you... 523 00:27:48,779 --> 00:27:51,748 to find, take back, 524 00:27:51,815 --> 00:27:56,184 and keep your righteous mind... 525 00:27:56,253 --> 00:27:59,916 because obviously you have lost it. 526 00:28:01,825 --> 00:28:04,521 That's all you need to know about me, Mr. Lowe. 527 00:28:08,299 --> 00:28:09,891 Class dismissed. 528 00:28:13,138 --> 00:28:15,129 ## [Big band] 529 00:28:35,628 --> 00:28:36,686 Hey! 530 00:28:46,574 --> 00:28:48,166 [No audible dialogue] 531 00:29:47,870 --> 00:29:49,394 ## [Song ends] 532 00:29:52,609 --> 00:29:54,975 ## [Slow jazz] 533 00:29:55,045 --> 00:29:56,103 Here you go, honey. 534 00:29:56,180 --> 00:29:57,169 Thank you. 535 00:29:58,883 --> 00:29:59,815 Want to dance? 536 00:29:59,884 --> 00:30:01,112 Yes. 537 00:30:02,254 --> 00:30:03,482 Come on. 538 00:30:19,939 --> 00:30:21,736 You're a good dancer. 539 00:30:21,807 --> 00:30:23,536 Thank you. L... 540 00:30:23,609 --> 00:30:26,134 I practice in my room. 541 00:30:26,212 --> 00:30:28,146 Keep at it. 542 00:30:29,482 --> 00:30:30,915 Excuse me. 543 00:30:30,983 --> 00:30:32,541 Your punch. 544 00:30:32,618 --> 00:30:34,677 - Thank you. - Mm-hmm. 545 00:30:37,323 --> 00:30:39,348 I guess I better go get me some punch. 546 00:30:39,458 --> 00:30:41,187 Here, you can have mine if you want. 547 00:30:41,293 --> 00:30:43,386 It's good. 548 00:30:43,497 --> 00:30:45,055 All right? 549 00:30:48,201 --> 00:30:50,294 You know I can take you to a place 550 00:30:50,371 --> 00:30:51,497 that plays real music, right? 551 00:30:51,572 --> 00:30:53,403 I'm not leaving here, Henry. 552 00:30:53,474 --> 00:30:54,406 Just for a spell. 553 00:30:54,475 --> 00:30:56,136 I'll bring you right back. 554 00:30:56,210 --> 00:30:59,407 And what would my chaperone say? 555 00:30:59,480 --> 00:31:01,505 We'll be back before she ever knows you're gone. 556 00:31:01,649 --> 00:31:03,776 Mm-mm, mm-mm, mm-mm. 557 00:31:07,355 --> 00:31:09,346 What's the matter? You afraid? 558 00:31:19,701 --> 00:31:21,100 What's the matter? 559 00:31:21,170 --> 00:31:22,501 You afraid? 560 00:31:31,114 --> 00:31:32,547 Excuse me. 561 00:31:48,299 --> 00:31:49,766 [Creak] 562 00:32:05,250 --> 00:32:06,717 Mr. Tolson? 563 00:32:29,674 --> 00:32:31,574 Mr. Tolson! 564 00:32:39,051 --> 00:32:41,952 ## [Twanging blues guitar intro] 565 00:32:42,923 --> 00:32:44,948 # Hoo # 566 00:32:45,025 --> 00:32:47,550 # Woo-hoo # 567 00:32:49,430 --> 00:32:51,864 [glass breaks, laughter] 568 00:32:51,966 --> 00:32:56,426 # I remember down on block number 9 # 569 00:32:56,537 --> 00:32:59,836 # Couldn't hear nothin' but them old convicts whine # 570 00:32:59,907 --> 00:33:02,341 # Singin' "How long # 571 00:33:02,477 --> 00:33:06,937 # Before I can change my clothes?" # 572 00:33:30,173 --> 00:33:32,300 It's time. Let's go. 573 00:33:40,350 --> 00:33:42,477 [Tolson] ...break your back all day. 574 00:33:42,552 --> 00:33:44,042 [Horse sputters] 575 00:33:44,120 --> 00:33:46,350 And it's not right when they lie to the government 576 00:33:46,423 --> 00:33:49,256 and tell them that sharecroppers are just wage earners 577 00:33:49,325 --> 00:33:52,055 so they don't have to split their farmer's subsidies with you. 578 00:33:52,128 --> 00:33:54,653 And that's why the Southern Tenant Farmers Union 579 00:33:54,731 --> 00:33:55,993 wants you to organize: 580 00:33:56,066 --> 00:33:57,431 To make things right. 581 00:33:57,500 --> 00:33:59,058 [Sharecropper] How? Strike? 582 00:33:59,169 --> 00:34:01,069 Hell, they'll just bring in the Mexicans. 583 00:34:01,238 --> 00:34:02,205 We'll organize them, too. 584 00:34:02,306 --> 00:34:05,275 Yeah, so they can shoot us all down: White, colored, and Mexican. 585 00:34:05,309 --> 00:34:06,936 That's exactly what they want you to believe. 586 00:34:06,977 --> 00:34:09,002 The farm bosses want you to believe they'll make war. 587 00:34:09,080 --> 00:34:12,106 They won't. They may be fools, but they're smart businessmen. 588 00:34:12,184 --> 00:34:13,549 And once we're organized, 589 00:34:13,618 --> 00:34:15,415 they'll see even guns can't stop us. 590 00:34:15,487 --> 00:34:16,784 Stopped them in Elaine. 591 00:34:16,855 --> 00:34:18,288 Why don't you talk about that? 592 00:34:18,356 --> 00:34:21,052 About how they killed a hundred colored sharecroppers 593 00:34:21,127 --> 00:34:22,287 for trying to organize. 594 00:34:22,361 --> 00:34:23,453 That was 1919, friend. 595 00:34:23,529 --> 00:34:26,896 And that was my daddy they gunned down, friend. 596 00:34:26,966 --> 00:34:28,194 We're sorry about that. 597 00:34:28,267 --> 00:34:30,235 But those men stood alone. 598 00:34:30,303 --> 00:34:31,600 That's my point. 599 00:34:31,704 --> 00:34:33,399 This is 1935. 600 00:34:33,506 --> 00:34:35,303 We've got the National Labor Relations Board. 601 00:34:35,374 --> 00:34:36,671 We've got the AF of L. 602 00:34:36,743 --> 00:34:38,176 You ain't got shit! 603 00:34:38,244 --> 00:34:39,836 He ain't got shit! 604 00:34:39,913 --> 00:34:42,143 [All talking at once] 605 00:34:47,521 --> 00:34:49,318 [Trucks approaching] 606 00:34:51,258 --> 00:34:52,725 Here they come! Here they come! 607 00:34:52,793 --> 00:34:55,523 Get the lights! Everybody get down! 608 00:34:55,596 --> 00:34:57,325 Get down. Shh! 609 00:35:02,636 --> 00:35:04,001 Shh! 610 00:35:09,042 --> 00:35:11,135 [All shouting] 611 00:35:24,293 --> 00:35:27,228 [Neigh] 612 00:35:42,112 --> 00:35:43,136 Come on! 613 00:35:48,251 --> 00:35:51,321 [Man] Let's get out of here! 614 00:35:51,321 --> 00:35:53,551 This way! This way! This way! 615 00:35:53,623 --> 00:35:54,681 Come on! 616 00:35:58,863 --> 00:36:00,228 [Shouting] 617 00:36:11,877 --> 00:36:13,538 Come on. Come on! 618 00:36:26,825 --> 00:36:28,122 Come on! 619 00:36:28,193 --> 00:36:30,161 All right. All right. 620 00:36:30,229 --> 00:36:32,424 [Panting] 621 00:36:32,497 --> 00:36:35,898 What are you doing out here? Huh? 622 00:36:35,968 --> 00:36:38,027 I saw you... I was walking by your house, 623 00:36:38,104 --> 00:36:39,435 and I saw you dressed funny. 624 00:36:39,505 --> 00:36:40,631 I'm dressed like them, son. 625 00:36:40,707 --> 00:36:43,801 You think they'd listen to me if I was wearing a tuxedo? Huh? 626 00:36:43,910 --> 00:36:44,808 No, sir. 627 00:36:44,911 --> 00:36:45,900 Listen to me. 628 00:36:46,012 --> 00:36:47,138 You listening? 629 00:36:47,247 --> 00:36:49,613 You cannot tell anybody what you saw tonight. 630 00:36:49,682 --> 00:36:50,649 You understand? 631 00:36:50,717 --> 00:36:52,275 Not even my wife knows about this. 632 00:36:52,385 --> 00:36:53,852 I won't tell anybody, I promise. 633 00:36:53,953 --> 00:36:55,648 I promise on a stack of Bibles... 634 00:36:55,722 --> 00:36:56,654 Jesus. 635 00:36:56,723 --> 00:36:57,883 ...I won't tell anybody. 636 00:37:02,096 --> 00:37:03,120 Come on. 637 00:37:40,036 --> 00:37:41,162 Junior? 638 00:37:42,972 --> 00:37:45,065 Are you just going to stand there? 639 00:37:46,242 --> 00:37:47,573 No, sir. 640 00:37:57,488 --> 00:37:58,819 Sorry I'm late. 641 00:37:58,890 --> 00:38:01,654 You're sorry? 642 00:38:01,793 --> 00:38:04,421 It's 1:00 in the morning. 643 00:38:04,462 --> 00:38:06,157 I've been looking everywhere for you. 644 00:38:06,197 --> 00:38:09,325 I went to Mr. Tolson's house after the dance. 645 00:38:11,269 --> 00:38:14,033 I thought you might have done that. 646 00:38:14,105 --> 00:38:16,596 That's why I went over there. 647 00:38:16,674 --> 00:38:19,074 And I talked to Ruth. 648 00:38:19,143 --> 00:38:22,601 She said Tolson was gone and that you weren't there. 649 00:38:22,680 --> 00:38:25,911 So I'm going to give you another chance. 650 00:38:27,285 --> 00:38:28,946 Where were you? 651 00:38:29,053 --> 00:38:31,021 I can't tell you, sir. 652 00:38:31,122 --> 00:38:32,350 Good Lord, boy. 653 00:38:32,424 --> 00:38:34,517 We've been worried to death about you. 654 00:38:34,593 --> 00:38:35,560 Junior... 655 00:38:37,197 --> 00:38:39,165 where were you? 656 00:38:40,700 --> 00:38:42,497 I can't tell you, sir. 657 00:38:42,569 --> 00:38:43,501 Why not? 658 00:38:43,570 --> 00:38:45,162 I don't know. 659 00:38:45,239 --> 00:38:46,399 "I don't know." 660 00:38:48,009 --> 00:38:51,501 "I don't know" is not an acceptable answer, Junior. 661 00:38:51,579 --> 00:38:53,012 Junior. 662 00:38:53,080 --> 00:38:55,139 Silence is not an option, either. 663 00:38:56,517 --> 00:38:58,451 Son, you been drinking? 664 00:38:58,552 --> 00:38:59,678 Honey... 665 00:38:59,787 --> 00:39:01,880 Because you must've been drinking coming up in my house 666 00:39:02,056 --> 00:39:05,548 talking about you don't want to tell me where you been at 1:30 in the morning? 667 00:39:05,593 --> 00:39:06,855 Baby, tell me, what's the matter? 668 00:39:06,927 --> 00:39:08,053 Mom, nothing's the matter. 669 00:39:08,129 --> 00:39:09,153 Something's the matter! 670 00:39:09,230 --> 00:39:11,255 Something is wrong! 671 00:39:11,332 --> 00:39:12,594 Were you with that girl? 672 00:39:12,666 --> 00:39:14,327 - You were with that girl. - No. 673 00:39:14,402 --> 00:39:16,267 Because you're 14 years old, Junior. 674 00:39:16,338 --> 00:39:18,329 You've got plenty of time for girls later. 675 00:39:18,407 --> 00:39:19,601 I wasn't with Samantha. 676 00:39:19,674 --> 00:39:20,766 Junior. 677 00:39:22,711 --> 00:39:24,406 Then where were you? 678 00:39:27,549 --> 00:39:29,574 Where were you, honey? 679 00:39:31,353 --> 00:39:32,547 You don't want to talk? 680 00:39:32,654 --> 00:39:34,986 Fine. 681 00:39:35,057 --> 00:39:36,718 But you're not leaving this house. 682 00:39:36,826 --> 00:39:38,259 What do you mean? 683 00:39:38,327 --> 00:39:39,294 Just what I said. 684 00:39:39,395 --> 00:39:42,091 You're not leaving this house until you tell me the truth! 685 00:39:42,165 --> 00:39:43,393 What about school? 686 00:39:43,466 --> 00:39:45,331 Don't go questioning what I just said, boy! 687 00:39:45,401 --> 00:39:46,333 Mom, what about school? 688 00:39:46,402 --> 00:39:47,334 And don't raise your voice! 689 00:39:47,403 --> 00:39:48,392 I'm not raising my voice! 690 00:39:48,471 --> 00:39:49,802 You raising your voice in the house? 691 00:39:49,872 --> 00:39:50,804 Apologize to your father. 692 00:39:50,873 --> 00:39:52,397 I'm not raising my voice! 693 00:39:52,475 --> 00:39:53,806 You get a job, pay your own way? 694 00:39:53,876 --> 00:39:54,843 You're a man now? 695 00:39:54,911 --> 00:39:55,969 I'm not raising my voice! 696 00:39:56,046 --> 00:39:57,104 Just apologize! 697 00:39:57,181 --> 00:39:58,148 I didn't say anything! 698 00:39:58,216 --> 00:39:59,581 Why should I apologize? 699 00:39:59,651 --> 00:40:01,949 Like you apologized to that pig farmer? 700 00:40:02,087 --> 00:40:03,816 What did you say, boy? 701 00:40:10,695 --> 00:40:12,356 You go to your room. 702 00:40:15,400 --> 00:40:17,163 Okay, Junior... 703 00:40:28,213 --> 00:40:30,681 I'm not going to be weak on this, Pearl. 704 00:40:31,884 --> 00:40:33,215 I know. 705 00:40:34,687 --> 00:40:38,350 I can't allow my son to be corrupted. 706 00:40:38,458 --> 00:40:39,891 You're right. 707 00:40:41,361 --> 00:40:43,829 Let's just go to bed. 708 00:40:43,897 --> 00:40:45,728 I'll take him to school in the morning. 709 00:40:45,799 --> 00:40:47,266 All right? 710 00:40:48,435 --> 00:40:49,663 All right. 711 00:41:02,449 --> 00:41:04,314 I'm going to be honest with you, boys. 712 00:41:04,351 --> 00:41:05,716 I'm not well. 713 00:41:05,752 --> 00:41:08,346 I'm not well at all this morning. 714 00:41:08,421 --> 00:41:09,888 I'm sure sorry to hear that, sir. 715 00:41:09,956 --> 00:41:10,945 You look well to me. 716 00:41:11,024 --> 00:41:12,150 Don't he look well, Sam? 717 00:41:12,259 --> 00:41:14,227 Yes, sir. He looks real good. 718 00:41:14,294 --> 00:41:18,731 Now, we got some white fellas from up north come into our town. 719 00:41:18,799 --> 00:41:21,768 They're stirring up trouble between our coloreds and our whites. 720 00:41:21,836 --> 00:41:23,701 They say that we need to make a union: 721 00:41:23,772 --> 00:41:26,297 The sharecroppers and the workers all together, 722 00:41:26,376 --> 00:41:27,570 colored and white. 723 00:41:27,644 --> 00:41:29,475 They need to make a union? 724 00:41:29,546 --> 00:41:31,480 How do you boys feel about that? 725 00:41:31,548 --> 00:41:32,810 I don't know, sir. 726 00:41:32,882 --> 00:41:34,873 I really ain't thought much about that. 727 00:41:34,951 --> 00:41:36,919 Well, it's a bad idea. 728 00:41:36,986 --> 00:41:39,477 It's a bad idea, take my word for it. 729 00:41:39,556 --> 00:41:41,456 Yes, sir. 730 00:41:41,524 --> 00:41:44,084 And they say that there was some kind of secret meeting 731 00:41:44,160 --> 00:41:45,525 last night down near the lake. 732 00:41:45,628 --> 00:41:47,152 Now, do you boys know about that? 733 00:41:47,263 --> 00:41:48,662 No, sir. 734 00:41:48,731 --> 00:41:50,858 You don't know about that? 735 00:41:51,935 --> 00:41:53,596 - Samuel? - No, sir. 736 00:41:53,670 --> 00:41:55,001 - You didn't hear about that? - No, sir. 737 00:41:55,072 --> 00:41:56,369 - You swear to me? - Yes, sir. 738 00:41:56,440 --> 00:41:57,964 Yes, sir, I swear. 739 00:42:00,811 --> 00:42:02,574 All right, then. 740 00:42:05,082 --> 00:42:06,572 See you later. 741 00:42:06,784 --> 00:42:09,412 Our first debate 742 00:42:09,453 --> 00:42:14,413 is one week from today. 743 00:42:14,491 --> 00:42:16,356 - One week? - That's right. 744 00:42:16,428 --> 00:42:18,089 I thought Prairie View was first. 745 00:42:18,196 --> 00:42:21,029 Prairie View is tough, so I thought we needed a warm-up. 746 00:42:21,099 --> 00:42:23,590 With the best Negro college in the state? 747 00:42:23,702 --> 00:42:25,431 That's right, Mr. Burgess. 748 00:42:25,503 --> 00:42:26,595 Does that frighten you? 749 00:42:26,705 --> 00:42:28,229 Yes, sir. 750 00:42:28,306 --> 00:42:31,400 One week's not enough time to write our arguments. 751 00:42:31,476 --> 00:42:33,535 You do the research. I'll write the arguments. 752 00:42:33,612 --> 00:42:35,477 Wait. You... 753 00:42:35,548 --> 00:42:36,981 You write the arguments? 754 00:42:37,049 --> 00:42:38,038 And you deliver them, Mr. Lowe. 755 00:42:38,117 --> 00:42:39,846 What the hell do I look like, a mailman? 756 00:42:39,919 --> 00:42:42,888 Hell is where you're headed if you question me again. 757 00:42:42,955 --> 00:42:45,583 In theory, you look like a student. 758 00:42:45,658 --> 00:42:47,956 So what you're saying is I'm not capable. 759 00:42:48,027 --> 00:42:49,187 It's not a matter of competence. 760 00:42:49,262 --> 00:42:50,320 It's a matter of experience. 761 00:42:50,396 --> 00:42:51,556 How do I know you write... 762 00:42:51,665 --> 00:42:53,360 I write the arguments! 763 00:42:53,467 --> 00:42:54,729 That's the way it's been! 764 00:42:54,835 --> 00:42:57,201 That's the way it's going to be! 765 00:42:57,271 --> 00:42:59,967 Any more questions? 766 00:43:01,608 --> 00:43:03,166 One week. 767 00:43:05,646 --> 00:43:06,772 [Moderator] I bring to you 768 00:43:06,847 --> 00:43:09,042 our first affirmative debater: 769 00:43:09,117 --> 00:43:13,281 From Paul quinn College, Otheree Hubbard. 770 00:43:21,096 --> 00:43:25,499 Resolved: Unemployment relief should be ended 771 00:43:25,601 --> 00:43:28,069 when the Depression ends. 772 00:43:28,170 --> 00:43:29,967 If the Depression ends. 773 00:43:30,039 --> 00:43:33,668 I traveled back through history to 1536, 774 00:43:33,742 --> 00:43:36,233 when the first Poor Laws of England were mandated. 775 00:43:36,312 --> 00:43:39,645 In those days, the dole... or welfare, as we call it... 776 00:43:39,715 --> 00:43:42,445 was funded by voluntary contributions. 777 00:43:42,518 --> 00:43:44,986 But, as time passed, 778 00:43:45,054 --> 00:43:47,215 the English devised the Allowance System, 779 00:43:47,289 --> 00:43:49,257 the first unemployment relief, 780 00:43:49,325 --> 00:43:52,658 only now it was paid with involuntary contributions, 781 00:43:52,728 --> 00:43:54,628 more commonly known as taxes. 782 00:43:54,698 --> 00:43:55,892 [Audience laughs] 783 00:43:55,965 --> 00:43:58,297 The Allowance System was a disaster. 784 00:43:58,401 --> 00:44:01,268 The only real unemployment relief is to give a man a job. 785 00:44:01,405 --> 00:44:04,340 But to do that, you have to give the economy life, 786 00:44:04,375 --> 00:44:07,606 not tax it to death. 787 00:44:12,350 --> 00:44:14,545 When capitalism was young, 788 00:44:14,618 --> 00:44:16,711 the old puritanical concept of duty 789 00:44:16,787 --> 00:44:20,154 was, "He who does not work shall not eat." 790 00:44:20,225 --> 00:44:22,090 That made sense when there was more work 791 00:44:22,160 --> 00:44:23,855 than men willing to do it. 792 00:44:23,929 --> 00:44:25,487 But those days are gone. 793 00:44:25,564 --> 00:44:27,429 Now there are millions who want to work, 794 00:44:27,499 --> 00:44:29,364 but find themselves standing in breadlines. 795 00:44:29,434 --> 00:44:32,096 Now, should they not eat because there are no jobs? 796 00:44:32,204 --> 00:44:34,365 People, today we need a new concept of duty: 797 00:44:34,474 --> 00:44:37,443 The right of the individual to demand from society 798 00:44:37,510 --> 00:44:40,445 just as much as he gives to society. 799 00:44:43,216 --> 00:44:46,083 We clutch at anything that even looks like a solution. 800 00:44:46,152 --> 00:44:49,451 $60 million a month for public relief? 801 00:44:49,522 --> 00:44:53,322 Pay it out if it'll sweep the hoboes off the streets. 802 00:44:53,394 --> 00:44:57,854 One seventh of the population of the United States on welfare. 803 00:44:57,931 --> 00:45:00,263 Fine, as long as it ends our misery. 804 00:45:00,334 --> 00:45:04,737 A nation as desperate as this is a danger to itself. 805 00:45:04,805 --> 00:45:06,796 - [Applause] - [Audience member] That's right. 806 00:45:09,143 --> 00:45:10,610 Once, 807 00:45:10,711 --> 00:45:14,647 a Roman general brought peace to a rebellious province... 808 00:45:14,749 --> 00:45:17,547 by killing all its citizens. 809 00:45:17,619 --> 00:45:19,280 Even his fellow Romans were shocked. 810 00:45:19,354 --> 00:45:20,582 One of them wrote, 811 00:45:20,655 --> 00:45:22,953 "Solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant," 812 00:45:23,024 --> 00:45:27,256 which means "They create desolation and call it peace." 813 00:45:28,363 --> 00:45:30,160 Now, for all their facts and figures, 814 00:45:30,231 --> 00:45:34,065 the Paul quinn debaters would also create desolation and call it peace. 815 00:45:34,135 --> 00:45:38,231 They would allow the unemployed to die so the economy can live. 816 00:45:38,339 --> 00:45:39,897 [Applause] 817 00:45:56,093 --> 00:45:57,720 A brilliant young woman I know 818 00:45:57,795 --> 00:46:01,731 was asked once to support her argument in favor of social welfare. 819 00:46:01,866 --> 00:46:05,165 She named the most powerful source imaginable: 820 00:46:05,203 --> 00:46:09,435 The look in a mother's face when she cannot feed her children. 821 00:46:13,377 --> 00:46:15,777 Can you look that hungry child in the eyes? 822 00:46:15,847 --> 00:46:17,212 See the blood on his feet 823 00:46:17,281 --> 00:46:19,249 from walking barefoot in the cotton fields? 824 00:46:19,350 --> 00:46:22,376 Or do you ask his baby sister with her belly swollen from hunger 825 00:46:22,453 --> 00:46:24,318 if she cares about her daddy's work ethic? 826 00:46:24,388 --> 00:46:25,685 [Applause] 827 00:46:34,666 --> 00:46:35,655 He's good. 828 00:46:37,369 --> 00:46:40,702 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 829 00:46:40,740 --> 00:46:44,141 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 830 00:46:44,244 --> 00:46:47,042 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 831 00:46:47,146 --> 00:46:48,408 # Had a little girl # 832 00:46:48,515 --> 00:46:49,641 # She's little and low # 833 00:46:49,749 --> 00:46:51,114 # She used to love me # 834 00:46:51,184 --> 00:46:52,412 # But she don't no more # 835 00:46:52,485 --> 00:46:55,181 # You got to step it up and go, yeah # 836 00:46:55,255 --> 00:46:56,244 # Yeah, and go # 837 00:46:56,322 --> 00:46:58,813 The only thing that matters is that big fish eat little fish, 838 00:46:58,892 --> 00:47:01,019 and the color of the fish does not count! 839 00:47:01,160 --> 00:47:02,684 #... step it up and go # 840 00:47:03,897 --> 00:47:06,764 If the state of Mississippi would have turned their heads 841 00:47:06,833 --> 00:47:09,199 each and every time a Negro was lynched, 842 00:47:09,269 --> 00:47:10,896 shouldn't the federal government intervene? 843 00:47:12,040 --> 00:47:14,770 # Yeah, and go # 844 00:47:14,843 --> 00:47:16,276 # Well, you can't stand pat # 845 00:47:16,344 --> 00:47:19,040 # I declare you got to step it up and go # 846 00:47:20,582 --> 00:47:23,517 # Front door shut, back door, too # 847 00:47:23,585 --> 00:47:25,382 # Blinds pulled down, whatcha gonna do? # 848 00:47:25,453 --> 00:47:28,320 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 849 00:47:28,390 --> 00:47:31,154 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 850 00:47:31,227 --> 00:47:32,785 # Well, you can't stand pat # 851 00:47:32,862 --> 00:47:35,990 # I declare you got to step it up and go # 852 00:47:38,134 --> 00:47:39,226 # Got a little girl # 853 00:47:39,302 --> 00:47:40,792 # Her name is Ball # 854 00:47:40,870 --> 00:47:42,997 # Gave a little bit, but she took it all # 855 00:47:43,072 --> 00:47:45,563 # You got to step it up and go now # 856 00:47:45,641 --> 00:47:47,632 # Yeah, go # 857 00:47:47,710 --> 00:47:49,905 [Moderator] And the winner is... 858 00:47:49,979 --> 00:47:53,346 # I declare you got to step it up and go now # 859 00:47:53,450 --> 00:47:54,917 Wiley College! 860 00:47:55,018 --> 00:47:57,612 # Me and my baby walkin' down the street # 861 00:47:57,721 --> 00:48:00,189 # Tellin' everybody 'bout the chief of police # 862 00:48:00,257 --> 00:48:02,521 # You got to step it up and go now # 863 00:48:02,659 --> 00:48:05,594 # Yeah, and go # 864 00:48:05,629 --> 00:48:07,187 # Well, you can't stand pat # 865 00:48:07,230 --> 00:48:09,926 # I declare you got to step it up and go # 866 00:48:11,702 --> 00:48:14,569 # If you see my woman, tell her "Hurry home" # 867 00:48:14,638 --> 00:48:16,902 # Ain't had no lovin' since she been gone # 868 00:48:16,974 --> 00:48:18,942 # You got to step it up and go now # 869 00:48:19,009 --> 00:48:22,536 Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! 870 00:48:22,613 --> 00:48:24,012 # Well, you can't stand pat # 871 00:48:24,082 --> 00:48:26,915 # I declare you got to step it up and go # 872 00:48:28,186 --> 00:48:29,551 # Well, I'll sing this verse # 873 00:48:29,621 --> 00:48:31,213 # Ain't gonna sing no more # 874 00:48:31,323 --> 00:48:33,120 # Hear my gal call... # 875 00:48:33,192 --> 00:48:34,284 [Dozier] That's right, Captain. 876 00:48:34,360 --> 00:48:35,952 I think I've got the ringleader. 877 00:48:37,831 --> 00:48:41,392 Uh, all right, if that's what you want. 878 00:48:42,402 --> 00:48:44,267 Yeah. Okey-dokey, then. 879 00:48:44,337 --> 00:48:45,736 Bye-bye. 880 00:48:47,641 --> 00:48:48,801 Shit. 881 00:48:48,875 --> 00:48:50,342 [Deputy] Who was that? 882 00:48:50,410 --> 00:48:51,877 Captain Wainwright. 883 00:48:51,945 --> 00:48:53,708 Texas Rangers? 884 00:48:53,780 --> 00:48:54,974 Mm-hmm. 885 00:48:56,449 --> 00:49:00,351 He wants me to, uh, hold off on picking this fella up 886 00:49:00,420 --> 00:49:02,513 until him and his boys get up here. 887 00:49:02,689 --> 00:49:04,919 Shit. Wants to get his picture in the paper. 888 00:49:04,958 --> 00:49:05,982 Yeah. 889 00:49:06,059 --> 00:49:09,153 We do all the work, they get all the glory. 890 00:49:09,229 --> 00:49:10,753 Yep. 891 00:49:10,831 --> 00:49:12,230 [Sigh] 892 00:49:12,299 --> 00:49:16,971 I guess that's just the way the world is. 893 00:49:16,972 --> 00:49:18,837 Isn't that right, Samuel? 894 00:49:24,780 --> 00:49:27,271 I have an announcement to make. Excuse me. 895 00:49:28,450 --> 00:49:30,918 Recently, l... uh, we... 896 00:49:31,019 --> 00:49:32,486 Mm-hmm. 897 00:49:32,554 --> 00:49:35,990 ...sent some letters to some major universities. 898 00:49:36,058 --> 00:49:38,083 Told them all about us, our team, 899 00:49:38,193 --> 00:49:39,626 what we've been doing, 900 00:49:39,695 --> 00:49:43,654 and, uh, yesterday we got a response. 901 00:49:44,866 --> 00:49:47,061 From Oklahoma City University. 902 00:49:47,135 --> 00:49:48,568 Aren't they...? 903 00:49:48,637 --> 00:49:50,502 Anglo-Saxon? Yes. Yes. 904 00:49:50,573 --> 00:49:52,404 We'll be the first Negro college in America... 905 00:49:52,475 --> 00:49:54,670 well, one of the first Negro colleges in America... 906 00:49:54,744 --> 00:49:56,211 to ever debate a white college. 907 00:49:56,279 --> 00:49:57,371 All right! 908 00:49:57,447 --> 00:49:59,074 University of Oklahoma! 909 00:49:59,148 --> 00:50:02,515 Not University of Oklahoma. Oklahoma City University. 910 00:50:02,652 --> 00:50:05,382 The debate will take place at an off-campus site. 911 00:50:05,422 --> 00:50:07,083 Wait. An off-campus site? Why? 912 00:50:07,191 --> 00:50:09,216 Because sometimes, Mr. Lowe, 913 00:50:09,327 --> 00:50:11,591 you have to take things one step at a time. 914 00:50:11,663 --> 00:50:13,460 So what you're saying is the crackers in Oklahoma 915 00:50:13,531 --> 00:50:14,930 ain't gonna let us on their campus. 916 00:50:14,999 --> 00:50:18,059 No, what I'm saying is you have to take things one step at a time. 917 00:50:18,136 --> 00:50:19,603 This is a great opportunity. 918 00:50:19,671 --> 00:50:20,603 Thank you very much. 919 00:50:20,672 --> 00:50:24,164 Master is going to give us a crumb off his plate, huh? 920 00:50:27,345 --> 00:50:29,210 What? Wha... 921 00:50:29,281 --> 00:50:31,977 I think Lowe here is afraid. 922 00:50:32,051 --> 00:50:34,519 What am I afraid of, James? 923 00:50:34,587 --> 00:50:36,555 I think you're afraid to debate white people. 924 00:50:36,622 --> 00:50:37,987 - Anglo-Saxons. - Anglo-Saxons. 925 00:50:38,090 --> 00:50:38,818 Thank you very much. 926 00:50:38,924 --> 00:50:40,448 Mr. Tolson, let me debate. 927 00:50:40,559 --> 00:50:45,189 I mean, I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere: 928 00:50:45,297 --> 00:50:47,094 In a dark alley, with no light, 929 00:50:47,166 --> 00:50:49,430 with a candle lit and people chasing you down with guns. 930 00:50:49,502 --> 00:50:51,800 Hell, I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere. 931 00:50:51,871 --> 00:50:53,133 I ain't afraid. 932 00:50:53,205 --> 00:50:54,763 I am. 933 00:50:57,109 --> 00:50:58,269 [Sigh] 934 00:50:58,344 --> 00:51:00,574 Mr. Tolson, when I came here today, 935 00:51:00,646 --> 00:51:03,809 I saw the sheriff outside watching your house. 936 00:51:03,850 --> 00:51:05,943 What's going on? 937 00:51:10,291 --> 00:51:12,282 Maybe you should ask the sheriff. 938 00:51:12,393 --> 00:51:15,123 I've been hearing a lot of rumors about what you're doing. 939 00:51:15,229 --> 00:51:17,129 My dad just called the Dean last week 940 00:51:17,198 --> 00:51:18,756 and asked, "What is a communist doing 941 00:51:18,866 --> 00:51:20,231 teaching at a good Methodist college?" 942 00:51:20,301 --> 00:51:22,394 My politics are my business, Mr. Burgess, 943 00:51:22,470 --> 00:51:25,200 and I promise you that they will not endanger the team. 944 00:51:25,273 --> 00:51:26,900 But, sir, it is being endangered. 945 00:51:26,974 --> 00:51:29,306 I came to Wiley College to be educated, not investigated. 946 00:51:29,377 --> 00:51:30,503 I understand that. 947 00:51:30,578 --> 00:51:32,478 I don't want to be dragged into anything. 948 00:51:32,548 --> 00:51:34,675 - You're not... - If my parents find... 949 00:51:34,750 --> 00:51:36,547 I'm sorry. 950 00:51:37,686 --> 00:51:40,120 Mr. Tolson, please. 951 00:51:40,189 --> 00:51:42,282 Just tell me you're not a communist. Otherwise... 952 00:51:42,357 --> 00:51:44,052 Otherwise what? 953 00:51:47,396 --> 00:51:48,954 Otherwise what? 954 00:51:49,065 --> 00:51:50,896 My father says I have to quit. 955 00:51:50,967 --> 00:51:52,298 Nobody wants that. 956 00:51:52,368 --> 00:51:53,699 Then tell me. 957 00:51:55,372 --> 00:52:01,072 As I said, my politics are my business. 958 00:52:02,813 --> 00:52:04,644 I guess I have to resign. 959 00:52:14,491 --> 00:52:19,292 Mrs. Tolson, thank you for a wonderful dinner. 960 00:52:19,396 --> 00:52:21,591 You're welcome, Ham. 961 00:52:23,534 --> 00:52:25,126 Good luck in Oklahoma, y'all. 962 00:52:28,106 --> 00:52:29,801 I know you'll win. 963 00:52:44,723 --> 00:52:46,452 All right. Well, 964 00:52:46,525 --> 00:52:49,392 if anybody else wants to quit, I'll understand. 965 00:53:35,376 --> 00:53:36,502 Resolved: 966 00:53:36,577 --> 00:53:40,104 Negroes should be... 967 00:53:40,182 --> 00:53:42,776 should be admitted... 968 00:53:42,851 --> 00:53:44,318 I can't hear you! 969 00:53:44,386 --> 00:53:46,047 Speak up! 970 00:53:46,121 --> 00:53:48,214 [Iouder] Resolved... 971 00:53:49,592 --> 00:53:56,896 Negroes should be admitted to state universities. 972 00:53:56,967 --> 00:54:00,164 My partner and I will prove 973 00:54:00,270 --> 00:54:04,639 that blocking a Negro's admission to a state university 974 00:54:04,708 --> 00:54:09,407 is not only wrong, it is absurd. 975 00:54:09,479 --> 00:54:16,146 The Negro people are not just a color in the American fabric. 976 00:54:16,219 --> 00:54:19,188 They are the thread that holds it all together. 977 00:54:19,255 --> 00:54:23,021 Consider the legal and historical record. 978 00:54:23,093 --> 00:54:25,061 May 13, 1865: 979 00:54:25,129 --> 00:54:26,756 Sergeant Crocker, a Negro, 980 00:54:26,832 --> 00:54:30,598 is the last soldier to die in the Civil War. 981 00:54:30,669 --> 00:54:32,830 1918: The first U.S. Soldiers 982 00:54:32,939 --> 00:54:34,804 decorated for bravery in France 983 00:54:34,874 --> 00:54:38,366 are Negroes Henry Johnson and Needham Roberts. 984 00:54:38,478 --> 00:54:41,914 1920: The New York Times announces 985 00:54:41,981 --> 00:54:46,111 that the "N" in Negro would hereafter be capitalized. 986 00:54:46,185 --> 00:54:50,212 To force upon the South what they are not ready for 987 00:54:50,289 --> 00:54:52,621 would result in nothing but more racial hatred. 988 00:54:52,692 --> 00:54:53,681 [Audience member] What? 989 00:54:53,760 --> 00:54:55,785 Dr. W.E.B. DuBois... 990 00:54:55,862 --> 00:54:59,059 he's perhaps the most eminent Negro scholar in America. 991 00:54:59,132 --> 00:55:00,997 He comments... 992 00:55:01,134 --> 00:55:05,127 "It's a silly waste of money, time, and temper 993 00:55:05,171 --> 00:55:06,798 "to try and compel a powerful majority 994 00:55:06,874 --> 00:55:10,833 to do what they are determined not to do." 995 00:55:10,944 --> 00:55:14,311 My opponent so conveniently chose to ignore the fact 996 00:55:14,381 --> 00:55:18,044 that W.E.B. DuBois is the first Negro 997 00:55:18,118 --> 00:55:21,781 to receive a Ph. D from a white college called Harvard. 998 00:55:21,855 --> 00:55:23,413 Dr. DuBois, he adds, 999 00:55:23,490 --> 00:55:27,859 "It is impossible... impossible for a Negro 1000 00:55:27,929 --> 00:55:30,762 to receive a proper education at a white college." 1001 00:55:30,832 --> 00:55:33,858 The most eminent Negro scholar in America 1002 00:55:33,935 --> 00:55:36,267 is the product of an Ivy League education. 1003 00:55:36,337 --> 00:55:39,602 You see, DuBois knows all too well the white man's resistance to change. 1004 00:55:39,707 --> 00:55:43,507 But that's no reason to keep a black man out of any college. 1005 00:55:43,578 --> 00:55:46,775 If someone didn't force upon the South something it wasn't ready for, 1006 00:55:46,849 --> 00:55:48,043 I'd still be in chains, 1007 00:55:48,117 --> 00:55:50,551 and Miss Booke here would be running from her old Master! 1008 00:55:50,619 --> 00:55:52,314 [Applause] 1009 00:55:52,389 --> 00:55:55,017 I do admit it. 1010 00:55:55,092 --> 00:55:56,992 It is true. 1011 00:55:57,060 --> 00:56:01,190 Far too many whites are afflicted with the disease of racial hatred. 1012 00:56:01,331 --> 00:56:03,458 And because of racism, 1013 00:56:03,533 --> 00:56:06,093 it would be impossible for a Negro to be happy 1014 00:56:06,136 --> 00:56:07,501 at a southern white college today. 1015 00:56:07,537 --> 00:56:08,629 [Woman] That's true. 1016 00:56:08,705 --> 00:56:10,070 And if someone is unhappy, 1017 00:56:10,140 --> 00:56:14,236 it is impossible to see how they could receive a proper education. 1018 00:56:14,344 --> 00:56:15,811 That's right. 1019 00:56:15,879 --> 00:56:17,437 Yes, a time will come 1020 00:56:17,548 --> 00:56:20,415 when Negroes and whites will walk on the same campus 1021 00:56:20,485 --> 00:56:23,147 and we will share the same classrooms. 1022 00:56:24,689 --> 00:56:27,920 But sadly, that day is not today. 1023 00:56:27,993 --> 00:56:31,485 As long as schools are segregated, 1024 00:56:31,563 --> 00:56:37,365 Negroes will receive an education that is both separate and unequal. 1025 00:56:37,436 --> 00:56:39,404 By Oklahoma's own reckoning, 1026 00:56:39,471 --> 00:56:43,202 the state is currently spending five times more 1027 00:56:43,275 --> 00:56:45,243 for the education of a white child 1028 00:56:45,344 --> 00:56:47,676 than it is spending to educate a colored child. 1029 00:56:47,779 --> 00:56:51,374 That means better textbooks for that child than for that child. 1030 00:56:51,483 --> 00:56:53,041 Oh, I say that's a shame, 1031 00:56:53,152 --> 00:56:56,246 but my opponent says today is not the day 1032 00:56:56,321 --> 00:57:00,121 for whites and coloreds to go to the same college, 1033 00:57:00,192 --> 00:57:02,456 to share the same campus, 1034 00:57:02,594 --> 00:57:04,585 to walk in the same classroom. 1035 00:57:04,630 --> 00:57:08,259 Well, would you kindly tell me when is that day gonna come? 1036 00:57:08,301 --> 00:57:10,565 Is it gonna come tomorrow? Is it gonna come next week? 1037 00:57:10,638 --> 00:57:11,935 In a hundred years? 1038 00:57:12,006 --> 00:57:13,064 Never? 1039 00:57:13,140 --> 00:57:15,131 No, the time for justice, 1040 00:57:15,209 --> 00:57:18,178 the time for freedom, and the time for equality 1041 00:57:18,246 --> 00:57:22,012 is always, is always, right now! 1042 00:57:38,500 --> 00:57:39,489 Thank you. 1043 00:57:49,812 --> 00:57:51,541 [Coughing] 1044 00:57:51,614 --> 00:57:53,047 What is this? 1045 00:57:53,149 --> 00:57:54,616 I told you it was holy wine. 1046 00:57:54,717 --> 00:57:55,877 Put hair on your chest. 1047 00:57:55,985 --> 00:57:57,418 If you say so. 1048 00:57:57,486 --> 00:57:58,418 Good, ain't it? 1049 00:57:58,487 --> 00:57:59,579 [Cough] Uh-huh. 1050 00:57:59,689 --> 00:58:01,816 You know where the bathroom is if you need it. 1051 00:58:01,958 --> 00:58:03,186 Yeah. [Cough] 1052 00:58:03,260 --> 00:58:05,228 [General chatter] 1053 00:58:08,498 --> 00:58:10,864 And my weapons were words. 1054 00:58:10,934 --> 00:58:13,266 I didn't need a gun. I didn't need a knife. 1055 00:58:13,337 --> 00:58:14,326 You see... 1056 00:58:15,806 --> 00:58:17,933 Meet me outside in five minutes. 1057 00:58:18,008 --> 00:58:20,067 And then what? 1058 00:58:31,856 --> 00:58:33,221 Yes, I did, honey, 1059 00:58:33,291 --> 00:58:35,657 and nobody knows that better than you know. 1060 00:58:35,727 --> 00:58:36,853 Oh, I'm fine. 1061 00:58:36,928 --> 00:58:38,361 How are you doing, Pearl? 1062 00:58:38,429 --> 00:58:39,453 Pearl! 1063 00:58:39,530 --> 00:58:41,395 Yes, I do. Where's your husband? 1064 00:58:41,466 --> 00:58:43,297 - He's in the study. - Okay. 1065 00:58:56,883 --> 00:58:58,783 Dr. Farmer. 1066 00:58:58,885 --> 00:59:00,182 Congratulations, Melvin. 1067 00:59:00,287 --> 00:59:01,185 Thank you. 1068 00:59:01,321 --> 00:59:02,652 You've put us on the map. 1069 00:59:02,722 --> 00:59:04,349 Well, your son is doing a great job. 1070 00:59:04,392 --> 00:59:05,791 His research is impeccable. 1071 00:59:05,860 --> 00:59:08,488 That's good to hear. That's good to hear. 1072 00:59:08,562 --> 00:59:11,429 Listen, there are people around town 1073 00:59:11,499 --> 00:59:14,400 who aren't very happy with your off-campus activities. 1074 00:59:15,870 --> 00:59:17,633 They're calling you a radical. 1075 00:59:17,705 --> 00:59:19,764 In fact, I wouldn't be a bit surprised 1076 00:59:19,840 --> 00:59:22,001 to find out one morning when I woke up 1077 00:59:22,076 --> 00:59:23,941 that you were strung up to a tree. 1078 00:59:24,011 --> 00:59:25,376 They'd have to catch me first. 1079 00:59:25,446 --> 00:59:26,970 This is serious, Melvin. 1080 00:59:27,048 --> 00:59:28,709 Very serious. 1081 00:59:28,783 --> 00:59:31,343 A hungry Negro steals a chicken, he goes to jail. 1082 00:59:31,419 --> 00:59:34,252 A rich businessman steals bonds, he goes to Congress. 1083 00:59:34,355 --> 00:59:35,549 I think that's wrong. 1084 00:59:35,656 --> 00:59:38,853 Now, if that makes me a radical, a socialist, a communist, so be it. 1085 00:59:38,926 --> 00:59:39,984 Amen... Amen on that. 1086 00:59:40,094 --> 00:59:41,618 - Jesus was a radical. - Careful. 1087 00:59:41,729 --> 00:59:43,594 Yes, He was. Jesus was a radical. 1088 00:59:43,665 --> 00:59:45,189 Mental institutions are filled with people 1089 00:59:45,267 --> 00:59:46,859 who have confused themselves with Jesus Christ. 1090 00:59:46,935 --> 00:59:47,993 I'm not confused. 1091 00:59:48,071 --> 00:59:49,538 You're convinced you're Jesus Christ now? 1092 00:59:49,605 --> 00:59:51,038 - No. - You're convinced you're Jesus Christ? 1093 00:59:51,107 --> 00:59:52,438 You know what words do. 1094 00:59:52,508 --> 00:59:53,668 - Okay. - Come on now. 1095 00:59:53,743 --> 00:59:54,971 Amen. 1096 00:59:55,044 --> 00:59:56,341 Don't want to confuse yourself with Jesus Christ. 1097 00:59:56,412 --> 00:59:58,243 I'm not confused. I'm convinced. 1098 00:59:58,314 --> 01:00:00,942 I'm not, uh, I'm not judging you. 1099 01:00:02,151 --> 01:00:06,789 I'm just concerned about your methods. 1100 01:00:06,789 --> 01:00:08,757 What methods? 1101 01:00:08,825 --> 01:00:11,885 James was there that night, wasn't he? 1102 01:00:11,995 --> 01:00:14,623 He was not with me. 1103 01:00:14,698 --> 01:00:15,926 Is he involved in this? 1104 01:00:15,999 --> 01:00:17,261 Of course not, James. 1105 01:00:17,334 --> 01:00:20,098 I've done everything in my power to keep him out of this. 1106 01:00:20,170 --> 01:00:21,228 - To keep him out? - Yes. 1107 01:00:21,305 --> 01:00:23,068 Are you telling me he wants to be involved? 1108 01:00:23,141 --> 01:00:24,768 Maybe this is something you should discuss with him. 1109 01:00:24,843 --> 01:00:26,242 I'm discussing it with you right now, 1110 01:00:26,311 --> 01:00:28,370 and I don't feel like I'm getting a straight answer. 1111 01:00:28,446 --> 01:00:29,606 You're getting a straight answer. 1112 01:00:29,681 --> 01:00:32,149 I think that you were there with him that night. 1113 01:00:32,217 --> 01:00:33,149 He was not with me. 1114 01:00:33,218 --> 01:00:34,310 He's a 14-year-old boy. 1115 01:00:34,386 --> 01:00:35,375 I understand that. 1116 01:00:35,453 --> 01:00:38,013 I'll do whatever I have to do to protect him. 1117 01:00:38,089 --> 01:00:39,249 Is anybody thirsty? 1118 01:00:39,357 --> 01:00:40,847 Here you are. 1119 01:00:40,960 --> 01:00:42,894 Thank you. Thank you, Ruth. 1120 01:00:42,962 --> 01:00:44,361 - You're welcome. - Mm-hmm. 1121 01:00:44,430 --> 01:00:45,897 Okay. 1122 01:00:45,998 --> 01:00:48,364 Ruth, this is a fine party. 1123 01:00:48,434 --> 01:00:49,833 - Thank you. - Mm-hmm. 1124 01:00:49,902 --> 01:00:51,870 I think it's time for some sweet potato pie. 1125 01:00:51,937 --> 01:00:52,869 Please. 1126 01:00:52,938 --> 01:00:54,269 I'll help you with that. 1127 01:01:01,313 --> 01:01:03,941 Not the time to talk about it. 1128 01:01:04,017 --> 01:01:04,779 Congratulations. 1129 01:01:04,818 --> 01:01:06,183 Thank you. 1130 01:01:29,985 --> 01:01:32,647 It's so beautiful out here. 1131 01:01:32,721 --> 01:01:34,484 Mm-hmm. 1132 01:01:34,557 --> 01:01:35,717 Yeah. 1133 01:01:35,791 --> 01:01:39,522 I was born near here, a little further up the lake near Jefferson. 1134 01:01:39,596 --> 01:01:43,088 I've been coming here since I was a little boy. 1135 01:01:43,167 --> 01:01:45,692 Your parents still live around here? 1136 01:01:45,770 --> 01:01:48,898 No, no. They're, uh, they're gone. 1137 01:01:49,007 --> 01:01:50,998 My grandparents raised me. 1138 01:01:51,109 --> 01:01:53,077 And my Pah-Pah, he, uh, 1139 01:01:53,177 --> 01:01:55,475 spent his life doing the levees around here... 1140 01:01:55,546 --> 01:01:56,808 for free, of course. 1141 01:01:56,881 --> 01:01:59,111 - Mm. He was a slave? - Mm-hmm. 1142 01:01:59,183 --> 01:02:01,617 My grandma was always telling me to be good 1143 01:02:01,753 --> 01:02:05,189 or else the Confederates would rise up out of Marshall Cemetery and get me. 1144 01:02:07,725 --> 01:02:09,090 Boy. 1145 01:02:13,364 --> 01:02:14,524 What? 1146 01:02:14,599 --> 01:02:17,864 I've just never seen this side of you before. 1147 01:02:17,935 --> 01:02:20,028 What side? 1148 01:02:20,138 --> 01:02:22,572 You seem so calm, 1149 01:02:22,641 --> 01:02:24,074 so peaceful. 1150 01:02:24,143 --> 01:02:27,442 It's what the lake does to me. 1151 01:02:27,514 --> 01:02:29,982 I'm happy when I'm out here, you know? 1152 01:02:31,918 --> 01:02:33,579 It's funny. 1153 01:02:47,367 --> 01:02:52,066 Part of me wants to just stay out here by the lake, you know? 1154 01:02:52,138 --> 01:02:57,235 Read books all day and hunt and fish when I get hungry. 1155 01:02:57,343 --> 01:02:59,641 And the other part wants to go everywhere, 1156 01:02:59,713 --> 01:03:00,975 you know, see everything. 1157 01:03:01,114 --> 01:03:07,849 I want to go to New Orleans and New York and Chicago and even San Francisco. 1158 01:03:08,824 --> 01:03:11,349 I just want to go... 1159 01:03:11,426 --> 01:03:15,556 walking down the road and... 1160 01:03:15,630 --> 01:03:16,995 just disappear. 1161 01:03:20,536 --> 01:03:23,505 Well, maybe you could take me with you. 1162 01:04:42,355 --> 01:04:44,653 ## ["When the Saints Come Marching In"] 1163 01:05:10,085 --> 01:05:11,211 - Lord. - What? 1164 01:05:11,320 --> 01:05:12,878 It's the school band, and they're outside. 1165 01:05:12,988 --> 01:05:14,649 What? Jesus! 1166 01:05:14,723 --> 01:05:16,657 I thought you said nobody ever comes around here. 1167 01:05:16,725 --> 01:05:17,987 Nobody ever does come here, Samantha. 1168 01:05:18,060 --> 01:05:19,459 - [Knock on door] - Hold on! Hold on! 1169 01:05:19,528 --> 01:05:21,155 Henry, come on! 1170 01:05:21,230 --> 01:05:22,254 [Knocking] 1171 01:05:22,331 --> 01:05:23,696 Henry. 1172 01:05:23,765 --> 01:05:24,925 Get dressed. 1173 01:05:25,000 --> 01:05:26,558 What's going on? 1174 01:05:26,635 --> 01:05:28,830 We're gonna go get Mr. Tolson and Samantha, 1175 01:05:28,904 --> 01:05:31,566 head back to the campus, and have a pep rally. 1176 01:05:31,640 --> 01:05:32,971 Come on, get dressed. 1177 01:05:33,041 --> 01:05:34,633 You know what? You go get Tolson, 1178 01:05:34,710 --> 01:05:36,803 and I'll meet up with y'all later on campus. 1179 01:05:36,879 --> 01:05:38,073 Come on, Lowe. 1180 01:05:38,146 --> 01:05:40,410 You know it's going to be fun. 1181 01:05:52,095 --> 01:05:54,529 I guess I'll tell them you're going to join us later? 1182 01:06:07,545 --> 01:06:09,274 He's going to join us later. 1183 01:06:09,347 --> 01:06:12,077 He just has to clean his house, that's all. 1184 01:06:14,386 --> 01:06:15,353 [Sigh] 1185 01:06:30,436 --> 01:06:34,270 Great news. Great news. Great news! 1186 01:06:34,340 --> 01:06:37,207 My phone has been ringing off the hook. 1187 01:06:37,276 --> 01:06:39,471 University of Michigan wants to debate us. 1188 01:06:39,545 --> 01:06:41,570 So does SMU. So does Georgia. 1189 01:06:41,647 --> 01:06:42,739 Where's Mr. Lowe? 1190 01:06:42,815 --> 01:06:44,783 When do I get to debate? 1191 01:06:44,850 --> 01:06:46,215 Sooner than you think, James. 1192 01:06:46,319 --> 01:06:47,377 Sooner than you think. 1193 01:06:47,486 --> 01:06:48,612 When? 1194 01:06:48,722 --> 01:06:50,053 When you're ready. 1195 01:06:50,123 --> 01:06:51,283 I'm ready now. 1196 01:06:51,391 --> 01:06:54,554 Mr. Tolson, I do not mind if James... 1197 01:06:56,530 --> 01:06:57,656 What's wrong? 1198 01:06:57,731 --> 01:07:00,165 Maybe I'm tired of this. 1199 01:07:00,234 --> 01:07:01,565 Of what? 1200 01:07:01,703 --> 01:07:03,637 Of watching other people debate. 1201 01:07:03,705 --> 01:07:05,900 When am I going to get a chance to prove myself? 1202 01:07:05,940 --> 01:07:07,908 You're our best researcher, James. 1203 01:07:07,942 --> 01:07:09,534 We could not do this without you. 1204 01:07:09,610 --> 01:07:11,908 You do plenty without me. 1205 01:07:16,751 --> 01:07:18,082 Excuse me. 1206 01:07:21,356 --> 01:07:22,516 - James! - What? 1207 01:07:22,623 --> 01:07:25,456 James, you wait! 1208 01:07:25,527 --> 01:07:28,360 That was so mean what you said in there. 1209 01:07:30,099 --> 01:07:32,192 All right, uh, look, 1210 01:07:32,267 --> 01:07:33,962 I don't want to lose your friendship. 1211 01:07:34,036 --> 01:07:37,096 How can you lose something that you never had? 1212 01:07:37,172 --> 01:07:39,197 You were never my friend? 1213 01:07:39,275 --> 01:07:41,675 Maybe I don't want to just be your friend. 1214 01:07:41,746 --> 01:07:44,214 Maybe it hurts me to be your friend. 1215 01:07:55,659 --> 01:07:57,024 - What's going on? - What's going on? 1216 01:07:57,094 --> 01:07:58,493 [All murmuring] 1217 01:08:00,164 --> 01:08:01,563 [Officer] Grab his hands. 1218 01:08:05,369 --> 01:08:07,496 Mr. Tolson! 1219 01:08:12,510 --> 01:08:13,534 Where is he? 1220 01:08:13,611 --> 01:08:14,771 Calm down, Henry. 1221 01:08:14,845 --> 01:08:15,777 Have you seen him? 1222 01:08:15,846 --> 01:08:17,006 No, they won't let us. 1223 01:08:17,081 --> 01:08:18,446 They didn't do nothing to you, did they? 1224 01:08:18,517 --> 01:08:20,508 - No, we're fine. - Deputy, 1225 01:08:20,585 --> 01:08:22,143 I'm Dr. James Farmer of Wiley College. 1226 01:08:22,220 --> 01:08:24,120 This is William Taylor, Mr. Tolson's attorney. 1227 01:08:24,189 --> 01:08:25,656 And this is his wife Ruth. 1228 01:08:25,724 --> 01:08:26,748 Hello. 1229 01:08:26,858 --> 01:08:28,382 I'd like to see my client, please. 1230 01:08:28,493 --> 01:08:29,460 William! 1231 01:08:29,528 --> 01:08:31,018 Sheriff Dozier. Dr. James Farmer... 1232 01:08:31,129 --> 01:08:32,926 Hello, William. How you doing today? 1233 01:08:32,998 --> 01:08:34,556 Fine, sir, thank you. And you? 1234 01:08:34,667 --> 01:08:36,259 Oh, not too bad, not too bad. 1235 01:08:36,335 --> 01:08:37,859 Me and William, we go way back. 1236 01:08:37,937 --> 01:08:39,928 I knew William when I was a boy. 1237 01:08:40,006 --> 01:08:42,873 Could I see my client now, Sheriff? 1238 01:08:42,942 --> 01:08:44,136 Your client? 1239 01:08:44,210 --> 01:08:46,610 Well, the fact of the business is, William, 1240 01:08:46,679 --> 01:08:48,579 your client is kind of busy right now. 1241 01:08:48,648 --> 01:08:49,910 Busy doing what? 1242 01:08:49,983 --> 01:08:52,611 [Deputy] Sheriff. Sheriff. 1243 01:08:53,620 --> 01:08:54,746 [Whispering] We have a situation. 1244 01:08:54,822 --> 01:08:55,880 [Shouting outside] 1245 01:08:55,956 --> 01:08:57,389 Get some of your boys out there. 1246 01:08:57,459 --> 01:08:58,483 [Deputy] All right, men. 1247 01:08:58,560 --> 01:09:01,529 Let him go! Let him go! 1248 01:09:01,696 --> 01:09:03,994 Let him go! Let him go! 1249 01:09:04,065 --> 01:09:06,693 Let him go! Let him go! 1250 01:09:06,734 --> 01:09:09,362 Let him go! Let him go! 1251 01:09:09,437 --> 01:09:11,098 Let him go! Let him go! 1252 01:09:11,172 --> 01:09:13,436 Let him go! Let him go! 1253 01:09:13,508 --> 01:09:15,339 Let him go! Let him go! 1254 01:09:15,410 --> 01:09:17,037 Let him go! Let him go! 1255 01:09:17,112 --> 01:09:18,409 They with you? 1256 01:09:18,480 --> 01:09:19,970 That's right. 1257 01:09:20,048 --> 01:09:24,075 See? This is what happens to a town when you let the unions in. 1258 01:09:24,152 --> 01:09:25,380 Starts trouble. 1259 01:09:25,453 --> 01:09:27,717 People get all riled up about nothing. 1260 01:09:27,790 --> 01:09:31,624 One of them's liable to get hurt, if you catch my drift. 1261 01:09:31,694 --> 01:09:33,662 Sheriff, since it's clear 1262 01:09:33,762 --> 01:09:36,925 that you have no evidence to arrest Mr. Tolson, 1263 01:09:37,033 --> 01:09:38,933 I suggest you let him go. 1264 01:09:39,002 --> 01:09:40,264 You suggest it? 1265 01:09:40,337 --> 01:09:41,634 Who the hell are you? 1266 01:09:42,739 --> 01:09:44,639 Couple of months ago, 1267 01:09:44,708 --> 01:09:47,836 there was a raid on Floyd Tillman's barn. 1268 01:09:47,911 --> 01:09:51,608 It was a peaceful and lawful gathering of sharecroppers 1269 01:09:51,681 --> 01:09:56,584 who were brutally attacked by a gang of violent vigilantes. 1270 01:09:56,653 --> 01:10:00,487 Now, witnesses say that you were there. 1271 01:10:00,557 --> 01:10:04,118 If you led that raid, Sheriff, 1272 01:10:04,261 --> 01:10:07,424 you're the one who broke the law, not Tolson. 1273 01:10:08,798 --> 01:10:10,891 Are you threatening me, boy? 1274 01:10:11,001 --> 01:10:12,332 No, sir. 1275 01:10:12,402 --> 01:10:14,370 I wouldn't do that. 1276 01:10:14,471 --> 01:10:17,497 But I cannot speak for those people outside. 1277 01:10:18,577 --> 01:10:22,570 An unjust law is no law at all. 1278 01:10:22,649 --> 01:10:24,844 What does that mean? 1279 01:10:24,918 --> 01:10:26,943 A mass slaughter 1280 01:10:27,020 --> 01:10:30,615 of citizens, both white and colored, 1281 01:10:30,690 --> 01:10:32,419 by Texas Rangers? 1282 01:10:32,492 --> 01:10:36,155 Is that really what you want as the Sheriff of this county? 1283 01:10:38,731 --> 01:10:41,598 Now, if you let Tolson go home, 1284 01:10:41,701 --> 01:10:43,532 I believe... 1285 01:10:43,603 --> 01:10:49,007 I believe that these folks outside, they'll go home as well. 1286 01:10:53,413 --> 01:10:55,210 [Cheering] 1287 01:11:15,136 --> 01:11:17,366 That pig wasn't worth $25. 1288 01:11:17,472 --> 01:11:18,439 What? 1289 01:11:18,506 --> 01:11:20,667 You owe my father some money. 1290 01:12:19,972 --> 01:12:21,439 Have a seat, Mr. Farmer. 1291 01:12:23,042 --> 01:12:25,033 Oh, Lord. 1292 01:12:26,345 --> 01:12:27,539 Um... 1293 01:12:30,115 --> 01:12:32,583 SMU has cancelled. 1294 01:12:32,651 --> 01:12:36,519 University of Georgia sounds like they will follow suit. 1295 01:12:36,588 --> 01:12:37,987 Why? 1296 01:12:39,491 --> 01:12:42,187 I've been blacklisted. 1297 01:12:42,261 --> 01:12:44,252 They're talking about censuring me. 1298 01:12:44,330 --> 01:12:46,662 Dean Clay and the board have asked me 1299 01:12:46,732 --> 01:12:50,190 to stop working with the sharecroppers, or else. 1300 01:12:50,269 --> 01:12:52,829 They say that it is not my fight. 1301 01:12:52,905 --> 01:12:56,397 So... things are bad. 1302 01:12:56,509 --> 01:12:58,477 My academic career's in jeopardy. 1303 01:12:58,579 --> 01:13:00,945 My debate team has nowhere to go. 1304 01:13:03,050 --> 01:13:05,280 Anyone know who Antaeus was? 1305 01:13:05,353 --> 01:13:09,847 Sure. He was a gigantic wrestler in Greek mythology. 1306 01:13:09,925 --> 01:13:14,259 His mother was, uh, Gaea, the goddess of Earth, 1307 01:13:14,329 --> 01:13:16,263 and, uh, I mean, he was unbeatable 1308 01:13:16,331 --> 01:13:18,231 because anytime someone threw him down to the Earth, 1309 01:13:18,300 --> 01:13:19,289 it would make him stronger. 1310 01:13:19,368 --> 01:13:20,562 That's correct. 1311 01:13:20,635 --> 01:13:22,034 It would make him stronger. 1312 01:13:22,104 --> 01:13:25,835 Defeat would make him stronger. 1313 01:13:25,907 --> 01:13:28,000 You are my students. I am your teacher. 1314 01:13:28,110 --> 01:13:30,806 I think that's a sacred trust. 1315 01:13:30,912 --> 01:13:32,937 So what do I say to you now? 1316 01:13:33,048 --> 01:13:35,039 Quit because the Dean says so? 1317 01:13:35,151 --> 01:13:37,051 Because the sheriff says so? 1318 01:13:37,120 --> 01:13:39,145 Because the Texas Rangers say so? 1319 01:13:39,222 --> 01:13:40,519 No. 1320 01:13:40,590 --> 01:13:42,558 I am diametrically opposed to that. 1321 01:13:42,625 --> 01:13:44,991 My message to you is to never quit. 1322 01:13:45,061 --> 01:13:46,722 We are not quitting. 1323 01:13:46,796 --> 01:13:47,820 Good. 1324 01:13:47,897 --> 01:13:49,421 What do you want us to do? 1325 01:13:49,499 --> 01:13:50,488 Debate Harvard. 1326 01:13:50,567 --> 01:13:52,034 - Harvard? - Harvard University. 1327 01:13:52,102 --> 01:13:54,366 They're the reigning national champions. 1328 01:13:54,438 --> 01:13:57,339 If we defeat them, we defeat the best. 1329 01:13:57,408 --> 01:13:59,342 Mr. Tolson, sir, with all due respect, 1330 01:13:59,443 --> 01:14:01,172 um, Harvard ain't going to debate us, 1331 01:14:01,345 --> 01:14:02,812 not little old Wiley College in Marshall, Texas. 1332 01:14:02,880 --> 01:14:04,313 They know who we are, Henry. 1333 01:14:04,381 --> 01:14:06,542 I've been writing them letters, sending them articles. 1334 01:14:06,583 --> 01:14:08,448 But how do we get a letter back? 1335 01:14:08,519 --> 01:14:09,486 By continuing to win. 1336 01:14:09,553 --> 01:14:10,679 Dr. Farmer has informed me 1337 01:14:10,754 --> 01:14:13,917 that Howard University is going to be at Prairie View next week. 1338 01:14:13,991 --> 01:14:15,515 We annihilated Fisk. 1339 01:14:15,593 --> 01:14:18,221 If we eliminate Howard, we will have beaten 1340 01:14:18,296 --> 01:14:20,230 the two best Negro colleges in America, 1341 01:14:20,298 --> 01:14:22,630 and I can guarantee you that I will see to it 1342 01:14:22,700 --> 01:14:24,224 that Harvard does not ignore that. 1343 01:14:24,302 --> 01:14:25,667 All right? 1344 01:14:25,737 --> 01:14:26,726 Yeah. 1345 01:14:26,805 --> 01:14:28,568 # You guys, scoodle um skoo # 1346 01:14:28,840 --> 01:14:31,035 # Oh, baby, let's scoodle um skoo # 1347 01:14:31,109 --> 01:14:32,974 # Come on, Mama, and scoodle um skoo # 1348 01:14:33,044 --> 01:14:35,842 # Scoodle um scoodle um, and scoodle um skoo # 1349 01:14:35,947 --> 01:14:37,380 [Tolson] Just look for it on there. 1350 01:14:37,450 --> 01:14:38,508 You see it on there? 1351 01:14:38,617 --> 01:14:39,879 [Henry] I've been looking the whole time. 1352 01:14:39,952 --> 01:14:41,249 Prairie View, Texas. The 127. 1353 01:14:41,320 --> 01:14:43,447 You show me where to look because it's not on... 1354 01:14:43,523 --> 01:14:44,956 127 near Waxahachie. 1355 01:14:45,025 --> 01:14:46,253 It's not there. 1356 01:14:46,326 --> 01:14:48,351 It's there. You just can't find it. 1357 01:14:48,428 --> 01:14:50,191 I see 2, and I see 7. 1358 01:14:50,263 --> 01:14:53,027 Right. Now look for a 1 in front of it, and you got it. 1359 01:14:53,099 --> 01:14:54,532 [Henry laughs] 1360 01:14:54,602 --> 01:14:55,534 - After 126... - Okay. 1361 01:14:55,603 --> 01:14:58,197 Before 128. 1362 01:14:58,272 --> 01:15:00,103 I really don't think... 1363 01:15:00,174 --> 01:15:01,106 You don't see it. 1364 01:15:01,242 --> 01:15:02,607 When did you get this map? 1365 01:15:44,587 --> 01:15:45,576 What are you doing? 1366 01:15:45,688 --> 01:15:47,246 I'm gonna cut him down. 1367 01:15:48,992 --> 01:15:51,153 Get back in the car. Shut the door. 1368 01:15:52,595 --> 01:15:54,187 Nobody move. 1369 01:15:55,899 --> 01:15:56,923 Just get down. 1370 01:15:57,000 --> 01:15:59,298 Get down, get down. 1371 01:16:02,805 --> 01:16:04,932 Get down, too. You get down, too. 1372 01:16:20,091 --> 01:16:21,888 There's niggers in that car! 1373 01:16:21,960 --> 01:16:23,154 Come on, come on! 1374 01:16:36,709 --> 01:16:37,767 Get out of the car! 1375 01:16:37,843 --> 01:16:39,037 Get out of that car! 1376 01:16:39,111 --> 01:16:40,442 Stop that car right now! 1377 01:16:40,513 --> 01:16:42,504 [Lynch mob shouting] 1378 01:17:11,244 --> 01:17:13,269 All right. Everybody sit tight, 1379 01:17:13,347 --> 01:17:16,441 and, uh... 1380 01:17:16,516 --> 01:17:17,983 I'll get the keys. 1381 01:17:27,929 --> 01:17:29,419 How you doing, Miss Becker? 1382 01:17:29,531 --> 01:17:30,657 I'm fine. You all right? 1383 01:17:30,733 --> 01:17:31,665 Yes, ma'am. 1384 01:17:31,734 --> 01:17:32,860 I got your rooms all ready. 1385 01:17:32,936 --> 01:17:34,028 - Thank you. - [Door closes] 1386 01:17:39,209 --> 01:17:40,574 Henry. 1387 01:17:45,215 --> 01:17:46,705 Henry! 1388 01:17:47,984 --> 01:17:49,349 Henry! 1389 01:18:00,063 --> 01:18:01,758 [Car stops] 1390 01:18:03,066 --> 01:18:04,658 [Laughter] 1391 01:18:05,669 --> 01:18:07,534 [Chatter] 1392 01:18:09,305 --> 01:18:10,897 They ain't going to wake up. 1393 01:18:13,645 --> 01:18:14,669 Come on. 1394 01:18:14,746 --> 01:18:15,678 Ha! 1395 01:18:15,747 --> 01:18:17,214 [Woman laughing] 1396 01:18:25,590 --> 01:18:27,251 [Laughing] 1397 01:18:37,169 --> 01:18:38,295 See you. 1398 01:18:39,337 --> 01:18:41,464 All right. Be good, all right? 1399 01:18:50,615 --> 01:18:52,048 Hey, baby. How you doing? 1400 01:18:53,953 --> 01:18:56,979 Why are you still up? You waiting on me? 1401 01:19:00,728 --> 01:19:03,128 What's the matter, baby? Come on! 1402 01:19:03,263 --> 01:19:04,457 Hey! 1403 01:19:05,734 --> 01:19:06,826 Samantha! 1404 01:19:09,003 --> 01:19:10,402 Shut up. Let's go. 1405 01:19:10,472 --> 01:19:11,404 Hey, preacher boy. 1406 01:19:11,473 --> 01:19:13,134 Shut up. Let's go. 1407 01:19:13,208 --> 01:19:14,140 Come on. 1408 01:19:14,209 --> 01:19:15,141 Where are we going? 1409 01:19:15,210 --> 01:19:16,438 Back to our room. 1410 01:19:20,014 --> 01:19:21,572 Got him, Mr. Tolson. 1411 01:19:29,657 --> 01:19:32,057 # They come from Shevelstown # 1412 01:19:32,128 --> 01:19:33,152 Shh! 1413 01:19:33,229 --> 01:19:34,992 # Devil knocked my daddy down # 1414 01:19:35,097 --> 01:19:36,223 - # Run, nigger, run # - Shh! 1415 01:19:36,332 --> 01:19:37,424 # Master's gonna get you # 1416 01:19:37,533 --> 01:19:38,465 - # Run... # - Shh! 1417 01:19:38,534 --> 01:19:41,002 Okay. Just sit... sit... 1418 01:19:41,103 --> 01:19:43,697 Not in that bed, though. Get up. 1419 01:19:45,407 --> 01:19:46,635 Come here. 1420 01:19:46,709 --> 01:19:48,370 Give me a hug. 1421 01:19:50,146 --> 01:19:51,078 Stop! 1422 01:19:51,147 --> 01:19:52,546 [Laughs] 1423 01:19:52,615 --> 01:19:56,608 # Look down yonder, what do I see? # 1424 01:19:56,685 --> 01:19:59,153 # Great big nigger hangin' from a tree # 1425 01:19:59,222 --> 01:20:01,247 # Run, nigger, run # 1426 01:20:01,391 --> 01:20:02,619 You're worthless. 1427 01:20:02,692 --> 01:20:04,319 What? 1428 01:20:04,394 --> 01:20:07,124 You think you're the only one hurting? 1429 01:20:08,298 --> 01:20:11,233 Um... 1430 01:20:11,302 --> 01:20:12,360 [sigh] 1431 01:20:12,470 --> 01:20:16,429 Okay, I'm sorry... for everything. 1432 01:20:16,541 --> 01:20:21,274 For, uh, for drinkin', yeah, 1433 01:20:21,345 --> 01:20:23,540 I apologize. 1434 01:20:23,615 --> 01:20:26,083 I'm not talking about me. 1435 01:20:42,201 --> 01:20:44,101 You're right. 1436 01:20:44,169 --> 01:20:46,296 I'm gonna go talk to her. 1437 01:20:47,472 --> 01:20:48,996 No, no, you won't, Lowe. 1438 01:20:49,107 --> 01:20:51,041 She doesn't need to see you like this, okay? 1439 01:20:51,111 --> 01:20:52,544 I'm just going to talk to her. 1440 01:20:52,613 --> 01:20:53,875 Leave me alone. 1441 01:20:53,948 --> 01:20:54,937 Lowe! 1442 01:21:01,255 --> 01:21:02,722 Calm down, boy! 1443 01:21:02,790 --> 01:21:04,314 Stop! Stop! 1444 01:21:04,391 --> 01:21:05,449 I'm not playing with you. 1445 01:21:05,526 --> 01:21:08,086 Calm... Calm down! 1446 01:21:08,128 --> 01:21:09,755 You crazy? 1447 01:21:13,868 --> 01:21:15,893 You're never gonna forget what you saw out there, do you understand? 1448 01:21:16,003 --> 01:21:17,698 You're never gonna forget what you saw out there. 1449 01:21:17,805 --> 01:21:19,739 Hanging's the easiest part of it sometimes. 1450 01:21:19,807 --> 01:21:21,536 Sometimes they cut the little fingers off, 1451 01:21:21,609 --> 01:21:23,099 your toes, your nose, your ears. 1452 01:21:23,210 --> 01:21:25,041 Sometimes they cut your privates off. 1453 01:21:25,112 --> 01:21:27,478 Sometimes they skin you alive. 1454 01:21:30,986 --> 01:21:33,318 You'll never be able to forget. 1455 01:21:41,663 --> 01:21:43,290 [Clatter] 1456 01:21:48,271 --> 01:21:49,465 What do you think he did? 1457 01:21:49,573 --> 01:21:51,666 He didn't have to do nothing, James! 1458 01:21:51,775 --> 01:21:53,106 He didn't have to do nothing! 1459 01:21:53,176 --> 01:21:55,644 In Texas they lynch Negroes! 1460 01:21:55,746 --> 01:21:57,976 Do you understand? 1461 01:21:58,048 --> 01:22:00,380 So it doesn't matter how good we are, does it? 1462 01:22:00,450 --> 01:22:02,315 What are you talk... What? 1463 01:22:02,452 --> 01:22:04,443 This is all useless. 1464 01:22:04,521 --> 01:22:06,455 What are you talking about? 1465 01:22:06,490 --> 01:22:09,220 I mean we're just a bunch of Negroes 1466 01:22:09,260 --> 01:22:11,285 debating each other on subjects we all agree on. 1467 01:22:11,362 --> 01:22:14,263 Now, James, don't talk like that, all right? 1468 01:22:14,332 --> 01:22:16,129 - Why not? - Because you can't! 1469 01:22:17,402 --> 01:22:19,461 Not you. 1470 01:22:39,625 --> 01:22:41,024 [Liquid gurgles] 1471 01:23:03,917 --> 01:23:06,511 Bye! God bless you! 1472 01:23:10,256 --> 01:23:11,587 Where's Samantha? 1473 01:23:11,658 --> 01:23:13,148 She's not going with us. 1474 01:23:13,226 --> 01:23:14,193 Why not? 1475 01:23:14,260 --> 01:23:16,728 Why do you think? 1476 01:23:16,797 --> 01:23:18,856 I took her to the bus station. 1477 01:23:18,933 --> 01:23:20,798 She wanted to go back to school. 1478 01:23:22,536 --> 01:23:24,470 You wanted your chance. 1479 01:23:25,940 --> 01:23:27,373 This is it. 1480 01:23:29,779 --> 01:23:32,304 [Applause] 1481 01:23:32,415 --> 01:23:34,815 [Student] But how can any Negro 1482 01:23:34,884 --> 01:23:37,614 defend the punishment of prison 1483 01:23:37,687 --> 01:23:41,487 when he's seen so much oppression in his own life? 1484 01:23:41,557 --> 01:23:42,990 [Man] Yeah! 1485 01:23:43,059 --> 01:23:44,754 How? 1486 01:23:44,827 --> 01:23:49,264 Because crime itself is a form of oppression, 1487 01:23:49,332 --> 01:23:53,166 and Negroes fall victim to more violent crime 1488 01:23:53,236 --> 01:23:56,262 than any other race in America. 1489 01:23:56,339 --> 01:23:59,001 [Applause] 1490 01:23:59,075 --> 01:24:00,542 For us, 1491 01:24:00,643 --> 01:24:05,012 prison not only offers protection, but retribution. 1492 01:24:05,181 --> 01:24:06,205 [Audience member] Yes, indeed! 1493 01:24:06,249 --> 01:24:11,186 And for the criminal, it is a dark gift: 1494 01:24:11,255 --> 01:24:15,385 The hardship that introduces a man to himself, 1495 01:24:15,459 --> 01:24:18,724 that rouses his passion for freedom... 1496 01:24:18,796 --> 01:24:19,785 [audience member] Yes, sir! 1497 01:24:19,863 --> 01:24:21,421 ...his hope for redemption! 1498 01:24:21,498 --> 01:24:22,430 Oh, yeah! 1499 01:24:22,500 --> 01:24:23,762 [Ioud applause] 1500 01:24:29,541 --> 01:24:32,442 [Moderator] Our next debater from Wiley College, 1501 01:24:32,510 --> 01:24:35,035 Mr. James Farmer, Junior. 1502 01:24:35,146 --> 01:24:37,114 Mr. Farmer? 1503 01:25:40,549 --> 01:25:41,709 Mom? 1504 01:25:47,623 --> 01:25:48,590 Mom! 1505 01:26:20,725 --> 01:26:22,056 Honey. 1506 01:26:22,127 --> 01:26:23,219 Hey. 1507 01:26:23,295 --> 01:26:24,489 Hi. 1508 01:26:24,563 --> 01:26:25,928 Oh! 1509 01:26:25,997 --> 01:26:27,487 Mmm! 1510 01:26:27,566 --> 01:26:29,500 So? 1511 01:26:31,469 --> 01:26:32,493 We lost. 1512 01:26:32,571 --> 01:26:35,267 Oh. I'm sorry. 1513 01:26:35,340 --> 01:26:38,571 Uh, this came. 1514 01:26:40,478 --> 01:26:41,604 Harvard. 1515 01:26:42,647 --> 01:26:43,944 Wonder what it says. 1516 01:26:44,015 --> 01:26:45,880 Go on and open it and read it. 1517 01:26:45,951 --> 01:26:48,078 - Looks like somebody opened it already. - Not me. 1518 01:26:49,288 --> 01:26:50,812 You didn't open it already? 1519 01:26:50,923 --> 01:26:52,754 No. 1520 01:26:52,825 --> 01:26:55,089 You are not a good liar. 1521 01:26:59,800 --> 01:27:01,290 Out loud. 1522 01:27:04,605 --> 01:27:06,004 "Dear Mr. Tolson, 1523 01:27:06,073 --> 01:27:07,404 "thank you for informing us 1524 01:27:07,441 --> 01:27:10,467 "about your historic victory over Oklahoma City. 1525 01:27:10,510 --> 01:27:12,944 "I'm sure you realize our season is nearly over, 1526 01:27:13,013 --> 01:27:15,208 "but today we received another letter from Wiley College 1527 01:27:15,282 --> 01:27:16,442 written by Mr. Henry Lowe"? 1528 01:27:16,516 --> 01:27:17,540 Mm-hmm. 1529 01:27:17,618 --> 01:27:18,744 With an "e"? 1530 01:27:18,819 --> 01:27:20,582 "He told us from a student's perspective 1531 01:27:20,687 --> 01:27:23,918 about your"...ahem... "about your undefeated season." 1532 01:27:24,024 --> 01:27:25,389 Well, we're not undefeated anymore. 1533 01:27:25,459 --> 01:27:26,687 Don't matter. 1534 01:27:26,794 --> 01:27:29,262 "We wish to extend an invitation to..." 1535 01:27:40,609 --> 01:27:42,372 "We wish to extend an invitation 1536 01:27:42,444 --> 01:27:47,211 "to debate Harvard Crimson here in Cambridge. 1537 01:27:47,283 --> 01:27:50,878 Let us know if this is agreeable to you." 1538 01:27:59,996 --> 01:28:00,928 Honey... 1539 01:28:00,997 --> 01:28:01,895 Don't you tell anybody. 1540 01:28:02,032 --> 01:28:03,124 No. 1541 01:28:14,312 --> 01:28:15,904 [Henry] No, you don't have to thank me. 1542 01:28:15,980 --> 01:28:18,107 I just wanted to show you I could write, too. 1543 01:28:18,182 --> 01:28:19,843 That's good. Thank you. 1544 01:28:21,719 --> 01:28:23,243 But you could do me a favor. 1545 01:28:23,321 --> 01:28:24,481 What's that? 1546 01:28:28,359 --> 01:28:30,122 Keep Samantha on the team. 1547 01:28:33,297 --> 01:28:34,628 Why would I do that? 1548 01:28:34,699 --> 01:28:37,793 Mr. Tolson, it was a rough night. 1549 01:28:37,868 --> 01:28:41,235 Yes, it was, Mr. Lowe, for all of us. 1550 01:28:41,305 --> 01:28:43,432 And she walked out on us at the last minute. 1551 01:28:43,507 --> 01:28:46,806 No, sir. She did not walk out on us. 1552 01:28:47,980 --> 01:28:49,174 She walked out on me. 1553 01:28:57,790 --> 01:28:59,985 It's good tea. 1554 01:29:00,093 --> 01:29:02,926 Resolved: Capitalism is immoral. 1555 01:29:03,063 --> 01:29:06,032 We will be arguing the affirmative. 1556 01:29:06,100 --> 01:29:08,000 [Henry] To a bunch of Wall Street bankers. 1557 01:29:08,035 --> 01:29:09,229 [Knock on door] 1558 01:29:10,704 --> 01:29:13,138 Mr. Tolson, I owe you and my teammates... 1559 01:29:13,207 --> 01:29:16,301 You're late. Come in. Sit down. 1560 01:29:25,787 --> 01:29:27,379 Samantha, I am not... 1561 01:29:37,400 --> 01:29:38,660 Resolved. 1562 01:29:41,226 --> 01:29:44,687 ## ["Wiley College Fight Song"] 1563 01:29:48,200 --> 01:29:51,220 Okay, you got macaroni and cheese, fried chicken, 1564 01:29:51,296 --> 01:29:52,710 black-eyed peas for good luck, 1565 01:29:52,778 --> 01:29:55,406 red beans and rice, corn bread, candied yams. 1566 01:29:55,479 --> 01:29:57,286 I put some peach cobbler in there, too, 1567 01:29:57,357 --> 01:29:58,435 and some bread pudding. 1568 01:29:58,509 --> 01:30:01,665 I know you don't like bread pudding, but I put it in there anyway. 1569 01:30:01,804 --> 01:30:02,949 Thank you, Mom. 1570 01:30:03,023 --> 01:30:03,943 Okay. 1571 01:30:04,012 --> 01:30:05,326 Good luck, son. 1572 01:30:07,273 --> 01:30:08,687 Dad? 1573 01:30:08,755 --> 01:30:10,529 Yes, Jim. 1574 01:30:13,598 --> 01:30:16,158 You give Boston my regards. 1575 01:30:16,233 --> 01:30:17,311 You hear? 1576 01:30:17,386 --> 01:30:18,924 Yes, sir. 1577 01:30:19,000 --> 01:30:20,145 [Henry] James! 1578 01:30:20,219 --> 01:30:21,790 Come on! Train's leaving. 1579 01:30:21,866 --> 01:30:23,437 Coming! 1580 01:30:30,696 --> 01:30:32,010 - Bye, Mom. - Bye-bye. 1581 01:30:32,079 --> 01:30:33,055 I love you. 1582 01:30:33,133 --> 01:30:34,143 Bye, sis. 1583 01:30:35,736 --> 01:30:36,948 Love you! 1584 01:30:37,020 --> 01:30:38,064 Love you, too. 1585 01:30:38,140 --> 01:30:39,746 [Bell rings] 1586 01:30:41,863 --> 01:30:45,479 [Conductor] All aboard leaving for Texarkana, Little Rock, 1587 01:30:45,585 --> 01:30:49,302 St. Louis, and all points north! 1588 01:30:49,375 --> 01:30:52,391 All aboard! 1589 01:30:52,500 --> 01:30:54,091 I'm not going with you. 1590 01:30:54,168 --> 01:30:55,794 What? 1591 01:30:55,868 --> 01:30:57,198 I cannot leave this state. 1592 01:30:57,269 --> 01:30:58,860 It's a condition of my bail. 1593 01:30:58,936 --> 01:31:00,232 You can't let them stop you. 1594 01:31:00,304 --> 01:31:01,964 They're not stopping me. 1595 01:31:02,105 --> 01:31:05,698 I just don't want to jeopardize your opportunity. 1596 01:31:05,773 --> 01:31:07,103 You can win without me. 1597 01:31:07,140 --> 01:31:08,970 This is what you wanted to do all along, isn't it? 1598 01:31:09,008 --> 01:31:10,440 He's right. 1599 01:31:10,509 --> 01:31:12,566 Why didn't you tell us this before? 1600 01:31:12,644 --> 01:31:14,270 Because I didn't want to hear your arguments. 1601 01:31:14,378 --> 01:31:16,277 I knew they'd be too good. 1602 01:31:16,346 --> 01:31:19,108 [Train whistle blows] 1603 01:31:22,549 --> 01:31:24,913 All right, Mr. Lowe, you're in charge. 1604 01:31:24,984 --> 01:31:28,440 Whatever your instincts tell you, you listen. 1605 01:31:28,519 --> 01:31:29,450 Yes, sir. 1606 01:31:29,519 --> 01:31:30,507 Let's go. 1607 01:31:32,021 --> 01:31:33,112 Let's go. 1608 01:31:34,923 --> 01:31:36,617 What are we supposed to do without you? 1609 01:31:36,690 --> 01:31:38,849 Win. 1610 01:31:48,363 --> 01:31:51,023 [Train whistle blows] 1611 01:33:06,205 --> 01:33:08,728 [Man over P.A.] Chicago Express, with service to Hartford, 1612 01:33:08,774 --> 01:33:11,036 New York, and Philadelphia, 1613 01:33:11,075 --> 01:33:14,042 now boarding, Track 29. 1614 01:33:19,746 --> 01:33:21,474 I thought somebody was supposed to meet us. 1615 01:33:27,952 --> 01:33:29,145 Wiley College? 1616 01:33:29,253 --> 01:33:30,184 - Yes. - Yes. 1617 01:33:30,253 --> 01:33:31,276 I'm Harland Osbourne. 1618 01:33:31,387 --> 01:33:33,853 Harvard has put me in charge of you for the time that you'll be here in Boston. 1619 01:33:33,922 --> 01:33:36,184 - How you doing? I'm Henry Lowe. - Mr. Lowe. 1620 01:33:36,256 --> 01:33:37,586 - James Farmer, Jr. - Mr. Farmer. 1621 01:33:37,657 --> 01:33:39,180 - Samantha Booke. - Of course. Miss Booke. 1622 01:33:39,258 --> 01:33:41,986 We should be going. My car's out front. 1623 01:33:42,059 --> 01:33:42,990 I've got it. 1624 01:33:43,059 --> 01:33:43,990 Oh, thank you. 1625 01:33:44,060 --> 01:33:45,253 Just so you know, 1626 01:33:45,327 --> 01:33:47,021 you'll be staying on campus in Douglas Hall. 1627 01:33:47,095 --> 01:33:48,288 I've got to tell you, 1628 01:33:48,363 --> 01:33:50,057 this debate is stirring up a lot of excitement. 1629 01:33:50,130 --> 01:33:51,289 - Really? - Oh, yeah. 1630 01:33:51,364 --> 01:33:53,830 It's gonna be broadcast all over America. 1631 01:33:53,899 --> 01:33:56,525 Can we see where we're going to debate? 1632 01:33:56,600 --> 01:33:57,627 Of course. 1633 01:34:00,584 --> 01:34:01,781 [Door opens] 1634 01:34:25,526 --> 01:34:28,550 Hello, Harvard! 1635 01:34:29,894 --> 01:34:30,917 [Laughter] 1636 01:34:33,195 --> 01:34:35,821 [Handclaps echoing] 1637 01:34:35,931 --> 01:34:37,830 [Clicking tongues, echoing] 1638 01:34:43,869 --> 01:34:44,960 Excuse me. 1639 01:34:45,036 --> 01:34:47,161 You supposed to be here? 1640 01:34:49,739 --> 01:34:52,570 I guess we'll find out, won't we? 1641 01:35:08,281 --> 01:35:09,406 Ah! 1642 01:35:13,283 --> 01:35:14,340 Well, look. 1643 01:35:14,451 --> 01:35:15,644 "Mr. Farmer." 1644 01:35:20,589 --> 01:35:22,851 $5.00? 1645 01:35:22,922 --> 01:35:24,081 Lowe, I got $5.00. 1646 01:35:24,157 --> 01:35:26,453 Yeah, I did, too. It's called per diem. 1647 01:35:26,524 --> 01:35:27,990 Hoo-hoo! 1648 01:35:28,059 --> 01:35:29,889 You want me to hold it for you? 1649 01:35:29,960 --> 01:35:31,892 No, not my $5.00. 1650 01:35:31,961 --> 01:35:33,655 [Knock on door] 1651 01:35:35,329 --> 01:35:36,522 [Whistling] 1652 01:35:38,563 --> 01:35:42,224 I got $5.00. I got $5.00. 1653 01:35:42,332 --> 01:35:43,298 Me, too. 1654 01:35:43,399 --> 01:35:45,490 Well, mine is crispy. 1655 01:35:47,201 --> 01:35:51,760 James, this is high tea, all right? 1656 01:35:51,836 --> 01:35:55,769 We nibble. We do not devour. 1657 01:35:55,838 --> 01:35:57,702 - [Knock on door] - How do you know? 1658 01:35:57,772 --> 01:35:59,398 I don't. 1659 01:36:01,175 --> 01:36:03,437 Hello. I'm Wilson. 1660 01:36:03,509 --> 01:36:05,839 This is for you. 1661 01:36:05,911 --> 01:36:07,343 Thank you. 1662 01:36:09,946 --> 01:36:12,777 I can't accept that, sir. 1663 01:36:12,847 --> 01:36:14,746 It would be inappropriate. 1664 01:36:20,352 --> 01:36:21,978 It would be inappropriate. 1665 01:36:22,052 --> 01:36:23,450 [Laughing] 1666 01:36:24,754 --> 01:36:25,720 Who's it from? 1667 01:36:25,787 --> 01:36:26,912 It's from Harvard. 1668 01:36:26,989 --> 01:36:28,319 Maybe it's more money. 1669 01:36:28,389 --> 01:36:29,446 Hmm. 1670 01:36:29,522 --> 01:36:32,045 "We have been informed by Tau Kappa Gamma 1671 01:36:32,124 --> 01:36:33,886 "that your team delivers... 1672 01:36:35,158 --> 01:36:37,317 "canned speeches: 1673 01:36:37,393 --> 01:36:41,383 "Arguments written by faculty rather than students. 1674 01:36:41,463 --> 01:36:43,157 "Therefore, we are changing the topic. 1675 01:36:43,230 --> 01:36:45,094 "You will have the same amount of time 1676 01:36:45,164 --> 01:36:47,255 "to write new arguments as the Harvard team: 1677 01:36:47,366 --> 01:36:48,923 48 hours." 1678 01:36:50,368 --> 01:36:52,698 Coaches help students all the time. 1679 01:36:52,768 --> 01:36:53,859 [James] Yes, sir. 1680 01:36:53,969 --> 01:36:56,162 [Henry] "Both teams will be delivered 1681 01:36:56,236 --> 01:36:57,327 the same reference books." 1682 01:36:57,404 --> 01:36:58,370 Yes, sir. 1683 01:36:58,437 --> 01:36:59,562 "Our new topic: Resolved: 1684 01:36:59,639 --> 01:37:02,367 "Civil disobedience is a moral weapon in the fight for justice." 1685 01:37:02,506 --> 01:37:05,098 Wiley College will be arguing the affirmative." 1686 01:37:05,174 --> 01:37:06,333 Thank you, sir. 1687 01:37:09,776 --> 01:37:12,470 I can't reach Mr. Tolson. Nobody knows where he is. 1688 01:37:12,544 --> 01:37:15,067 They're setting us up to lose. 1689 01:37:15,146 --> 01:37:16,976 We can't win without him. 1690 01:37:17,047 --> 01:37:19,707 You're wrong. We can't win without him. 1691 01:37:23,851 --> 01:37:25,340 Thoreau? 1692 01:37:25,451 --> 01:37:27,747 [Henry, reading] "...less desponding free spirits, 1693 01:37:27,819 --> 01:37:29,046 is in her prisons..." 1694 01:37:29,120 --> 01:37:32,187 "Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, 1695 01:37:32,188 --> 01:37:33,620 the true place for a just man..." 1696 01:37:33,689 --> 01:37:35,178 Here's your coffee, sir. 1697 01:37:35,256 --> 01:37:36,882 Thank you, Mr. Wilson. 1698 01:37:36,957 --> 01:37:38,355 Just Wilson. 1699 01:37:38,424 --> 01:37:39,549 Thank you, Wilson. 1700 01:37:39,625 --> 01:37:40,716 "...has provided for her freer 1701 01:37:40,792 --> 01:37:41,815 "and less desponding spirits..." 1702 01:37:43,361 --> 01:37:45,293 But you have to use the Massacre at Amritsar. 1703 01:37:45,362 --> 01:37:46,828 Agreed, James, 1704 01:37:46,896 --> 01:37:48,658 but we'll save it for the rebuttal. 1705 01:37:48,730 --> 01:37:50,629 We're going to save the best for last 1706 01:37:50,698 --> 01:37:52,597 because you have to leave the audience... 1707 01:37:52,666 --> 01:37:56,065 I think we should get into Gandhi's concept of Satyagraha. 1708 01:37:56,167 --> 01:37:57,463 I don't agree. 1709 01:37:57,567 --> 01:37:59,090 I don't think people are gonna understand what... 1710 01:37:59,202 --> 01:38:00,862 what... Sadagara? 1711 01:38:01,003 --> 01:38:02,867 Sactchmaget? Sactchma... 1712 01:38:02,937 --> 01:38:03,903 Satyagraha. 1713 01:38:03,972 --> 01:38:05,438 From the Sanskrit. 1714 01:38:05,539 --> 01:38:08,904 Meaning truth and fairness. 1715 01:38:16,577 --> 01:38:18,009 I told you. 1716 01:38:18,079 --> 01:38:19,204 It's... It's obvious to me 1717 01:38:19,279 --> 01:38:20,939 that we should begin the debate with Gandhi. 1718 01:38:21,013 --> 01:38:22,479 That's exactly why I won't do it. 1719 01:38:22,547 --> 01:38:23,979 Why should I do the obvious thing? 1720 01:38:24,048 --> 01:38:25,173 Because that's what wins debates! 1721 01:38:25,249 --> 01:38:27,113 Listen to what you're saying. This is Harvard, okay? 1722 01:38:27,183 --> 01:38:29,411 The first thing you think when you think civil disobedience is what? 1723 01:38:29,518 --> 01:38:30,779 That's why we should use Gandhi! 1724 01:38:30,885 --> 01:38:32,112 But Gandhi is a strong point! 1725 01:38:32,218 --> 01:38:34,117 I want to win! Do you want to win? 1726 01:38:34,186 --> 01:38:36,243 Yes, I want to win, but he's right! 1727 01:38:36,354 --> 01:38:37,513 This is not getting us anywhere! 1728 01:38:37,587 --> 01:38:38,883 Tolson told me I was in charge! 1729 01:38:38,956 --> 01:38:40,217 He didn't put you in charge! 1730 01:38:40,290 --> 01:38:42,052 You're "in charge" does not mean... 1731 01:38:42,124 --> 01:38:43,249 So I can make decisions. 1732 01:38:43,324 --> 01:38:44,620 We're not starting with Gandhi! 1733 01:38:44,693 --> 01:38:45,818 Yes, we are! 1734 01:38:45,893 --> 01:38:47,825 Do you hear yourself? You sound like a kid! 1735 01:38:47,894 --> 01:38:49,520 Well, you are a kid! 1736 01:38:49,594 --> 01:38:51,060 Fellas, come on! 1737 01:38:51,128 --> 01:38:52,754 - I'm an idiot? - Yes! 1738 01:38:52,829 --> 01:38:54,295 To hell with you! To hell with you! 1739 01:38:54,363 --> 01:38:55,488 To hell with this debate! 1740 01:38:55,564 --> 01:38:57,428 To hell with me? To hell with me? 1741 01:38:57,498 --> 01:38:59,158 Just because I disagree with you? 1742 01:38:59,232 --> 01:39:00,391 If you're gonna walk out, fine! 1743 01:39:00,466 --> 01:39:02,625 We're not chasing you! 1744 01:39:02,801 --> 01:39:07,098 We are so tired of chasing you! 1745 01:39:12,673 --> 01:39:13,866 He's coming back, isn't he? 1746 01:39:13,940 --> 01:39:15,531 See if I care! 1747 01:39:46,123 --> 01:39:47,885 [Distant train whistle blows] 1748 01:40:03,632 --> 01:40:05,360 [Horn honks] 1749 01:40:20,640 --> 01:40:22,004 How you doing, man? 1750 01:40:26,977 --> 01:40:29,307 ## [Honky tonk piano] 1751 01:41:22,273 --> 01:41:24,137 You're beautiful when you're asleep. 1752 01:41:36,579 --> 01:41:38,045 Henry, l... 1753 01:41:38,114 --> 01:41:40,342 Yeah, I know, I know. 1754 01:41:40,414 --> 01:41:43,870 But you can't stop me from looking at you. 1755 01:41:43,950 --> 01:41:47,596 Can everybody shut up and go to bed? 1756 01:41:47,670 --> 01:41:50,434 James, come on, wake up. 1757 01:41:50,540 --> 01:41:51,768 No. 1758 01:41:51,875 --> 01:41:52,842 James. 1759 01:41:57,615 --> 01:41:59,515 Come on, James, get up. 1760 01:42:05,724 --> 01:42:07,123 What? 1761 01:42:12,330 --> 01:42:14,321 What is this? 1762 01:42:14,399 --> 01:42:16,867 That's my notes. 1763 01:42:18,603 --> 01:42:20,662 What are you giving them to me for? 1764 01:42:20,739 --> 01:42:22,502 Because you're debating, not me. 1765 01:42:22,607 --> 01:42:25,098 What? 1766 01:42:25,210 --> 01:42:27,144 It's your turn, James. 1767 01:42:27,212 --> 01:42:28,577 You serious? 1768 01:42:30,015 --> 01:42:30,374 You're crazy. 1769 01:42:30,400 --> 01:42:32,622 At 14, you're just as good as me. 1770 01:42:32,700 --> 01:42:34,697 The judges will love you. 1771 01:42:34,800 --> 01:42:35,994 No. No. You can't quit. 1772 01:42:36,069 --> 01:42:38,094 I'm not quitting, Samantha. 1773 01:42:39,939 --> 01:42:43,705 Tolson made me captain, and he said you were ready. 1774 01:42:43,776 --> 01:42:45,641 Yeah, but you saw me at Howard. 1775 01:42:45,711 --> 01:42:46,905 I was horrible. 1776 01:42:46,979 --> 01:42:48,503 That's right. You did terrible, didn't you? 1777 01:42:48,581 --> 01:42:49,878 Stunk up the whole joint, right? 1778 01:42:49,949 --> 01:42:51,678 So you should just quit, right? 1779 01:42:51,751 --> 01:42:53,184 You should just give up. 1780 01:42:56,856 --> 01:42:57,845 No. 1781 01:43:03,629 --> 01:43:05,563 Who's the judge? 1782 01:43:06,799 --> 01:43:08,198 What? 1783 01:43:08,234 --> 01:43:10,361 Who's the judge? 1784 01:43:12,672 --> 01:43:14,833 The judge is God. 1785 01:43:16,110 --> 01:43:17,839 And why is he God? 1786 01:43:19,546 --> 01:43:24,381 Because he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent. 1787 01:43:24,451 --> 01:43:27,386 And who is your opponent? 1788 01:43:27,454 --> 01:43:29,979 He doesn't exist. 1789 01:43:30,091 --> 01:43:32,855 Why doesn't he exist? 1790 01:43:32,961 --> 01:43:35,452 [Both] Because he is a mere a dissenting voice 1791 01:43:35,563 --> 01:43:37,622 to the truth that I speak. 1792 01:43:40,368 --> 01:43:41,596 That's right. 1793 01:43:41,670 --> 01:43:43,515 Speak the truth. 1794 01:43:44,856 --> 01:43:47,229 Direct from Harvard Memorial Hall 1795 01:43:47,300 --> 01:43:49,166 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1796 01:43:49,236 --> 01:43:53,004 this is WNBC Radio, bringing to you live 1797 01:43:53,076 --> 01:43:54,738 tonight's history-making debate 1798 01:43:54,813 --> 01:43:58,342 between little Wiley College from Marshall, Texas, 1799 01:43:58,419 --> 01:44:00,820 and the Harvard University Debate team, 1800 01:44:00,956 --> 01:44:02,150 the first time ever 1801 01:44:02,258 --> 01:44:04,591 a Negro college has faced the national champions. 1802 01:44:04,662 --> 01:44:05,720 Harvard's Dean of Students 1803 01:44:05,831 --> 01:44:07,697 is making his way to the podium now. 1804 01:44:07,734 --> 01:44:10,135 The crowd, as if on cue, falls silent. 1805 01:44:11,474 --> 01:44:13,409 [Dean] On this historic occasion, 1806 01:44:13,477 --> 01:44:16,413 we welcome the distinguished team from Wiley College, 1807 01:44:16,482 --> 01:44:19,577 our illustrious judges, you the audience, 1808 01:44:19,653 --> 01:44:23,147 and through the wonder of radio, the nation. 1809 01:44:23,226 --> 01:44:27,494 Harvard University celebrates its 300th anniversary this year, 1810 01:44:27,566 --> 01:44:32,198 and, in Franklin Delano Roosevelt, its fifth President of the United States. 1811 01:44:32,274 --> 01:44:36,212 But no university, no matter how grand or august in its history, 1812 01:44:36,314 --> 01:44:38,840 can afford to live in the past. 1813 01:44:38,952 --> 01:44:42,720 So, in the spirit of tomorrow, 1814 01:44:42,793 --> 01:44:45,729 I introduce to you today: 1815 01:44:46,965 --> 01:44:48,934 The debaters from Wiley College: 1816 01:44:49,002 --> 01:44:50,367 Miss Samantha Booke, 1817 01:44:50,437 --> 01:44:52,429 Mr. James Farmer, Junior. 1818 01:44:52,508 --> 01:44:53,770 [Applause] 1819 01:44:53,844 --> 01:44:55,368 What? 1820 01:45:04,195 --> 01:45:07,598 Mr. Farmer will argue the first affirmative. 1821 01:45:26,832 --> 01:45:29,097 Resolved: 1822 01:45:29,170 --> 01:45:32,630 Civil disobedience is a moral weapon 1823 01:45:32,709 --> 01:45:35,645 in the fight for justice. 1824 01:45:35,714 --> 01:45:38,843 But how can disobedience ever be moral? 1825 01:45:38,919 --> 01:45:40,284 Well, I guess that depends 1826 01:45:40,355 --> 01:45:43,189 on one's definition of the words. 1827 01:45:43,293 --> 01:45:44,282 Word. 1828 01:45:46,298 --> 01:45:49,166 In 1919, in India, 1829 01:45:49,236 --> 01:45:53,902 10,000 people gathered in Amritsar to protest the tyranny of British rule. 1830 01:45:53,978 --> 01:45:55,036 Has it started? 1831 01:45:55,113 --> 01:45:56,171 - Shh! - Your brother's talking. 1832 01:45:56,248 --> 01:45:57,476 Just sit down. 1833 01:45:57,550 --> 01:46:00,714 General Reginald Dyer trapped them in a courtyard 1834 01:46:00,856 --> 01:46:05,819 and ordered his troops to fire into the crowd for ten minutes. 1835 01:46:05,897 --> 01:46:07,923 379 died... 1836 01:46:07,967 --> 01:46:13,101 men, women, children... 1837 01:46:13,143 --> 01:46:14,873 Shot down in cold blood. 1838 01:46:14,979 --> 01:46:19,418 Dyer said he had taught them a moral lesson. 1839 01:46:19,520 --> 01:46:23,322 Gandhi and his followers responded not with violence 1840 01:46:23,393 --> 01:46:27,695 but with an organized campaign of non-cooperation. 1841 01:46:27,767 --> 01:46:30,430 Government buildings were occupied. 1842 01:46:30,505 --> 01:46:33,134 Streets were blocked with people who refused to rise, 1843 01:46:33,210 --> 01:46:36,112 even when beaten by police. 1844 01:46:36,182 --> 01:46:38,583 Gandhi was arrested, 1845 01:46:38,653 --> 01:46:41,954 but the British were soon forced to release him. 1846 01:46:42,025 --> 01:46:46,157 He called it a moral victory. 1847 01:46:46,232 --> 01:46:48,565 The definition of moral: 1848 01:46:48,669 --> 01:46:53,074 Dyer's lesson or Gandhi's victory? 1849 01:46:53,143 --> 01:46:54,610 You choose. 1850 01:46:57,182 --> 01:46:58,946 [Applause] 1851 01:47:12,374 --> 01:47:15,573 From 1914 to 1918, 1852 01:47:15,647 --> 01:47:20,849 for every single minute the world was at war, 1853 01:47:20,922 --> 01:47:24,917 four men laid down their lives. 1854 01:47:25,029 --> 01:47:27,464 Just think of it. 1855 01:47:27,534 --> 01:47:32,770 240 brave young men were hurled into eternity 1856 01:47:32,842 --> 01:47:36,245 every hour of every day, of every night, 1857 01:47:36,314 --> 01:47:39,011 for four long years. 1858 01:47:40,988 --> 01:47:44,426 35,000 hours. 1859 01:47:44,494 --> 01:47:50,903 8,281,000 casualties. 1860 01:47:52,844 --> 01:47:54,676 240. 1861 01:47:55,881 --> 01:47:58,009 240. 1862 01:47:58,119 --> 01:48:02,558 240. 1863 01:48:02,726 --> 01:48:04,159 Here was a slaughter 1864 01:48:04,229 --> 01:48:08,463 immeasurably greater than what happened at Amritsar. 1865 01:48:08,502 --> 01:48:11,996 Can there be anything moral about it? 1866 01:48:13,377 --> 01:48:14,776 Nothing... 1867 01:48:14,845 --> 01:48:16,677 except that it stopped Germany 1868 01:48:16,749 --> 01:48:18,650 from enslaving all of Europe. 1869 01:48:18,719 --> 01:48:23,591 Civil disobedience isn't moral because it's non-violent. 1870 01:48:23,660 --> 01:48:26,630 Fighting for your country with violence 1871 01:48:26,698 --> 01:48:29,167 can be deeply moral, 1872 01:48:29,270 --> 01:48:34,438 demanding the greatest sacrifice of all: 1873 01:48:34,546 --> 01:48:36,845 Life itself. 1874 01:48:36,916 --> 01:48:40,354 Non-violence is the mask civil disobedience wears 1875 01:48:40,455 --> 01:48:43,984 to conceal its true face... 1876 01:48:44,061 --> 01:48:46,553 anarchy. 1877 01:48:58,017 --> 01:49:00,782 Gandhi believes one must always act 1878 01:49:00,956 --> 01:49:03,755 with love and respect for one's opponents, 1879 01:49:03,859 --> 01:49:06,385 even if they are Harvard debaters. 1880 01:49:06,497 --> 01:49:07,964 [Laughter] 1881 01:49:08,000 --> 01:49:11,938 Gandhi also believes that lawbreakers must accept 1882 01:49:12,008 --> 01:49:15,275 the legal consequences for their actions. 1883 01:49:15,348 --> 01:49:17,476 Does that sound like anarchy? 1884 01:49:17,551 --> 01:49:22,821 Civil disobedience is not something for us to fear. 1885 01:49:22,892 --> 01:49:25,919 It is, after all, an American concept. 1886 01:49:25,998 --> 01:49:28,331 You see, Gandhi draws his inspiration 1887 01:49:28,402 --> 01:49:30,200 not from a Hindu scripture, 1888 01:49:30,272 --> 01:49:32,264 but from Henry David Thoreau, 1889 01:49:32,341 --> 01:49:34,867 who I believe graduated from Harvard 1890 01:49:34,979 --> 01:49:45,229 and lived by a pond not too far from here. 1891 01:49:45,230 --> 01:49:48,429 My opponent is right about one thing. 1892 01:49:48,502 --> 01:49:51,028 Thoreau was a Harvard grad, 1893 01:49:51,105 --> 01:49:55,840 and, like many of us, a bit self-righteous. 1894 01:49:55,914 --> 01:49:58,281 [Laughter] 1895 01:49:58,352 --> 01:50:03,554 He once said, "Any man more right than his neighbors 1896 01:50:03,593 --> 01:50:07,326 constitutes a majority of one." 1897 01:50:07,367 --> 01:50:11,100 Thoreau the idealist could never know 1898 01:50:11,206 --> 01:50:15,235 that Adolf Hitler would agree with his words. 1899 01:50:15,347 --> 01:50:20,481 The beauty and the burden of democracy is this: 1900 01:50:20,555 --> 01:50:25,928 No idea prevails without the support of the majority. 1901 01:50:25,996 --> 01:50:28,830 The people decide the moral issues of the day, 1902 01:50:28,901 --> 01:50:31,268 not a majority of one. 1903 01:50:31,340 --> 01:50:35,802 Majorities do not decide what is right or wrong. 1904 01:50:35,881 --> 01:50:37,850 Your conscience does. 1905 01:50:37,917 --> 01:50:40,580 So why should a citizen 1906 01:50:40,655 --> 01:50:43,147 surrender his or her conscience 1907 01:50:43,260 --> 01:50:44,591 to a legislator? 1908 01:50:44,696 --> 01:50:48,862 No, we must never, ever kneel down 1909 01:50:48,936 --> 01:50:51,838 before the tyranny of a majority. 1910 01:50:51,908 --> 01:50:54,605 [Applause] 1911 01:50:56,783 --> 01:50:58,649 [Applause] 1912 01:51:00,288 --> 01:51:03,817 We can't decide which laws to obey and which to ignore. 1913 01:51:03,960 --> 01:51:06,486 If we could... 1914 01:51:06,565 --> 01:51:08,193 I'd never stop for a red light. 1915 01:51:08,234 --> 01:51:10,032 [Laughter] 1916 01:51:10,070 --> 01:51:12,096 My father is one of those men 1917 01:51:12,175 --> 01:51:15,908 that stands between us and chaos: 1918 01:51:16,015 --> 01:51:18,484 A police officer. 1919 01:51:18,586 --> 01:51:24,528 I remember the day his partner, his best friend, 1920 01:51:24,595 --> 01:51:27,258 was gunned down in the line of duty. 1921 01:51:29,269 --> 01:51:32,034 Most vividly of all, 1922 01:51:32,107 --> 01:51:35,601 I remember the expression on my dad's face. 1923 01:51:37,717 --> 01:51:43,625 Nothing that erodes the rule of law can be moral, 1924 01:51:43,693 --> 01:51:48,223 no matter what name we give it. 1925 01:51:50,739 --> 01:51:52,503 Bravo! 1926 01:52:36,683 --> 01:52:37,809 Why doesn't he say something? 1927 01:52:37,885 --> 01:52:39,113 Shh! 1928 01:52:55,680 --> 01:52:59,243 In Texas... 1929 01:52:59,353 --> 01:53:01,219 they lynch Negroes. 1930 01:53:03,627 --> 01:53:05,596 My teammates and I 1931 01:53:05,663 --> 01:53:09,931 saw a man strung up by his neck 1932 01:53:09,971 --> 01:53:11,529 and set on fire. 1933 01:53:14,011 --> 01:53:18,074 We drove through a lynch mob, 1934 01:53:18,151 --> 01:53:21,554 pressed our faces against the floorboard. 1935 01:53:24,695 --> 01:53:27,722 I looked at my teammates. 1936 01:53:27,800 --> 01:53:30,827 I saw the fear in their eyes... 1937 01:53:33,243 --> 01:53:36,213 and worse... 1938 01:53:36,315 --> 01:53:37,577 the shame. 1939 01:53:40,822 --> 01:53:43,417 What was this Negro's crime 1940 01:53:43,493 --> 01:53:45,928 that he should be hung, without trial, 1941 01:53:45,998 --> 01:53:48,559 in a dark forest filled with fog? 1942 01:53:48,635 --> 01:53:52,630 Was he a thief? 1943 01:53:52,710 --> 01:53:55,839 Was he a killer? 1944 01:53:55,915 --> 01:53:57,439 Or just a Negro? 1945 01:53:59,721 --> 01:54:02,350 Was he a sharecropper? 1946 01:54:02,525 --> 01:54:04,653 A preacher? 1947 01:54:04,762 --> 01:54:07,789 Were his children waiting up for him? 1948 01:54:07,834 --> 01:54:13,935 And who are we to just lie there and do nothing? 1949 01:54:16,615 --> 01:54:21,817 No matter what he did, the mob was the criminal. 1950 01:54:21,890 --> 01:54:25,191 But the law did nothing, 1951 01:54:25,262 --> 01:54:28,597 just left us wondering why. 1952 01:54:34,845 --> 01:54:36,711 My opponent says 1953 01:54:36,816 --> 01:54:40,982 nothing that erodes the rule of law can be moral. 1954 01:54:41,089 --> 01:54:43,923 But there is no rule of law in the Jim Crow South, 1955 01:54:43,994 --> 01:54:46,463 not when Negroes are denied housing, 1956 01:54:46,565 --> 01:54:49,091 turned away from schools, hospitals, 1957 01:54:49,170 --> 01:54:51,401 and not when we are lynched. 1958 01:54:55,947 --> 01:54:57,346 St. Augustine said, 1959 01:54:57,416 --> 01:55:01,946 "An unjust law is no law at all," 1960 01:55:02,091 --> 01:55:03,923 which means I have a right, 1961 01:55:03,994 --> 01:55:06,657 even a duty, to resist... 1962 01:55:09,003 --> 01:55:13,704 with violence or civil disobedience. 1963 01:55:18,085 --> 01:55:20,611 You should pray I choose the latter. 1964 01:55:34,011 --> 01:55:36,105 Bravo! 1965 01:55:52,375 --> 01:55:53,637 [Dean] In tonight's debate 1966 01:55:53,710 --> 01:55:59,413 between Harvard University and Wiley College... 1967 01:56:02,692 --> 01:56:04,388 And the winner is... 1968 01:56:13,276 --> 01:56:14,743 [sigh] 1969 01:56:27,300 --> 01:56:28,962 Wiley College. 1970 01:56:29,037 --> 01:56:31,632 Yeah! 1971 01:57:19,687 --> 01:57:21,815 [Cheering] 1972 02:02:51,373 --> 02:02:52,601 ## [Guitar] 1973 02:02:56,615 --> 02:02:59,278 # Veil my face # 1974 02:02:59,386 --> 02:03:01,719 # Veil my face # 1975 02:03:01,857 --> 02:03:03,222 # Veil my face # 1976 02:03:03,293 --> 02:03:04,590 # Got two wings # 1977 02:03:04,662 --> 02:03:05,822 # Veil my face # 1978 02:03:05,897 --> 02:03:07,159 # Got two wings # 1979 02:03:07,233 --> 02:03:08,427 # Veil my feet # 1980 02:03:08,502 --> 02:03:09,662 # Got two wings # 1981 02:03:09,704 --> 02:03:10,830 # Fly away # 1982 02:03:10,872 --> 02:03:12,134 # Can't no man # 1983 02:03:12,208 --> 02:03:13,368 # Do me no harm # 1984 02:03:13,443 --> 02:03:14,603 # Got two wings # 1985 02:03:14,679 --> 02:03:15,976 # Veil my face # 1986 02:03:16,048 --> 02:03:17,242 # Got two wings # 1987 02:03:17,316 --> 02:03:18,510 # Veil my feet # 1988 02:03:18,585 --> 02:03:19,745 # Got two wings # 1989 02:03:19,820 --> 02:03:20,878 # Fly away # 1990 02:03:20,956 --> 02:03:22,218 # Can't no man # 1991 02:03:22,291 --> 02:03:23,588 # Do me no harm # 1992 02:03:23,660 --> 02:03:25,754 # Gather 'cause my soul is # 1993 02:03:25,830 --> 02:03:28,299 # Callin' out my name # 1994 02:03:28,367 --> 02:03:30,802 # Got two wings ready # 1995 02:03:30,905 --> 02:03:33,340 # And me just the same # 1996 02:03:33,410 --> 02:03:35,675 # Oh, brothers and sisters # 1997 02:03:35,746 --> 02:03:38,272 # Meet me in the air # 1998 02:03:38,384 --> 02:03:40,580 # If my wings fail me # 1999 02:03:40,655 --> 02:03:43,022 # I'll get another pair # 2000 02:03:43,094 --> 02:03:44,356 # I got two wings # 2001 02:03:44,430 --> 02:03:45,454 # Veil my face # 2002 02:03:45,531 --> 02:03:46,862 # Got two wings # 2003 02:03:46,933 --> 02:03:48,195 # Veil my feet # 2004 02:03:48,269 --> 02:03:49,395 # Got two wings # 2005 02:03:49,471 --> 02:03:50,495 # Fly away # 2006 02:03:50,572 --> 02:03:51,869 # Can't no man # 2007 02:03:51,941 --> 02:03:53,203 # Do me no harm # 2008 02:03:53,277 --> 02:03:54,369 # Ooh-ooh # 2009 02:03:54,446 --> 02:03:55,606 # Ooh-ooh # 2010 02:03:55,681 --> 02:03:57,046 # Ooh-ooh # 2011 02:03:57,117 --> 02:03:58,084 # Ooh-ooh # 2012 02:03:58,151 --> 02:03:59,277 # Ooh-ooh # 2013 02:03:59,353 --> 02:04:00,342 # Ooh-ooh # 2014 02:04:00,422 --> 02:04:01,650 # Uh-huh-huh # 2015 02:04:01,791 --> 02:04:03,053 # Uh-huh-huh # 2016 02:04:03,126 --> 02:04:04,218 # Woo-ooh # 2017 02:04:04,328 --> 02:04:05,386 # Ooh-ooh # 2018 02:04:05,497 --> 02:04:06,486 # Woo-ooh # 2019 02:04:06,599 --> 02:04:07,793 # Woo-ooh # 2020 02:04:07,900 --> 02:04:08,832 # Woo-ooh # 2021 02:04:08,869 --> 02:04:10,097 # Woo-ooh # 2022 02:04:10,138 --> 02:04:11,298 # Hey, hey, hey # 2023 02:04:11,373 --> 02:04:12,533 # Hey, hey # 2024 02:04:12,608 --> 02:04:13,939 # Fly away # 2025 02:04:14,010 --> 02:04:15,170 # Fly away # 2026 02:04:15,246 --> 02:04:16,474 # Fly-y-y # 2027 02:04:16,548 --> 02:04:17,606 # Fly away # 2028 02:04:17,684 --> 02:04:18,912 # Fly-y-y # 2029 02:04:18,985 --> 02:04:20,179 # Fly away # 2030 02:04:20,254 --> 02:04:21,414 # Fly-y-y # 2031 02:04:21,490 --> 02:04:23,721 # Fly away # 2032 02:04:23,794 --> 02:04:26,195 # Fly away # 2033 02:04:26,265 --> 02:04:27,630 # Fly away # 2034 02:04:27,701 --> 02:04:30,968 # Mm-hmm # 2035 02:04:31,039 --> 02:04:33,031 ## [piano] 2036 02:04:42,792 --> 02:04:45,956 # Hmm # 2037 02:04:46,030 --> 02:04:48,124 ## [gospel organ] 2038 02:04:48,201 --> 02:04:52,333 # Hmm # 2039 02:04:53,676 --> 02:04:59,083 # Hmm # 2040 02:04:59,152 --> 02:05:02,487 # Hmm # 2041 02:05:04,628 --> 02:05:10,092 # Hmm # 2042 02:05:10,139 --> 02:05:15,273 # Hmm # 2043 02:05:15,347 --> 02:05:19,513 # Hmm-mm-mm-mm # 2044 02:05:19,588 --> 02:05:22,353 # Hmm # 2045 02:05:22,425 --> 02:05:24,826 # Hmm # 2046 02:05:24,896 --> 02:05:27,525 # Up above my head # 2047 02:05:27,601 --> 02:05:30,093 # Above my head # 2048 02:05:30,171 --> 02:05:32,265 # I hear music in the air # 2049 02:05:32,342 --> 02:05:35,677 # Music in the air # 2050 02:05:35,747 --> 02:05:37,739 # Up above my head # 2051 02:05:37,817 --> 02:05:41,118 # Up above my head # 2052 02:05:41,189 --> 02:05:43,351 # I hear music in the air # 2053 02:05:43,461 --> 02:05:46,694 # Music in the air # 2054 02:05:46,799 --> 02:05:48,665 # Up above my head # 2055 02:05:48,736 --> 02:05:52,105 # Up above my head # 2056 02:05:52,174 --> 02:05:54,109 # I hear music in the air # 2057 02:05:54,178 --> 02:05:57,672 # Music in the air # 2058 02:05:57,751 --> 02:05:59,413 # I really do believe # 2059 02:05:59,487 --> 02:06:01,820 # Yes, I do believe # 2060 02:06:01,957 --> 02:06:02,981 # Hey, hey # 2061 02:06:03,059 --> 02:06:05,756 # There's a heaven somewhere # 2062 02:06:05,830 --> 02:06:08,061 # Heaven somewhere # 2063 02:06:08,134 --> 02:06:10,729 # Up above my head # 2064 02:06:10,772 --> 02:06:13,207 # Up above my head # 2065 02:06:13,243 --> 02:06:15,838 # I hear music in the air # 2066 02:06:15,913 --> 02:06:18,984 # Music in the air # 2067 02:06:18,985 --> 02:06:21,614 # Up above my head # 2068 02:06:21,724 --> 02:06:24,250 # Up above my head # 2069 02:06:24,362 --> 02:06:26,524 # I hear music in the air # 2070 02:06:26,598 --> 02:06:29,669 # Music in the air # 2071 02:06:29,670 --> 02:06:31,798 # Up above my head # 2072 02:06:31,873 --> 02:06:35,174 # Up above my head # 2073 02:06:35,246 --> 02:06:37,112 # I hear music in the air # 2074 02:06:37,184 --> 02:06:40,485 # Music in the air # 2075 02:06:40,556 --> 02:06:42,422 # I really do believe # 2076 02:06:42,492 --> 02:06:45,827 # Yes, I do believe # 2077 02:06:45,897 --> 02:06:48,696 # There's a heaven somewhere # 2078 02:06:48,769 --> 02:06:53,333 # Heaven somewhere #