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NARRATOR: Billions of
Earth-like planets...
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MICHAEL DENNIN: Why would
there be this vast universe
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and just us?
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NARRATOR: ...each capable
of sustaining life.
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DAVID CHILDRESS: In many ways,
it's like finding
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the Garden of Eden.
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NARRATOR: ...and each
with possible evidence
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that we are not alone.
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GIORGIO TSOUKALOS:
We have this imprint
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within all of us,
that our origin is out there.
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That life as we know it,
on planet Earth...
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originated elsewhere.
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NARRATOR:
Since the dawn of civilization,
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mankind has credited
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its origins to gods
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and other visitors
from the stars.
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What if it were true?
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Did extraterrestrial beings
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really help
to shape our history?
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And, if so, might this
explain our search...
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for another Earth?
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NARRATOR: July 23, 2015.
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After more than six years
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of observing
over 150,000 star systems
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within the Milky Way galaxy,
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NASA scientists,
using the Kepler Telescope,
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discover what they believe to be
an Earth-like planet,
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located 1,400 light years away.
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Kepler-452B...
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Or Earth 2.0,
as it has become known...
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Is 60% larger than Earth.
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The exo-planet
orbits a star slightly larger
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and brighter than our sun
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and falls within that star's
"Goldilocks zone"...
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making it a leading candidate
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to prove life exists
on a planet other than our own.
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Some planets are too close
to their stars,
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so they're too hot.
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Some of them are too far away,
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so they're too cold.
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Recently, they found one
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which they've actually
called the Goldilocks planet.
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As you can probably
surmise from that,
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that means that it's
almost just right.
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What that means
is that there's a potential
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that it might be
teeming with life.
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PAUL DAVIES: The problem
looking for Earth-like planets
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beyond the solar system
is they're hard to spot.
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There may be billions
within our galaxy alone
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that satisfy
roughly the conditions
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of being Earth-like.
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They have to have a magnetic
field and a few other conditions
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that will be congenial for life,
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but the liquid water, as well,
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I think everybody agrees,
is key.
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The Kepler discovery made
people sit up and take notice,
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'cause it would possibly have
the all-important liquid water
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that is the key
to looking for life
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as we know it
beyond the solar system.
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NARRATOR: Of the 100 billion
stars that make up
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the Milky Way galaxy,
astronomers now estimate
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that one in five
has an Earth-sized planet
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with the potential for life.
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And NASA scientists predict
that we are likely to find
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signs of alien life
by the year 2025,
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bringing us ever closer to
answering the age-old question:
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"Are we really alone
in the universe?"
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DENNIN:
Humans are really excited
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about life on other planets.
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There's a lot
of empty space out there,
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and it would be a big waste,
if there wasn't more life.
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Why would there be
this vast universe
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and just us?
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Forever people have wondered,
"Are we alone?
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"Is there life out there?
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Are there other
intelligent beings?"
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And that's why
we're so insistent upon
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searching for another Earth.
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I think there's
that need to realize
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that we're not alone
in the universe.
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We want answers.
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We're going out into space
because we want to find out
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are there other beings
out there like us?
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NARRATOR:
Since the Ancient Babylonians
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first documented
observations of Venus,
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humans have speculated
that inhabited worlds
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may exist beyond Earth.
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And from the time
of the ancient Greeks,
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philosophers and scholars
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have theorized
on the probability
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of the existence
of otherworldly civilizations
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other than our own.
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In 1961,
radio astronomer Frank Drake
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was the first to publicly
propose a mathematical argument
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for the likelihood
of the existence
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of intelligent
extraterrestrial life
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in the galaxy.
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DENNIN: Frank Drake
developed an equation
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that took the probability
of different things happening:
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Having the right type of sun,
having the right type of planet,
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how many planets
and stars there were
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and made an estimate
of how likely life would be.
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JOHN BRANDENBURG: The Drake
equation would seem to logically
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predict tens of thousands
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of civilizations out there,
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that we ought to be able
to hear on radio traffic.
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NARRATOR: But if there is
such a high probability
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for the existence
of intelligent life-forms
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elsewhere in the universe,
why haven't we encountered them?
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SEAGER: If there are so many
other planets out there,
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and if the chance for
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intelligent life
out there is high,
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why hasn't anyone visited us?
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BRANDENBURG:
The human race should be typical
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of what intelligent life is like
in the rest of the cosmos.
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Plus the cosmos is much older
than the human race.
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We tend to expand into all
possible living spaces.
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Intelligent life in the rest
of the universe
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should probably
act like that, too.
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People like us
should be filling the cosmos.
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Everywhere we point
a radio telescope
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we should be picking up noise.
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Instead, there's nothing.
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NARRATOR: While radio telescopes
have yet to pick up
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a transmission from
other intelligent beings
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in the universe, ancient
astronaut theorists propose
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that contact has, in fact,
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already taken place.
And evidence of this
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can be found
throughout the world.
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The question "where are they?"
should be answered with:
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"Look at the ancient
astronaut theory,"
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because we are suggesting
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that there is evidence
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that goes back
thousands of years
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by the stories
that we have of gods...
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Lowercase "G"...
Descending from the sky.
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It doesn't matter
on what continent.
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Every single continent
was visited.
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CHILDRESS: I would say that
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the evidence is there
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and it's all around us,
whether it's in
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megalithic sites that are
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aligned to constellations,
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such as the Great Serpent Mound
in Ohio.
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Even the pyramids at Giza.
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And even stories of beings
coming down in spaceships,
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interacting with people.
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Evidence is overwhelming
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that there are extraterrestrials
all over the universe,
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and that they're coming here.
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NARRATOR: According to ancient
astronaut theorists,
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one of the earliest and most
compelling pieces of evidence
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to support the notion that
extraterrestrials have, in fact,
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visited Earth, can be found
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with an ancient Sumerian
cylindrical seal
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known as VA243.
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Author Zecharia Sitchin
was the first to suggest
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that on this seal,
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which is estimated to be
at least 4,500 years old,
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is a depiction
of our solar system.
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JASON MARTELL: You can see
in the seal that there's
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a whole complete model
of the solar system
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accurately being displayed
with the sun in the center.
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Now, till the time
of Copernicus and Galileo,
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no one knew that we actually
orbited the sun,
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so the only explanation is
someone who had this knowledge
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gave it to humanity,
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and that there has been
extraterrestrial presence
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in interaction with people
in the past.
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And we see this
across the globe.
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NARRATOR: Throughout the world,
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ancient cultures
have told stories of gods
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descended from
specific star systems.
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The Maya associated their gods
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with the Pleiades star cluster,
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as did the Native Americans,
hundreds of miles away.
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The Dogon tribe
and the ancient Egyptians
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believed their gods
came from the star Sirius.
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ERICH VON DANIKEN: In old Egypt,
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we have, for example, Osiris,
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who comes from Orion.
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Osiris was married to Isis.
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Isis comes from
the star of Sirius.
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These extraterrestrials,
the so-called gods,
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they pointed up to the sky and
said, "Look, this is our home."
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NARRATOR: Is it possible that
there are intelligent beings
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inhabiting other planets
within our solar system,
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as ancient astronaut
theorists contend?
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If so, could they have
once sought out Earth
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as we now seek
other habitable planets?
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Perhaps further evidence
will be revealed
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with our plans to colonize Mars.
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NARRATOR: Spring 2013.
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The Mars One project
solicits candidates
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for their proposed settlement
on Mars.
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Over 200,000 people apply
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for the chance
to be the first humans
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to colonize the Red Planet.
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Only 24 will be selected.
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None are expected to return.
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BRANDENBURG:
The Mars One mission
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is a very ambitious mission.
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They've canvassed the whole
world's aerospace contractors
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and tried to make heavy use
of the experience
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on the space station, where
they've made living modules.
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Those same modules
can be brought to Mars
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and support human life.
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NARRATOR: Scientists
are testing working models
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of living quarters for Mars,
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such as NASA's
Deep Space Habitat.
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Engineers designed these pods
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00:11:09.469 --> 00:11:14.406
to be constructed remotely,
before humans arrive.
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Once built, the habitats
will supply oxygen and water
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and minimize the harmful effects
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of atmospheric radiation
to humans.
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Yet even these engineering feats
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won't allow humans
to live on Mars
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for extended periods of time.
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DENNIN:
We have tried experiments
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with actually making
a survivable environment
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in a pod,
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and it seems to be
very, very hard to do
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for a very long scale.
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If we want
long-term habitation on Mars
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and colonization of Mars,
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personally,
I vote for terraforming.
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NARRATOR:
Terraforming is the process
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of turning an environment
unsuitable for human habitation
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into one
that mankind can live in.
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Scientists are currently
researching the various ways
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we might someday terraform
an entire planet.
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DENNIN: When you think
about terraforming Mars,
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the key, really, is getting
a dense atmosphere
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that forms protection
from the radiation from the sun,
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makes the temperature
really high enough,
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and gets things going
with plant life and oxygen.
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So one question is, where do you
get that denser atmosphere?
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Couple of options:
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There is various amounts
of gases
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trapped in the polar caps,
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so you can imagine melting
those, releasing the gas.
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DAVIES:
Terraforming another planet
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00:12:50.700 --> 00:12:53.605
is a very, very long-term
prospect.
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00:12:53.640 --> 00:12:55.340
Now, if we were going
to terraform Mars
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to make it more Earth-like, we
can think of ways of doing that.
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We can seed it with microbes
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that might produce
a thicker atmosphere.
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You can dramatically modify
conditions on a planet
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by suitable intervention,
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and Mars would seem to be
a good one to do it for.
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Mars was
once much more Earth-like.
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Perhaps we could bring it back,
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make it more Earth-like again.
254
00:13:17.764 --> 00:13:20.198
BRANDENBURG:
Earth's early atmosphere
255
00:13:20.233 --> 00:13:22.600
and Mars' present atmosphere,
256
00:13:22.636 --> 00:13:24.502
in composition,
are very similar.
257
00:13:24.538 --> 00:13:27.205
Earth had a lot of water vapor,
258
00:13:27.240 --> 00:13:29.908
nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.
259
00:13:29.943 --> 00:13:34.145
That's what Mars' atmosphere
consists of.
260
00:13:36.583 --> 00:13:39.450
NARRATOR: Ancient astronaut
theorists propose
261
00:13:39.486 --> 00:13:42.987
that if humans are planning
to one day give Mars
262
00:13:43.230 --> 00:13:44.923
a breathable atmosphere,
263
00:13:44.958 --> 00:13:48.259
extraterrestrials may have done
the same thing with Earth,
264
00:13:48.295 --> 00:13:52.630
millions of years ago.
265
00:13:52.980 --> 00:13:53.598
There's a distinct possibility
266
00:13:53.633 --> 00:13:56.501
that the Earth
could've been terraformed.
267
00:13:56.536 --> 00:13:59.971
When you look at the development
of Earth, what you see is that,
268
00:14:00.600 --> 00:14:04.142
at every stage, the planet got
exactly what it seemed to need
269
00:14:04.177 --> 00:14:08.460
to develop into this beautiful
blue world that we live on.
270
00:14:08.810 --> 00:14:11.182
When we needed oxygen,
there was bacteria introduced
271
00:14:11.218 --> 00:14:12.717
into the ecosystem
272
00:14:12.752 --> 00:14:14.519
that actually sucked up
carbon dioxide
273
00:14:14.554 --> 00:14:19.257
and methane gas
and-and pumped out oxygen.
274
00:14:19.292 --> 00:14:20.959
We're looking at what Mars is,
275
00:14:20.994 --> 00:14:23.228
and we're thinking of trying
to build an atmosphere
276
00:14:23.263 --> 00:14:24.963
and everything else.
277
00:14:24.998 --> 00:14:27.760
And the first question
you'd have to ask yourself is:
278
00:14:27.100 --> 00:14:30.869
Did extraterrestrials come here
and do the same thing?
279
00:14:33.874 --> 00:14:35.874
NARRATOR:
But how did our planet,
280
00:14:35.909 --> 00:14:38.509
that was once devoid of oxygen,
281
00:14:38.545 --> 00:14:41.946
turn into the lush green world
we know today?
282
00:14:44.284 --> 00:14:46.351
Scientists have struggled
for years
283
00:14:46.386 --> 00:14:51.589
to discover
just how Earth became habitable.
284
00:14:51.625 --> 00:14:54.225
There's always been a-a problem
about life on Earth.
285
00:14:54.261 --> 00:14:55.927
Did it actually
start here on Earth,
286
00:14:55.962 --> 00:14:57.595
or come here
from somewhere else?
287
00:14:57.631 --> 00:15:01.532
There's no known transition
from non-life to life
288
00:15:01.568 --> 00:15:03.501
that we can all agree on.
289
00:15:03.536 --> 00:15:06.738
Seeing as we don't know how life
began, it's up for grabs.
290
00:15:06.773 --> 00:15:09.641
But we know, on Earth,
it was microbes
291
00:15:09.676 --> 00:15:11.876
that made the oxygen atmosphere.
292
00:15:15.882 --> 00:15:18.249
NARRATOR:
Although scientists agree
293
00:15:18.285 --> 00:15:20.351
that Earth's
oxygenated atmosphere
294
00:15:20.387 --> 00:15:24.389
most likely can be attributed
to the presence of microbes,
295
00:15:24.424 --> 00:15:26.257
many theories exist
296
00:15:26.293 --> 00:15:30.295
as to where exactly
these organisms came from.
297
00:15:30.330 --> 00:15:33.310
One intriguing speculation
298
00:15:33.660 --> 00:15:36.534
that has caught the attention
of ancient astronaut theorists
299
00:15:36.569 --> 00:15:41.606
involves grooved metal balls
called Klerksdorp spheres.
300
00:15:41.641 --> 00:15:44.575
These mysterious round objects
301
00:15:44.611 --> 00:15:48.513
were found scattered in
mineral deposits in South Africa
302
00:15:48.548 --> 00:15:51.716
that date back 3 billion years.
303
00:15:51.751 --> 00:15:56.721
There are people that argue
that these spheres are natural,
304
00:15:56.756 --> 00:15:59.724
but there's really
no natural objects
305
00:15:59.759 --> 00:16:01.626
that bear any resemblance
to them at all.
306
00:16:01.661 --> 00:16:05.630
And the fact that they're buried
in rock that is so old indicates
307
00:16:05.665 --> 00:16:09.200
that somebody sort of scattered
them throughout the planet.
308
00:16:09.235 --> 00:16:13.271
They appear to be
metallic, constructed spheres
309
00:16:13.306 --> 00:16:16.708
in which you could have placed
bacterial life
310
00:16:16.743 --> 00:16:19.510
that would definitely
have been able to then spill out
311
00:16:19.546 --> 00:16:22.680
into the ecosystem,
multiply, divide,
312
00:16:22.716 --> 00:16:25.116
and change the environment,
313
00:16:25.151 --> 00:16:29.153
exactly as we're proposing to do
on the planet Mars.
314
00:16:29.189 --> 00:16:30.755
We might say that this is just
315
00:16:30.790 --> 00:16:33.358
a natural occurring thing
on Earth,
316
00:16:33.393 --> 00:16:36.260
but this may be evidence
that Earth was seeded
317
00:16:36.296 --> 00:16:41.650
by some kind of bacteria
or microbes brought here
318
00:16:41.101 --> 00:16:43.835
and what we have today
has been purposely created
319
00:16:43.870 --> 00:16:48.206
by beings with tremendous powers
and knowledge.
320
00:16:52.979 --> 00:16:55.346
NARRATOR:
Did extraterrestrial beings
321
00:16:55.382 --> 00:16:57.515
introduce organisms to Earth
322
00:16:57.550 --> 00:16:59.183
that started life,
323
00:16:59.219 --> 00:17:03.287
just as humans
may someday do to Mars?
324
00:17:03.323 --> 00:17:06.591
If so,
could our ancestral origin
325
00:17:06.626 --> 00:17:10.962
actually come from
another planet in the galaxy?
326
00:17:10.997 --> 00:17:15.166
The answer may be right
in front of us,
327
00:17:15.201 --> 00:17:17.502
lying within the physiology
328
00:17:17.537 --> 00:17:19.871
of our own bodies.
329
00:17:28.281 --> 00:17:31.282
NARRATOR: Tell al-Uhaymir, Iraq.
330
00:17:31.317 --> 00:17:35.386
Here, in what was once the
ancient Sumerian city of Kish,
331
00:17:35.422 --> 00:17:37.955
archaeologists unearthed
332
00:17:37.991 --> 00:17:40.291
the world's
oldest written document.
333
00:17:40.326 --> 00:17:43.194
The Kish tablet
334
00:17:43.229 --> 00:17:45.496
dates to 3,500 BC,
335
00:17:45.532 --> 00:17:49.500
and is believed to pre-date
both the Sumerian cuneiform
336
00:17:49.536 --> 00:17:51.969
and Egyptian
hieroglyphic writing
337
00:17:52.500 --> 00:17:55.706
by nearly a hundred years.
338
00:17:55.742 --> 00:17:58.509
Developing the ability
to express thoughts
339
00:17:58.545 --> 00:18:00.945
through written language
is one of the first ways
340
00:18:00.980 --> 00:18:02.914
in which man separated itself
341
00:18:02.949 --> 00:18:06.584
from the rest
of the animal kingdom.
342
00:18:06.619 --> 00:18:09.387
In the 5,000 years since,
343
00:18:09.422 --> 00:18:12.957
humans have harnessed
electricity,
344
00:18:12.992 --> 00:18:14.959
split the atom,
345
00:18:14.994 --> 00:18:17.195
developed computers,
346
00:18:17.230 --> 00:18:20.498
and placed a man on the Moon.
347
00:18:20.533 --> 00:18:23.340
No other species on Earth
348
00:18:23.690 --> 00:18:25.203
can claim such unique
achievements
349
00:18:25.238 --> 00:18:27.472
in such a short span of time.
350
00:18:28.708 --> 00:18:30.541
In comparison to other animals,
351
00:18:30.577 --> 00:18:32.900
our evolution is pretty brief.
352
00:18:32.450 --> 00:18:33.845
Um, it's-it's been
a fairly short time,
353
00:18:33.880 --> 00:18:35.513
only a couple of million
years, probably,
354
00:18:35.548 --> 00:18:36.914
since the first hominids.
355
00:18:36.950 --> 00:18:39.584
WARD: One of the great
scientific questions
356
00:18:39.619 --> 00:18:41.986
is why is it our species
357
00:18:42.210 --> 00:18:44.755
uniquely arose into this
358
00:18:44.791 --> 00:18:47.358
truly advanced
technological intelligence
359
00:18:47.393 --> 00:18:49.293
that we have.
360
00:18:49.329 --> 00:18:53.164
Clearly, there's nothing else on
planet Earth that is like us.
361
00:18:53.199 --> 00:18:55.600
There are many intelligences,
but nothing
362
00:18:55.635 --> 00:18:59.103
is wielding technology
to the extent that we do.
363
00:18:59.139 --> 00:19:02.340
DAVIES: If we just had to sort
of go back to the jungle,
364
00:19:02.375 --> 00:19:04.809
the proverbial jungle,
and just survive,
365
00:19:04.844 --> 00:19:07.979
most of us wouldn't really
live for very long.
366
00:19:08.140 --> 00:19:09.780
Human beings,
apart from their intelligence,
367
00:19:09.816 --> 00:19:13.518
uh, really are not
very well-suited
368
00:19:13.553 --> 00:19:16.200
to occupying a wide range
of environments.
369
00:19:16.489 --> 00:19:18.189
(crying)
370
00:19:18.224 --> 00:19:20.202
NARRATOR: In addition to our
incredible intelligence,
371
00:19:20.226 --> 00:19:24.280
biologists have also
noted contrasts
372
00:19:24.630 --> 00:19:27.765
between human physiology
and other animals.
373
00:19:27.800 --> 00:19:29.780
FISHER:
Compared to other animals,
374
00:19:29.102 --> 00:19:30.535
I think we're a little odd.
375
00:19:30.570 --> 00:19:32.570
A baby horse is born,
for instance, it's able
376
00:19:32.605 --> 00:19:36.240
to walk around and do its own
thing, like, immediately.
377
00:19:36.276 --> 00:19:39.110
The same is certainly not true
of a... of a human infant.
378
00:19:39.145 --> 00:19:40.811
We are pretty helpless.
379
00:19:40.847 --> 00:19:43.848
We're born before we're quite
neurologically cooked.
380
00:19:43.883 --> 00:19:47.685
There are many vulnerabilities
which go alongside
381
00:19:47.720 --> 00:19:51.122
our much-vaunted intelligence.
382
00:19:51.157 --> 00:19:55.226
We became bipeds and that
freed up our forelimbs
383
00:19:55.261 --> 00:19:58.663
to be able to manipulate
objects, make tools and so on.
384
00:19:58.698 --> 00:20:00.731
But it comes at a price,
385
00:20:00.767 --> 00:20:04.669
because we've got
these back problems.
386
00:20:04.704 --> 00:20:06.737
WILLIAM LEONARD:
Lower back pain is something
387
00:20:06.773 --> 00:20:09.941
that is virtually unknown
in other primate species,
388
00:20:09.976 --> 00:20:12.643
whereas it's something
that is very common
389
00:20:12.679 --> 00:20:14.145
in contemporary humans.
390
00:20:16.115 --> 00:20:19.817
NARRATOR: In 2013,
ecologist Dr. Ellis Silver
391
00:20:19.852 --> 00:20:23.688
set forth in his book
Humans Are Not From Earth
392
00:20:23.723 --> 00:20:27.291
a possible theory
to explain why humans
393
00:20:27.327 --> 00:20:31.128
seem so evolutionarily
unsuited to the planet.
394
00:20:31.164 --> 00:20:32.797
BARA: Dr. Ellis Silver
395
00:20:32.832 --> 00:20:35.266
developed an idea that perhaps
the human race
396
00:20:35.301 --> 00:20:38.269
did not actually naturally
evolve here on the Earth,
397
00:20:38.304 --> 00:20:39.870
but somewhere else.
398
00:20:39.906 --> 00:20:42.173
DAVID WILCOCK:
Silver's book raises a lot
399
00:20:42.208 --> 00:20:44.809
of very provocative
and intriguing questions.
400
00:20:44.844 --> 00:20:46.777
For example, why is it that
401
00:20:46.813 --> 00:20:49.780
we get cataracts from the sun?
402
00:20:49.816 --> 00:20:52.617
Why is it that the sun
seems to hurt us
403
00:20:52.652 --> 00:20:54.418
if we go out for too long?
404
00:20:54.454 --> 00:20:57.822
So Dr. Silver suggests that we
might've come from a planet
405
00:20:57.857 --> 00:21:00.625
with different solar exposure.
406
00:21:00.660 --> 00:21:03.527
We also have 223 genes
407
00:21:03.563 --> 00:21:05.630
that appear in human DNA
408
00:21:05.665 --> 00:21:09.367
that do not appear
in any other species on Earth,
409
00:21:09.402 --> 00:21:10.835
suggesting, again,
410
00:21:10.870 --> 00:21:12.703
that there's something
unusual about us.
411
00:21:14.700 --> 00:21:16.340
BARA: They've discovered
that astronauts,
412
00:21:16.376 --> 00:21:17.942
when they're in space,
413
00:21:17.977 --> 00:21:21.379
their circadian rhythms actually
change from 24 hours...
414
00:21:21.414 --> 00:21:23.381
Like we have
when we're here on Earth...
415
00:21:23.416 --> 00:21:26.984
To 24.9 hours, which is
the exact circadian rhythm
416
00:21:27.200 --> 00:21:29.620
or the exact length
of a Martian day,
417
00:21:29.656 --> 00:21:31.522
not an Earth day.
418
00:21:31.557 --> 00:21:35.326
NOORY: The patterns
of who we are as human beings
419
00:21:35.361 --> 00:21:38.763
doesn't fit into
some of the other creatures
420
00:21:38.798 --> 00:21:39.864
that are on this planet.
421
00:21:39.899 --> 00:21:42.333
Dr. Silver, his theory was
422
00:21:42.368 --> 00:21:46.300
that we were either brought here
or seeded here,
423
00:21:46.390 --> 00:21:49.173
but clearly
of an extraterrestrial origin.
424
00:21:49.208 --> 00:21:51.676
CHILDRESS: We are, in a sense,
425
00:21:51.711 --> 00:21:53.711
transplanted here
426
00:21:53.746 --> 00:21:56.981
from some other solar system.
427
00:21:57.160 --> 00:22:00.217
And Neanderthals
were already here
428
00:22:00.253 --> 00:22:04.322
and we are a cross-bred...
429
00:22:04.357 --> 00:22:06.290
part-alien race
430
00:22:06.326 --> 00:22:09.226
that's part Neanderthal
and part extraterrestrial.
431
00:22:09.262 --> 00:22:12.663
NARRATOR:
Might Dr. Silver's observations
432
00:22:12.699 --> 00:22:14.765
of human physiology be proof
433
00:22:14.801 --> 00:22:17.668
that we are a hybrid species,
434
00:22:17.704 --> 00:22:21.872
one whose origin
comes from a celestial place?
435
00:22:21.908 --> 00:22:25.109
Ancient astronaut
theorists say yes,
436
00:22:25.144 --> 00:22:27.411
and claim further evidence
can be found
437
00:22:27.447 --> 00:22:30.881
in the narratives
of numerous religions.
438
00:22:32.552 --> 00:22:36.253
Brigham Young, one of
the most important leaders
439
00:22:36.289 --> 00:22:37.555
of the Mormon religion,
440
00:22:37.590 --> 00:22:40.691
proposed that the biblical Adam
441
00:22:40.727 --> 00:22:42.626
was not created on Earth,
442
00:22:42.662 --> 00:22:45.596
but was born to parents
on another world
443
00:22:45.631 --> 00:22:47.898
and then was
brought to our planet.
444
00:22:47.934 --> 00:22:50.434
In the Zohar,
445
00:22:50.470 --> 00:22:52.837
the primary text
of Jewish mysticism,
446
00:22:52.872 --> 00:22:55.639
a similar story is told.
447
00:22:55.675 --> 00:22:58.376
TZADOK:
Adam actually had parents.
448
00:22:58.411 --> 00:23:01.746
A mother and a father.
449
00:23:01.781 --> 00:23:04.515
And that God took Adam
450
00:23:04.550 --> 00:23:07.840
from whatever place
that he came from...
451
00:23:07.120 --> 00:23:09.860
We don't understand
what that is,
452
00:23:09.122 --> 00:23:12.523
another dimension,
another world, we don't know.
453
00:23:12.558 --> 00:23:14.392
We are half physical
454
00:23:14.427 --> 00:23:17.595
and we are half
something much greater.
455
00:23:17.630 --> 00:23:22.400
Celestial,
extraterrestrial, divine.
456
00:23:22.435 --> 00:23:26.170
TSOUKALOS: According
to the ancient astronaut theory,
457
00:23:26.205 --> 00:23:29.974
we were created
in the image of the gods
458
00:23:30.900 --> 00:23:32.309
and those stories are reflected
459
00:23:32.345 --> 00:23:34.712
in all of our ancient legends.
460
00:23:34.747 --> 00:23:38.716
For example, the Native American
culture clearly states
461
00:23:38.751 --> 00:23:42.653
that our entire planet
was seeded.
462
00:23:42.688 --> 00:23:44.855
LOGAN HAWKES:
In the ancient American world,
463
00:23:44.891 --> 00:23:46.524
part of their
core belief system is that
464
00:23:46.559 --> 00:23:49.427
they may not
have originated on Earth.
465
00:23:49.462 --> 00:23:51.662
We know that the Hopi,
for example,
466
00:23:51.697 --> 00:23:54.432
believed that they were
brought to the Earth
467
00:23:54.467 --> 00:23:58.102
by star people
from the Orion system.
468
00:23:58.137 --> 00:24:00.104
NARRATOR: Is it really possible
469
00:24:00.139 --> 00:24:02.740
that our origins
are not entirely
470
00:24:02.775 --> 00:24:04.308
from this planet?
471
00:24:04.343 --> 00:24:06.610
And if so, does this explain
472
00:24:06.646 --> 00:24:10.581
why we are drawn to the search
for an other Earth?
473
00:24:10.616 --> 00:24:12.983
Perhaps the answers lie
474
00:24:13.190 --> 00:24:16.320
in ancient tales
told across the world
475
00:24:16.355 --> 00:24:20.570
of a paradise lost forever.
476
00:24:23.290 --> 00:24:27.932
NARRATOR: In October of 2018,
477
00:24:27.967 --> 00:24:30.201
the James Webb Space Telescope...
478
00:24:30.236 --> 00:24:32.837
The most powerful telescope
ever built...
479
00:24:32.872 --> 00:24:35.206
Will take its place
in the cosmos,
480
00:24:35.241 --> 00:24:39.243
nearly one million miles
from Earth.
481
00:24:40.713 --> 00:24:43.470
It is just the latest tool
482
00:24:43.820 --> 00:24:45.282
in our endless pursuit
of locating
483
00:24:45.318 --> 00:24:48.619
another habitable planet.
484
00:24:48.654 --> 00:24:51.880
Since Galileo Galilei
485
00:24:51.123 --> 00:24:54.992
first aimed a telescope
skyward in 1609,
486
00:24:55.270 --> 00:24:59.330
billions of dollars
and countless resources
487
00:24:59.365 --> 00:25:02.266
have been spent
on humanity's search
488
00:25:02.301 --> 00:25:04.602
for an other Earth.
489
00:25:04.637 --> 00:25:06.904
It is more than a search
490
00:25:06.939 --> 00:25:09.340
for intelligent life
in the universe.
491
00:25:09.375 --> 00:25:12.109
The quest to explore
the universe
492
00:25:12.144 --> 00:25:15.446
is nothing less than
our longing for transcendence.
493
00:25:15.481 --> 00:25:17.781
It is a search for meaning.
494
00:25:17.817 --> 00:25:20.784
It is a search for what
is beyond our understanding.
495
00:25:20.820 --> 00:25:24.421
WILCOCK:
Could there also be a yearning
496
00:25:24.457 --> 00:25:27.558
and a longing
for some other planet
497
00:25:27.593 --> 00:25:29.360
that we came from?
498
00:25:29.395 --> 00:25:31.962
And so when we look up
at the stars, there's this
499
00:25:31.998 --> 00:25:34.665
genetic beckoning that we feel
500
00:25:34.700 --> 00:25:36.166
to want to explore,
501
00:25:36.202 --> 00:25:38.869
to want to find out
what happened to us.
502
00:25:38.905 --> 00:25:40.771
How did we end up here?
503
00:25:40.806 --> 00:25:43.107
NARRATOR: Is it possible
504
00:25:43.142 --> 00:25:46.710
that our attempt to locate
life on other planets
505
00:25:46.746 --> 00:25:49.847
is, in fact, a quest to locate
506
00:25:49.882 --> 00:25:52.483
our extraterrestrial origins,
507
00:25:52.518 --> 00:25:54.952
as ancient astronaut
theorists propose?
508
00:25:56.322 --> 00:25:59.757
If so,
is this drive deeply ingrained
509
00:25:59.792 --> 00:26:02.126
in our genetic memory?
510
00:26:02.161 --> 00:26:03.961
CHILDRESS:
In many ways, it's like
511
00:26:03.996 --> 00:26:07.431
finding the Garden of Eden,
where we came from.
512
00:26:07.466 --> 00:26:10.000
And perhaps the Garden of Eden
was on another planet,
513
00:26:10.360 --> 00:26:14.572
and this is part of our own DNA,
514
00:26:14.607 --> 00:26:17.174
to find out where we came from.
515
00:26:19.110 --> 00:26:21.779
NARRATOR:
The tale of a lost paradise
516
00:26:21.814 --> 00:26:25.149
is among the most enduring myths
in the world.
517
00:26:25.184 --> 00:26:30.421
Celtic legends speak of
the mysterious Island of Avalon
518
00:26:30.456 --> 00:26:33.424
that required supernatural
transport to visit.
519
00:26:33.459 --> 00:26:36.460
The Buddhist
and Hindu traditions tell
520
00:26:36.495 --> 00:26:39.363
of the forbidden land
of Shambhala.
521
00:26:39.398 --> 00:26:41.465
And in the Taoist tradition,
522
00:26:41.500 --> 00:26:44.535
they refer
to various celestial paradises
523
00:26:44.570 --> 00:26:46.737
where the immortals reside.
524
00:26:46.772 --> 00:26:49.390
In the Taoist tradition,
there's a belief
525
00:26:49.750 --> 00:26:51.308
that, um, immortals who ascend
526
00:26:51.344 --> 00:26:54.440
to these paradises
and to heavens,
527
00:26:54.800 --> 00:26:56.413
they can actually be demoted
528
00:26:56.449 --> 00:26:59.950
for bad behavior or misconduct,
and banished.
529
00:26:59.986 --> 00:27:02.860
And when they are banished,
they are banished,
530
00:27:02.121 --> 00:27:04.221
typically, back to Earth.
531
00:27:07.994 --> 00:27:10.160
NARRATOR:
Might the cross-cultural stories
532
00:27:10.196 --> 00:27:15.990
of a utopian world be not
mythology, but actual history?
533
00:27:15.134 --> 00:27:17.935
Could these stories be evidence
534
00:27:17.970 --> 00:27:21.271
that life came to Earth
from another planet?
535
00:27:21.307 --> 00:27:25.376
Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,
536
00:27:25.411 --> 00:27:28.679
and suggest that further proof
may be found
537
00:27:28.714 --> 00:27:33.417
in the historical records of
a tiny farming town in England.
538
00:27:36.489 --> 00:27:37.755
Woolpit Village.
539
00:27:37.790 --> 00:27:40.570
The 12th century AD.
540
00:27:42.528 --> 00:27:45.950
Two small children
mysteriously appear
541
00:27:45.131 --> 00:27:46.930
near the opening of a cave...
542
00:27:46.966 --> 00:27:52.269
A boy and a girl speaking in a
language that is indecipherable.
543
00:27:52.304 --> 00:27:56.173
But even more odd...
Their skin is green.
544
00:27:56.208 --> 00:27:58.709
SABINA MAGLIOCCO:
The farmers in the area
545
00:27:58.744 --> 00:28:03.881
who were harvesting vegetables
came upon these two children.
546
00:28:03.916 --> 00:28:05.716
Their skin was green,
547
00:28:05.751 --> 00:28:09.453
and their clothing was said
to be made of a strange fabric.
548
00:28:09.488 --> 00:28:11.221
It was a fabric unfamiliar
549
00:28:11.257 --> 00:28:13.570
to the people
who were describing them.
550
00:28:13.920 --> 00:28:15.559
KATHLEEN McGOWAN COPPENS:
The children are immediately
551
00:28:15.594 --> 00:28:18.529
whisked off
and put into isolation
552
00:28:18.564 --> 00:28:21.980
from the rest of the village
for several days,
553
00:28:21.133 --> 00:28:24.334
because no one is sure
if they're actually human.
554
00:28:24.370 --> 00:28:27.137
MAGLIOCCO: The children said
that they came
555
00:28:27.173 --> 00:28:29.540
from the land of Saint Martin,
556
00:28:29.575 --> 00:28:34.511
a land that was, in many ways,
much like Earth.
557
00:28:34.547 --> 00:28:36.914
They described
the place that they came from
558
00:28:36.949 --> 00:28:41.652
as not being as bright
as our land is.
559
00:28:41.687 --> 00:28:45.550
There was no bright sun,
there was no dark night,
560
00:28:45.910 --> 00:28:47.624
but it was a sort of twilit land
561
00:28:47.660 --> 00:28:51.595
with the sky the color
of early evening.
562
00:28:51.630 --> 00:28:55.999
NARRATOR: Prominent 12th century
historian William of Newburgh
563
00:28:56.350 --> 00:28:59.236
included a detailed account
of the Green Children
564
00:28:59.271 --> 00:29:03.240
in his major work,
History of English Affairs.
565
00:29:03.275 --> 00:29:06.877
He noted
that they eventually acclimated
566
00:29:06.912 --> 00:29:08.512
to their new environment.
567
00:29:08.547 --> 00:29:10.614
YOUNG:
The children gradually became
568
00:29:10.649 --> 00:29:12.150
part of the community.
569
00:29:12.510 --> 00:29:15.185
The boy, the younger
of the two children, died,
570
00:29:15.221 --> 00:29:18.522
but the girl survived, and
there are some serious tracking
571
00:29:18.557 --> 00:29:20.257
of her descendants, indicating
572
00:29:20.292 --> 00:29:22.626
that she is a real person
in history.
573
00:29:22.661 --> 00:29:25.863
NARRATOR: Many theories
have been proposed
574
00:29:25.898 --> 00:29:29.266
as to where exactly
these children came from.
575
00:29:29.301 --> 00:29:31.902
McGOWAN: The most popular
theory seems to be
576
00:29:31.937 --> 00:29:35.372
that they came
from another planet,
577
00:29:35.407 --> 00:29:36.852
a planet with a different type
of orbit,
578
00:29:36.876 --> 00:29:38.709
a planet that was not exposed
to the sun.
579
00:29:40.913 --> 00:29:42.780
NARRATOR:
Does the well-documented account
580
00:29:42.815 --> 00:29:46.116
of the Green Children of Woolpit
give credence
581
00:29:46.152 --> 00:29:49.520
to the existence
of another inhabited world
582
00:29:49.880 --> 00:29:51.880
separate from our own?
583
00:29:51.123 --> 00:29:55.125
Some ancient astronaut
theorists suggest
584
00:29:55.161 --> 00:29:58.195
that another Earth may exist,
not in space,
585
00:29:58.230 --> 00:30:01.131
but deep within the Earth,
586
00:30:01.167 --> 00:30:04.670
right under our feet.
587
00:30:07.439 --> 00:30:12.900
NARRATOR: June 13, 2014.
588
00:30:12.440 --> 00:30:15.145
Scientists researching
the Earth's mantle
589
00:30:15.181 --> 00:30:18.182
announce that they have found
what they believe
590
00:30:18.217 --> 00:30:22.186
to be a vast body of water,
three times the volume
591
00:30:22.221 --> 00:30:24.121
of all of our oceans combined,
592
00:30:24.156 --> 00:30:26.156
contained within a mineral layer
593
00:30:26.192 --> 00:30:30.294
400 miles inside the Earth.
594
00:30:30.329 --> 00:30:33.263
The discovery
shakes the foundation
595
00:30:33.299 --> 00:30:36.366
of what scientists and scholars
thought they knew
596
00:30:36.402 --> 00:30:40.103
about the ground under our feet.
597
00:30:40.139 --> 00:30:42.773
We have just scratched
the surface of the Earth.
598
00:30:42.808 --> 00:30:45.108
We drilled down,
like, eight miles,
599
00:30:45.144 --> 00:30:47.544
and we had to stop
because it got too hot.
600
00:30:49.810 --> 00:30:50.981
Out of 4,000 miles...
601
00:30:51.160 --> 00:30:53.150
Basically to
the core of the Earth...
602
00:30:53.185 --> 00:30:54.418
We went down eight.
603
00:30:54.453 --> 00:30:55.619
That's nothing.
604
00:30:56.755 --> 00:30:58.455
AGNEW: We have more than 70
605
00:30:58.490 --> 00:31:00.858
active space programs right now.
606
00:31:00.893 --> 00:31:03.560
We can tell you more
about the surface of the Moon
607
00:31:03.596 --> 00:31:07.564
than we can the surface
underneath our own oceans.
608
00:31:09.768 --> 00:31:12.402
NARRATOR:
Our scientific understanding
609
00:31:12.438 --> 00:31:14.238
of the internal structure
of the Earth
610
00:31:14.273 --> 00:31:18.742
is primarily based
on observations of seismic waves
611
00:31:18.777 --> 00:31:20.878
generated during earthquakes
612
00:31:20.913 --> 00:31:24.748
and knowledge
of Earth's gravitation field.
613
00:31:24.783 --> 00:31:27.751
Since we have not actually
drilled down far enough
614
00:31:27.786 --> 00:31:30.320
to confirm these findings,
615
00:31:30.356 --> 00:31:32.356
could it be that we may be wrong
616
00:31:32.391 --> 00:31:36.260
about the composition
of our own Earth?
617
00:31:36.295 --> 00:31:40.297
Some ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,
618
00:31:40.332 --> 00:31:43.934
and suggest that according
to our earliest mythologies,
619
00:31:43.969 --> 00:31:47.671
an other Earth might not
be found in the heavens,
620
00:31:47.706 --> 00:31:50.807
but deep within our own planet.
621
00:31:50.843 --> 00:31:54.244
AGNEW: One of the most
consistent themes that we find
622
00:31:54.280 --> 00:31:56.747
in ancient cultures,
when we travel around the world,
623
00:31:56.782 --> 00:32:00.117
is the idea that there is
another world,
624
00:32:00.152 --> 00:32:04.187
another Earth,
inside of the planet.
625
00:32:04.223 --> 00:32:07.157
One of those is
the Maya tradition.
626
00:32:07.192 --> 00:32:11.161
They have a holy book
called the Popol Vuh.
627
00:32:11.196 --> 00:32:13.830
Inside this book,
it talks about two twin boys
628
00:32:13.866 --> 00:32:16.199
that came up out of the Earth,
629
00:32:16.235 --> 00:32:20.537
and were actually
the first humans on the planet.
630
00:32:20.572 --> 00:32:23.707
And to this day,
they still believe
631
00:32:23.742 --> 00:32:27.144
that life force comes
from inside the planet,
632
00:32:27.179 --> 00:32:29.279
not from outside, in heaven.
633
00:32:29.315 --> 00:32:31.715
The Mayans have this,
634
00:32:31.750 --> 00:32:33.817
the Tibetans have this,
635
00:32:33.852 --> 00:32:36.687
the Hopi Indians have this.
636
00:32:36.722 --> 00:32:38.956
CHILDRESS:
Within Buddhism, there's stories
637
00:32:38.991 --> 00:32:41.792
of a place called Agarta,
or Agarte,
638
00:32:41.827 --> 00:32:43.827
which is an inner world.
639
00:32:43.862 --> 00:32:45.629
And it's inhabited,
too, by people,
640
00:32:45.664 --> 00:32:48.131
and that they are
an advanced race.
641
00:32:48.167 --> 00:32:51.401
And even that they have trains
and vehicles
642
00:32:51.437 --> 00:32:55.238
that are moving
through this inner Earth.
643
00:32:55.274 --> 00:32:59.643
TZADOK: The most ancient
teachings share with us
644
00:32:59.678 --> 00:33:01.912
the shocking revelation
645
00:33:01.947 --> 00:33:04.715
that the Garden of Eden
was on no place
646
00:33:04.750 --> 00:33:06.283
on the face of the Earth,
647
00:33:06.318 --> 00:33:08.852
but rather, the Earth is hollow,
648
00:33:08.887 --> 00:33:11.655
and that the Garden of Eden
649
00:33:11.690 --> 00:33:14.691
is an entire domain
in inner Earth.
650
00:33:14.727 --> 00:33:17.928
So, are these stories literal?
651
00:33:17.963 --> 00:33:20.497
There are those
who believe that they are.
652
00:33:20.532 --> 00:33:22.933
NARRATOR: Is it possible
653
00:33:22.968 --> 00:33:25.535
that an other Earth
can be located
654
00:33:25.571 --> 00:33:28.305
within the confines
of our own planet?
655
00:33:28.340 --> 00:33:32.642
Historically, underground realms
were not relegated
656
00:33:32.678 --> 00:33:34.378
to mere mythology.
657
00:33:34.413 --> 00:33:36.680
Well-respected scientists
658
00:33:36.715 --> 00:33:39.483
and mathematicians
have long speculated
659
00:33:39.518 --> 00:33:43.687
about a theory that became known
as Hollow Earth.
660
00:33:43.722 --> 00:33:45.288
DENNIN:
The scientist Edmond Halley
661
00:33:45.324 --> 00:33:47.290
is most famous
for Halley's Comet.
662
00:33:47.326 --> 00:33:49.559
He was also very interested
in the Earth,
663
00:33:49.595 --> 00:33:52.462
and one of the challenges is,
was trying to figure out
664
00:33:52.498 --> 00:33:54.542
what was the real structure
of the inside of the Earth.
665
00:33:54.566 --> 00:33:58.769
He had a fascinating theory
of not just a hollow Earth,
666
00:33:58.804 --> 00:34:00.904
but a Earth with multiple layers
667
00:34:00.939 --> 00:34:02.806
and many different atmospheres
668
00:34:02.841 --> 00:34:05.575
with many different layers
of land and earth,
669
00:34:05.611 --> 00:34:09.513
circling and being concentric
as you went towards the center.
670
00:34:09.548 --> 00:34:12.816
NARRATOR: 75 years later,
671
00:34:12.851 --> 00:34:16.530
18th century mathematician
Leonhard Euler
672
00:34:16.880 --> 00:34:18.455
put forth his own
Hollow Earth theory,
673
00:34:18.490 --> 00:34:20.524
with no concentric shells
674
00:34:20.559 --> 00:34:24.828
and a sun at the center,
spanning 600 miles.
675
00:34:24.863 --> 00:34:27.764
AGNEW: Euler was
a gifted mathematician.
676
00:34:27.800 --> 00:34:30.100
He developed this idea
677
00:34:30.135 --> 00:34:33.703
that the planet, Earth,
is not only hollow
678
00:34:33.739 --> 00:34:37.740
but the poles
are actually thinned.
679
00:34:37.109 --> 00:34:40.277
And there are actually entrances
into the inner core
680
00:34:40.312 --> 00:34:44.381
at the North and South Poles
of the Earth.
681
00:34:44.416 --> 00:34:46.750
He imagined that there were
advanced civilizations
682
00:34:46.785 --> 00:34:48.752
living inside the planet.
683
00:34:48.787 --> 00:34:52.756
NARRATOR: Ideas of
an occupied Hollow Earth
684
00:34:52.791 --> 00:34:55.525
would be revisited
nearly two centuries later,
685
00:34:55.561 --> 00:35:00.797
in 1947, when famous polar
explorer Admiral Richard Byrd
686
00:35:00.833 --> 00:35:06.169
flew reconnaissance missions
over the North Pole.
687
00:35:06.205 --> 00:35:09.773
Byrd allegedly reported
in his private journal,
688
00:35:09.808 --> 00:35:12.742
about a mysterious land
beyond the North Pole,
689
00:35:12.778 --> 00:35:16.713
which he called the
Center of the Great Unknown.
690
00:35:16.748 --> 00:35:20.317
AGNEW: Admiral Richard Byrd
was able to fly
691
00:35:20.352 --> 00:35:21.585
to the North Pole and back,
692
00:35:21.620 --> 00:35:24.788
and recorded flying
over lush green areas
693
00:35:24.823 --> 00:35:26.556
where none should have been.
694
00:35:26.592 --> 00:35:29.926
And then, three years later,
he flew over the South Pole.
695
00:35:29.962 --> 00:35:32.462
BARA: It's rumored that
when Admiral Byrd's task force
696
00:35:32.498 --> 00:35:34.131
actually got to Antarctica,
697
00:35:34.166 --> 00:35:35.999
that one of the first things
they discovered
698
00:35:36.340 --> 00:35:40.370
was an entrance
into a Hollow Earth civilization
699
00:35:40.405 --> 00:35:45.642
that was populated
by very, very advanced beings.
700
00:35:45.677 --> 00:35:48.912
Admiral Byrd made
a lot of unusual statements,
701
00:35:48.947 --> 00:35:51.448
including talking about
702
00:35:51.483 --> 00:35:54.284
what he called
a new kind of craft
703
00:35:54.319 --> 00:35:57.200
that could fly
from pole to pole.
704
00:35:57.550 --> 00:36:01.591
This was reported in newspapers
in Chile and Argentina
705
00:36:01.627 --> 00:36:05.128
and ultimately
in English papers, too.
706
00:36:05.164 --> 00:36:07.831
And when Byrd got back
to the United States,
707
00:36:07.866 --> 00:36:09.633
he was brought back
to Washington,
708
00:36:09.668 --> 00:36:12.802
where he was questioned very
heavily about his statements.
709
00:36:12.838 --> 00:36:17.207
And allegedly he was told
to stop talking about this.
710
00:36:18.410 --> 00:36:19.809
NARRATOR: Is it possible
711
00:36:19.845 --> 00:36:21.778
that entrances to another world
712
00:36:21.813 --> 00:36:24.814
can be found
at the Earth's poles?
713
00:36:24.850 --> 00:36:26.550
And if so,
714
00:36:26.585 --> 00:36:30.587
did Admiral Byrd actually pass
through one of them?
715
00:36:30.622 --> 00:36:33.757
According to some
ancient astronaut theorists,
716
00:36:33.792 --> 00:36:36.927
such gateways do exist,
717
00:36:36.962 --> 00:36:39.196
but rather than leading
to inner Earth,
718
00:36:39.231 --> 00:36:43.233
they may be portals
to another dimension.
719
00:36:49.541 --> 00:36:53.109
NARRATOR:
Lively, Ontario, Canada.
720
00:36:57.149 --> 00:37:00.483
Just over one mile deep
underground
721
00:37:00.519 --> 00:37:04.721
is one of the most isolated
physics labs in the world,
722
00:37:04.756 --> 00:37:07.824
SNOLAB.
723
00:37:07.859 --> 00:37:11.661
The facility was built deep
within the Earth
724
00:37:11.697 --> 00:37:15.398
in order to block out
cosmic radiation.
725
00:37:15.434 --> 00:37:17.867
This could allow scientists
to possibly
726
00:37:17.903 --> 00:37:20.704
catch a glimpse of an element
that they are confident
727
00:37:20.739 --> 00:37:23.873
exists throughout the cosmos,
728
00:37:23.909 --> 00:37:27.444
but have been unable to detect.
729
00:37:27.479 --> 00:37:31.448
Physicists claim
that everything we can observe
730
00:37:31.483 --> 00:37:35.452
accounts for less than
five percent of the universe.
731
00:37:35.487 --> 00:37:39.389
What constitutes the rest
is completely unknown,
732
00:37:39.424 --> 00:37:42.325
but is thought to include
a mysterious substance
733
00:37:42.361 --> 00:37:44.894
called dark matter.
734
00:37:46.431 --> 00:37:48.898
We know that most of the matter
in the universe
735
00:37:48.934 --> 00:37:51.368
is not made of atoms
or atomic nuclei.
736
00:37:51.403 --> 00:37:53.360
'S something else entirely.
737
00:37:53.710 --> 00:37:56.873
There's a long list
of what dark matter might be,
738
00:37:56.908 --> 00:37:58.942
and some things
we know about already,
739
00:37:58.977 --> 00:38:00.577
black holes, for example,
740
00:38:00.612 --> 00:38:05.480
that's making up part
of the mass of the universe.
741
00:38:05.830 --> 00:38:06.983
If you look out
in the solar system,
742
00:38:07.190 --> 00:38:10.887
you can see the orbits
of various galaxies, universes,
743
00:38:10.922 --> 00:38:12.856
solar systems, planets,
all of these,
744
00:38:12.891 --> 00:38:15.125
and you can map their orbits,
and you realize
745
00:38:15.160 --> 00:38:17.472
that there's missing matter that
you can't see through light.
746
00:38:17.496 --> 00:38:20.630
This is
what we call dark matter.
747
00:38:23.135 --> 00:38:25.402
NARRATOR:
The existence of dark matter
748
00:38:25.437 --> 00:38:29.339
was not scientifically accepted
until the 1980s.
749
00:38:32.544 --> 00:38:34.144
Since that time,
750
00:38:34.179 --> 00:38:36.120
many scientific speculations
have been made
751
00:38:36.480 --> 00:38:39.115
as to its true nature.
752
00:38:39.151 --> 00:38:41.918
Theories range
from it being the glue
753
00:38:41.953 --> 00:38:44.921
that holds together
the visible universe
754
00:38:44.956 --> 00:38:47.857
to a shadow galaxy
that contains within it
755
00:38:47.893 --> 00:38:51.861
a parallel universe.
756
00:38:51.897 --> 00:38:56.599
One theory is, is that, uh,
the dark matter particles
757
00:38:56.635 --> 00:39:00.770
are particles that are not
really part of this universe.
758
00:39:00.806 --> 00:39:03.840
These hidden dimensions
somehow allows
759
00:39:03.875 --> 00:39:06.900
this dark matter to exist.
760
00:39:06.440 --> 00:39:08.110
It's like a secret room.
761
00:39:08.460 --> 00:39:09.813
You own a big mansion
and it turns out
762
00:39:09.848 --> 00:39:12.749
there's a secret room in it and
you just don't know where it is.
763
00:39:12.784 --> 00:39:16.520
WILCOCK: Scientists are saying
these higher dimensions
764
00:39:16.880 --> 00:39:19.122
may, in fact,
coexist with our own
765
00:39:19.157 --> 00:39:22.926
and could, in fact, represent
habitable layers of reality
766
00:39:22.961 --> 00:39:25.280
that are hidden from us...
767
00:39:25.630 --> 00:39:29.650
A world that is outside of
our physical ability to measure
768
00:39:29.101 --> 00:39:31.701
but that has people
living in it.
769
00:39:31.737 --> 00:39:33.470
And those people
could be coming and going
770
00:39:33.505 --> 00:39:36.573
to our reality all the time.
771
00:39:39.644 --> 00:39:41.845
NARRATOR:
Could an extraterrestrial world
772
00:39:41.880 --> 00:39:45.115
actually be located
in a parallel universe,
773
00:39:45.150 --> 00:39:49.552
hidden within dark matter?
774
00:39:49.588 --> 00:39:53.223
If so, might our
current scientific exploration
775
00:39:53.258 --> 00:39:55.992
of dark matter
lead us to discover
776
00:39:56.270 --> 00:39:59.763
that we are not alone
in the cosmos?
777
00:40:04.669 --> 00:40:08.605
But whether an other Earth
exists in another dimension...
778
00:40:08.640 --> 00:40:11.740
under our feet...
779
00:40:11.109 --> 00:40:14.177
or in a distant galaxy...
780
00:40:14.212 --> 00:40:19.315
What would its discovery mean
for the future of humanity?
781
00:40:19.351 --> 00:40:22.719
YOUNG: If we were to discover
the other Earth,
782
00:40:22.754 --> 00:40:25.622
the place we have sought,
the missing world,
783
00:40:25.657 --> 00:40:29.559
it would be profoundly humbling.
784
00:40:29.594 --> 00:40:33.963
So this would be quite
a paradigm shift.
785
00:40:33.999 --> 00:40:37.834
History would change
in a very major way.
786
00:40:37.869 --> 00:40:41.137
WILLIAM HENRY: If we were
to find another planet
787
00:40:41.173 --> 00:40:43.640
with life on it, it would affirm
788
00:40:43.675 --> 00:40:47.430
what spiritual and sacred
traditions have been saying:
789
00:40:47.780 --> 00:40:51.414
That we are, in fact, part
of a larger family
790
00:40:51.450 --> 00:40:53.750
of, perhaps,
other civilizations.
791
00:40:55.520 --> 00:40:57.620
TSOUKALOS:
We have this cosmic origin.
792
00:40:57.656 --> 00:41:01.691
We have this imprint
within all of us
793
00:41:01.726 --> 00:41:05.128
that our origin is out there.
794
00:41:05.163 --> 00:41:08.598
If we discover intelligent life,
795
00:41:08.633 --> 00:41:11.134
the question we then have
to ask,
796
00:41:11.169 --> 00:41:15.805
are those the same people
that visited us in the past?
797
00:41:18.777 --> 00:41:20.977
NARRATOR: Is mankind
on the brink of uncovering
798
00:41:21.120 --> 00:41:25.548
definitive evidence
that we are not alone?
799
00:41:25.584 --> 00:41:28.952
Will we learn that
there is other intelligent life
800
00:41:28.987 --> 00:41:30.653
in the universe,
801
00:41:30.689 --> 00:41:35.592
perhaps far older
and more advanced than humans?
802
00:41:35.627 --> 00:41:38.695
And might
such a discovery force us
803
00:41:38.730 --> 00:41:42.999
to redefine everything we know
about ourselves?
804
00:41:43.340 --> 00:41:45.101
Perhaps, one day soon,
805
00:41:45.136 --> 00:41:48.872
we will find
that there is an other Earth
806
00:41:48.907 --> 00:41:52.642
and not just one, but thousands.
807
00:41:52.677 --> 00:41:56.813
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