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dramatic music

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[Matthew VO] Did you ever     
 imagine that you'd be protesting

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00:00:08,216 --> 00:00:09,843
a right-wing            
         government in Israel?

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No.

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This is not something     
       that we can afford to have.

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[Matthew VO] Benjamin Netanyahu   
 returned to power last year by

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partnering with           
          far-right parties.

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We will not let anyone

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take the democracy         
            away from us!

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[Adam VO] People here are      
 concerned about Israel becoming

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an autocracy.

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It has nothing to          
          do with the court,

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it's just fake news.

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Does anyone notice a difference   
   between what meth used to be

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-and today?             
              -Yeah.

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-For sure.             
               -Yeah.

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[Paola VO] When it         
          comes to supermeth,

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its potency is as much to blame   
 for the crisis as the amount on

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the streets.

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We're at the heart-attack phase   
 of the methamphetamine crisis.

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[Paola] What do those        
     chemicals do to the brain?

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We don't know.

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[Paola VO] Can the system even    
     handle the amount of people?

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dramatic theme music

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[shouting]

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Hoorah!

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[blasts]

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[horns and drums]

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For months, Israelis have been    
 coming out every Saturday night

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here to the streets of Tel Aviv   
 and cities across the country to

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protest the new           
       far-right government.

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As it gets close to         
 passing major judicial reforms,

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the protests are growing      
        in size and intensity.

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[cheers]

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[Matthew VO] These protestors   
      are outraged by the current

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government, and fear that its   
 recent attempts to exert control

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over the country's Supreme Court 
     signal a rapid shift towards

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authoritarianism.

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Why have you come out        
       here to protest today?

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We will not let anyone

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take the democracy         
           away from us,

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because it's             
       written in our blood!

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[chanting and singing]

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[sirens]

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[Matthew VO] After being      
     forced out of office in 2021,

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and despite fighting        
         corruption charges,

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Benjamin Netanyahu returned to    
 power last year by partnering

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with far-right parties,       
 representing ultra-nationalists

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and religious fundamentalists.

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[Matthew VO] It's considered    
 the most extremist government in

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Israel's history, and the      
 judicial reforms it's pursuing

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would allow it to push its     
      agenda on the rest of the

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country, and could         
 threaten Israel's relationship

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with the US.

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In Israel, a country with     
       no written constitution,

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the Supreme Court         
         plays a pivotal role.

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Judges are selected by a      
      committee that reflects the

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secular political establishment   
 that has dominated politics in

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the country since         
         its creation in 1948.

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But the newly-elected government 
 argues the judiciary is forcing

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a liberal agenda on the country.

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It wants to give elected      
      officials more control over

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judge selection and the ability   
 to cancel court rulings with a

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simple majority in parliament.

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Even right-wing leaders       
      like former prime minister

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Ehud Olmert are          
          sounding the alarm.

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[Matthew VO] Olmert         
 oversaw two controversial wars,

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and was convicted on        
 corruption charges of his own.

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But today, he's protesting     
 against the hardcore nationalism

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that defined his career.

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Did you ever                 
 imagine that, one day,

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you'd be out in                
 the streets protesting

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a right-wing                  
 government in Israel?

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[Ehud] No.

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I never thought that I       
      will demonstrate against

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a government             
       policy that is aiming

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at changing the           
    fundamental basic principles

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of our democracy.

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How is this government changing   
 fundamentally the principles of

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-democracy?             
        -Trying to, trying.

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Here, you are talking about 
        political appointments --

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like taking someone from      
       a branch of a party --

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and sharing the appointments    
     of Supreme Court justices,

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which will break down    
         entirely the significance

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of the Supreme Court of       
      Israel and the impact,

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particularly in defense of the 
    human rights and civil rights

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of the average           
          Israeli citizen.

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[Matthew VO] Politicians      
      like Olmert aren't the only

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conservative Israelis       
         demonstrating against

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Netanyahu's new government.

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[Matthew VO] Each week, Einat   
      Halevy Levin celebrates the

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Sabbath holiday with her family.

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She considers herself firmly on   
 the right of Israeli politics,

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but is now leading protests     
 against Netanyahu's government

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within the conservative       
      community of Beit Shemesh.

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Beit Shemesh is a right-wing and 
   religiously-conservative area.

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Why are you choosing to hold      
 a protest in that community?

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I'm a religious           
        and orthodox woman.

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I come from a very         
          right-wing family,

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and still, me and, like, many    
    other people from religious

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modern orthodox thinks       
        this is wrong things,

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what's going on --         
       what the government does.

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So it's not about right or left.

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We believe what's going on now,   
 it's completely against Judaism.

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[horns and chanting]

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[cheers and applause]

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[Matthew VO] Israel's        
     ultra-orthodox community has

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grown in recent decades, and    
 represents a significant group

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within Netanyahu's         
         governing coalition.

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Why have you come out here to    
   protest against these people

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across the street?

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[Matthew VO] Much of the      
 conflict between Jewish Israelis

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today stems from those who want   
     to keep the state Jewish but

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mostly secular, and        
          the ultra-orthodox,

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who want it to           
        become more religious.

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But the Israeli Right is not    
 only made up of the religiously

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devout.

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Netanyahu's coalition includes    
     extreme nationalists as top

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ministers, and           
        members of the Knesset,

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Israel's parliament, like Itamar 
     Ben-Gvir and Simcha Rothman,

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who want to aggressively      
     expand Israeli settlements in

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Palestinian territories that    
     Israel's occupied since 1967.

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Ben-Gvir has been convicted of    
 supporting an anti-Palestinian

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terrorist group and barred from   
 serving in the military over his

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extremist views.

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Today, he's Israel's        
 Minister of National Security.

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[Matthew VO] They're leading    
     the fastest-growing political

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parties in Israel, and see the    
 courts as the key to securing

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settlements in the         
         occupied territories.

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We're here outside         
   Israel's Knesset in Jerusalem,

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where thousands of people are    
 gathering to show their support

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for the government.

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Since opposition protests      
 started just a few months ago,

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this is the biggest protest     
     held by right-wing Israelis.

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We are standing--          
   standing with our government,

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our prime minister,         
          and our land --

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the land of Israel,         
      by the law of The Bible!

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By the law of The Bible!

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[Matthew VO] With          
 ultra-nationalists holding the

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reins of power, settler violence 
     against Palestinians is at an

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all-time high.

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After two Israeli settlers were   
 killed by a Palestinian gunman

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in February, settlers stormed     
 the Palestinian town of Huwara

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on the West Bank,         
     killing one and injuring 100.

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In the wake of the violence,

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finance minister Bezalel      
      Smotrich suggested that the

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government should pick up      
     where the settlers left off.

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[Matthew VO] Motaz Al Deek is   
     a Palestinian who's lived his

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entire life in Huwara.

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He was at his candy shop when he 
 heard his home was under attack.

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[Matthew VO] As Israeli      
      politics grow more extreme,

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Palestinians fear they will    
     continue to bear the brunt of

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the fallout.

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Many of the             
      country's top politicians,

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including Simcha Rothman, live    
 in Israeli settlements in the

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occupied territories.

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Rothman is a far-right       
        member of parliament,

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and the architect of the      
       coalition's Supreme Court

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reforms.

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00:09:57,430 --> 00:10:01,017
There are many people that feel   
 that the judicial branch of the

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00:10:01,058 --> 00:10:03,561
government,             
     unchecked and unbalanced,

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00:10:03,603 --> 00:10:07,356
gives them the feeling of 
         second-class citizens --

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that they vote and the       
         vote don't matter.

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We cannot accept          
         it in a democracy.

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It's about individual rights.

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Many Israelis we've spoken      
 to say that they enjoy certain

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democratic protections            
 because of the court --

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00:10:20,661 --> 00:10:22,747
you know, when it comes           
    to minority rights,

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00:10:22,788 --> 00:10:25,791
LGBTQ rights, women's rights,     
      freedom of speech --

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00:10:25,833 --> 00:10:28,836
and that your                  
 reforms would erode

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those democratic protections.

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I would say that's a lie.

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One of the first laws that      
   the Knesset has passed was to

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protect equal           
    treatment of the law to women.

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There is no discrimination 
         against women in Israel.

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It has nothing to          
         do with the court.

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00:10:44,685 --> 00:10:46,479
It's just fake news.

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You said you want to take        
 this country in a right-wing

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-direction...            
            -Of course!

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00:10:48,898 --> 00:10:50,316
What does that mean, exactly?

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00:10:50,358 --> 00:10:53,486
I think that what the Left    
     has brought us -- peace-wise,

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just peace agreements-wise --    
 was creating a terrorist state--

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a failed state in Gaza

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and a terrorist state        
       in Judea and Samaria.

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00:11:01,869 --> 00:11:03,996
But a lot of people say that      
 what's standing in the way of

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00:11:04,038 --> 00:11:06,499
peace are settlements in          
 the occupied West Bank--

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00:11:06,540 --> 00:11:07,625
[Simcha] And--

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Settlements like the              
 one that you live in.

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00:11:08,209 --> 00:11:11,796
What disrupted the         
        peace prior to 1948?

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00:11:11,837 --> 00:11:14,674
It's more than 100    
            years that we have it.

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To say that the settlements     
    caused it would have serious

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00:11:18,344 --> 00:11:21,472
questions about what        
 happened before the settlements.

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[Matthew VO] For months,      
     the Biden Administration has

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00:11:23,307 --> 00:11:26,435
unsuccessfully lobbied       
     Netanyahu's coalition to curb

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00:11:26,477 --> 00:11:29,438
the expansion of settlements    
     in the occupied territories,

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00:11:29,480 --> 00:11:33,484
and in March, Netanyahu rebuffed 
       Biden for criticizing his

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00:11:33,526 --> 00:11:35,236
government's judicial reforms.

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Hopefully, the Prime Minister    
   will act in a way that he can

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try to work out some        
        genuine compromise,

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00:11:42,576 --> 00:11:44,704
but that remains to be seen.

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What should the US government    
    do in response to this new

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00:11:48,791 --> 00:11:50,501
Israeli government and            
   the political crisis

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00:11:50,543 --> 00:11:51,711
in this country?

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00:11:51,752 --> 00:11:54,255
Joe Biden is a       
           great friend of Israel.

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So what I expect the President 
    to do is to make a very clear

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00:11:58,968 --> 00:12:02,680
separation between the state of   
 Israel and the people of Israel

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that he will now say he is 
          against the government

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00:12:05,683 --> 00:12:07,226
of Israel.

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Many Israelis see that as the    
   US meddling in this country's

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affairs.

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America spends every year     
   billions of dollars in order to

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00:12:15,109 --> 00:12:20,072
support the state of Israel,    
   so who dares accuse America of

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00:12:20,114 --> 00:12:24,493
offering an opinion about      
   policies which are endangering

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00:12:24,535 --> 00:12:28,622
American interests just as well?

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[Matthew VO] As the US'       
       main ally in the region,

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00:12:31,959 --> 00:12:34,754
the Biden Administration      
 fears the unrest in Israel could

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00:12:34,795 --> 00:12:36,922
destabilize the          
          entire Middle East.

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00:12:36,964 --> 00:12:39,759
But in spite of the        
      international condemnation,

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00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:42,303
the government is still trying    
     to reach a compromise on the

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00:12:42,344 --> 00:12:45,806
reforms, with no          
         resolution in sight.

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00:12:46,098 --> 00:12:49,310
Meanwhile, the extreme Right    
      and ultra-religious remain

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00:12:49,351 --> 00:12:53,606
emboldened, and the opposition    
 is still continuing to protest.

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tense music

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[Adam VO] This is         
        not the Israel we want;

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00:12:56,817 --> 00:12:58,444
this is not the           
          Israel we believe.

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00:12:58,486 --> 00:13:00,321
So when people            
        say that right now,

227
00:13:00,362 --> 00:13:02,865
Israel's democracy is at         
 risk with this government,

228
00:13:02,907 --> 00:13:05,326
would you say            
       that's a real threat?

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00:13:05,367 --> 00:13:06,911
[Adam VO] Israel --        
        for many, many years --

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has been a flawed democracy.

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00:13:08,537 --> 00:13:10,790
But just because you're a flawed 
 democracy doesn't mean it can't

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get any worse!

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00:13:11,582 --> 00:13:14,960
And the people here are       
 concerned about Israel becoming

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00:13:15,002 --> 00:13:16,378
an autocracy.

235
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[shouting and horns blaring]

236
00:13:21,592 --> 00:13:25,221
[chanting and drums]

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tense theme music

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00:13:31,268 --> 00:13:36,315
tense strings

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We're in the state          
       of Sinaloa in Mexico,

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and this entire region is      
     tightly controlled by the

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00:13:42,363 --> 00:13:43,948
Sinaloa cartel.

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And right now, we're on our way   
 to see one of the many meth labs

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00:13:46,617 --> 00:13:48,869
owned by the Sinaloa cartel.

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[Paola VO] Workers in this     
      lab are in a 24-hour shift,

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00:14:03,884 --> 00:14:06,804
racing to meet the demands for    
 methamphetamine on the street,

246
00:14:06,846 --> 00:14:09,139
but like the many meth      
          labs in this region,

247
00:14:09,181 --> 00:14:11,600
they're producing a        
          new, highly-potent,

248
00:14:11,642 --> 00:14:14,979
highly-addictive version      
       known as "supermeth" --

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or P2P.

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00:14:58,939 --> 00:15:01,191
[Paola VO] After crackdowns     
     on meth production in the US

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00:15:01,233 --> 00:15:04,445
started in the mid-2000s,      
 Mexican drug cartels stepped in

252
00:15:04,486 --> 00:15:05,863
to fill the void.

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00:15:05,905 --> 00:15:09,450
They introduced P2P and produced 
      it in industrial labs at a

254
00:15:09,491 --> 00:15:10,868
massive scale.

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00:15:10,910 --> 00:15:15,205
Now, P2P meth has become the    
 most commonly-seized synthetic

256
00:15:15,247 --> 00:15:17,416
drug at border           
 crossings -- more than heroin,

257
00:15:17,458 --> 00:15:19,418
Fentanyl, and cocaine.

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00:15:19,460 --> 00:15:21,503
And when it makes it to      
        the streets in the US,

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00:15:21,545 --> 00:15:24,715
it happens to be one of the    
      cheapest drugs you can buy.

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00:15:24,757 --> 00:15:26,216
tense music

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00:15:26,258 --> 00:15:29,720
The flood of P2P has        
 followed a growing surge in meth

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00:15:29,762 --> 00:15:32,681
consumption and addiction     
      plaguing communities across

263
00:15:32,723 --> 00:15:34,266
the US.

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00:15:34,308 --> 00:15:36,936
In Portland, Oregon, meth     
     has been a problem for years,

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00:15:36,977 --> 00:15:40,439
but this P2P variation is      
     overwhelming the system in a

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00:15:40,481 --> 00:15:41,690
different way.

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[Officer Baer] 'Sup, bro?      
           How you been?

268
00:15:43,108 --> 00:15:44,109
Hey man, are you good?

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00:15:44,151 --> 00:15:45,694
[Officer Baer]                
 You're not overdosing?

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00:15:45,736 --> 00:15:47,112
[Officer Baer]                 
 Right on, take care.

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00:15:47,154 --> 00:15:49,073
[Paola] So we're following     
 the Portland Police Department

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00:15:49,114 --> 00:15:52,451
officers, and they're patrolling 
   the very same streets that are

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flooded with meth that's      
   coming all the way from Mexico.

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00:15:55,162 --> 00:15:56,080
Meth is everywhere here.

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It's cheap.

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It's causing really         
 serious mental health effects,

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00:15:59,166 --> 00:16:03,128
and all of that is a reflection   
   of what this new P2P meth has

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the potential of doing.

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[Officer Baer]            
         Yo, are you good?

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00:16:07,091 --> 00:16:08,133
[Officer Baer] Can I get the      
   thumbs up so I know you're

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00:16:08,175 --> 00:16:09,259
not overdosing?

282
00:16:09,301 --> 00:16:11,135
Are you sure?

283
00:16:11,178 --> 00:16:12,054
All right, man.

284
00:16:12,096 --> 00:16:14,306
Is that Fentanyl or meth?

285
00:16:15,349 --> 00:16:16,976
[Officer Baer]           
               Meth.

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00:16:17,017 --> 00:16:18,686
-[officer] What's that?       
       -[Officer Baer] Meth.

287
00:16:18,727 --> 00:16:20,312
[Officer Baer VO] When       
       I got hired 12 years ago,

288
00:16:20,354 --> 00:16:22,731
meth was of course a thing,    
     but it seems like every year,

289
00:16:22,773 --> 00:16:24,191
it gets worse.

290
00:16:24,233 --> 00:16:26,318
The quantities that we're      
    seeing are just incredible.

291
00:16:26,360 --> 00:16:28,112
[Officer Baer] Could we chill it 
   out on the knife and the drug

292
00:16:28,153 --> 00:16:29,113
use in public?

293
00:16:29,154 --> 00:16:30,280
[Officer Baer]     
              No more calls today.

294
00:16:30,322 --> 00:16:31,281
[Officer Baer] 
                        Okay.

295
00:16:31,323 --> 00:16:32,950
So this is, like, a     
          normal day for you guys?

296
00:16:32,992 --> 00:16:34,117
[Officer Baer] This is       
        actually a slow day.

297
00:16:34,159 --> 00:16:35,327
-This has been really good.     
       -This is a slow day?

298
00:16:35,368 --> 00:16:36,120
[Officer Baer]           
               Yeah.

299
00:16:36,161 --> 00:16:37,162
tense music

300
00:16:37,203 --> 00:16:38,622
[Paola VO] When           
           it comes to P2P,

301
00:16:38,664 --> 00:16:41,625
its potency is driving the     
     crisis as much as the amount

302
00:16:41,666 --> 00:16:42,960
found in the streets.

303
00:16:43,001 --> 00:16:45,337
The police are seeing        
 higher rates of car break-ins,

304
00:16:45,379 --> 00:16:48,132
ER rooms are seeing         
 patients undergoing full-blown

305
00:16:48,173 --> 00:16:52,177
hallucinations, and scientists    
 are seeing the effects P2P has

306
00:16:52,219 --> 00:16:53,470
on the brain.

307
00:16:53,511 --> 00:16:55,972
Eleasa Sokolski is an       
         addiction specialist

308
00:16:56,015 --> 00:16:58,517
at Oregon Health and        
         Science University.

309
00:16:58,559 --> 00:17:01,103
Methamphetamine is          
     known to cause psychosis.

310
00:17:01,145 --> 00:17:03,897
People describe this phenomenon   
     of being locked in their

311
00:17:03,939 --> 00:17:05,024
-heads...              
            -[Paola] Mm.

312
00:17:05,065 --> 00:17:06,775
And having a lot of 
               paranoia and fear.

313
00:17:06,817 --> 00:17:09,153
What exactly does               
 meth do to the brain?

314
00:17:09,194 --> 00:17:13,157
A normal, healthy brain       
     has dopamine transporters.

315
00:17:13,198 --> 00:17:16,535
These are very important for a   
   lot of different functions that

316
00:17:16,577 --> 00:17:17,953
we have.

317
00:17:17,995 --> 00:17:20,330
Even getting up, walking      
 around -- that's all mediated by

318
00:17:20,372 --> 00:17:21,123
dopamine.

319
00:17:21,165 --> 00:17:23,333
So here in the    
                red and the green,

320
00:17:23,375 --> 00:17:25,627
in someone that has been 
           using methamphetamine,

321
00:17:25,669 --> 00:17:28,047
you can see that, 
                 all of a sudden,

322
00:17:28,088 --> 00:17:30,174
we're seeing less of      
      those dopamine transporters.

323
00:17:30,215 --> 00:17:32,009
And this image is          
   someone who has stopped using

324
00:17:32,051 --> 00:17:34,595
methamphetamine; this is a   
       month after their last use.

325
00:17:34,636 --> 00:17:36,180
Okay.

326
00:17:36,221 --> 00:17:37,556
That dopamine system is still 
     being significantly affected.

327
00:17:37,598 --> 00:17:39,850
I mean, yeah, it's two         
 completely different images.

328
00:17:39,892 --> 00:17:41,435
Mm-hm, yeah.

329
00:17:41,477 --> 00:17:43,562
We know that the new chemical    
 essence of this form of meth is

330
00:17:43,604 --> 00:17:44,730
P2P.

331
00:17:44,772 --> 00:17:46,398
What do those               
 chemicals do to the brain?

332
00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:48,025
[Dr. Sokolski] 
                    We don't know.

333
00:17:48,067 --> 00:17:51,570
We don't have good comparative   
   studies of what methamphetamine

334
00:17:51,612 --> 00:17:55,074
looked like before we started    
 seeing more P2P meth compared to

335
00:17:55,115 --> 00:17:58,077
now, and how that     
            affects mental health.

336
00:17:58,494 --> 00:18:01,580
[Paola VO] While scientists    
 don't yet know why P2P addiction

337
00:18:01,622 --> 00:18:05,167
is so relentless, it has been   
      proven to result in faster,

338
00:18:05,209 --> 00:18:07,753
stronger, and            
 more-enduring addiction rates.

339
00:18:07,795 --> 00:18:11,006
As a result, there's a critical   
 need for more treatment programs

340
00:18:11,048 --> 00:18:11,757
across the country.

341
00:18:11,757 --> 00:18:15,385
Bridges to Change is a       
     peer-assisted recovery center

342
00:18:15,427 --> 00:18:18,597
where former addicts offer     
     support to current patients.

343
00:18:18,639 --> 00:18:20,182
[man] We do groups               
 here at this office,

344
00:18:20,224 --> 00:18:21,600
and then you'll be               
 living at the house,

345
00:18:21,642 --> 00:18:23,018
-where you can...          
           -Cool, okay.

346
00:18:23,060 --> 00:18:24,186
[man] It's like a               
 sober community there,

347
00:18:24,228 --> 00:18:26,105
all the guys are                  
 in the program...

348
00:18:26,146 --> 00:18:28,816
[Kevin] Yeah, last time I went   
   to rehab was about a year ago.

349
00:18:28,857 --> 00:18:30,067
I had a psychotic break.

350
00:18:30,109 --> 00:18:31,276
[man] Yeah, I get it.

351
00:18:31,318 --> 00:18:32,611
-Yeah.               
            -[man] Yeah.

352
00:18:32,653 --> 00:18:34,196
I'm glad you're here.

353
00:18:34,238 --> 00:18:36,240
[Paola VO] Kevin is a long-time   
 meth user who's been living out

354
00:18:36,281 --> 00:18:38,075
of his truck for          
         the last six months.

355
00:18:38,117 --> 00:18:41,620
He recently decided to enter    
     treatment for the third time.

356
00:18:41,662 --> 00:18:43,497
When was the first         
        time you tried meth?

357
00:18:43,539 --> 00:18:45,040
It was when I was 18.

358
00:18:45,082 --> 00:18:47,084
My cousin introduced me to it.

359
00:18:47,126 --> 00:18:48,043
How old are you now?

360
00:18:48,085 --> 00:18:49,294
I'm 32 now.

361
00:18:49,336 --> 00:18:50,295
It's been a long time.

362
00:18:50,337 --> 00:18:50,963
[Kevin] Yeah.

363
00:18:51,004 --> 00:18:52,881
I quit for a few years.

364
00:18:52,923 --> 00:18:54,299
I was sober for three years.

365
00:18:54,341 --> 00:18:56,301
When's the last time you used?

366
00:18:56,343 --> 00:18:57,970
[Kevin] Yesterday.

367
00:18:58,011 --> 00:19:00,889
[Paola] Do you know or have you 
   noticed any difference between

368
00:19:00,931 --> 00:19:03,684
the current iteration of meth    
 versus the type of meth that was

369
00:19:03,725 --> 00:19:05,227
on the streets years ago?

370
00:19:05,269 --> 00:19:06,270
-Yeah.                
 -[Paola] Is there a difference?

371
00:19:06,311 --> 00:19:07,437
There's a big difference.

372
00:19:07,479 --> 00:19:08,480
People are going crazy.

373
00:19:08,522 --> 00:19:10,816
You can                 
 hallucinate, you see, like,

374
00:19:10,858 --> 00:19:12,484
"shadow people" is          
        what they call 'em.

375
00:19:12,526 --> 00:19:14,194
I was out here one            
 night and, I swear to God,

376
00:19:14,236 --> 00:19:16,697
these two people were        
 fighting 'cause there was, like,

377
00:19:16,738 --> 00:19:19,283
people in every           
        single car out here,

378
00:19:19,324 --> 00:19:21,869
there was people looking through 
      the windows [laughs] and

379
00:19:21,910 --> 00:19:23,328
there was nobody there.           
         [laughs]

380
00:19:23,370 --> 00:19:24,079
-Mm.                
       -[Kevin] It was crazy.

381
00:19:24,121 --> 00:19:27,249
[Paola] So you were basically 
      seeing people watching you,

382
00:19:27,291 --> 00:19:28,250
but nobody was there?

383
00:19:28,292 --> 00:19:29,668
-Yeah.               
           -[Paola] Yeah.

384
00:19:29,710 --> 00:19:31,336
tense music

385
00:19:31,378 --> 00:19:32,880
[Judge Waller VO]         
            Good afternoon.

386
00:19:32,921 --> 00:19:35,299
Dr. Duncan, who you saw, is     
   recommending that it would be

387
00:19:35,340 --> 00:19:39,136
helpful for you to take      
    some antipsychotic medication.

388
00:19:42,723 --> 00:19:45,309
[Paola VO] Judge Nan Waller     
 oversees mental health court in

389
00:19:45,350 --> 00:19:46,810
Multnomah County.

390
00:19:46,852 --> 00:19:49,688
Here, criminal defendants      
 are assessed to see if they're

391
00:19:49,730 --> 00:19:53,108
mentally fit to stand       
        trial, and most aren't.

392
00:19:53,150 --> 00:19:56,820
P2P meth is now straining an    
     already-overloaded judicial

393
00:19:56,862 --> 00:19:57,988
system.

394
00:19:58,030 --> 00:20:00,824
[Judge Waller] Mr.       
      Jackson, do you hear voices?

395
00:20:00,866 --> 00:20:03,994
Mr. Salsito-Sareta, 
                 I'm over here.

396
00:20:04,036 --> 00:20:06,788
[woman] He was asleep          
 underneath a blanket wrapped

397
00:20:06,830 --> 00:20:07,998
tightly around him,

398
00:20:08,040 --> 00:20:11,877
his soles littered with       
     feces and shredded paper.

399
00:20:12,127 --> 00:20:14,630
He meets hospital     
           level of care criteria.

400
00:20:14,671 --> 00:20:16,548
I'll sign an order for       
       him to be transported

401
00:20:16,590 --> 00:20:19,218
to the Oregon State Hospital.

402
00:20:19,635 --> 00:20:22,721
[Paola] We saw you yesterday    
 for almost more than four hours;

403
00:20:22,763 --> 00:20:23,805
you're extremely busy.

404
00:20:23,847 --> 00:20:25,807
I believe there's more            
   than 60 people here.

405
00:20:25,849 --> 00:20:27,184
Is that a                    
 normal day for you?

406
00:20:27,226 --> 00:20:29,394
That is a normal           
      Tuesday afternoon, yes.

407
00:20:29,436 --> 00:20:32,439
I think a lot of people have no   
 idea what a mental health court

408
00:20:32,481 --> 00:20:33,398
does.

409
00:20:33,440 --> 00:20:34,107
What exactly happens there?

410
00:20:34,149 --> 00:20:36,610
[Judge Waller] Mental        
 Health Court is treatment court.

411
00:20:36,652 --> 00:20:39,446
When somebody has a major mental 
   illness and that major mental

412
00:20:39,488 --> 00:20:42,574
illness interferes with       
    their ability to participate

413
00:20:42,616 --> 00:20:44,409
effectively in           
         their own defense,

414
00:20:44,451 --> 00:20:46,912
at that point, then the goal is 
   to get them the treatment that

415
00:20:46,954 --> 00:20:49,039
they need in order 
                 to restore them.

416
00:20:49,081 --> 00:20:52,292
Everyone has a team -- 
             a probation officer,

417
00:20:52,334 --> 00:20:55,420
a clinical case           
       manager, a therapist,

418
00:20:55,462 --> 00:20:59,091
a prescriber, and then most     
    people also have a substance

419
00:20:59,132 --> 00:21:00,425
abuse provider.

420
00:21:00,467 --> 00:21:03,011
So from the majority              
 of the folks we saw,

421
00:21:03,053 --> 00:21:06,265
it seems like the           
 majority were deemed "unfit."

422
00:21:06,306 --> 00:21:09,226
How much of that                  
 is due to drugs?

423
00:21:09,268 --> 00:21:11,687
We always try to sort it out,    
   because fitness has to do with

424
00:21:11,728 --> 00:21:13,063
-their mental illness.       
          -[Paola] Right.

425
00:21:13,105 --> 00:21:16,608
Drugs have created --    
         especially in Portland --

426
00:21:16,650 --> 00:21:20,404
methamphetamine has         
    created a tremendous impact.

427
00:21:20,445 --> 00:21:23,615
One of the things we've heard    
 is that there's a new version of

428
00:21:23,657 --> 00:21:25,200
meth out in the streets, right?

429
00:21:25,242 --> 00:21:28,245
And scientists have gone as far   
 as saying that this type of meth

430
00:21:28,287 --> 00:21:30,455
causes catastrophic               
 damage to the brain.

431
00:21:30,497 --> 00:21:31,915
Is that something that            
   you're able to tell?

432
00:21:31,957 --> 00:21:35,127
I see people who are--       
 their behavior and their thought

433
00:21:35,168 --> 00:21:37,671
system is so changed.

434
00:21:37,713 --> 00:21:40,632
Unfortunately, getting them into 
 the right level of treatment is

435
00:21:40,674 --> 00:21:42,092
really, really difficult.

436
00:21:42,134 --> 00:21:45,095
Have you noticed an increase      
 in the last couple of years?

437
00:21:45,137 --> 00:21:48,098
Cases have been going    
          up in almost all states,

438
00:21:48,140 --> 00:21:50,142
and I think that           
        probably, you know,

439
00:21:50,183 --> 00:21:52,311
the fact that we have a       
     significant level in many,

440
00:21:52,352 --> 00:21:54,313
many communities   
                of homelessness...

441
00:21:54,354 --> 00:21:55,522
-[Paola] Mm.            
       -It's hard for people.

442
00:21:55,564 --> 00:21:58,942
Can the system even         
    handle the amount of people?

443
00:21:58,984 --> 00:22:00,360
-[Judge Waller] Not right now.   
                -No.

444
00:22:00,402 --> 00:22:01,611
Everyone's trying 
                 to do their best,

445
00:22:01,653 --> 00:22:03,447
but we do not have enough.

446
00:22:03,488 --> 00:22:05,407
-Everything has a waiting list.   
               -Mm.

447
00:22:05,449 --> 00:22:09,453
We end up with people waiting 
         in jail longer than--

448
00:22:09,494 --> 00:22:11,330
you know, to get out        
         into a placement.

449
00:22:11,371 --> 00:22:13,498
I mean, I think that was      
    something that was extremely

450
00:22:13,540 --> 00:22:15,000
clear from yesterday, right?

451
00:22:15,042 --> 00:22:16,835
There's not enough resources     
 to help everyone in the system.

452
00:22:16,877 --> 00:22:18,295
Yes, absolutely.

453
00:22:18,337 --> 00:22:19,671
[Paola] And that was evident      
   from the way people spoke,

454
00:22:19,713 --> 00:22:21,506
some people couldn't            
 even get into hospitals,

455
00:22:21,548 --> 00:22:22,966
you had to dismiss some cases.

456
00:22:23,008 --> 00:22:24,968
So what happens to them?          
     Where do they go?

457
00:22:25,010 --> 00:22:26,345
The street.

458
00:22:26,386 --> 00:22:28,513
And, therefore, potentially       
 back to the original problem

459
00:22:28,555 --> 00:22:28,805
-of--                
        -[Judge Waller] Yes.

460
00:22:28,847 --> 00:22:30,307
Using meth again.

461
00:22:30,349 --> 00:22:32,142
Using meth, not getting       
     treatment for their mental

462
00:22:32,184 --> 00:22:32,851
health.

463
00:22:32,893 --> 00:22:34,311
And that's the vicious cycle?

464
00:22:34,353 --> 00:22:35,771
Yes.

465
00:22:35,812 --> 00:22:39,149
[Paola VO] The consequences for   
 P2P users are rapidly becoming

466
00:22:39,191 --> 00:22:40,692
catastrophic.

467
00:22:40,734 --> 00:22:43,862
Research shows that yearly     
 meth-related death overdoses are

468
00:22:43,904 --> 00:22:46,740
almost four times          
         higher than in 2015,

469
00:22:46,782 --> 00:22:49,993
and women in particular are    
     more at risk for severe abuse

470
00:22:50,035 --> 00:22:51,495
patterns.

471
00:22:51,536 --> 00:22:53,705
At the Mental Health and      
 Addiction Association of Oregon,

472
00:22:53,747 --> 00:22:56,583
we met with a group of       
 former meth addicts in recovery.

473
00:22:56,625 --> 00:23:00,545
Does anyone here notice a      
    difference between what meth

474
00:23:00,587 --> 00:23:02,923
used to be back in         
         the day and today?

475
00:23:02,964 --> 00:23:03,548
-[man] Yeah.            
             -For sure.

476
00:23:03,590 --> 00:23:05,092
Yeah.

477
00:23:05,133 --> 00:23:06,510
Nowadays, they're just mass     
 producing it like it's nothing,

478
00:23:06,551 --> 00:23:09,096
so you don't know what you're    
 gonna get in one part of it that

479
00:23:09,137 --> 00:23:10,347
you're not gonna get in another.

480
00:23:10,389 --> 00:23:13,350
They've started putting       
 chemicals in the drugs that does

481
00:23:13,392 --> 00:23:15,936
something to your brain       
 chemistry that's different than

482
00:23:15,977 --> 00:23:17,396
it was back then.

483
00:23:17,437 --> 00:23:18,814
In my addiction, I was walking    
    down the street talking to

484
00:23:18,855 --> 00:23:20,524
people that wasn't         
         even there, okay?

485
00:23:20,565 --> 00:23:22,401
I mean             
       full-fledged conversations.

486
00:23:22,442 --> 00:23:25,987
I did stupid things because of    
   people telling me what to do

487
00:23:26,029 --> 00:23:27,197
that wasn't there.

488
00:23:27,239 --> 00:23:28,573
How did it affect you?

489
00:23:28,615 --> 00:23:30,367
[woman] My           
      psychosis was pretty severe.

490
00:23:30,409 --> 00:23:32,744
I was hearing lots    
             of voices in my head,

491
00:23:32,786 --> 00:23:34,579
I was seeing things         
        that weren't there.

492
00:23:34,621 --> 00:23:38,417
I spent three years obsessing 
     over our surveillance cameras

493
00:23:38,458 --> 00:23:39,751
that we had around our home.

494
00:23:39,793 --> 00:23:43,046
When I met her, she had       
      a spear and a hatchet,

495
00:23:43,088 --> 00:23:45,382
and literally was               
 like, "Stab the walls,

496
00:23:45,424 --> 00:23:46,591
'cause there's            
       people in the walls."

497
00:23:46,633 --> 00:23:47,759
[woman] I believed it.

498
00:23:47,801 --> 00:23:48,927
With everything,    
              with my whole heart,

499
00:23:48,969 --> 00:23:51,179
I believed what I                
 was seeing was real.

500
00:23:51,221 --> 00:23:53,098
-I still question sometimes.    
              -Me too.

501
00:23:53,140 --> 00:23:54,433
-Like, still.            
            -Sometimes.

502
00:23:54,474 --> 00:23:56,435
Like, "I know some of 
             that shit was real!"

503
00:23:56,476 --> 00:23:57,227
[chuckling] Like,          
       you know what I mean?

504
00:23:57,227 --> 00:23:59,980
Yeah, to this day, I don't know   
 what was real and what wasn't.

505
00:24:00,021 --> 00:24:03,024
I think this group is a       
 reflection of the fact that you

506
00:24:03,066 --> 00:24:04,943
-can recover, right?        
               -Yeah.

507
00:24:04,985 --> 00:24:06,611
[Paola] You can get               
 to the other side.

508
00:24:06,653 --> 00:24:08,071
How did you do it, right?

509
00:24:08,113 --> 00:24:09,531
There's a lot of people that    
     don't believe that this is

510
00:24:09,573 --> 00:24:11,032
possible.

511
00:24:11,074 --> 00:24:12,617
Especially considering what     
    the drug does to your brain,

512
00:24:12,659 --> 00:24:13,785
how did you guys do it?

513
00:24:13,827 --> 00:24:16,204
-Stable housing, support...     
             -Support.

514
00:24:16,246 --> 00:24:17,164
Community...

515
00:24:17,205 --> 00:24:18,707
[man] You gotta have support.

516
00:24:18,748 --> 00:24:21,960
If you just come in by yourself   
   and you're alone and there's

517
00:24:22,002 --> 00:24:25,297
nobody to talk to and-- 
              you're gonna run.

518
00:24:25,338 --> 00:24:26,590
Everybody's gotta                 
 start somewhere,

519
00:24:26,631 --> 00:24:29,885
and that's what people need to    
 do is give more people chances.

520
00:24:29,926 --> 00:24:30,969
Yeah.

521
00:24:31,011 --> 00:24:32,554
tense music

522
00:24:32,596 --> 00:24:34,973
[Paola VO] As the meth industry   
 evolves and new compounds like

523
00:24:35,015 --> 00:24:38,435
P2P decimate the streets,     
     meth is still overlooked as a

524
00:24:38,477 --> 00:24:39,811
national problem.

525
00:24:39,853 --> 00:24:42,898
Sharon Meieran is an ER      
        doctor and commissioner

526
00:24:42,939 --> 00:24:44,232
in Multnomah County.

527
00:24:44,274 --> 00:24:46,651
From a national perspective,     
 it seems like the media and the

528
00:24:46,693 --> 00:24:49,988
government is specifically     
   focused on the opioid epidemic.

529
00:24:50,030 --> 00:24:51,448
Yeah.

530
00:24:51,490 --> 00:24:53,617
Should they start refocusing 
      efforts on this meth crisis?

531
00:24:53,658 --> 00:24:58,497
Well, we were starting to        
 finally get a handle on some

532
00:24:58,538 --> 00:25:01,583
of the opioid epidemic,       
     but as it was going down,

533
00:25:01,625 --> 00:25:03,877
suddenly, we're seeing       
        the increase in meth

534
00:25:03,919 --> 00:25:05,629
and the increase in Fentanyl.

535
00:25:05,670 --> 00:25:09,424
Are meth users being       
     prioritized by the system the

536
00:25:09,466 --> 00:25:10,467
way that they should be?

537
00:25:10,509 --> 00:25:11,968
[chuckling] No!

538
00:25:12,010 --> 00:25:14,262
There was a time where we were    
   seeing the old meth go down,

539
00:25:14,304 --> 00:25:16,473
'cause actually,          
      Oregon got on top of it.

540
00:25:16,515 --> 00:25:19,017
And then, there's a little lull, 
 and then we started to see meth

541
00:25:19,059 --> 00:25:21,269
increase and...

542
00:25:21,311 --> 00:25:22,521
different meth, yeah.

543
00:25:22,562 --> 00:25:24,648
It was very different.

544
00:25:24,689 --> 00:25:27,651
Would you say are we in the 
       middle of a meth crisis...

545
00:25:27,692 --> 00:25:29,611
-[Sharon] [laughs]         
    -Or is the system in crisis?

546
00:25:29,653 --> 00:25:33,532
It's both, but we're definitely   
 at the heart-attack phase of the

547
00:25:33,573 --> 00:25:35,700
methamphetamine crisis.

548
00:25:35,742 --> 00:25:39,329
tense music

549
00:25:39,371 --> 00:25:41,873
[drilling]

550
00:25:41,915 --> 00:25:43,041
-[Paola] You look better.      
         -Yeah? [chuckles]

551
00:25:43,083 --> 00:25:44,709
-[Paola] You look good.       
             -Thanks.

552
00:25:44,751 --> 00:25:46,711
[Paola VO] Two weeks        
       after entering recovery,

553
00:25:46,753 --> 00:25:49,881
we met with Kevin at his      
      job just outside Portland.

554
00:25:49,923 --> 00:25:50,882
[Paola] Do you feel better?

555
00:25:50,924 --> 00:25:52,133
[Kevin] I do, yeah.

556
00:25:52,175 --> 00:25:54,052
I'm just getting my         
        life back on track.

557
00:25:54,094 --> 00:25:55,053
[Paola] Are you still clean?

558
00:25:55,095 --> 00:25:56,680
Yeah, I'm still clean.

559
00:25:56,721 --> 00:25:59,140
I live in a sober house and I   
      have a lot of great support

560
00:25:59,182 --> 00:25:59,599
there.

561
00:25:59,641 --> 00:26:01,560
It's a great group of people.

562
00:26:01,601 --> 00:26:03,436
[Paola VO] What's been the     
      most helpful thing so far?

563
00:26:03,478 --> 00:26:04,604
-[Kevin VO] Talking, honestly.    
         -[Paola VO] Talking?

564
00:26:04,646 --> 00:26:06,231
[Kevin VO] Yeah.

565
00:26:06,273 --> 00:26:07,857
People that understand what    
 I'm going through that have been

566
00:26:07,899 --> 00:26:10,277
through it,             
         that support system,

567
00:26:10,318 --> 00:26:12,487
I don't think anybody       
        could do it without it.

568
00:26:12,529 --> 00:26:14,698
[Paola] What do you hope     
    sobriety is going to give you?

569
00:26:14,739 --> 00:26:16,741
Everything I had.          
            [chuckles]

570
00:26:16,783 --> 00:26:19,703
My family, my schooling, my job.

571
00:26:19,744 --> 00:26:22,706
But ultimately, I hope       
        it gives me happiness

572
00:26:22,747 --> 00:26:24,541
and just a little         
         bit of peace of mind.

573
00:26:24,583 --> 00:26:27,377
[Paola] Is there any advice     
     you'd give to someone that's

574
00:26:27,419 --> 00:26:29,713
a meth user right now but 
          that really wants to be

575
00:26:29,754 --> 00:26:30,714
where you're at?

576
00:26:30,755 --> 00:26:31,923
Just don't give up.

577
00:26:31,965 --> 00:26:36,511
It's hard, but nothing        
   that's worthwhile comes easy.

578
00:26:36,553 --> 00:26:39,180
One of the             
        hardest things to face.

579
00:26:39,222 --> 00:26:41,349
It could take over your life.

580
00:26:41,391 --> 00:26:43,768
I don't think it ever        
        goes away for anybody.

581
00:26:43,810 --> 00:26:45,937
You know, they say "Once an    
      addict, always an addict."

582
00:26:45,979 --> 00:26:48,106
It's true.

583
00:26:48,148 --> 00:26:50,483
You take it one day at a time.

584
00:26:55,822 --> 00:27:00,619
moody electronic music