1
00:00:05,046 --> 00:00:07,841
[Isobel]   In Afghanistan,      
        the U.S. spent billions

2
00:00:07,882 --> 00:00:10,802
trying to eradicate        
        the illegal drug trade.

3
00:00:10,844 --> 00:00:12,303
The Taliban say          
      they're gonna crack down

4
00:00:12,345 --> 00:00:13,680
on the drug trade.

5
00:00:14,097 --> 00:00:18,351
[person]              
        speaking native language

6
00:00:18,393 --> 00:00:19,561
[Isobel]   The country        
            at the moment is

7
00:00:19,602 --> 00:00:21,187
in an economic crisis.

8
00:00:21,229 --> 00:00:22,522
Do you feel angry

9
00:00:22,564 --> 00:00:24,357
at the international       
               community?

10
00:00:24,399 --> 00:00:25,525
Do you feel            
     like you've been abandoned?

11
00:00:25,567 --> 00:00:26,901
[all praying]

12
00:00:26,943 --> 00:00:28,236
dramatic music

13
00:00:28,278 --> 00:00:29,696
[Vegas]   Police use of force has

14
00:00:29,738 --> 00:00:31,740
a long, contentious history    
              in the U.S.

15
00:00:31,781 --> 00:00:33,700
Is there a dynamic        
        that makes it difficult

16
00:00:33,742 --> 00:00:35,869
to report police misconduct?

17
00:00:35,910 --> 00:00:37,912
It is bullshit.          
         It's absolute crap.

18
00:00:37,954 --> 00:00:39,080
[trainer] Give me your arm.

19
00:00:39,122 --> 00:00:40,874
[officer] If I correct       
             my partner,

20
00:00:40,915 --> 00:00:42,167
he gets upset.

21
00:00:42,208 --> 00:00:43,668
[Charmaine]            
        The blue wall of silence

22
00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:46,253
is tolerated from the top.

23
00:00:46,296 --> 00:00:49,049
Step up and step in.

24
00:00:50,508 --> 00:00:53,595
dramatic music

25
00:01:09,527 --> 00:01:12,405
tense music

26
00:01:16,951 --> 00:01:20,080
[siren wailing]

27
00:01:23,083 --> 00:01:24,584
[Isobel] We're with a team     
    right now that's heading out

28
00:01:24,626 --> 00:01:28,046
on a night raid with        
    the Taliban security forces.

29
00:01:28,088 --> 00:01:30,215
We're heading to an area      
            that is known

30
00:01:30,256 --> 00:01:32,425
to have a lot of drug addicts.

31
00:01:32,467 --> 00:01:35,261
What they're planning to do is 
       to forcibly round them up

32
00:01:35,303 --> 00:01:38,639
and take them to a hospital    
             for treatment.

33
00:01:39,681 --> 00:01:40,975
It's a lot of Taliban       
         securing this area.

34
00:01:42,685 --> 00:01:44,062
This is a big operation.

35
00:01:44,104 --> 00:01:45,271
You got a lot of men.       
       You got a lot of guns.

36
00:01:45,313 --> 00:01:48,149
[soldier]             
        speaking native language

37
00:01:51,820 --> 00:01:53,947
[Isobel]   Dr. Ahmad Zahir      
             Sultani works

38
00:01:53,988 --> 00:01:56,950
with the Taliban to round up   
        hundreds of drug addicts

39
00:01:56,991 --> 00:01:59,494
scattered across Kabul.

40
00:01:59,536 --> 00:02:02,412
He runs the largest        
     drug rehab center in the city,

41
00:02:02,455 --> 00:02:04,374
but he's fighting         
           an uphill battle.

42
00:02:04,415 --> 00:02:06,334
Oh, wow, there's          
      so many people down here.

43
00:02:06,835 --> 00:02:08,920
[Ahmad]              
        speaking native language

44
00:02:08,962 --> 00:02:11,089
[addict]              
        speaking native language

45
00:02:11,131 --> 00:02:13,967
[Ahmad]              
        speaking native language

46
00:02:18,012 --> 00:02:19,472
[Isobel] They're using       
      heroin and meth together?

47
00:02:26,813 --> 00:02:28,273
[Isobel] What are you smoking?

48
00:02:28,314 --> 00:02:30,441
[addict]              
        speaking native language

49
00:02:30,483 --> 00:02:33,027
-[Isobel] Heroin?         
       -speaking native language

50
00:02:33,069 --> 00:02:35,363
[both]               
        speaking native language

51
00:02:37,740 --> 00:02:40,451
[Isobel] He's an old patient?

52
00:02:40,493 --> 00:02:42,162
[Isobel] Oh, wow.         
        And he's using again?

53
00:02:43,079 --> 00:02:44,831
[Isobel] He's relapsed.

54
00:02:44,873 --> 00:02:47,458
No, how many people have      
    already come to your clinic?

55
00:02:47,500 --> 00:02:49,169
speaking native language

56
00:02:53,923 --> 00:02:56,217
[soldier]             
        speaking native language

57
00:02:56,259 --> 00:02:59,470
speaking native language

58
00:03:03,224 --> 00:03:05,977
-   speaking native language     
     -[Isobel] Whoa, whoa, whoa.

59
00:03:09,814 --> 00:03:11,691
You can hear            
      the Taliban going around

60
00:03:11,733 --> 00:03:13,443
beating people, kicking them,   
        tying their hands up,

61
00:03:13,484 --> 00:03:15,028
and getting them on the bus.

62
00:03:16,487 --> 00:03:20,283
[all]   speaking native language

63
00:03:29,250 --> 00:03:30,710
[Isobel]   These users        
            have a seemingly

64
00:03:30,752 --> 00:03:33,463
endless supply          
           of illicit drugs.

65
00:03:33,963 --> 00:03:36,549
For decades,           
   U.S. and NATO forces spent

66
00:03:36,591 --> 00:03:38,051
billions of dollars

67
00:03:38,092 --> 00:03:40,762
trying to eradicate opium     
            in Afghanistan.

68
00:03:40,803 --> 00:03:43,348
Nothing worked.

69
00:03:43,389 --> 00:03:45,892
Instead,             
         production has boomed.

70
00:03:45,934 --> 00:03:50,230
In 2021, 438,000 acres      
        of poppies were planted,

71
00:03:50,271 --> 00:03:52,065
yielding enough opium       
               to produce

72
00:03:52,106 --> 00:03:56,569
up to 650 tons of heroin     
            sold worldwide.

73
00:03:56,611 --> 00:03:58,071
Throughout their insurgency,

74
00:03:58,112 --> 00:03:59,697
the Taliban harnessed       
              this trade

75
00:03:59,739 --> 00:04:02,492
to finance their rise       
     and eventual return to power.

76
00:04:02,533 --> 00:04:04,827
[both]               
        speaking native language

77
00:04:04,869 --> 00:04:07,538
[Isobel]   Now almost a year     
        after the Taliban seized

78
00:04:07,580 --> 00:04:09,165
control of the country,

79
00:04:09,207 --> 00:04:11,751
they're eager to launder     
            their reputation

80
00:04:11,793 --> 00:04:14,504
and have recently banned     
        the drug trade outright.

81
00:04:14,545 --> 00:04:16,256
Addicts are increasingly     
               being sent

82
00:04:16,297 --> 00:04:19,842
to rehabilitation centers,    
           or worse, prison.

83
00:04:19,884 --> 00:04:21,427
[indistinct chatter]

84
00:04:21,469 --> 00:04:24,389
percussive music

85
00:04:28,810 --> 00:04:29,894
[Isobel] So we're just heading

86
00:04:29,936 --> 00:04:31,271
towards Helmand Province      
             right now.

87
00:04:31,312 --> 00:04:33,523
This is where the majority

88
00:04:33,564 --> 00:04:36,025
of Afghanistan's opium       
              is grown.

89
00:04:36,067 --> 00:04:37,944
And it's causing major issues   
          for the population.

90
00:04:40,446 --> 00:04:43,366
[vendor]              
        speaking native language

91
00:04:46,202 --> 00:04:48,454
So this looks like a pretty    
       standard Afghan market.

92
00:04:48,496 --> 00:04:50,581
You got bars of soap.       
    You got a lot of vegetables.

93
00:04:50,623 --> 00:04:53,835
You got a lot           
      of livestock being sold.

94
00:04:53,876 --> 00:04:55,128
And then here           
      on the side of the road,

95
00:04:55,169 --> 00:04:57,171
you got bags and bags       
            full of opium

96
00:04:57,213 --> 00:04:59,132
just being sold          
          out in the open.

97
00:04:59,173 --> 00:05:01,175
[vendor]              
        speaking native language

98
00:05:01,217 --> 00:05:02,510
[Isobel]              
    What is this you're selling?

99
00:05:02,552 --> 00:05:04,721
speaking native language

100
00:05:04,762 --> 00:05:06,472
Can I have a look inside?

101
00:05:06,514 --> 00:05:09,058
speaking native language     
             [chuckles]

102
00:05:09,100 --> 00:05:10,601
[Isobel]              
     How much is this bag worth?

103
00:05:10,643 --> 00:05:13,438
speaking native language

104
00:05:13,479 --> 00:05:15,064
[Isobel] Who is it         
       that's buying all this?

105
00:05:15,106 --> 00:05:17,984
[vendor]              
        speaking native language

106
00:05:18,026 --> 00:05:20,653
The Taliban say they're gonna   
    crack down on the drug trade.

107
00:05:20,695 --> 00:05:22,822
Have you experienced that     
               at all?

108
00:05:22,864 --> 00:05:25,533
speaking native language

109
00:05:38,338 --> 00:05:40,256
The economy is           
        very, very difficult

110
00:05:40,298 --> 00:05:42,133
right now in Afghanistan.

111
00:05:42,175 --> 00:05:44,677
Are more people selling opium   
          because of that?

112
00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:48,848
speaking native language

113
00:06:05,031 --> 00:06:07,283
[Isobel]   Before the Taliban    
      returned to power last year,

114
00:06:07,325 --> 00:06:11,496
foreign aid made up 45%      
         of Afghanistan's GDP.

115
00:06:11,537 --> 00:06:13,456
Those funds have largely     
               vanished,

116
00:06:13,498 --> 00:06:15,333
while sanctions          
           against the regime

117
00:06:15,375 --> 00:06:17,293
for their human rights record   
               have left

118
00:06:17,335 --> 00:06:19,337
the country's banking sector   
                crippled

119
00:06:19,379 --> 00:06:21,214
and frozen billions        
           of dollars' worth

120
00:06:21,254 --> 00:06:22,924
of Afghanistan's         
             assets abroad.

121
00:06:25,593 --> 00:06:27,011
Left with few options,

122
00:06:27,052 --> 00:06:29,347
farmers continue to sell     
              their opium,

123
00:06:29,389 --> 00:06:32,058
the deadly precursor       
               to heroin.

124
00:06:34,602 --> 00:06:38,231
soft music

125
00:06:38,272 --> 00:06:39,565
[Isobel]              
       So what are you doing?

126
00:06:39,607 --> 00:06:41,901
[farmer]              
        speaking native language

127
00:06:47,073 --> 00:06:48,741
[Isobel] How can you tell     
      that this is good or not?

128
00:06:48,783 --> 00:06:51,619
[farmer]              
        speaking native language

129
00:06:58,126 --> 00:06:59,419
And what's it           
       supposed to smell like?

130
00:06:59,460 --> 00:07:01,337
'Cause it smells very strong.

131
00:07:01,379 --> 00:07:03,589
[farmer]              
        speaking native language

132
00:07:06,217 --> 00:07:08,427
Is that what you use        
         to treat your flu?

133
00:07:08,469 --> 00:07:11,305
speaking native language

134
00:07:11,347 --> 00:07:12,765
[Isobel]              
     So is this ready to use now

135
00:07:12,807 --> 00:07:14,350
or does it now get turned     
        into something else?

136
00:07:14,392 --> 00:07:17,270
[farmer]              
        speaking native language

137
00:07:21,649 --> 00:07:22,817
[Isobel]              
       Over the last 20 years,

138
00:07:22,859 --> 00:07:25,236
the Taliban have been       
           in insurgency.

139
00:07:25,278 --> 00:07:29,782
How much has the opium trade    
     helped the Taliban survive?

140
00:07:29,824 --> 00:07:32,452
[farmer]              
        speaking native language

141
00:07:42,503 --> 00:07:44,130
[Isobel]   The Taliban now say

142
00:07:44,172 --> 00:07:47,258
that growing and processing    
          opium is un-Islamic.

143
00:07:47,300 --> 00:07:49,302
But their recent crackdown    
        on the trade could have

144
00:07:49,343 --> 00:07:52,805
real impact on a desperately   
          struggling economy.

145
00:07:52,847 --> 00:07:57,393
In 2021, opiates accounted    
       for $1.8 to $2.7 billion,

146
00:07:57,435 --> 00:08:00,396
according to the UN's office   
          on drugs and crime.

147
00:08:00,980 --> 00:08:03,106
More than half the population   
              doesn't have

148
00:08:03,149 --> 00:08:04,649
enough food to eat,

149
00:08:04,692 --> 00:08:07,069
with an estimated         
         three million children

150
00:08:07,110 --> 00:08:09,572
at risk              
        of severe malnutrition.

151
00:08:09,614 --> 00:08:11,949
Health clinics are overflowing

152
00:08:11,990 --> 00:08:14,368
as mothers struggle to find    
         the basic necessities

153
00:08:14,410 --> 00:08:15,870
to keep their children alive.

154
00:08:15,912 --> 00:08:18,664
-[baby screaming]         
        -[indistinct chatter]

155
00:08:19,916 --> 00:08:23,669
uneasy music

156
00:08:23,711 --> 00:08:25,755
The situation           
      inside the country's capital

157
00:08:25,796 --> 00:08:27,173
is no different.

158
00:08:27,215 --> 00:08:28,883
At this food distribution site

159
00:08:28,925 --> 00:08:30,760
run by the World Food Program,

160
00:08:30,801 --> 00:08:33,054
Afghans looking          
          for something to eat

161
00:08:33,095 --> 00:08:36,098
find themselves at odds      
      with armed Taliban fighters.

162
00:08:36,140 --> 00:08:38,100
This is really, really       
            hectic here.

163
00:08:38,142 --> 00:08:41,938
There's a huge, huge line     
    of people waiting to get aid.

164
00:08:41,979 --> 00:08:45,858
And then the Taliban soldiers   
       are guarding the gates

165
00:08:45,900 --> 00:08:48,611
to make sure that         
     not too many people get in.

166
00:08:48,653 --> 00:08:51,197
But people are really,       
   really desperate for food here.

167
00:08:51,239 --> 00:08:54,033
[all]   speaking native language

168
00:08:54,075 --> 00:08:55,535
[Isobel] The reality        
     on the ground at the moment

169
00:08:55,576 --> 00:08:57,495
is that any aid groups       
            working here

170
00:08:57,537 --> 00:09:00,206
are gonna have to cooperate    
          with the Taliban.

171
00:09:00,248 --> 00:09:01,832
What did you guys come here    
             for today?

172
00:09:01,874 --> 00:09:04,794
speaking native language

173
00:09:08,673 --> 00:09:12,343
speaking native language

174
00:09:22,186 --> 00:09:23,354
[Isobel]              
           Do you feel angry

175
00:09:23,396 --> 00:09:24,814
at the international       
               community?

176
00:09:24,855 --> 00:09:26,274
Do you feel            
      like you've been abandoned?

177
00:09:26,315 --> 00:09:29,068
speaking native language

178
00:09:37,743 --> 00:09:39,245
[Isobel]              
     This level of poverty makes it

179
00:09:39,287 --> 00:09:41,706
nearly impossible         
     for the country to wean itself

180
00:09:41,747 --> 00:09:43,583
from dependence          
          on opium production

181
00:09:43,624 --> 00:09:46,168
as a source of income.

182
00:09:46,210 --> 00:09:49,422
This also exacerbated       
         an existing epidemic.

183
00:09:49,463 --> 00:09:51,924
Around 10%            
      of Afghanistan's population

184
00:09:51,966 --> 00:09:54,594
struggle with addiction,     
          according to the UN.

185
00:10:01,976 --> 00:10:03,686
The Avicenna Medical Center    
                 is one

186
00:10:03,728 --> 00:10:06,439
of the country's few remaining 
           rehab facilities.

187
00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:09,066
Here hundreds of drug addicts   
               settle in

188
00:10:09,108 --> 00:10:11,110
for a 45-day rehabilitation.

189
00:10:11,152 --> 00:10:13,446
[indistinct radio chatter]

190
00:10:13,487 --> 00:10:14,614
-speaking native language     
     -[Isobel] So these guys are

191
00:10:14,655 --> 00:10:16,198
just coming out of the buses.

192
00:10:16,240 --> 00:10:17,658
Some of them are sweating.     
     Some of them are shivering.

193
00:10:17,700 --> 00:10:20,411
They look like they're       
        in real, real states.

194
00:10:20,453 --> 00:10:21,621
A lot of them           
       are still using drugs.

195
00:10:21,662 --> 00:10:22,955
They're being lined up here.

196
00:10:22,997 --> 00:10:24,498
They say              
      they're gonna search them

197
00:10:24,540 --> 00:10:26,125
before stripping them,       
         taking them inside,

198
00:10:26,167 --> 00:10:27,960
and cleaning them up.

199
00:10:28,002 --> 00:10:30,838
[soldier]             
        speaking native language

200
00:10:32,214 --> 00:10:35,718
[both]   speaking native language

201
00:10:36,886 --> 00:10:39,138
-[Isobel] It's what?        
       -speaking native language

202
00:10:39,555 --> 00:10:41,766
[Isobel]   The treatment       
        facilities are basic.

203
00:10:41,807 --> 00:10:45,019
And the path to recovery     
              is painful.

204
00:10:45,061 --> 00:10:47,897
Users are stripped down      
     and forced to go cold turkey.

205
00:10:49,315 --> 00:10:51,150
You got a lot of people round   
              in here.

206
00:10:51,192 --> 00:10:52,860
Are you at full capacity?

207
00:10:52,902 --> 00:10:55,821
speaking native language

208
00:11:07,166 --> 00:11:08,417
I mean, you've been working    
          in this hospital

209
00:11:08,459 --> 00:11:09,919
for the last six years.

210
00:11:09,960 --> 00:11:12,463
You've seen            
       the numbers increasing.

211
00:11:12,505 --> 00:11:16,175
Do you really believe that     
     this new Taliban government

212
00:11:16,217 --> 00:11:19,679
can reduce             
       the numbers of addicts

213
00:11:19,720 --> 00:11:22,264
and reduce the amount of drugs   
    that are being produced here?

214
00:11:22,306 --> 00:11:25,184
speaking native language

215
00:11:39,782 --> 00:11:41,492
You really think          
        that's gonna happen?

216
00:11:41,534 --> 00:11:44,829
I mean, the economy        
       is dependent to a point

217
00:11:44,870 --> 00:11:46,038
on drugs.

218
00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:48,999
speaking native language

219
00:12:04,098 --> 00:12:06,225
speaking native language

220
00:12:06,267 --> 00:12:08,227
[Isobel] Have you had       
    any kind of treatment before?

221
00:12:08,269 --> 00:12:09,395
have you been here before?

222
00:12:09,437 --> 00:12:12,398
speaking native language

223
00:12:20,281 --> 00:12:22,074
Do you think            
         that when you leave

224
00:12:22,116 --> 00:12:24,994
this place again af--       
          in 45 days' time,

225
00:12:25,035 --> 00:12:26,579
that you'll head          
    straight to the bridge again?

226
00:12:26,620 --> 00:12:29,248
speaking native language

227
00:12:50,644 --> 00:12:53,147
[Ahmad]              
        speaking native language

228
00:12:55,316 --> 00:12:56,901
[Isobel]              
         Shortly after filming,

229
00:12:56,942 --> 00:12:59,945
Dr. Sultani was fired from    
       his long-standing position

230
00:12:59,987 --> 00:13:02,656
and fled the country.

231
00:13:02,698 --> 00:13:05,284
The Taliban are now        
     in full control of the clinic,

232
00:13:05,326 --> 00:13:07,036
where Sultani claims

233
00:13:07,077 --> 00:13:09,371
the Taliban are physically    
          abusing the addicts,

234
00:13:09,413 --> 00:13:11,248
and where they now lack      
             the knowledge

235
00:13:11,290 --> 00:13:12,875
of trained professionals.

236
00:13:15,336 --> 00:13:17,254
With the country's economy    
              in freefall,

237
00:13:17,296 --> 00:13:19,965
more and more Afghans       
        are hitting rock bottom.

238
00:13:20,007 --> 00:13:21,592
And many more will see

239
00:13:21,634 --> 00:13:24,553
their loved ones succumb     
             to addiction.

240
00:13:24,595 --> 00:13:26,764
While the international      
     community have largely turned

241
00:13:26,806 --> 00:13:28,474
their back on Afghanistan,

242
00:13:28,516 --> 00:13:31,644
our global drug markets      
         are closely connected.

243
00:13:31,685 --> 00:13:34,605
As the source of 80%       
        of the world's opiates,

244
00:13:34,647 --> 00:13:36,482
Afghanistan's current crisis

245
00:13:36,524 --> 00:13:38,526
may well come back        
              to haunt us.

246
00:13:40,903 --> 00:13:43,781
dramatic music

247
00:13:56,043 --> 00:13:59,839
This is, uh, our entrance     
       to the north building.

248
00:13:59,880 --> 00:14:01,090
[Vegas] Okay.

249
00:14:01,131 --> 00:14:02,466
[Charmaine]            
     These are holding cells...

250
00:14:02,508 --> 00:14:03,843
-[Vegas] Right.          
   -[Charmaine] And we're gonna go

251
00:14:03,884 --> 00:14:06,178
through here.           
      This is our intake area.

252
00:14:06,220 --> 00:14:09,348
Anybody that's arrested      
         in Hamilton County,

253
00:14:09,390 --> 00:14:10,766
they come here.

254
00:14:10,808 --> 00:14:12,184
-They all come through here.    
             -To intake.

255
00:14:12,226 --> 00:14:13,519
[Vegas]   Charmaine McGuffey     
             is the sheriff

256
00:14:13,561 --> 00:14:15,855
of Hamilton County, Ohio.

257
00:14:15,896 --> 00:14:18,357
In 2016,             
      she was a major in the jail

258
00:14:18,399 --> 00:14:20,526
when she witnessed an incident 
       on closed-circuit camera.

259
00:14:20,568 --> 00:14:22,152
Is this the cell

260
00:14:22,194 --> 00:14:23,195
-where the incident happened?   
      -[Charmaine] This is it.

261
00:14:23,237 --> 00:14:24,530
This is the cell.

262
00:14:24,572 --> 00:14:25,698
It was reported to me

263
00:14:25,739 --> 00:14:27,533
that this guy had tripped     
             and fell--

264
00:14:27,575 --> 00:14:29,159
-and fell into the cell.      
      -That was what they said?

265
00:14:29,201 --> 00:14:30,661
-He tripped here...        
               -Yeah.

266
00:14:30,703 --> 00:14:31,704
-And then just sort of--      
   -They said he tripped and fell,

267
00:14:31,745 --> 00:14:33,330
hit his head, and you know,

268
00:14:33,372 --> 00:14:36,125
something about that        
   just didn't sound right to me.

269
00:14:36,166 --> 00:14:39,169
So I came in extra early      
           Monday morning,

270
00:14:39,211 --> 00:14:41,380
and as soon as I saw it,      
         I absolutely knew.

271
00:14:41,422 --> 00:14:43,048
I thought, "Oh, my God."

272
00:14:43,090 --> 00:14:45,509
The officer grabbed him up.

273
00:14:45,551 --> 00:14:47,553
This man was elderly.

274
00:14:47,595 --> 00:14:49,555
And when the officer reached    
             this point,

275
00:14:49,597 --> 00:14:54,393
the officer simply threw him    
            in this cell.

276
00:14:54,435 --> 00:14:56,604
So he was thrown          
        into this wall here?

277
00:14:56,645 --> 00:14:57,771
-Yes.               
             -Headfirst?

278
00:14:57,813 --> 00:14:59,189
That's right, yes.         
             Headfirst.

279
00:14:59,231 --> 00:15:01,525
And he was bleeding profusely.

280
00:15:01,567 --> 00:15:05,029
Took 16 staples          
         to close his head.

281
00:15:05,070 --> 00:15:07,114
[Vegas]   She reported        
      what she saw to the sheriff

282
00:15:07,156 --> 00:15:08,866
but said             
      nothing immediately happened

283
00:15:08,908 --> 00:15:11,035
to the officer in question.

284
00:15:11,076 --> 00:15:13,037
The idea of officers       
         protecting each other

285
00:15:13,078 --> 00:15:14,997
from reports of misconduct    
                is known

286
00:15:15,039 --> 00:15:16,916
as the blue wall of silence.

287
00:15:16,957 --> 00:15:18,918
-[protester] Say his name!     
        -[all] George Floyd.

288
00:15:18,959 --> 00:15:20,920
-Say his name!           
        -[all] George Floyd.

289
00:15:20,961 --> 00:15:22,421
[Vegas]              
        The blue wall of silence

290
00:15:22,463 --> 00:15:24,089
was put under scrutiny      
            after the murder

291
00:15:24,131 --> 00:15:26,383
of George Floyd in 2020.

292
00:15:26,425 --> 00:15:28,260
The officers at the scene     
              did not pull

293
00:15:28,302 --> 00:15:29,845
Derek Chauvin off of Floyd

294
00:15:29,887 --> 00:15:31,680
and argued earlier this year

295
00:15:31,722 --> 00:15:33,933
that they were not properly    
         trained to intervene.

296
00:15:38,479 --> 00:15:39,939
[Vegas]   Since his death,

297
00:15:39,980 --> 00:15:41,273
more cases have been       
              publicized,

298
00:15:41,315 --> 00:15:44,026
showing the uglier side      
        of some police cultures.

299
00:15:44,068 --> 00:15:45,611
Another case in Florida caught

300
00:15:45,653 --> 00:15:47,112
national attention this year

301
00:15:47,154 --> 00:15:48,697
when a sergeant was seen     
                on video

302
00:15:48,739 --> 00:15:51,492
choking a fellow officer     
       after she pulled him away

303
00:15:51,533 --> 00:15:53,160
from a suspect          
          he was threatening.

304
00:15:53,202 --> 00:15:56,080
[officer] Everybody turn off    
       their [bleep] cameras.

305
00:15:56,121 --> 00:15:58,791
[Vegas]   A recent   USA Today     
          investigation found

306
00:15:58,832 --> 00:16:01,293
more than 300 examples       
          in the last decade

307
00:16:01,335 --> 00:16:04,046
of police whistleblowers     
        who experienced backlash

308
00:16:04,088 --> 00:16:06,590
for speaking out         
          against misconduct.

309
00:16:06,632 --> 00:16:08,092
You know, I saw          
        that officer kneeling

310
00:16:08,133 --> 00:16:10,219
on George Floyd's neck,

311
00:16:10,260 --> 00:16:13,263
and I saw those brand-new     
     young officers there trying

312
00:16:13,305 --> 00:16:17,184
to deal with the situation,    
             I thought,

313
00:16:17,226 --> 00:16:19,478
"I know exactly why        
       they didn't intervene."

314
00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:21,021
And that's a shame.

315
00:16:21,063 --> 00:16:22,356
And I feel for them, I do.

316
00:16:22,398 --> 00:16:23,941
What does this look like to be

317
00:16:23,983 --> 00:16:25,985
a whistleblower          
         in law enforcement?

318
00:16:26,026 --> 00:16:29,321
Well, they did come for me,    
              you know?

319
00:16:29,363 --> 00:16:30,656
And they did it in such a way

320
00:16:30,698 --> 00:16:32,658
that I wouldn't see        
            them coming.

321
00:16:32,700 --> 00:16:35,493
I didn't even get told       
   that I was under investigation.

322
00:16:35,536 --> 00:16:37,078
-Because I--            
    -You were retaliated against

323
00:16:37,121 --> 00:16:38,579
-for...              
                -Oh.

324
00:16:38,622 --> 00:16:39,789
[Vegas] Basically blowing     
           the whistles--

325
00:16:39,832 --> 00:16:41,458
Absolutely.            
        And I guarantee you,

326
00:16:41,500 --> 00:16:43,419
there's a lot of men and women   
      out there that can relate

327
00:16:43,460 --> 00:16:45,129
to exactly what I went through.

328
00:16:45,170 --> 00:16:46,797
[Vegas]              
       McGuffey was investigated

329
00:16:46,838 --> 00:16:48,841
by Internal Affairs        
         for allegedly creating

330
00:16:48,882 --> 00:16:50,843
a hostile work environment.

331
00:16:50,884 --> 00:16:52,428
After the investigation,

332
00:16:52,469 --> 00:16:54,346
she was offered a demotion.

333
00:16:54,387 --> 00:16:57,975
She didn't accept it       
         and was fired in 2017.

334
00:16:58,017 --> 00:16:59,852
She then sued the department,

335
00:16:59,893 --> 00:17:01,687
arguing that           
       she was retaliated against

336
00:17:01,729 --> 00:17:03,480
for reporting officer abuse

337
00:17:03,522 --> 00:17:06,734
and discriminated against     
             for being gay.

338
00:17:06,775 --> 00:17:09,611
In 2020, she reached       
     a settlement with the county.

339
00:17:09,653 --> 00:17:12,197
And a U.S. district judge     
      found that the investigation

340
00:17:12,239 --> 00:17:14,366
into McGuffey may have      
        been intended to justify

341
00:17:14,408 --> 00:17:15,993
her demotion.

342
00:17:16,035 --> 00:17:17,619
The county did not admit

343
00:17:17,661 --> 00:17:19,455
to the wrong-doing alleged    
            in the lawsuit.

344
00:17:19,496 --> 00:17:21,874
That year, she ran        
        against her former boss

345
00:17:21,915 --> 00:17:24,793
and became sheriff.

346
00:17:24,835 --> 00:17:26,086
[Charmaine]            
        We do train camaraderie.

347
00:17:26,128 --> 00:17:27,713
You have to have it.

348
00:17:27,755 --> 00:17:31,175
But it cuts both ways,       
     because you can have people

349
00:17:31,216 --> 00:17:33,469
who can say, "Hey,         
     if you do something wrong,

350
00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:35,179
I'm gonna say I didn't see it."

351
00:17:35,220 --> 00:17:38,015
What's happened recently      
            in the media

352
00:17:38,057 --> 00:17:41,143
with use of force,         
       it's not gonna go away.

353
00:17:41,185 --> 00:17:44,396
We're gonna step up        
          into an arena now

354
00:17:44,438 --> 00:17:46,982
where the game has changed.

355
00:17:47,024 --> 00:17:50,069
[indistinct yelling]

356
00:17:50,110 --> 00:17:51,528
[Vegas]   Police use of force has

357
00:17:51,570 --> 00:17:52,905
a long, contentious history    
              in the U.S.

358
00:17:52,946 --> 00:17:54,907
[all] No justice, no peace.

359
00:17:54,948 --> 00:17:56,575
[Vegas]   More people,        
         especially Black men,

360
00:17:56,617 --> 00:17:59,036
die from interaction       
         with cops in the U.S.

361
00:17:59,078 --> 00:18:01,080
than in any other         
            Western country.

362
00:18:01,121 --> 00:18:02,498
And the numbers haven't      
               gone down

363
00:18:02,539 --> 00:18:04,333
since George Floyd's death.

364
00:18:04,374 --> 00:18:06,752
Since then,            
      some officers are now trying

365
00:18:06,794 --> 00:18:09,129
to dismantle           
       the blue wall of silence.

366
00:18:09,171 --> 00:18:10,756
But Daniel Hills,

367
00:18:10,798 --> 00:18:13,258
president of the Cincinnati    
          police union, argues

368
00:18:13,300 --> 00:18:15,511
that it's the cops themselves   
          who are under fire.

369
00:18:15,552 --> 00:18:17,930
One of the things          
         that's fundamental

370
00:18:17,971 --> 00:18:19,723
is trust              
      between police officers.

371
00:18:19,765 --> 00:18:21,141
You need to know

372
00:18:21,183 --> 00:18:24,394
that your fellow officer      
        has your back, right?

373
00:18:24,436 --> 00:18:27,106
But is there a dynamic there    
    that makes it more difficult

374
00:18:27,147 --> 00:18:32,027
to report any police misconduct 
       among law enforcement?

375
00:18:32,069 --> 00:18:33,654
So is this             
     that "blue wall" bullshit?

376
00:18:33,695 --> 00:18:34,822
-[chuckles]            
            -Yes, this is

377
00:18:34,863 --> 00:18:35,989
the blue wall bullshit.

378
00:18:36,031 --> 00:18:38,575
It's bullshit.           
         It's absolute crap.

379
00:18:38,617 --> 00:18:40,953
Police officers are not      
           going to put up

380
00:18:40,994 --> 00:18:43,455
with somebody that's        
     abusing somebody's rights,

381
00:18:43,497 --> 00:18:45,874
abusing somebody physically,    
       or anything like that.

382
00:18:45,916 --> 00:18:47,960
There is no            
       "blue wall of silence"

383
00:18:48,001 --> 00:18:49,211
or anything like that.

384
00:18:49,253 --> 00:18:51,380
The argument of the officers

385
00:18:51,421 --> 00:18:53,715
who were there           
     with Derek Chauvin that day

386
00:18:53,757 --> 00:18:56,802
was that they didn't know     
           how to step in.

387
00:18:56,844 --> 00:18:58,720
Is that something that can be-- 
         that can be taught

388
00:18:58,762 --> 00:18:59,972
or that needs to be taught?

389
00:19:00,013 --> 00:19:01,849
When you're looking        
         at that situation--

390
00:19:01,890 --> 00:19:06,520
that situation was so--      
       so much of an outlier,

391
00:19:06,562 --> 00:19:08,188
that I don't think         
        it would ever happen

392
00:19:08,230 --> 00:19:10,190
in Cincinnati           
       or most other agencies.

393
00:19:10,232 --> 00:19:11,942
George Floyd wasn't        
          the only instance

394
00:19:11,984 --> 00:19:14,069
-of police brutality--       
         -Do you understand,

395
00:19:14,111 --> 00:19:16,071
because we are filming       
            everything...

396
00:19:16,113 --> 00:19:17,781
-Mm-hmm.              
         -You have a handful

397
00:19:17,823 --> 00:19:21,118
of the worst things that happen 
        with police officers

398
00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:23,579
that get shown over,        
      and over, and over again.

399
00:19:23,620 --> 00:19:24,997
-[Vegas] Yeah.           
      -And every piece of media

400
00:19:25,038 --> 00:19:26,790
is out there waiting--       
       they can't wait to grab

401
00:19:26,832 --> 00:19:29,585
that one where police officers   
              fuck up.

402
00:19:29,626 --> 00:19:31,753
-Yeah.               
      -It's the police industry

403
00:19:31,795 --> 00:19:34,006
that seems to be          
         the most targeted.

404
00:19:34,047 --> 00:19:36,091
[Vegas]   Policing gets       
         a lot of media focus.

405
00:19:36,133 --> 00:19:37,676
But it's different        
         from other professions

406
00:19:37,718 --> 00:19:39,970
in that a so-called fuck up    
             can look like

407
00:19:40,012 --> 00:19:41,138
what happened           
           to Breonna Taylor

408
00:19:41,180 --> 00:19:42,723
or Philando Castille.

409
00:19:42,764 --> 00:19:44,433
Disturbing new details

410
00:19:44,474 --> 00:19:45,934
from the night           
          Louisville police

411
00:19:45,976 --> 00:19:47,519
shot and killed          
           Breonna Taylor.

412
00:19:47,561 --> 00:19:50,022
[reporter]   Police targeted     
         the home erroneously,

413
00:19:50,063 --> 00:19:52,357
believing that it was being    
         used by a drug dealer

414
00:19:52,399 --> 00:19:53,817
to receive packages.

415
00:19:53,859 --> 00:19:56,361
No matter how much         
          you train folks,

416
00:19:56,403 --> 00:19:57,654
are you going to have

417
00:19:57,696 --> 00:20:00,699
a handful of things        
         that are terrible?

418
00:20:00,741 --> 00:20:01,867
Do you think that's something

419
00:20:01,909 --> 00:20:03,702
that we need to look at

420
00:20:03,744 --> 00:20:06,538
or is training in this country   
         okay the way it is?

421
00:20:06,580 --> 00:20:08,999
Training is everything,      
       whether you're talking

422
00:20:09,041 --> 00:20:11,043
about knowing           
       how to speak to people

423
00:20:11,084 --> 00:20:13,879
or knowing how to tactically    
        approach a situation.

424
00:20:13,921 --> 00:20:15,714
Some people would think

425
00:20:15,756 --> 00:20:17,549
that if you get          
     a lot of firearms training,

426
00:20:17,591 --> 00:20:19,009
that you're more likely

427
00:20:19,051 --> 00:20:20,385
-to use your weapon.        
               -Yeah.

428
00:20:20,427 --> 00:20:22,054
[Daniel]              
     That's the exact opposite.

429
00:20:22,095 --> 00:20:24,056
The more firearms training     
              you have,

430
00:20:24,097 --> 00:20:26,516
the less likely you are      
     to have to use your weapon.

431
00:20:26,558 --> 00:20:29,561
It's more likely          
           to buy you time

432
00:20:29,603 --> 00:20:32,397
to find a different way      
      to resolve the situation.

433
00:20:32,439 --> 00:20:34,274
[Vegas]   Academy training      
          for American cops is

434
00:20:34,316 --> 00:20:35,943
21 weeks on average,

435
00:20:35,984 --> 00:20:38,779
compared to three years      
      in some European countries.

436
00:20:38,820 --> 00:20:41,531
The biggest chunk of time     
      is spent on firearms skills,

437
00:20:41,573 --> 00:20:43,575
with 73 hours on average,

438
00:20:43,617 --> 00:20:46,203
and 61 hours           
          on defense tactics.

439
00:20:46,245 --> 00:20:49,581
There are also around       
     18,000 individual departments

440
00:20:49,623 --> 00:20:52,125
who all have their own way    
              of training.

441
00:20:52,167 --> 00:20:54,169
We're in St. Louis         
      at the ILEETA conference,

442
00:20:54,211 --> 00:20:55,963
which is the largest conference

443
00:20:56,004 --> 00:20:59,675
for law enforcement trainers    
    and instructors in the world.

444
00:20:59,716 --> 00:21:01,510
But this year's conference    
             was different,

445
00:21:01,551 --> 00:21:03,512
with the demonstrations      
                of 2020

446
00:21:03,553 --> 00:21:05,597
hanging over the entire event.

447
00:21:05,639 --> 00:21:08,225
[Jason] Folks, there's       
       a problem in policing.

448
00:21:08,267 --> 00:21:10,352
We've isolated ourselves      
           from the people

449
00:21:10,394 --> 00:21:13,563
in which we're supposed to be   
              helping.

450
00:21:13,605 --> 00:21:18,527
We, as a culture, have to take   
         some of the blame.

451
00:21:18,568 --> 00:21:20,779
[Vegas]   Jason Mazeski is      
              a researcher

452
00:21:20,821 --> 00:21:22,906
at Columbia University       
     who was a training instructor

453
00:21:22,948 --> 00:21:25,284
with the NYPD,          
             and led design

454
00:21:25,325 --> 00:21:27,119
for the counter-terrorism     
           unit's curriculum.

455
00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:29,246
His course at ILEETA       
              was focused

456
00:21:29,288 --> 00:21:31,331
on what people expect       
            of police today.

457
00:21:31,373 --> 00:21:33,792
[Jason] How do we describe     
         the role of police?

458
00:21:33,834 --> 00:21:37,754
[person] The role of the police 
     is to protect the community

459
00:21:37,796 --> 00:21:40,757
from people that will harm it.   
             Am I wrong?

460
00:21:40,799 --> 00:21:41,967
[Jason] Well, I think       
            that's your--

461
00:21:42,009 --> 00:21:43,468
-that's your perspective.     
         -[person chuckles]

462
00:21:43,510 --> 00:21:45,804
Assumptions is how we operate.

463
00:21:45,846 --> 00:21:48,932
Where do these assumptions     
             come from?

464
00:21:48,974 --> 00:21:50,434
[person] From our training.

465
00:21:50,475 --> 00:21:53,312
We have to,            
       in order to stay alive,

466
00:21:53,353 --> 00:21:56,148
assume that everybody's      
            gonna hurt me

467
00:21:56,189 --> 00:21:58,734
until they prove different.

468
00:21:58,775 --> 00:22:01,403
Law enforcement's         
     a para-militaristic system,

469
00:22:01,445 --> 00:22:03,822
so we look to the military     
          for our training.

470
00:22:03,864 --> 00:22:05,657
We're looking to create      
            a behavior--

471
00:22:05,699 --> 00:22:07,242
a certain behavior         
            in the people

472
00:22:07,284 --> 00:22:09,161
that come             
   through the police department.

473
00:22:09,202 --> 00:22:10,996
You're looking to mold them    
     into one particular thing.

474
00:22:11,038 --> 00:22:12,247
-[Jason] Exactly.         
               -Okay.

475
00:22:12,289 --> 00:22:13,582
You could use the term       
          "indoctrination."

476
00:22:14,958 --> 00:22:16,585
You bring a recruit in.

477
00:22:16,626 --> 00:22:19,504
The recruit learns        
      the necessary requirements.

478
00:22:19,546 --> 00:22:21,340
And then they leave        
          as a police officer.

479
00:22:21,381 --> 00:22:24,676
This is self-defense,       
      shooting, tactical ops--

480
00:22:24,718 --> 00:22:29,014
Uh, recruits are used to going   
    into scenario-based training.

481
00:22:29,056 --> 00:22:31,308
And all the scenario-based     
            training ends

482
00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:33,060
in the use of force.

483
00:22:33,101 --> 00:22:36,313
[trainer]   I would like to say   
        that we live in a world

484
00:22:36,355 --> 00:22:39,024
where we would never have     
   to strike an individual again.

485
00:22:39,066 --> 00:22:41,818
I'm sorry, folks, that is      
      just not the way it is.

486
00:22:41,860 --> 00:22:43,695
Give me your arm.         
          Give me your arm!

487
00:22:45,113 --> 00:22:48,825
For years, we've added       
        additional variables

488
00:22:48,867 --> 00:22:50,911
to a police officer's job.

489
00:22:50,952 --> 00:22:52,371
You know,             
      he's a traffic enforcer,

490
00:22:52,412 --> 00:22:54,331
he's a domestic violence      
               expert.

491
00:22:54,373 --> 00:22:55,874
He's a soldier as well.

492
00:22:55,916 --> 00:22:57,209
[Jason] Exactly.

493
00:22:57,250 --> 00:22:59,503
I think our training        
            has to mirror

494
00:22:59,544 --> 00:23:01,963
what we want policing       
            to look like.

495
00:23:02,005 --> 00:23:03,548
[Vegas]   And to accomplish that,

496
00:23:03,590 --> 00:23:05,717
many departments are trying    
           to counterbalance

497
00:23:05,759 --> 00:23:08,553
how much use of force       
          dominates training.

498
00:23:08,595 --> 00:23:11,848
More than 240 agencies      
       have adopted a new program

499
00:23:11,890 --> 00:23:14,017
that was developed        
        at Georgetown University

500
00:23:14,059 --> 00:23:15,644
after George Floyd's death.

501
00:23:15,685 --> 00:23:18,230
[trainer] I was trained      
          to be a warrior.

502
00:23:18,271 --> 00:23:20,732
Policing's a very         
     para-military organization.

503
00:23:20,774 --> 00:23:23,193
And we trained           
         that way for years.

504
00:23:23,235 --> 00:23:26,154
I want to change our mindset    
      from warrior to guardian.

505
00:23:26,196 --> 00:23:27,906
[Vegas]   ABLE, which stands

506
00:23:27,948 --> 00:23:30,075
for Active Bystandership     
          for Law Enforcement,

507
00:23:30,117 --> 00:23:32,411
aims to address          
        the blue wall of silence

508
00:23:32,452 --> 00:23:34,413
within training          
            by teaching cops

509
00:23:34,454 --> 00:23:36,706
that intervening          
        in cases of misconduct

510
00:23:36,748 --> 00:23:39,126
is actually            
        in their best interest.

511
00:23:39,167 --> 00:23:41,795
The NYPD, Philadelphia      
           police department,

512
00:23:41,837 --> 00:23:43,880
and Charmaine McGuffey's     
     department in Hamilton county

513
00:23:43,922 --> 00:23:45,549
are now using ABLE.

514
00:23:45,590 --> 00:23:47,759
The only way            
        that we're gonna come

515
00:23:47,801 --> 00:23:50,929
out of this national crisis

516
00:23:50,971 --> 00:23:54,057
of negativity with the police

517
00:23:54,099 --> 00:23:57,769
is for us to step up        
            and step in.

518
00:23:57,811 --> 00:24:01,273
This is absolutely         
      a culture-change program.

519
00:24:01,314 --> 00:24:04,734
I want us to redefine loyalty   
            a little bit.

520
00:24:04,776 --> 00:24:05,986
How about the integrity      
           to tell someone

521
00:24:06,027 --> 00:24:07,112
what they need to hear

522
00:24:07,154 --> 00:24:08,738
instead of what they want     
              to hear?

523
00:24:08,780 --> 00:24:12,784
When I was FTO,          
      if I correct my partner,

524
00:24:12,826 --> 00:24:14,286
he gets upset.

525
00:24:14,327 --> 00:24:15,871
He don't want to be corrected.

526
00:24:15,912 --> 00:24:17,038
[trainer] Wait a minute,      
        what are we loyal to?

527
00:24:17,080 --> 00:24:18,373
At a drop of a hat,        
              you'll go

528
00:24:18,415 --> 00:24:20,125
right into gunfire         
           with somebody,

529
00:24:20,167 --> 00:24:21,626
but you won't turn and have    
      a conversation with them

530
00:24:21,668 --> 00:24:23,879
when they're about to make     
             a mistake?

531
00:24:23,920 --> 00:24:25,797
So now we're gonna get       
   into some nuts and bolts here.

532
00:24:25,839 --> 00:24:28,341
When and how do I intervene?

533
00:24:28,592 --> 00:24:31,052
[indistinct shouting]

534
00:24:31,094 --> 00:24:33,638
This was in the wake        
          of George Floyd.

535
00:24:33,680 --> 00:24:35,265
What'd you guys notice there?

536
00:24:35,307 --> 00:24:36,558
[officer]             
        Yeah, the other officer,

537
00:24:36,600 --> 00:24:38,477
he grabbed            
          the guy's knee first

538
00:24:38,518 --> 00:24:39,769
and pulled it up         
             off his neck.

539
00:24:39,811 --> 00:24:40,937
He had it on his neck

540
00:24:40,979 --> 00:24:42,230
and the other officer        
             moved it.

541
00:24:42,272 --> 00:24:43,857
[trainer] His partner       
         just moved the leg.

542
00:24:43,899 --> 00:24:46,443
They probably never had      
   a conversation about it again.

543
00:24:46,485 --> 00:24:47,986
[officer] Probably not.

544
00:24:48,028 --> 00:24:49,488
[trainer] And there wasn't     
       a single story to tell,

545
00:24:49,529 --> 00:24:50,697
was there?

546
00:24:50,739 --> 00:24:52,782
[Vegas] The vibe I got       
          when we started,

547
00:24:52,824 --> 00:24:54,326
there was a lot          
        of this stuff, right?

548
00:24:54,367 --> 00:24:56,536
You didn't seem--         
   you didn't seem super into it.

549
00:24:56,578 --> 00:24:58,788
I'd say, yeah, absolutely.

550
00:24:58,830 --> 00:25:00,332
[Vegas] Why?

551
00:25:00,373 --> 00:25:02,501
Uh, just--I don't know,      
      I just heard some stories

552
00:25:02,542 --> 00:25:05,670
about this training        
   and it was just a bunch of BS.

553
00:25:05,712 --> 00:25:07,714
Is it still BS?

554
00:25:07,756 --> 00:25:09,549
No, I don't.            
         I think, honestly--

555
00:25:09,591 --> 00:25:11,343
uh, I think it is something

556
00:25:11,384 --> 00:25:13,220
that kind of opened my eyes up.

557
00:25:13,261 --> 00:25:15,847
Back when a lot of us started,   
    it used to be more hands-on.

558
00:25:15,889 --> 00:25:17,349
Used to be more hands-on.

559
00:25:17,390 --> 00:25:19,142
Yeah, where, you know,       
     you hit somebody like that,

560
00:25:19,184 --> 00:25:22,103
you snatch him up and,       
              you know.

561
00:25:22,145 --> 00:25:23,813
For a long time,          
           we've only done

562
00:25:23,855 --> 00:25:27,817
the bare minimum to maintain    
         our certifications.

563
00:25:27,859 --> 00:25:30,028
Because the first--        
     as soon as budget goes bad,

564
00:25:30,070 --> 00:25:31,696
-first thing to go...       
         -Cut the training.

565
00:25:31,738 --> 00:25:33,782
[trainer] Is training.       
               Mm-hmm.

566
00:25:33,823 --> 00:25:36,535
-This'll be gone.         
                -Hmm.

567
00:25:36,576 --> 00:25:38,370
[Vegas]   ABLE doesn't have     
            concrete metrics

568
00:25:38,411 --> 00:25:41,039
on whether it's working.     
              And for now,

569
00:25:41,081 --> 00:25:43,375
the police training model     
            hasn't changed.

570
00:25:43,416 --> 00:25:45,460
But some small steps       
            are being taken

571
00:25:45,502 --> 00:25:47,003
to make intervention a part

572
00:25:47,045 --> 00:25:49,881
of what it means         
        to be a police officer.

573
00:25:50,632 --> 00:25:54,386
[Charmaine]   Law enforcement    
        is not an exact science.

574
00:25:54,427 --> 00:25:57,514
We're dealing with        
      human element, human nature.

575
00:25:57,556 --> 00:26:01,017
And when we deal          
      in those kinds of areas,

576
00:26:01,059 --> 00:26:02,769
sometimes there can be gray.

577
00:26:02,811 --> 00:26:06,523
But what we're asking       
          officers to do is

578
00:26:06,565 --> 00:26:09,484
take a stand            
       on things that you see

579
00:26:09,526 --> 00:26:11,820
that you think are wrong.

580
00:26:11,861 --> 00:26:14,155
It's been a hard culture     
               to change.

581
00:26:14,197 --> 00:26:17,158
And, you know,           
      the blue wall of silence

582
00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:19,744
is tolerated from the top.

583
00:26:19,786 --> 00:26:22,038
When you are the boss,

584
00:26:22,080 --> 00:26:25,083
you are the person         
           who determines

585
00:26:25,125 --> 00:26:28,378
how well officers are treated   
          who come forward.

586
00:26:28,420 --> 00:26:32,591
Police agencies have been put   
               on notice

587
00:26:32,632 --> 00:26:36,761
that we need to start       
           paying attention.

588
00:26:36,803 --> 00:26:39,764
dramatic music