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[Alzo]   A lot of drill artists   
           have been killed.

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Why is that?

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00:00:09,718 --> 00:00:10,802
Because it come          
         from a real place.

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00:00:10,844 --> 00:00:11,845
Go boom, boom.

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00:00:11,886 --> 00:00:13,346
[Preem]   Guns, money, violence,

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00:00:13,388 --> 00:00:15,015
it gets concentrated       
          in our neighborhood.

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00:00:15,056 --> 00:00:16,182
[Alzo]               
       The dream is that success

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00:00:16,224 --> 00:00:17,642
will help them escape it.

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[people clamoring]

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New York City mayor        
            called for a ban

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00:00:20,729 --> 00:00:23,314
on drill-related videos      
        and social media posts.

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Do these rappers understand    
    the risk that they're taking

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00:00:26,568 --> 00:00:28,028
when they get in the booth?

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It's definitely a trap.      
           It's the trap.

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[Natashya]   Ferdinand Marcos Jr. 
     won the presidential election,

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replacing populist leader     
            Rodrigo Duterte,

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00:00:37,746 --> 00:00:40,373
who's been called         
         the Trump of the East.

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What do you think the impact    
       of disinformation was?

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Fears are growing         
     that democracy is backsliding.

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Do you believe          
         you will find justice

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under a Marcos-Duterte      
            administration?

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dramatic music

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[shouting]

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mellow hip-hop music

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[emcee shouting indistinctly]

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[crowd cheering]

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[Alzo]   We're at Rolling Loud

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Music Festival in Miami,

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here to meet Fivio Foreign,

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who is the biggest        
              drill artist

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in the country right now.

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[Fivio]              
   I need y'all to sing this shit

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to the top             
       of your fucking lungs.

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[Alzo]   To his fans,        
      drill is the realest version

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of rap that exists,

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with practically every artist

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allegedly gang-affiliated.

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While violence has been      
          associated with rap

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for decades,           
          critics blame drill

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for amplifying feuds       
          between rival gangs.

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At least 30 drill artists     
        were killed in New York,

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Chicago, and London        
             in 2021 alone.

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Fivio gained the top spot     
           in the drill scene

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after his predecessor       
      was murdered two years ago.

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One of the sad things       
        that I recognize is,

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a lot of drill artists       
          have been killed.

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-Yeah.               
            -Why is that?

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The "rapper," period,

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is the most targeted person

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in the world, I believe.

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If one person go up,

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everybody like,          
         "Man, that nigga--

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who that nigga think he is?"

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That's all they know.

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There's a lot of rappers dying

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and going through it.

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Why do you think drill       
          in New York City

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is so big right now?

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Because it come          
         from a real place,

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-know what I'm saying?       
            -[Alzo] Yeah.

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Gang rivalries,          
          easy-to-get guns,

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livestreaming, and drill rap

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are turning out to be       
       a potentially deadly mix.

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[reporter]   In recent weeks,    
           two drill rappers

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have been murdered        
              in Brooklyn.

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[Alzo]   With gun-related deaths

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at their highest levels      
               on record,

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New York City mayor Eric Adams 
            called for a ban

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on drill-related videos

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and social media posts      
              in February,

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saying that the viral beefs

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displayed             
         between artists online

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were being played out       
              in real life

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on the city's streets.

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It was beefs and disrespects

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that all drove           
      some of these incidents.

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[Alzo]   The NYPD referenced     
     those same social media posts

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and videos after rounding up   
        20 alleged gang members

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in a mass arrest last spring.

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They called it          
           Operation Drilly.

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[Alzo]   Social media        
          is how drill artists

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build their audience,       
      and they often rack up views

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by dissing rival gang members   
     and rappers on Instagram Live.

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Their feeds can provoke swift

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and sometimes deadly       
              retribution.

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[Alzo]   One of the artists     
       who embraces this approach

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is Sha EK,            
       a 19-year-old drill rapper

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from the South Bronx       
        who we attempted to meet

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outside the Bronx         
             Criminal Court

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on his way into a hearing,

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but we didn't even        
             get that far.

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[person shouts]

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[horn honking]

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[Alzo]   We were just standing    
         outside the courtroom,

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waiting for Sha EK to go      
          to see the judge,

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and all of a sudden,       
        this rough cat over here

97
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from another set

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threw up his gang signs,

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and Sha EK and all of his crew

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just ran after old boy,

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and the next thing you know,   
     police come out from nowhere.

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[Alzo]   We later learned that    
     this fight stemmed from a beef

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Sha EK had            
       with another drill artist

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00:04:35,149 --> 00:04:37,277
who dissed            
      his recently deceased father

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in one of his songs.

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Talk to me about beef       
            in drill rap.

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Why is there so much beef     
               in it?

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[hip-hop beat playing       
           over speakers]

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Suck my dick

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[Alzo]               
       This is one of the lyrics.

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"How your last name Bills     
         and his last name Rich

112
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"and both of y'all niggas     
              is broke?

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00:05:12,979 --> 00:05:14,981
I be takin' niggas as a joke."

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00:05:16,482 --> 00:05:18,735
[Alzo]   "Fuck ya manager,      
           he gettin' smoked.

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"Them bullets gonna hit      
              his body,

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00:05:20,987 --> 00:05:23,323
hollow tips,            
     they gon' make him choke."

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[laughter]

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Much of your career has been    
      built on dissing people.

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Do you do it because you think

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00:05:35,710 --> 00:05:37,170
that's what the audience      
           wants to hear?

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00:05:39,213 --> 00:05:41,007
And what about           
     the potential consequences?

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00:05:47,722 --> 00:05:49,182
[Alzo]   For just about       
           every drill artist

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00:05:49,223 --> 00:05:51,017
who tells stories of the hood,

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the dream is that success     
       will help them escape it.

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00:05:53,936 --> 00:05:57,357
But the closer they get,     
     the more targeted they become.

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TDott Woo was on the cusp

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when he was gunned down      
        in his own neighborhood.

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00:06:02,028 --> 00:06:04,572
His death is rumored       
      to have been in retaliation

129
00:06:04,614 --> 00:06:06,949
for the murder of a rival     
      gang member the day before.

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[reporter]             
      Tonight these groups gather

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to remember            
       22-year-old Tahjay Dobson,

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but many knew him         
      by his rap name, TDott Woo.

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[person]   Cannibalism        
        amongst our own people.

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00:06:17,168 --> 00:06:18,920
That has to stop.

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We have to be out here       
            standing up,

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00:06:21,172 --> 00:06:23,132
telling the young brothers     
           not to do this.

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Everybody's just killing      
   each other, killing each other,

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00:06:26,511 --> 00:06:30,473
so I'm just--want God       
      to stop the gun violence

139
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and make, like, stuff work.

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somber music

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[Preem]              
     I got you, like, right there.

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00:06:37,772 --> 00:06:38,898
Right there.

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00:06:42,568 --> 00:06:45,571
[Alzo]   In large part,       
       drill music is associated

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00:06:45,613 --> 00:06:48,074
-with violence and killing.    
          -[Preem]   Mm-hmm.

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00:06:48,116 --> 00:06:50,410
Why do you think          
          that's the case?

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00:06:50,451 --> 00:06:52,578
I mean, 'cause that's what     
   we have in our community a lot,

147
00:06:52,620 --> 00:06:56,582
most of the time,         
     and that's what we glorify.

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00:06:56,624 --> 00:06:58,584
Guns, money, violence,

149
00:06:58,626 --> 00:07:01,754
it gets concentrated        
    in our neighborhood because,

150
00:07:01,796 --> 00:07:05,716
one, that's the fastest way    
    to get to where you wanna go.

151
00:07:05,758 --> 00:07:07,677
-Yeah.               
     -You know what I'm saying?

152
00:07:07,718 --> 00:07:09,804
[Alzo]               
   And what is it about these cats

153
00:07:09,846 --> 00:07:12,056
where they feel the need      
           to drop names?

154
00:07:12,098 --> 00:07:13,975
It's almost like          
        they self-snitching.

155
00:07:14,016 --> 00:07:15,518
It's for disrespect        
          because it's a--

156
00:07:15,560 --> 00:07:17,311
it's a tit-for-tat thing.

157
00:07:17,353 --> 00:07:19,522
Not for nothing,          
       I got the same feeling.

158
00:07:19,564 --> 00:07:21,858
They took my brother,       
      you see what I'm saying?

159
00:07:21,899 --> 00:07:23,609
I'm a little older         
      than these sort of cats,

160
00:07:23,651 --> 00:07:24,902
so it's just like...

161
00:07:26,737 --> 00:07:29,490
It's like, "I know better.     
       Do I wanna do better?"

162
00:07:30,950 --> 00:07:34,912
It's all about          
        the mindset and jealousy

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00:07:34,954 --> 00:07:37,123
that we just inbred        
              in the hood.

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00:07:37,165 --> 00:07:39,959
[Alzo]   If you're trying      
           to get out of it,

165
00:07:40,001 --> 00:07:42,378
and a lot             
        of these young cats see

166
00:07:42,420 --> 00:07:44,380
one of the main ways        
             to get out

167
00:07:44,422 --> 00:07:47,425
is to rap about the violence

168
00:07:47,467 --> 00:07:49,469
that they see           
         in the environment,

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00:07:49,510 --> 00:07:51,971
and then rapping about it     
      can lead to the violence

170
00:07:52,013 --> 00:07:53,139
that they talking about.

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00:07:54,515 --> 00:07:57,643
-[Preem] Yeah.           
     -To where even if you do...

172
00:07:57,685 --> 00:08:00,480
get a chance            
     to make money and get out,

173
00:08:00,521 --> 00:08:02,148
you may not be able        
            to spend it.

174
00:08:02,190 --> 00:08:04,317
-[Preem] Yeah.           
         -Because you dead.

175
00:08:04,358 --> 00:08:06,777
[Preem] Yeah. Yeah.

176
00:08:06,819 --> 00:08:08,278
It's definitely a trap.

177
00:08:09,071 --> 00:08:11,990
Yeah, it's the trap.

178
00:08:12,617 --> 00:08:14,660
[Alzo]   Law enforcement       
           is trying to break

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00:08:14,702 --> 00:08:16,871
this cycle of violence      
          among drill artists.

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The NYPD has a task force

181
00:08:19,373 --> 00:08:22,293
dedicated solely to monitoring 
         the hip-hop community.

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00:08:22,335 --> 00:08:25,171
Derrick Parker, better known   
          as the Hip-Hop Cop,

183
00:08:25,213 --> 00:08:27,548
started this unit         
           back in the '90s.

184
00:08:27,590 --> 00:08:29,091
Do you think it's the music

185
00:08:29,133 --> 00:08:31,260
that's making the youth      
          turn to violence?

186
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It's part of everything.      
           It's the music.

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00:08:32,678 --> 00:08:34,680
It's the culture.         
         It's social media.

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00:08:34,722 --> 00:08:36,974
Remember, art imitates life.

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00:08:37,016 --> 00:08:39,060
I mean, you can say        
         art imitates life,

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00:08:39,101 --> 00:08:41,771
but it's also           
        art can reflect life.

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00:08:41,812 --> 00:08:43,022
-[Derrick] Right.         
          -[Alzo] You know?

192
00:08:43,064 --> 00:08:45,816
And a lot of what         
    they're seeing in the street

193
00:08:45,858 --> 00:08:48,986
is what they're talking about   
           in their music.

194
00:08:49,028 --> 00:08:50,863
When the music itself       
         that you talk about

195
00:08:50,905 --> 00:08:54,158
or you rap about          
        becomes true to life,

196
00:08:54,200 --> 00:08:56,202
where, for example,        
           you're on trial

197
00:08:56,244 --> 00:08:58,287
for murder             
       of a certain individual

198
00:08:58,329 --> 00:08:59,539
and then in that          
           rap music song,

199
00:08:59,580 --> 00:09:01,624
you talk about killing him     
          or shooting him,

200
00:09:01,666 --> 00:09:03,125
this is why the government's    
          gone after them.

201
00:09:03,167 --> 00:09:06,003
But what about           
     the music industry itself?

202
00:09:06,045 --> 00:09:10,299
What about the record labels    
    who incentivize these artists

203
00:09:10,341 --> 00:09:12,093
rapping about           
         what they rap about

204
00:09:12,134 --> 00:09:14,595
and doing what they do       
           in the streets?

205
00:09:14,637 --> 00:09:16,806
Trust me, I'm with you       
         with that because--

206
00:09:16,847 --> 00:09:18,140
but you're right.

207
00:09:18,182 --> 00:09:19,809
It starts with           
     the record labels as well.

208
00:09:19,850 --> 00:09:20,893
They should be held        
          accountable, too,

209
00:09:20,935 --> 00:09:21,727
about these artists.

210
00:09:23,479 --> 00:09:24,897
[Alzo]               
       When artists stir up shit,

211
00:09:24,939 --> 00:09:26,482
it gets a lot of attention    
            and, eventually,

212
00:09:26,524 --> 00:09:28,859
multimillion-dollar        
           record contracts.

213
00:09:28,901 --> 00:09:30,778
But with all           
          the recent killings,

214
00:09:30,820 --> 00:09:33,239
some in the industry       
       are trying to change that.

215
00:09:33,281 --> 00:09:35,366
[Rocky]   Come on, we wanna     
     hear you a cappella. Come on.

216
00:09:45,668 --> 00:09:48,421
Who am I signing tonight?     
    That's the question. Come on.

217
00:09:48,462 --> 00:09:50,423
[Alzo]   We're about to meet     
          this guy Rocky Lee,

218
00:09:50,464 --> 00:09:53,175
and he represents a lot of new, 
    up-and-coming drill artists.

219
00:09:53,217 --> 00:09:54,885
Right now,             
        he's having a session

220
00:09:54,927 --> 00:09:57,096
where he's actually        
        auditioning new artists

221
00:09:57,138 --> 00:09:59,849
to see if he wants        
      to sign them to his company.

222
00:09:59,890 --> 00:10:02,518
Rocky Lee signed TDott Woo    
          to a record contract

223
00:10:02,560 --> 00:10:04,604
on the same day          
            he was murdered.

224
00:10:04,645 --> 00:10:06,063
After TDott's death,

225
00:10:06,105 --> 00:10:07,773
he stopped other         
       drill artists on his label

226
00:10:07,815 --> 00:10:09,275
from using specific names

227
00:10:09,317 --> 00:10:11,611
when rapping about rivalries   
            in their lyrics.

228
00:10:11,652 --> 00:10:13,279
RIP, Naz, they know       
          I'ma tweak, bitch

229
00:10:13,321 --> 00:10:14,780
Niggas flew,          
         I already peeped it

230
00:10:14,822 --> 00:10:17,074
Fuck everybody,         
       I stay on defense, glah

231
00:10:17,116 --> 00:10:19,619
[Rocky]              
   That's that drill right there.

232
00:10:19,660 --> 00:10:22,330
Do these rappers          
          really understand

233
00:10:22,371 --> 00:10:25,625
the risk that they taking     
     when they get in the booth

234
00:10:25,666 --> 00:10:27,752
and talking about         
           who they killed

235
00:10:27,793 --> 00:10:29,629
and they disrespecting people,

236
00:10:29,670 --> 00:10:31,922
you know, that then died      
          and all of that?

237
00:10:31,964 --> 00:10:33,591
[Rocky]              
    I'ma be honest, that's 100%.

238
00:10:33,633 --> 00:10:34,967
You a big artist,         
         I'ma rap about you

239
00:10:35,009 --> 00:10:36,844
so you can come rap about me.

240
00:10:36,886 --> 00:10:39,639
It's a publicity stunt,      
      but it's also dangerous.

241
00:10:39,680 --> 00:10:41,807
That's a hell           
        of a publicity stunt

242
00:10:41,849 --> 00:10:44,310
if death is maybe         
       on the other end of it.

243
00:10:44,352 --> 00:10:47,104
As artists risk their lives    
            to make it big,

244
00:10:47,146 --> 00:10:49,315
major record labels go      
     out of their way to make bank

245
00:10:49,357 --> 00:10:51,525
while keeping           
           their hands clean.

246
00:10:51,567 --> 00:10:53,986
They often subcontract      
      smaller labels like Rocky's

247
00:10:54,028 --> 00:10:55,655
to limit their liability.

248
00:10:55,696 --> 00:10:58,324
Big CEO labels don't care

249
00:10:58,366 --> 00:11:00,326
about who they sign        
         or what they sign.

250
00:11:00,368 --> 00:11:01,952
Or they'll do           
        a third-party signing

251
00:11:01,994 --> 00:11:04,330
where they'll get a label     
              like me,

252
00:11:04,372 --> 00:11:07,291
"Yo, if you sign so-and-so,    
          we'll pick you up

253
00:11:07,333 --> 00:11:09,669
and we'll pay you directly     
          for that artist.

254
00:11:09,710 --> 00:11:12,838
We just don't want         
      the issues on our hands."

255
00:11:12,880 --> 00:11:16,425
Do you think major         
   record labels encourage artists

256
00:11:16,467 --> 00:11:19,220
to perpetuate violence       
            in the music?

257
00:11:20,054 --> 00:11:21,514
I say yes and no.

258
00:11:21,555 --> 00:11:23,140
They're not doing it directly,

259
00:11:23,182 --> 00:11:26,352
but by you letting them      
            keep doing it

260
00:11:26,394 --> 00:11:30,022
and after you seeing        
     more than ten people died,

261
00:11:30,064 --> 00:11:32,316
you're encouraging this now    
     'cause you're paying them.

262
00:11:32,358 --> 00:11:34,026
[Alzo]               
       Given the money involved,

263
00:11:34,068 --> 00:11:35,820
the NYPD is now targeting

264
00:11:35,861 --> 00:11:38,072
the revenue that artists     
            and labels make.

265
00:11:38,114 --> 00:11:39,699
They're preventing venues     
              in the city

266
00:11:39,740 --> 00:11:42,660
from allowing controversial    
        artists on their stage,

267
00:11:42,702 --> 00:11:45,037
but if they consider the risk   
         of violence to be low,

268
00:11:45,079 --> 00:11:47,206
permission to perform       
              is granted.

269
00:11:47,248 --> 00:11:50,042
lively percussive music

270
00:11:52,294 --> 00:11:53,713
[person] A'ight, let's go.

271
00:11:53,754 --> 00:11:55,047
[Alzo]   Some drill artists     
             are attempting

272
00:11:55,089 --> 00:11:56,590
to work with law enforcement

273
00:11:56,632 --> 00:11:58,384
to keep drill from being     
         a magnet for violence

274
00:11:58,426 --> 00:11:59,760
and protect the art form.

275
00:12:02,596 --> 00:12:05,224
Aah, we right here!        
            Yo, bro, nah.

276
00:12:05,266 --> 00:12:07,560
When you say,           
     "Where my OG fans at?" bro,

277
00:12:07,601 --> 00:12:10,396
go into singing "Beam,"      
             a cappella.

278
00:12:10,438 --> 00:12:11,897
That's how you start it off,    
                bro.

279
00:12:11,939 --> 00:12:13,149
Hold on, hold on.

280
00:12:21,907 --> 00:12:23,701
[screams]

281
00:12:23,743 --> 00:12:25,035
[Alzo]               
      Brooklyn-based drill artists

282
00:12:25,077 --> 00:12:27,079
Kyle Richh, Tata,         
            and Jenn Carter

283
00:12:27,121 --> 00:12:28,581
aren't even old enough      
             to drink yet,

284
00:12:28,622 --> 00:12:30,499
but they've already emerged

285
00:12:30,541 --> 00:12:33,419
as some of the most promising   
     newcomers in the drill scene,

286
00:12:33,461 --> 00:12:35,421
and they haven't relied on    
      dissing their rivals by name

287
00:12:35,463 --> 00:12:36,297
to break out.

288
00:12:38,466 --> 00:12:40,926
[Alzo]   Because of this,      
       the NYPD is allowing them

289
00:12:40,968 --> 00:12:42,762
to perform in DRILL NATION,

290
00:12:42,803 --> 00:12:45,598
the first drill concert      
     to take place in New York City

291
00:12:45,639 --> 00:12:48,100
since mayor Eric Adams'      
               crackdown.

292
00:12:48,142 --> 00:12:50,770
Some folks in the drill scene   
               feel like

293
00:12:50,811 --> 00:12:53,481
they need to rap about all     
   of the rah-rah and the killing

294
00:12:53,522 --> 00:12:55,149
to get the views          
        and to get the likes.

295
00:12:55,191 --> 00:12:58,068
Do you feel like that's what    
      the audiences wanna hear?

296
00:12:58,110 --> 00:12:59,236
Dissing equals controversy.

297
00:12:59,278 --> 00:13:00,446
A lot of rappers,         
          they like to diss

298
00:13:00,488 --> 00:13:02,072
'cause they know          
     that's what get the views.

299
00:13:02,114 --> 00:13:03,199
That's when the blogs       
             is posting.

300
00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:04,408
They amping the shit up.

301
00:13:04,450 --> 00:13:06,619
That's how niggas         
        get their attention.

302
00:13:06,660 --> 00:13:08,204
But we not like that, feel me?   
         We different, bro.

303
00:13:08,245 --> 00:13:10,581
-So y'all don't diss?       
                -Nah.

304
00:13:10,623 --> 00:13:12,124
[Alzo]               
    Wait, hold up. Hold up, Tata.

305
00:13:12,166 --> 00:13:14,293
You leaned and giggled       
         when you said that.

306
00:13:14,335 --> 00:13:15,544
Hold up, hold up,         
      why you put your mask on

307
00:13:15,586 --> 00:13:16,712
when you said that?

308
00:13:16,754 --> 00:13:19,048
Ain't gon' lie, bro, for me,

309
00:13:19,089 --> 00:13:21,300
if you say something about me,   
    I'ma say something about you.

310
00:13:21,342 --> 00:13:22,885
-[Kyle] Hell yeah, bro.      
      -[Tata] But it's just not

311
00:13:22,927 --> 00:13:24,053
the first thing          
        that comes to my mind

312
00:13:24,094 --> 00:13:25,054
when I'm writing a song, bro.

313
00:13:26,514 --> 00:13:28,724
[bouncer]             
    If anybody got a VIP ticket,

314
00:13:28,766 --> 00:13:30,893
make y'all way to the front.

315
00:13:30,935 --> 00:13:32,478
[Alzo]               
       Shortly after we met them,

316
00:13:32,520 --> 00:13:35,064
Kyle Richh, Jenn Carter,     
          and Tata were signed

317
00:13:35,105 --> 00:13:38,150
to a multimillion-dollar deal   
         with Republic Records.

318
00:13:38,192 --> 00:13:40,653
For them, drill continues     
           to provide a space

319
00:13:40,694 --> 00:13:42,321
to describe their world,

320
00:13:42,363 --> 00:13:44,198
and if they can avoid       
           getting caught up

321
00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:45,783
in the culture of violence,

322
00:13:45,825 --> 00:13:48,994
it may provide an opportunity   
             to escape it.

323
00:13:49,036 --> 00:13:51,831
What does drill mean to y'all?

324
00:13:51,872 --> 00:13:53,833
For me, I rap           
      based on how I feel, bro.

325
00:13:53,874 --> 00:13:55,459
There's mad shit          
          going around me.

326
00:13:55,501 --> 00:13:58,003
Only way for me to express     
    my feelings is through a pen.

327
00:13:58,045 --> 00:14:00,047
I put everything          
          in my music, bro.

328
00:14:00,089 --> 00:14:01,799
Everything.

329
00:14:01,841 --> 00:14:03,467
[Jenn]   I started rapping,

330
00:14:03,509 --> 00:14:05,885
and my first song,        
     I wrote it as, like, a story.

331
00:14:05,928 --> 00:14:08,889
Like, it was just me talking    
   about what I was going through,

332
00:14:08,931 --> 00:14:10,850
people I lost, [indistinct],

333
00:14:10,891 --> 00:14:12,810
niggas that was going       
        to jail at the time.

334
00:14:12,852 --> 00:14:14,645
That's how I deal         
          with my emotions.

335
00:14:14,687 --> 00:14:15,855
[Alzo] Yeah.

336
00:14:15,896 --> 00:14:17,356
'Cause I don't be talking     
             to nobody.

337
00:14:17,398 --> 00:14:19,525
-That's real.           
               -Yeah.

338
00:14:20,025 --> 00:14:22,653
[Alzo]               
   When it's all said and done,

339
00:14:22,695 --> 00:14:25,781
what is the main objective     
        of this whole thing?

340
00:14:25,823 --> 00:14:27,616
[Tata] I want me and my niggas   
       to be comfortable, bro.

341
00:14:27,658 --> 00:14:29,994
Just living            
       how we wanna live, bro.

342
00:14:30,035 --> 00:14:32,454
[Kyle]   I wanna leave        
           a positive impact

343
00:14:32,496 --> 00:14:34,874
on the community         
        and everybody around me.

344
00:14:34,915 --> 00:14:37,334
Me personally,

345
00:14:37,376 --> 00:14:40,212
I wanna be able to support     
       my moms and my sister.

346
00:14:40,254 --> 00:14:42,381
These niggas, too, bro,      
        I started with them,

347
00:14:42,423 --> 00:14:44,550
and I wanna--I wanna be      
       finished with them too.

348
00:14:48,053 --> 00:14:50,931
dramatic music

349
00:14:53,183 --> 00:14:55,644
[crowd chanting]          
                  BBM!

350
00:15:00,816 --> 00:15:03,611
[cheers and applause]

351
00:15:06,864 --> 00:15:09,241
[announcer] Announcing       
   the arrival of president-elect

352
00:15:09,283 --> 00:15:11,702
Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos Jr.

353
00:15:11,744 --> 00:15:13,746
[cheers and applause]

354
00:15:13,787 --> 00:15:17,499
Ferdinand Marcos Jr. just     
    arrived for his inauguration,

355
00:15:17,541 --> 00:15:19,585
and the people here        
           are so excited.

356
00:15:19,627 --> 00:15:21,253
The mood is euphoric.

357
00:15:21,921 --> 00:15:25,257
Ferdinand Marcos Jr.,       
      popularly known as Bongbong

358
00:15:25,299 --> 00:15:27,259
or by his initials, BBM,

359
00:15:27,301 --> 00:15:29,887
won the presidential election   
        this May by a landslide,

360
00:15:29,929 --> 00:15:32,598
replacing populist leader     
            Rodrigo Duterte,

361
00:15:32,640 --> 00:15:35,100
who's run the Philippines     
         for the last six years

362
00:15:35,142 --> 00:15:37,436
and has been called        
         the Trump of the East.

363
00:15:37,478 --> 00:15:40,105
He pushed the country       
       towards authoritarianism,

364
00:15:40,147 --> 00:15:42,900
killed thousands         
      in his brutal war on drugs,

365
00:15:42,942 --> 00:15:44,777
weakened trust          
          in mainstream media,

366
00:15:44,818 --> 00:15:46,528
and tanked the economy,

367
00:15:46,570 --> 00:15:48,864
pushing more Filipinos      
             into poverty.

368
00:15:48,906 --> 00:15:52,284
Now the country          
           has a new leader.

369
00:15:52,326 --> 00:15:55,204
[people]   speaking Filipino

370
00:16:13,138 --> 00:16:15,599
[Natashya]   But Marcos Jr.     
           is not a new face.

371
00:16:15,641 --> 00:16:18,477
He comes from a notorious     
           political dynasty

372
00:16:18,519 --> 00:16:22,314
and represents much of      
     the same as strongman Duterte.

373
00:16:22,356 --> 00:16:24,984
He ran in a campaign that was   
        essentially a continuity

374
00:16:25,025 --> 00:16:26,819
of Duterte's leadership,

375
00:16:26,860 --> 00:16:30,489
who remained widely popular    
      despite his tyrannical rule.

376
00:16:30,531 --> 00:16:32,491
It's a historic moment,

377
00:16:32,533 --> 00:16:34,785
particularly since        
         Marcos Jr. was elected

378
00:16:34,827 --> 00:16:38,122
almost four decades after     
      the People Power Revolution

379
00:16:38,163 --> 00:16:40,624
ousted dictator          
         Ferdinand Marcos Sr.,

380
00:16:40,665 --> 00:16:43,168
his own father,          
            in the mid-'80s.

381
00:16:44,712 --> 00:16:47,172
[Ferdinand Jr.]          
          I once knew a man

382
00:16:47,213 --> 00:16:51,343
who saw what little had been    
     achieved since independence

383
00:16:51,385 --> 00:16:53,011
in a land of people

384
00:16:53,053 --> 00:16:55,514
with the greatest potential    
          for achievement,

385
00:16:55,556 --> 00:16:58,350
and yet they were poor.

386
00:16:58,392 --> 00:17:00,477
But he got it done.

387
00:17:00,519 --> 00:17:04,106
So will it be with his son.

388
00:17:04,148 --> 00:17:07,109
[Natashya]             
     Marcos Sr. ruled for 21 years.

389
00:17:07,151 --> 00:17:09,862
He declared martial law      
                in 1972

390
00:17:09,903 --> 00:17:12,489
under the guise of increasing   
          threats of communism

391
00:17:12,531 --> 00:17:14,491
in an attempt           
          to hold on to power.

392
00:17:21,498 --> 00:17:23,208
foreboding music

393
00:17:23,250 --> 00:17:25,044
[Natashya]             
      Marcos Sr.'s brutal regime,

394
00:17:25,085 --> 00:17:26,920
which enjoyed U.S. support,

395
00:17:26,962 --> 00:17:28,422
killed, imprisoned,        
              and tortured

396
00:17:28,464 --> 00:17:30,049
tens of thousands         
             of Filipinos.

397
00:17:30,090 --> 00:17:31,717
[people screaming]

398
00:17:31,759 --> 00:17:34,053
He's also accused of stealing   
          billions of dollars

399
00:17:34,094 --> 00:17:35,345
from government coffers,

400
00:17:35,387 --> 00:17:37,222
leaving the Philippines      
            in massive debt

401
00:17:37,264 --> 00:17:39,391
and shattering the economy.

402
00:17:39,433 --> 00:17:42,728
The Marcos family's excesses   
          are well-documented,

403
00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:46,398
from Marcos Sr.'s wife      
     Imelda's 3,000 pairs of shoes

404
00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:48,901
to her displacement        
        of hundreds of Filipinos

405
00:17:48,942 --> 00:17:51,028
to create a safari park.

406
00:17:51,070 --> 00:17:52,905
But Marcos Jr.          
          hasn't acknowledged

407
00:17:52,946 --> 00:17:55,574
these frivolities,        
        let alone the atrocities

408
00:17:55,616 --> 00:17:57,493
under his father's        
             dictatorship,

409
00:17:57,534 --> 00:18:00,370
and his victory marks an     
     astounding return of the clan

410
00:18:00,412 --> 00:18:02,372
to the country's         
            highest office.

411
00:18:03,040 --> 00:18:06,627
Now fears are growing       
     that democracy is backsliding,

412
00:18:06,668 --> 00:18:09,546
and many are wondering      
     how the Philippines got here.

413
00:18:09,588 --> 00:18:12,508
foreboding music

414
00:18:29,358 --> 00:18:31,568
[Natashya]   Jaime Olaivar      
       lived through martial law.

415
00:18:31,610 --> 00:18:33,737
His father was detained      
         during Marcos' regime

416
00:18:33,779 --> 00:18:36,615
for exposing           
          military wrongdoing.

417
00:18:36,657 --> 00:18:39,201
After Duterte threw his weight 
           behind Marcos Jr.,

418
00:18:39,243 --> 00:18:40,953
Olaivar became a supporter,

419
00:18:40,994 --> 00:18:43,705
a reality his children      
           can't understand.

420
00:18:44,665 --> 00:18:47,626
I believe that           
      no foolish leader will...

421
00:18:48,836 --> 00:18:50,212
...make the same mistake.

422
00:18:50,254 --> 00:18:52,381
The Marcos family         
          didn't even admit

423
00:18:52,422 --> 00:18:53,882
the mistakes that they did.

424
00:19:01,765 --> 00:19:05,644
[Jaime]              
    My concern is only economics.

425
00:19:09,648 --> 00:19:10,649
Marcos.

426
00:19:23,954 --> 00:19:27,457
Is it frustrating to you      
        that your father uses

427
00:19:27,499 --> 00:19:30,169
different sources         
      of information from you?

428
00:19:30,210 --> 00:19:32,838
The situation that we're facing 
       right now is very hard.

429
00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:34,089
These are fake news.

430
00:19:34,131 --> 00:19:37,217
These are made           
         just to get views.

431
00:19:37,259 --> 00:19:38,760
It's really sad,

432
00:19:38,802 --> 00:19:41,638
and we're very afraid       
     of what's going to happen.

433
00:19:43,515 --> 00:19:45,809
[Natashya]   Many Filipinos,     
          like Jaime Olaivar,

434
00:19:45,851 --> 00:19:49,354
are particularly vulnerable    
       to disinformation online.

435
00:19:49,396 --> 00:19:51,023
The Philippines          
          is often referred to

436
00:19:51,064 --> 00:19:53,358
as the social media capital    
             of the world,

437
00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:55,110
where people spend        
        four hours of their day

438
00:19:55,152 --> 00:19:56,653
on social platforms,

439
00:19:56,695 --> 00:19:58,488
almost double           
          the global average,

440
00:19:58,530 --> 00:20:01,116
and data is dirt cheap here.

441
00:20:01,158 --> 00:20:03,035
The Marcos family         
            denies engaging

442
00:20:03,076 --> 00:20:04,870
in disinformation campaigns,

443
00:20:04,912 --> 00:20:07,331
but analysts say the Marcoses   
         brilliantly harnessed

444
00:20:07,372 --> 00:20:09,374
and weaponized social media    
               for years,

445
00:20:09,416 --> 00:20:11,210
enabling influencers       
              and vloggers

446
00:20:11,251 --> 00:20:13,545
to amplify their version     
              of history.

447
00:20:15,756 --> 00:20:18,217
Gemma Bagayaua-Mendoza      
            is a journalist

448
00:20:18,258 --> 00:20:19,676
who has been studying       
             disinformation

449
00:20:19,718 --> 00:20:21,470
in the Philippines since 2016.

450
00:20:23,305 --> 00:20:25,182
What sort of disinformation    
            have you seen

451
00:20:25,224 --> 00:20:28,018
about the Marcoses         
        that benefited them?

452
00:20:28,060 --> 00:20:29,686
[Gemma] The thing         
      that's really significant

453
00:20:29,728 --> 00:20:32,231
in circulated--          
       and you see this here--

454
00:20:32,272 --> 00:20:36,568
is the keyword about        
      the communist insurgency.

455
00:20:36,610 --> 00:20:39,571
And you needed that        
           to explain why

456
00:20:39,613 --> 00:20:42,741
Marcos had to declare       
            martial law.

457
00:20:42,783 --> 00:20:44,952
[Natashya] This is incredible   
           because you see

458
00:20:44,993 --> 00:20:47,412
that the narrative         
           on martial law

459
00:20:47,454 --> 00:20:49,748
started as early as 2016.

460
00:20:49,790 --> 00:20:50,999
-There is a spike there.      
            -[Gemma] Yes.

461
00:20:51,041 --> 00:20:52,626
They only talked          
          about martial law

462
00:20:52,668 --> 00:20:54,753
in the context           
         of denying abuses,

463
00:20:54,795 --> 00:20:57,297
but what they did was,       
         they ramped up more

464
00:20:57,339 --> 00:21:00,092
on supposed "achievements"     
          of the Marcoses.

465
00:21:02,135 --> 00:21:04,221
[Natashya]   The massive amount   
           of disinformation

466
00:21:04,263 --> 00:21:06,223
spread across the country     
                in 2016

467
00:21:06,265 --> 00:21:09,226
had a dramatic effect       
           on public opinion.

468
00:21:09,268 --> 00:21:12,437
After weeks of negotiations,   
      we managed to speak to a man

469
00:21:12,479 --> 00:21:15,274
who didn't work for        
     Marcos Jr.'s camp specifically

470
00:21:15,315 --> 00:21:16,900
but was part           
           of the troll farms

471
00:21:16,942 --> 00:21:18,443
responsible for that spike.

472
00:21:28,829 --> 00:21:31,415
What would have been        
     an appropriate description

473
00:21:31,456 --> 00:21:33,083
for the work that you       
        were actually doing?

474
00:21:36,795 --> 00:21:41,008
Did it matter that these memes   
    or accusations were factual?

475
00:21:51,727 --> 00:21:52,936
And what do you think       
             the impact

476
00:21:52,978 --> 00:21:57,190
of disinformation was       
          on the elections?

477
00:22:06,033 --> 00:22:07,159
[Natashya]   Among those       
          who tipped the polls

478
00:22:07,200 --> 00:22:08,785
to Marcos' favor were

479
00:22:08,827 --> 00:22:11,330
the most economically       
         disadvantaged voters.

480
00:22:11,371 --> 00:22:12,789
The worsening poverty       
             in the country

481
00:22:12,831 --> 00:22:15,125
and perceived failures      
         of liberal democracy,

482
00:22:15,167 --> 00:22:17,336
along with the myths       
             spread online,

483
00:22:17,377 --> 00:22:21,173
ignited nostalgia in Filipinos 
      for Marcos Sr.'s iron rule.

484
00:23:03,423 --> 00:23:04,883
[Natashya]   Even for Filipinos

485
00:23:04,925 --> 00:23:07,219
with painful experiences     
            of martial law,

486
00:23:07,260 --> 00:23:10,055
the revision of history online 
        helped earn their votes.

487
00:23:11,556 --> 00:23:13,016
But one of the key reasons

488
00:23:13,058 --> 00:23:15,060
Marcos Jr. was able        
        to secure the presidency

489
00:23:15,102 --> 00:23:16,686
is thanks to Duterte,

490
00:23:16,728 --> 00:23:19,898
with whom             
      the Marcoses unified forces.

491
00:23:19,940 --> 00:23:22,567
In 2016, Duterte         
        controversially allowed

492
00:23:22,609 --> 00:23:24,027
the burial of Marcos Sr.

493
00:23:24,069 --> 00:23:25,904
in the National          
           Heroes' Cemetery,

494
00:23:25,946 --> 00:23:28,657
essentially whitewashing     
         the martial law period

495
00:23:28,698 --> 00:23:30,909
and helping rebrand        
            the Marcos name.

496
00:23:30,951 --> 00:23:33,495
Among the recent wave       
        of authoritarian leaders

497
00:23:33,537 --> 00:23:35,789
across the globe,         
      Duterte was one of the first

498
00:23:35,831 --> 00:23:38,250
to ignite distrust        
          in mainstream media,

499
00:23:38,291 --> 00:23:40,293
allowing disinformation      
               to fester.

500
00:23:40,335 --> 00:23:42,629
His drug war,           
       targeted towards the poor,

501
00:23:42,671 --> 00:23:45,674
was to them tangible proof    
       of discipline and impact.

502
00:23:49,803 --> 00:23:52,514
[crowd cheering]

503
00:23:58,478 --> 00:24:01,356
[crowd cheering wildly]

504
00:24:04,234 --> 00:24:06,903
[Natashya]   Now many fear      
       that democracy's at stake,

505
00:24:06,945 --> 00:24:08,738
especially since         
         Marcos' vice president

506
00:24:08,780 --> 00:24:11,950
is none other than        
       Duterte's daughter, Sara.

507
00:24:11,992 --> 00:24:15,245
One of the key issues the new   
        administration must face

508
00:24:15,287 --> 00:24:17,622
is accountability         
       for her father's drug war,

509
00:24:17,664 --> 00:24:19,916
which the U.S. and the UN     
            have condemned.

510
00:24:19,958 --> 00:24:22,461
Just like Duterte,        
            Marcos Jr. said

511
00:24:22,502 --> 00:24:24,629
he won't help the         
      International Criminal Court

512
00:24:24,671 --> 00:24:26,590
investigate            
         extrajudicial killings

513
00:24:26,631 --> 00:24:28,717
committed during         
           the war on drugs.

514
00:24:28,758 --> 00:24:30,760
[Ferdinand Jr.]   We have      
        a functioning judiciary,

515
00:24:30,802 --> 00:24:33,472
and that's why           
        I do not see the need

516
00:24:33,513 --> 00:24:35,932
for a foreigner to come

517
00:24:35,974 --> 00:24:38,643
and do the job for us.

518
00:24:42,731 --> 00:24:44,441
[Natashya]   With          
       a Marcos-Duterte alliance,

519
00:24:44,483 --> 00:24:46,109
drug war victims believe

520
00:24:46,151 --> 00:24:48,361
they may never find justice    
         for their loved ones,

521
00:24:48,403 --> 00:24:50,947
especially since no one      
       has been held accountable

522
00:24:50,989 --> 00:24:53,200
for the abuses          
           under martial law

523
00:24:53,241 --> 00:24:55,076
from nearly four decades ago.

524
00:24:55,702 --> 00:24:58,663
We're about to meet a mother    
     whose two sons were killed

525
00:24:58,705 --> 00:24:59,706
in Duterte's drug war.

526
00:24:59,748 --> 00:25:01,208
It's been five years,

527
00:25:01,249 --> 00:25:03,126
and she's still          
         searching for answers.

528
00:25:03,168 --> 00:25:06,838
somber music

529
00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,216
Fifty-seven-year-old       
        Sarah Celiz's two sons,

530
00:25:09,257 --> 00:25:10,634
Almon and Dicklie,

531
00:25:10,675 --> 00:25:14,179
were allegedly murdered      
           by police in 2017.

532
00:25:14,221 --> 00:25:16,306
Almon was a victim        
         of mistaken identity,

533
00:25:16,348 --> 00:25:18,308
while Dicklie           
        was last seen with cops

534
00:25:18,350 --> 00:25:20,769
before his tortured body     
               was found.

535
00:25:20,810 --> 00:25:24,105
Celiz is now left to care     
      for 11 of her grandchildren.

536
00:25:40,247 --> 00:25:44,543
How many months after Almon    
        died did Dicklie die?

537
00:25:44,584 --> 00:25:47,379
-[Sarah] Six.           
          -Just six months?

538
00:26:02,102 --> 00:26:05,021
[Natashya] What is it       
    that you want for your sons?

539
00:26:16,741 --> 00:26:19,452
[Natashya] Do you believe     
        you will find justice

540
00:26:19,494 --> 00:26:22,747
under a Marcos-Duterte       
           administration?

541
00:26:37,429 --> 00:26:39,347
[Natashya]             
        This year marks 50 years

542
00:26:39,389 --> 00:26:41,433
since martial law         
             was declared.

543
00:26:41,474 --> 00:26:44,769
Carmelo Crisanto, who lived    
          through martial law,

544
00:26:44,811 --> 00:26:47,606
is working to preserve      
        evidence of the regime.

545
00:26:49,482 --> 00:26:52,277
[Carmelo] Inside these boxes    
         are the dockets...

546
00:26:52,319 --> 00:26:54,613
and stories.

547
00:26:54,654 --> 00:26:55,780
[Natashya] Wow.

548
00:26:55,822 --> 00:26:57,282
[Carmelo]             
         I would say this is

549
00:26:57,324 --> 00:27:01,119
11,103 horror stories.

550
00:27:01,161 --> 00:27:04,664
They're terrifying because     
      many of these atrocities

551
00:27:04,706 --> 00:27:06,791
happened to ordinary people.

552
00:27:07,292 --> 00:27:11,212
But how many were hurt       
     by the martial law period?

553
00:27:11,254 --> 00:27:13,715
It may be actually         
         more than 200,000.

554
00:27:13,757 --> 00:27:17,177
Is there any fear         
    that with the new leadership,

555
00:27:17,218 --> 00:27:18,720
these might disappear?

556
00:27:18,762 --> 00:27:20,096
The fear is there.

557
00:27:20,138 --> 00:27:23,433
My task is to digitize      
              all of this

558
00:27:23,475 --> 00:27:25,977
so that we will always      
               remember.

559
00:27:26,019 --> 00:27:29,606
Has anyone been held        
    accountable for these crimes?

560
00:27:29,648 --> 00:27:34,486
The essential truth is,      
       not one state officer,

561
00:27:34,527 --> 00:27:38,073
military, police          
       has ever been convicted

562
00:27:38,114 --> 00:27:40,659
for gross human rights       
             violations.

563
00:27:40,700 --> 00:27:41,951
That's a sad fact.

564
00:27:41,993 --> 00:27:44,829
That's the kind          
       of culture of impunity

565
00:27:44,871 --> 00:27:46,623
that has prevailed.

566
00:27:46,665 --> 00:27:49,501
unsettling music

567
00:27:51,211 --> 00:27:53,296
[Natashya]   Authoritarian      
        leaders around the world

568
00:27:53,338 --> 00:27:55,173
are closely watching       
         the historic comeback

569
00:27:55,215 --> 00:27:57,258
of the Marcos family to power.

570
00:27:57,300 --> 00:27:58,677
Their return is strengthening

571
00:27:58,718 --> 00:28:00,512
the wave             
         of strongman politics

572
00:28:00,553 --> 00:28:02,806
not just in the Philippines    
             but globally,

573
00:28:02,847 --> 00:28:05,975
serving as a warning sign     
     of what distortion of history

574
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and disinformation        
             can accomplish

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when left unchecked.

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dramatic music