1 00:00:06,773 --> 00:00:30,196 ♪ ♪ 2 00:00:30,196 --> 00:00:30,864 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 3 00:00:30,864 --> 00:00:31,865 ♪ ♪ 4 00:00:31,865 --> 00:00:33,700 John: WELCOME, WELCOME, 5 00:00:33,700 --> 00:00:34,334 WELCOME TO "LAST WEEK TONIGHT!" 6 00:00:34,334 --> 00:00:35,902 I'M JOHN OLIVER, THANKS SO MUCH 7 00:00:35,902 --> 00:00:36,302 FOR JOINING US. 8 00:00:36,302 --> 00:00:37,003 WE'RE BACK! 9 00:00:37,003 --> 00:00:39,439 AFTER THREE LONG MONTHS AND WHAT 10 00:00:39,439 --> 00:00:41,941 HAS BEEN A VERY BUSY WEEK, 11 00:00:41,941 --> 00:00:43,710 ESPECIALLY FOR FOX NEWS, A 12 00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:44,277 NETWORK WHOSE VERY NAME IS A 13 00:00:44,277 --> 00:00:45,678 LIE, IN THAT IT PROVIDES NEITHER 14 00:00:45,678 --> 00:00:47,947 NEWS, NOR FOXES. 15 00:00:47,947 --> 00:00:49,649 YOU MAY REMEMBER, THEY'RE BEING 16 00:00:49,649 --> 00:00:50,917 SUED BY DOMINION VOTING SYSTEMS, 17 00:00:50,917 --> 00:00:51,718 THE COMPANY AT THE CENTER OF 18 00:00:51,718 --> 00:00:52,252 TRUMP'S ELECTION CONSPIRACY 19 00:00:52,252 --> 00:00:52,986 THEORIES. 20 00:00:52,986 --> 00:00:54,454 THEORIES WHICH WERE REPEATEDLY 21 00:00:54,454 --> 00:00:56,823 AMPLIFIED BY HOSTS ON FOX. 22 00:00:56,823 --> 00:00:58,291 AND IN A LEGAL FILING MADE 23 00:00:58,291 --> 00:01:00,093 PUBLIC THIS WEEK, WE GOT A 24 00:01:00,093 --> 00:01:01,361 GLIMPSE AT FOX'S INTERNAL 25 00:01:01,361 --> 00:01:03,329 COMMUNICATIONS DURING THAT TIME. 26 00:01:03,329 --> 00:01:05,265 PRIVATELY TOP ANCHORS AND 27 00:01:05,265 --> 00:01:07,000 EXECUTIVES MOCKED TRUMP'S LIES, 28 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:08,301 CALLING THEM "LUDICROUS," 29 00:01:08,301 --> 00:01:09,903 "REALLY CRAZY STUFF," AND 30 00:01:09,903 --> 00:01:11,371 "TOTALLY OFF THE RAILS." 31 00:01:11,371 --> 00:01:13,173 EVEN AS THOSE SAME HOSTS WENT 32 00:01:13,173 --> 00:01:14,741 ON THE AIR ARGUING COMPLETELY 33 00:01:14,741 --> 00:01:16,009 OTHERWISE. 34 00:01:16,009 --> 00:01:17,377 ALL RIGHT, THESE ELECTION 35 00:01:17,377 --> 00:01:19,145 CHALLENGES ARE STILL GOING ON 36 00:01:19,145 --> 00:01:20,513 AND DISTURBING IRREGULARITIES 37 00:01:20,513 --> 00:01:22,682 HAVE BEEN FOUND AND MUST BE 38 00:01:22,682 --> 00:01:24,684 INVESTIGATED TO THE FULLEST. 39 00:01:24,684 --> 00:01:26,019 John: WOW. 40 00:01:26,019 --> 00:01:27,887 IF I WERE A FOX VIEWER, I'D FEEL 41 00:01:27,887 --> 00:01:29,856 PRETTY BETRAYED. 42 00:01:29,856 --> 00:01:31,224 THIS IS LIKE FINDING OUT BIG 43 00:01:31,224 --> 00:01:32,559 BIRD REGULARLY TEXTS ELMO, 44 00:01:32,559 --> 00:01:33,426 "FUCK THEM KIDS." 45 00:01:33,426 --> 00:01:36,095 AND ELMO AGREES. 46 00:01:36,095 --> 00:01:37,797 THIS FILING SHOWS THE EXTENT TO 47 00:01:37,797 --> 00:01:39,165 WHICH FOX HOSTS DIDN'T BELIEVE 48 00:01:39,165 --> 00:01:40,200 THE SHIT THEY WERE SELLING. 49 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:43,203 WHICH IS FINE IF YOU WORK FOR 50 00:01:43,203 --> 00:01:45,071 QVC AND HAVE TO FILL AN HOUR ON 51 00:01:45,071 --> 00:01:47,073 WHY A BEJEWELED SQUATTY POTTY 52 00:01:47,073 --> 00:01:49,008 WILL CHANGE YOUR LIFE, BUT IS A 53 00:01:49,008 --> 00:01:49,976 BIT MORE CONCERNING WHEN YOU 54 00:01:49,976 --> 00:01:51,044 PRETEND TO BE THE NEWS. 55 00:01:51,044 --> 00:01:52,912 BUT PERHAPS THE MOST FASCINATING 56 00:01:52,912 --> 00:01:54,180 THING IS HOW TERRIFIED MAJOR FOX 57 00:01:54,180 --> 00:01:55,882 FIGURES WERE OF LOSING THEIR 58 00:01:55,882 --> 00:01:57,383 AUDIENCE TO MORE 59 00:01:57,383 --> 00:01:59,018 CONSPIRACY-FRIENDLY NETWORKS 60 00:01:59,018 --> 00:02:01,921 LIKE NEWSMAX, WITH TUCKER AT ONE 61 00:02:01,921 --> 00:02:05,825 POINT SAYING, THEY SEEMED TO 62 00:02:05,825 --> 00:02:06,826 UNDERSTAND THAT ACKNOWLEDGING 63 00:02:06,826 --> 00:02:07,894 BIDEN HAD WON WAS ALIENATING 64 00:02:07,894 --> 00:02:12,632 VIEWERS. 65 00:02:12,632 --> 00:02:14,834 SEAN HANNITY WROTE TO HIS 66 00:02:14,834 --> 00:02:17,070 PRODUCER, AFTER THE NETWORK 67 00:02:17,070 --> 00:02:25,979 CALLED THE ELECTION FOR BIDEN, 68 00:02:25,979 --> 00:02:27,280 THE BEST MINUTES FROM LAST WEEK 69 00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:28,481 WERE ON THE VOTING 70 00:02:28,481 --> 00:02:28,848 IRREGULARITIES. 71 00:02:28,848 --> 00:02:31,451 THEY KNEW WERE BOLD. 72 00:02:31,451 --> 00:02:32,051 AND LOOK, ON ONE HAND I GET IT. 73 00:02:32,051 --> 00:02:32,919 WE ALSO FACE PRESSURE TO 74 00:02:32,919 --> 00:02:33,686 MAINTAIN OUR AUDIENCE. 75 00:02:33,686 --> 00:02:34,153 IT'S JUST WE DO IT THE 76 00:02:34,153 --> 00:02:34,921 OLD-FASHIONED WAY. 77 00:02:34,921 --> 00:02:36,756 BY HAVING INTEGRITY, AND 78 00:02:36,756 --> 00:02:38,324 SELF-RESPECT, AND THE BLIND 79 00:02:38,324 --> 00:02:40,493 FORTUNE OF AIRING AFTER HIT, 80 00:02:40,493 --> 00:02:41,895 PRESTIGE DRAMAS THAT PEOPLE 81 00:02:41,895 --> 00:02:46,666 ACTUALLY WANT TO WATCH. 82 00:02:46,666 --> 00:02:47,100 IT'S NOT DIFFICULT! 83 00:02:47,100 --> 00:02:47,567 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 84 00:02:47,567 --> 00:02:48,234 MULTIPLE FOX HOSTS SEEMED TO SEE 85 00:02:48,234 --> 00:02:49,836 TELLING THE TRUTH AS A 86 00:02:49,836 --> 00:02:52,105 POTENTIALLY EXISTENTIAL THREAT. 87 00:02:52,105 --> 00:02:53,406 AFTER FOX NEWS REPORTER 88 00:02:53,406 --> 00:02:55,708 JACQUI HEINRICH FACT CHECKED A 89 00:02:55,708 --> 00:02:57,176 TRUMP TWEET ABOUT VOTES BEING 90 00:02:57,176 --> 00:02:59,646 DESTROYED, TUCKER CARLSON 91 00:02:59,646 --> 00:03:00,813 TEXTING HIS COLLEAGUES, "PLEASE 92 00:03:00,813 --> 00:03:01,648 GET HER FIRED, SERIOUSLY, WHAT 93 00:03:01,648 --> 00:03:02,682 THE F? 94 00:03:02,682 --> 00:03:03,483 IT'S MEASURABLY HURTING THE 95 00:03:03,483 --> 00:03:04,717 COMPANY. 96 00:03:04,717 --> 00:03:08,154 THE STOCK PRICE IS DOWN." 97 00:03:08,154 --> 00:03:09,656 John: AS EGREGIOUS AS THAT 98 00:03:09,656 --> 00:03:10,690 IS, IT DEFINITELY TRACKS, AS THE 99 00:03:10,690 --> 00:03:19,766 LIST OF FIREABLE OFFENSES AT FOX 100 00:03:19,766 --> 00:03:20,400 NEWS SEEMS TO MAKE STOCK PRICE 101 00:03:20,400 --> 00:03:22,368 GO DOWN. 102 00:03:22,368 --> 00:03:22,969 AND BEING A SEXUAL MONSTER FOR 103 00:03:22,969 --> 00:03:23,603 DECADES PARENTHESES BUT ONLY IF 104 00:03:23,603 --> 00:03:24,504 PEOPLE OUTSIDE THE COMPANY FIND 105 00:03:24,504 --> 00:03:24,837 OUT ABOUT IT. 106 00:03:24,837 --> 00:03:25,772 BUT INSTEAD OF GOING INTO THAT 107 00:03:25,772 --> 00:03:26,673 SEWER, WE'RE GOING TO TURN TO 108 00:03:26,673 --> 00:03:27,674 THE CONTINUING FALLOUT FROM THE 109 00:03:27,674 --> 00:03:28,775 TRAIN DERAILMENT IN EAST 110 00:03:28,775 --> 00:03:29,309 PALESTINE, OHIO. 111 00:03:29,309 --> 00:03:30,543 AS YOU PROBABLY KNOW, TWO WEEKS 112 00:03:30,543 --> 00:03:31,411 AGO, A NORFOLK SOUTHERN FREIGHT 113 00:03:31,411 --> 00:03:32,345 TRAIN WENT OFF THE RAILS, 114 00:03:32,345 --> 00:03:33,813 RELEASING LARGE AMOUNTS OF 115 00:03:33,813 --> 00:03:34,914 HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS. 116 00:03:34,914 --> 00:03:35,982 AND THE SITUATION CONTINUES TO 117 00:03:35,982 --> 00:03:37,083 BE TROUBLING. 118 00:03:37,083 --> 00:03:38,585 TONIGHT, OUTRAGE GROWING LESS 119 00:03:38,585 --> 00:03:40,086 THAN TWO WEEKS AFTER THAT 120 00:03:40,086 --> 00:03:41,487 MASSIVE TRAIN DERAILMENT AND THE 121 00:03:41,487 --> 00:03:42,789 CONTROLLED BURN OF HAZARDOUS 122 00:03:42,789 --> 00:03:44,290 CHEMICALS SENT UP A TOXIC PLUME 123 00:03:44,290 --> 00:03:46,125 OF BLACK SMOKE IN EAST 124 00:03:46,125 --> 00:03:47,293 PALESTINE, OHIO. 125 00:03:47,293 --> 00:03:48,795 RESIDENTS DEMANDING ANSWERING 126 00:03:48,795 --> 00:03:49,963 COMPLAINING OF BURNING EYES, 127 00:03:49,963 --> 00:03:51,664 NAUSEA, HEADACHES, AND A PUNGENT 128 00:03:51,664 --> 00:03:52,532 ODOR, AND REPORTING DEAD 129 00:03:52,532 --> 00:03:53,766 ANIMALS. 130 00:03:53,766 --> 00:03:56,736 OFFICIALS CONFIRMING 3,500 FISH 131 00:03:56,736 --> 00:03:57,804 KILLED BY THE CHEMICALS. 132 00:03:57,804 --> 00:03:59,105 DON'T TELL ME IT'S SAFE. 133 00:03:59,105 --> 00:04:00,139 SOMETHING IS GOING ON IF THE 134 00:04:00,139 --> 00:04:04,344 FISH ARE FLOATING IN THE CREEK. 135 00:04:04,344 --> 00:04:04,978 John: RIGHT, THAT FRUSTRATION 136 00:04:04,978 --> 00:04:05,712 MAKES SENSE. 137 00:04:05,712 --> 00:04:06,312 BECAUSE UNLESS THAT TRAIN WAS 138 00:04:06,312 --> 00:04:07,180 CARRYING A BUNCH OF SMALL, 139 00:04:07,180 --> 00:04:08,815 LOOSE, ALREADY-DEAD FISH, THAT 140 00:04:08,815 --> 00:04:10,216 LOOKS BAD. 141 00:04:10,216 --> 00:04:11,017 THIS HAS BEEN A NIGHTMARE FOR 142 00:04:11,017 --> 00:04:12,318 LOCAL RESIDENTS. 143 00:04:12,318 --> 00:04:14,387 INITIALLY, MANY WERE EVACUATED, 144 00:04:14,387 --> 00:04:16,155 BEFORE A "CONTROLLED RELEASE" OF 145 00:04:16,155 --> 00:04:17,357 THE TRAIN'S CONTENTS, WHICH 146 00:04:17,357 --> 00:04:19,058 LOOKED LIKE THIS. 147 00:04:19,058 --> 00:04:20,193 THEN JUST TWO DAYS LATER, THEY 148 00:04:20,193 --> 00:04:21,894 WERE TOLD IT WAS SAFE TO RETURN, 149 00:04:21,894 --> 00:04:23,997 DESPITE THE FISH CEMETERY NOW 150 00:04:23,997 --> 00:04:26,733 ACTIVELY FLOATING DOWNSTREAM, 151 00:04:26,733 --> 00:04:28,234 AND INITIALLY WERE GIVEN JUST A 152 00:04:28,234 --> 00:04:29,702 $1,000 CHECK AS AN 153 00:04:29,702 --> 00:04:31,304 "INCONVENIENCE FEE." 154 00:04:31,304 --> 00:04:34,040 IT'S NO WONDER A MEETING ON 155 00:04:34,040 --> 00:04:34,607 WEDNESDAY NIGHT QUICKLY GOT 156 00:04:34,607 --> 00:04:34,907 CONTENTIOUS. 157 00:04:34,907 --> 00:04:36,209 OUTRAGE POURED OVER AT A TOWN 158 00:04:36,209 --> 00:04:39,479 HALL IN EAST PALESTINE LAST 159 00:04:39,479 --> 00:04:41,547 NIGHT AS ANXIOUS RESIDENTS 160 00:04:41,547 --> 00:04:42,048 GRILLED STATE AND LOCAL 161 00:04:42,048 --> 00:04:43,516 OFFICIALS. 162 00:04:43,516 --> 00:04:44,117 IS EVERYBODY SATISFIED WITH 163 00:04:44,117 --> 00:04:45,118 MY ANSWER? 164 00:04:45,118 --> 00:04:47,286 NO! 165 00:04:47,286 --> 00:04:48,354 John: YEAH, OF COURSE THEY 166 00:04:48,354 --> 00:04:49,622 WEREN'T! 167 00:04:49,622 --> 00:04:51,357 AND ONE OF THE REASONS THAT FIRE 168 00:04:51,357 --> 00:04:53,159 CHIEF WAS THE ONE GETTING YELLED 169 00:04:53,159 --> 00:04:54,961 AT WAS BECAUSE NO ONE FROM 170 00:04:54,961 --> 00:04:55,862 NORFOLK SOUTHERN SHOWED UP, WITH 171 00:04:55,862 --> 00:04:57,497 THE COMPANY LATER EXPLAINING 172 00:04:57,497 --> 00:04:58,431 THEIR ABSENCE, CITING THE 173 00:04:58,431 --> 00:04:59,632 "GROWING PHYSICAL THREAT" TO 174 00:04:59,632 --> 00:05:01,334 THEIR EMPLOYEES. 175 00:05:01,334 --> 00:05:03,770 AND YOU CERTAINLY WOULDN'T WANT 176 00:05:03,770 --> 00:05:05,238 THEM EXPOSED TO THAT LEVEL OF 177 00:05:05,238 --> 00:05:06,239 TOXIC ANGER. 178 00:05:06,239 --> 00:05:10,877 NOT WITHOUT AT LEAST GIVING THEM 179 00:05:10,877 --> 00:05:13,846 A $1,000 CHECK FIRST. 180 00:05:13,846 --> 00:05:14,747 FOR THE INCONVENIENCE. 181 00:05:14,747 --> 00:05:15,248 AND LOOK, THE NATIONAL 182 00:05:15,248 --> 00:05:17,083 TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD IS 183 00:05:17,083 --> 00:05:17,717 CONDUCTING AN INVESTIGATION INTO 184 00:05:17,717 --> 00:05:18,818 THE CAUSES OF THE CRASH. 185 00:05:18,818 --> 00:05:20,119 SO WE DON'T YET HAVE ANSWERS ON 186 00:05:20,119 --> 00:05:21,654 EXACTLY WHAT WENT WRONG. 187 00:05:21,654 --> 00:05:22,855 THAT SAID, SOME OF THE THINGS 188 00:05:22,855 --> 00:05:24,190 NORFOLK SOUTHERN WORKERS ARE 189 00:05:24,190 --> 00:05:25,725 TELLING REPORTERS ABOUT THIS 190 00:05:25,725 --> 00:05:26,659 TRAIN ARE PRETTY WORRYING. 191 00:05:26,659 --> 00:05:28,161 CBS NEWS HAS LEARNED THAT 192 00:05:28,161 --> 00:05:29,562 SOME OF THE COMPANY'S EMPLOYEES 193 00:05:29,562 --> 00:05:31,297 HAD PREVIOUSLY EXPRESSED CONCERN 194 00:05:31,297 --> 00:05:34,434 OVER THE EXCESSIVE SIZE AND 195 00:05:34,434 --> 00:05:36,469 WEIGHT OF THE 151-CAR TRAIN, 196 00:05:36,469 --> 00:05:39,439 WHICH WAS 9,300 FEET LONG AND 197 00:05:39,439 --> 00:05:41,874 WEIGHED 18,000 TONS. 198 00:05:41,874 --> 00:05:43,476 THEY SAY IT HAD SUFFERED AT 199 00:05:43,476 --> 00:05:45,878 LEAST ONE BREAKDOWN ON ITS ROUTE 200 00:05:45,878 --> 00:05:47,480 BEFORE IT DERAILED IN EAST 201 00:05:47,480 --> 00:05:48,281 PALESTINE. 202 00:05:48,281 --> 00:05:49,615 John: THAT'S NOT GREAT! 203 00:05:49,615 --> 00:05:50,850 AND IT SHOULD SAY SOMETHING THAT 204 00:05:50,850 --> 00:05:52,318 EMPLOYEES WERE RAISING CONCERNS 205 00:05:52,318 --> 00:05:54,387 ABOUT THE 18,000 TON COMBUSTIBLE 206 00:05:54,387 --> 00:05:56,022 CENTIPEDE THAT THE COMPANY WAS 207 00:05:56,022 --> 00:05:57,323 OPERATING. 208 00:05:57,323 --> 00:05:59,025 BECAUSE THAT'S NOT SOMETHING YOU 209 00:05:59,025 --> 00:06:00,326 CAN JUST BRUSH OFF, LIKE ME 210 00:06:00,326 --> 00:06:01,828 BEING TOLD, "I THINK YOU SHOULD 211 00:06:01,828 --> 00:06:03,229 SHOW YOUR PARENT COMPANY A 212 00:06:03,229 --> 00:06:04,197 LITTLE MORE RESPECT." 213 00:06:04,197 --> 00:06:05,631 I'LL DO THAT IF YOU CAN TELL ME 214 00:06:05,631 --> 00:06:06,866 WHO THE FUCK IT ACTUALLY IS 215 00:06:06,866 --> 00:06:08,167 RIGHT NOW. 216 00:06:08,167 --> 00:06:09,535 THEN I'LL GIVE MY DEADBEAT 217 00:06:09,535 --> 00:06:12,071 BUSINESS DADDY THE EXACT AMOUNT 218 00:06:12,071 --> 00:06:13,606 OF RESPECT THEY DESERVE. 219 00:06:13,606 --> 00:06:14,574 AND TROUBLINGLY, THIS IS PART OF 220 00:06:14,574 --> 00:06:16,609 A LARGER TREND OF TRAINS GETTING 221 00:06:16,609 --> 00:06:18,244 LONGER AND HEAVIER, EVEN AS 222 00:06:18,244 --> 00:06:20,046 COMPANIES HAVE OPERATED WITH 223 00:06:20,046 --> 00:06:21,447 SMALLER STAFFS. 224 00:06:21,447 --> 00:06:22,749 AND WORKERS HAVE CLAIMED THIS 225 00:06:22,749 --> 00:06:23,416 WAS WIDELY KNOWN AS A DIFFICULT 226 00:06:23,416 --> 00:06:24,517 TRAIN TO RUN. 227 00:06:24,517 --> 00:06:26,085 AND THAT, WHILE ITS OFFICIAL 228 00:06:26,085 --> 00:06:28,321 NAME WAS 32N, IT HAD A NICKNAME 229 00:06:28,321 --> 00:06:29,589 AMONG SOME RAIL WORKERS OF 230 00:06:29,589 --> 00:06:31,858 "32 NASTY." 231 00:06:31,858 --> 00:06:33,226 WHICH SOUNDS LIKE A BRA SIZE 232 00:06:33,226 --> 00:06:34,794 THAT WAS ON SALE AT 233 00:06:34,794 --> 00:06:35,528 VICTORIA'S SECRET UNTIL, LIKE, 234 00:06:35,528 --> 00:06:38,030 TWO YEARS AGO. 235 00:06:38,030 --> 00:06:39,766 THE THING IS, THIS ACCIDENT IS 236 00:06:39,766 --> 00:06:41,567 EXPOSING MORE THAN JUST 237 00:06:41,567 --> 00:06:42,802 CHEMICALS. 238 00:06:42,802 --> 00:06:45,171 IT'S EXPOSING SOME BROADER BIG 239 00:06:45,171 --> 00:06:46,606 ISSUES IN HOW FREIGHT TRAINS 240 00:06:46,606 --> 00:06:48,608 LIKE 32 NASTY ARE REGULATED, ONE 241 00:06:48,608 --> 00:06:51,410 OF WHICH EVEN SEEMED TO STARTLE 242 00:06:51,410 --> 00:06:52,678 OHIO GOVERNOR MIKE DEWINE. 243 00:06:52,678 --> 00:06:54,180 THIS TRAIN APPARENTLY WAS NOT 244 00:06:54,180 --> 00:06:55,882 CONSIDERED A HIGH HAZARDOUS 245 00:06:55,882 --> 00:06:57,116 MATERIAL TRAIN. 246 00:06:57,116 --> 00:06:58,518 EVEN THOUGH SOME RAIL CARS DID 247 00:06:58,518 --> 00:06:59,919 HAVE HAZARDOUS MATERIAL ON 248 00:06:59,919 --> 00:07:03,222 BOARD, AND WHILE MOST OF THEM 249 00:07:03,222 --> 00:07:05,191 DID NOT, THAT'S WHY IT WAS NOT 250 00:07:05,191 --> 00:07:08,161 CATEGORIZED AS A HIGH HAZARDOUS 251 00:07:08,161 --> 00:07:11,230 MATERIAL TRAIN. 252 00:07:11,230 --> 00:07:12,765 FRANKLY, IF THIS IS TRUE AND I'M 253 00:07:12,765 --> 00:07:15,635 TOLD IT'S TRUE, THIS IS ABSURD. 254 00:07:15,635 --> 00:07:17,670 John: OH, COME ON, MIKE! 255 00:07:17,670 --> 00:07:19,038 WHAT'RE YOU SO CONFUSED ABOUT? 256 00:07:19,038 --> 00:07:20,339 EVERYONE KNOWS IT'S NOT 257 00:07:20,339 --> 00:07:21,674 DANGEROUS IF ONLY PART OF 258 00:07:21,674 --> 00:07:23,676 SOMETHING CAN KILL YOU. 259 00:07:23,676 --> 00:07:25,378 THAT'S WHY RUSSIAN ROULETTE IS A 260 00:07:25,378 --> 00:07:26,245 GREAT ACTIVITY FOR A CHILD'S 261 00:07:26,245 --> 00:07:27,713 BIRTHDAY PARTY. 262 00:07:27,713 --> 00:07:28,714 IT'S THE NEW PIN THE TAIL ON THE 263 00:07:28,714 --> 00:07:29,215 DONKEY. 264 00:07:29,215 --> 00:07:33,119 WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN? 265 00:07:33,119 --> 00:07:34,320 THEY LOVE IT, IT'S FINE! 266 00:07:34,320 --> 00:07:34,887 AND I WILL SAY, I DON'T KNOW 267 00:07:34,887 --> 00:07:36,289 EXACTLY HOW TO REGULATE OR 268 00:07:36,289 --> 00:07:37,757 CLASSIFY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ON 269 00:07:37,757 --> 00:07:39,125 TRAINS, BUT A KEY QUESTION FOR 270 00:07:39,125 --> 00:07:40,760 ME WOULD BE, "IF IT DERAILS, 271 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:42,094 WILL AUTHORITIES HAVE TO TURN IT 272 00:07:42,094 --> 00:07:43,429 INTO AN APOCALYPTIC MUSHROOM 273 00:07:43,429 --> 00:07:44,330 CLOUD TO TRY AND MITIGATE THE 274 00:07:44,330 --> 00:07:46,632 DAMAGE?" 275 00:07:46,632 --> 00:07:47,600 BECAUSE IF YES, MAYBE SLAP THAT 276 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:53,573 "HAZARDOUS" LABEL ON IT, JUST TO 277 00:07:53,573 --> 00:07:54,407 BE ON THE SAFE SIDE. 278 00:07:54,407 --> 00:07:55,775 ANOTHER ISSUE THAT'S NOW BEING 279 00:07:55,775 --> 00:07:56,475 DISCUSSED IS ANTIQUATED BRAKING 280 00:07:56,475 --> 00:07:57,476 SYSTEMS, AS ON MANY TRAINS, EACH 281 00:07:57,476 --> 00:07:58,811 RAILCAR RECEIVES THE STOP SIGNAL 282 00:07:58,811 --> 00:08:00,279 ONE AFTER THE OTHER, INSTEAD OF 283 00:08:00,279 --> 00:08:01,647 ALL AT ONCE, COSTING VALUABLE 284 00:08:01,647 --> 00:08:02,715 SECONDS. 285 00:08:02,715 --> 00:08:04,517 AND A LOT CAN HAPPEN IN EVEN 286 00:08:04,517 --> 00:08:05,451 SMALL AMOUNTS OF TIME. 287 00:08:05,451 --> 00:08:06,619 FOR INSTANCE, A FEW MINUTES AGO, 288 00:08:06,619 --> 00:08:10,690 YOU WERE EXCITED TO SEE THIS 289 00:08:10,690 --> 00:08:11,257 SHOW COME BACK, WEREN'T YOU? 290 00:08:11,257 --> 00:08:12,825 NOT SO MUCH NOW! 291 00:08:12,825 --> 00:08:13,693 THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION 292 00:08:13,693 --> 00:08:15,828 ACTUALLY TOOK STEPS TO ADDRESS 293 00:08:15,828 --> 00:08:17,163 THIS, ISSUING A RULE IN 2015 294 00:08:17,163 --> 00:08:18,631 REQUIRING RAILROADS TO USE 295 00:08:18,631 --> 00:08:20,032 ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED 296 00:08:20,032 --> 00:08:21,567 PNEUMATIC BRAKES ON ESPECIALLY 297 00:08:21,567 --> 00:08:28,207 DANGEROUS TRAINS. 298 00:08:28,207 --> 00:08:28,741 WHICH REMEMBER, THE TRAIN 299 00:08:28,741 --> 00:08:29,308 WASN'T. 300 00:08:29,308 --> 00:08:29,876 BUT TRAIN COMPANIES LOBBIED 301 00:08:29,876 --> 00:08:30,743 AGAINST IT, CONGRESS HELD IT UP, 302 00:08:30,743 --> 00:08:31,310 AND THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION 303 00:08:31,310 --> 00:08:32,545 FINALLY KILLED IT. 304 00:08:32,545 --> 00:08:33,980 AND IT'S NOT LIKE PEOPLE WEREN'T 305 00:08:33,980 --> 00:08:35,448 WARNING US ABOUT THE RISKS OF 306 00:08:35,448 --> 00:08:36,082 DOING THAT. 307 00:08:36,082 --> 00:08:37,683 BECAUSE HERE'S A RAIL ACCIDENT 308 00:08:37,683 --> 00:08:39,118 INVESTIGATOR, IN OHIO, AT THAT 309 00:08:39,118 --> 00:08:40,786 TIME. 310 00:08:40,786 --> 00:08:42,088 A CONTROLLED PNEUMATIC 311 00:08:42,088 --> 00:08:43,456 BRAKING SYSTEM COULD MAKE A BIG 312 00:08:43,456 --> 00:08:45,024 DIFFERENCE VERSUS WHAT THESE 313 00:08:45,024 --> 00:08:46,058 HAVE NOW. 314 00:08:46,058 --> 00:08:47,660 THERE HAVE BEEN FIRES, 315 00:08:47,660 --> 00:08:49,662 EXPLOSIONS ALL CAUSED BECAUSE 316 00:08:49,662 --> 00:08:51,797 THEY'RE USING THIS ANCIENT, 317 00:08:51,797 --> 00:08:54,400 150-YEAR-OLD BRAKING SYSTEM. 318 00:08:54,400 --> 00:08:56,035 IT'S BEEN AVAILABLE FOR AT LEAST 319 00:08:56,035 --> 00:08:57,737 20 YEARS. 320 00:08:57,737 --> 00:08:59,005 AND THEY DON'T WANT TO PUT IT IN 321 00:08:59,005 --> 00:09:03,576 BECAUSE IT COSTS MONEY. 322 00:09:03,576 --> 00:09:05,478 John: EXACTLY, AND THAT'S 323 00:09:05,478 --> 00:09:07,380 PRETTY FRUSTRATING, BECAUSE A 324 00:09:07,380 --> 00:09:09,215 TRAIN'S ABILITY TO "STOP" IS 325 00:09:09,215 --> 00:09:09,615 KIND OF IMPORTANT. 326 00:09:09,615 --> 00:09:10,783 IT'S IN THE TOP 3 THINGS TRAINS 327 00:09:10,783 --> 00:09:12,084 NEED TO DO, ALONG WITH "GO" AND 328 00:09:12,084 --> 00:09:13,552 TEACH CHILDREN THEIR ONLY VALUE 329 00:09:13,552 --> 00:09:15,554 TO SOCIETY IS "HAVING A JOB." 330 00:09:15,554 --> 00:09:18,224 AND AGAIN, WE DON'T KNOW YET 331 00:09:18,224 --> 00:09:19,659 EXACTLY WHAT CAUSED THE CRASH IN 332 00:09:19,659 --> 00:09:20,459 OHIO. 333 00:09:20,459 --> 00:09:21,861 MAYBE CLASSIFYING THAT TRAIN AS 334 00:09:21,861 --> 00:09:23,029 HAZARDOUS AND REQUIRING THOSE 335 00:09:23,029 --> 00:09:23,829 BRAKES WOULD'VE HELPED. 336 00:09:23,829 --> 00:09:24,263 MAYBE NOT. 337 00:09:24,263 --> 00:09:26,265 BUT IN GENERAL, IT SURE SEEMS 338 00:09:26,265 --> 00:09:27,900 LIKE WE NEED TO BE TIGHTENING 339 00:09:27,900 --> 00:09:29,368 THINGS UP GOING FORWARD. 340 00:09:29,368 --> 00:09:30,536 AND, TRAIN WORKER UNIONS HAVE 341 00:09:30,536 --> 00:09:31,771 BEEN WARNING US ABOUT SAFETY 342 00:09:31,771 --> 00:09:33,306 ISSUES FOR A LONG TIME. 343 00:09:33,306 --> 00:09:35,241 AND IT FEELS LIKE WE SHOULD 344 00:09:35,241 --> 00:09:36,375 MAYBE START LISTENING MORE TO 345 00:09:36,375 --> 00:09:38,444 THE PEOPLE WHO ACTUALLY RUN 346 00:09:38,444 --> 00:09:39,679 THESE TRAINS, RATHER THAN JUST 347 00:09:39,679 --> 00:09:41,013 TO THOSE WHO PROFIT FROM THEM. 348 00:09:41,013 --> 00:09:42,248 BECAUSE IF YOU ASK YOURSELF 349 00:09:42,248 --> 00:09:43,582 WHETHER THIS IS AN ACCEPTABLE 350 00:09:43,582 --> 00:09:45,217 WAY TO RUN A VITAL NATIONAL 351 00:09:45,217 --> 00:09:46,752 INDUSTRY, IF I MAY QUOTE THE 352 00:09:46,752 --> 00:09:47,920 PEOPLE OF EAST PALESTINE, THE 353 00:09:47,920 --> 00:09:52,291 ANSWER SHOULD PRETTY CLEARLY BE: 354 00:09:52,291 --> 00:09:53,225 EXACTLY. 355 00:09:53,225 --> 00:09:58,064 AND NOW THIS. 356 00:09:58,064 --> 00:09:59,332 Announcer: AND NOW, JIM 357 00:09:59,332 --> 00:10:03,135 CRAMER WILL NOT SHUT UP ABOUT 358 00:10:03,135 --> 00:10:03,402 HIS SUITS. 359 00:10:03,402 --> 00:10:06,105 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT HOW NICE 360 00:10:06,105 --> 00:10:08,074 YOU'RE LOOKING IN THE SUIT. 361 00:10:08,074 --> 00:10:09,976 I DON'T KNOW HOW MAKES THAT 362 00:10:09,976 --> 00:10:10,176 SUIT. 363 00:10:10,176 --> 00:10:12,144 YOU LOOK AMAZING BY THE WAY. 364 00:10:12,144 --> 00:10:13,279 IS AND THAT WHEN IT'S TELLING 365 00:10:13,279 --> 00:10:18,417 YOU AT THIS POINT? 366 00:10:18,417 --> 00:10:19,752 WHO WEARS BLACK SHOES WITHIN ALL 367 00:10:19,752 --> 00:10:20,319 OF SUIT? 368 00:10:20,319 --> 00:10:21,654 FIRST OF ALL, IT'S A SUIT WORTH 369 00:10:21,654 --> 00:10:23,789 A LOT MORE THAN YOU. 370 00:10:23,789 --> 00:10:28,327 BACK AND FORTH HERE. 371 00:10:28,327 --> 00:10:29,128 I KNOW. 372 00:10:29,128 --> 00:10:31,297 40% OFF! 373 00:10:31,297 --> 00:10:33,966 WE BOTH WEAR-- I DON'T KNOW 374 00:10:33,966 --> 00:10:36,402 WHO WEARS IT. 375 00:10:36,402 --> 00:10:40,639 I WEAR BRIONI. 376 00:10:40,639 --> 00:10:44,010 THEY HAVE THE 152 BUTTON L 377 00:10:44,010 --> 00:10:44,210 SUIT. 378 00:10:44,210 --> 00:10:46,545 THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THIS IS 379 00:10:46,545 --> 00:10:50,249 EVER HAPPENED. 380 00:10:50,249 --> 00:10:55,688 $2,100, THEY HAVE IT FOR $2,004. 381 00:10:55,688 --> 00:10:56,789 ADD TO CART! 382 00:10:56,789 --> 00:10:59,592 I JUST ADDED IT TO THE CART! 383 00:10:59,592 --> 00:11:00,860 BRIONI SUIT ON AMAZON. 384 00:11:00,860 --> 00:11:04,897 WHAT'S WRONG WITH YOU? 385 00:11:04,897 --> 00:11:05,664 OH, MY GOD. 386 00:11:05,664 --> 00:11:07,266 ALL RIGHT, LET'S MOVE ON. 387 00:11:07,266 --> 00:11:08,567 ♪ ♪ 388 00:11:08,567 --> 00:11:09,301 John: MOVING ON. 389 00:11:09,301 --> 00:11:10,703 OUR MAIN STORY TONIGHT CONCERNS 390 00:11:10,703 --> 00:11:11,437 DRUGS. 391 00:11:11,437 --> 00:11:12,872 YOU KNOW, THE SUBSTANCES THAT 392 00:11:12,872 --> 00:11:14,206 GAVE US MOST MUSIC, SEASONS ONE 393 00:11:14,206 --> 00:11:15,941 AND TWO OF "THE WEST WING," AND 394 00:11:15,941 --> 00:11:17,443 THIS SPECTACULAR CLIP OF A BBC 395 00:11:17,443 --> 00:11:18,444 REPORTER GETTING INADVERTENTLY 396 00:11:18,444 --> 00:11:20,413 WASTED. 397 00:11:20,413 --> 00:11:21,714 BURNING BEHIND ME IS 8 AND A 398 00:11:21,714 --> 00:11:24,984 HALF TONS OF HEROIN, OPIUM, 399 00:11:24,984 --> 00:11:28,454 HASHISH, AND OTHER NARCOTICS. 400 00:11:28,454 --> 00:11:34,326 BURNING BEHIND ME. 401 00:11:34,326 --> 00:11:34,760 QUICK! 402 00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:35,728 QUICK, QUICK, QUICK! 403 00:11:35,728 --> 00:11:42,001 WE JUST NEED ONE MORE! 404 00:11:42,001 --> 00:11:43,302 [LAUGHTER] 405 00:11:43,302 --> 00:11:44,770 John: EXQUISITE. 406 00:11:44,770 --> 00:11:46,138 THAT DESERVES THE PULITZER PRIZE 407 00:11:46,138 --> 00:11:49,875 FOR "REPORTER ON MOST DRUGS." 408 00:11:49,875 --> 00:11:50,676 I'M NOT SURE WHAT MY FAVORITE 409 00:11:50,676 --> 00:11:51,410 PART IS. 410 00:11:51,410 --> 00:11:53,045 HIS LITTLE GIGGLE, THE IDEA THAT 411 00:11:53,045 --> 00:11:54,180 SOMEONE THOUGHT "LET'S PUT A GUY 412 00:11:54,180 --> 00:11:55,281 DOWNWIND FROM AN EIGHT AND A 413 00:11:55,281 --> 00:11:56,715 HALF TON PILE OF BURNING 414 00:11:56,715 --> 00:11:58,284 NARCOTICS," OR THE FACT THAT ITS 415 00:11:58,284 --> 00:11:59,718 MAIN EFFECT ON HIM WAS TO "TURN 416 00:11:59,718 --> 00:12:02,254 HIM INTO A TOTAL SWEETIE PIE." 417 00:12:02,254 --> 00:12:03,589 SPECIFICALLY, WE'RE GOING TO 418 00:12:03,589 --> 00:12:04,990 TALK ABOUT PSYCHEDELICS, a 419 00:12:04,990 --> 00:12:06,459 CATEGORY THAT INCLUDES DRUGS 420 00:12:06,459 --> 00:12:07,426 LIKE PSILOCYBIN, LSD, AND MDMA. 421 00:12:07,426 --> 00:12:10,429 AND LET ME FIRST SAY, I KNOW. 422 00:12:10,429 --> 00:12:11,864 ANYONE WITH MY FACE, VOICE, AND 423 00:12:11,864 --> 00:12:12,932 GENERALLY OFF-PUTTING AURA WHO 424 00:12:12,932 --> 00:12:14,700 TALKS ABOUT DRUGS IS USUALLY 425 00:12:14,700 --> 00:12:15,468 WARNING YOU ABOUT "THE DEVIL'S 426 00:12:15,468 --> 00:12:17,336 LETTUCE." 427 00:12:17,336 --> 00:12:18,771 BUT I'M NO FUCKING NARC. 428 00:12:18,771 --> 00:12:19,905 IN COLLEGE I PRACTICALLY MAJORED 429 00:12:19,905 --> 00:12:21,407 IN HERBOLOGY WITH A MINOR IN 430 00:12:21,407 --> 00:12:22,741 GANJA-NEERING. 431 00:12:22,741 --> 00:12:24,110 THEY CALLED ME SONIC THE 432 00:12:24,110 --> 00:12:26,145 HEDGEHOG BECAUSE I ROLLED 433 00:12:26,145 --> 00:12:27,613 TIGHTLY. 434 00:12:27,613 --> 00:12:28,714 ALSO, I'VE DONE BLOW ON TOUR 435 00:12:28,714 --> 00:12:30,483 WITH OZZY OSBOURNE, WHO'S MY DAD 436 00:12:30,483 --> 00:12:31,250 BY THE WAY. 437 00:12:31,250 --> 00:12:32,151 SO I'M IN THE SCENE, OKAY? 438 00:12:32,151 --> 00:12:33,886 I GET IT. 439 00:12:33,886 --> 00:12:35,121 THE TRUTH IS, LOTS OF PEOPLE USE 440 00:12:35,121 --> 00:12:36,055 PSYCHEDELICS. 441 00:12:36,055 --> 00:12:37,156 SOME FOR SPIRITUALITY, SOME FOR 442 00:12:37,156 --> 00:12:38,724 HEALING, AND SOME, LIKE ASAP 443 00:12:38,724 --> 00:12:40,626 ROCKY, JUST FOR FUN. 444 00:12:40,626 --> 00:12:42,228 THE FIRST TIME HE DID LSD, IT 445 00:12:42,228 --> 00:12:43,996 STARTED TO KICK IN JUST AS HE 446 00:12:43,996 --> 00:12:44,663 WAS HAVING SEX, WITH SURPRISING 447 00:12:44,663 --> 00:12:47,399 CONSEQUENCES. 448 00:12:47,399 --> 00:12:49,935 NO LIE, A RAINBOW SHOT OUT OF 449 00:12:49,935 --> 00:12:51,637 MY DICK. 450 00:12:51,637 --> 00:12:53,939 AND IT HAD A SOUND WITH IT, LIKE 451 00:12:53,939 --> 00:12:55,641 A PIANO OR SOME SHIT. 452 00:12:55,641 --> 00:12:57,209 I HAVE NO IDEA WHY THERE WAS A 453 00:12:57,209 --> 00:13:00,679 RAINBOW COMING OUT OF MY PENIS. 454 00:13:00,679 --> 00:13:03,015 I DON'T EVEN LIKE RAINBOW. 455 00:13:03,015 --> 00:13:04,550 John: EXCELLENT. 456 00:13:04,550 --> 00:13:05,951 EVERY SENTENCE IS BETTER THAN 457 00:13:05,951 --> 00:13:06,952 THE LAST. 458 00:13:06,952 --> 00:13:07,586 "A RAINBOW SHOT OUT OF MY DICK" 459 00:13:07,586 --> 00:13:08,988 FANTASTIC. 460 00:13:08,988 --> 00:13:09,855 "IT HAD A SOUND WITH IT, LIKE A 461 00:13:09,855 --> 00:13:10,589 PIANO OR SOME SHIT" 462 00:13:10,589 --> 00:13:11,991 LOVE IT. 463 00:13:11,991 --> 00:13:13,459 "I HAVE NO IDEA WHY THERE WAS A 464 00:13:13,459 --> 00:13:15,828 RAINBOW COMING OUT OF MY PENIS" 465 00:13:15,828 --> 00:13:17,830 NOW, HE'S INTRODUCED SUSPENSE! 466 00:13:17,830 --> 00:13:19,098 "I DON'T EVEN LIKE RAINBOWS." 467 00:13:19,098 --> 00:13:21,000 WHAT A WAY TO STICK THE LANDING. 468 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:23,135 ALSO, I'M PRETTY SURE ASAP ROCKY 469 00:13:23,135 --> 00:13:24,370 JUST GAVE SKITTLES THEIR NEXT 470 00:13:24,370 --> 00:13:25,337 COMMERCIAL. 471 00:13:25,337 --> 00:13:26,138 "SKITTLES: TASTE THE DICK 472 00:13:26,138 --> 00:13:30,809 RAINBOW." 473 00:13:30,809 --> 00:13:31,477 [LAUGHTER] 474 00:13:31,477 --> 00:13:32,044 BUT TONIGHT, WE'RE GOING TO 475 00:13:32,044 --> 00:13:32,645 FOCUS ON ONE PARTICULAR USE OF 476 00:13:32,645 --> 00:13:34,380 PSYCHEDELICS IN THERAPY. 477 00:13:34,380 --> 00:13:35,548 IT'S A FIELD YOU MAY HAVE HEARD 478 00:13:35,548 --> 00:13:36,615 ABOUT RECENTLY, IN STORIES 479 00:13:36,615 --> 00:13:38,384 FEATURING TESTIMONIES FROM SOME 480 00:13:38,384 --> 00:13:40,286 VERY SATISFIED PATIENTS. 481 00:13:40,286 --> 00:13:42,154 I HAD ALL THIS ACCESS TO MY 482 00:13:42,154 --> 00:13:43,756 MIND AND I COULD CONTROL WHERE I 483 00:13:43,756 --> 00:13:45,391 WAS THINKING AND GOING. 484 00:13:45,391 --> 00:13:46,892 IT CONNECTED ME BACK TO MY 485 00:13:46,892 --> 00:13:48,627 BODY, LIKE I COULD FEEL MY BODY 486 00:13:48,627 --> 00:13:49,628 AGAIN. 487 00:13:49,628 --> 00:13:50,930 IT MADE ME FEEL MORE 488 00:13:50,930 --> 00:13:52,831 COMFORTABLE WITH-- WITH LIVING, 489 00:13:52,831 --> 00:13:56,902 YOU KNOW, BECAUSE YOU'RE NOT 490 00:13:56,902 --> 00:13:59,572 AFRAID OF DYING. 491 00:13:59,572 --> 00:14:00,673 IT'S LIKE DOING THERAPY WHILE 492 00:14:00,673 --> 00:14:02,975 BEING HUGGED BY EVERYONE WHO 493 00:14:02,975 --> 00:14:03,676 LOVES YOU IN A BATHTUB FULL OF 494 00:14:03,676 --> 00:14:05,411 PUPPIES LICKING YOUR FACE. 495 00:14:05,411 --> 00:14:06,946 John: WOW. 496 00:14:06,946 --> 00:14:08,013 THAT'S A PRETTY POWERFUL 497 00:14:08,013 --> 00:14:09,315 ENDORSEMENT. 498 00:14:09,315 --> 00:14:10,816 HE MAKES IT SOUND PRETTY NICE. 499 00:14:10,816 --> 00:14:12,184 IT'D SOUND NICER IF A RAINBOW 500 00:14:12,184 --> 00:14:13,285 ALSO SHOT OUT OF YOUR DICK, BUT 501 00:14:13,285 --> 00:14:15,421 THAT'S ONLY BECAUSE ASAP ROCKY 502 00:14:15,421 --> 00:14:16,722 HAS NOW RAISED THE BAR ON WHAT 503 00:14:16,722 --> 00:14:17,289 CONSTITUTES A PLEASANT HUMAN 504 00:14:17,289 --> 00:14:18,991 EXPERIENCE. 505 00:14:18,991 --> 00:14:20,292 THAT LAST GUY IS A VETERAN WHO 506 00:14:20,292 --> 00:14:22,194 CLAIMS THAT PSYCHEDELIC 507 00:14:22,194 --> 00:14:24,096 TREATMENT NOT ONLY HELPED HIM 508 00:14:24,096 --> 00:14:25,097 WITH PTSD BUT SAVED HIS LIFE-- 509 00:14:25,097 --> 00:14:27,032 AND HE'S NOT THE ONLY VET WHO'S 510 00:14:27,032 --> 00:14:28,601 BENEFITED. 511 00:14:28,601 --> 00:14:29,535 I HAD THREE EXPERIENCES AT 512 00:14:29,535 --> 00:14:33,038 FULL DOSAGE, BUT THE EFFECTS 513 00:14:33,038 --> 00:14:35,007 AFTER THE FIRST TREATMENT WERE 514 00:14:35,007 --> 00:14:36,809 PROFOUND. 515 00:14:36,809 --> 00:14:37,409 I WOULD HAVE SAID A 60% 516 00:14:37,409 --> 00:14:40,012 REDUCTION IN MY SYMPTOMS 517 00:14:40,012 --> 00:14:42,214 IMMEDIATELY. 518 00:14:42,214 --> 00:14:43,349 I FELT A MIGHTY CHANGE HAD 519 00:14:43,349 --> 00:14:45,017 OCCURRED. 520 00:14:45,017 --> 00:14:46,752 John: 60% IMMEDIATELY. 521 00:14:46,752 --> 00:14:48,087 IT'S NOT OFTEN YOU SEE THOSE 522 00:14:48,087 --> 00:14:49,288 KINDS OF RESULTS AFTER YOUR 523 00:14:49,288 --> 00:14:50,456 FIRST THERAPY SESSION. 524 00:14:50,456 --> 00:14:51,757 ESPECIALLY NOW THAT SO MUCH OF 525 00:14:51,757 --> 00:14:54,026 IT HAPPENS ON ZOOM. 526 00:14:54,026 --> 00:14:55,294 USUALLY DAY ONE IS SPENT FOR 527 00:14:55,294 --> 00:14:56,795 INTRODUCTIONS AND TRYING TO 528 00:14:56,795 --> 00:14:57,963 FIGURE OUT WHAT THE FUCK THAT 529 00:14:57,963 --> 00:14:58,831 THING BEHIND YOUR THERAPIST'S 530 00:14:58,831 --> 00:14:59,398 HEAD IS. 531 00:14:59,398 --> 00:15:00,232 THAT CAN'T BE WHAT I THINK IT 532 00:15:00,232 --> 00:15:00,933 IS, RIGHT? 533 00:15:00,933 --> 00:15:04,036 IT JUST CAN'T BE. 534 00:15:04,036 --> 00:15:06,672 AND IT'S NOT JUST ANECDOTAL, A 535 00:15:06,672 --> 00:15:08,040 RECENT CLINICAL TRIAL OF MDMA 536 00:15:08,040 --> 00:15:09,375 ASSISTED THERAPY FOUND THAT, FOR 537 00:15:09,375 --> 00:15:10,776 THOSE SUFFERING FROM PTSD. 538 00:15:10,776 --> 00:15:12,711 JUST TWO MONTHS AFTER TREATMENT, 539 00:15:12,711 --> 00:15:15,681 67% NO LONGER QUALIFIED FOR A 540 00:15:15,681 --> 00:15:17,583 PTSD DIAGNOSIS. 541 00:15:17,583 --> 00:15:19,118 AND THAT'S NOT EVEN GETTING INTO 542 00:15:19,118 --> 00:15:20,619 THE PROMISE PSYCHEDELICS HAVE 543 00:15:20,619 --> 00:15:21,920 SHOWN IN TREATING CONDITIONS 544 00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:22,855 LIKE ADDICTION AND DEPRESSION. 545 00:15:22,855 --> 00:15:23,956 THE FACT IS, ALL THIS IS HUGELY 546 00:15:23,956 --> 00:15:26,358 ENCOURAGING. 547 00:15:26,358 --> 00:15:27,559 BUT IT'S WORTH KNOWING, WE'VE 548 00:15:27,559 --> 00:15:29,228 ACTUALLY BEEN HERE BEFORE WITH 549 00:15:29,228 --> 00:15:32,064 PSYCHEDELICS, AND FUCKED IT ALL 550 00:15:32,064 --> 00:15:32,731 UP. 551 00:15:32,731 --> 00:15:33,432 AND IF WE'RE NOT VERY CAREFUL IN 552 00:15:33,432 --> 00:15:34,767 THE YEARS AHEAD, WE COULD GO 553 00:15:34,767 --> 00:15:35,367 BACKWARDS AGAIN. 554 00:15:35,367 --> 00:15:37,002 SO TONIGHT, LET'S TALK ABOUT 555 00:15:37,002 --> 00:15:38,437 PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY. 556 00:15:38,437 --> 00:15:39,471 ITS HISTORY, ITS POTENTIAL, AND 557 00:15:39,471 --> 00:15:40,172 WHAT THE PITFALLS AHEAD MIGHT 558 00:15:40,172 --> 00:15:42,007 BE. 559 00:15:42,007 --> 00:15:43,475 AND LET'S BEGIN BY ACKNOWLEDGING 560 00:15:43,475 --> 00:15:45,244 A LOT OF THESE MEDICINES, 561 00:15:45,244 --> 00:15:46,278 ESPECIALLY PSILOCYBIN, ARE 562 00:15:46,278 --> 00:15:46,812 NOTHING NEW TO INDIGENOUS 563 00:15:46,812 --> 00:15:48,280 COMMUNITIES, WHO'VE BEEN 564 00:15:48,280 --> 00:15:49,548 CONDUCTING RITUALS INVOLVING 565 00:15:49,548 --> 00:15:51,250 MUSHROOMS, PEYOTE, AYAHUASCA, 566 00:15:51,250 --> 00:15:52,751 AND OTHER CEREMONIAL MEDICINES, 567 00:15:52,751 --> 00:15:53,319 FOR FAR LONGER THAN WESTERN 568 00:15:53,319 --> 00:15:54,920 CIVILIZATION HAS. 569 00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:56,622 BUT INTEREST IN PSYCHEDELICS 570 00:15:56,622 --> 00:15:58,457 OUTSIDE OF INDIGENOUS 571 00:15:58,457 --> 00:15:59,391 COMMUNITIES REALLY PICKED UP 572 00:15:59,391 --> 00:16:00,626 AROUND THE MIDDLE OF THE LAST 573 00:16:00,626 --> 00:16:01,360 CENTURY. 574 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:03,028 LSD WAS FIRST SYNTHESIZED IN A 575 00:16:03,028 --> 00:16:04,596 SWISS LAB IN 1938. 576 00:16:04,596 --> 00:16:06,732 AND A BANKER AT JP MORGAN NAMED 577 00:16:06,732 --> 00:16:08,967 R. 578 00:16:08,967 --> 00:16:09,601 GORDON WASSON POPULARIZED MAGIC 579 00:16:09,601 --> 00:16:10,202 MUSHROOMS, AFTER HEARING ABOUT 580 00:16:10,202 --> 00:16:11,170 AN INDIGENOUS MEXICAN WOMAN 581 00:16:11,170 --> 00:16:16,308 NAMED MARIA SABINA, WHO USED 582 00:16:16,308 --> 00:16:16,942 THEM IN HEALING CEREMONIES, AND 583 00:16:16,942 --> 00:16:18,777 TRACKED HER DOWN IN 1955. 584 00:16:18,777 --> 00:16:20,145 AFTER SEVERAL ATTEMPTS, HE 585 00:16:20,145 --> 00:16:21,914 FINALLY CONVINCES MARIA SABINA 586 00:16:21,914 --> 00:16:24,383 TO LET HIM TASTE THE "MAGIC 587 00:16:24,383 --> 00:16:24,983 MUSHROOMS," AS THEY CAME TO BE 588 00:16:24,983 --> 00:16:26,085 CALLED. 589 00:16:26,085 --> 00:16:28,120 HE COMES BACK AND WRITES AN 590 00:16:28,120 --> 00:16:30,155 ACCOUNT OF HIS ADVENTURE THAT IS 591 00:16:30,155 --> 00:16:30,756 PUBLISHED IN LIFE MAGAZINE OF 592 00:16:30,756 --> 00:16:33,192 ALL PLACES. 593 00:16:33,192 --> 00:16:34,293 NOW THIS IS ASTONISHING. 594 00:16:34,293 --> 00:16:36,061 THIS IS 1957 WHEN IT COMES OUT, 595 00:16:36,061 --> 00:16:37,629 THOUSANDS OF WORDS IN THE 596 00:16:37,629 --> 00:16:39,798 BIGGEST MAGAZINE IN AMERICA. 597 00:16:39,798 --> 00:16:41,266 THIS ARTICLE, WHEN IT'S 598 00:16:41,266 --> 00:16:45,637 PUBLISHED, IS A SENSATION. 599 00:16:45,637 --> 00:16:46,238 John: IT'S TRUE, WASSON WAS 600 00:16:46,238 --> 00:16:47,239 BASICALLY THE VERY FIRST WHITE 601 00:16:47,239 --> 00:16:47,906 GUY WHO DID SHROOMS THEN MADE IT 602 00:16:47,906 --> 00:16:49,675 HIS WHOLE PERSONALITY. 603 00:16:49,675 --> 00:16:51,410 THAT ARTICLE STARTED A STAMPEDE 604 00:16:51,410 --> 00:16:53,312 OF HIPPIES AND CELEBRITIES INTO 605 00:16:53,312 --> 00:16:55,047 MARIA SABINA'S VILLAGE, THAT 606 00:16:55,047 --> 00:17:00,252 TURNED HER NEIGHBORS AGAINST HER 607 00:17:00,252 --> 00:17:02,755 TO SUCH A POINT THEY 608 00:17:02,755 --> 00:17:10,829 BURN HER HOUSE TO THE GROUND. 609 00:17:10,829 --> 00:17:13,198 SO ADD MUSHROOMS ALONG TO THE 610 00:17:13,198 --> 00:17:14,767 LIST THAT RUINED 611 00:17:14,767 --> 00:17:15,401 FINANCE BROS, ALONG WITH VESTS, 612 00:17:15,401 --> 00:17:16,001 DATING APPS, AND THE MIDDLE 613 00:17:16,001 --> 00:17:17,236 CLASS. 614 00:17:17,236 --> 00:17:18,137 BUT IT WASN'T JUST BANKERS AND 615 00:17:18,137 --> 00:17:18,737 HIPPIES DRAWN TO THE POWER OF 616 00:17:18,737 --> 00:17:19,938 THESE SUBSTANCES. 617 00:17:19,938 --> 00:17:20,773 THE U.S. MILITARY ACTUALLY 618 00:17:20,773 --> 00:17:21,740 CONDUCTED EXPERIMENTS TO SEE IF 619 00:17:21,740 --> 00:17:22,841 THEY COULD BE DROPPED ON ENEMY 620 00:17:22,841 --> 00:17:23,409 TROOPS TO INCAPACITATE THEM. 621 00:17:23,409 --> 00:17:24,877 AND LUCKY FOR US, THEY FILMED 622 00:17:24,877 --> 00:17:25,511 THOSE EXPERIMENTS FOR POSTERITY. 623 00:17:25,511 --> 00:17:26,278 HERE IS A GROUP OF NORMAL 624 00:17:26,278 --> 00:17:27,212 SOLDIERS RESPONDING CORRECTLY TO 625 00:17:27,212 --> 00:17:27,746 A SERIES OF ROUTINE DRILL 626 00:17:27,746 --> 00:17:28,947 COMMANDS. 627 00:17:28,947 --> 00:17:31,617 AFTER RECEIVING A SMALL DOSE OF 628 00:17:31,617 --> 00:17:32,151 LSD, THEY'RE CONFUSED AND 629 00:17:32,151 --> 00:17:34,620 UNDISCIPLINED. 630 00:17:34,620 --> 00:17:36,021 John: YEAH, YOU REALLY GOT 631 00:17:36,021 --> 00:17:37,523 THEM THERE. 632 00:17:37,523 --> 00:17:38,524 THOSE SOLDIERS WENT FROM 633 00:17:38,524 --> 00:17:40,492 "TIGHTLY CHOREOGRAPHED PARADE" 634 00:17:40,492 --> 00:17:42,127 TO "TOURISTS TRYING TO DECIDE 635 00:17:42,127 --> 00:17:42,761 WHERE TO HAVE LUNCH," AND ALL IT 636 00:17:42,761 --> 00:17:43,929 TOOK WAS A TINY BIT OF CHEMICAL 637 00:17:43,929 --> 00:17:45,831 WARFARE. 638 00:17:45,831 --> 00:17:46,532 IT'S BRILLIANT! 639 00:17:46,532 --> 00:17:47,666 BUT EVEN AS THE ARMY WAS DICKING 640 00:17:47,666 --> 00:17:49,568 AROUND TRYING TO INVENT A 641 00:17:49,568 --> 00:17:50,869 LITERAL LOVE-BOMB, SOME 642 00:17:50,869 --> 00:17:51,503 RESEARCHERS WERE USING LSD AS A 643 00:17:51,503 --> 00:17:53,472 MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT. 644 00:17:53,472 --> 00:17:55,207 IN 1966, CBS NEWS ACTUALLY 645 00:17:55,207 --> 00:17:57,676 FOLLOWED A MAN WHO RECEIVED LSD 646 00:17:57,676 --> 00:17:59,445 AS PART OF HIS TREATMENT FOR 647 00:17:59,445 --> 00:18:01,346 ALCOHOLISM, AND REPORTED ON ITS 648 00:18:01,346 --> 00:18:03,248 STARTLING RESULTS. 649 00:18:03,248 --> 00:18:04,550 SIX MONTHS AFTER TREATMENT 650 00:18:04,550 --> 00:18:07,453 WITH LSD, SIX MONTHS AFTER HIS 651 00:18:07,453 --> 00:18:08,220 RELEASE FROM THE ALCOHOLICS' 652 00:18:08,220 --> 00:18:09,988 WARD AT SPRING GROVE HOSPITAL, 653 00:18:09,988 --> 00:18:11,523 ARTHUR KING HAS STARTED OVER. 654 00:18:11,523 --> 00:18:13,525 AT THE AGE OF 33, HE HAS GONE 655 00:18:13,525 --> 00:18:14,893 BACK TO SCHOOL, SOMETHING HE 656 00:18:14,893 --> 00:18:16,428 TALKED ABOUT DOING FOR YEARS. 657 00:18:16,428 --> 00:18:19,231 IN EVENING CLASSES, HE'S 658 00:18:19,231 --> 00:18:21,066 STUDYING ACCOUNTING. 659 00:18:21,066 --> 00:18:21,700 HAVE YOU HAD ANYTHING TO DRINK, 660 00:18:21,700 --> 00:18:22,034 FOR EXAMPLE? 661 00:18:22,034 --> 00:18:23,368 NO, I HAVEN'T. 662 00:18:23,368 --> 00:18:24,736 NOTHING AT ALL. 663 00:18:24,736 --> 00:18:25,838 AND I HAVEN'T HAD ANY DESIRE TO 664 00:18:25,838 --> 00:18:27,739 DRINK ANYTHING. 665 00:18:27,739 --> 00:18:29,241 John: THAT'S INCREDIBLE, BUT 666 00:18:29,241 --> 00:18:31,910 ALSO, THAT GUY'S 33? 667 00:18:31,910 --> 00:18:36,281 I KNOW I'M HARDLY ONE TO TALK, 668 00:18:36,281 --> 00:18:37,282 AS A LEGAL 45 BUT A "SPIRITUAL 669 00:18:37,282 --> 00:18:38,150 OCTEGENARIAN." 670 00:18:38,150 --> 00:18:39,818 BUT HOLY SHIT, PEOPLE SURE AGED 671 00:18:39,818 --> 00:18:41,353 A LOT WORSE BACK WHEN WE PAINTED 672 00:18:41,353 --> 00:18:42,588 EVERYTHING WITH LEAD AND LET 673 00:18:42,588 --> 00:18:43,355 PEOPLE SMOKE IN THE DELIVERY 674 00:18:43,355 --> 00:18:44,590 ROOM. 675 00:18:44,590 --> 00:18:46,325 UNFORTUNATELY, BY THE LATE 676 00:18:46,325 --> 00:18:47,693 1960S, PSYCHEDELICS BECAME 677 00:18:47,693 --> 00:18:48,994 INCREASINGLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE 678 00:18:48,994 --> 00:18:49,528 COUNTERCULTURE. 679 00:18:49,528 --> 00:18:50,863 AND AS THE GOVERNMENT CRACKED 680 00:18:50,863 --> 00:18:52,798 DOWN ON THAT MOVEMENT, THEY 681 00:18:52,798 --> 00:18:54,366 BEGAN AN ERA OF ANTI-PSYCHEDELIC 682 00:18:54,366 --> 00:18:57,769 HYSTERIA. 683 00:18:57,769 --> 00:18:58,237 AND IT WAS INTENSE. 684 00:18:58,237 --> 00:18:59,471 JUNK STUDIES MADE DUBIOUS BUT 685 00:18:59,471 --> 00:19:00,272 TERRIFYING CLAIMS, LIKE THAT LSD 686 00:19:00,272 --> 00:19:02,140 COULD WARP YOUR CHROMOSOMES, AND 687 00:19:02,140 --> 00:19:04,176 EDUCATIONAL FILMS EMPLOYED A 688 00:19:04,176 --> 00:19:05,944 WIDE RANGE OF TONES, AND SCARE 689 00:19:05,944 --> 00:19:07,479 TACTICS, LIKE THESE. 690 00:19:07,479 --> 00:19:09,548 THIS IS A FETUS FROM A MOTHER 691 00:19:09,548 --> 00:19:11,116 NOT RECEIVING LSD, A NORMAL 692 00:19:11,116 --> 00:19:12,551 FETUS. 693 00:19:12,551 --> 00:19:14,553 THIS IS A FETUS FROM THE MOTHER 694 00:19:14,553 --> 00:19:15,487 RECEIVING LSD. 695 00:19:15,487 --> 00:19:16,955 I KNOW DOCTORS, AND I KNOW 696 00:19:16,955 --> 00:19:18,757 LAWYERS, AND I KNOW THE MOST 697 00:19:18,757 --> 00:19:22,027 STABLE PEOPLE IN THE WORLD THAT 698 00:19:22,027 --> 00:19:24,129 HAVE TAKEN TRIPS ON LSD AND ARE 699 00:19:24,129 --> 00:19:25,631 STILL WAITING TO RETURN. 700 00:19:25,631 --> 00:19:34,106 UNFORTUNATELY, THESE DREAMY, 701 00:19:34,106 --> 00:19:36,308 PSYCHEDELIC TRIPS ARE VERY 702 00:19:36,308 --> 00:19:36,675 OFTEN, ONE-WAY. 703 00:19:36,675 --> 00:19:37,109 John: WOW, OKAY. 704 00:19:37,109 --> 00:19:37,743 THAT'S QUITE THE SMEAR CAMPAIGN, 705 00:19:37,743 --> 00:19:38,477 FROM THE HAMSTER FETUS THAT 706 00:19:38,477 --> 00:19:39,912 LOOKS LIKE DINO NUGGETS, TO THE 707 00:19:39,912 --> 00:19:40,679 WOMAN SCREAMING AT YOU ABOUT ALL 708 00:19:40,679 --> 00:19:41,647 THE DOCTORS AND LAWYERS SHE 709 00:19:41,647 --> 00:19:42,714 KNOWS, TO THE HEARSE THAT 710 00:19:42,714 --> 00:19:43,715 APPARENTLY MAKES HOUSE CALLS. 711 00:19:43,715 --> 00:19:45,250 AND WHILE ALL OF THAT WAS 712 00:19:45,250 --> 00:19:46,118 NONSENSE, I DO MISS THE DAYS 713 00:19:46,118 --> 00:19:48,754 WHEN WE USED TO GET DRESSED UP 714 00:19:48,754 --> 00:19:49,254 TO WATCH OUR DRUGGED-OUT 715 00:19:49,254 --> 00:19:50,355 RELATIVES GET CARTED OFF TO THE 716 00:19:50,355 --> 00:19:50,822 MORGUE. 717 00:19:50,822 --> 00:19:52,090 "HONEY, THEY'LL BE HAULING 718 00:19:52,090 --> 00:19:53,625 JIMMY'S BODY TO ITS FINAL STOP 719 00:19:53,625 --> 00:19:55,093 BEFORE HIPPIE HELL, QUICK, 720 00:19:55,093 --> 00:19:55,627 WHERE'S MY TIE CLIP? 721 00:19:55,627 --> 00:19:56,528 HELEN! 722 00:19:56,528 --> 00:19:57,896 TIE CLIP! 723 00:19:57,896 --> 00:19:58,864 THE NEIGHBORS MAY SEE, THEY'RE 724 00:19:58,864 --> 00:20:01,199 GONNA THINK WE'RE POOR, GET IT 725 00:20:01,199 --> 00:20:02,768 TOGETHER AND FIND MY TIE CLIP! 726 00:20:02,768 --> 00:20:05,804 THE BOY IS DEAD!" 727 00:20:05,804 --> 00:20:06,805 TALL TALES ABOUT LSD RAN 728 00:20:06,805 --> 00:20:07,906 RAMPANT. 729 00:20:07,906 --> 00:20:09,274 AT ONE POINT, A PENNSYLVANIA 730 00:20:09,274 --> 00:20:16,415 STATE COMMISSIONER BUT THE 731 00:20:16,415 --> 00:20:19,451 CLAIMED STUDENTS WENT COMPLETELY 732 00:20:19,451 --> 00:20:19,651 BLIND. 733 00:20:19,651 --> 00:20:21,320 BUT THE TRUTH AS HE MADE IT UP. 734 00:20:21,320 --> 00:20:22,621 HE LAID AND ADMITTED THE HOAX HE 735 00:20:22,621 --> 00:20:26,658 ATTENDED THE LECTURE AND BECAME 736 00:20:26,658 --> 00:20:28,427 CONCERNED HE WANTED TO SCARE 737 00:20:28,427 --> 00:20:30,495 PEOPLE AWAY FROM THE DRUG BUT 738 00:20:30,495 --> 00:20:31,730 THE HYSTERIA HIT ITS ABSOLUTE 739 00:20:31,730 --> 00:20:32,497 PEAK WHEN NIXON 740 00:20:32,497 --> 00:20:33,131 PASSED THE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES 741 00:20:33,131 --> 00:20:33,665 ACT, WHICH PLACED LSD AND 742 00:20:33,665 --> 00:20:34,299 PSILOCYBIN IN THE MOST 743 00:20:34,299 --> 00:20:36,335 RESTRICTIVE LEGAL CATEGORY 744 00:20:36,335 --> 00:20:36,935 POSSIBLE, ALONGSIDE DRUGS LIKE 745 00:20:36,935 --> 00:20:43,141 HEROIN, ESSENTIALLY STOPPING 746 00:20:43,141 --> 00:20:43,709 MEDICAL RESEARCH DEAD IN ITS 747 00:20:43,709 --> 00:20:44,309 TRACKS. 748 00:20:44,309 --> 00:20:45,077 ONE RESEARCHER DESCRIBED THE 749 00:20:45,077 --> 00:20:45,677 WORK AS BEING PUT IN THE "DEEP 750 00:20:45,677 --> 00:20:47,012 FREEZE." 751 00:20:47,012 --> 00:20:47,579 AND WHEN SCIENTISTS STARTED 752 00:20:47,579 --> 00:20:48,981 WORKING WITH MDMA, IT, TOO, GOT 753 00:20:48,981 --> 00:20:50,115 SWEPT UP INTO THE PANIC, WITH 754 00:20:50,115 --> 00:20:51,550 THE JOURNAL SCIENCE ALLEGING 755 00:20:51,550 --> 00:20:53,518 THAT JUST ONE USE CAN CAUSE 756 00:20:53,518 --> 00:20:54,152 PERMANENT BRAIN DAMAGE IN 757 00:20:54,152 --> 00:21:00,192 MONKEYS, A STUDY THAT GOT A LOT 758 00:21:00,192 --> 00:21:00,726 OF ATTENTION BEFORE BEING 759 00:21:00,726 --> 00:21:02,094 RETRACTED AFTER IT WAS FOUND 760 00:21:02,094 --> 00:21:03,128 THAT THE MONKEYS HADN'T ACTUALLY 761 00:21:03,128 --> 00:21:04,796 TAKEN MDMA AT ALL, 762 00:21:04,796 --> 00:21:06,064 BUT INSTEAD, HAD BEEN GIVEN 763 00:21:06,064 --> 00:21:07,032 METH. 764 00:21:07,032 --> 00:21:07,833 AND THAT IS A VERY DIFFERENT 765 00:21:07,833 --> 00:21:10,369 DRUG! 766 00:21:10,369 --> 00:21:11,269 ANY STUDY'S RESULT IS GOING TO 767 00:21:11,269 --> 00:21:12,604 CHANGE IF THE INDEPENDENT 768 00:21:12,604 --> 00:21:13,705 VARIABLE IS SUDDENLY, AND 769 00:21:13,705 --> 00:21:16,708 UNEXPECTEDLY, METH. 770 00:21:16,708 --> 00:21:17,809 "WE'VE STUDIED THE VACCINE FOR 771 00:21:17,809 --> 00:21:19,444 COVID AND THE PARTICIPANTS ARE 772 00:21:19,444 --> 00:21:22,280 GOING APESHIT FOR IT!" 773 00:21:22,280 --> 00:21:23,348 BUT IN RECENT YEARS, PERCEPTIONS 774 00:21:23,348 --> 00:21:24,549 HAVE FINALLY BEGUN TO SHIFT, 775 00:21:24,549 --> 00:21:26,084 WITH THE FDA GRANTING 776 00:21:26,084 --> 00:21:28,286 BREAKTHROUGH STATUS TO SUPPORT 777 00:21:28,286 --> 00:21:29,521 THE STUDY OF MDMA FOR TREATING 778 00:21:29,521 --> 00:21:30,856 PTSD, AND DOING THE SAME FOR 779 00:21:30,856 --> 00:21:32,524 PSILOCYBIN TO TREAT DEPRESSION. 780 00:21:32,524 --> 00:21:34,092 AND AT THIS POINT, LET'S TALK 781 00:21:34,092 --> 00:21:35,427 ABOUT EXACTLY WHY PSYCHEDELICS 782 00:21:35,427 --> 00:21:37,629 CAN BE SO EFFECTIVE. 783 00:21:37,629 --> 00:21:38,597 DIFFERENT ONES CAN WORK IN 784 00:21:38,597 --> 00:21:39,631 DIFFERENT WAYS, BUT FOR 785 00:21:39,631 --> 00:21:41,066 INSTANCE, RESEARCH SHOWS THAT 786 00:21:41,066 --> 00:21:42,267 MDMA DAMPENS THE RESPONSE IN THE 787 00:21:42,267 --> 00:21:43,702 AMYGDALA, WHICH IS THE 788 00:21:43,702 --> 00:21:45,337 THREAT-DETECTING CENTER OF THE 789 00:21:45,337 --> 00:21:46,938 BRAIN, MEANING YOU'RE ABLE TO 790 00:21:46,938 --> 00:21:48,273 CONFRONT AND PROCESS TRAUMA THAT 791 00:21:48,273 --> 00:21:50,108 YOU CAN'T OTHERWISE FACE. 792 00:21:50,108 --> 00:21:51,743 HERE'S ONE RESEARCHER EXPLAINING 793 00:21:51,743 --> 00:21:53,478 HOW IT WORKS WITH A STORY ABOUT 794 00:21:53,478 --> 00:21:55,247 TAKING MDMA RECREATIONALLY IN 795 00:21:55,247 --> 00:21:56,715 HIS YOUNGER DAYS. 796 00:21:56,715 --> 00:21:58,417 I CAN REMEMBER ONE TIME AFTER 797 00:21:58,417 --> 00:22:00,819 A RAVE, ALL OF US LYING AROUND 798 00:22:00,819 --> 00:22:03,155 ALL LOVED UP AND SOMEBODY SAID, 799 00:22:03,155 --> 00:22:04,456 "OH, WOW, THIS IS AMAZING. 800 00:22:04,456 --> 00:22:06,124 IT'S SO BEAUTIFUL. 801 00:22:06,124 --> 00:22:06,725 EVERYTHING'S SO PERFECT." 802 00:22:06,725 --> 00:22:08,894 AND SOMEONE SAID, "LET'S THINK 803 00:22:08,894 --> 00:22:09,528 OF THE WORST POSSIBLE THING WE 804 00:22:09,528 --> 00:22:11,163 CAN IMAGINE." 805 00:22:11,163 --> 00:22:11,997 AND SOMEONE SAID, "LET'S-- 806 00:22:11,997 --> 00:22:14,132 LET'S IMAGINE OUR MUMS DYING." 807 00:22:14,132 --> 00:22:15,333 AND THEN SOMEONE SAID, "IT'S NOT 808 00:22:15,333 --> 00:22:18,203 THAT BAD." 809 00:22:18,203 --> 00:22:19,705 AND I DIDN'T KNOW IT THEN, BUT 810 00:22:19,705 --> 00:22:24,076 THAT REALLY WAS WHAT MDMA DOES. 811 00:22:24,076 --> 00:22:27,879 IT ALLOWS YOU TO THINK ABOUT AND 812 00:22:27,879 --> 00:22:29,281 GO TO THOSE DARK, DIFFICULT, 813 00:22:29,281 --> 00:22:32,350 FORBIDDEN AVOIDANT MEMORIES THAT 814 00:22:32,350 --> 00:22:32,951 YOU NORMALLY WOULDN'T BE ABLE TO 815 00:22:32,951 --> 00:22:34,219 TOUCH. 816 00:22:34,219 --> 00:22:36,588 John: THAT'S FASCINATING, AND 817 00:22:36,588 --> 00:22:37,823 I'M GLAD THAT WORKED OUT FOR 818 00:22:37,823 --> 00:22:38,457 HIM, BUT "LET'S IMAGINE OUR MUMS 819 00:22:38,457 --> 00:22:42,294 DYING" DOESN'T SOUND AN AMAZING 820 00:22:42,294 --> 00:22:43,328 TIME. 821 00:22:43,328 --> 00:22:44,296 IT SOUNDS LIKE A RAVE DJ'D BY 822 00:22:44,296 --> 00:22:45,564 WERNER HERZOG. 823 00:22:45,564 --> 00:22:47,199 "LIFE IS FLEETING. 824 00:22:47,199 --> 00:22:48,967 LET'S IMAGINE OUR MUMS DYING AS 825 00:22:48,967 --> 00:22:50,769 A SOLEMN REMINDER THAT ALL WE 826 00:22:50,769 --> 00:22:52,237 HAVE IS TONIGHT. 827 00:22:52,237 --> 00:22:54,172 NOW, WAVE YOUR HANDS IN THE AIR 828 00:22:54,172 --> 00:22:55,841 AS IF OUR SLOW PASSAGE TOWARDS 829 00:22:55,841 --> 00:22:57,509 OBLIVION MAKES YOU JUST NOT 830 00:22:57,509 --> 00:23:02,781 CARE." 831 00:23:02,781 --> 00:23:04,616 [LAUGHTER] 832 00:23:04,616 --> 00:23:05,317 [APPLAUSE] 833 00:23:05,317 --> 00:23:05,917 NOW, TO BE CLEAR, PSYCHEDELIC 834 00:23:05,917 --> 00:23:06,518 THERAPY INVOLVES MUCH MORE THAN 835 00:23:06,518 --> 00:23:08,553 JUST TAKING A PILL. 836 00:23:08,553 --> 00:23:11,323 THESE DRUGS ALONE DON'T 837 00:23:11,323 --> 00:23:11,990 AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCE RESULTS. 838 00:23:11,990 --> 00:23:13,592 USUALLY, TREATMENT ENTAILS 839 00:23:13,592 --> 00:23:15,060 MULTIPLE SESSIONS LASTING MOST 840 00:23:15,060 --> 00:23:16,495 OF THE DAY, IN WHICH YOU TAKE 841 00:23:16,495 --> 00:23:17,796 MDMA OR PSILOCYBIN UNDER THE 842 00:23:17,796 --> 00:23:19,131 SUPERVISION OF MEDICAL 843 00:23:19,131 --> 00:23:19,831 PROFESSIONALS, AND THEN FOLLOW 844 00:23:19,831 --> 00:23:20,766 UP WITH PROCESSING AND 845 00:23:20,766 --> 00:23:21,600 AFTERCARE. 846 00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:22,801 THEY'RE NOT A REPLACEMENT FOR 847 00:23:22,801 --> 00:23:23,935 CONVENTIONAL TALK THERAPY, THEY 848 00:23:23,935 --> 00:23:25,904 JUST SEEM TO MAKE YOU MUCH MORE 849 00:23:25,904 --> 00:23:27,506 RECEPTIVE TO IT. 850 00:23:27,506 --> 00:23:29,107 JUST WATCH THIS FORMER 851 00:23:29,107 --> 00:23:30,442 FIREFIGHTER NARRATE VIDEO OF 852 00:23:30,442 --> 00:23:31,943 HIMSELF, UNDERGOING 853 00:23:31,943 --> 00:23:33,478 MDMA-ASSISTED THERAPY. 854 00:23:33,478 --> 00:23:34,212 THIS IS YOUR FIRST MEDICATED 855 00:23:34,212 --> 00:23:35,180 TREATMENT SESSION. 856 00:23:35,180 --> 00:23:36,414 CORRECT. 857 00:23:36,414 --> 00:23:37,482 THIS IS THE BEGINNING OF SOME 858 00:23:37,482 --> 00:23:38,116 INTERESTING REVELATIONS ON THIS 859 00:23:38,116 --> 00:23:39,618 VIDEO. 860 00:23:39,618 --> 00:23:40,886 ARE YOU FEELING COMPLETELY 861 00:23:40,886 --> 00:23:41,520 CONSCIOUS AND YOU'RE IN CONTROL 862 00:23:41,520 --> 00:23:42,587 AND-- 863 00:23:42,587 --> 00:23:44,523 YEAH, I FELT LIKE I WAS ABLE 864 00:23:44,523 --> 00:23:46,625 TO RELAX EVEN WHEN I WAS TALKING 865 00:23:46,625 --> 00:23:47,793 THROUGH PROBABLY MY MOST 866 00:23:47,793 --> 00:23:49,795 TRAUMATIC MEMORIES. 867 00:23:49,795 --> 00:23:51,029 I DON'T THINK I'D SEEN A DEAD 868 00:23:51,029 --> 00:23:55,066 PERSON UNTIL THEN. 869 00:23:55,066 --> 00:23:55,767 FIRST ONE WAS GRUESOME, TOO. 870 00:23:55,767 --> 00:23:57,035 IT WAS LIKE BEING ABLE TO TAKE A 871 00:23:57,035 --> 00:23:59,304 BIG BREATH, YOU KNOW, AFTER 872 00:23:59,304 --> 00:23:59,871 BEING STUCK UNDERWATER FOR A 873 00:23:59,871 --> 00:24:00,839 LONG TIME. 874 00:24:00,839 --> 00:24:02,374 John: YEAH, AND YOU CAN SEE 875 00:24:02,374 --> 00:24:04,075 THE UTILITY OF HAVING TWO PEOPLE 876 00:24:04,075 --> 00:24:05,477 EITHER SIDE OF THAT MAN, TALKING 877 00:24:05,477 --> 00:24:06,511 HIM THROUGH THE EXPERIENCE. 878 00:24:06,511 --> 00:24:08,079 AND IF IT SOUNDS LIKE I'M 879 00:24:08,079 --> 00:24:09,447 TREATING "HAVING TWO PEOPLE TO 880 00:24:09,447 --> 00:24:10,015 TALK TO ABOUT YOUR FEELINGS" 881 00:24:10,015 --> 00:24:11,650 LIKE A RADICAL IDEA, YOU HAVE TO 882 00:24:11,650 --> 00:24:15,253 REMEMBER I WAS BORN TRAGICALLY, 883 00:24:15,253 --> 00:24:16,288 MEDICALLY BRITISH. 884 00:24:16,288 --> 00:24:18,523 WHAT'S INTERESTING IS, IT'S NOT 885 00:24:18,523 --> 00:24:20,792 JUST THAT YOUR FEAR IS MUTED, 886 00:24:20,792 --> 00:24:21,993 YOUR BRAIN'S ABILITY TO MAKE 887 00:24:21,993 --> 00:24:23,061 OTHER CONNECTIONS AND FORGE NEW 888 00:24:23,061 --> 00:24:23,562 NEURAL PATHWAYS IS ALSO 889 00:24:23,562 --> 00:24:24,930 HEIGHTENED. 890 00:24:24,930 --> 00:24:26,131 MEANING THESE SESSIONS CAN 891 00:24:26,131 --> 00:24:27,098 FUNDAMENTALLY ALTER THE WAY YOU 892 00:24:27,098 --> 00:24:28,400 PROCESS THINGS. 893 00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:29,835 THAT'S THOUGHT TO BE ONE REASON 894 00:24:29,835 --> 00:24:30,769 WHY PSYCHEDELICS ARE SO 895 00:24:30,769 --> 00:24:31,703 PROMISING FOR TREATING 896 00:24:31,703 --> 00:24:32,304 CONDITIONS LIKE ADDICTION AND 897 00:24:32,304 --> 00:24:34,339 DEPRESSION. 898 00:24:34,339 --> 00:24:36,274 AND WHY THEY'RE PROVING 899 00:24:36,274 --> 00:24:36,875 ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR DEALING 900 00:24:36,875 --> 00:24:38,243 WITH TRAUMA. 901 00:24:38,243 --> 00:24:39,678 THAT'S WHAT MAKES THIS FORM OF 902 00:24:39,678 --> 00:24:41,112 THERAPY PARTICULARLY APPEALING 903 00:24:41,112 --> 00:24:42,881 TO VETERANS, AS PTSD IS AN 904 00:24:42,881 --> 00:24:43,949 URGENT ISSUE FOR THEM. 905 00:24:43,949 --> 00:24:46,051 IN 2019, OVER 6,000 VETERANS 906 00:24:46,051 --> 00:24:47,953 DIED BY SUICIDE, A RATE 907 00:24:47,953 --> 00:24:49,788 SUBSTANTIALLY HIGHER THAN THE 908 00:24:49,788 --> 00:24:51,256 GENERAL POPULATION. 909 00:24:51,256 --> 00:24:52,524 AND IT'S NOT LIKE THE VA'S 910 00:24:52,524 --> 00:24:54,392 CURRENT TREATMENT METHODS ARE 911 00:24:54,392 --> 00:24:55,660 PARTICULARLY EFFECTIVE. 912 00:24:55,660 --> 00:24:57,128 REMEMBER THE GUY FROM EARLIER, 913 00:24:57,128 --> 00:24:58,396 WHO COMPARED PSYCHEDELIC 914 00:24:58,396 --> 00:24:59,030 TREATMENT TO A BATHTUB FULL OF 915 00:24:59,030 --> 00:25:00,732 PUPPIES? 916 00:25:00,732 --> 00:25:02,133 LISTEN TO HIM DESCRIBE THE 917 00:25:02,133 --> 00:25:03,835 MENTAL HEALTH CARE FROM THE VA. 918 00:25:03,835 --> 00:25:05,670 HE INITIALLY RECEIVED. 919 00:25:05,670 --> 00:25:07,472 I DROVE TO WOMACK ARMY 920 00:25:07,472 --> 00:25:09,007 MEDICAL CENTER AT FORT BRAGG, 921 00:25:09,007 --> 00:25:09,574 AND I SAID I WAS GONNA KILL 922 00:25:09,574 --> 00:25:12,010 MYSELF. 923 00:25:12,010 --> 00:25:19,718 THEY GAVE ME SIX XANAX, TOLD ME 924 00:25:19,718 --> 00:25:20,318 NOT TO TAKE THEM ALL AT THE SAME 925 00:25:20,318 --> 00:25:20,919 TIME BECAUSE IT MIGHT KILL ME. 926 00:25:20,919 --> 00:25:21,853 THEY ASKED IF I HAD GUNS AT 927 00:25:21,853 --> 00:25:22,721 HOME, AND I SAID YES, A LOT, AND 928 00:25:22,721 --> 00:25:23,355 THEY ASKED IF I HAD AMMO, I SAID 929 00:25:23,355 --> 00:25:24,522 YEAH, PLENTY. 930 00:25:24,522 --> 00:25:25,657 AND THEY SAID OKAY WHEN YOU GET 931 00:25:25,657 --> 00:25:27,058 HOME, GIVE ALL YOUR GUNS TO A 932 00:25:27,058 --> 00:25:28,226 NEIGHBOR, THIS IS LIKE 4:00 IN 933 00:25:28,226 --> 00:25:31,129 THE MORNING. 934 00:25:31,129 --> 00:25:32,330 AND THEY SAID COME BACK AFTER 935 00:25:32,330 --> 00:25:33,798 THE HOLIDAYS. 936 00:25:33,798 --> 00:25:35,333 John: OKAY, I KNEW THE VA'S 937 00:25:35,333 --> 00:25:37,002 MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES WERE 938 00:25:37,002 --> 00:25:38,403 SUBPAR, BUT I DIDN'T KNOW THEY 939 00:25:38,403 --> 00:25:40,372 STOOPED TO "HERE'S A BUNCH OF 940 00:25:40,372 --> 00:25:41,006 WAYS TO KILL YOURSELF, BUT HONOR 941 00:25:41,006 --> 00:25:42,173 SYSTEM, DON'T. 942 00:25:42,173 --> 00:25:43,541 ANYWAY, SEE YOU AFTER THE 943 00:25:43,541 --> 00:25:46,077 SADDEST TIME OF THE YEAR!" 944 00:25:46,077 --> 00:25:48,280 THANKFULLY, THAT GUY SAW SUCH A 945 00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:49,514 PROFOUND CHANGE FROM MDMA 946 00:25:49,514 --> 00:25:50,382 THERAPY THAT HE'S HELPING TO 947 00:25:50,382 --> 00:25:51,650 LEAD A MOVEMENT TO ALLOW 948 00:25:51,650 --> 00:25:53,218 PSYCHEDELICS TO BE USED TO TREAT 949 00:25:53,218 --> 00:25:55,587 CONDITIONS LIKE PTSD, ENLISTING 950 00:25:55,587 --> 00:25:56,621 HELP FROM DEMOCRATIC LAWMAKERS 951 00:25:56,621 --> 00:25:58,623 LIKE AOC, AND EVEN REPUBLICAN 952 00:25:58,623 --> 00:25:59,991 LEADERS LIKE RICK PERRY AND 953 00:25:59,991 --> 00:26:02,127 DAN CRENSHAW. 954 00:26:02,127 --> 00:26:04,529 AND THAT KIND OF BIPARTISAN 955 00:26:04,529 --> 00:26:05,597 CONSENSUS HAS BROUGHT US TO THE 956 00:26:05,597 --> 00:26:07,432 TIPPING POINT WE'RE AT NOW. 957 00:26:07,432 --> 00:26:08,166 BECAUSE SO FAR, IN THE U.S., 958 00:26:08,166 --> 00:26:09,434 THESE DRUGS HAVE ONLY LEGALLY 959 00:26:09,434 --> 00:26:11,503 BEEN AVAILABLE TO PEOPLE IN 960 00:26:11,503 --> 00:26:12,771 CLINICAL TRIALS. 961 00:26:12,771 --> 00:26:13,805 BUT OVER THE NEXT YEAR, IT'S 962 00:26:13,805 --> 00:26:15,173 WIDELY ANTICIPATED THAT THE FDA 963 00:26:15,173 --> 00:26:16,908 WILL APPROVE MDMA FOR CLINICAL 964 00:26:16,908 --> 00:26:18,743 USE, WITH PSILOCYBIN EXPECTED TO 965 00:26:18,743 --> 00:26:20,145 FOLLOW A FEW YEARS LATER, AND 966 00:26:20,145 --> 00:26:22,514 MAYBE EVEN LSD ONE DAY. 967 00:26:22,514 --> 00:26:23,982 MEANING WE MAY BE ABOUT TO 968 00:26:23,982 --> 00:26:26,551 FINALLY REALIZE SOME OF THE HUGE 969 00:26:26,551 --> 00:26:28,787 POTENTIAL OF PSYCHEDELICS. 970 00:26:28,787 --> 00:26:30,155 WHICH IS GREAT. 971 00:26:30,155 --> 00:26:31,489 BUT IT'S WORTH BEING VERY 972 00:26:31,489 --> 00:26:34,092 CAREFUL AT THIS POINT TO MAKE 973 00:26:34,092 --> 00:26:35,260 SURE WE DON'T REPEAT PAST 974 00:26:35,260 --> 00:26:36,027 MISTAKES, OR, INDEED, MAKE NEW 975 00:26:36,027 --> 00:26:38,964 ONES. 976 00:26:38,964 --> 00:26:39,597 AND THOSE WHO WORK IN THIS FIELD 977 00:26:39,597 --> 00:26:40,832 POINT TO A FEW BIG AREAS FOR 978 00:26:40,832 --> 00:26:41,299 CAUTION. 979 00:26:41,299 --> 00:26:42,434 THE FIRST CONCERNS HOW 980 00:26:42,434 --> 00:26:43,802 PSYCHEDELICS ARE ADMINISTERED, 981 00:26:43,802 --> 00:26:45,136 AND BY WHOM. 982 00:26:45,136 --> 00:26:46,104 BECAUSE WHILE PEOPLE HAVE USED 983 00:26:46,104 --> 00:26:47,205 THESE DRUGS RECREATIONALLY 984 00:26:47,205 --> 00:26:48,707 FOREVER, AND WILL CONTINUE TO AT 985 00:26:48,707 --> 00:26:50,241 PARTIES, AT RAVES, IN NATURE, OR 986 00:26:50,241 --> 00:26:53,078 TO REALLY LIVEN UP A BAPTISM, 987 00:26:53,078 --> 00:26:56,514 PSYCHEDELIC-ASSISTED THERAPY IS 988 00:26:56,514 --> 00:26:57,882 NOT FOR EVERYONE. 989 00:26:57,882 --> 00:26:58,917 FOR EXAMPLE, ANYONE WITH A 990 00:26:58,917 --> 00:27:00,919 HISTORY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA OR 991 00:27:00,919 --> 00:27:01,486 PSYCHOSIS MAY WANT TO STEER 992 00:27:01,486 --> 00:27:02,354 CLEAR. 993 00:27:02,354 --> 00:27:03,588 AND EVEN IF YOU ARE A GOOD 994 00:27:03,588 --> 00:27:05,757 MATCH, BECAUSE THESE DRUGS CAN 995 00:27:05,757 --> 00:27:07,392 PUT YOU IN AN INCREDIBLY 996 00:27:07,392 --> 00:27:08,927 VULNERABLE STATE, EXPERTS 997 00:27:08,927 --> 00:27:09,928 EMPHASIZE THE IMPORTANCE OF 998 00:27:09,928 --> 00:27:11,429 TRYING THEM IN A CONTROLLED 999 00:27:11,429 --> 00:27:13,231 SETTING, WHICH IDEALLY WOULD 1000 00:27:13,231 --> 00:27:13,832 INVOLVE TWO PEOPLE PRESENT AT 1001 00:27:13,832 --> 00:27:15,533 ALL TIMES, AND EVEN VIDEOTAPING 1002 00:27:15,533 --> 00:27:17,235 THE SESSION LIKE THAT ONE THAT 1003 00:27:17,235 --> 00:27:18,703 YOU JUST SAW EARLIER. 1004 00:27:18,703 --> 00:27:19,938 THEY ADVISE THIS NOT JUST FOR 1005 00:27:19,938 --> 00:27:21,306 YOUR OWN SAFETY, BUT ALSO 1006 00:27:21,306 --> 00:27:22,140 BECAUSE, FOR ALL THEIR POTENTIAL 1007 00:27:22,140 --> 00:27:24,275 BENEFITS, THESE DRUGS AREN'T 1008 00:27:24,275 --> 00:27:25,310 ALWAYS A BATHTUB FULL OF 1009 00:27:25,310 --> 00:27:27,012 PUPPIES. 1010 00:27:27,012 --> 00:27:28,980 WE TELL PEOPLE THAT THEIR 1011 00:27:28,980 --> 00:27:31,216 EXPERIENCES MAY VARY, FROM VERY 1012 00:27:31,216 --> 00:27:33,451 POSITIVE TO, YOU KNOW, 1013 00:27:33,451 --> 00:27:34,853 TRANSCENDENT AND LOVELY, TO 1014 00:27:34,853 --> 00:27:36,221 LITERALLY HELL REALM 1015 00:27:36,221 --> 00:27:37,255 EXPERIENCES. 1016 00:27:37,255 --> 00:27:38,656 HELL REALM? 1017 00:27:38,656 --> 00:27:40,358 AS FRIGHTENING AN EXPERIENCE 1018 00:27:40,358 --> 00:27:42,027 AS YOU HAVE EVER HAD IN YOUR 1019 00:27:42,027 --> 00:27:43,461 LIFE. 1020 00:27:43,461 --> 00:27:44,863 John: THAT DOES SOUND BAD, 1021 00:27:44,863 --> 00:27:46,531 ALTHOUGH TO BE FAIR, YOU DON'T 1022 00:27:46,531 --> 00:27:48,400 NEED TO TAKE DRUGS TO GET TO THE 1023 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:49,267 HELL REALM. 1024 00:27:49,267 --> 00:27:50,835 AFTER ALL, THAT'S WHY AIRPORTS 1025 00:27:50,835 --> 00:27:53,605 HAVE SBARRO'S. 1026 00:27:53,605 --> 00:27:55,974 BUT IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT 1027 00:27:55,974 --> 00:27:58,109 EVEN THOSE IN STUDIES WHO'VE 1028 00:27:58,109 --> 00:27:58,843 REPORTED "HELL-REALM" TYPE 1029 00:27:58,843 --> 00:28:00,445 EXPERIENCES HAVE OFTEN STILL 1030 00:28:00,445 --> 00:28:02,213 FELT THEY'D BENEFITED FROM THE 1031 00:28:02,213 --> 00:28:03,415 TREATMENT. 1032 00:28:03,415 --> 00:28:04,049 BUT SAFETY IS NOT THE ONLY WORRY 1033 00:28:04,049 --> 00:28:05,250 HERE. 1034 00:28:05,250 --> 00:28:06,918 THERE ARE ALSO CONCERNS OVER 1035 00:28:06,918 --> 00:28:07,452 ACCESSIBILITY. 1036 00:28:07,452 --> 00:28:09,487 THESE TREATMENTS ARE LIKELY TO 1037 00:28:09,487 --> 00:28:10,989 BE VERY EXPENSIVE, AND THERE ARE 1038 00:28:10,989 --> 00:28:11,689 SOME PLAYERS ANGLING TO MAKE 1039 00:28:11,689 --> 00:28:13,324 THEM EVEN MORE SO. 1040 00:28:13,324 --> 00:28:15,693 JUST LOOK AT COMPASS PATHWAYS, A 1041 00:28:15,693 --> 00:28:16,728 FOR-PROFIT PSYCHEDELIC COMPANY 1042 00:28:16,728 --> 00:28:18,563 BACKED BY PETER THIEL. 1043 00:28:18,563 --> 00:28:20,031 IT SOUGHT, AND OBTAINED, PATENTS 1044 00:28:20,031 --> 00:28:21,800 TO PROTECT ITS FORMULATIONS OF 1045 00:28:21,800 --> 00:28:22,700 PSYCHEDELIC COMPOUNDS, WHICH 1046 00:28:22,700 --> 00:28:24,402 ALREADY SEEMS PRETTY AGGRESSIVE 1047 00:28:24,402 --> 00:28:26,204 FOR A DRUG THAT, REMEMBER, HAS 1048 00:28:26,204 --> 00:28:27,205 BEEN AROUND FOR THOUSANDS OF 1049 00:28:27,205 --> 00:28:28,306 YEARS. 1050 00:28:28,306 --> 00:28:30,575 AND COMPASS'S EXECUTIVES SEEMED 1051 00:28:30,575 --> 00:28:31,676 PRETTY DEFENSIVE WHEN THEY WERE 1052 00:28:31,676 --> 00:28:33,244 PRESSED ABOUT THIS. 1053 00:28:33,244 --> 00:28:34,746 DO YOU REALLY BELIEVE THAT 1054 00:28:34,746 --> 00:28:36,748 YOUR FORM OF PSILOCYBIN IS NOVEL 1055 00:28:36,748 --> 00:28:38,049 AND NON-OBVIOUS? 1056 00:28:38,049 --> 00:28:39,217 WELL, IT DOESN'T REALLY 1057 00:28:39,217 --> 00:28:40,752 MATTER WHAT WE BELIEVE. 1058 00:28:40,752 --> 00:28:42,454 WHAT DOES MATTER IS WHAT THE 1059 00:28:42,454 --> 00:28:43,788 U.S. PATENT OFFICE BELIEVES, 1060 00:28:43,788 --> 00:28:45,423 WHAT THE UK PATENT OFFICE 1061 00:28:45,423 --> 00:28:46,958 BELIEVES, WHAT GERMANY, WHAT 1062 00:28:46,958 --> 00:28:47,959 HONG KONG BELIEVES. 1063 00:28:47,959 --> 00:28:51,162 AND ALL OF THEM BELIEVE THAT 1064 00:28:51,162 --> 00:28:51,830 ACTUALLY IT IS, BECAUSE WE HAVE 1065 00:28:51,830 --> 00:28:53,331 THE GRANTED PATENTS. 1066 00:28:53,331 --> 00:28:54,265 John: OKAY, BUT, WE SHOULDN'T 1067 00:28:54,265 --> 00:28:56,201 NECESSARILY TRUST THE U.S. 1068 00:28:56,201 --> 00:28:57,402 PATENT OFFICE AS AN ARBITER OF 1069 00:28:57,402 --> 00:28:58,203 GOOD JUDGMENT. 1070 00:28:58,203 --> 00:28:59,704 THIS IS THE SAME PLACE THAT 1071 00:28:59,704 --> 00:29:01,339 ISSUED PATENTS FOR AN UMBRELLA 1072 00:29:01,339 --> 00:29:03,441 FOR YOUR BEER, A TRICYCLE WITH A 1073 00:29:03,441 --> 00:29:04,909 LAWNMOWER ATTACHED TO IT, AND A 1074 00:29:04,909 --> 00:29:05,810 STICK. 1075 00:29:05,810 --> 00:29:07,412 THAT'S IT, JUST A STICK FOR 1076 00:29:07,412 --> 00:29:08,546 ANIMALS TO PLAY WITH. 1077 00:29:08,546 --> 00:29:09,881 SOMEONE AT THE PATENT OFFICE SAW 1078 00:29:09,881 --> 00:29:11,082 THAT AND SAID, "WE'VE NEVER SEEN 1079 00:29:11,082 --> 00:29:11,649 A STICK BEFORE! 1080 00:29:11,649 --> 00:29:13,785 APPROVED!" 1081 00:29:13,785 --> 00:29:15,453 SO TAKE "WHAT THEY BELIEVE IS 1082 00:29:15,453 --> 00:29:17,655 IMPORTANT" WITH A PINCH OF SALT. 1083 00:29:17,655 --> 00:29:18,189 AND IT'S NOT JUST THE DRUG 1084 00:29:18,189 --> 00:29:19,290 FORMULATION. 1085 00:29:19,290 --> 00:29:20,892 COMPASS HAS ALSO TRIED TO PATENT 1086 00:29:20,892 --> 00:29:22,760 OTHER ASPECTS OF WHAT'S OFTEN 1087 00:29:22,760 --> 00:29:24,095 CALLED THE "SET AND SETTING" OF 1088 00:29:24,095 --> 00:29:24,729 TREATMENT, FROM THE ROOM 1089 00:29:24,729 --> 00:29:27,165 COMPRISING SOFT FURNITURE, OR 1090 00:29:27,165 --> 00:29:29,467 BEING DECORATED USING MUTED 1091 00:29:29,467 --> 00:29:31,069 COLORS, TO THE SUBJECT LYING ON 1092 00:29:31,069 --> 00:29:41,246 A BED OR ON A COUCH, OR "WEARING 1093 00:29:41,246 --> 00:29:46,484 LIKE ME CAP THOUGH MY PENTON 1094 00:29:46,484 --> 00:29:47,685 THING THE CONCEPT OF WEARING A 1095 00:29:47,685 --> 00:29:49,087 SUIT WHILE SITTING AT A DESK. 1096 00:29:49,087 --> 00:29:49,721 I'M CLEARLY NOT THE ONLY PERSON 1097 00:29:49,721 --> 00:29:50,054 WHO DOES THIS. 1098 00:29:50,054 --> 00:29:50,722 NOW IF I WERE TO PATENT THE 1099 00:29:50,722 --> 00:29:51,656 CONCEPT OF DOING THAT WHILE 1100 00:29:51,656 --> 00:29:52,290 MAKING YOU WONDER WHY THE FUCK 1101 00:29:52,290 --> 00:29:53,525 THE TV IS STILL ON AFTER 1102 00:29:53,525 --> 00:29:55,994 "THE LAST OF US" HAS ENDED. 1103 00:29:55,994 --> 00:29:57,295 THAT WOULD BE UNIQUE MY MY 1104 00:29:57,295 --> 00:29:58,563 THING. 1105 00:29:58,563 --> 00:29:59,164 NOW, THOSE "SET AND SETTING" 1106 00:29:59,164 --> 00:29:59,764 PATENT APPLICATIONS ARE STILL 1107 00:29:59,764 --> 00:30:00,999 PENDING, BUT THE VERY FACT THEY 1108 00:30:00,999 --> 00:30:01,966 APPLIED FOR THEM AT ALL IS A 1109 00:30:01,966 --> 00:30:02,567 PRETTY CLEAR SIGN OF JUST HOW 1110 00:30:02,567 --> 00:30:03,568 AGGRESSIVE COMPANIES IN THIS 1111 00:30:03,568 --> 00:30:04,068 SPACE INTEND TO BE GOING 1112 00:30:04,068 --> 00:30:10,041 FORWARD. 1113 00:30:10,041 --> 00:30:10,542 AND IT'S NOT LIKE THESE 1114 00:30:10,542 --> 00:30:11,176 TREATMENTS ARE GOING TO BE CHEAP 1115 00:30:11,176 --> 00:30:12,243 TO START WITH. 1116 00:30:12,243 --> 00:30:13,478 EXPERTS PROJECT A COURSE OF 1117 00:30:13,478 --> 00:30:14,946 PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY IS LIKELY TO 1118 00:30:14,946 --> 00:30:15,847 COST UPWARDS OF $15,000. 1119 00:30:15,847 --> 00:30:16,848 AND GIVEN THAT, AS WE'VE 1120 00:30:16,848 --> 00:30:18,650 DISCUSSED BEFORE ON THIS SHOW, 1121 00:30:18,650 --> 00:30:19,784 THERE'S CURRENTLY A MASSIVE 1122 00:30:19,784 --> 00:30:20,385 SHORTAGE OF MENTAL-HEALTH 1123 00:30:20,385 --> 00:30:21,719 PROFESSIONALS IN THIS COUNTRY, 1124 00:30:21,719 --> 00:30:23,154 DUE IN PART TO HOW FUCKED-UP OUR 1125 00:30:23,154 --> 00:30:24,556 HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM IS. 1126 00:30:24,556 --> 00:30:26,157 YOU CAN SEE HOW THIS COULD 1127 00:30:26,157 --> 00:30:28,526 EASILY BECOME A BIG MESS, OR 1128 00:30:28,526 --> 00:30:29,761 ONLY ACCESSIBLE TO THE 1129 00:30:29,761 --> 00:30:34,065 WEALTHIEST AMERICANS. 1130 00:30:34,065 --> 00:30:34,666 SO THERE'S A LOT TO FIGURE OUT 1131 00:30:34,666 --> 00:30:36,367 HERE EVEN BEFORE YOU GET TO 1132 00:30:36,367 --> 00:30:37,635 QUESTIONS LIKE, "WHO'LL REGULATE 1133 00:30:37,635 --> 00:30:38,903 PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY?" 1134 00:30:38,903 --> 00:30:40,939 BECAUSE THE FDA IS IN CHARGE OF 1135 00:30:40,939 --> 00:30:42,140 DRUGS, BUT IT DOESN'T REGULATE 1136 00:30:42,140 --> 00:30:43,675 THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. 1137 00:30:43,675 --> 00:30:45,109 NOW, STATE LAWS COULD COVER IT, 1138 00:30:45,109 --> 00:30:46,945 STATE REGULATORY AGENCIES COULD, 1139 00:30:46,945 --> 00:30:47,545 OR PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 1140 00:30:47,545 --> 00:30:49,714 MIGHT. 1141 00:30:49,714 --> 00:30:52,116 BUT SOMEONE HAS TO, BECAUSE IF 1142 00:30:52,116 --> 00:30:52,750 THEY DON'T, PEOPLE ARE LIKELY TO 1143 00:30:52,750 --> 00:30:54,152 GET HURT, WHICH COULD SEND US 1144 00:30:54,152 --> 00:30:56,888 ALL THE WAY BACK TO 1145 00:30:56,888 --> 00:30:57,488 FEARMONGERING, BANS, AND 1146 00:30:57,488 --> 00:30:59,324 RESEARCH GETTING PUT ON ICE. 1147 00:30:59,324 --> 00:31:00,625 WHICH IS THE LAST THING WE 1148 00:31:00,625 --> 00:31:02,160 SHOULD WANT TO HAPPEN. 1149 00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:02,994 BECAUSE THERE IS MASSIVE 1150 00:31:02,994 --> 00:31:05,396 POTENTIAL HERE. 1151 00:31:05,396 --> 00:31:06,431 THESE TREATMENTS HAVE SHOWN THAT 1152 00:31:06,431 --> 00:31:08,933 THEY CAN HAVE LASTING EFFECTS. 1153 00:31:08,933 --> 00:31:09,834 REMEMBER THE WORLD'S OLDEST 1154 00:31:09,834 --> 00:31:13,705 33-YEAR-OLD YOU SAW EARLIER, 1155 00:31:13,705 --> 00:31:14,472 WHOSE LSD TREATMENT SEEMED TO 1156 00:31:14,472 --> 00:31:15,840 HAVE CURBED HIS ALCOHOLISM? 1157 00:31:15,840 --> 00:31:19,010 CBS CAUGHT UP WITH HIM A 1158 00:31:19,010 --> 00:31:19,644 QUARTER-CENTURY LATER TO SEE HOW 1159 00:31:19,644 --> 00:31:20,845 THINGS WERE GOING, AND THE 1160 00:31:20,845 --> 00:31:22,614 ANSWER WAS "PRETTY WELL." 1161 00:31:22,614 --> 00:31:24,782 LSD ALLOWED ME TO SEE MY OWN 1162 00:31:24,782 --> 00:31:26,184 MIND. 1163 00:31:26,184 --> 00:31:27,085 THERE WAS A PROBLEM THAT I HAD 1164 00:31:27,085 --> 00:31:28,886 TO RESOLVE, AND I FACED IT, AND 1165 00:31:28,886 --> 00:31:30,555 IT DISAPPEARED. 1166 00:31:30,555 --> 00:31:31,990 FAR AS I'M CONCERNED, I WOULDN'T 1167 00:31:31,990 --> 00:31:33,024 TAKE A MILLION DOLLARS FOR THE 1168 00:31:33,024 --> 00:31:34,692 PEACE OF MIND THAT I OBTAINED 1169 00:31:34,692 --> 00:31:38,463 FROM THIS THERAPY. 1170 00:31:38,463 --> 00:31:39,030 IT WAS THAT GOOD, THAT 1171 00:31:39,030 --> 00:31:40,298 REFRESHING, THAT REJUVENATING. 1172 00:31:40,298 --> 00:31:44,502 AND THAT ENDURING. 1173 00:31:44,502 --> 00:31:46,137 John: EXACTLY, 30 YEARS 1174 00:31:46,137 --> 00:31:50,074 LATER, HE WAS STILL BENEFITING 1175 00:31:50,074 --> 00:31:50,508 FROM THE TREATMENT. 1176 00:31:50,508 --> 00:31:51,009 WHICH IS STRIKING. 1177 00:31:51,009 --> 00:31:51,909 YOU'D THINK THAT WE'D HAVE ACTED 1178 00:31:51,909 --> 00:31:52,777 ON EVIDENCE LIKE THAT, BUT 1179 00:31:52,777 --> 00:31:53,378 INSTEAD, WE'VE SPENT THE LAST 1180 00:31:53,378 --> 00:31:55,079 HALF-CENTURY TERRIFYING PEOPLE 1181 00:31:55,079 --> 00:31:55,680 WITH BOGUS SCIENCE AND GIVING 1182 00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:57,148 METH TO MONKEYS. 1183 00:31:57,148 --> 00:31:58,716 BUT THE GOOD NEWS IS, WE'RE 1184 00:31:58,716 --> 00:31:59,951 FINALLY MOVING FORWARD. 1185 00:31:59,951 --> 00:32:01,319 AND HOPEFULLY, WE'LL DO THAT 1186 00:32:01,319 --> 00:32:03,421 WITH REAL CAUTION AND REAL CARE. 1187 00:32:03,421 --> 00:32:05,223 BECAUSE IF WE DO, MAYBE, JUST 1188 00:32:05,223 --> 00:32:08,326 MAYBE ONE DAY, YOU'LL SEE ADS 1189 00:32:08,326 --> 00:32:09,861 FOR PSYCHEDELIC THERAPY ON TV 1190 00:32:09,861 --> 00:32:10,762 WITH A VOICEOVER WARNING YOU 1191 00:32:10,762 --> 00:32:12,864 THAT SIDE EFFECTS MAY INCLUDE 1192 00:32:12,864 --> 00:32:14,098 VISITS TO THE HELL REALM AND 1193 00:32:14,098 --> 00:32:15,300 RAINBOWS SHOOTING OUT OF YOUR 1194 00:32:15,300 --> 00:32:18,336 DICK. 1195 00:32:18,336 --> 00:32:21,939 AND NOW THIS. 1196 00:32:21,939 --> 00:32:24,475 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 1197 00:32:24,475 --> 00:32:28,613 Announcer: AND NOW, NBC FOR 1198 00:32:28,613 --> 00:32:31,849 WASHINGTON'S PAT COLLINS. 1199 00:32:31,849 --> 00:32:33,584 THAT'S BITTERSWEET GOODBYE 1200 00:32:33,584 --> 00:32:35,653 FOR THE NEWS FAMILY AFTER 50 1201 00:32:35,653 --> 00:32:37,021 YEARS IN JOURNALISM, OUR FRIEND 1202 00:32:37,021 --> 00:32:39,424 AND COLLEAGUE PAT COLLINS IS 1203 00:32:39,424 --> 00:32:40,725 RETIRING. 1204 00:32:40,725 --> 00:32:46,431 JP, A GENTLEMAN'S CLUB IN 1205 00:32:46,431 --> 00:32:46,764 LUBBERS PARK. 1206 00:32:46,764 --> 00:32:48,733 TONIGHT, NO GENTLEMAN. 1207 00:32:48,733 --> 00:32:51,602 TONIGHT, NO LADIES. 1208 00:32:51,602 --> 00:32:54,672 TONIGHT, JUST A LOT OF NOTHING. 1209 00:32:54,672 --> 00:32:57,709 THIS IS HOW IT GOES. 1210 00:32:57,709 --> 00:33:00,211 ARE YOU ALL RIGHT, SIR? 1211 00:33:00,211 --> 00:33:02,647 DO YOU NEED SOME HELP, SIR? 1212 00:33:02,647 --> 00:33:04,615 DO YOU NEED TO GET SOMETHING OUT 1213 00:33:04,615 --> 00:33:08,286 OF YOUR CAR BEFORE WE STEAL IT, 1214 00:33:08,286 --> 00:33:09,554 SIR? 1215 00:33:09,554 --> 00:33:11,489 LOOK AT THE LIST, LOOK AT THE 1216 00:33:11,489 --> 00:33:11,689 LIST! 1217 00:33:11,689 --> 00:33:15,193 LOOK AT THE LIST. 1218 00:33:15,193 --> 00:33:17,362 WHILE NUMBER NINE, I'LL NUMBER 1219 00:33:17,362 --> 00:33:17,595 NINE 1220 00:33:17,595 --> 00:33:22,967 ATTENTION MAJOR SHOPLIFTING JOB 1221 00:33:22,967 --> 00:33:25,570 ON AISLE NUMBER NINE. 1222 00:33:25,570 --> 00:33:29,407 WHY IS THIS MAN RUNNING. 1223 00:33:29,407 --> 00:33:32,710 WAIT A MINUTE, HERE'S HIS OTHER 1224 00:33:32,710 --> 00:33:36,647 SHOE, IT'S IN THIS BAG! 1225 00:33:36,647 --> 00:33:38,916 AND THEN, AND THEN, NOT LONG 1226 00:33:38,916 --> 00:33:44,389 AFTER THE TAKEOFF OF THAT UNITED 1227 00:33:44,389 --> 00:33:47,291 767 PLANE, A PASSENGER LEANED 1228 00:33:47,291 --> 00:33:50,428 BACK INTO THE LOVE OF ANOTHER 1229 00:33:50,428 --> 00:33:51,262 PASSENGER APPEARED THERE IS A 1230 00:33:51,262 --> 00:33:52,130 FIGHT AND THE PILOT DECIDES TO 1231 00:33:52,130 --> 00:33:59,604 TURN THE PLAYING AROUND. 1232 00:33:59,604 --> 00:34:02,807 THEY FLEW ABOVE THE UNITED PLANE 1233 00:34:02,807 --> 00:34:06,210 ESCORTED AS IT LANDED HERE 1234 00:34:06,210 --> 00:34:08,813 BECAUSE YOU NEVER CAN BE TOO 1235 00:34:08,813 --> 00:34:09,046 SURE. 1236 00:34:09,046 --> 00:34:13,418 ♪ ♪ 1237 00:34:13,418 --> 00:34:13,885 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 1238 00:34:13,885 --> 00:34:14,986 John: THAT'S OUR SHOW, 1239 00:34:14,986 --> 00:34:17,422 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR WATCHING. 1240 00:34:17,422 --> 00:34:19,157 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK! 1241 00:34:19,157 --> 00:34:21,259 GOOD NIGHT! 1242 00:34:21,259 --> 00:34:23,327 ANY DISCIPLINARY ACTION, THEY 1243 00:34:23,327 --> 00:34:25,530 JUST HAVE TO ASSUME. 1244 00:34:25,530 --> 00:34:27,532 BUT WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, YOU 1245 00:34:27,532 --> 00:34:29,233 MIGHT SEE THEIR POINT. 1246 00:34:29,233 --> 00:34:31,469 IT STARTS WITH A BANANA, THEN 1247 00:34:31,469 --> 00:34:32,770 ALL OF A SUDDEN HAVE AN APPLE 1248 00:34:32,770 --> 00:34:34,872 AND AN ORANGE AND THEN MAYBE A 1249 00:34:34,872 --> 00:34:35,072 GRAPE. 1250 00:34:35,072 --> 00:34:37,108 BEFORE YOU KNOW IT, YOU HAVE 1251 00:34:37,108 --> 00:34:40,311 FRUIT SALAD AT THE SCHOOLS! 1252 00:34:40,311 --> 00:34:41,379 WE CAN'T HAVE THAT.