1 00:00:04,237 --> 00:00:26,926 ♪ ♪ 2 00:00:26,926 --> 00:00:31,831 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 3 00:00:31,831 --> 00:00:32,966 John: WELCOME, WELCOME, 4 00:00:32,966 --> 00:00:34,401 WELCOME TO "LAST WEEK TONIGHT!" 5 00:00:34,401 --> 00:00:36,269 I'M JOHN OLIVER, THANKS SO MUCH 6 00:00:36,269 --> 00:00:38,571 FOR JOINING US. 7 00:00:38,571 --> 00:00:39,973 AND LOOK, I KNOW I NORMALLY SAY 8 00:00:39,973 --> 00:00:40,607 IT'S BEEN A BUSY WEEK, BUT TO BE 9 00:00:40,607 --> 00:00:41,908 HONEST, THIS ONE'S BEEN A BIT 10 00:00:41,908 --> 00:00:42,108 SLOW. 11 00:00:42,108 --> 00:00:45,211 A NEW STUDY SUGGESTED THAT 12 00:00:45,211 --> 00:00:46,413 T-REXES HAD LIPS, THE SOAP OPERA 13 00:00:46,413 --> 00:00:47,781 "THE YOUNG AND THE RESTLESS" 14 00:00:47,781 --> 00:00:48,982 CELEBRATED 50 YEARS ON 15 00:00:48,982 --> 00:00:49,949 TELEVISION, DONALD TRUMP BECAME 16 00:00:49,949 --> 00:00:51,418 THE FIRST-EVER FORMER PRESIDENT 17 00:00:51,418 --> 00:00:52,419 TO BE INDICTED ON CRIMINAL 18 00:00:52,419 --> 00:00:54,521 CHARGES, AND A PHOTO OF THE POPE 19 00:00:54,521 --> 00:00:56,389 WEARING A BIG, POOFY JACKET WENT 20 00:00:56,389 --> 00:00:57,824 VIRAL BEFORE IT WAS REVEALED TO 21 00:00:57,824 --> 00:00:58,625 BE FAKE. 22 00:00:58,625 --> 00:01:00,226 SO, PRETTY QUIET IN GENERAL. 23 00:01:00,226 --> 00:01:02,695 AND LOOK, I'D TALK MORE ABOUT 24 00:01:02,695 --> 00:01:04,230 THE TRUMP INDICTMENT IF WE EVEN 25 00:01:04,230 --> 00:01:05,865 KNEW WHAT THE EXACT CHARGES WERE 26 00:01:05,865 --> 00:01:07,233 RIGHT NOW, BUT WE DON'T. 27 00:01:07,233 --> 00:01:07,967 SO INSTEAD, LET'S START WITH 28 00:01:07,967 --> 00:01:09,469 FRANCE. 29 00:01:09,469 --> 00:01:11,738 EUROPE'S HIGH SCHOOL BULLY. 30 00:01:11,738 --> 00:01:12,672 FOR WEEKS NOW, FRANCE HAS BEEN 31 00:01:12,672 --> 00:01:15,275 IN TURMOIL. 32 00:01:15,275 --> 00:01:17,777 FIRES ACROSS FRANCE. 33 00:01:17,777 --> 00:01:19,846 ONE PROTESTER TELLING US, "THIS 34 00:01:19,846 --> 00:01:20,513 IS A WAR." 35 00:01:20,513 --> 00:01:22,949 HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS TAKING TO 36 00:01:22,949 --> 00:01:23,450 THE STREETS. 37 00:01:23,450 --> 00:01:24,951 THE HISTORIC UNREST SPARKED BY 38 00:01:24,951 --> 00:01:26,653 PRESIDENT MACRON'S PLAN TO RAISE 39 00:01:26,653 --> 00:01:28,988 THE RETIREMENT AGE FROM 62 TO 40 00:01:28,988 --> 00:01:30,590 64, RAMMING THE MEASURES THROUGH 41 00:01:30,590 --> 00:01:31,825 HIS COUNTRY'S LEGISLATURE 42 00:01:31,825 --> 00:01:33,793 WITHOUT A VOTE. 43 00:01:33,793 --> 00:01:34,894 IN PARIS WHERE BINS AND 44 00:01:34,894 --> 00:01:37,197 NEWSPAPER KIOSKS HAVE BEEN SET 45 00:01:37,197 --> 00:01:37,931 ALIGHT SOME FIREFIGHTERS PUT OUT 46 00:01:37,931 --> 00:01:40,600 THE FLAMES. 47 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:42,001 OTHERS JOINED IN WITH THE 48 00:01:42,001 --> 00:01:47,607 PROTESTERS. 49 00:01:47,607 --> 00:01:48,908 John: IT'S TRUE, PEOPLE ARE 50 00:01:48,908 --> 00:01:49,609 SO PISSED AT WHAT MACRON'S BEEN 51 00:01:49,609 --> 00:01:50,176 DOING THAT FIREFIGHTERS HAVE 52 00:01:50,176 --> 00:01:51,711 STARTED SIDING WITH FIRE INSTEAD 53 00:01:51,711 --> 00:01:53,680 OF HIM. 54 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:54,848 AND IT'S HONESTLY KIND OF 55 00:01:54,848 --> 00:01:57,650 JARRING TO SEE FIRES IN PARIS 56 00:01:57,650 --> 00:01:58,218 THAT WERE STARTED BY SOMETHING 57 00:01:58,218 --> 00:01:59,452 OTHER THAN THEIR USUAL CAUSE: 58 00:01:59,452 --> 00:02:00,787 THE EXPLOSIVE HEAT GENERATED BY 59 00:02:00,787 --> 00:02:02,555 INA AND JEFFREY'S RELENTLESS 60 00:02:02,555 --> 00:02:03,089 FUCKING AT THEIR PARISIAN 61 00:02:03,089 --> 00:02:05,458 APARTMENT. 62 00:02:05,458 --> 00:02:06,593 NOW, MACRON CLAIMS THAT WITHOUT 63 00:02:06,593 --> 00:02:07,927 THIS MOVE-- WHICH, REMEMBER, 64 00:02:07,927 --> 00:02:09,863 HE'S PUSHED THROUGH WITHOUT A 65 00:02:09,863 --> 00:02:10,930 VOTE-- THE GOVERNMENT WILL 66 00:02:10,930 --> 00:02:11,965 ACCRUE MASSIVE DEFICITS. 67 00:02:11,965 --> 00:02:13,366 BUT HIS OPPONENTS ARGUE THAT 68 00:02:13,366 --> 00:02:14,467 PENSION FUNDING CAN COME FROM 69 00:02:14,467 --> 00:02:15,768 OTHER SOURCES, LIKE RAISING 70 00:02:15,768 --> 00:02:17,036 TAXES ON THE WEALTHY. 71 00:02:17,036 --> 00:02:19,339 AND LOOK, A RETIREMENT AGE OF 72 00:02:19,339 --> 00:02:20,707 62 IS LOW, EVEN BY THE STANDARDS 73 00:02:20,707 --> 00:02:22,308 OF WESTERN NATIONS. 74 00:02:22,308 --> 00:02:23,676 IN GERMANY, THE COMPARABLE 75 00:02:23,676 --> 00:02:25,378 RETIREMENT AGE IS 65. 76 00:02:25,378 --> 00:02:26,813 IN ITALY, IT'S 67. 77 00:02:26,813 --> 00:02:28,214 AND IN THE U.S., THE RETIREMENT 78 00:02:28,214 --> 00:02:31,951 AGE IS "NO." 79 00:02:31,951 --> 00:02:33,520 SO FRANCE IS LUCKY TO HAVE THE 80 00:02:33,520 --> 00:02:35,355 KIND OF BOLD SOCIAL WELFARE 81 00:02:35,355 --> 00:02:36,122 POLICY THAT'S GETTING RARER 82 00:02:36,122 --> 00:02:36,422 NOWADAYS. 83 00:02:36,422 --> 00:02:38,024 BUT THAT'S PROBABLY WHY THEY'RE 84 00:02:38,024 --> 00:02:39,993 FIGHTING SO HARD TO PROTECT IT. 85 00:02:39,993 --> 00:02:41,828 AND I WILL SAY THESE PROTESTS 86 00:02:41,828 --> 00:02:43,496 HAVE BROUGHT OUT MOMENTS THAT 87 00:02:43,496 --> 00:02:44,030 ARE JUST QUINTESSENTIALLY 88 00:02:44,030 --> 00:02:44,898 FRENCH. 89 00:02:44,898 --> 00:02:46,566 TAKE A LOOK AT THIS VIRAL 90 00:02:46,566 --> 00:02:47,634 VIDEO FROM FRANCE. 91 00:02:47,634 --> 00:02:49,636 DINERS IN THE CITY OF BORDEAUX 92 00:02:49,636 --> 00:02:51,404 UNFAZED BY DEMONSTRATORS 93 00:02:51,404 --> 00:02:52,906 PROTESTING AGAINST RECENT 94 00:02:52,906 --> 00:02:54,874 CHANGES TO THE RETIREMENT AGE. 95 00:02:54,874 --> 00:02:56,743 EVEN WITH A RAGING FIRE NEARBY, 96 00:02:56,743 --> 00:02:58,411 THESE PEOPLE ARE STILL MANAGING 97 00:02:58,411 --> 00:02:59,546 TO ENJOY THEIR WINE AND 98 00:02:59,546 --> 00:03:03,449 CONVERSATION AT AN OUTDOOR CAFE. 99 00:03:03,449 --> 00:03:04,951 John: WOW, THAT IS ON-BRAND. 100 00:03:04,951 --> 00:03:06,719 I THINK IT'S SAFE TO SAY THAT, 101 00:03:06,719 --> 00:03:07,921 AFTER A NUCLEAR HOLOCAUST, THE 102 00:03:07,921 --> 00:03:08,988 ONLY CREATURES LEFT STANDING 103 00:03:08,988 --> 00:03:11,224 WILL BE COCKROACHES AND AN 104 00:03:11,224 --> 00:03:12,158 OUTLANDISHLY RELAXED, 105 00:03:12,158 --> 00:03:13,560 WINE-SIPPING FRENCH COUPLE 106 00:03:13,560 --> 00:03:15,295 ENTIRELY UNFAZED BY THE 107 00:03:15,295 --> 00:03:17,397 OBLITERATION OF SOCIETY. 108 00:03:17,397 --> 00:03:19,032 AND THE PROTESTORS THEMSELVES 109 00:03:19,032 --> 00:03:25,371 HAVE SOMETIMES BORDERED ON 110 00:03:25,371 --> 00:03:25,872 MAGNIFICENT SELF-PARODY. 111 00:03:25,872 --> 00:03:26,072 ♪ ♪ 112 00:03:26,072 --> 00:03:27,206 [CHANTING IN A NON-ENGLISH 113 00:03:27,206 --> 00:03:33,813 LANGUAGE] 114 00:03:33,813 --> 00:03:39,285 ♪ ♪ 115 00:03:39,285 --> 00:03:41,020 John: HOLY SHIT. 116 00:03:41,020 --> 00:03:43,089 SOMEONE CALL UN AMBULANCE. 117 00:03:43,089 --> 00:03:44,090 I THINK I JUST OVERDOSED ON 118 00:03:44,090 --> 00:03:46,593 FRENCHNESS. 119 00:03:46,593 --> 00:03:48,528 THAT'S HONESTLY INTIMIDATING TO 120 00:03:48,528 --> 00:03:52,632 WATCH, BECAUSE SHE'S DOING 121 00:03:52,632 --> 00:03:55,134 EVERYTHING THAT I CAN'T DO. 122 00:03:55,134 --> 00:03:56,603 DANCE, LOOK COOL IN SUNGLASSES, 123 00:03:56,603 --> 00:03:57,036 AND ROCK BANGS. 124 00:03:57,036 --> 00:03:57,637 LITERALLY NOTHING SHE'S DOING 125 00:03:57,637 --> 00:03:58,304 THERE WILL EVER BE POSSIBLE FOR 126 00:03:58,304 --> 00:03:59,906 ME AND IT MAKES ME A LITTLE SAD. 127 00:03:59,906 --> 00:04:01,074 NOW, FRANCE'S CONSTITUTIONAL 128 00:04:01,074 --> 00:04:02,141 COUNCIL IS EXPECTED TO RULE ON 129 00:04:02,141 --> 00:04:03,409 MACRON'S PLAN ON APRIL 14. 130 00:04:03,409 --> 00:04:04,877 BUT HE DOESN'T APPEAR WILLING TO 131 00:04:04,877 --> 00:04:06,980 BACK DOWN IN THE MEANTIME, AS 132 00:04:06,980 --> 00:04:08,181 EVEN THE ONE CONCESSION HIS 133 00:04:08,181 --> 00:04:09,515 GOVERNMENT MADE TO PROTESTORS 134 00:04:09,515 --> 00:04:10,817 WAS PRETTY INSULTING. 135 00:04:10,817 --> 00:04:12,352 THE GOVERNMENT HAS AGREED TO 136 00:04:12,352 --> 00:04:13,720 DIALOGUE, BUT NOT ANY KIND OF 137 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:15,021 DIALOGUE ABOUT DOING A U-TURN ON 138 00:04:15,021 --> 00:04:16,222 THE POLICY. 139 00:04:16,222 --> 00:04:17,557 THAT, THEY SAY, IS SIMPLY NOT 140 00:04:17,557 --> 00:04:19,092 GOING TO HAPPEN. 141 00:04:19,092 --> 00:04:20,226 John: HOLD ON, "WE'RE OPEN TO 142 00:04:20,226 --> 00:04:21,728 A DIALOGUE, JUST NOT THE KIND 143 00:04:21,728 --> 00:04:22,595 YOU WANT." 144 00:04:22,595 --> 00:04:23,596 SO WHAT WOULD YOU EVEN TALK 145 00:04:23,596 --> 00:04:25,798 ABOUT? 146 00:04:25,798 --> 00:04:27,166 "SANK YOU PROTESTOURHS FOR 147 00:04:27,166 --> 00:04:28,701 AGREEING TO MEET WIZ ME. 148 00:04:28,701 --> 00:04:30,336 DO YOU THINK SOUP AND STEW OURH 149 00:04:30,336 --> 00:04:31,771 DIFFERAHNT THINGZ? 150 00:04:31,771 --> 00:04:36,809 OR NON?" 151 00:04:36,809 --> 00:04:37,910 THE POINT IS, MACRON MAY NEED TO 152 00:04:37,910 --> 00:04:39,412 RETHINK HIS STRATEGY HERE. 153 00:04:39,412 --> 00:04:40,613 BECAUSE THESE PROTESTORS AREN'T 154 00:04:40,613 --> 00:04:41,948 GOING TO BACK DOWN ANY TIME 155 00:04:41,948 --> 00:04:42,715 SOON. 156 00:04:42,715 --> 00:04:44,083 THE FRENCH PEOPLE ARE CLEARLY 157 00:04:44,083 --> 00:04:45,184 GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING FOR THEIR 158 00:04:45,184 --> 00:04:45,785 QUALITY OF LIFE. 159 00:04:45,785 --> 00:04:47,320 AND IF THIS WEEK IS ANY 160 00:04:47,320 --> 00:04:48,388 INDICATION, THEY'RE GOING TO 161 00:04:48,388 --> 00:04:49,622 LOOK PRETTY FUCKING COOL WHILE 162 00:04:49,622 --> 00:04:51,190 THEY DO IT. 163 00:04:51,190 --> 00:04:55,962 AND NOW, THIS. 164 00:04:55,962 --> 00:05:00,033 Announcer: AND NOW... 165 00:05:00,033 --> 00:05:02,101 THE LAST RIVER OF MORALITY IN 166 00:05:02,101 --> 00:05:03,936 TUCKER CARLSON'S HAD TRIED TO 167 00:05:03,936 --> 00:05:04,937 GIVE HIM ADVICE. 168 00:05:04,937 --> 00:05:06,339 SPEAK ON THE LEFT DOESN'T WANT 169 00:05:06,339 --> 00:05:08,908 TO ANSWER QUESTIONS OR HAVE THE 170 00:05:08,908 --> 00:05:09,242 CONVERSATION. 171 00:05:09,242 --> 00:05:11,511 IT'S DECLARE THE CURRENT 172 00:05:11,511 --> 00:05:13,212 SYSTEM IS GREAT. 173 00:05:13,212 --> 00:05:14,147 NOBODY WANTS TO HAVE THE 174 00:05:14,147 --> 00:05:14,380 DEBATE. 175 00:05:14,380 --> 00:05:16,749 HEY, CRAZY PEOPLE, WHAT ARE 176 00:05:16,749 --> 00:05:20,319 YOU TEACHING MY CHILDREN? 177 00:05:20,319 --> 00:05:23,289 AND OTHER WORDS, SHUT UP 178 00:05:23,289 --> 00:05:24,057 RACISTS. 179 00:05:24,057 --> 00:05:26,993 SHUT UP, RACISTS. 180 00:05:26,993 --> 00:05:28,961 SHUT UP RACISTS. 181 00:05:28,961 --> 00:05:30,630 THERE'S MORE WHERE THAT CAME 182 00:05:30,630 --> 00:05:30,830 FROM. 183 00:05:30,830 --> 00:05:35,368 SHUT UP, RACISTS. 184 00:05:35,368 --> 00:05:36,235 DIVERSITY, RACISM, DIVERSITY, 185 00:05:36,235 --> 00:05:38,304 SHUT UP, SHUT UP, SHUT UP. 186 00:05:38,304 --> 00:05:44,043 SHUT UP, RACISTS. 187 00:05:44,043 --> 00:05:44,911 Diversity, racism, diversity, 188 00:05:44,911 --> 00:05:47,780 SHUT UP, RACISTS. 189 00:05:47,780 --> 00:05:49,649 OKAY. 190 00:05:49,649 --> 00:05:50,083 John: MOVING ON. 191 00:05:50,083 --> 00:05:53,319 OUR MAIN STORY TONIGHT CONCERNS 192 00:05:53,319 --> 00:05:53,853 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT-- A 193 00:05:53,853 --> 00:05:54,654 PUNISHMENT INFLICTED ON 194 00:05:54,654 --> 00:05:55,655 PRISONERS, PET GOLDFISH, AND OF 195 00:05:55,655 --> 00:05:56,189 COURSE LANCE ARMSTRONG'S 196 00:05:56,189 --> 00:05:58,057 REMAINING TESTICLE. 197 00:05:58,057 --> 00:05:59,292 IT'S IN THERE ALL BY ITSELF! 198 00:05:59,292 --> 00:06:01,060 IT MUST BE SO LONELY. 199 00:06:01,060 --> 00:06:03,162 MOST OF US HAVE A GENERAL IDEA 200 00:06:03,162 --> 00:06:04,397 OF WHAT SOLITARY CONFINEMENT IS, 201 00:06:04,397 --> 00:06:05,064 ALTHOUGH, AS THIS TIK TOK 202 00:06:05,064 --> 00:06:06,799 MAN-ON-THE-STREET INTERVIEW 203 00:06:06,799 --> 00:06:07,400 DEMONSTRATES, OTHERS SEEM A 204 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:08,801 LITTLE UNSURE. 205 00:06:08,801 --> 00:06:09,969 IN SOLITARY CONFINEMENT, HOW 206 00:06:09,969 --> 00:06:11,137 MANY PRISONERS ARE IN EACH CELL? 207 00:06:11,137 --> 00:06:12,772 ONE. 208 00:06:12,772 --> 00:06:13,673 WAIT-- 209 00:06:13,673 --> 00:06:14,207 HE'S ALONE RIGHT? 210 00:06:14,207 --> 00:06:14,574 YEAH! 211 00:06:14,574 --> 00:06:15,208 IT'S ALONE. 212 00:06:15,208 --> 00:06:15,575 ONE. 213 00:06:15,575 --> 00:06:16,175 IT'S GOTTA BE ONE. 214 00:06:16,175 --> 00:06:17,176 I'M GONNA SAY-- I'M GONNA GO 215 00:06:17,176 --> 00:06:17,443 WITH ONE. 216 00:06:17,443 --> 00:06:18,377 ONE. 217 00:06:18,377 --> 00:06:19,045 FINAL ANSWER. 218 00:06:19,045 --> 00:06:20,146 YEAH, THAT'S RIGHT. 219 00:06:20,146 --> 00:06:22,615 YES! 220 00:06:22,615 --> 00:06:22,949 John: OKAY. 221 00:06:22,949 --> 00:06:24,117 I'M GLAD THEY GOT IT RIGHT, BUT 222 00:06:24,117 --> 00:06:25,718 IT TOOK THEM AN ALARMING AMOUNT 223 00:06:25,718 --> 00:06:26,719 OF TIME TO TRIPLE-TEAM THAT 224 00:06:26,719 --> 00:06:28,588 ANSWER. 225 00:06:28,588 --> 00:06:29,756 ALTHOUGH THAT DID GIVE ME A 226 00:06:29,756 --> 00:06:32,258 CHANCE TO ABSORB EVERY FASHION 227 00:06:32,258 --> 00:06:32,692 CHOICE THERE. 228 00:06:32,692 --> 00:06:33,726 BECAUSE YOU'D THINK THE BOLDEST 229 00:06:33,726 --> 00:06:35,161 ONE WOULD BE THIS KID WEARING 230 00:06:35,161 --> 00:06:37,230 LIGHT BLUE CROCS WITH A 231 00:06:37,230 --> 00:06:38,531 VIRGINITY ROCKS T-SHIRT, BUT 232 00:06:38,531 --> 00:06:39,999 THEN YOU'D BE IGNORING THAT THIS 233 00:06:39,999 --> 00:06:42,101 ONE'S WEARING HASHTAG SHOES, 234 00:06:42,101 --> 00:06:43,703 THIS ONE'S OUTFIT IS SOMEHOW 235 00:06:43,703 --> 00:06:45,605 BOTH TOO FORMAL AND TOO CASUAL, 236 00:06:45,605 --> 00:06:46,839 AND THIS ONE SEEMINGLY COULDN'T 237 00:06:46,839 --> 00:06:48,407 DECIDE IF HE WAS DRESSING FOR 238 00:06:48,407 --> 00:06:49,942 THE POOL OR GOLF, SO DECIDED ON 239 00:06:49,942 --> 00:06:51,110 BOTH. 240 00:06:51,110 --> 00:06:52,578 VERY BASICALLY EVERY ONE OF 241 00:06:52,578 --> 00:06:54,614 THESE HUMAN RED SOLO CUPS IS 242 00:06:54,614 --> 00:06:57,583 DRESSED INEXCUSABLY WRONG IN 243 00:06:57,583 --> 00:06:58,417 THEIR OWN UNIQUE WAY. 244 00:06:58,417 --> 00:06:58,951 I'M GENUINELY GLAD THEY ALL 245 00:06:58,951 --> 00:06:59,919 FOUND EACH OTHER AND I HOPE TO 246 00:06:59,919 --> 00:07:01,287 NEVER MEET ANY OF THEM UNDER ANY 247 00:07:01,287 --> 00:07:02,789 CIRCUMSTANCES. 248 00:07:02,789 --> 00:07:04,891 THE POINT IS, SOLITARY 249 00:07:04,891 --> 00:07:06,392 CONFINEMENT IS A COMMON ENOUGH 250 00:07:06,392 --> 00:07:08,761 PRACTICE THAT EVEN THOSE BROS 251 00:07:08,761 --> 00:07:09,996 BASICALLY KNOW ABOUT IT. 252 00:07:09,996 --> 00:07:10,797 AND THE FACT IS, IN THIS 253 00:07:10,797 --> 00:07:12,698 COUNTRY, FACILITIES FROM JAILS 254 00:07:12,698 --> 00:07:14,066 AND PRISONS TO IMMIGRATION 255 00:07:14,066 --> 00:07:15,668 DETENTION CENTERS ISOLATE A 256 00:07:15,668 --> 00:07:17,770 MASSIVE NUMBER OF PEOPLE. 257 00:07:17,770 --> 00:07:19,872 A 2016 DOJ REPORT FOUND THAT ON 258 00:07:19,872 --> 00:07:21,340 ANY GIVEN DAY, AN ESTIMATED 259 00:07:21,340 --> 00:07:24,577 90,000 INMATES IN PRISON AND 260 00:07:24,577 --> 00:07:26,779 JAIL ARE HOUSED IN ISOLATION. 261 00:07:26,779 --> 00:07:28,047 AND THAT'S ALMOST CERTAINLY AN 262 00:07:28,047 --> 00:07:30,449 UNDERCOUNT, GIVEN HOW POOR DATA 263 00:07:30,449 --> 00:07:31,417 COLLECTION ON THIS IS. 264 00:07:31,417 --> 00:07:33,686 YET, FOR HOW WIDESPREAD OUR USE 265 00:07:33,686 --> 00:07:35,021 OF SOLITARY IS, SOME OF THOSE IN 266 00:07:35,021 --> 00:07:36,389 CHARGE OF OUR PRISON SYSTEMS 267 00:07:36,389 --> 00:07:37,723 HAVE BEEN WEIRDLY IGNORANT ON 268 00:07:37,723 --> 00:07:38,825 THE PRACTICALITIES OF IT. 269 00:07:38,825 --> 00:07:41,227 TAKE THIS AMAZING EXCHANGE FROM 270 00:07:41,227 --> 00:07:42,361 2014, WHERE THEN-SENATOR 271 00:07:42,361 --> 00:07:44,130 AL FRANKEN ASKED THE THEN-HEAD 272 00:07:44,130 --> 00:07:45,698 OF THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS 273 00:07:45,698 --> 00:07:48,367 A PRETTY SIMPLE QUESTION. 274 00:07:48,367 --> 00:07:51,037 HOW BIG IS A CELL? 275 00:07:51,037 --> 00:07:54,540 HOW BIG IS THE AVERAGE CELL IN 276 00:07:54,540 --> 00:07:55,308 SOLITARY? 277 00:07:55,308 --> 00:07:57,844 YOU SAY THE AVERAGE SIZE? 278 00:07:57,844 --> 00:07:58,878 CELL, YEAH, THE SIZE OF THE 279 00:07:58,878 --> 00:07:59,278 CELL. 280 00:07:59,278 --> 00:08:01,581 HOW BIG IS IT? 281 00:08:01,581 --> 00:08:02,715 WHAT IS-- I'M TRYING TO GET 282 00:08:02,715 --> 00:08:04,650 THIS-- THIS IS A HUMAN THING 283 00:08:04,650 --> 00:08:05,952 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT. 284 00:08:05,952 --> 00:08:06,986 WE'VE GOT A LOT OF STATISTICS. 285 00:08:06,986 --> 00:08:11,190 HOW BIG IS THE CELL? 286 00:08:11,190 --> 00:08:13,359 THE-- THE AVERAGE SIZE OF A 287 00:08:13,359 --> 00:08:16,929 CELL IS-- I GUESS I'M TRYING TO 288 00:08:16,929 --> 00:08:19,765 - YOU'RE LOOKING FOR THE SPACE 289 00:08:19,765 --> 00:08:21,500 OF WHAT THE-- 290 00:08:21,500 --> 00:08:26,305 YES, THE DIMENSIONS IN FEET 291 00:08:26,305 --> 00:08:28,241 AND INCHES. 292 00:08:28,241 --> 00:08:30,309 THE SIZE OF THE CELL THAT A 293 00:08:30,309 --> 00:08:32,712 PERSON IS KEPT IN. 294 00:08:32,712 --> 00:08:34,881 I WANT TO GET SOME IDEA OF-- I 295 00:08:34,881 --> 00:08:36,115 DON'T KNOW-- AM I ASKING THIS 296 00:08:36,115 --> 00:08:37,717 WRONG? 297 00:08:37,717 --> 00:08:46,859 John: NO! 298 00:08:46,859 --> 00:08:47,393 NO, YOU'RE ABSOLUTELY NOT! 299 00:08:47,393 --> 00:08:47,994 AND HONESTLY, I WISH HE'D KEPT 300 00:08:47,994 --> 00:08:48,394 GOING. 301 00:08:48,394 --> 00:08:48,995 "OKAY, CLEARLY YOU'RE CONFUSED 302 00:08:48,995 --> 00:08:49,495 BY FEET AND INCHES. 303 00:08:49,495 --> 00:08:49,896 HOW ABOUT METERS? 304 00:08:49,896 --> 00:08:50,229 OR STEPS? 305 00:08:50,229 --> 00:08:51,130 IF YOU STOOD AT ONE END OF THE 306 00:08:51,130 --> 00:08:52,098 CELL, HOW MANY STEPS WOULD IT 307 00:08:52,098 --> 00:08:52,698 TAKE TO WALK TO THE OTHER END? 308 00:08:52,698 --> 00:08:53,199 NO? 309 00:08:53,199 --> 00:08:53,799 HOW MANY RABBITS COULD YOU FIT 310 00:08:53,799 --> 00:08:54,634 ON THE FLOOR OF ONE OF THOSE 311 00:08:54,634 --> 00:08:55,668 CELLS? 312 00:08:55,668 --> 00:08:56,269 HOW MANY RABBITS BIG IS ONE 313 00:08:56,269 --> 00:08:56,669 CELL? 314 00:08:56,669 --> 00:08:58,170 AM I ASKING THIS WRONG? 315 00:08:58,170 --> 00:08:59,272 BECAUSE THERE ARE LITERALLY NO 316 00:08:59,272 --> 00:09:00,039 OTHER WAYS TO ASK THIS 317 00:09:00,039 --> 00:09:02,074 QUESTION." 318 00:09:02,074 --> 00:09:04,110 FOR THE RECORD, THE AVERAGE SIZE 319 00:09:04,110 --> 00:09:06,312 OF A SOLITARY CELL IS 6 FEET BY 320 00:09:06,312 --> 00:09:08,180 9 FEET, WHICH IS WAY TOO SMALL 321 00:09:08,180 --> 00:09:10,216 FOR A PERSON TO BE STUCK IN FOR 322 00:09:10,216 --> 00:09:10,783 DAYS, WEEKS, MONTHS, OR EVEN 323 00:09:10,783 --> 00:09:13,452 YEARS ON END. 324 00:09:13,452 --> 00:09:15,354 THAT LEVEL OF ISOLATION IS WHY 325 00:09:15,354 --> 00:09:17,156 IN 2011, THE UNITED NATIONS 326 00:09:17,156 --> 00:09:18,391 SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR ON TORTURE 327 00:09:18,391 --> 00:09:19,692 DECLARED THAT, CONSIDERING THE 328 00:09:19,692 --> 00:09:22,061 SEVERE PAIN AND SUFFERING THAT 329 00:09:22,061 --> 00:09:23,462 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT CAN CAUSE, 330 00:09:23,462 --> 00:09:24,597 IT CAN AMOUNT TO TORTURE. 331 00:09:24,597 --> 00:09:26,032 THEY THEN CALLED ON ALL 332 00:09:26,032 --> 00:09:27,133 COUNTRIES TO PROHIBIT INDEFINITE 333 00:09:27,133 --> 00:09:28,868 AND PROLONGED SOLITARY 334 00:09:28,868 --> 00:09:30,102 CONFINEMENT IN EXCESS OF 15 335 00:09:30,102 --> 00:09:31,470 DAYS. 336 00:09:31,470 --> 00:09:34,540 WHICH REALLY ISN'T ASKING THAT 337 00:09:34,540 --> 00:09:35,641 MUCH, BUT IS ALSO SOMETHING 338 00:09:35,641 --> 00:09:36,976 THAT WE IN THE U.S. HAVE, TO PUT 339 00:09:36,976 --> 00:09:39,245 IT MILDLY, NOT DONE. 340 00:09:39,245 --> 00:09:40,947 WHICH IS APPALLING, AS SOLITARY 341 00:09:40,947 --> 00:09:43,582 REALLY TAKES ITS TOLL ON PEOPLE 342 00:09:43,582 --> 00:09:44,383 AS SOMEONE WHO'S ACTUALLY 343 00:09:44,383 --> 00:09:45,785 EXPERIENCED IT CAN TELL YOU. 344 00:09:45,785 --> 00:09:46,452 ASK YOURSELF, CAN YOU LIVE IN 345 00:09:46,452 --> 00:09:49,588 A BATHROOM FOR 10 YEARS? 346 00:09:49,588 --> 00:09:51,757 IT'S BAD TO LOCK AN INDIVIDUAL 347 00:09:51,757 --> 00:09:53,592 UP AND JUST PUT HIM IN A-- IN A 348 00:09:53,592 --> 00:09:57,330 ROOM, CLOSED, NOTHING TO DO. 349 00:09:57,330 --> 00:09:58,030 IT'S, I GUESS YOU COULD SAY, 350 00:09:58,030 --> 00:09:59,632 INHUMANE. 351 00:09:59,632 --> 00:10:02,635 AND I KNOW, "WE'RE INMATES AND 352 00:10:02,635 --> 00:10:03,402 BLAH, BLAH, BLAH," BUT, EXCUSE 353 00:10:03,402 --> 00:10:04,637 MY LANGUAGE, IT FUCKS ME UP. 354 00:10:04,637 --> 00:10:05,938 John: YEAH, OF COURSE THAT 355 00:10:05,938 --> 00:10:06,906 FUCKS YOU UP. 356 00:10:06,906 --> 00:10:08,341 HUMAN BEINGS ARE NOT MEANT TO 357 00:10:08,341 --> 00:10:11,944 SIT IN A BATHROOM FOR TEN YEARS 358 00:10:11,944 --> 00:10:13,112 WITH NOTHING TO DO. 359 00:10:13,112 --> 00:10:13,746 YOU'RE THINKING OF RETAINERS. 360 00:10:13,746 --> 00:10:14,347 THOSE ARE THE THINGS WE PLACE 361 00:10:14,347 --> 00:10:15,915 INTO A BATHROOM AND FULLY 362 00:10:15,915 --> 00:10:16,916 NEGLECT FOR AN ENTIRE DECADE. 363 00:10:16,916 --> 00:10:18,317 EVERYONE KNOWS THAT. 364 00:10:18,317 --> 00:10:19,719 SO GIVEN HOW PREVALENT IT IS, 365 00:10:19,719 --> 00:10:21,454 AND HOW DAMAGING IT CAN BE, 366 00:10:21,454 --> 00:10:22,655 TONIGHT, LET'S LOOK AT SOLITARY 367 00:10:22,655 --> 00:10:24,056 CONFINEMENT. 368 00:10:24,056 --> 00:10:25,291 AND LET'S START WITH THE FACT 369 00:10:25,291 --> 00:10:26,826 THAT IT HAS ITS ROOTS IN A 370 00:10:26,826 --> 00:10:28,194 SOMEWHAT UNEXPECTED PLACE. 371 00:10:28,194 --> 00:10:30,296 IT WAS ACTUALLY INTRODUCED BY 372 00:10:30,296 --> 00:10:32,031 THE QUAKERS AS A NOBLE 373 00:10:32,031 --> 00:10:33,666 EXPERIMENT IN REHABILITATION. 374 00:10:33,666 --> 00:10:35,568 THERE WAS A BELIEF THAT YOU 375 00:10:35,568 --> 00:10:37,570 COULD PUT A PRISONER IN HIS OWN 376 00:10:37,570 --> 00:10:38,804 SOLITARY CELL, FREED FROM THE 377 00:10:38,804 --> 00:10:39,605 EVIL INFLUENCES OF MODERN 378 00:10:39,605 --> 00:10:41,007 SOCIETY. 379 00:10:41,007 --> 00:10:43,576 AND IF YOU PUT THEM IN THAT 380 00:10:43,576 --> 00:10:46,145 CELL, THEY WOULD BECOME LIKE A 381 00:10:46,145 --> 00:10:48,714 PENITENT MONK, FREE TO COME 382 00:10:48,714 --> 00:10:50,149 CLOSE TO GOD AND TO THEIR OWN 383 00:10:50,149 --> 00:10:50,716 INNER BEING, AND THEY WOULD 384 00:10:50,716 --> 00:10:51,617 NATURALLY HEAL. 385 00:10:51,617 --> 00:10:52,718 John: IT'S TRUE! 386 00:10:52,718 --> 00:10:54,120 THE WHOLE IDEA OF SOLITARY CAME 387 00:10:54,120 --> 00:10:55,521 FROM QUAKERS. 388 00:10:55,521 --> 00:10:57,323 AND ON ONE HAND, IT'S NOT 389 00:10:57,323 --> 00:10:58,624 SURPRISING THAT A FORM OF BRUTAL 390 00:10:58,624 --> 00:11:00,159 TORTURE AND PUNISHMENT WAS 391 00:11:00,159 --> 00:11:01,927 INVENTED BY A RELIGIOUS GROUP. 392 00:11:01,927 --> 00:11:03,429 ON THE OTHER, IF YOU GAVE ME 393 00:11:03,429 --> 00:11:04,430 FIFTY GUESSES FOR WHICH ONE 394 00:11:04,430 --> 00:11:05,598 INVENTED LOCKING PEOPLE IN A 395 00:11:05,598 --> 00:11:06,699 SMALL ROOM ALONE TO FEEL GUILTY 396 00:11:06,699 --> 00:11:08,868 24 HOURS A DAY, I'D GUESS 397 00:11:08,868 --> 00:11:09,969 "CATHOLICS" FIFTY TIMES IN A 398 00:11:09,969 --> 00:11:13,472 ROW. 399 00:11:13,472 --> 00:11:16,375 [LAUGHTER] 400 00:11:16,375 --> 00:11:16,742 [APPLAUSE] 401 00:11:16,742 --> 00:11:17,343 QUAKERS BASICALLY THOUGHT THAT 402 00:11:17,343 --> 00:11:18,177 PRISONERS ISOLATED IN CELLS WITH 403 00:11:18,177 --> 00:11:18,811 A BIBLE COULD USE THAT TIME TO 404 00:11:18,811 --> 00:11:20,346 REFLECT, REPENT AND EVENTUALLY 405 00:11:20,346 --> 00:11:21,814 REFORM. 406 00:11:21,814 --> 00:11:23,516 THAT'S EVEN WHERE THE TERM 407 00:11:23,516 --> 00:11:24,750 "PENITENTIARY" ORIGINATED. 408 00:11:24,750 --> 00:11:26,252 WHICH IS A HANDY FUN FACT IF YOU 409 00:11:26,252 --> 00:11:28,020 EVER WANT TO QUICKLY RAISE A FEW 410 00:11:28,020 --> 00:11:31,457 RED FLAGS ON A FIRST DATE. 411 00:11:31,457 --> 00:11:32,158 [LAUGHTER] 412 00:11:32,158 --> 00:11:32,691 BUT BY THE MID-1800S, THE 413 00:11:32,691 --> 00:11:33,926 PSYCHOLOGICAL HARMS OF ISOLATION 414 00:11:33,926 --> 00:11:34,760 WERE BECOMING CLEAR. 415 00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:36,395 AND BY 1890, THE SUPREME COURT 416 00:11:36,395 --> 00:11:37,797 DECLARED THAT SOLITARY 417 00:11:37,797 --> 00:11:39,832 CONFINEMENT MADE PRISONERS, 418 00:11:39,832 --> 00:11:41,801 QUOTE, "VIOLENTLY INSANE." 419 00:11:41,801 --> 00:11:43,436 AFTER THAT, THE PRACTICE WAS 420 00:11:43,436 --> 00:11:45,771 LARGELY ABANDONED UNTIL THE 421 00:11:45,771 --> 00:11:47,139 1980S, WHEN MASS INCARCERATION 422 00:11:47,139 --> 00:11:48,374 LED TO PRISON OVERCROWDING, 423 00:11:48,374 --> 00:11:49,575 WHICH IN TURN LED TO A RISE IN 424 00:11:49,575 --> 00:11:52,211 PRISON VIOLENCE. 425 00:11:52,211 --> 00:11:55,081 AND IN AN EFFORT TO PRESERVE 426 00:11:55,081 --> 00:11:56,449 ORDER, PRISON OFFICIALS STARTED 427 00:11:56,449 --> 00:11:57,249 RAMPING UP THE USE OF SOLITARY 428 00:11:57,249 --> 00:11:57,683 AGAIN. 429 00:11:57,683 --> 00:11:58,284 AND AT THIS POINT, IT'S WORTH 430 00:11:58,284 --> 00:11:59,318 LOOKING AT WHAT MODERN SOLITARY 431 00:11:59,318 --> 00:12:00,719 ACTUALLY CONSISTS OF. 432 00:12:00,719 --> 00:12:03,289 GENERALLY IT INVOLVES ISOLATING 433 00:12:03,289 --> 00:12:04,657 PEOPLE FOR 22 TO 24 HOURS PER 434 00:12:04,657 --> 00:12:06,192 DAY IN SMALL CELLS, WITH MINIMAL 435 00:12:06,192 --> 00:12:07,460 CONTACT WITH OTHERS, AND WITH 436 00:12:07,460 --> 00:12:08,828 LITTLE OR NO ACCESS TO READING 437 00:12:08,828 --> 00:12:11,931 MATERIALS, OR RADIO AND TV. 438 00:12:11,931 --> 00:12:12,565 AND EVEN IF THAT'S PRETTY MUCH 439 00:12:12,565 --> 00:12:14,233 WHAT YOU ASSUMED, THERE ARE 440 00:12:14,233 --> 00:12:16,802 ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS TO SOLITARY 441 00:12:16,802 --> 00:12:17,803 YOU MIGHT NOT EXPECT, LIKE THE 442 00:12:17,803 --> 00:12:19,205 FACT THAT SOME CELLS ARE LIT 443 00:12:19,205 --> 00:12:20,673 AROUND-THE-CLOCK, AND THERE CAN 444 00:12:20,673 --> 00:12:23,042 BE A NEAR-CONSTANT SOUND OF 445 00:12:23,042 --> 00:12:24,710 BANGING, SCREAMING, AND MOANING. 446 00:12:24,710 --> 00:12:26,312 FRONTLINE SPENT FOUR MONTHS 447 00:12:26,312 --> 00:12:27,780 FILMING IN A SOLITARY 448 00:12:27,780 --> 00:12:30,249 CONFINEMENT UNIT, AND RELEASED A 449 00:12:30,249 --> 00:12:31,917 VIDEO JUST OF THE NOISE. 450 00:12:31,917 --> 00:12:32,751 AND HERE'S JUST 20 SECONDS OF 451 00:12:32,751 --> 00:12:33,686 IT. 452 00:12:33,686 --> 00:12:34,720 [BANGING ON DOORS] 453 00:12:34,720 --> 00:12:52,671 [SCREAMING] 454 00:12:52,671 --> 00:12:54,306 John: HOLY SHIT. 455 00:12:54,306 --> 00:12:56,075 HOW ARE YOU SUPPOSED TO THINK IN 456 00:12:56,075 --> 00:12:57,743 THERE, LET ALONE SLEEP? 457 00:12:57,743 --> 00:12:59,178 THERE'S A REASON PEOPLE FALL 458 00:12:59,178 --> 00:13:00,779 ASLEEP TO "SOUNDS OF THE 459 00:13:00,779 --> 00:13:02,281 RAINFOREST" AND NOT "SOUNDS OF 460 00:13:02,281 --> 00:13:03,082 ONE OF THOSE HAUNTED HOUSES 461 00:13:03,082 --> 00:13:03,749 WHERE YOU HAVE TO SIGN A WAIVER 462 00:13:03,749 --> 00:13:05,718 TO GET IN." 463 00:13:05,718 --> 00:13:06,952 SO A PERSON CAN BE STUCK ALONE 464 00:13:06,952 --> 00:13:08,954 IN A CELL FOR 23 HOURS A DAY OR 465 00:13:08,954 --> 00:13:10,823 MORE, WITH THE SOUNDTRACK TO 466 00:13:10,823 --> 00:13:13,626 "STOMP" PLAYING IN THE 467 00:13:13,626 --> 00:13:14,193 BACKGROUND, AND AS THIS MAN 468 00:13:14,193 --> 00:13:15,828 WILL TELL YOU, FILLING THAT TIME 469 00:13:15,828 --> 00:13:17,830 CAN TAKE SOME REAL EFFORT. 470 00:13:17,830 --> 00:13:19,165 ONE OF THE THINGS I DID IN 471 00:13:19,165 --> 00:13:21,567 SOLITARY TO PASS THE TIME WAS 472 00:13:21,567 --> 00:13:22,668 SAVE MY BREAD, PUT IT ON THE 473 00:13:22,668 --> 00:13:23,769 FLOOR, AND LET THE MICE COME IN 474 00:13:23,769 --> 00:13:25,437 AND EAT IT AND PLAY. 475 00:13:25,437 --> 00:13:26,205 IT WAS ACTION. 476 00:13:26,205 --> 00:13:27,806 IT WAS SOMETHING DIFFERENT. 477 00:13:27,806 --> 00:13:28,641 IS IT GROSS? 478 00:13:28,641 --> 00:13:29,408 YEAH. 479 00:13:29,408 --> 00:13:30,442 DISGUSTING A LITTLE BIT? 480 00:13:30,442 --> 00:13:31,610 SURE. 481 00:13:31,610 --> 00:13:33,445 BETTER THAN GOING INSANE? 482 00:13:33,445 --> 00:13:34,914 YEAH. 483 00:13:34,914 --> 00:13:36,849 John: YEAH, THAT MAKES SENSE. 484 00:13:36,849 --> 00:13:37,683 BECAUSE IT IS A LITTLE 485 00:13:37,683 --> 00:13:38,651 DISGUSTING. 486 00:13:38,651 --> 00:13:39,185 BUT IT IS BETTER THAN GOING 487 00:13:39,185 --> 00:13:39,919 INSANE. 488 00:13:39,919 --> 00:13:41,353 ALSO, FOR WHAT IT'S WORTH, I 489 00:13:41,353 --> 00:13:42,454 DON'T THINK I UNDERSTAND WHAT 490 00:13:42,454 --> 00:13:44,790 TIKTOK IS. 491 00:13:44,790 --> 00:13:46,091 I THOUGHT I DID, BUT I CLEARLY 492 00:13:46,091 --> 00:13:47,159 DON'T. 493 00:13:47,159 --> 00:13:49,428 I THOUGHT IT WAS AN APP FOR 494 00:13:49,428 --> 00:13:50,963 TEENS TO DO THE SAME EIGHT 495 00:13:50,963 --> 00:13:54,466 DANCES THAT ALL INVOLVE THIS 496 00:13:54,466 --> 00:13:56,869 MOVE, SO THE CHINESE 497 00:13:56,869 --> 00:13:57,403 GOVERNMENT CAN SPY ON US. 498 00:13:57,403 --> 00:13:58,037 I DIDN'T KNOW FRANK DISCUSSIONS 499 00:13:58,037 --> 00:13:59,338 OF THE CONDITIONS IN PRISONS 500 00:13:59,338 --> 00:14:03,609 WERE PART OF IT TOO. 501 00:14:03,609 --> 00:14:04,176 BUT THAT GUY WASN'T KIDDING, 502 00:14:04,176 --> 00:14:05,477 SOLITARY CAN IRREPARABLY DAMAGE 503 00:14:05,477 --> 00:14:06,045 PEOPLE'S MINDS. 504 00:14:06,045 --> 00:14:06,712 STUDIES SHOW THAT SOME LASTING 505 00:14:06,712 --> 00:14:08,047 MENTAL DAMAGE IS CAUSED AFTER 506 00:14:08,047 --> 00:14:10,616 JUST A FEW DAYS OF ISOLATION. 507 00:14:10,616 --> 00:14:11,884 AND THE EFFECTS CAN BE EVEN MORE 508 00:14:11,884 --> 00:14:12,651 ACUTE WHEN CHILDREN EXPERIENCE 509 00:14:12,651 --> 00:14:14,620 IT. 510 00:14:14,620 --> 00:14:16,222 OH, YEAH, IN CASE I FORGOT TO 511 00:14:16,222 --> 00:14:18,557 MENTION, WE SUBJECT CHILDREN TO 512 00:14:18,557 --> 00:14:20,059 SOLITARY IN THIS COUNTRY, TOO. 513 00:14:20,059 --> 00:14:21,493 VICKI REED WAS SHOCKED BY 514 00:14:21,493 --> 00:14:22,561 WHAT WE FOUND AT THE MIDDLE 515 00:14:22,561 --> 00:14:24,496 TENNESSEE JUVENILE DETENTION 516 00:14:24,496 --> 00:14:25,631 FACILITY IN MURRAY COUNTY. 517 00:14:25,631 --> 00:14:27,099 WE REVEALED JUVENILES OFTEN 518 00:14:27,099 --> 00:14:29,635 SPEND 23 TO 24 HOURS A DAY 519 00:14:29,635 --> 00:14:31,303 LOCKED INSIDE THEIR CELLS. 520 00:14:31,303 --> 00:14:32,972 IF A PARENT LOCKS HER KID IN 521 00:14:32,972 --> 00:14:34,907 A CLOSET AND LEAVES HIM THERE 522 00:14:34,907 --> 00:14:36,709 AND FEEDS HIM THREE TIMES A DAY 523 00:14:36,709 --> 00:14:38,711 AND THAT'S IT, WE WOULD CALL 524 00:14:38,711 --> 00:14:42,481 THAT CHILD ABUSE. 525 00:14:42,481 --> 00:14:43,115 John: YEAH, SHE'S NOT WRONG. 526 00:14:43,115 --> 00:14:43,716 IF I LEARNED THAT SOMEONE WAS 527 00:14:43,716 --> 00:14:44,550 LOCKING CHILDREN IN A CLOSET ALL 528 00:14:44,550 --> 00:14:45,918 DAY LONG, I'D IMMEDIATELY SAY 529 00:14:45,918 --> 00:14:47,119 TWO THINGS. 530 00:14:47,119 --> 00:14:49,021 ARE THOSE THE CHILDREN FROM THE 531 00:14:49,021 --> 00:14:49,922 "KARS-4-KIDS" COMMERCIAL? 532 00:14:49,922 --> 00:14:50,456 IF SO, THANK YOU FOR YOUR 533 00:14:50,456 --> 00:14:51,890 SERVICE. 534 00:14:51,890 --> 00:14:53,792 BUT IF NOT, THEN THAT'S CHILD 535 00:14:53,792 --> 00:14:54,960 ABUSE AND YOU NEED TO STOP DOING 536 00:14:54,960 --> 00:14:56,762 IT IMMEDIATELY! 537 00:14:56,762 --> 00:14:59,098 SO, IF IT'S THIS TORTUROUS AND 538 00:14:59,098 --> 00:15:00,599 PERMANENTLY DAMAGING, WHY DO WE 539 00:15:00,599 --> 00:15:02,268 PUT PEOPLE IN SOLITARY? 540 00:15:02,268 --> 00:15:04,637 WELL, IF YOU ASK PRISON OR 541 00:15:04,637 --> 00:15:05,638 GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS, THE 542 00:15:05,638 --> 00:15:06,605 RESPONSE YOU'LL OFTEN GET IS, 543 00:15:06,605 --> 00:15:07,606 "WE ACTUALLY DON'T." 544 00:15:07,606 --> 00:15:10,209 THAT'S BECAUSE WE HAVE A LOT OF 545 00:15:10,209 --> 00:15:11,310 EUPHEMISMS FOR SOLITARY, LIKE 546 00:15:11,310 --> 00:15:13,445 "SEGREGATION," OR "PROTECTIVE 547 00:15:13,445 --> 00:15:14,546 CUSTODY," OR REFERRING TO THE 548 00:15:14,546 --> 00:15:17,916 CELLS AS "RESTRICTED HOUSING 549 00:15:17,916 --> 00:15:18,484 UNITS" OR "SECURITY HOUSING 550 00:15:18,484 --> 00:15:18,917 UNITS." 551 00:15:18,917 --> 00:15:19,918 IN TENNESSEE, WHERE THAT WOMAN 552 00:15:19,918 --> 00:15:21,720 WAS OUTRAGED KIDS WERE BEING 553 00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:23,155 HELD IN ISOLATION, OFFICIALS 554 00:15:23,155 --> 00:15:24,323 THERE SIMPLY CALLED IT "ROOM 555 00:15:24,323 --> 00:15:30,429 RESTRICTION." 556 00:15:30,429 --> 00:15:31,297 AND HERE'S NEW YORK MAYOR 557 00:15:31,297 --> 00:15:32,665 ERIC ADAMS, TRYING TO MAKE A 558 00:15:32,665 --> 00:15:33,532 SIMILAR TYPE OF SEMANTIC 559 00:15:33,532 --> 00:15:33,832 DISTINCTION. 560 00:15:33,832 --> 00:15:34,400 I AM OPPOSED TO SOLITARY 561 00:15:34,400 --> 00:15:34,700 CONFINEMENT. 562 00:15:34,700 --> 00:15:35,968 THAT IS A DRACONIAN WAY TO 563 00:15:35,968 --> 00:15:37,436 PROTECT THE CITY. 564 00:15:37,436 --> 00:15:39,938 BUT WHAT I AM SAYING, YOU CAN'T 565 00:15:39,938 --> 00:15:43,275 BE A-- AN INMATE, SEXUALLY 566 00:15:43,275 --> 00:15:44,410 ASSAULT A CORRECTION OFFICER OR 567 00:15:44,410 --> 00:15:46,512 ANOTHER INMATE, AND THEN STAY IN 568 00:15:46,512 --> 00:15:47,780 GENERAL POPULATION. 569 00:15:47,780 --> 00:15:49,048 PUNITIVE SEGREGATION IS A HUMANE 570 00:15:49,048 --> 00:15:51,216 WAY OF REMOVING DANGEROUS 571 00:15:51,216 --> 00:15:53,752 INMATES TO A LOCATION WHERE THEY 572 00:15:53,752 --> 00:15:56,021 CAN GET THE SERVICES THEY NEED 573 00:15:56,021 --> 00:15:58,357 SO THEY CAN STOP PREYING ON 574 00:15:58,357 --> 00:15:59,124 OTHER INMATES, STAFF, AND 575 00:15:59,124 --> 00:16:00,559 PREYING ON SOCIETY. 576 00:16:00,559 --> 00:16:01,160 John: YEAH, ADAMS DOESN'T 577 00:16:01,160 --> 00:16:03,929 SUPPORT "SOLITARY CONFINEMENT" 578 00:16:03,929 --> 00:16:05,497 BUT HE'S ALL IN FOR "PUNITIVE 579 00:16:05,497 --> 00:16:06,799 SEGREGATION"-- AN INTERESTING 580 00:16:06,799 --> 00:16:08,834 DISTINCTION CONSIDERING THAT THE 581 00:16:08,834 --> 00:16:10,502 NEW YORK BOARD OF CORRECTIONS' 582 00:16:10,502 --> 00:16:12,137 OWN WEBSITE SAYS THAT PUNITIVE 583 00:16:12,137 --> 00:16:14,073 SEGREGATION IS "ALSO KNOWN AS 584 00:16:14,073 --> 00:16:15,974 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT." 585 00:16:15,974 --> 00:16:18,077 SO THAT'S A PRETTY WEIRD STANCE. 586 00:16:18,077 --> 00:16:19,111 THOUGH IT PROBABLY SHOULDN'T BE 587 00:16:19,111 --> 00:16:20,546 SURPRISING THAT ERIC ADAMS DID 588 00:16:20,546 --> 00:16:21,780 OR SAID SOMETHING WEIRD. 589 00:16:21,780 --> 00:16:23,282 THIS IS THE SAME MAN WHO ONCE 590 00:16:23,282 --> 00:16:25,250 TOLD A REPORTER THAT NEW YORK 591 00:16:25,250 --> 00:16:26,685 SITS ON A STORE OF RARE GEMS AND 592 00:16:26,685 --> 00:16:28,721 STONES, WHICH IS WHY "THERE'S A 593 00:16:28,721 --> 00:16:31,790 SPECIAL ENERGY THAT COMES FROM 594 00:16:31,790 --> 00:16:32,725 HERE," INSISTED ON TAKING HIS 595 00:16:32,725 --> 00:16:34,727 FIRST PAYCHECK AS MAYOR IN 596 00:16:34,727 --> 00:16:36,729 CRYPTO, DELIBERATELY POSED FOR 597 00:16:36,729 --> 00:16:38,263 THIS PHOTO, AND HAS REPEATEDLY 598 00:16:38,263 --> 00:16:39,465 HELD UP A SPONGE ON STAGE TO 599 00:16:39,465 --> 00:16:44,436 ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO RING OUT 600 00:16:44,436 --> 00:16:44,937 THEIR INTERNAL DESPAIR. 601 00:16:44,937 --> 00:16:45,571 ANSWERING THE QUESTION, "WHAT IF 602 00:16:45,571 --> 00:16:46,672 MR. CLEAN WAS A MOTIVATIONAL 603 00:16:46,672 --> 00:16:48,207 SPEAKER?" 604 00:16:48,207 --> 00:16:50,109 BUT THE FACT IS, WHATEVER YOU 605 00:16:50,109 --> 00:16:51,910 CALL SOLITARY, THE EXPERIENCE 606 00:16:51,910 --> 00:16:53,579 FOR THE PERSON GOING THROUGH IT 607 00:16:53,579 --> 00:16:55,080 IS THE SAME. 608 00:16:55,080 --> 00:16:56,181 AND CORRECTIONS OFFICERS WILL 609 00:16:56,181 --> 00:16:59,017 OFTEN JUSTIFY IT BY ARGUING, AS 610 00:16:59,017 --> 00:17:00,352 ADAMS JUST DID, THAT IT'S A 611 00:17:00,352 --> 00:17:02,087 NECESSARY TOOL TO ISOLATE 612 00:17:02,087 --> 00:17:04,123 WRONGDOERS AND PRESERVE ORDER. 613 00:17:04,123 --> 00:17:05,557 HERE'S THE HEAD OF THE NEW YORK 614 00:17:05,557 --> 00:17:07,059 CITY CORRECTIONS OFFICERS' 615 00:17:07,059 --> 00:17:09,061 UNION, MAKING THAT EXACT POINT. 616 00:17:09,061 --> 00:17:10,095 WE HAVE TO BE ABLE TO 617 00:17:10,095 --> 00:17:13,665 SEGREGATE THOSE PEOPLE BECAUSE, 618 00:17:13,665 --> 00:17:16,301 YOU KNOW, IF WE HAVE A SOCIETY 619 00:17:16,301 --> 00:17:17,870 WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES, THEN WE'LL 620 00:17:17,870 --> 00:17:19,838 JUST HAVE TOTAL ANARCHY. 621 00:17:19,838 --> 00:17:21,073 ISN'T THE PROBLEM THAT MANY 622 00:17:21,073 --> 00:17:23,842 OF THOSE IN SOLITARY ARE NOT THE 623 00:17:23,842 --> 00:17:24,743 REALLY DANGEROUS CRIMINALS? 624 00:17:24,743 --> 00:17:26,512 THEY'RE PEOPLE WHO'VE BROKEN 625 00:17:26,512 --> 00:17:29,281 MINOR RULES OR ARE SUICIDAL? 626 00:17:29,281 --> 00:17:31,450 THAT'S JUST NOT THE CASE. 627 00:17:31,450 --> 00:17:33,786 MINOR INFRACTIONS, PEOPLE DO NOT 628 00:17:33,786 --> 00:17:34,553 END UP IN SOLI-- IN PUNITIVE 629 00:17:34,553 --> 00:17:37,122 SEGREGATION. 630 00:17:37,122 --> 00:17:38,857 John: FIRST, GOOD CATCH! 631 00:17:38,857 --> 00:17:41,393 YOU ALMOST CALLED IT "SOLITARY 632 00:17:41,393 --> 00:17:43,829 CONFINEMENT" THERE, A NEAR-MISS 633 00:17:43,829 --> 00:17:44,897 ON PAR WITH HAVING A MUSTACHE 634 00:17:44,897 --> 00:17:46,999 THAT ALMOST MAKES YOU A 635 00:17:46,999 --> 00:17:49,435 JOHN WATERS IMPERSONATOR. 636 00:17:49,435 --> 00:17:52,171 BUT SECOND, THE CLAIM THAT 637 00:17:52,171 --> 00:17:53,872 "PEOPLE DON'T END UP IN SOLITARY 638 00:17:53,872 --> 00:17:54,840 FOR MINOR INFRACTIONS" IS JUST 639 00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:58,076 NOT TRUE. 640 00:17:58,076 --> 00:17:58,644 IN GENERAL, RESEARCHERS HAVE 641 00:17:58,644 --> 00:18:02,281 FOUND VIOLENCE IS TYPICALLY NOT 642 00:18:02,281 --> 00:18:03,148 THE MOST COMMON REASON PEOPLE 643 00:18:03,148 --> 00:18:03,615 ARE SENT TO SOLITARY. 644 00:18:03,615 --> 00:18:05,217 IN OREGON, RESEARCHERS ONCE 645 00:18:05,217 --> 00:18:06,452 FOUND THAT DISOBEDIENCE WAS THE 646 00:18:06,452 --> 00:18:07,786 INFRACTION RESULTING IN THE MOST 647 00:18:07,786 --> 00:18:08,987 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT SANCTIONS. 648 00:18:08,987 --> 00:18:10,322 AND NATIONWIDE, PEOPLE HAVE BEEN 649 00:18:10,322 --> 00:18:12,124 SENT TO SOLITARY FOR REASONS 650 00:18:12,124 --> 00:18:15,260 INCLUDING-- AND THESE ARE REAL 651 00:18:15,260 --> 00:18:15,861 - NOT MAKING THEIR BED, USING 652 00:18:15,861 --> 00:18:16,862 FACEBOOK, AND HAVING TOO MANY 653 00:18:16,862 --> 00:18:18,197 ENVELOPES. 654 00:18:18,197 --> 00:18:22,568 AND AS THIS FORMERLY 655 00:18:22,568 --> 00:18:23,368 INCARCERATED MAN WILL TELL YOU, 656 00:18:23,368 --> 00:18:23,936 THE LIST DOESN'T STOP THERE. 657 00:18:23,936 --> 00:18:24,470 I'VE SEEN PEOPLE GO TO 658 00:18:24,470 --> 00:18:26,338 SOLITARY FOR THINGS AS LITTLE AS 659 00:18:26,338 --> 00:18:27,673 HANDING OTHER PEOPLE STUFF, 660 00:18:27,673 --> 00:18:29,675 HAVING TOO MANY CIGARETTES IN 661 00:18:29,675 --> 00:18:30,876 THEIR POCKET. 662 00:18:30,876 --> 00:18:32,744 I'VE SEEN PEOPLE GO TO SOLITARY 663 00:18:32,744 --> 00:18:34,446 FOR TALKING BACK. 664 00:18:34,446 --> 00:18:35,547 I'VE SEEN PEOPLE GO TO SOLITARY 665 00:18:35,547 --> 00:18:37,216 FOR NOT HAVING THEIR SHIRT 666 00:18:37,216 --> 00:18:38,283 TUCKED IN. 667 00:18:38,283 --> 00:18:39,251 I'VE SEEN PEOPLE GO TO SOLITARY 668 00:18:39,251 --> 00:18:41,687 FOR NOT HAVING THE RIGHT SHOES 669 00:18:41,687 --> 00:18:42,154 IN THE GYM. 670 00:18:42,154 --> 00:18:44,089 I'VE SEEN PEOPLE GO TO THE BOX 671 00:18:44,089 --> 00:18:45,724 FOR A LOT OF STUFF, BRO. 672 00:18:45,724 --> 00:18:46,992 John: THAT'S RIDICULOUS! 673 00:18:46,992 --> 00:18:48,393 SOLITARY SHOULDN'T BE WHERE WE 674 00:18:48,393 --> 00:18:50,095 SEND PEOPLE WHO ARE DRESSING 675 00:18:50,095 --> 00:18:51,096 INCORRECTLY. 676 00:18:51,096 --> 00:18:52,498 IF IT WERE, I CAN THINK OF FOUR 677 00:18:52,498 --> 00:18:54,533 PEOPLE WHO'D BE IN THERE RIGHT 678 00:18:54,533 --> 00:18:56,602 NOW, YET INSTEAD, THEY'RE 679 00:18:56,602 --> 00:18:57,402 WALKING AROUND FREE, STRUGGLING 680 00:18:57,402 --> 00:19:01,740 TO ANSWER BASIC QUESTIONS. 681 00:19:01,740 --> 00:19:02,908 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 682 00:19:02,908 --> 00:19:03,442 SO THE TRUTH IS PETTY RULE 683 00:19:03,442 --> 00:19:04,109 INFRACTIONS ARE A VERY COMMON 684 00:19:04,109 --> 00:19:05,010 CAUSE OF LANDING PEOPLE IN 685 00:19:05,010 --> 00:19:09,281 SOLITARY. 686 00:19:09,281 --> 00:19:09,715 AND THAT IS NOT ALL. 687 00:19:09,715 --> 00:19:10,349 PEOPLE WHO ARE SEEN AS "AT RISK" 688 00:19:10,349 --> 00:19:10,983 IN THE GENERAL PRISON POPULATION 689 00:19:10,983 --> 00:19:12,684 - BECAUSE THEY'RE YOUNG, 690 00:19:12,684 --> 00:19:13,952 MENTALLY ILL, INTELLECTUALLY 691 00:19:13,952 --> 00:19:15,220 DISABLED, GAY OR TRANSGENDER-- 692 00:19:15,220 --> 00:19:16,488 CAN WIND UP IN THERE "FOR THEIR 693 00:19:16,488 --> 00:19:18,757 OWN PROTECTION." 694 00:19:18,757 --> 00:19:22,394 AND THINK ABOUT HOW ABSURD THAT 695 00:19:22,394 --> 00:19:22,794 LOGIC IS. 696 00:19:22,794 --> 00:19:23,896 "THE ONLY WAY WE CAN 697 00:19:23,896 --> 00:19:24,463 KEEP YOU SAFE IS TO INFLICT 698 00:19:24,463 --> 00:19:25,864 ENORMOUS HARM ON YOU." 699 00:19:25,864 --> 00:19:26,999 IT'S LIKE ARGUING, "THE ONLY WAY 700 00:19:26,999 --> 00:19:28,400 TO KEEP YOU HYDRATED IS TO 701 00:19:28,400 --> 00:19:30,502 WATERBOARD YOU." 702 00:19:30,502 --> 00:19:30,836 ONE, IT ISN'T. 703 00:19:30,836 --> 00:19:31,570 SO TWO, FIND ANOTHER FUCKING 704 00:19:31,570 --> 00:19:33,171 WAY. 705 00:19:33,171 --> 00:19:34,239 AND IF YOU'RE THINKING, "WELL, 706 00:19:34,239 --> 00:19:35,440 WHAT IF SOMEONE ACTUALLY IS A 707 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:37,376 POTENTIAL THREAT TO INMATES OR 708 00:19:37,376 --> 00:19:39,278 GUARDS? 709 00:19:39,278 --> 00:19:40,779 SHOULDN'T THEY BE GETTING LOCKED 710 00:19:40,779 --> 00:19:41,146 UP IN SOLITARY?" 711 00:19:41,146 --> 00:19:43,282 WELL, YOU SHOULD KNOW THAT A 712 00:19:43,282 --> 00:19:45,217 2016 REPORT FOUND THAT "THERE IS 713 00:19:45,217 --> 00:19:45,651 LITTLE EVIDENCE THAT 714 00:19:45,651 --> 00:19:47,019 ADMINISTRATIVE SEGREGATION HAS 715 00:19:47,019 --> 00:19:48,120 HAD ANY EFFECTS ON OVERALL 716 00:19:48,120 --> 00:19:49,621 LEVELS OF VIOLENCE" IN 717 00:19:49,621 --> 00:19:51,623 CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES. 718 00:19:51,623 --> 00:19:52,558 IN FACT SOME RESEARCH HAS FOUND 719 00:19:52,558 --> 00:19:53,559 SUBJECTING PEOPLE TO SOLITARY 720 00:19:53,559 --> 00:19:55,561 CAN LEAD THEM TO BECOME MORE, 721 00:19:55,561 --> 00:19:57,396 NOT LESS, VIOLENT. 722 00:19:57,396 --> 00:19:58,931 AND THAT CAN OBVIOUSLY BE A 723 00:19:58,931 --> 00:19:59,464 PROBLEM, NOT JUST INSIDE 724 00:19:59,464 --> 00:20:00,999 PRISONS, BUT ALSO, AFTER PEOPLE 725 00:20:00,999 --> 00:20:03,135 ARE RELEASED. 726 00:20:03,135 --> 00:20:04,870 EVEN THOSE WHO'VE WORKED WITHIN 727 00:20:04,870 --> 00:20:06,171 PRISONS-- LIKE THIS FORMER 728 00:20:06,171 --> 00:20:09,074 WARDEN-- WILL TELL YOU HOW 729 00:20:09,074 --> 00:20:09,675 COUNTERPRODUCTIVE OUR CURRENT 730 00:20:09,675 --> 00:20:10,809 SYSTEM IS. 731 00:20:10,809 --> 00:20:12,578 IF I HAVE SOMEBODY THAT COMES 732 00:20:12,578 --> 00:20:14,646 IN WITH A FIVE-YEAR COMMITMENT, 733 00:20:14,646 --> 00:20:17,082 YOU CAN HAVE THEM DO THEIR WHOLE 734 00:20:17,082 --> 00:20:18,216 TIME IN SEGREGATION, BUT I DON'T 735 00:20:18,216 --> 00:20:19,618 WANT HIM LIVING NEXT TO ME WHEN 736 00:20:19,618 --> 00:20:21,587 WE RELEASE HIM. 737 00:20:21,587 --> 00:20:22,487 THE REALITY IS, 80% OF THESE 738 00:20:22,487 --> 00:20:23,722 INMATES ARE GOING TO BE HITTING 739 00:20:23,722 --> 00:20:24,723 THE STREET, OKAY? 740 00:20:24,723 --> 00:20:26,058 SO, WE CAN EITHER MAKE THEM 741 00:20:26,058 --> 00:20:27,993 WORSE, OKAY, AND CREATE MORE 742 00:20:27,993 --> 00:20:28,860 VICTIMS WHEN THEY GO ON THE 743 00:20:28,860 --> 00:20:29,628 STREET, OR WE CAN REHABILITATE 744 00:20:29,628 --> 00:20:31,330 THEM. 745 00:20:31,330 --> 00:20:32,698 John: YEAH, AND WHEN YOU 746 00:20:32,698 --> 00:20:34,600 FRAME IT AS A CHOICE LIKE THAT, 747 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:35,367 IT'S HARD TO PICK SOLITARY 748 00:20:35,367 --> 00:20:36,935 CONFINEMENT. 749 00:20:36,935 --> 00:20:38,136 IT'S LIKE SAYING, "FOR DINNER 750 00:20:38,136 --> 00:20:39,638 TONIGHT, WE CAN EITHER GET 751 00:20:39,638 --> 00:20:41,173 PIZZA, OR WE COULD ASSASSINATE 752 00:20:41,173 --> 00:20:42,541 PAUL MCCARTNEY." 753 00:20:42,541 --> 00:20:43,742 ONE OF THOSE CHOICES MAKES 754 00:20:43,742 --> 00:20:45,210 SENSE, AND THE OTHER IS 755 00:20:45,210 --> 00:20:49,147 ABSOLUTELY HORRIBLE FOR 756 00:20:49,147 --> 00:20:49,548 EVERYONE ON EARTH. 757 00:20:49,548 --> 00:20:50,248 AND JUST TO BE CLEAR, THIS ISN'T 758 00:20:50,248 --> 00:20:51,283 TO SAY THAT PEOPLE WHO'VE 759 00:20:51,283 --> 00:20:53,752 COMMITTED VIOLENT ACTS IN PRISON 760 00:20:53,752 --> 00:20:56,188 SHOULD JUST BE LEFT IN THE 761 00:20:56,188 --> 00:20:56,655 GENERAL POPULATION TO 762 00:20:56,655 --> 00:20:57,222 POTENTIALLY HARM OTHERS. 763 00:20:57,222 --> 00:20:59,291 THEY CAN BE SEPARATED, WITHOUT 764 00:20:59,291 --> 00:21:00,892 BEING COMPLETELY ISOLATED. 765 00:21:00,892 --> 00:21:02,494 TAKE NORTH DAKOTA. 766 00:21:02,494 --> 00:21:03,595 THEIR STATE PRISON OFFICIALS 767 00:21:03,595 --> 00:21:05,430 MADE THE BOLD DECISION TO END 768 00:21:05,430 --> 00:21:07,132 THE USE OF SOLITARY, BUT IN 769 00:21:07,132 --> 00:21:08,333 DOING SO, TO ALSO CREATE A LESS 770 00:21:08,333 --> 00:21:10,369 HOSTILE ATMOSPHERE OVERALL. 771 00:21:10,369 --> 00:21:12,571 SO WHEN PRISONERS GOT IN TROUBLE 772 00:21:12,571 --> 00:21:14,206 FOR SERIOUS INFRACTIONS LIKE 773 00:21:14,206 --> 00:21:15,641 VIOLENCE, INSTEAD OF SOLITARY, 774 00:21:15,641 --> 00:21:17,042 THEY WERE SENT TO A BRAND-NEW 775 00:21:17,042 --> 00:21:19,077 UNIT WHERE THEY'D GET 776 00:21:19,077 --> 00:21:20,512 SIGNIFICANT OUT-OF-CELL TIME, 777 00:21:20,512 --> 00:21:22,114 AND ACCESS TO BEHAVIORAL 778 00:21:22,114 --> 00:21:22,481 TREATMENT. 779 00:21:22,481 --> 00:21:24,650 AND IT'S HAD PROMISING RESULTS. 780 00:21:24,650 --> 00:21:26,084 JERRY HOLMES WAS JUST 781 00:21:26,084 --> 00:21:28,420 RELEASED FROM THE NEW BEHAVIORAL 782 00:21:28,420 --> 00:21:30,756 HEALTH INTERVENTION UNIT, OR 783 00:21:30,756 --> 00:21:32,024 BIU, IN SEPTEMBER. 784 00:21:32,024 --> 00:21:34,559 MINDSET, 100% BETTER. 785 00:21:34,559 --> 00:21:36,094 'CAUSE YOU'RE JUST NOT CRAMMED 786 00:21:36,094 --> 00:21:37,696 UP IN A HOLE, LIKE, YOU KNOW, 787 00:21:37,696 --> 00:21:39,164 COMING OUT OF A BOX. 788 00:21:39,164 --> 00:21:40,198 BRANDON DAVIS HAS SPENT TIME 789 00:21:40,198 --> 00:21:43,001 IN THE OLD ADMINISTRATIVE 790 00:21:43,001 --> 00:21:44,202 SEGREGATION UNIT, OR ASU, AND 791 00:21:44,202 --> 00:21:45,837 THE NEW BIU. 792 00:21:45,837 --> 00:21:47,172 HE SAYS THE BIGGEST DIFFERENCE 793 00:21:47,172 --> 00:21:47,806 IS JUST HAVING SOMEONE TO TALK 794 00:21:47,806 --> 00:21:49,307 TO. 795 00:21:49,307 --> 00:21:50,442 NOW, THEY HAVE INTERACTION AND 796 00:21:50,442 --> 00:21:51,810 COUNSELING TO WORK TOWARD A 797 00:21:51,810 --> 00:21:53,245 SOLUTION. 798 00:21:53,245 --> 00:21:55,247 BECAUSE IF YOU BOTTLE IN YOUR 799 00:21:55,247 --> 00:21:56,948 ISSUES, IT JUST-- IT-- IT 800 00:21:56,948 --> 00:21:58,917 OVERWHELMS THE PERSON. 801 00:21:58,917 --> 00:21:59,885 LIKE, 'CAUSE I HAVE MY OWN 802 00:21:59,885 --> 00:22:01,987 PROBLEMS, AND LIKE, WHEN-- WHEN 803 00:22:01,987 --> 00:22:03,455 YOU'RE ISOLATED AND YOU HAVE 804 00:22:03,455 --> 00:22:06,658 THESE ISSUES, AND IT'S LIKE, YOU 805 00:22:06,658 --> 00:22:08,160 HAVE NOWHERE TO RELEASE THEM, OR 806 00:22:08,160 --> 00:22:10,162 NO ONE TO TALK TO THEM ABOUT. 807 00:22:10,162 --> 00:22:11,797 John: YEAH, YOU DON'T HAVE TO 808 00:22:11,797 --> 00:22:13,398 HAVE BEEN IN SOLITARY TO 809 00:22:13,398 --> 00:22:14,032 UNDERSTAND THAT TALKING THROUGH 810 00:22:14,032 --> 00:22:19,738 YOUR ISSUES WITH OTHER PEOPLE IS 811 00:22:19,738 --> 00:22:20,305 PROBABLY BETTER FOR YOU THAN 812 00:22:20,305 --> 00:22:20,872 BEING LOCKED IN A CONCRETE 813 00:22:20,872 --> 00:22:21,373 TOILET CAVE. 814 00:22:21,373 --> 00:22:23,308 AND LOOK, I'M NOT SAYING ANY OF 815 00:22:23,308 --> 00:22:24,209 THIS IS EASY. 816 00:22:24,209 --> 00:22:25,177 BECAUSE I KNOW THE SOLUTION 817 00:22:25,177 --> 00:22:26,645 SHOULD BE SIMPLE. 818 00:22:26,645 --> 00:22:28,180 "PUTTING PEOPLE IN SOLITARY IS 819 00:22:28,180 --> 00:22:29,381 TORTURE, SO LET'S STOP DOING 820 00:22:29,381 --> 00:22:30,682 IT." 821 00:22:30,682 --> 00:22:32,451 BUT EXACTLY HOW WE DO THAT IS 822 00:22:32,451 --> 00:22:33,051 ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL TO ANY 823 00:22:33,051 --> 00:22:36,088 REFORM ACTUALLY WORKING. 824 00:22:36,088 --> 00:22:37,656 UNFORTUNATELY, IN MULTIPLE 825 00:22:37,656 --> 00:22:38,623 STATES, WHEN THEY'VE TAKEN STEPS 826 00:22:38,623 --> 00:22:40,692 TO LIMIT THE USE OF SOLITARY, 827 00:22:40,692 --> 00:22:50,702 CORRECTIONS OFFICIALS HAVE FOUND 828 00:22:50,702 --> 00:22:51,737 WAYS TO KEEP DOING IT ANYWAY. 829 00:22:51,737 --> 00:22:52,304 BY DOING THINGS LIKE KEEPING 830 00:22:52,304 --> 00:22:52,904 PRISONERS ISOLATED FOR PERIODS 831 00:22:52,904 --> 00:22:53,405 JUST BENEATH THE STATE'S 832 00:22:53,405 --> 00:22:54,606 DEFINITION OF "SOLITARY," OR 833 00:22:54,606 --> 00:22:55,240 USING ONE OF THE MANY EUPHEMISMS 834 00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:55,674 YOU'VE ALREADY SEEN. 835 00:22:55,674 --> 00:22:56,274 ONE KEY REASON NORTH DAKOTA'S 836 00:22:56,274 --> 00:22:56,875 REFORMS WORKED IS BECAUSE THEY 837 00:22:56,875 --> 00:22:57,709 CAME DIRECTLY FROM PEOPLE 838 00:22:57,709 --> 00:22:58,610 RUNNING THE CORRECTIONS SYSTEM 839 00:22:58,610 --> 00:22:59,911 THERE. 840 00:22:59,911 --> 00:23:01,513 THEY UNDERSTOOD THAT REDUCING 841 00:23:01,513 --> 00:23:03,515 THE USE OF SOLITARY ENTAILED 842 00:23:03,515 --> 00:23:05,884 CHANGING THE WHOLE CULTURE OF 843 00:23:05,884 --> 00:23:06,651 THEIR PRISONS, AND THEY DID 844 00:23:06,651 --> 00:23:09,020 HAVE TO GET RID OF STAFF WHO 845 00:23:09,020 --> 00:23:12,057 WEREN'T ON BOARD WITH THE IDEA, 846 00:23:12,057 --> 00:23:13,158 SO THAT IT COULD BE EXECUTED 847 00:23:13,158 --> 00:23:13,992 PROPERLY. 848 00:23:13,992 --> 00:23:14,559 AND WHILE IT WASN'T EASY-- 849 00:23:14,559 --> 00:23:15,360 THERE WAS AN INITIAL RISE IN 850 00:23:15,360 --> 00:23:16,795 VIOLENCE IN THE PRISON'S GENERAL 851 00:23:16,795 --> 00:23:18,530 POPULATION IMMEDIATELY AFTERWARD 852 00:23:18,530 --> 00:23:20,465 - THEY STUCK WITH IT, AND NOT 853 00:23:20,465 --> 00:23:22,501 ONLY HAS THE OVERALL TREND IN 854 00:23:22,501 --> 00:23:23,869 VIOLENCE BEEN DOWNWARD, BUT BOTH 855 00:23:23,869 --> 00:23:25,370 INCARCERATED PERSONS AND STAFF 856 00:23:25,370 --> 00:23:27,405 MEMBERS REPORTED IMPROVEMENTS IN 857 00:23:27,405 --> 00:23:28,874 THEIR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, 858 00:23:28,874 --> 00:23:30,675 BETTER INTERACTIONS WITH ONE 859 00:23:30,675 --> 00:23:31,910 ANOTHER, AND LESS EXPOSURE TO 860 00:23:31,910 --> 00:23:33,378 VIOLENCE FOLLOWING THE REFORMS. 861 00:23:33,378 --> 00:23:34,446 SO IT CAN BE DONE, IF WE WANT 862 00:23:34,446 --> 00:23:36,414 TO. 863 00:23:36,414 --> 00:23:37,849 AND I KNOW THAT SOME CORRECTIONS 864 00:23:37,849 --> 00:23:39,618 OFFICIALS WILL STILL INSIST THAT 865 00:23:39,618 --> 00:23:41,253 THEY NEED IT. 866 00:23:41,253 --> 00:23:43,188 BUT I'D ARGUE THAT, IF YOU FIND 867 00:23:43,188 --> 00:23:44,623 YOURSELF MAKING THE CASE THAT 868 00:23:44,623 --> 00:23:46,391 YOU NEED TO TORTURE PEOPLE TO 869 00:23:46,391 --> 00:23:47,993 KEEP YOUR FACILITY SAFE, THAT IN 870 00:23:47,993 --> 00:23:50,262 ITSELF IS AN ADMISSION OF 871 00:23:50,262 --> 00:23:52,230 CATASTROPHIC FAILURE, AND YOU 872 00:23:52,230 --> 00:23:54,699 MAY NEED TO GO. 873 00:23:54,699 --> 00:23:55,233 BECAUSE IT'S IMPORTANT TO 874 00:23:55,233 --> 00:23:57,369 REMEMBER JUST HOW LASTING THE 875 00:23:57,369 --> 00:23:58,470 DAMAGE HERE CAN BE. 876 00:23:58,470 --> 00:23:59,604 THE VOICES IN THIS DEBATE ARE 877 00:23:59,604 --> 00:24:00,906 OFTEN DOMINATED BY CORRECTIONS 878 00:24:00,906 --> 00:24:02,707 OFFICIALS, BUT IT IS WORTH 879 00:24:02,707 --> 00:24:03,909 LISTENING, AT LENGTH, TO THE 880 00:24:03,909 --> 00:24:05,110 PEOPLE WHO'VE BEEN HARMED BY 881 00:24:05,110 --> 00:24:06,144 THIS. 882 00:24:06,144 --> 00:24:09,681 ANTHONY GRAVES WAS KEPT IN 883 00:24:09,681 --> 00:24:10,482 SOLITARY FOR 18 YEARS, AFTER 884 00:24:10,482 --> 00:24:11,750 BEING WRONGLY CONVICTED. 885 00:24:11,750 --> 00:24:13,485 AND JUST LISTEN TO HIM TESTIFY 886 00:24:13,485 --> 00:24:14,486 BEFORE CONGRESS, ABOUT WHAT IT 887 00:24:14,486 --> 00:24:16,054 DID TO HIM. 888 00:24:16,054 --> 00:24:19,891 I HAVE BEEN FREE FOR ALMOST 889 00:24:19,891 --> 00:24:23,461 TWO YEARS AND I STILL CRY AT 890 00:24:23,461 --> 00:24:25,630 NIGHT BECAUSE NO ONE OUT HERE 891 00:24:25,630 --> 00:24:26,898 CAN RELATE TO WHAT I'VE GONE 892 00:24:26,898 --> 00:24:29,234 THROUGH. 893 00:24:29,234 --> 00:24:30,368 I BATTLE WITH THESE FEELINGS OF 894 00:24:30,368 --> 00:24:32,204 LONELINESS. 895 00:24:32,204 --> 00:24:33,939 I'VE TRIED THERAPY, BUT IT 896 00:24:33,939 --> 00:24:35,774 DIDN'T WORK. 897 00:24:35,774 --> 00:24:37,242 THE THERAPIST WAS CRYING MORE 898 00:24:37,242 --> 00:24:38,410 THAN ME. 899 00:24:38,410 --> 00:24:40,979 SHE COULD NOT IMAGINE HOW 900 00:24:40,979 --> 00:24:42,681 INHUMANE OUR SYSTEM WOULD TREAT 901 00:24:42,681 --> 00:24:46,251 ME. 902 00:24:46,251 --> 00:24:47,652 I HAVEN'T HAD A GOOD NIGHT'S 903 00:24:47,652 --> 00:24:49,554 SLEEP SINCE I'VE BEEN OUT. 904 00:24:49,554 --> 00:24:51,389 I ONLY SLEEP ABOUT 2 1/2 TO 905 00:24:51,389 --> 00:24:53,391 THREE HOURS A NIGHT AND THEN I'M 906 00:24:53,391 --> 00:24:54,326 UP. 907 00:24:54,326 --> 00:24:55,627 MY BODY HAS NOT MADE THE 908 00:24:55,627 --> 00:24:58,396 ADJUSTMENT. 909 00:24:58,396 --> 00:25:00,031 I HAVE MOOD SWINGS THAT JUST 910 00:25:00,031 --> 00:25:01,933 CAUSES EMOTIONAL BREAKDOWNS. 911 00:25:01,933 --> 00:25:03,668 I DON'T KNOW WHERE THEY COME 912 00:25:03,668 --> 00:25:04,236 FROM, THEY JUST COME OUT OF 913 00:25:04,236 --> 00:25:06,738 NOWHERE. 914 00:25:06,738 --> 00:25:09,374 SOLITARY CONFINEMENT MAKES OUR 915 00:25:09,374 --> 00:25:11,109 CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM 916 00:25:11,109 --> 00:25:12,611 CRIMINAL. 917 00:25:12,611 --> 00:25:13,912 John: HE'S RIGHT. 918 00:25:13,912 --> 00:25:16,214 SOLITARY ISN'T SOMETHING WE DO 919 00:25:16,214 --> 00:25:17,849 TO PEOPLE BEHIND BARS, IT'S 920 00:25:17,849 --> 00:25:19,317 SOMETHING WE DO TO THEM FOREVER. 921 00:25:19,317 --> 00:25:21,419 IT NEEDS TO BE UNIVERSALLY 922 00:25:21,419 --> 00:25:23,722 UNDERSTOOD HOW INDEFENSIBLE IT 923 00:25:23,722 --> 00:25:31,363 IS. 924 00:25:31,363 --> 00:25:32,230 SO MAYBE, JUST MAYBE IN THE 925 00:25:32,230 --> 00:25:32,764 FUTURE, WE CAN ONE DAY GET 926 00:25:32,764 --> 00:25:33,365 TO A POINT WHERE, EVEN IF YOU 927 00:25:33,365 --> 00:25:33,932 APPROACHED THE WORST-DRESSED 928 00:25:33,932 --> 00:25:34,466 BROS ON THE STREET OF ANY 929 00:25:34,466 --> 00:25:35,800 AMERICAN CITY AND ASKED THEM, 930 00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:36,434 "WHAT IS THE ACCEPTABLE NUMBER 931 00:25:36,434 --> 00:25:37,035 OF PEOPLE TO HAVE IN SOLITARY 932 00:25:37,035 --> 00:25:38,503 CONFINEMENT?," THE ANSWER THEY'D 933 00:25:38,503 --> 00:25:39,271 COME UP WITH, WITH NO 934 00:25:39,271 --> 00:25:41,740 HESITATION, IS ZERO. 935 00:25:41,740 --> 00:25:47,879 AND NOW THIS. 936 00:25:47,879 --> 00:25:49,080 Announcer: AND NOW, NOBODY 937 00:25:49,080 --> 00:25:51,416 REPORTS ON THE NEWS LIKE FOX 26 938 00:25:51,416 --> 00:25:53,285 IS ISAIAH CAREY APPEARED >> 939 00:25:53,285 --> 00:25:55,820 WELCOME BACK TO THE SECOND HALF 940 00:25:55,820 --> 00:26:01,126 HOUR, REALLY MAY BE A AS TOO MU. 941 00:26:01,126 --> 00:26:02,761 INFLATION CONTINUES TO HIT 942 00:26:02,761 --> 00:26:04,996 THE EVERY CORNER OF THE BUSINESS 943 00:26:04,996 --> 00:26:05,964 SECTORS INCLUDING THE STRIP 944 00:26:05,964 --> 00:26:06,932 CLUB. 945 00:26:06,932 --> 00:26:09,134 ONE MAN IN NEW YORK DROPPED HIS 946 00:26:09,134 --> 00:26:09,768 DRAWERS AND PULLED OUT A PIPE TO 947 00:26:09,768 --> 00:26:14,406 MAKE SURE YOU KNOW HE IS COMING, 948 00:26:14,406 --> 00:26:16,608 COMING OR AT LEAST RUNNING FOR 949 00:26:16,608 --> 00:26:17,342 OFFICE. 950 00:26:17,342 --> 00:26:20,712 A STORY HAS GONE VIRAL 951 00:26:20,712 --> 00:26:22,681 THROUGHOUT ALL OF TIKTOK ABOUT 952 00:26:22,681 --> 00:26:24,582 HOW SHE STUCK A SO FAR UP HER 953 00:26:24,582 --> 00:26:25,216 BACKSIDE THAT SHE COULD NOT GET 954 00:26:25,216 --> 00:26:28,453 IT OUT. 955 00:26:28,453 --> 00:26:29,621 NOW THURSDAY THIEVES WHO WILL 956 00:26:29,621 --> 00:26:31,323 STILL WET ON THE WATER TO GET 957 00:26:31,323 --> 00:26:34,993 WHAT THEY ARE BROKE ASSES' ONE. 958 00:26:34,993 --> 00:26:36,795 A FILTH NICKEL AND DIMING THIEF 959 00:26:36,795 --> 00:26:41,399 THAT NEEDS HIS ASS KICKED. 960 00:26:41,399 --> 00:26:42,567 YOU'VE NEVER HEARD OF SPLENDID 961 00:26:42,567 --> 00:26:43,768 DADDY'S. 962 00:26:43,768 --> 00:26:45,437 LISTEN UP, EVERYONE, MARRIAGE 963 00:26:45,437 --> 00:26:47,639 DOES NOT AUTOMATICALLY GRANT YOU 964 00:26:47,639 --> 00:26:47,806 SEX. 965 00:26:47,806 --> 00:26:50,408 LEARN THAT. 966 00:26:50,408 --> 00:26:50,675 [LAUGHTER] 967 00:26:50,675 --> 00:26:51,009 [APPLAUSE] 968 00:26:51,009 --> 00:26:51,509 John: MOVING ON. 969 00:26:51,509 --> 00:26:52,344 FINALLY TONIGHT, I WANT TO TALK 970 00:26:52,344 --> 00:26:54,913 ABOUT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW. 971 00:26:54,913 --> 00:26:56,614 IT THE REASON WHY YOUR 972 00:26:56,614 --> 00:26:57,549 UNLICENSED HALLOWEEN COSTUME OF 973 00:26:57,549 --> 00:26:58,984 OSCAR THE GROUCH IS CALLED 974 00:26:58,984 --> 00:26:59,784 SOMETHING LIKE "CRANKY TRASH 975 00:26:59,784 --> 00:27:02,354 PERVERT." 976 00:27:02,354 --> 00:27:02,988 AND BEFORE WE GO ANY FURTHER, I 977 00:27:02,988 --> 00:27:04,622 WANT TO SHOW YOU THE TRAILER FOR 978 00:27:04,622 --> 00:27:05,390 A RECENT HORROR MOVIE. 979 00:27:05,390 --> 00:27:11,529 AND IF YOU HAVEN'T SEEN IT, I'LL 980 00:27:11,529 --> 00:27:12,130 JUST SAY IT HAS A SOMEWHAT 981 00:27:12,130 --> 00:27:15,000 UNEXPECTED VILLAIN. 982 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:15,567 CHRISTOPHER, WE NEED TO 983 00:27:15,567 --> 00:27:18,937 LEAVE, NOW. 984 00:27:18,937 --> 00:27:19,504 I REALLY NEED TO FIND OUT 985 00:27:19,504 --> 00:27:20,071 WHAT'S HAPPENED HERE, OKAY? 986 00:27:20,071 --> 00:27:31,716 ♪ ♪ 987 00:27:31,716 --> 00:27:34,919 [SCREAMING] 988 00:27:34,919 --> 00:27:39,391 ♪ ♪ 989 00:27:39,391 --> 00:27:39,824 John: YES. 990 00:27:39,824 --> 00:27:40,692 EVERYTHING ABOUT THAT IS 991 00:27:40,692 --> 00:27:41,760 DISTURBING, INCLUDING THAT 992 00:27:41,760 --> 00:27:43,561 WINNIE THE POOH IN THIS MOVIE 993 00:27:43,561 --> 00:27:44,362 LOOKS LIKE SOMEONE SHAVED AND 994 00:27:44,362 --> 00:27:46,531 BLEACHED THE GRINCH. 995 00:27:46,531 --> 00:27:47,365 ALSO, WHY DOES HE HAVE TO BE THE 996 00:27:47,365 --> 00:27:48,600 BAD GUY? 997 00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:50,001 ANY OF THE OTHER CHARACTERS 998 00:27:50,001 --> 00:27:50,902 WOULD MAKE MUCH MORE SENSE AS A 999 00:27:50,902 --> 00:27:52,303 KILLER. 1000 00:27:52,303 --> 00:27:52,537 PIGLET? 1001 00:27:52,537 --> 00:27:53,171 INFERIORITY COMPLEX. 1002 00:27:53,171 --> 00:27:54,239 TICKING TIME BOMB. 1003 00:27:54,239 --> 00:27:54,973 TIGGER? 1004 00:27:54,973 --> 00:27:55,740 FAST. 1005 00:27:55,740 --> 00:27:56,441 POWERFUL. 1006 00:27:56,441 --> 00:27:57,375 UNHINGED. 1007 00:27:57,375 --> 00:27:57,709 RABBIT? 1008 00:27:57,709 --> 00:27:58,743 TWISTED CONTROL FREAK. 1009 00:27:58,743 --> 00:27:59,611 EEYORE? 1010 00:27:59,611 --> 00:28:00,578 DON'T GET ME STARTED. 1011 00:28:00,578 --> 00:28:01,379 HE'S BEEN KICKED AROUND FOR 1012 00:28:01,379 --> 00:28:02,514 DECADES. 1013 00:28:02,514 --> 00:28:03,715 WHEN EEYORE SNAPS, NONE OF US 1014 00:28:03,715 --> 00:28:06,251 ARE SAFE. 1015 00:28:06,251 --> 00:28:07,152 NOW, UNSURPRISINGLY, NOT 1016 00:28:07,152 --> 00:28:09,054 EVERYONE WAS ON BOARD WITH THE 1017 00:28:09,054 --> 00:28:10,755 MOVIE'S CONCEPT. 1018 00:28:10,755 --> 00:28:11,656 THAT IS AWFUL, THEY CAN'T 1019 00:28:11,656 --> 00:28:12,791 TURN WINNIE THE POOH INTO A 1020 00:28:12,791 --> 00:28:14,259 HORROR FILM. 1021 00:28:14,259 --> 00:28:15,960 THAT'D BE TERRIFYING, WOULDN'T 1022 00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:16,561 IT? 1023 00:28:16,561 --> 00:28:18,263 I'M USED TO HIM BEING, LIKE, 1024 00:28:18,263 --> 00:28:20,031 A CUTE LITTLE BEAR IN THE WOODS, 1025 00:28:20,031 --> 00:28:22,000 NOT A-- NOT A CRIMINAL. 1026 00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:24,269 John: RIGHT, WINNIE THE POOH 1027 00:28:24,269 --> 00:28:25,437 IS CUDDLY AND FUN. 1028 00:28:25,437 --> 00:28:27,672 HE'S AN IMPORTANT ROLE MODEL FOR 1029 00:28:27,672 --> 00:28:33,411 WOODLAND BEARS, ESPECIALLY NOW, 1030 00:28:33,411 --> 00:28:34,512 WHEN THEY HAVE SO MANY REALLY 1031 00:28:34,512 --> 00:28:34,779 BAD ONES. 1032 00:28:34,779 --> 00:28:35,380 NOW, THE REASON THAT MOVIE 1033 00:28:35,380 --> 00:28:36,881 HASN'T BEEN CRUSHED UNDER THE 1034 00:28:36,881 --> 00:28:37,515 FORCE OF A THOUSAND LAWSUITS, IS 1035 00:28:37,515 --> 00:28:38,583 BECAUSE IN JANUARY OF LAST YEAR, 1036 00:28:38,583 --> 00:28:40,085 THE ORIGINAL COPYRIGHT ON 1037 00:28:40,085 --> 00:28:41,286 WINNIE-THE-POOH EXPIRED. 1038 00:28:41,286 --> 00:28:42,720 MEANING ANYONE IN THE U.S. CAN 1039 00:28:42,720 --> 00:28:44,355 NOW FREELY USE THE CHARACTERS 1040 00:28:44,355 --> 00:28:46,724 FROM THE ORIGINAL BOOK, WITHOUT 1041 00:28:46,724 --> 00:28:48,359 HAVING TO PAY OR ASK PERMISSION. 1042 00:28:48,359 --> 00:28:49,928 BUT IT TURNS OUT, WINNIE THE 1043 00:28:49,928 --> 00:28:51,830 POOH ISN'T ACTUALLY THE ONLY 1044 00:28:51,830 --> 00:28:53,298 MAJOR CHARACTER, OWNED BY 1045 00:28:53,298 --> 00:28:55,200 DISNEY, ON THE PRECIPICE OF 1046 00:28:55,200 --> 00:28:56,167 ENTERING PUBLIC DOMAIN. 1047 00:28:56,167 --> 00:28:57,802 DISNEY COULD SOON LOSE ITS 1048 00:28:57,802 --> 00:28:58,803 EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO ITS MOST 1049 00:28:58,803 --> 00:28:59,904 ICONIC CHARACTER. 1050 00:28:59,904 --> 00:29:01,272 THE COPYRIGHT FOR MICKEY MOUSE 1051 00:29:01,272 --> 00:29:03,408 IS SET TO EXPIRE IN 2024, 95 1052 00:29:03,408 --> 00:29:03,942 YEARS AFTER ITS FIRST 1053 00:29:03,942 --> 00:29:09,347 PUBLICATION. 1054 00:29:09,347 --> 00:29:09,781 John: IT'S TRUE! 1055 00:29:09,781 --> 00:29:10,415 MICKEY MOUSE WILL SOON BE PUBLIC 1056 00:29:10,415 --> 00:29:11,549 PROPERTY IN THE U.S.! 1057 00:29:11,549 --> 00:29:13,451 WHICH IS A BIG DEAL, BECAUSE HIS 1058 00:29:13,451 --> 00:29:14,853 COPYRIGHT IS A CLOSELY-GUARDED 1059 00:29:14,853 --> 00:29:16,821 CORPORATE TREASURE, LIKE THE 1060 00:29:16,821 --> 00:29:20,625 FORMULA TO COCA COLA, OR THE 11 1061 00:29:20,625 --> 00:29:21,426 HERBS AND SPICES, OR 1062 00:29:21,426 --> 00:29:22,994 WHERE MCDONALDS BURIED THE BODY 1063 00:29:22,994 --> 00:29:23,828 OF MAYOR MCCHEESE. 1064 00:29:23,828 --> 00:29:25,864 AND DISNEY'S BEEN WILDLY 1065 00:29:25,864 --> 00:29:26,865 AGGRESSIVE IN DEFENDING ITS 1066 00:29:26,865 --> 00:29:28,233 COPYRIGHTS OVER THE YEARS, AT 1067 00:29:28,233 --> 00:29:29,567 ONE POINT, TELLING A STONEMASON 1068 00:29:29,567 --> 00:29:31,035 THAT CARVING WINNIE THE POOH 1069 00:29:31,035 --> 00:29:32,804 INTO A CHILD'S GRAVESTONE WOULD 1070 00:29:32,804 --> 00:29:34,272 VIOLATE ITS COPYRIGHT, BEFORE 1071 00:29:34,272 --> 00:29:35,773 ULTIMATELY RELENTING, LEADING TO 1072 00:29:35,773 --> 00:29:37,242 THE EXCEPTIONAL HEADLINE, 1073 00:29:37,242 --> 00:29:39,377 "DISNEY LIFTS POOH BEAR GRAVE 1074 00:29:39,377 --> 00:29:41,446 BAN." 1075 00:29:41,446 --> 00:29:42,080 SO CONGRATS, DISNEY. 1076 00:29:42,080 --> 00:29:43,014 YOU REALLY CAME OFF AS THE GOOD 1077 00:29:43,014 --> 00:29:47,752 GUY IN THAT ONE. 1078 00:29:47,752 --> 00:29:49,654 BUT THAT'S NOT ALL, BECAUSE IN 1079 00:29:49,654 --> 00:29:50,088 1989, THEY DID THIS. 1080 00:29:50,088 --> 00:29:50,722 NOW DISNEY LAWYERS HAVE TAKEN 1081 00:29:50,722 --> 00:29:51,689 AIM AT THIS FLORIDA DAY CARE 1082 00:29:51,689 --> 00:29:52,390 CENTER, SAYING IT HAS NO RIGHT 1083 00:29:52,390 --> 00:29:54,392 TO USE DISNEY CHARACTERS ON ITS 1084 00:29:54,392 --> 00:29:55,260 WALLS. 1085 00:29:55,260 --> 00:29:57,495 KIDS AND PARENTS HERE AT VERY 1086 00:29:57,495 --> 00:29:58,263 IMPORTANT BABIES DON'T WANT TO 1087 00:29:58,263 --> 00:29:59,264 LOSE MICKEY. 1088 00:29:59,264 --> 00:30:00,798 I'LL FEEL SAD A LOT. 1089 00:30:00,798 --> 00:30:01,366 IF THEY TOOK MICKEY DOWN? 1090 00:30:01,366 --> 00:30:03,201 WHY? 1091 00:30:03,201 --> 00:30:04,636 BECAUSE I LIKE HIM. 1092 00:30:04,636 --> 00:30:06,137 John: AW, DON'T WORRY, BUDDY! 1093 00:30:06,137 --> 00:30:07,839 NO ONE'S TAKING MICKEY AWAY. 1094 00:30:07,839 --> 00:30:09,073 THEY'RE JUST GOING TO PAINT OVER 1095 00:30:09,073 --> 00:30:09,507 HIM. 1096 00:30:09,507 --> 00:30:10,742 SO HE'LL STILL BE THERE, 1097 00:30:10,742 --> 00:30:11,743 INVISIBLE TO YOU, TRAPPED UNDER 1098 00:30:11,743 --> 00:30:13,545 A THIN LAYER OF PAINT, 1099 00:30:13,545 --> 00:30:14,546 TANTALIZINGLY CLOSE, BUT 1100 00:30:14,546 --> 00:30:16,981 PERMANENTLY ALONE, IN A SORT OF 1101 00:30:16,981 --> 00:30:18,149 LIMINAL UNDEATH. 1102 00:30:18,149 --> 00:30:19,484 NOW RUN ALONG AND PLAY! 1103 00:30:19,484 --> 00:30:21,152 HE'S WATCHING YOU, ALL THE TIME, 1104 00:30:21,152 --> 00:30:24,389 YOU VERY IMPORTANT BABY! 1105 00:30:24,389 --> 00:30:26,391 AND DISNEY HAS BEEN DESPERATE 1106 00:30:26,391 --> 00:30:27,892 NOT TO SEE ITS COPYRIGHT ON 1107 00:30:27,892 --> 00:30:28,726 MICKEY EXPIRE. 1108 00:30:28,726 --> 00:30:30,161 IT WAS ACTUALLY SUPPOSED TO DO 1109 00:30:30,161 --> 00:30:30,962 SO IN THE EARLY 2000S, BUT 1110 00:30:30,962 --> 00:30:32,630 DISNEY, AMONG OTHERS, 1111 00:30:32,630 --> 00:30:33,698 SUCCESSFULLY LOBBIED CONGRESS TO 1112 00:30:33,698 --> 00:30:36,167 EXTEND IT ANOTHER TWENTY YEARS, 1113 00:30:36,167 --> 00:30:36,668 IN A BILL THAT WAS EVEN 1114 00:30:36,668 --> 00:30:39,003 NICKNAMED AT THE TIME "THE 1115 00:30:39,003 --> 00:30:40,104 MICKEY MOUSE PROTECTION ACT." 1116 00:30:40,104 --> 00:30:41,873 AND THE TRUTH IS, EVEN AFTER 1117 00:30:41,873 --> 00:30:43,675 THIS NEW DEADLINE EXPIRES, 1118 00:30:43,675 --> 00:30:45,210 DISNEY MAY STILL BE ABLE TO GO 1119 00:30:45,210 --> 00:30:46,911 AFTER ANYONE USING MICKEY'S 1120 00:30:46,911 --> 00:30:47,612 LIKENESS. 1121 00:30:47,612 --> 00:30:49,080 BECAUSE CRUCIALLY, ONLY ONE 1122 00:30:49,080 --> 00:30:51,015 PARTICULAR VERSION OF THE 1123 00:30:51,015 --> 00:30:52,450 CHARACTER IS ABOUT TO BECOME 1124 00:30:52,450 --> 00:30:53,251 FAIR GAME. 1125 00:30:53,251 --> 00:30:54,519 NOW KEEP IN MIND THAT ONLY 1126 00:30:54,519 --> 00:30:56,354 THE VERY FIRST VERSION OF MICKEY 1127 00:30:56,354 --> 00:30:57,522 IS THE ONE THAT WILL BE STRIPPED 1128 00:30:57,522 --> 00:30:58,890 OF ITS COPYRIGHT. 1129 00:30:58,890 --> 00:31:00,458 THAT'S THE 1928 BLACK-AND-WHITE 1130 00:31:00,458 --> 00:31:03,394 VERSION WHERE MICKEY'S ON THE 1131 00:31:03,394 --> 00:31:05,730 STEAMBOAT AND BACK THEN MICKEY 1132 00:31:05,730 --> 00:31:06,631 LOOKED MORE RAT-LIKE. 1133 00:31:06,631 --> 00:31:07,899 DISNEY WILL RETAIN ITS COPYRIGHT 1134 00:31:07,899 --> 00:31:09,968 ON ANY SUBSEQUENT VARIATIONS AND 1135 00:31:09,968 --> 00:31:11,603 OTHER FILMS OR ARTWORK UNTIL 1136 00:31:11,603 --> 00:31:18,509 THEY REACH THE 95 YEAR MARK. 1137 00:31:18,509 --> 00:31:19,744 John: SHE'S RIGHTTRUE. 1138 00:31:19,744 --> 00:31:22,714 John: SHE'S RIGHT. 1139 00:31:22,714 --> 00:31:23,314 THE U.S. COPYRIGHT IS ONLY SET 1140 00:31:23,314 --> 00:31:23,881 TO EXPIRE FOR THE ORIGINAL, 1141 00:31:23,881 --> 00:31:24,482 "STEAMBOAT WILLIE" VERSION OF 1142 00:31:24,482 --> 00:31:24,716 MICKEY. 1143 00:31:24,716 --> 00:31:25,350 DISNEY'S COPYRIGHT STILL APPLIES 1144 00:31:25,350 --> 00:31:25,950 TO THE LATER VERSIONS IN WHICH 1145 00:31:25,950 --> 00:31:26,551 MICKEY GIVES OFF STRONG DIANE 1146 00:31:26,551 --> 00:31:27,619 KEATON VIBES, BY WHICH I MEAN, 1147 00:31:27,619 --> 00:31:28,353 HE'S UNCONTROLLABLY HORNY WHILE 1148 00:31:28,353 --> 00:31:31,723 WEARING GLOVES. 1149 00:31:31,723 --> 00:31:32,991 ON TOP OF WHICH, DISNEY HAS 1150 00:31:32,991 --> 00:31:34,192 REGISTERED TRADEMARKS RELATED TO 1151 00:31:34,192 --> 00:31:35,093 MICKEY. 1152 00:31:35,093 --> 00:31:36,794 WHICH DON'T EXPIRE. 1153 00:31:36,794 --> 00:31:38,129 IN FACT, SOME HAVE SPECULATED 1154 00:31:38,129 --> 00:31:39,897 THAT THAT MAY BE WHY DISNEY 1155 00:31:39,897 --> 00:31:41,633 REDESIGNED ITS ANIMATION STUDIOS 1156 00:31:41,633 --> 00:31:44,769 OPENING LOGO TO INCORPORATE THE 1157 00:31:44,769 --> 00:31:47,472 STEAMBOAT WILLIE MICKEY MOUSE. 1158 00:31:47,472 --> 00:31:48,106 AND IT DOES FEEL LIKE A TACTICAL 1159 00:31:48,106 --> 00:31:49,107 LEGAL MOVE. 1160 00:31:49,107 --> 00:31:51,776 BASICALLY, THEY MAY ARGUE THAT 1161 00:31:51,776 --> 00:31:53,878 THIS EARLY MICKEY'S IMAGE IS SO 1162 00:31:53,878 --> 00:31:54,479 CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR 1163 00:31:54,479 --> 00:31:57,315 COMPANY THAT PEOPLE WILL ASSUME 1164 00:31:57,315 --> 00:31:57,949 ANY IMAGE OF HIM WAS PRODUCED OR 1165 00:31:57,949 --> 00:31:58,883 AUTHORIZED BY THEM, AND STILL 1166 00:31:58,883 --> 00:32:00,918 TAKE LEGAL ACTION. 1167 00:32:00,918 --> 00:32:02,720 SO THE FACT IS, ANYONE WANTING 1168 00:32:02,720 --> 00:32:04,622 TO USE THE "STEAMBOAT WILLIE" 1169 00:32:04,622 --> 00:32:05,890 MICKEY MOUSE, WILL PROBABLY 1170 00:32:05,890 --> 00:32:07,125 STILL BE TAKING A RISK. 1171 00:32:07,125 --> 00:32:08,926 BUT IF YOU KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT 1172 00:32:08,926 --> 00:32:10,161 THIS SHOW BY NOW, YOU KNOW WE DO 1173 00:32:10,161 --> 00:32:13,331 LIKE TO TAKE A RISK EVERY NOW 1174 00:32:13,331 --> 00:32:14,465 AND THEN. 1175 00:32:14,465 --> 00:32:15,566 AND THERE'S A LOT TO BE SAID FOR 1176 00:32:15,566 --> 00:32:17,802 BEATING THE RUSH TO CAPITALIZE 1177 00:32:17,802 --> 00:32:19,704 ON MICKEY THAT'LL START NEXT 1178 00:32:19,704 --> 00:32:20,138 YEAR. 1179 00:32:20,138 --> 00:32:22,974 SO TONIGHT, I'D LIKE TO PREVIEW 1180 00:32:22,974 --> 00:32:24,208 FOR YOU A BRAND NEW CHARACTER ON 1181 00:32:24,208 --> 00:32:26,744 OUR SHOW, MICKEY MOUSE! 1182 00:32:26,744 --> 00:32:27,679 Mickey: OH, BOY! 1183 00:32:27,679 --> 00:32:28,946 HEY THERE, JOHN! 1184 00:32:28,946 --> 00:32:32,383 John: HEY THERE, MICKEY! 1185 00:32:32,383 --> 00:32:33,484 IT'S SO GREAT TO HAVE YOU WITH 1186 00:32:33,484 --> 00:32:33,651 US! 1187 00:32:33,651 --> 00:32:34,052 Mickey: WHERE'S 1188 00:32:34,052 --> 00:32:34,919 SHELLEY MISCAVIGE? 1189 00:32:34,919 --> 00:32:36,721 John: OH, MICKEY, THERE'S THE 1190 00:32:36,721 --> 00:32:37,822 CLASSIC CATCHPHRASE YOU'RE GOING 1191 00:32:37,822 --> 00:32:39,290 TO BE DOING EVERY TIME YOU'RE ON 1192 00:32:39,290 --> 00:32:40,391 THIS SHOW FROM NOW ON! 1193 00:32:40,391 --> 00:32:41,726 YOU KNOW, THE NICE THING ABOUT 1194 00:32:41,726 --> 00:32:43,394 CHARACTERS ENTERING THE PUBLIC 1195 00:32:43,394 --> 00:32:44,195 DOMAIN IS, YOU CAN DO NEW, 1196 00:32:44,195 --> 00:32:46,497 INTERESTING THINGS WITH THEM! 1197 00:32:46,497 --> 00:32:48,166 Mickey: I THOUGHT I WASN'T 1198 00:32:48,166 --> 00:32:49,467 PUBLIC DOMAIN UNTIL NEXT YEAR! 1199 00:32:49,467 --> 00:32:52,036 John: THAT'S ACTUALLY TRUE, 1200 00:32:52,036 --> 00:32:53,838 BUDDY, WE ARE PUSHING THE LIMIT 1201 00:32:53,838 --> 00:32:59,110 A BIT HERE. 1202 00:32:59,110 --> 00:32:59,711 ACTUALLY, COME TO THINK OF IT, 1203 00:32:59,711 --> 00:33:00,345 IS YOUR VOICE PUBLIC DOMAIN YET? 1204 00:33:00,345 --> 00:33:00,945 Mickey: I GUESS YOU'LL FIND 1205 00:33:00,945 --> 00:33:01,112 OUT! 1206 00:33:01,112 --> 00:33:01,779 John: YEAH, I GUESS WE WILL! 1207 00:33:01,779 --> 00:33:02,347 Mickey: I HOPE HENRY 1208 00:33:02,347 --> 00:33:04,615 KISSINGER DIES SOON! 1209 00:33:04,615 --> 00:33:05,283 John: OH, ME TOO, MICKEY! 1210 00:33:05,283 --> 00:33:06,818 CONSIDER THAT YOUR SECOND 1211 00:33:06,818 --> 00:33:11,022 CATCHPHRASE! 1212 00:33:11,022 --> 00:33:11,522 BYE! 1213 00:33:11,522 --> 00:33:12,357 THE POINT IS, WE'RE STAKING OUR 1214 00:33:12,357 --> 00:33:12,990 CLAIM TO MICKEY MOUSE RIGHT NOW. 1215 00:33:12,990 --> 00:33:15,059 AND I KNOW DISNEY'S LAWYERS 1216 00:33:15,059 --> 00:33:15,960 MIGHT TAKE THE TRADEMARK ANGLE, 1217 00:33:15,960 --> 00:33:18,096 AND ARGUE THAT THIS MICKEY IS 1218 00:33:18,096 --> 00:33:18,796 CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR 1219 00:33:18,796 --> 00:33:19,397 BRAND. 1220 00:33:19,397 --> 00:33:20,832 ALTHOUGH THEY SHOULD KNOW, HE'S 1221 00:33:20,832 --> 00:33:27,538 PRETTY CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH 1222 00:33:27,538 --> 00:33:28,172 OUR BRAND NOW, TOO, AND NOT JUST 1223 00:33:28,172 --> 00:33:28,773 BECAUSE I HAVE A GENERAL VIBE 1224 00:33:28,773 --> 00:33:29,307 THAT SCREAMS "95-YEAR-OLD 1225 00:33:29,307 --> 00:33:30,408 RAT-FACED IDIOT." 1226 00:33:30,408 --> 00:33:31,542 BUT ALSO BECAUSE THE "STEAMBOAT 1227 00:33:31,542 --> 00:33:32,777 WILLIE" MICKEY HAS ACTUALLY BEEN 1228 00:33:32,777 --> 00:33:34,545 IN OUR OPENING CREDITS SINCE THE 1229 00:33:34,545 --> 00:33:37,548 FIRST SHOW OF THIS SEASON. 1230 00:33:37,548 --> 00:33:38,149 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 1231 00:33:38,149 --> 00:33:39,650 AND I DON'T DOUBT DISNEY HAS 1232 00:33:39,650 --> 00:33:41,419 SOME OTHER LEGAL ARGUMENTS UP 1233 00:33:41,419 --> 00:33:42,353 THEIR SLEEVE, BUT WE'RE ONLY 1234 00:33:42,353 --> 00:33:44,188 LIKELY TO FIND OUT WHAT THEY ARE 1235 00:33:44,188 --> 00:33:49,260 IF AND WHEN THEY SUE. 1236 00:33:49,260 --> 00:33:49,761 SO YOU KNOW WHAT? 1237 00:33:49,761 --> 00:33:50,695 LET'S TAKE THIS UP A NOTCH. 1238 00:33:50,695 --> 00:33:53,898 COME SAY HI, MICKEY! 1239 00:33:53,898 --> 00:33:56,667 COME ON, MICKEY! 1240 00:33:56,667 --> 00:33:57,335 OH, THAT'S NICE. 1241 00:33:57,335 --> 00:34:00,638 HERE HE IS! 1242 00:34:00,638 --> 00:34:01,272 AND YOU KNOW WHAT? 1243 00:34:01,272 --> 00:34:02,640 AND GREAT NEWS, AS OF JANUARY 1 1244 00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:05,076 NEXT YEAR, THIS MASCOT COSTUME 1245 00:34:05,076 --> 00:34:06,677 WILL BE AVAILABLE TO YOU FOR 1246 00:34:06,677 --> 00:34:08,513 BIRTHDAY PARTIES, THEME PARK 1247 00:34:08,513 --> 00:34:09,313 OPENINGS, FUNERALS, SEX DUNGEONS 1248 00:34:09,313 --> 00:34:11,582 - BASICALLY, WHATEVER YOU WANT 1249 00:34:11,582 --> 00:34:12,049 TO USE IT FOR. 1250 00:34:12,049 --> 00:34:13,518 HEY THERE, MICKEY! 1251 00:34:13,518 --> 00:34:15,987 Mickey: WHERE'S SHELLEY? 1252 00:34:15,987 --> 00:34:16,754 John: OH, THERE HE GOES 1253 00:34:16,754 --> 00:34:18,523 AGAIN! 1254 00:34:18,523 --> 00:34:19,791 Mickey: JEFFREY EPSTEIN 1255 00:34:19,791 --> 00:34:22,360 DIDN'T KILL HIMSELF! 1256 00:34:22,360 --> 00:34:23,060 John: OH, THAT'S THREE 1257 00:34:23,060 --> 00:34:25,229 CATCHPHRASES! 1258 00:34:25,229 --> 00:34:27,732 2024 IS ONLY 274 DAYS AWAY! 1259 00:34:27,732 --> 00:34:31,135 THE COUNTDOWN BEGINS! 1260 00:34:31,135 --> 00:34:34,639 THAT IS OUR SHOW, THANKS SO MUCH 1261 00:34:34,639 --> 00:34:37,942 FOR WATCHING. 1262 00:34:37,942 --> 00:34:38,476 WE WILL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK. 1263 00:34:38,476 --> 00:34:38,943 GOOD NIGHT! 1264 00:34:38,943 --> 00:34:39,410 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 1265 00:34:39,410 --> 00:34:40,478 ♪ ♪