1 00:00:14,280 --> 00:00:17,400 [Rowe] Halden Maximum Security Prison, Norway. 2 00:00:19,080 --> 00:00:20,760 Home to violent criminals... 3 00:00:22,080 --> 00:00:22,960 [guards yelling] 4 00:00:23,040 --> 00:00:24,200 ...rapists, 5 00:00:25,120 --> 00:00:26,160 and murderers. 6 00:00:26,240 --> 00:00:28,440 -[Rowe] What did you do with the body? -I buried it. 7 00:00:29,160 --> 00:00:32,920 [Rowe] But this controversial prison doesn't just lock the inmates up. 8 00:00:34,000 --> 00:00:36,880 Its mission is to turn their lives around. 9 00:00:36,960 --> 00:00:40,280 I'm slightly unhinged by the lack of bars. 10 00:00:42,200 --> 00:00:44,120 [Rowe] My name is Raphael Rowe, 11 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:47,200 and I'm spending a week banged up in this Norwegian prison 12 00:00:48,280 --> 00:00:50,360 to find out how they do it. 13 00:00:51,240 --> 00:00:54,040 But it's not my first time behind bars. 14 00:00:55,160 --> 00:00:58,560 I was convicted in the UK of a murder I didn't commit 15 00:00:58,640 --> 00:01:01,960 and sentenced to life with no parole. 16 00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:07,200 Now, I'm traveling the globe to discover what life is really like 17 00:01:08,040 --> 00:01:10,800 inside some of the world's toughest prisons. 18 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:26,960 Set in a pine forest 15 miles from the border with Sweden, 19 00:01:27,040 --> 00:01:32,000 Halden Prison is a state-of-the-art maximum security facility. 20 00:01:33,160 --> 00:01:34,760 Purpose-built in 2010, 21 00:01:35,320 --> 00:01:38,320 it holds some of Norway's most dangerous inmates: 22 00:01:38,400 --> 00:01:42,440 murderers, drug traffickers, and violent criminals. 23 00:01:43,400 --> 00:01:46,000 And I'm about to be locked up here. 24 00:01:49,720 --> 00:01:53,400 Do we lock up prisoners and throw away the key? 25 00:01:53,480 --> 00:01:57,000 Do we punish prisoners because of what they've done? 26 00:01:57,080 --> 00:01:59,560 Or do we rehabilitate these prisoners? 27 00:02:00,880 --> 00:02:02,880 [Rowe] Halden gives these hardened criminals 28 00:02:02,960 --> 00:02:05,440 the best second chance they'll ever get. 29 00:02:05,520 --> 00:02:07,480 And it seems to work. 30 00:02:10,639 --> 00:02:14,160 Their reoffending rates are the lowest in the world. 31 00:02:14,600 --> 00:02:19,720 But at a massive cost of $120,000 per prisoner, per year, 32 00:02:19,800 --> 00:02:24,000 Halden's methods and philosophy have courted controversy. 33 00:02:24,800 --> 00:02:28,760 I'm told that this is a place that focuses on rehabilitation, 34 00:02:28,840 --> 00:02:35,200 and, for me, rehabilitating offenders, rehabilitating criminals' mind-set 35 00:02:35,280 --> 00:02:41,320 is probably one of the toughest challenges any prison around the world faces. 36 00:02:42,360 --> 00:02:47,680 [Rowe] In Norway, the maximum sentence anyone can get is 21 years, 37 00:02:47,760 --> 00:02:49,520 no matter how horrific the crime. 38 00:02:50,080 --> 00:02:53,240 So, rehabilitation is essential. 39 00:02:53,840 --> 00:02:56,680 With a reoffending rate of just 30%, 40 00:02:56,760 --> 00:02:59,920 I want to find out how they do things differently. 41 00:03:01,360 --> 00:03:04,400 I'm now inside what looks like a concrete dead zone. 42 00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:08,840 One gate's closed behind me, and a second huge gate is opening up. 43 00:03:09,880 --> 00:03:14,400 This is the last time you walk on free soil. 44 00:03:14,480 --> 00:03:15,880 This is prison soil. 45 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:19,720 [Rowe] I've been checked into a lot of prisons, 46 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:22,480 and it's never a pleasant experience. 47 00:03:24,840 --> 00:03:26,040 -[guard 1] Hello. -Hello. 48 00:03:26,600 --> 00:03:27,480 Hi. 49 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:32,440 [Rowe] This is the first time I've had a welcoming handshake from a guard. 50 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:38,280 It's all very civilized. So, what happens next? 51 00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:43,160 Now it's time to register you in the system, book you in. 52 00:03:43,240 --> 00:03:45,280 And then you have to take all your clothes off, 53 00:03:45,360 --> 00:03:47,080 and you get new clothes off us. 54 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:48,240 Yeah, I'm not new to that, 55 00:03:48,320 --> 00:03:50,600 but I never look forward to it. That's for sure. 56 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:53,280 Why are you putting these gloves on? 57 00:03:53,360 --> 00:04:00,360 It's just to keep us clean from whatever any inmate have been through. 58 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:03,280 So, if I was a very dirty inmate or... 59 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:05,120 -Yeah. -All right. 60 00:04:05,200 --> 00:04:07,000 Good. That's a good sign. 61 00:04:07,080 --> 00:04:11,400 I thought maybe you were putting them on for other, kind of internal searches. 62 00:04:11,480 --> 00:04:12,960 We're not allowed to do that. 63 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:17,160 [Rowe] The strip search is normally the first chance 64 00:04:17,240 --> 00:04:22,240 for guards to exert their power and control over a new arrival. 65 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:23,840 [guard 2] Thank you. 66 00:04:23,920 --> 00:04:26,640 [guard 1] Now we have new clothes for you. 67 00:04:27,360 --> 00:04:28,640 That's the best part. 68 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:29,920 [Rowe] Okay. 69 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:33,520 I suspect that you get lots of guys coming through here 70 00:04:33,600 --> 00:04:36,400 who don't wanna take their clothes off because they're hiding something. 71 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:38,120 We have to use force then. 72 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:40,600 But we are contacting more people, 73 00:04:40,680 --> 00:04:43,120 so we have more officers to handle it better. 74 00:04:43,200 --> 00:04:45,520 In my experience of prison, 75 00:04:45,600 --> 00:04:49,720 it's been a conflict between both prisoners and prison staff. 76 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:52,160 The battle is constant. 77 00:04:52,240 --> 00:04:55,160 We're not here to punish you in prison. 78 00:04:55,240 --> 00:04:58,440 That you're in prison is the punishment. 79 00:04:59,480 --> 00:05:00,440 You see? 80 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:04,600 If you are here for ten years, and we punish you for ten years, 81 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:07,680 who are you gonna be when you go out to the freedom? 82 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:11,800 [Rowe] This is a new experience for me. 83 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:16,280 By this stage, I'm usually feeling humiliated and angry. 84 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:18,440 [Rowe] Already, I've been disarmed. 85 00:05:19,160 --> 00:05:24,080 It's a tough thing for a criminal because you expect confrontation, 86 00:05:24,160 --> 00:05:26,000 but what you get... 87 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:29,560 from the moment you arrive in this prison, is... 88 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:34,920 I hesitate to say kindness, but you definitely get respect. 89 00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:40,160 [Rowe] New prisoners like me are assigned to Halden's A-block 90 00:05:40,240 --> 00:05:42,280 to make sure they are drug free. 91 00:05:43,240 --> 00:05:46,800 Here they are observed and psychiatrically assessed by the authorities, 92 00:05:46,880 --> 00:05:50,800 before being moved into the main prison population. 93 00:05:51,840 --> 00:05:54,080 -[Rowe] So, this is me? -[guard] This is you. 94 00:05:55,640 --> 00:05:56,640 [Rowe] Wow... 95 00:05:58,720 --> 00:06:01,080 -[guard] Here, you have the bathroom. -Okay. 96 00:06:04,160 --> 00:06:05,760 It's unbelievable. It's like an en suite. 97 00:06:05,840 --> 00:06:08,400 I've never seen anything like it. It's amazing. 98 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:13,400 Okay. So, I'm in here on my own, 'cause there's one bed, one prisoner. 99 00:06:13,480 --> 00:06:14,960 [guard] It's only for you. 100 00:06:15,040 --> 00:06:19,600 You have your TV here and closet to put your clothes and stuff. 101 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:21,760 And a fridge here. 102 00:06:21,840 --> 00:06:23,480 -A fridge? -In here. 103 00:06:23,560 --> 00:06:24,880 -I have a fridge. -Yes. 104 00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:28,680 [Rowe] This is better than some hotels I've stayed in. 105 00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:34,960 What do you expect of me as a new prisoner on this wing? 106 00:06:35,600 --> 00:06:41,040 Um, it's to follow the rules we have, to follow the routines 107 00:06:41,120 --> 00:06:44,080 and, uh... just behave. 108 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:46,720 -Okay? Good luck for now. -Okay. Thank you. 109 00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:47,720 Thank you very much. 110 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:49,320 -Thank you. Bye-bye. -Bye. 111 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:52,560 Wow! 112 00:06:54,920 --> 00:06:59,040 Criminals' experience of coming into a prison cell 113 00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:03,240 is that they are... They are under attack. 114 00:07:03,960 --> 00:07:06,800 They're being punished. They're being confined. 115 00:07:06,880 --> 00:07:08,440 That's what prison's about. 116 00:07:09,120 --> 00:07:12,560 This is saying to you, "Relax." 117 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,280 It doesn't look like or feel like a prison cell. 118 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:20,640 But you'd be fooled if you think coming into a cell 119 00:07:20,720 --> 00:07:24,000 where you have these privileges is not tough. 120 00:07:24,080 --> 00:07:24,920 Why? 121 00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:28,600 For people who have experienced nothing but shit in their lives, 122 00:07:28,680 --> 00:07:30,160 all their lives, 123 00:07:30,640 --> 00:07:33,440 to be treated like this... 124 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:39,520 is gonna challenge everything they've learned. 125 00:07:41,080 --> 00:07:44,760 [Rowe] And for me, that can be tougher. 126 00:07:46,480 --> 00:07:49,240 I'm blown away by what I've seen so far, 127 00:07:49,320 --> 00:07:53,200 and I'm keen to know what my fellow inmates on A-block make of it. 128 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:56,320 How you doing? 129 00:07:57,120 --> 00:07:58,480 -Raphael. -Robin. 130 00:07:58,560 --> 00:08:00,200 -Robin? -Nice to meet you. 131 00:08:01,240 --> 00:08:03,560 So, this is very different to what I'm used to. 132 00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:04,880 -Okay. -Yeah. 133 00:08:05,440 --> 00:08:08,400 How long you've been in for and what are you in prison for? 134 00:08:08,480 --> 00:08:11,560 [in Norwegian] So, I have served three years 135 00:08:11,640 --> 00:08:13,360 and have 30 different cases. 136 00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:17,480 Everything from breaking and entering, to theft, 137 00:08:17,560 --> 00:08:18,960 robbery, violence... 138 00:08:20,560 --> 00:08:27,400 and an attempted murder when I was 14, which they have included in this sentence. 139 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:31,480 [Rowe] Robin says he was under the influence of drugs and alcohol 140 00:08:31,560 --> 00:08:33,760 when he stabbed a friend in the neck. 141 00:08:33,840 --> 00:08:37,760 Most of his three years have been spent in other prisons. 142 00:08:37,840 --> 00:08:40,960 He's been on Halden's A-block for three months. 143 00:08:41,039 --> 00:08:42,480 [Rowe] I can't help noticing, Robin, 144 00:08:42,558 --> 00:08:44,840 that you've got quite a lot of scars on your arms. 145 00:08:45,720 --> 00:08:50,080 It also suggests to me that you've had a troubled time. 146 00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:51,680 What's the story? 147 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:57,840 It's evidence of hard... 148 00:08:57,920 --> 00:09:00,240 hard nights and hard days. 149 00:09:00,800 --> 00:09:06,560 I've gone through a pretty harsh process... 150 00:09:06,640 --> 00:09:07,480 alone. 151 00:09:07,560 --> 00:09:13,240 Broken myself down to zero and then built myself back up, bit by bit, 152 00:09:13,320 --> 00:09:18,080 to be fit to live the life I want to live outside the bars 153 00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:20,040 without drugs and crime. 154 00:09:20,120 --> 00:09:23,240 And in that process, 155 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:27,320 I've had to face my own demons. 156 00:09:28,560 --> 00:09:31,960 [Rowe] Most inmates spend only a limited time on A-block 157 00:09:32,040 --> 00:09:37,000 before moving to the main prison, where they can participate in rehabilitation. 158 00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:41,560 So, why are you still here? Are you still under assessment? 159 00:09:41,640 --> 00:09:43,880 Or do you not want to go over there? 160 00:09:43,960 --> 00:09:47,920 No, I haven't wished to apply for a transfer over there. 161 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,520 I have served three years now. 162 00:09:50,600 --> 00:09:55,960 So, for me, it's really like... the same. 163 00:09:56,040 --> 00:09:58,640 It doesn't matter what ward you are serving in a way. 164 00:09:58,720 --> 00:09:59,920 Prison is prison. 165 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:04,240 [Rowe] I think it was quite telling that he said 166 00:10:04,320 --> 00:10:07,240 that he's been in this A-wing assessment unit, 167 00:10:07,320 --> 00:10:12,280 and he didn't feel the need to move from here to other parts of the prison. 168 00:10:13,600 --> 00:10:16,320 And no matter how much you offer, as a prison, 169 00:10:16,400 --> 00:10:22,400 unless they themselves make that decision that they want to change their behavior, 170 00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:25,000 you can't get inside and reach them. 171 00:10:28,360 --> 00:10:31,320 Robin's refusal to engage with the system 172 00:10:31,400 --> 00:10:34,760 is typical of many inmates I've met around the world. 173 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:38,360 It shows the scale of the challenge Halden faces, 174 00:10:38,440 --> 00:10:41,800 when trying to transform a prisoner's mind-set. 175 00:10:51,120 --> 00:10:53,080 It's my second day in Halden. 176 00:10:54,120 --> 00:10:56,120 After a period of assessment, 177 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:58,920 inmates who choose to engage with the system 178 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:01,920 are transferred into the main prison population. 179 00:11:02,400 --> 00:11:06,360 I'm escorted to C-block by prison guard Amund. 180 00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:08,160 [Rowe] And what is the C-unit? 181 00:11:09,080 --> 00:11:14,640 It's a unit for people who want to work. 182 00:11:15,200 --> 00:11:19,600 And so what types of prisoners do you have in C-block? 183 00:11:19,680 --> 00:11:23,400 [Amund] We got everything in C-unit, also in the B-units. 184 00:11:23,480 --> 00:11:28,480 We don't put only murderers, only violent people. 185 00:11:28,960 --> 00:11:30,600 We kind of mix people, 186 00:11:31,520 --> 00:11:35,480 because it's not important what they've done. 187 00:11:36,280 --> 00:11:38,840 Most important is the human behind the action. 188 00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:47,520 [Rowe] Normally, I'd be wary of walking into a new maximum security block. 189 00:11:47,600 --> 00:11:49,840 But I imagine it'll be different here. 190 00:11:49,920 --> 00:11:54,360 So, would you describe the men in here as dangerous and violent? 191 00:11:54,440 --> 00:11:56,760 No, they don't show us that side. 192 00:11:56,840 --> 00:11:59,680 -Despite committing murder and other-- -Yeah. 193 00:12:00,280 --> 00:12:02,600 It's like when they come to prison, 194 00:12:02,680 --> 00:12:08,160 they are acting kind of different outside, in their own environment, 195 00:12:08,240 --> 00:12:10,440 maybe affected with drugs and stuff also. 196 00:12:10,920 --> 00:12:14,480 But in here, you see another type of guy. 197 00:12:14,560 --> 00:12:16,080 -Let's see 'em. -Yeah. 198 00:12:18,560 --> 00:12:19,600 Hello. 199 00:12:22,800 --> 00:12:24,000 [Rowe] As I suspected, 200 00:12:24,080 --> 00:12:27,560 this is not like any prison block I've ever been on. 201 00:12:28,760 --> 00:12:30,520 [Rowe] This is very different, isn't it? 202 00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:34,200 -You are not a prisoner? -Yeah. 203 00:12:34,280 --> 00:12:36,800 -Hello. Nice. I'm Raphael. -Yeah. 204 00:12:36,880 --> 00:12:38,840 Is that the right thing to do for a prisoner 205 00:12:38,920 --> 00:12:41,880 who's here on the first day, to greet a prison officer? 206 00:12:41,960 --> 00:12:44,320 -Oh, yeah. -[Rowe] That's normal, is it? 207 00:12:44,800 --> 00:12:45,800 This doesn't feel normal, 208 00:12:45,880 --> 00:12:49,560 a prison officer sitting down on the sofa, having a chat with prisoners. 209 00:12:50,040 --> 00:12:51,640 It's like that here. 210 00:12:52,720 --> 00:12:53,880 Okay. 211 00:12:54,480 --> 00:12:57,240 [Rowe] Among the inmates, I'm introduced to Richard, 212 00:12:57,320 --> 00:12:59,880 who's recently been extradited back to Norway 213 00:12:59,960 --> 00:13:02,960 from a Swedish maximum security lockup. 214 00:13:03,040 --> 00:13:05,680 For me, this is a prison like no other prison I've ever been in. 215 00:13:05,760 --> 00:13:07,360 And I've been in quite a few prisons. 216 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:08,800 [laughs] 217 00:13:08,920 --> 00:13:10,200 Um... 218 00:13:10,280 --> 00:13:13,360 It is very different from Sweden. 219 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:19,720 Like you said yourself, when you come, you are greeting a prison officer. 220 00:13:19,800 --> 00:13:21,920 That was not common there, you know? 221 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:25,200 You can get beat up for things like that, you know? 222 00:13:25,280 --> 00:13:27,640 But here, it's okay, you know? 223 00:13:27,720 --> 00:13:30,000 So, I was very shocked when I come here. 224 00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:34,160 The first... The first thing they did was greeting me. 225 00:13:34,240 --> 00:13:35,680 I thought exactly the same thing. 226 00:13:35,760 --> 00:13:38,960 I came in handcuffs, came out of the prison van. 227 00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:41,600 And I'm taken in, and the officer shook my hand 228 00:13:41,680 --> 00:13:43,200 before he took the cuffs off. 229 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:46,040 -It kind of unbalances you, doesn't it? -Yeah. 230 00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:47,560 It makes you feel like, "Hold on. 231 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:51,120 This is supposed to be a confrontation. This is not supposed to be... 232 00:13:51,600 --> 00:13:53,640 It's not supposed to be like that." 233 00:13:55,040 --> 00:13:57,680 [Rowe] Prisoners at Halden are positively encouraged 234 00:13:57,760 --> 00:13:59,840 to fraternize with guards. 235 00:13:59,960 --> 00:14:02,320 So, I take the chance to ask Maria 236 00:14:02,400 --> 00:14:05,920 about the philosophy behind the friendly faces. 237 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:10,360 What I've noticed is you and other staff 238 00:14:10,440 --> 00:14:15,640 have quite friendly relationships with the prisoners. 239 00:14:15,720 --> 00:14:18,720 Yeah, I think so, too. And it's important. 240 00:14:18,800 --> 00:14:20,160 Why is it important? 241 00:14:20,760 --> 00:14:24,080 I think that we need to be good examples 242 00:14:24,640 --> 00:14:28,320 in terms of how they're supposed to treat others. 243 00:14:28,880 --> 00:14:33,400 It reflects how they should behave on the outside. 244 00:14:33,480 --> 00:14:37,480 We want the prison system to be as normal as possible. 245 00:14:37,560 --> 00:14:40,520 So, it should be like that. 246 00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:46,120 You don't think we should lock 'em up for many hours of the day? 247 00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:49,800 -No. No. -More punishment, not rehabilitation? 248 00:14:49,880 --> 00:14:53,160 I think that only creates bad neighbors. 249 00:14:54,200 --> 00:14:57,160 [Rowe] It's called the normality principle. 250 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:02,040 The idea is, if you treat people like animals, you get animals. 251 00:15:02,520 --> 00:15:05,040 And if you treat even the most hardened criminals 252 00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:07,400 with dignity and respect, 253 00:15:07,480 --> 00:15:11,120 you might just get a decent, law-abiding human being. 254 00:15:11,760 --> 00:15:13,560 This feels too normal for me. 255 00:15:13,640 --> 00:15:16,640 Here we are, in prison, a maximum security prison, 256 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:18,240 having a cup of coffee in the morning, 257 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:21,080 as if we're in your flat somewhere in Norway. 258 00:15:21,640 --> 00:15:24,600 You know, there is nothing here that reminds me of prison, 259 00:15:24,680 --> 00:15:28,920 which I find bizarre, but, at the same time, reassuring. 260 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:31,360 Um... Do you have family outside? 261 00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:34,240 Yeah, I have a family back in Sweden, 262 00:15:34,320 --> 00:15:38,480 -with my wife and three kids. -Oh, gosh. 263 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:40,320 What is your sentence, then? 264 00:15:40,400 --> 00:15:42,560 -So, you got how many years? -Seventeen years. 265 00:15:42,640 --> 00:15:44,320 -So, you got 17 years? -Yeah. 266 00:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,160 -What was that for? -Murder. 267 00:15:49,760 --> 00:15:50,840 [Rowe] What... 268 00:15:50,920 --> 00:15:54,800 When I say what kind of murder, I mean what was your... 269 00:15:54,880 --> 00:15:56,720 offense? Did you kill another man? 270 00:15:56,800 --> 00:15:59,400 Yeah, it was another man. 271 00:15:59,880 --> 00:16:02,040 I don't wanna talk so much about it. 272 00:16:02,120 --> 00:16:03,600 It was heavy enough. 273 00:16:04,080 --> 00:16:06,200 I'm a convicted murderer, but... 274 00:16:07,520 --> 00:16:10,120 I don't look at myself like a killer, you know? 275 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:15,520 Because what's happened there happened for a reason. 276 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:18,720 It's difficult to describe it with words, you know, but... 277 00:16:20,360 --> 00:16:26,360 One action doesn't have to define you as a human being, you know? 278 00:16:27,480 --> 00:16:29,160 -If you know what I meant... -I do. 279 00:16:31,400 --> 00:16:38,160 [Rowe] Richard is so unusual. I did not expect him to be a killer. 280 00:16:39,560 --> 00:16:41,720 Interestingly, he didn't mention once 281 00:16:41,800 --> 00:16:47,080 what the victim's family of the crime he committed, 282 00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:49,000 what they're going through, whether he's remorseful. 283 00:16:49,080 --> 00:16:53,320 So, I'll be interested to find out just a bit more about where his head's at. 284 00:16:57,560 --> 00:17:00,360 [Rowe] Richard has only recently arrived here, 285 00:17:00,440 --> 00:17:04,280 and, like me, he's still adapting to the new regime. 286 00:17:04,800 --> 00:17:08,200 Here at Halden, inmates are expected to cook, 287 00:17:08,280 --> 00:17:11,319 clean, study, and go to work, 288 00:17:11,400 --> 00:17:14,358 just like they'll have to in the outside world. 289 00:17:15,358 --> 00:17:21,040 My first job is to help Theo, C-block's "ganggutt" or "hallway boy," 290 00:17:21,118 --> 00:17:24,319 who's responsible for the upkeep of the living unit. 291 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:26,440 [Theo] We don't do it with water. We do it with soap, 292 00:17:26,520 --> 00:17:29,240 but I can show you later. First, I close all the doors. 293 00:17:29,320 --> 00:17:33,360 [Rowe] So, all the prisoners have now gone to work, have they? 294 00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:37,200 If you don't work, they lock you in your cell, I think, like this one. 295 00:17:37,280 --> 00:17:38,600 You can see on the... 296 00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:42,520 This one is open, so he's at work, and he's closed. 297 00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:44,040 -Right. -You can see... 298 00:17:44,120 --> 00:17:46,640 -So, handle's up, they're behind the door. -They're not working, yeah. 299 00:17:47,120 --> 00:17:49,160 -That's the ganggutt. -That's the ganggutt. 300 00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:52,000 -[Theo] First, you do the dust. -[Rowe] Okay. 301 00:17:52,560 --> 00:17:54,480 -Okay, I'll do the dust. -Yeah. 302 00:17:54,560 --> 00:17:58,240 [Rowe] Okay. So, when you've done the dust, you mop. 303 00:17:58,320 --> 00:18:00,480 God, there's not much dust on this floor, is there? 304 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:02,600 No, I keep it tight. [chuckles] 305 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:06,240 [Rowe] Yeah. Yes, you do. How's my technique? 306 00:18:06,320 --> 00:18:08,000 -[Theo] Very good. -[Rowe] Very good technique, yeah. 307 00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:09,720 [Theo] Yeah, you can come back if you want. 308 00:18:10,560 --> 00:18:11,400 Yeah? 309 00:18:11,480 --> 00:18:12,920 [Rowe] Originally from Holland, 310 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:17,280 Theo is part of the 40% of foreign criminals in Halden. 311 00:18:18,680 --> 00:18:22,640 So, how long have you been in this Norwegian prison, Halden? 312 00:18:23,360 --> 00:18:25,840 -Two years and a month. -And how long are you doing? 313 00:18:25,920 --> 00:18:28,160 -Six years. Yeah. -Six years? 314 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:30,280 -What was that for? -Hashish. 315 00:18:30,360 --> 00:18:32,360 -Hashish? -Yeah, smuggling hashish. 316 00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:33,840 -Ah. -Two hundred kilo. 317 00:18:34,400 --> 00:18:35,560 -Two hundred kilo? -Yeah. 318 00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:38,160 What was that value worth? I've no idea. 319 00:18:38,240 --> 00:18:41,080 Yeah, well, they say it's like for €1 million something, 320 00:18:41,160 --> 00:18:44,280 but I think then you sell it on the street, like little bags. 321 00:18:44,360 --> 00:18:47,160 -You get a high price-- -Million Euro... First offense? 322 00:18:48,040 --> 00:18:50,960 -For drugs, yes. -Right, so you're a career criminal? 323 00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:52,840 No, I was a football hooligan. 324 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:54,800 -Were you? -Yeah. 325 00:18:54,880 --> 00:18:56,040 -No way. -Yeah. 326 00:18:56,120 --> 00:19:00,720 -Wow, I would never have thought that. -No, that's true, but... 327 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:03,120 -But, then, prison is full of surprises. -Yes. 328 00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:04,720 Does it feel like you're in prison? 329 00:19:04,800 --> 00:19:06,280 I understand your question, 330 00:19:06,360 --> 00:19:09,040 because no bars, and it's not like a prison-prison. 331 00:19:09,120 --> 00:19:10,400 But still, you're inside. 332 00:19:10,920 --> 00:19:12,920 Yeah, and so you cannot go anywhere. 333 00:19:13,360 --> 00:19:14,600 And you miss your family. 334 00:19:15,360 --> 00:19:18,040 And so that's... It's still a prison. 335 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,120 So, it doesn't matter that you're in an environment that is 336 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:25,440 treating prisoners with humanity, dignity, respect... 337 00:19:25,520 --> 00:19:28,040 Their focus is on rehabilitating people. 338 00:19:28,120 --> 00:19:29,200 It could be a palace, 339 00:19:29,280 --> 00:19:32,640 but if you cannot get out, it's still punishment. 340 00:19:35,400 --> 00:19:37,520 [Rowe] Despite the illusion of normality, 341 00:19:37,600 --> 00:19:40,120 the authorities take no chances 342 00:19:40,200 --> 00:19:43,400 with what are still potentially dangerous inmates. 343 00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:48,360 With 350 staff to 250 prisoners, 344 00:19:48,440 --> 00:19:51,040 they're under constant surveillance. 345 00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:53,880 Having helped Theo with the cleaning, 346 00:19:53,960 --> 00:19:56,960 I'm escorted to the kitchens by guard Maria, 347 00:19:57,040 --> 00:20:01,560 where I've been allocated a job helping to cook food for the inmates, 348 00:20:01,640 --> 00:20:05,040 alongside another foreign prisoner, called Emari. 349 00:20:06,200 --> 00:20:08,120 [Rowe] So, what's your job in this kitchen? 350 00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:12,880 Well, right now, I'm a cook student. 351 00:20:12,960 --> 00:20:15,600 -I'm in my last year and a half... -Right. 352 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:20,000 -...of taking my culinary degree. -Okay. 353 00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:23,320 So, now we're making a fish casserole. 354 00:20:23,880 --> 00:20:25,520 [Rowe] Yeah, it does smell very fishy in here. 355 00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:26,440 [Emari] Yeah. 356 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:29,560 [Rowe] Okay, I can do that. 357 00:20:29,640 --> 00:20:31,680 So, you've just gotta fill this bucket up, have you? 358 00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:33,000 [Emari] Both of these buckets. 359 00:20:33,600 --> 00:20:36,680 -How long have you been here, Emari? -I have two years left. 360 00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:40,280 -Right, two years. -I've already done five years. 361 00:20:40,360 --> 00:20:42,400 -You've already done five years? -Yeah, I've done five. 362 00:20:42,960 --> 00:20:45,120 And forgive my investigative skills, 363 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:47,600 but I do detect you have an American accent. 364 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:49,760 -Yes, I do. -What are you doing in Norway? 365 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:51,520 It's a long story, 366 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:56,720 but I moved to Norway to play professional basketball. 367 00:20:57,400 --> 00:20:58,360 What went wrong? 368 00:20:58,440 --> 00:21:01,120 -This is a very sensitive subject for me. -Okay. 369 00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:02,320 -Actually... -Okay. 370 00:21:03,600 --> 00:21:07,760 But do you mind me asking what you got your sentence for? 371 00:21:10,120 --> 00:21:15,960 Actually... yeah, I'm a little uncomfortable, at the moment, 372 00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:18,520 talking about that, but... 373 00:21:22,760 --> 00:21:25,360 I don't want you to tell me the detail, just the offense. 374 00:21:25,440 --> 00:21:28,360 Is it for murder, robbery, rape, theft? 375 00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:29,360 It was rape. 376 00:21:29,440 --> 00:21:32,480 -It was rape. -I was... Yeah, I was convicted for that. 377 00:21:35,080 --> 00:21:38,840 And what's it been like for you in prison in Norway? 378 00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:42,160 Prison has definitely changed me and the way that I look at things, 379 00:21:42,240 --> 00:21:45,080 -the way that I look at life. -In what way? What do you mean? 380 00:21:45,160 --> 00:21:48,160 I definitely appreciate more the little things. 381 00:21:48,640 --> 00:21:49,560 Like? 382 00:21:49,640 --> 00:21:55,280 Like just being able to go outside and take a walk on my own. 383 00:21:56,200 --> 00:22:01,960 Just being able to get up and walk out my door. 384 00:22:02,040 --> 00:22:07,160 And they say that Norway has good prisons here, 385 00:22:07,240 --> 00:22:08,880 but, at the end of the day... 386 00:22:09,880 --> 00:22:12,360 your freedom taken away is your freedom taken away, 387 00:22:12,440 --> 00:22:16,480 no matter how good a place is. Your freedom is gone. 388 00:22:18,120 --> 00:22:21,440 [Rowe] The kitchens provide inmates with just one meal a day. 389 00:22:21,520 --> 00:22:26,160 If they want anything else to eat, they're expected to cook for themselves. 390 00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:28,840 They use money from their prison jobs 391 00:22:28,920 --> 00:22:32,920 to buy food from Halden's very own supermarket. 392 00:22:33,720 --> 00:22:35,680 -[Rowe] Bloody hell. -It's a real shop. 393 00:22:35,760 --> 00:22:38,120 [Rowe] It is a real shop, isn't it? This is crazy. 394 00:22:38,760 --> 00:22:42,640 [Rowe] I'm being shown around by fellow South Londoner Ashley, 395 00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:47,520 who's on remand for a $280,000 warehouse heist. 396 00:22:48,160 --> 00:22:50,360 We come here once a week. Everyone comes down here. 397 00:22:50,440 --> 00:22:53,440 That's it. Pick up your basket, have a mooch around, 398 00:22:53,520 --> 00:22:56,240 and pick up what you want, basically. 399 00:22:56,320 --> 00:22:58,440 They're selling anything. You get biscuits, shampoo, 400 00:22:58,520 --> 00:23:00,160 deodorant, toothpaste... 401 00:23:00,240 --> 00:23:05,080 -Everything but alcohol, I suppose. -Yeah, unfortunately, no Stella, mate. 402 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:07,760 Do you have money to buy this stuff, like proper cash? 403 00:23:07,840 --> 00:23:10,440 [Ashley] No, no. We all... Everyone has a card. 404 00:23:10,520 --> 00:23:11,720 -So, it's just a small card... -Right. 405 00:23:11,800 --> 00:23:15,800 ...has your bar code on it. The money's on your card, so it's not... 406 00:23:15,880 --> 00:23:20,600 You don't handle money. Everything's just done electronically through the card. 407 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:24,600 Scan your card at the end, when you do your shopping, and that's it. 408 00:23:24,680 --> 00:23:26,640 What's to stop you coming in here... 409 00:23:27,240 --> 00:23:32,240 If you're a prolific shoplifter, what's to stop you coming in here 410 00:23:32,320 --> 00:23:33,680 and doing what you do best, 411 00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:36,120 which is lift something, put it in your pocket, and sneak out? 412 00:23:36,200 --> 00:23:38,840 Don't ask me. I think that's probably why they don't have 'em in England, 413 00:23:38,920 --> 00:23:40,080 'cause they'd get robbed blind. 414 00:23:40,160 --> 00:23:42,560 Generally, everyone in there would be robbing it. 415 00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:45,040 Every time they go in there, someone would be robbing something. 416 00:23:45,120 --> 00:23:46,760 -They would, wouldn't they? -But here, you don't. 417 00:23:47,240 --> 00:23:49,400 Listen, personally, I don't know anyone 418 00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:52,120 that's even said anything about stealing something from here. 419 00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:54,680 Or, you know, "I nicked a chocolate bar," or... 420 00:23:54,760 --> 00:23:58,480 There's none of that, so it seems pretty honest 421 00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:00,440 compared to most prisons. [chuckles] 422 00:24:02,800 --> 00:24:06,600 [Rowe] The shop is another example of the normality principle, 423 00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:08,000 the prison's philosophy 424 00:24:08,080 --> 00:24:12,280 that gets inmates used to taking responsibility for themselves. 425 00:24:13,280 --> 00:24:17,760 Back on C-block, I want to catch up with convicted killer Richard, 426 00:24:17,840 --> 00:24:21,000 who is gradually getting used to Halden's methods. 427 00:24:21,480 --> 00:24:23,080 -Is this your cell? -This is my room. 428 00:24:23,560 --> 00:24:25,520 -This is your cell? -This is my cell. 429 00:24:25,600 --> 00:24:29,200 -You call it a room, though? -Yeah. It's my room, my apartment. 430 00:24:29,280 --> 00:24:30,360 I'm just kidding. 431 00:24:30,960 --> 00:24:33,640 I'm actually studying to be an electrician, you know? 432 00:24:33,760 --> 00:24:35,000 Okay, you're studying to be an electrician? 433 00:24:35,080 --> 00:24:36,200 -Yeah. -You're training here? 434 00:24:36,280 --> 00:24:37,800 Yeah, in school, you know? 435 00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:41,480 -You do that every day, do you? -Yeah, every day I'm at school. 436 00:24:41,560 --> 00:24:43,440 Yeah, this look like that, you know? 437 00:24:43,520 --> 00:24:45,880 How often do you get out of your cell? 438 00:24:45,960 --> 00:24:48,360 -I mean, once I'm locked down. -[Richard] Yeah. 439 00:24:48,440 --> 00:24:50,000 [Rowe] How often will I get out of my cell here? 440 00:24:50,080 --> 00:24:52,240 You can see here what I'm talking about. 441 00:24:52,320 --> 00:24:55,640 If you don't work, you come out to eat breakfast. 442 00:24:56,120 --> 00:25:00,600 Here, eight o'clock, you get locked down. Then you come out again at three o'clock. 443 00:25:00,680 --> 00:25:02,520 You get to eat, and then you get locked in, 444 00:25:02,600 --> 00:25:04,680 I'll say 3:45. 445 00:25:05,240 --> 00:25:06,920 [Rowe] So, the incentive is to work, 446 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:10,680 or get out and do a course or something that you can benefit from. 447 00:25:10,760 --> 00:25:14,240 Or else you just sit in your cell, where often, that is very bad. 448 00:25:14,320 --> 00:25:15,600 -[Rowe] Yeah, it's bad for your mind. -Yeah. 449 00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:17,120 -[Rowe] It's bad for you physically. -Yeah. 450 00:25:17,200 --> 00:25:18,360 Bad for everything, you know? 451 00:25:19,840 --> 00:25:23,560 [Rowe] Halden recognizes the importance of structure and routine 452 00:25:24,120 --> 00:25:27,040 if they are to transform the criminal mind-set. 453 00:25:27,640 --> 00:25:30,880 It may seem simple, but for inmates like Richard, 454 00:25:30,960 --> 00:25:34,480 who have lived chaotic lives outside the prison walls, 455 00:25:34,560 --> 00:25:36,600 this is a serious challenge. 456 00:25:37,480 --> 00:25:42,560 It's either conform or spend the bulk of the day locked up and alone. 457 00:25:48,640 --> 00:25:52,120 7:00 a.m., and just like in the outside world, 458 00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:55,080 prisoners from B- and C-blocks head off to work. 459 00:25:55,720 --> 00:25:59,320 But it's not just about teaching structure and routine. 460 00:25:59,400 --> 00:26:03,000 -[Maria] You can go through. -Today, I'm going to the prison workshops, 461 00:26:03,080 --> 00:26:08,120 where inmates learn practical skills to make them employable when they leave. 462 00:26:09,120 --> 00:26:11,520 A real garage. Amazing. 463 00:26:13,040 --> 00:26:17,280 [Rowe] With high-tech tools and equipment for the inmates to work with, 464 00:26:17,360 --> 00:26:20,560 it looks like no expense has been spared. 465 00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:25,080 This is crazy. I'm really impressed by what I'm seeing here. 466 00:26:25,160 --> 00:26:28,240 These guys are underneath the cars, doing something. I don't know. 467 00:26:28,320 --> 00:26:30,240 It looks like this guy's changing the exhaust. 468 00:26:30,760 --> 00:26:36,520 This prison is very clever in creating a normal environment, 469 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:39,800 a working environment, just like you get outside. 470 00:26:40,360 --> 00:26:42,720 And that is blowing my mind away. 471 00:26:44,520 --> 00:26:48,600 [Rowe] When I was in prison, job training was extremely limited. 472 00:26:48,680 --> 00:26:51,400 At Halden, it's not just mechanics. 473 00:26:51,480 --> 00:26:55,800 Inmates are taught carpentry, printing and engineering. 474 00:26:57,520 --> 00:26:59,920 I'm here to meet an inmate called Christian, 475 00:27:00,000 --> 00:27:02,240 who, I'm told, is a repeat offender. 476 00:27:03,080 --> 00:27:04,160 [Rowe] Nice to meet you. 477 00:27:04,240 --> 00:27:07,000 Your hands are warm. You must be working on something hot. 478 00:27:07,080 --> 00:27:09,080 -Welding. Hold this. No. -No. 479 00:27:10,120 --> 00:27:11,040 I was just saying, 480 00:27:11,120 --> 00:27:14,320 -it's a well-equipped workhouse, isn't it? -It is. 481 00:27:15,560 --> 00:27:18,800 You were a mechanic or a trainee mechanic outside? 482 00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:23,600 While doing drugs, actually. So, that's my problem: the drug problem. 483 00:27:24,160 --> 00:27:26,400 And how long have you been using drugs? 484 00:27:26,480 --> 00:27:28,440 Since 1997. 485 00:27:28,920 --> 00:27:31,160 -So, 20 years. -20 years. 486 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:33,400 In and out of prison, in and out of prison. 487 00:27:33,960 --> 00:27:37,040 So, when I'm inside, I'm clean. When I'm outside, I'm doing drugs, 488 00:27:37,120 --> 00:27:39,120 stealing everything I see, so... 489 00:27:39,200 --> 00:27:42,200 -Stealing to... -To support the drug habit, yeah. 490 00:27:43,160 --> 00:27:45,040 How many years would you say you've done altogether? 491 00:27:45,120 --> 00:27:46,800 -Eight years. -Eight years? 492 00:27:46,880 --> 00:27:48,240 [sighs] Tough, isn't it? 493 00:27:48,320 --> 00:27:53,320 [chuckles] Well, when we talk about it like this, it's actually kind of insane. 494 00:27:53,400 --> 00:27:55,040 I'm not getting any younger. 495 00:27:55,120 --> 00:27:57,200 This is my 13th sentence 496 00:27:57,280 --> 00:28:00,400 and this is the 12th prison I'm in here, in Norway. 497 00:28:00,960 --> 00:28:05,240 [Rowe] But at Halden, Christian feels he's finally turning his life around. 498 00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:09,160 Why this prison? What is it about this prison, then? 499 00:28:09,240 --> 00:28:12,920 This is for me, by far, 500 00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:16,600 the best prison I've served my sentence in any place. 501 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:18,800 Here, you're presented with some opportunities 502 00:28:18,880 --> 00:28:20,360 that you don't have in other prisons. 503 00:28:20,440 --> 00:28:23,120 And they're very focused on education 504 00:28:23,200 --> 00:28:28,760 and trying to make a meaningful prison stay, 505 00:28:28,840 --> 00:28:31,360 -if that makes any sense at all. -Yeah, I know. 506 00:28:31,840 --> 00:28:36,200 So, it's been hard work, but now I'm being released in six days, so... 507 00:28:36,280 --> 00:28:38,120 -You're being released in six days? -Yes, in six days. 508 00:28:38,200 --> 00:28:39,920 So, you've done your time. 509 00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:42,000 I had been to prison for so many times and so many years. 510 00:28:42,560 --> 00:28:45,160 So, I decided, "Okay, this time, I'm gonna try." 511 00:28:47,160 --> 00:28:49,000 Christian is a typical criminal 512 00:28:49,080 --> 00:28:52,520 who returns back and forth, back and forth, to prison. 513 00:28:53,240 --> 00:28:58,920 He says this time, he's in a place that is helping him change. 514 00:29:00,080 --> 00:29:01,680 A prison doesn't have to be tough 515 00:29:01,760 --> 00:29:05,480 because of its poor conditions, or because of staff brutality 516 00:29:05,560 --> 00:29:08,160 or inmate-on-inmate brutality. 517 00:29:08,240 --> 00:29:12,040 One of the biggest challenges is changing the mind-set of a criminal. 518 00:29:14,120 --> 00:29:17,680 [Rowe] Whether or not Christian succeeds in staying out of prison, 519 00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:20,800 it's taken years of therapy and job training 520 00:29:20,880 --> 00:29:25,200 to get him to this point of taking responsibility for his actions. 521 00:29:28,360 --> 00:29:30,640 Back in C-unit, I'm meeting up with Richard, 522 00:29:30,720 --> 00:29:33,560 who's only been in Halden for a few months, 523 00:29:33,640 --> 00:29:35,720 to see where he is at in that process. 524 00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:40,440 Richard's crime made news headlines across Scandinavia, 525 00:29:40,520 --> 00:29:44,640 after he killed a rival drug dealer muscling in on his turf. 526 00:29:45,760 --> 00:29:47,200 I'm not a cold-blooded murderer 527 00:29:47,280 --> 00:29:49,960 that you just go out and shoot people, you know? 528 00:29:50,040 --> 00:29:51,840 It was an accident that happened. 529 00:29:52,400 --> 00:29:55,160 -Did you shoot the person you killed? -Yeah, I shoot the person. 530 00:29:56,400 --> 00:29:58,040 Did the gun go off by accident? 531 00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:00,560 Or did you pull, point and pull the trigger? 532 00:30:00,640 --> 00:30:05,360 It was... I was... I had no intentions to kill this person, you know? 533 00:30:05,840 --> 00:30:10,360 But this confrontation that became, you know... 534 00:30:10,440 --> 00:30:12,200 got out of hand, you know? 535 00:30:12,280 --> 00:30:16,720 So, that's why... That's why it happened, what's happened. 536 00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:20,520 And what did you do? Give yourself up straight away? Did that help you? 537 00:30:20,600 --> 00:30:23,880 No, no, actually... I did not. 538 00:30:23,960 --> 00:30:29,560 It took seven months before they come and get me, police. 539 00:30:29,640 --> 00:30:30,600 -Really? -Yeah. 540 00:30:30,680 --> 00:30:33,000 So, you was in hiding, on the run? Or they-- 541 00:30:33,080 --> 00:30:34,360 No, they... 542 00:30:36,240 --> 00:30:39,680 Actually, it was starting like a missing person case. 543 00:30:40,560 --> 00:30:42,560 Did they not... What did you do, not run off? 544 00:30:42,640 --> 00:30:46,120 Did they not discover the body, and then look for the culprit? 545 00:30:46,600 --> 00:30:49,200 Well, they... They did not discover the body. 546 00:30:49,880 --> 00:30:52,240 -What did you do with the body? -I buried it. 547 00:30:53,520 --> 00:30:56,880 That sounds pretty cold-blooded to me, Richard. I mean, that's-- 548 00:30:56,960 --> 00:30:59,120 It sounds like that, but you know... 549 00:31:00,480 --> 00:31:05,640 After what happened had happened, I had to deal with it in that situation, 550 00:31:05,720 --> 00:31:09,200 because there was a lot of stuff going on at the time, you know? 551 00:31:09,760 --> 00:31:15,040 Well, one thing led to another, and soon you become in... 552 00:31:15,600 --> 00:31:17,960 in that position that you cannot get out of. 553 00:31:20,360 --> 00:31:24,600 [Rowe] Richard's... He's a... He's a killer. 554 00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:29,440 He shot and killed another man... 555 00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:32,760 and buried the body... 556 00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:37,720 and almost got away with the perfect murder. 557 00:31:39,120 --> 00:31:42,520 [Rowe] Richard has a long way to go to change his mind-set. 558 00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:45,520 But he will be released back into society. 559 00:31:46,800 --> 00:31:50,120 Halden has till 2030 to transform him, 560 00:31:50,200 --> 00:31:53,880 so he doesn't return to a life of drugs and crime. 561 00:31:55,680 --> 00:32:00,080 Critics argue that cold-blooded killers, hardened criminals, and rapists 562 00:32:00,160 --> 00:32:03,000 don't deserve all this time and money spent on them. 563 00:32:07,080 --> 00:32:08,960 I mean, look at this place. 564 00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:11,360 I mean, this has got to be worth 565 00:32:11,440 --> 00:32:15,320 tens of thousands of pounds of recording equipment. 566 00:32:15,400 --> 00:32:16,800 [drums playing] 567 00:32:16,880 --> 00:32:20,400 [Rowe] It's a question I'm keen to put to Dutch drug smuggler Theo. 568 00:32:31,000 --> 00:32:32,600 -How you doing, man? -Hello, how are you? 569 00:32:32,680 --> 00:32:34,120 I'm very well. Are you good? 570 00:32:34,200 --> 00:32:36,600 So, you're in here, making all this noise with these drums? 571 00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:38,560 -That was me. -This is brilliant. 572 00:32:38,640 --> 00:32:40,680 It's like out... It's really a studio, yeah. 573 00:32:40,760 --> 00:32:44,160 How often do you get to come over here and use these drums? 574 00:32:44,720 --> 00:32:46,960 -Two times a week, we have school. -Two times a week? 575 00:32:47,040 --> 00:32:50,640 It is amazing, actually. I can see myself coming out of my cell, 576 00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:52,320 wanting to come in here and... 577 00:32:52,960 --> 00:32:54,360 -Enjoy yourself. -Yeah. 578 00:32:54,440 --> 00:32:56,280 -Do you enjoy yourself here? -If I'm here, yes. 579 00:32:56,360 --> 00:32:57,840 I can imagine people outside. 580 00:32:57,920 --> 00:33:01,320 "How dare they spend this money on prisoners, 581 00:33:01,400 --> 00:33:05,280 when the victim has lost everything because of what they stole 582 00:33:05,360 --> 00:33:08,040 or because of the damage they caused that person." 583 00:33:08,120 --> 00:33:09,600 Yeah, murder somebody, yeah. 584 00:33:09,680 --> 00:33:11,680 I'm just thinking, "Who's got the better deal here? 585 00:33:11,760 --> 00:33:15,680 The prisoner, who's gone to prison and can play drums in an expensive studio? 586 00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:20,040 Or the victim, who is traumatized by the crime committed against them, 587 00:33:20,120 --> 00:33:22,800 whatever that is?" It's great. Don't get me wrong-- 588 00:33:22,880 --> 00:33:26,560 But you don't want to lock them up and throw away the key. 589 00:33:26,640 --> 00:33:29,000 -No. -Because you get then more aggression 590 00:33:29,080 --> 00:33:30,040 when they come out. 591 00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:33,360 Instead, they have something to do, in prison, that they like. 592 00:33:33,840 --> 00:33:36,640 As long as there are prisons, I think there is this story of, 593 00:33:36,720 --> 00:33:39,600 "Okay, how can we punish them?" And, "It's like a hotel." 594 00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:42,880 But it's still the most crucial question being asked by anybody, isn't it? 595 00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:46,040 Yeah, I think that's always going to be like this, 596 00:33:46,120 --> 00:33:48,600 because still, like I told you two days ago... 597 00:33:49,440 --> 00:33:50,320 you cannot get out. 598 00:33:50,880 --> 00:33:52,400 You know, you're still locked in. 599 00:33:52,480 --> 00:33:55,160 And you can have a studio and everything, but still you're... 600 00:33:55,240 --> 00:33:57,680 Yeah, and you're still in jail. 601 00:34:02,080 --> 00:34:05,640 [Rowe] For victims and people who believe in retribution, 602 00:34:05,720 --> 00:34:08,520 Halden's methods can be hard to accept, 603 00:34:08,600 --> 00:34:12,159 but the results are there for everyone to see. 604 00:34:12,239 --> 00:34:17,080 Engaged and well-behaved prisoners, very few of whom will reoffend. 605 00:34:17,560 --> 00:34:19,320 But how does the prison manage it? 606 00:34:20,280 --> 00:34:23,000 How do they maintain the illusion of normality 607 00:34:23,080 --> 00:34:26,600 while controlling some of the country's most serious criminals? 608 00:34:27,679 --> 00:34:30,920 To find out, I want to spend more time with the guards. 609 00:34:32,080 --> 00:34:36,920 I'm joining Amund in C-block's control room, known as the aquarium. 610 00:34:37,639 --> 00:34:43,280 Is this the base for your fellow officers to monitor what goes on in the wing? 611 00:34:43,360 --> 00:34:47,120 Yeah, we got one here, just sitting and counting, 612 00:34:47,199 --> 00:34:50,199 and control of the numbers of inmates and where everybody are. 613 00:34:50,280 --> 00:34:54,880 The other officers are working out in the hallway, with the inmates. 614 00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:58,360 They're the ones who patrol the landings, meet and interact with... 615 00:34:58,440 --> 00:34:59,920 -I use the term patrol. You? -Yeah, but... 616 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:03,560 No, it's strange for me to patrol because we don't use that. 617 00:35:03,640 --> 00:35:05,040 We interact a lot. 618 00:35:05,120 --> 00:35:07,120 -Okay. -We don't, like, go around 619 00:35:07,200 --> 00:35:10,560 where they live, in the units, just watching. 620 00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:13,720 Not standing in a corner like this and watching. 621 00:35:13,800 --> 00:35:15,720 -Right. -We don't do that. 622 00:35:15,800 --> 00:35:20,000 We interact, and that's the most important thing to do, 623 00:35:20,080 --> 00:35:23,000 because then we can see if they are changing attitude, 624 00:35:23,080 --> 00:35:25,920 if something's wrong, if something's going to happen. 625 00:35:26,560 --> 00:35:29,120 We call it a kind of dynamic security. 626 00:35:30,440 --> 00:35:32,920 [Rowe] This close, personal interaction is combined 627 00:35:33,000 --> 00:35:37,080 with a network of cameras and a sophisticated monitoring system 628 00:35:37,160 --> 00:35:40,320 that tracks prisoners' movements throughout the prison. 629 00:35:41,520 --> 00:35:43,960 -Every inmate has their own card. -Right. 630 00:35:44,800 --> 00:35:49,280 And we have a kind of scanning system every time they go out or in. 631 00:35:50,200 --> 00:35:52,080 -So, they touch their card? -So, from the units-- 632 00:35:52,160 --> 00:35:54,960 -Is it like a bar code on it or something? -Yeah, like scanning. 633 00:35:55,040 --> 00:35:57,760 That's what those little bar code guns are for. 634 00:35:58,320 --> 00:36:00,600 [Amund] It is. And then it goes into the system, 635 00:36:00,680 --> 00:36:05,480 and they kind of switch color, whether they're inside or outside, 636 00:36:06,040 --> 00:36:07,880 or which building they are in. 637 00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:11,920 And this is also their time schedule during daytime, 638 00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:14,760 if they are going to work and which workplace they are going. 639 00:36:17,120 --> 00:36:19,400 [Rowe] The only place inmates are not watched 640 00:36:19,480 --> 00:36:21,600 is when they're locked in their cells. 641 00:36:22,840 --> 00:36:28,640 But not all prisoners want to conform, and that's when the talking stops. 642 00:36:37,600 --> 00:36:41,440 They look menacing, when you see them in this kind of RoboCop outfits? 643 00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:44,240 They look quite frightening, don't they? 644 00:36:44,320 --> 00:36:48,040 Yeah, it's supposed to look a little bit scary, of course. 645 00:36:48,120 --> 00:36:50,480 But, also, it's for their protection 646 00:36:51,080 --> 00:36:54,400 because we don't know what we go into. 647 00:36:54,480 --> 00:36:58,680 How often do these guys get deployed? How often do you have inmates 648 00:36:58,760 --> 00:37:02,120 that need to be taken out of the yard or from their cell? 649 00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:05,840 Sometimes, we have inmates that we have to do this a lot, 650 00:37:05,920 --> 00:37:10,720 because they won't stop being angry and trashing their cells. 651 00:37:10,800 --> 00:37:15,240 We try to work like this, so we don't have to go this far, 652 00:37:16,080 --> 00:37:21,200 by talking to the inmates a lot, being amongst them in the common areas. 653 00:37:22,160 --> 00:37:26,760 We don't like to dress up like this, but if we have to, we have to. 654 00:37:29,520 --> 00:37:33,360 [Rowe] The prison has a unique subterranean tunnel system 655 00:37:33,440 --> 00:37:37,320 that offers rapid access to any part of the complex. 656 00:37:37,960 --> 00:37:41,120 The guards here train for every eventuality. 657 00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:44,720 I've agreed to play the role of a disruptive prisoner, 658 00:37:44,800 --> 00:37:47,360 something I've got experience of. 659 00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:49,360 I'm a bit worried about going down memory lane. 660 00:37:49,440 --> 00:37:52,440 I've done this for real, and it's quite brutal. 661 00:37:52,520 --> 00:37:53,600 It can be quite brutal. 662 00:37:53,680 --> 00:37:57,160 And I suffered some really severe physical injuries 663 00:37:57,240 --> 00:37:59,440 as a result of being extracted from a cell 664 00:37:59,520 --> 00:38:02,560 not once, not twice, but quite a few times. 665 00:38:03,040 --> 00:38:06,120 So, I'm already feeling a bit nervous 666 00:38:06,200 --> 00:38:09,480 about what memories this is going to bring back 667 00:38:09,560 --> 00:38:11,720 and how emotional I'm feeling at the moment. 668 00:38:12,280 --> 00:38:14,080 But I understand why this is done. 669 00:38:16,320 --> 00:38:18,000 -[Maria] Hi, Raphael. -[Rowe] Don't talk to me. 670 00:38:18,080 --> 00:38:19,760 I don't want to know. Fuck off! 671 00:38:19,840 --> 00:38:22,360 [Maria] If you don't listen to me, we have to come in and get you. 672 00:38:22,440 --> 00:38:25,200 [Rowe] I don't care what you have to do. You do what you have to fucking do. 673 00:38:25,280 --> 00:38:26,800 -It'll be worse for you. -[Rowe] I don't care. 674 00:38:26,880 --> 00:38:28,560 -[Rowe] If you come in here... -Okay. 675 00:38:28,640 --> 00:38:30,440 -...I'm going to smash you up, too. -[Maria] Okay. 676 00:38:30,520 --> 00:38:31,360 [Rowe] So, piss off. 677 00:38:31,440 --> 00:38:32,520 [Maria speaking Norwegian] 678 00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:33,480 Check. 679 00:38:34,000 --> 00:38:36,080 Go away. I don't want you in here. Get out. 680 00:38:36,160 --> 00:38:40,160 No, no, no! Get off me, you bastards! Get off! 681 00:38:41,600 --> 00:38:42,800 [guard] Give him your hand. 682 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:47,400 [indistinct chatter] 683 00:38:49,240 --> 00:38:51,000 [guard] One, two, three. 684 00:38:51,840 --> 00:38:54,360 [Rowe] Cell extraction is a key weapon 685 00:38:54,440 --> 00:38:57,520 in the guards' ability to maintain control. 686 00:38:57,600 --> 00:38:58,760 [guard] ...two, three. 687 00:38:58,840 --> 00:38:59,880 [guard grunts] 688 00:39:01,840 --> 00:39:06,520 [Rowe] The prison's tunnel system means volatile prisoners can be extracted 689 00:39:06,600 --> 00:39:10,400 without disturbing the illusion of normality for the rest of the inmates. 690 00:39:10,960 --> 00:39:12,480 [Maria] We are going to take off your handcuffs. 691 00:39:12,560 --> 00:39:13,520 [Rowe] Okay. 692 00:39:13,600 --> 00:39:16,280 -[Maria] And you are going to be still. -[Rowe] Yeah. 693 00:39:16,360 --> 00:39:17,440 [handcuffs unclasping] 694 00:39:20,120 --> 00:39:21,160 [Maria speaking Norwegian] 695 00:39:21,240 --> 00:39:22,480 [guards rush out] 696 00:39:29,640 --> 00:39:30,480 [Rowe sighs] 697 00:39:32,120 --> 00:39:33,640 [exhales] 698 00:39:33,720 --> 00:39:35,040 That was rough. 699 00:39:37,840 --> 00:39:39,320 That was fucking rough. 700 00:39:40,280 --> 00:39:45,160 [Rowe] This tiny space is used to contain aggressive and unruly prisoners. 701 00:39:45,800 --> 00:39:47,960 They were in total control. 702 00:39:48,040 --> 00:39:50,400 And there were two things going through my mind: 703 00:39:50,880 --> 00:39:55,080 one, the only thing I could do was breathe, 704 00:39:55,800 --> 00:40:00,840 and, two, not to remember the real life experience that I've had 705 00:40:00,920 --> 00:40:05,160 of being extracted from a cell by prison officers. 706 00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:10,560 I really do understand, 707 00:40:11,040 --> 00:40:15,520 as a mature man and no longer a young volatile prisoner, 708 00:40:15,600 --> 00:40:17,240 why this is necessary. 709 00:40:17,840 --> 00:40:19,160 Um... 710 00:40:19,240 --> 00:40:21,200 But I wouldn't wish it on my worst enemy. 711 00:40:22,640 --> 00:40:25,200 [Rowe] If inmates continue to harm themselves, 712 00:40:25,280 --> 00:40:29,080 they can be totally restrained, as a last resort. 713 00:40:29,160 --> 00:40:33,160 But they've only done this once in the last eight years. 714 00:40:34,600 --> 00:40:37,680 Rather than allowing their emotions to boil over, 715 00:40:37,760 --> 00:40:41,840 prisoners here are encouraged to talk about how they are feeling. 716 00:40:42,400 --> 00:40:45,680 [in Norwegian] But the topic today continues from what we had last time. 717 00:40:45,760 --> 00:40:46,960 Not everyone was here. 718 00:40:47,040 --> 00:40:48,080 [in Norwegian] No, what did we have? 719 00:40:49,240 --> 00:40:50,600 [Linn] We had a lot of stuff. 720 00:40:51,480 --> 00:40:54,200 [Rowe] To address criminal behavior and drug addiction, 721 00:40:54,280 --> 00:40:57,360 inmates attend regular therapy sessions. 722 00:40:57,440 --> 00:40:58,880 [Linn] To begin with, 723 00:40:58,960 --> 00:41:01,000 on Wednesday, we talked about all the different things 724 00:41:01,080 --> 00:41:03,680 that can influence criminal actions and drug abuse. 725 00:41:04,280 --> 00:41:10,560 If it is nature, nurture, our childhood, mental disorders, diagnoses, addiction, 726 00:41:10,640 --> 00:41:13,240 and to look at drug abuse as a dependence syndrome. 727 00:41:13,320 --> 00:41:16,840 [Rowe] Conducting today's meeting is prison guard Linn. 728 00:41:17,480 --> 00:41:20,160 In Norway, officers spend two years 729 00:41:20,240 --> 00:41:23,160 studying conflict management, psychology, 730 00:41:23,240 --> 00:41:27,560 criminology, law, social work, and ethics. 731 00:41:28,320 --> 00:41:29,640 [Rowe] And what do you hope to achieve? 732 00:41:29,720 --> 00:41:32,760 What do they hope to achieve from these sessions? 733 00:41:32,840 --> 00:41:35,880 I want them to speak up and share. 734 00:41:36,440 --> 00:41:41,080 "Who am I? And who can I blame for these problems?" 735 00:41:41,760 --> 00:41:44,600 Some of them do actually say that. 736 00:41:45,080 --> 00:41:49,120 The first time, I can blame it on my father, maybe, 737 00:41:49,200 --> 00:41:51,200 or my environment. 738 00:41:52,360 --> 00:41:55,760 But the ten... Next time, it's myself. 739 00:41:55,840 --> 00:41:57,080 [Rowe] They start to accept responsibility. 740 00:41:57,160 --> 00:41:58,360 I can only blame myself. Yeah. 741 00:41:58,920 --> 00:42:03,320 So, I want them to see the difference between being a victim, 742 00:42:04,400 --> 00:42:07,320 from the system, or their family, or the environment or anything, 743 00:42:08,560 --> 00:42:10,560 and to be an actor in their own life. 744 00:42:11,120 --> 00:42:15,200 [Rowe] After the session, I catch up with persistent offender Christian, 745 00:42:15,280 --> 00:42:17,000 who's about to be released. 746 00:42:17,800 --> 00:42:20,200 [Rowe] You've got three days left. Then you're out, yourself. 747 00:42:20,280 --> 00:42:22,200 How will you cope on the outside? 748 00:42:22,960 --> 00:42:26,160 Before, when I'm being released, 749 00:42:26,720 --> 00:42:28,880 I liked to say that my crowbar and my syringes, 750 00:42:28,960 --> 00:42:32,360 they are just where I left it, so I just pick it up and start again, 751 00:42:32,440 --> 00:42:33,640 but this time is different. 752 00:42:34,120 --> 00:42:37,120 For the first time, I actually feel kind of scared. 753 00:42:37,880 --> 00:42:41,040 And this is a new feeling for me. I usually don't get scared, but... 754 00:42:41,760 --> 00:42:44,320 it's like, "What to do now? What to do now?" 755 00:42:44,880 --> 00:42:47,400 Well, let me say good luck for the future. Good luck. 756 00:42:47,480 --> 00:42:49,640 It was nice meeting you, Christian. Good luck. 757 00:42:50,920 --> 00:42:52,480 [Rowe] This prison is so alien 758 00:42:52,560 --> 00:42:55,640 to anything I have experienced in the past: 759 00:42:55,720 --> 00:43:00,040 the therapy, the close interpersonal relationships with the guards, 760 00:43:00,120 --> 00:43:04,480 the structured routines, the work, and the feeling of normality. 761 00:43:04,560 --> 00:43:08,160 Every aspect of the facility is carefully designed 762 00:43:08,240 --> 00:43:12,200 to change and reeducate even the toughest criminals. 763 00:43:12,840 --> 00:43:18,160 This humane philosophy is championed by the prison's governor, Are Høidal. 764 00:43:18,640 --> 00:43:23,040 What's the purpose of this maximum security prison? 765 00:43:23,600 --> 00:43:27,040 [in Norwegian] The point of prison is that when you commit a crime, 766 00:43:27,120 --> 00:43:30,320 you should be punished for it. 767 00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:36,280 It should feel that you have done something illegal. 768 00:43:36,760 --> 00:43:40,320 But the punishment should be... It should work. 769 00:43:40,400 --> 00:43:46,200 The idea of punishment in Norway is to learn from your punishment, 770 00:43:46,280 --> 00:43:50,560 but also to use the time you have in prison 771 00:43:51,280 --> 00:43:53,400 to help deal with life in a better way 772 00:43:53,480 --> 00:43:55,200 than you did before you ended up in prison. 773 00:43:55,760 --> 00:43:58,680 [Rowe] Hopefully, after two years inside, 774 00:43:58,760 --> 00:44:01,680 it's a lesson Christian has finally learned. 775 00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:05,640 If Halden's radical regime is successful for him, 776 00:44:05,720 --> 00:44:07,320 only time will tell. 777 00:44:07,400 --> 00:44:09,080 [guard in Norwegian] So, what does your dad say, then? 778 00:44:09,160 --> 00:44:11,120 [Christian] I think he's glad I'm coming home. 779 00:44:11,800 --> 00:44:15,080 We've had a different relationship since Mom died. 780 00:44:15,160 --> 00:44:19,320 But I haven't had a chance to speak to him much. 781 00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:24,760 Isn't the whole idea of imprisoning someone 782 00:44:24,840 --> 00:44:28,000 is that they know the pain of where they are, 783 00:44:28,080 --> 00:44:31,080 as a form of retribution for the crime they committed? 784 00:44:31,800 --> 00:44:33,600 Within this prison, 785 00:44:33,680 --> 00:44:36,720 there is supposed to be a miniature society, 786 00:44:37,680 --> 00:44:40,440 where inmates lead normal lives, 787 00:44:40,520 --> 00:44:43,600 as normal as possible, like the life out there. 788 00:44:43,680 --> 00:44:46,840 And that is very important, considering them reentering society. 789 00:44:47,880 --> 00:44:49,680 Well, I guess this is goodbye. 790 00:44:49,760 --> 00:44:51,040 All the best of luck. Don't cry now. 791 00:44:51,120 --> 00:44:53,240 [guard chuckles] No, I'll cry when I get inside. 792 00:44:53,320 --> 00:44:55,920 [Christian chuckles] Thanks for everything. 793 00:44:56,000 --> 00:44:57,760 Yeah, thanks for everything. 794 00:44:57,840 --> 00:44:58,800 [both laugh] 795 00:44:59,640 --> 00:45:01,680 -Good luck. -Bye, Charlotte. Bye. 796 00:45:04,720 --> 00:45:06,960 [in English] I'm a free man. I'm a free man. 797 00:45:08,960 --> 00:45:10,520 And there's my father down there. 798 00:45:12,040 --> 00:45:13,360 [Rowe] Does prison work? 799 00:45:13,960 --> 00:45:16,680 In Norway, we have got good results. 800 00:45:17,760 --> 00:45:22,920 Thirty years back, we had a recidivism rate of 70%. 801 00:45:23,000 --> 00:45:27,080 Now, recidivism in Norway is at around 20 to 30%, 802 00:45:27,560 --> 00:45:32,200 which means that the way we work now creates results. 803 00:45:33,600 --> 00:45:37,200 I have some tools now to help me carry on with my life, 804 00:45:37,280 --> 00:45:41,200 and, hopefully, everything will be okay. 805 00:45:43,600 --> 00:45:46,640 It's up to me now. It's nothing to do with hope, actually. 806 00:45:46,720 --> 00:45:48,680 It up to me now. That's it. 807 00:45:54,920 --> 00:45:59,000 My time in Halden Prison is up, and I can honestly say 808 00:45:59,080 --> 00:46:04,520 it is the cleanest and most humane, visionary prison I've ever seen. 809 00:46:04,600 --> 00:46:09,040 Their focus is 100% on rehabilitating prisoners 810 00:46:09,120 --> 00:46:13,160 to make them into the neighbors you and I would want to live next to. 811 00:46:14,240 --> 00:46:19,400 Halden isn't the world's toughest prison, but it does have the toughest job. 812 00:46:19,880 --> 00:46:25,200 Here, criminals aren't just wrongdoers who need to be locked up and punished, 813 00:46:25,280 --> 00:46:28,600 but broken people who can be fixed. 814 00:46:28,680 --> 00:46:30,680 [dramatic music playing]