1 00:00:01,252 --> 00:00:05,754 William shatner: Atlantis, a legendary utopia, 2 00:00:05,840 --> 00:00:07,840 and a model for urban efficiency. 3 00:00:07,883 --> 00:00:10,759 The city of the future. 4 00:00:10,845 --> 00:00:14,346 And then one day it was gone. 5 00:00:16,517 --> 00:00:18,934 According to the ancient greek philosopher plato, 6 00:00:19,020 --> 00:00:22,855 it was the glittering capital of an advanced civilization, 7 00:00:22,940 --> 00:00:26,650 and then, suddenly, it vanished from the face of the earth. 8 00:00:26,736 --> 00:00:29,570 Some believe it was destroyed by an earthquake, 9 00:00:29,655 --> 00:00:33,198 others are convinced that it sunk into the sea. 10 00:00:33,284 --> 00:00:35,451 And then there are those who believe 11 00:00:35,536 --> 00:00:39,788 it rose up off the ground and went... 12 00:00:39,874 --> 00:00:42,666 But was it only a myth? 13 00:00:42,752 --> 00:00:45,794 Or did the so-called lost continent of atlantis 14 00:00:45,880 --> 00:00:47,963 really exist? 15 00:00:48,049 --> 00:00:52,760 Well, that is what we'll try and find out. 16 00:00:52,845 --> 00:00:54,845 ♪ ♪ 17 00:01:11,155 --> 00:01:14,073 shatner: Within this modern city stands the ruins of a citadel 18 00:01:14,158 --> 00:01:17,076 that was once the center of ancient greece. 19 00:01:19,747 --> 00:01:21,538 The ancient greek civilization lasted 20 00:01:21,582 --> 00:01:23,290 for more than three centuries. 21 00:01:23,375 --> 00:01:26,877 The greeks developed a sophisticated culture, 22 00:01:26,962 --> 00:01:31,131 which had a profound impact on western politics, 23 00:01:31,217 --> 00:01:32,883 science and philosophy. 24 00:01:32,968 --> 00:01:36,887 One of the best known greek philosophers was plato, 25 00:01:36,972 --> 00:01:40,849 who wrote more than 20 important philosophical texts, 26 00:01:40,935 --> 00:01:43,268 known as "dialogues." 27 00:01:44,313 --> 00:01:47,189 ric rader: Plato was doing his major writing 28 00:01:47,274 --> 00:01:49,733 in the fourth century bce. 29 00:01:49,819 --> 00:01:52,820 And plato's works are very serious, 30 00:01:52,905 --> 00:01:54,863 very sober philosophical reflections 31 00:01:54,949 --> 00:01:57,074 on major, major questions. 32 00:01:57,159 --> 00:02:00,619 He is really the most important philosopher 33 00:02:00,704 --> 00:02:02,246 in the western world. 34 00:02:02,331 --> 00:02:05,666 Richard freund: For most of western civilization, 35 00:02:05,751 --> 00:02:11,004 plato is the basis for our thinking and philosophy. 36 00:02:11,090 --> 00:02:14,424 But he's also partially historian. 37 00:02:15,469 --> 00:02:20,055 And his work is still used 38 00:02:20,141 --> 00:02:24,726 in order to identify the way life was in antiquity. 39 00:02:24,812 --> 00:02:27,604 Shatner: Of all the influential writings of plato, 40 00:02:27,690 --> 00:02:29,773 the one that is perhaps the most fascinating 41 00:02:29,859 --> 00:02:33,026 and the most mysterious is his account 42 00:02:33,112 --> 00:02:36,572 of a lost civilization that existed centuries before 43 00:02:36,657 --> 00:02:39,950 the rise of ancient greece... 44 00:02:40,035 --> 00:02:42,995 Atlantis. 45 00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:46,790 Atlantis is a very important story in western imagination. 46 00:02:46,876 --> 00:02:50,377 In the year 359 before the common era, 47 00:02:50,462 --> 00:02:53,422 plato, the great philosopher, told a story 48 00:02:53,507 --> 00:02:57,092 about a continent, a large island, 49 00:02:57,178 --> 00:02:59,178 out in the atlantic ocean, 50 00:02:59,263 --> 00:03:02,681 and it became a very powerful nation. 51 00:03:02,766 --> 00:03:04,975 It was home to a fabulous civilization 52 00:03:05,060 --> 00:03:08,520 that began as the byword for justice and compassion. 53 00:03:08,564 --> 00:03:13,775 It had a huge navy that it used to travel 54 00:03:13,861 --> 00:03:17,654 from place to place around the mediterranean. 55 00:03:17,740 --> 00:03:21,158 Andrew collins: Plato tells us in his dialogues 56 00:03:21,243 --> 00:03:25,329 that the information came from a famous statesman 57 00:03:25,414 --> 00:03:28,290 who visited egypt by the name of solon 58 00:03:28,375 --> 00:03:29,875 a few centuries before. 59 00:03:29,960 --> 00:03:33,337 Shatner: Plato wrote that solon traveled to northern egypt 60 00:03:33,422 --> 00:03:35,380 and entered a sacred temple 61 00:03:35,424 --> 00:03:38,342 dedicated to the egyptian goddess neith. 62 00:03:38,385 --> 00:03:41,386 Within the temple was a column 63 00:03:41,472 --> 00:03:43,722 completely covered with hieroglyphics 64 00:03:43,807 --> 00:03:46,767 on which the history of atlantis was recorded. 65 00:03:46,852 --> 00:03:50,646 Egyptian priests told solon the story of 66 00:03:50,731 --> 00:03:52,773 this lost civilization, 67 00:03:52,858 --> 00:03:54,816 which predated the egyptians themselves. 68 00:03:54,902 --> 00:03:58,737 The egyptians would recount the story of atlantis 69 00:03:58,822 --> 00:04:02,616 as a major, major part of where their civilization came from, 70 00:04:02,701 --> 00:04:05,494 where they got a lot of their knowledge. 71 00:04:05,579 --> 00:04:08,705 This was a very advanced and technological civilization. 72 00:04:08,791 --> 00:04:13,669 And plato is reporting this as a very, very important story 73 00:04:13,754 --> 00:04:15,545 for the ancient egyptians. 74 00:04:15,631 --> 00:04:20,342 Pretty much like the next day after plato writes this, 75 00:04:20,427 --> 00:04:22,344 people start debating whether or not it was true. 76 00:04:22,429 --> 00:04:26,515 Did plato mean this as a fictional story, 77 00:04:26,600 --> 00:04:31,270 or was plato talking about a historical occurrence? 78 00:04:31,355 --> 00:04:34,189 Shatner: While it may sound like the stuff of fantasy, 79 00:04:34,275 --> 00:04:37,818 in his dialogues timaeus and critias, 80 00:04:37,903 --> 00:04:40,070 plato provides a wealth of detail 81 00:04:40,155 --> 00:04:43,865 about what many believe was a very real island nation. 82 00:04:45,786 --> 00:04:50,163 Hugh newman: Plato described atlantis as being a huge landmass, 83 00:04:50,249 --> 00:04:52,666 potentially in the atlantic ocean. 84 00:04:52,751 --> 00:04:55,961 One of the main design specs of atlantis was 85 00:04:56,046 --> 00:05:00,924 this huge area at the center of the main city of atlantis 86 00:05:01,010 --> 00:05:05,429 that had concentric circles of land and canals. 87 00:05:05,514 --> 00:05:08,849 It had a canal coming out that went to the sea, 88 00:05:08,934 --> 00:05:11,893 and a great port was built there. 89 00:05:11,979 --> 00:05:14,604 Young: The concentric circles of navigable canals 90 00:05:14,690 --> 00:05:17,649 suggest a well-planned early marina. 91 00:05:17,693 --> 00:05:21,486 It is strongly oriented to the sea. 92 00:05:21,572 --> 00:05:25,240 In the temple on the acropolis at the center of atlantis, 93 00:05:25,326 --> 00:05:28,869 there is a statue of poseidon, the creator god of the place. 94 00:05:28,954 --> 00:05:31,121 And he's got winged horses; 95 00:05:31,206 --> 00:05:33,332 a chariot with horses that can fly. 96 00:05:33,417 --> 00:05:37,627 So there is also a transcendent dimension implied. 97 00:05:38,964 --> 00:05:42,466 Shatner: But if such a transcendent, awe-inspiring place 98 00:05:42,551 --> 00:05:46,136 actually existed, what happened to it? 99 00:05:46,221 --> 00:05:50,849 According to plato, the atlanteans angered the gods 100 00:05:50,893 --> 00:05:54,227 with their pride, what the greeks called "hubris." 101 00:05:54,313 --> 00:05:58,982 -(thunder crashes) -and you definitely don't want to do that. 102 00:06:01,403 --> 00:06:04,696 Young: Atlantis got more and more vain, 103 00:06:04,740 --> 00:06:07,824 more and more abusive in their hubris. 104 00:06:07,910 --> 00:06:11,995 A kind of arrogance that was saying, "we are gods." 105 00:06:12,081 --> 00:06:16,833 that vanity of thinking that we are as important as the gods 106 00:06:16,919 --> 00:06:21,380 tends to upset the gods, and then the downfall comes. 107 00:06:21,465 --> 00:06:24,174 The downfall that is in every greek tragic play 108 00:06:24,259 --> 00:06:25,592 is the same thing. 109 00:06:25,677 --> 00:06:29,012 People of great privilege are brought down. 110 00:06:29,098 --> 00:06:30,555 (thunder crashing) 111 00:06:30,599 --> 00:06:32,557 picknett: Atlantis disappeared 112 00:06:32,601 --> 00:06:34,393 in a day and a night 113 00:06:34,478 --> 00:06:38,313 due to some natural catastrophe, 114 00:06:38,399 --> 00:06:39,773 and ended up under the waves. 115 00:06:39,858 --> 00:06:45,570 Young: The gods came and destroyed the whole place. 116 00:06:45,656 --> 00:06:49,157 The people were killed, the navy was destroyed, 117 00:06:49,243 --> 00:06:50,992 all in a day. 118 00:06:51,078 --> 00:06:54,871 And atlantis sinks into the sea. 119 00:06:57,292 --> 00:07:01,503 Freund: When plato talks about this catastrophic destruction 120 00:07:01,588 --> 00:07:06,425 of atlantis, I have to take him seriously. 121 00:07:06,510 --> 00:07:09,636 And the people would say, "oh, it's just a metaphor, atlantis." 122 00:07:09,721 --> 00:07:14,391 every metaphor has at its base a nucleus 123 00:07:14,476 --> 00:07:17,436 of historical information. 124 00:07:17,521 --> 00:07:22,941 So even if he fictionalized it, even if he elaborated it, 125 00:07:22,985 --> 00:07:28,113 at its nucleus, it's a real historical place. 126 00:07:28,157 --> 00:07:31,700 Shatner: Obviously, the best way to prove whether or not atlantis exists 127 00:07:31,785 --> 00:07:33,243 is to find it. 128 00:07:33,328 --> 00:07:36,288 And rediscovering mythological cities 129 00:07:36,331 --> 00:07:40,542 isn't as far-fetched as it might sound. 130 00:07:40,627 --> 00:07:43,712 Other than the myth of atlantis, the other great myth was 131 00:07:43,797 --> 00:07:44,880 the existence of troy, 132 00:07:44,965 --> 00:07:50,093 a city that rivaled the greeks in power. 133 00:07:50,179 --> 00:07:53,680 We know about the trojan horse, we know about helen of troy, 134 00:07:53,765 --> 00:07:55,432 we know about achilles. 135 00:07:55,476 --> 00:07:58,018 Shatner: For centuries, scholars scoffed at the notion 136 00:07:58,103 --> 00:08:00,270 that troy was a real place. 137 00:08:00,355 --> 00:08:02,772 That is until amateur archaeologist 138 00:08:02,858 --> 00:08:06,276 heinrich schliemann went looking for it in 1871. 139 00:08:06,361 --> 00:08:10,489 And believe it or not, schliemann found troy. 140 00:08:10,532 --> 00:08:13,450 Pretty much where homer said it would be. 141 00:08:15,329 --> 00:08:17,204 Kaku: And that spawned a whole industry 142 00:08:17,289 --> 00:08:19,956 of trying to find other ancient cities. 143 00:08:20,042 --> 00:08:21,958 But I think it also raised false hopes 144 00:08:22,002 --> 00:08:24,794 that we would find atlantis the same way we found 145 00:08:24,880 --> 00:08:26,755 the city of troy. 146 00:08:26,840 --> 00:08:28,256 It may not be so easy. 147 00:08:28,342 --> 00:08:32,135 Shatner: The modern search for atlantis was kicked off 148 00:08:32,179 --> 00:08:34,137 back in the late 19th century 149 00:08:34,223 --> 00:08:37,599 by a rather curious amateur scientist 150 00:08:37,684 --> 00:08:40,602 named ignatius donnelly. 151 00:08:42,397 --> 00:08:44,272 Christopher bader: Ignatius donnelly wrote a book 152 00:08:44,358 --> 00:08:46,816 called atlantis: The antediluvian world 153 00:08:46,860 --> 00:08:48,568 back in 1882. 154 00:08:48,654 --> 00:08:51,655 And this was a book that really brought atlantis out of 155 00:08:51,740 --> 00:08:55,492 plato's fables and into modern consciousness. 156 00:08:55,536 --> 00:08:57,744 He said atlantis really existed, 157 00:08:57,829 --> 00:09:00,539 really did have advanced technology. 158 00:09:00,624 --> 00:09:04,334 Shatner: For donnelly, researching the story of atlantis 159 00:09:04,419 --> 00:09:07,546 became such an obsession that he even went so far 160 00:09:07,631 --> 00:09:10,006 as to claim that he knew precisely 161 00:09:10,092 --> 00:09:13,677 where atlantis would one day be found. 162 00:09:13,762 --> 00:09:16,012 Young: Ignatius donnelly said atlantis was in 163 00:09:16,098 --> 00:09:18,473 a very specific place in the atlantic ocean, 164 00:09:18,559 --> 00:09:20,642 that it sank, and that the azores, 165 00:09:20,727 --> 00:09:23,228 the islands out there off Spain, 166 00:09:23,313 --> 00:09:26,147 are the tips of the mountains. 167 00:09:26,233 --> 00:09:28,358 Now we have good undersea exploration. 168 00:09:28,443 --> 00:09:30,610 We can go down and see the heavy silt 169 00:09:30,696 --> 00:09:32,445 that is at the ocean bottom 170 00:09:32,531 --> 00:09:35,073 that took millions of years to build up. 171 00:09:35,158 --> 00:09:37,826 It couldn't have been a civilization that sank 172 00:09:37,911 --> 00:09:39,327 a few thousand years ago. 173 00:09:39,413 --> 00:09:40,745 So he was wrong. 174 00:09:40,789 --> 00:09:43,748 But ignatius donnelly advanced the idea 175 00:09:43,834 --> 00:09:48,128 that atlantis may have physical history to it. 176 00:09:48,213 --> 00:09:52,716 Shatner: Many researchers believe that the best way to find atlantis 177 00:09:52,801 --> 00:09:57,012 is to look for it where plato said it was located. 178 00:09:59,558 --> 00:10:04,477 Freund: Plato gives us very specific geographic locations 179 00:10:04,563 --> 00:10:08,148 for where atlantis was. 180 00:10:08,233 --> 00:10:12,235 He says it's by the pillars of hercules. 181 00:10:12,321 --> 00:10:15,572 And the pillars were actually two mountains, 182 00:10:15,657 --> 00:10:18,325 one located at the rock of gibraltar, 183 00:10:18,410 --> 00:10:21,244 and the other located in morocco. 184 00:10:21,330 --> 00:10:25,206 And these two rocks were the pillars of hercules. 185 00:10:25,292 --> 00:10:28,501 So he's putting it in a very specific location 186 00:10:28,587 --> 00:10:31,755 that every single reader knew about. 187 00:10:31,840 --> 00:10:35,300 Shatner: Does the key to rediscovering atlantis 188 00:10:35,385 --> 00:10:39,804 lie in exploring the area near the pillars of hercules, 189 00:10:39,890 --> 00:10:43,516 or what today we call the strait of gibraltar? 190 00:10:43,602 --> 00:10:46,770 Perhaps the answer can be found by examining 191 00:10:46,855 --> 00:10:49,272 the findings of a team of archeologists 192 00:10:49,316 --> 00:10:52,442 who believe that the lost city 193 00:10:52,527 --> 00:10:55,445 is buried in Spain. 194 00:11:00,786 --> 00:11:03,328 Shatner: In southern Spain, just a few miles off the coast 195 00:11:03,413 --> 00:11:07,916 of the atlantic ocean lies doñana national park. 196 00:11:08,001 --> 00:11:11,294 Considered to be one of the finest biological reserves 197 00:11:11,380 --> 00:11:16,174 in the world, the park is filled with marsh wetlands, 198 00:11:16,259 --> 00:11:19,844 sand dunes and many forms of wildlife. 199 00:11:19,930 --> 00:11:24,474 But in recent years, archaeologist dr. Richard freund 200 00:11:24,559 --> 00:11:27,352 has come to believe that this marshland 201 00:11:27,437 --> 00:11:29,813 hides a profound secret: 202 00:11:29,898 --> 00:11:33,525 The remnants of atlantis. 203 00:11:33,568 --> 00:11:36,945 Freund: We started our work with the spanish archaeologists 204 00:11:37,030 --> 00:11:39,864 in doñana biological park. 205 00:11:39,908 --> 00:11:44,703 It's one of the largest marshes in all of europe, 206 00:11:44,746 --> 00:11:49,207 about 250 square miles of just marsh. 207 00:11:49,251 --> 00:11:52,043 The most important thing about doñana 208 00:11:52,087 --> 00:11:56,881 is it's located right next to the strait of gibraltar. 209 00:11:56,967 --> 00:12:01,886 This is the area where plato says atlantis was. 210 00:12:01,930 --> 00:12:04,973 So, archaeologists in Spain started to look 211 00:12:05,058 --> 00:12:07,892 in doñana biological park. 212 00:12:07,978 --> 00:12:10,687 And they invited us to come... 213 00:12:12,274 --> 00:12:14,107 ...With our geoscience team 214 00:12:14,192 --> 00:12:15,775 to see if we could narrow down the search 215 00:12:15,861 --> 00:12:18,903 using electrical resistivity tomography, 216 00:12:18,989 --> 00:12:21,865 ground-penetrating radar 217 00:12:21,908 --> 00:12:24,033 and other geoscience. 218 00:12:25,579 --> 00:12:27,078 Shatner: The archaeologists hoped 219 00:12:27,122 --> 00:12:30,415 that underground scans would reveal the presence 220 00:12:30,500 --> 00:12:32,709 of the ruins of atlantis buried underground. 221 00:12:32,794 --> 00:12:35,712 The results of the underground scans 222 00:12:35,797 --> 00:12:39,215 showed that there were distinct changes, or "breaks," 223 00:12:39,301 --> 00:12:42,260 in the density and conductivity of the soil. 224 00:12:44,306 --> 00:12:47,682 Richard freund claims that these breaks 225 00:12:47,768 --> 00:12:52,562 indicate the location of underground stone walls. 226 00:12:52,647 --> 00:12:55,648 Freund: We were able to look through the different layers 227 00:12:55,734 --> 00:12:57,609 and identify what we thought 228 00:12:57,652 --> 00:13:02,238 were the markings of the ancient city walls, 229 00:13:02,282 --> 00:13:05,283 concentric circles that one can see 230 00:13:05,368 --> 00:13:07,911 using electrical resistivity tomography, 231 00:13:07,954 --> 00:13:10,455 where they were below the surface. 232 00:13:10,540 --> 00:13:14,584 Where the ancient city might have been. 233 00:13:14,669 --> 00:13:17,796 Then, we did core samples 234 00:13:17,839 --> 00:13:21,257 that went down into the dirt 235 00:13:21,301 --> 00:13:25,595 30, 40, 50 meters below the surface, 236 00:13:25,639 --> 00:13:30,141 and it told us there was organic matter 237 00:13:30,227 --> 00:13:34,938 that dated back to about 5000 bce, 238 00:13:34,981 --> 00:13:38,441 some of the most ancient remains 239 00:13:38,527 --> 00:13:42,278 in this now close sedimented marsh. 240 00:13:42,364 --> 00:13:44,823 So, now we have the concentric circles, 241 00:13:44,908 --> 00:13:49,160 we have dating, so we know that this is probably the area 242 00:13:49,204 --> 00:13:52,956 where atlantis was centered. 243 00:13:55,377 --> 00:13:57,585 Shatner: But if there are circular structures 244 00:13:57,671 --> 00:14:01,589 beneath the mud at doñana, how did they become buried? 245 00:14:01,675 --> 00:14:04,926 According to freund, the marshes were once the site 246 00:14:05,011 --> 00:14:07,512 of a large bay, and the island of atlantis 247 00:14:07,597 --> 00:14:09,556 sat in the middle of it. 248 00:14:09,641 --> 00:14:12,350 He theorizes that, at some point, 249 00:14:12,394 --> 00:14:16,187 an earthquake and a tsunami struck. 250 00:14:16,273 --> 00:14:20,525 -(people screaming) -the island sunk into the bay, 251 00:14:20,610 --> 00:14:25,864 and mud eventually covered the lost city. 252 00:14:25,907 --> 00:14:30,076 Freund: Plato seems to be describing, in the destruction of atlantis, 253 00:14:30,161 --> 00:14:33,705 an earthquake with a major mega-tsunami 254 00:14:33,790 --> 00:14:36,374 that basically inundated 255 00:14:36,459 --> 00:14:40,378 the entire island with dirt and stone 256 00:14:40,463 --> 00:14:43,214 and they were not able to get all the people out. 257 00:14:43,258 --> 00:14:46,885 It was a catastrophic event, 258 00:14:46,928 --> 00:14:53,558 and that catastrophic event should be recorded in the marsh. 259 00:14:53,602 --> 00:14:56,477 Shatner: Incredibly, freund also claims 260 00:14:56,563 --> 00:14:58,563 to have found evidence underground 261 00:14:58,648 --> 00:15:01,566 not just of the structures of atlantis 262 00:15:01,610 --> 00:15:05,987 but of the cataclysm that supposedly destroyed the city. 263 00:15:06,072 --> 00:15:08,573 It just so happens that in the middle of the circle 264 00:15:08,658 --> 00:15:12,493 where the walls of atlantis were located, 265 00:15:12,579 --> 00:15:18,249 there was a consistent methane layer in the marsh. 266 00:15:19,586 --> 00:15:21,711 Shatner: But why is the presence of a layer of methane 267 00:15:21,796 --> 00:15:25,423 in the doñana marsh a significant find? 268 00:15:25,467 --> 00:15:30,887 Well, methane is a gas made up of carbon and hydrogen. 269 00:15:30,972 --> 00:15:34,265 And in other studies, archaeologists have concluded 270 00:15:34,309 --> 00:15:36,434 that the detection of methane in soil 271 00:15:36,478 --> 00:15:40,480 can indicate the presence of large numbers of dead bodies 272 00:15:40,565 --> 00:15:42,273 buried underground. 273 00:15:42,359 --> 00:15:45,944 And richard freund believes that his discovery 274 00:15:45,987 --> 00:15:49,113 of a significant amount of methane at doñana 275 00:15:49,157 --> 00:15:53,952 means that the bodies of the atlanteans are buried there. 276 00:15:53,995 --> 00:15:55,703 40 feet below the surface, 277 00:15:55,789 --> 00:15:58,623 suddenly to find this sealed layer, 278 00:15:58,708 --> 00:16:03,378 this is what confirms not only the date, 279 00:16:03,463 --> 00:16:07,632 the time, but what happened to most of the people. 280 00:16:07,676 --> 00:16:10,927 Humans, animals, agriculture 281 00:16:10,971 --> 00:16:14,305 had been sealed and disintegrated. 282 00:16:14,349 --> 00:16:18,309 And that is one of the indicators, the methane layer. 283 00:16:18,395 --> 00:16:22,814 Shatner: Does richard freund's discovery of a methane layer 284 00:16:22,899 --> 00:16:26,818 beneath the doñana marshes suggest that atlantis, 285 00:16:26,903 --> 00:16:30,863 and the atlanteans themselves, are buried there, 286 00:16:30,949 --> 00:16:32,824 waiting to be found? 287 00:16:32,867 --> 00:16:36,327 It's an intriguing possibility. 288 00:16:36,413 --> 00:16:39,706 However, since the doñana marsh is a wildlife reserve, 289 00:16:39,791 --> 00:16:42,792 the archaeologists are not permitted to dig there 290 00:16:42,836 --> 00:16:44,502 to try and prove their theory. 291 00:16:46,423 --> 00:16:49,173 But freund and the spanish archaeologists 292 00:16:49,217 --> 00:16:52,343 were determined to keep searching for answers. 293 00:16:55,140 --> 00:16:57,974 So, they sent underwater divers to investigate 294 00:16:58,018 --> 00:16:59,350 the nearby ocean floor 295 00:16:59,436 --> 00:17:03,354 where they found extraordinary evidence 296 00:17:03,440 --> 00:17:07,358 that an ancient city once existed in this area. 297 00:17:07,402 --> 00:17:09,527 Freund: What they were able to discover 298 00:17:09,612 --> 00:17:12,822 was there were massive walls, 299 00:17:12,907 --> 00:17:16,534 all in the area right off of the coast. 300 00:17:16,619 --> 00:17:21,080 You have to wonder "where did they come from?" 301 00:17:21,166 --> 00:17:24,042 so, what we were able to piece together 302 00:17:24,085 --> 00:17:28,212 is this came from a major city on the coast. 303 00:17:28,298 --> 00:17:33,426 And that city is, most likely than not, atlantis. 304 00:17:34,554 --> 00:17:37,055 Shatner: Is it possible that richard freund 305 00:17:37,140 --> 00:17:39,974 has found the site where atlantis was located, 306 00:17:40,060 --> 00:17:44,896 finally proving that this lost civilization 307 00:17:44,981 --> 00:17:47,732 was, in fact, real? 308 00:17:47,776 --> 00:17:51,069 Freund: The most mysterious thing about atlantis 309 00:17:51,154 --> 00:17:56,032 is everybody knows that it was destroyed, 310 00:17:56,117 --> 00:18:00,870 and yet most people are looking for evidence 311 00:18:00,955 --> 00:18:03,664 that it wasn't completely destroyed. 312 00:18:03,750 --> 00:18:08,628 In my opinion, this site in southern Spain 313 00:18:08,713 --> 00:18:11,255 is where atlantis was. 314 00:18:11,299 --> 00:18:13,883 Shatner: Richard freund believes he is on the cusp 315 00:18:13,968 --> 00:18:17,428 of uncovering the ruins of atlantis, 316 00:18:17,514 --> 00:18:20,264 but his theory faces stiff competition 317 00:18:20,308 --> 00:18:22,433 from those posed by other researchers. 318 00:18:22,519 --> 00:18:25,311 In fact, there are some who argue that atlantis 319 00:18:25,396 --> 00:18:28,147 was located at another site 320 00:18:28,233 --> 00:18:32,777 that is roughly 100 miles west, in portugal. 321 00:18:32,862 --> 00:18:35,530 And according to the man who discovered that site, 322 00:18:35,615 --> 00:18:39,992 it fits virtually every clue left by plato, 323 00:18:40,078 --> 00:18:45,248 in a way no other place on earth can possibly match. 324 00:18:53,550 --> 00:18:55,258 Shatner: British resarcher peter daughtrey 325 00:18:55,343 --> 00:19:00,346 publishes a book titled atlantis and the silver city. 326 00:19:00,431 --> 00:19:04,100 In it, daughtry argues that if atlantis existed, 327 00:19:04,185 --> 00:19:06,602 the best way to find its location is to take 328 00:19:06,688 --> 00:19:11,524 a much closer, more detailed look at plato's writings. 329 00:19:11,609 --> 00:19:14,569 Daughtrey has been exhaustively studying 330 00:19:14,654 --> 00:19:17,655 plato's dialogues for decades, 331 00:19:17,740 --> 00:19:21,200 and is confident that he has found enough clues 332 00:19:21,286 --> 00:19:25,496 to solve the mystery of atlantis. 333 00:19:25,582 --> 00:19:29,208 When I analyze plato, and in the second dialogue, critias, 334 00:19:29,294 --> 00:19:30,918 it gave an awful amount of detail. 335 00:19:31,004 --> 00:19:34,547 In fact, there are 100 clues, but about 40 of them 336 00:19:34,632 --> 00:19:36,340 you couldn't hope to possibly find today 337 00:19:36,426 --> 00:19:39,510 because they would have all gone a long time ago. 338 00:19:39,554 --> 00:19:42,805 So I distilled it down to just 60 clues 339 00:19:42,891 --> 00:19:44,891 that we could reasonably hope to match today. 340 00:19:44,976 --> 00:19:49,562 Shatner: When daughtrey drilled deeper into plato's writings, 341 00:19:49,647 --> 00:19:53,191 he concluded that atlantis wasn't located 342 00:19:53,234 --> 00:19:55,902 along the coast of Spain, 343 00:19:55,987 --> 00:19:59,739 but rather, the idyllic algarve coast of portugal. 344 00:19:59,824 --> 00:20:03,117 Daughtrey: When I'd finished researching the 60 clues, 345 00:20:03,203 --> 00:20:05,786 all 60 fit with this area. 346 00:20:05,872 --> 00:20:08,831 One of the few crops he speaks of in detail 347 00:20:08,917 --> 00:20:11,918 is-is chestnuts, sweet chestnuts. 348 00:20:12,003 --> 00:20:14,629 That's one of the evocative smells in the algarve. 349 00:20:14,714 --> 00:20:17,840 And the sweet chestnut was endemic in portugal, 350 00:20:17,926 --> 00:20:19,425 and, well, iberia. 351 00:20:19,510 --> 00:20:21,302 He also said it had another clue, 352 00:20:21,387 --> 00:20:24,013 which was great wealth. 353 00:20:24,098 --> 00:20:26,849 Well, that area of southern portugal 354 00:20:26,935 --> 00:20:28,976 was one of the wealthiest areas 355 00:20:29,062 --> 00:20:31,646 for precious metals in the world. 356 00:20:31,731 --> 00:20:34,023 Phoenicians were there trading 357 00:20:34,108 --> 00:20:36,859 with the algarve for the precious metals. 358 00:20:36,945 --> 00:20:39,779 In fact, at one stage, so much silver 359 00:20:39,864 --> 00:20:42,531 had been taken by the phoenicians 360 00:20:42,617 --> 00:20:45,284 from this region of southern portugal 361 00:20:45,370 --> 00:20:48,663 back to babylon, the bullion market crashed 362 00:20:48,748 --> 00:20:50,915 because there was so much of it. 363 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:55,294 Shatner: But what about the biggest clue of all? 364 00:20:55,380 --> 00:21:00,049 Didn't plato say that atlantis was an island? 365 00:21:00,134 --> 00:21:03,594 Daughtrey: A lot of people were looking for an island, 366 00:21:03,680 --> 00:21:06,722 and the word that plato used, the ancient greek word, 367 00:21:06,808 --> 00:21:09,600 was nêsos, n-e-s-o-s. 368 00:21:09,644 --> 00:21:13,729 In actual fact, the greeks had three definitions 369 00:21:13,773 --> 00:21:15,106 of the word nêsos. 370 00:21:15,191 --> 00:21:16,816 One was an island. 371 00:21:16,901 --> 00:21:18,234 The other was a big estuary 372 00:21:18,319 --> 00:21:20,945 with mudflats and rivulets of water. 373 00:21:20,989 --> 00:21:22,947 And the other one was a peninsula. 374 00:21:23,032 --> 00:21:26,117 And right outside the straits of gibraltar 375 00:21:26,202 --> 00:21:28,494 you got the iberian peninsula. 376 00:21:28,579 --> 00:21:31,163 So that had been bedeviling the search for atlantis 377 00:21:31,249 --> 00:21:33,040 for a long time, people were looking for an island. 378 00:21:33,126 --> 00:21:34,500 It probably wasn't an island. 379 00:21:34,585 --> 00:21:38,421 Shatner: But if the land, the nêsos, of atlantis 380 00:21:38,464 --> 00:21:40,715 is located in southern portugal, 381 00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:43,384 where exactly is the capital city? 382 00:21:43,469 --> 00:21:45,094 The one with the concentric rings, 383 00:21:45,179 --> 00:21:48,431 the massive harbor and the temple of poseidon? 384 00:21:48,474 --> 00:21:50,891 Daughtrey: I turned to the clues for the city, 385 00:21:50,977 --> 00:21:53,394 which were 18 of the 60 clues, 386 00:21:53,479 --> 00:21:55,396 and they're very precise and detailed. 387 00:21:55,481 --> 00:22:00,318 Plato said that the capital city was less than a kilometer wide. 388 00:22:00,403 --> 00:22:03,112 It had mountains at the back of it, it was on a flat plain. 389 00:22:03,197 --> 00:22:08,326 It was encircled by three rings of water and two of land, 390 00:22:08,411 --> 00:22:12,913 and the outer ring of water was a big harbor. 391 00:22:12,999 --> 00:22:15,041 Shatner: As daughtrey searched, 392 00:22:15,126 --> 00:22:17,418 he found only one place in the region-- 393 00:22:17,503 --> 00:22:19,420 or for that matter, in the world-- 394 00:22:19,505 --> 00:22:24,425 that fits every single one of his 18 clues. 395 00:22:24,510 --> 00:22:27,803 And to his surprise, that place was a city 396 00:22:27,889 --> 00:22:29,972 that is located in portugal, 397 00:22:30,058 --> 00:22:35,895 not on the bottom of the ocean, nor buried under layers of mud: 398 00:22:35,980 --> 00:22:39,982 The old portuguese town of silves. 399 00:22:40,068 --> 00:22:42,818 This ancient city, 400 00:22:42,904 --> 00:22:45,654 in the algarve region of southern portugal, 401 00:22:45,740 --> 00:22:47,365 is set on the arade river, 402 00:22:47,408 --> 00:22:51,160 which links inland portugal to the open ocean. 403 00:22:51,245 --> 00:22:54,121 Daughtrey: Silves town itself is just less than a kilometer wide. 404 00:22:54,207 --> 00:22:57,708 One of plato's clues was that 405 00:22:57,794 --> 00:23:00,336 it was only nine and a quarter kilometers from the sea. 406 00:23:00,421 --> 00:23:03,005 The river that runs past silves 407 00:23:03,091 --> 00:23:04,548 and goes, you know, out to the sea, 408 00:23:04,592 --> 00:23:06,759 it's exactly nine and a quarter kilometers. 409 00:23:06,844 --> 00:23:10,179 Plato said that they built the buildings 410 00:23:10,264 --> 00:23:12,848 from white, black and red rock. 411 00:23:12,892 --> 00:23:15,518 In fact, if you go to silves now, you can see the pavement 412 00:23:15,603 --> 00:23:18,396 is in white, black and red stone. 413 00:23:18,439 --> 00:23:22,775 Plato said there was a palace at the top of the island. 414 00:23:22,860 --> 00:23:24,902 And silves, there's an old castle there, 415 00:23:24,987 --> 00:23:26,445 the biggest in portugal. 416 00:23:26,531 --> 00:23:29,407 The current castle is on a brow of a hill 417 00:23:29,450 --> 00:23:30,991 that is the same land measurements 418 00:23:31,077 --> 00:23:33,369 as he gave for the palace. 419 00:23:33,454 --> 00:23:35,413 So all these clues match to the city. 420 00:23:35,498 --> 00:23:37,039 There couldn't be two of them. 421 00:23:37,125 --> 00:23:39,625 And it really is the final clincher, if you like, 422 00:23:39,710 --> 00:23:43,045 that that was where plato was talking about. 423 00:23:43,131 --> 00:23:46,340 Shatner: According to peter daughtrey, 424 00:23:46,426 --> 00:23:48,551 the city that is now called silves 425 00:23:48,636 --> 00:23:51,637 was at the center of a vast empire that stretched 426 00:23:51,722 --> 00:23:54,890 to include the area of the doñana marsh, 427 00:23:54,976 --> 00:23:58,561 so it's entirely possible that both he and richard freund 428 00:23:58,646 --> 00:24:03,023 have uncovered remnants of atlantis. 429 00:24:04,026 --> 00:24:05,818 But questions remain. 430 00:24:05,903 --> 00:24:08,362 For instance, if atlantis was a far-reaching, 431 00:24:08,448 --> 00:24:13,159 seafaring nation that traveled throughout the mediterranean, 432 00:24:13,244 --> 00:24:16,579 then how come no ancient artifacts 433 00:24:16,664 --> 00:24:20,040 from their civilization have ever been recovered? 434 00:24:21,169 --> 00:24:23,586 Well, a recent discovery 435 00:24:23,671 --> 00:24:27,506 may have finally revealed the ancient artifacts 436 00:24:27,592 --> 00:24:31,135 that archaeologists have been searching for. 437 00:24:38,102 --> 00:24:40,895 Marine archeologists recover dozens 438 00:24:40,980 --> 00:24:43,647 of mysterious metal bars 439 00:24:43,733 --> 00:24:48,360 from an ancient shipwreck on the seafloor off of sicily. 440 00:24:48,446 --> 00:24:52,740 Metal bars that, incredibly, match the description 441 00:24:52,825 --> 00:24:56,785 of a metal that was said to be treasured by the atlanteans: 442 00:24:56,871 --> 00:24:58,829 Orichalcum. 443 00:24:58,915 --> 00:25:02,791 Newman: One of the mysteries of atlantis that plato talked about 444 00:25:02,877 --> 00:25:05,794 was a type of metal called orichalcum. 445 00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:08,297 This has been a big mystery and a big debate, 446 00:25:08,382 --> 00:25:12,009 you know, for many decades about what this really is. 447 00:25:12,053 --> 00:25:13,761 Freund: The archaeologists said, 448 00:25:13,846 --> 00:25:17,765 "we want to know if this is really orichalcum." 449 00:25:17,850 --> 00:25:20,768 so I sent a geoscientist 450 00:25:20,853 --> 00:25:23,479 with an x-ray fluorescence machine 451 00:25:23,564 --> 00:25:26,315 that basically can tell me the content 452 00:25:26,400 --> 00:25:30,486 of that metal without destroying the sample. 453 00:25:30,571 --> 00:25:35,824 And what he discovered was it had all the characteristics 454 00:25:35,910 --> 00:25:39,036 of what orichalcum traditionally had. 455 00:25:39,080 --> 00:25:41,830 It had zinc, it had lead, 456 00:25:41,916 --> 00:25:45,167 it had copper, it had tin. 457 00:25:45,253 --> 00:25:49,922 And these are all materials that made orichalcum so famous. 458 00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:54,051 Could the very existence of orichalcum 459 00:25:54,095 --> 00:25:57,888 really be tangible evidence that plato's fabled 460 00:25:57,974 --> 00:26:00,683 lost continent actually existed? 461 00:26:00,768 --> 00:26:05,187 There are many who believe the answer is yes. 462 00:26:05,273 --> 00:26:07,982 But does that suggest that atlantis was located 463 00:26:08,067 --> 00:26:12,528 somewhere off the coast of Spain, in portugal, perhaps? 464 00:26:12,613 --> 00:26:15,281 Or could it have been somewhere else? 465 00:26:15,366 --> 00:26:20,077 Somewhere that few people would ever imagine? 466 00:26:24,959 --> 00:26:29,461 Shatner: Dayton, ohio, November, 1923. 467 00:26:29,547 --> 00:26:32,506 Edgar cayce, an american psychic and healer, 468 00:26:32,592 --> 00:26:35,426 famous in the early 20th century 469 00:26:35,469 --> 00:26:37,803 for his ability to see into the future, 470 00:26:37,888 --> 00:26:42,182 has a profound vision while in a self-induced trance. 471 00:26:42,268 --> 00:26:45,561 -(babbling) -but on this particular occasion, 472 00:26:45,646 --> 00:26:49,732 cayce's vision was not of the future 473 00:26:49,817 --> 00:26:52,192 -but of the distant past. -(mumbles): Atlantis. 474 00:26:52,278 --> 00:26:55,237 Shatner: He saw atlantis. 475 00:26:55,323 --> 00:26:58,073 But the atlantis that cayce saw 476 00:26:58,159 --> 00:27:01,076 did not resemble an ancient city. 477 00:27:03,372 --> 00:27:08,584 Edgar cayce talks about atlantis in his psychic readings 478 00:27:08,669 --> 00:27:12,671 as being a place of high culture. 479 00:27:12,757 --> 00:27:16,717 Civilization beyond even what we have today. 480 00:27:16,802 --> 00:27:19,470 They had everything from crystals 481 00:27:19,555 --> 00:27:21,889 that could affect your healing in the body 482 00:27:21,974 --> 00:27:25,392 to death rays, even airships. 483 00:27:27,313 --> 00:27:28,771 Bader: He described atlantis 484 00:27:28,856 --> 00:27:32,483 as a place of a much greater and much more advanced technology 485 00:27:32,568 --> 00:27:35,402 than either plato or donnelly claimed. 486 00:27:35,488 --> 00:27:38,238 He claims that they were able to levitate 487 00:27:38,324 --> 00:27:39,740 and have psychic powers. 488 00:27:39,825 --> 00:27:42,368 The downfall of atlantis, according to cayce, 489 00:27:42,453 --> 00:27:46,997 was that atlantis had developed giant crystal death rays 490 00:27:47,041 --> 00:27:50,501 and there was an internal civil war on the island, 491 00:27:50,544 --> 00:27:52,836 that during that war, the crystal death rays 492 00:27:52,880 --> 00:27:58,258 were set off and sunk the island beneath the waves. 493 00:27:58,344 --> 00:28:01,387 Shatner: Giant crystal death rays? 494 00:28:01,472 --> 00:28:07,643 As strange as it sounds, that is what cayce said. 495 00:28:07,687 --> 00:28:11,563 Researchers believe that one way to test his incredible claims 496 00:28:11,649 --> 00:28:14,108 is to look for the ruins of atlantis 497 00:28:14,193 --> 00:28:17,111 where edgar cayce thought it was located. 498 00:28:17,196 --> 00:28:21,115 Cayce said that atlantis wasn't centered near the mediterranean, 499 00:28:21,200 --> 00:28:23,117 as most people believe, 500 00:28:23,202 --> 00:28:26,745 but rather, on the other side of the atlantic ocean. 501 00:28:26,831 --> 00:28:30,124 Picknett: Edgar cayce described atlantis 502 00:28:30,209 --> 00:28:33,210 as being just off the coast of cuba, 503 00:28:33,254 --> 00:28:36,714 and there is some quite persuasive research 504 00:28:36,757 --> 00:28:41,051 about, um, atlantis actually being off cuba. 505 00:28:43,055 --> 00:28:46,056 Collins: In September, 1998, 506 00:28:46,100 --> 00:28:52,020 I went to cuba and I hired the help of a local archeologist 507 00:28:52,106 --> 00:28:54,857 who was able to take me out to these caves. 508 00:28:54,942 --> 00:29:00,738 We found a veritable sistine chapel of the ancient world. 509 00:29:00,823 --> 00:29:05,200 Seven chambers full of the most incredible rock art 510 00:29:05,286 --> 00:29:08,787 showing these weird concentric circles 511 00:29:08,873 --> 00:29:11,999 that were a complete mystery to the archeologists. 512 00:29:12,084 --> 00:29:15,252 It was almost as if I had a eureka moment, 513 00:29:15,337 --> 00:29:20,466 and I realized that this could be the key to finding atlantis. 514 00:29:20,551 --> 00:29:23,469 Shatner: In addition to archaeological evidence 515 00:29:23,554 --> 00:29:26,889 linking cuba to atlantis, researchers argue 516 00:29:26,974 --> 00:29:29,558 that there is also historical evidence, 517 00:29:29,643 --> 00:29:33,061 in the form of accounts written by spanish explorers 518 00:29:33,147 --> 00:29:35,647 in the 16th century. 519 00:29:35,733 --> 00:29:40,319 In 1552, a spanish historian 520 00:29:40,404 --> 00:29:45,741 by the name of francisco lópez de gómara 521 00:29:45,826 --> 00:29:51,455 actually wrote that when the spanish did arrive in cuba, 522 00:29:51,540 --> 00:29:54,082 they found that the indigenous peoples 523 00:29:54,168 --> 00:29:57,211 had a tradition that once all of these islands 524 00:29:57,296 --> 00:29:59,755 were one huge continent... 525 00:30:01,217 --> 00:30:04,009 ...That had been broken apart 526 00:30:04,094 --> 00:30:06,637 by the waters during a great cataclysm 527 00:30:06,722 --> 00:30:10,265 and split apart into the islands 528 00:30:10,351 --> 00:30:12,351 and the cays that we see today. 529 00:30:13,187 --> 00:30:15,479 Shatner: According to geologists, 530 00:30:15,523 --> 00:30:17,189 such a cataclysm did take place 531 00:30:17,274 --> 00:30:19,691 in the atlantic ocean, near cuba, 532 00:30:19,777 --> 00:30:22,444 more than 10,000 years ago. 533 00:30:22,488 --> 00:30:24,613 During the last ice age, 534 00:30:24,698 --> 00:30:29,409 sea levels were about 400 feet lower. 535 00:30:29,495 --> 00:30:33,205 Many of today's islands were joined into large landmasses; 536 00:30:33,290 --> 00:30:37,417 island continents, you might say. 537 00:30:37,503 --> 00:30:40,712 Then the ice began to melt, creating sudden surges 538 00:30:40,798 --> 00:30:44,842 in ocean levels called meltwater pulses. 539 00:30:46,470 --> 00:30:49,429 One particularly violent pulse wreaked havoc 540 00:30:49,515 --> 00:30:53,517 on coastlines and islands everywhere. 541 00:30:53,561 --> 00:30:56,895 Meltwater pulse 1b. 542 00:30:56,981 --> 00:31:01,817 Some people think that meltwater pulse 1b took place 543 00:31:01,902 --> 00:31:05,362 precisely when atlantis was supposed to fall. 544 00:31:05,447 --> 00:31:08,198 Now, of course, this is a theory, 545 00:31:08,284 --> 00:31:11,076 'cause we're going back 10,000 years. 546 00:31:11,161 --> 00:31:13,579 Some people have claimed that perhaps it was 547 00:31:13,664 --> 00:31:16,206 the sudden meltwater being released 548 00:31:16,292 --> 00:31:20,377 that caused the flooding which destroyed atlantis. 549 00:31:20,462 --> 00:31:24,298 Plato tells us that atlantis was somewhere 550 00:31:24,383 --> 00:31:26,383 out in the atlantic ocean. 551 00:31:26,427 --> 00:31:28,010 But where, exactly? 552 00:31:28,095 --> 00:31:33,682 Is it possible that atlantis awaits discovery 553 00:31:33,726 --> 00:31:35,851 off the coast of cuba? 554 00:31:35,895 --> 00:31:37,895 I actually think the answer is yes. 555 00:31:40,107 --> 00:31:42,774 Shatner: If edgar cayce was right, and the ruins of atlantis 556 00:31:42,860 --> 00:31:45,360 can be found in the ocean near cuba, 557 00:31:45,446 --> 00:31:49,281 then is it also possible that atlantis possessed 558 00:31:49,366 --> 00:31:53,076 incredibly sophisticated technology, as he described? 559 00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:55,370 Perhaps even technology 560 00:31:55,456 --> 00:31:59,541 that is more advanced than our own. 561 00:31:59,627 --> 00:32:04,421 Airships, levitation, psych powers. 562 00:32:04,506 --> 00:32:06,632 Sounds like something out of science fiction, 563 00:32:06,717 --> 00:32:09,301 until we remember that, according to plato, 564 00:32:09,386 --> 00:32:12,638 atlantis was created by poseidon, 565 00:32:12,723 --> 00:32:16,808 the greek god of the sea, and ruled by his children. 566 00:32:16,894 --> 00:32:18,727 And there are some who believe that 567 00:32:18,812 --> 00:32:22,439 those same greek gods were actually 568 00:32:22,524 --> 00:32:25,275 extraterrestrial visitors. 569 00:32:25,319 --> 00:32:29,071 But that's all too far-fetched for rational minds 570 00:32:29,156 --> 00:32:31,239 like ours to accept. 571 00:32:32,618 --> 00:32:34,868 Or is it? 572 00:32:42,836 --> 00:32:46,380 Shatner: Standing in the center of the national archaeological museum 573 00:32:46,465 --> 00:32:49,466 is an ancient statue that is referred to as 574 00:32:49,510 --> 00:32:52,010 poseidon of melos. 575 00:32:52,096 --> 00:32:55,764 Dated to the second century bc, 576 00:32:55,808 --> 00:32:58,642 it depicts the greek god poseidon who, 577 00:32:58,727 --> 00:33:02,479 according to plato, was both the ruler of the sea 578 00:33:02,523 --> 00:33:05,649 and the founder of atlantis. 579 00:33:08,028 --> 00:33:11,905 We hear from plato that the gods drew lots 580 00:33:11,991 --> 00:33:14,908 and divided up the world into areas 581 00:33:14,994 --> 00:33:16,868 that they would be responsible for. 582 00:33:16,954 --> 00:33:21,206 And poseidon receives an island, 583 00:33:21,291 --> 00:33:24,626 and he finds a human woman on the island, 584 00:33:24,712 --> 00:33:26,128 falls in love with her, 585 00:33:26,171 --> 00:33:28,880 and they have five sets of twins. 586 00:33:28,966 --> 00:33:33,510 And the firstborn of the first set of twins he names atlas, 587 00:33:33,554 --> 00:33:36,847 and he makes him the king of atlantis. 588 00:33:36,890 --> 00:33:39,725 So the island is named for that atlas, 589 00:33:39,810 --> 00:33:41,935 as is the atlantic ocean 590 00:33:42,021 --> 00:33:44,730 in which the island was situated. 591 00:33:44,815 --> 00:33:47,607 The original inhabitants of atlantis, 592 00:33:47,693 --> 00:33:50,861 the atlanteans themselves, because they are 593 00:33:50,946 --> 00:33:54,865 the descendants of a god, they are like gods themselves. 594 00:33:54,908 --> 00:33:58,076 They're not gods on the level of poseidon, 595 00:33:58,162 --> 00:34:02,831 but they are endowed with supernatural powers of sorts. 596 00:34:02,875 --> 00:34:07,711 Burdorff: They have the best technology, they have the most resources, 597 00:34:07,755 --> 00:34:11,381 they have civilization crafted by a god 598 00:34:11,425 --> 00:34:14,259 for their greatest benefit. 599 00:34:14,344 --> 00:34:19,556 Shatner: Were the atlanteans really supernatural beings 600 00:34:19,600 --> 00:34:23,060 with advanced technology who descended from a god? 601 00:34:23,103 --> 00:34:27,064 Sounds like a wild fantasy. 602 00:34:27,149 --> 00:34:30,567 But, just like the rest of the atlantis story, 603 00:34:30,652 --> 00:34:34,029 it begs the question: Is there any way 604 00:34:34,114 --> 00:34:36,907 that it could possibly be true? 605 00:34:36,950 --> 00:34:42,454 Plato said the atlanteans were the children of the gods. 606 00:34:42,539 --> 00:34:45,040 They were hybrid beings. 607 00:34:45,125 --> 00:34:47,918 They were part human, part god, 608 00:34:47,961 --> 00:34:51,421 where the gods have created this race of beings. 609 00:34:51,465 --> 00:34:54,966 Many people have long believed that this story is true, 610 00:34:55,052 --> 00:34:56,426 but they weren't really gods, 611 00:34:56,470 --> 00:34:58,345 they were actually extraterrestrials, 612 00:34:58,430 --> 00:35:00,889 and they mated with human females 613 00:35:00,974 --> 00:35:02,682 and created a hybrid race. 614 00:35:02,768 --> 00:35:06,895 This is a story that has all kinds of hallmarks 615 00:35:06,939 --> 00:35:10,023 of genetic engineering and the influence of 616 00:35:10,109 --> 00:35:13,276 an extraterrestrial with this technology. 617 00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:15,779 It sounds like quite a far-out idea, 618 00:35:15,823 --> 00:35:19,616 but there's a lot of analogies in myths 619 00:35:19,701 --> 00:35:21,785 that don't really make sense unless you look at it 620 00:35:21,829 --> 00:35:24,955 -from a technical perspective. -(thunder crashes) 621 00:35:24,998 --> 00:35:26,832 henry: In plato's dialogues, he makes it clear that 622 00:35:26,917 --> 00:35:30,752 atlantis is a place of genuine history. 623 00:35:30,838 --> 00:35:33,296 So what the story is actually telling us 624 00:35:33,382 --> 00:35:36,591 is that there were actual beings that came to earth 625 00:35:36,635 --> 00:35:41,138 and influenced human affairs by creating hybrid offspring. 626 00:35:44,184 --> 00:35:46,768 Shatner: Extraterrestrial hybrids. 627 00:35:46,812 --> 00:35:49,354 If this fascinating theory is true, 628 00:35:49,439 --> 00:35:51,815 could it be that the advanced technology 629 00:35:51,859 --> 00:35:55,819 associated with atlantis was brought to earth... 630 00:35:55,863 --> 00:35:57,988 From another world? 631 00:35:58,031 --> 00:36:01,199 And perhaps more profoundly, if the atlanteans 632 00:36:01,285 --> 00:36:03,827 descended from extraterrestrials, 633 00:36:03,871 --> 00:36:09,416 could it be that they didn't just disappear, 634 00:36:09,501 --> 00:36:12,002 but actually went home? 635 00:36:13,589 --> 00:36:15,797 One of the big problems of atlantis 636 00:36:15,883 --> 00:36:18,133 is where is it? Where did it go? 637 00:36:19,469 --> 00:36:21,178 There's so many places around the world 638 00:36:21,263 --> 00:36:24,306 that atlantis is said to have existed: 639 00:36:24,391 --> 00:36:30,061 Antarctica, the mediterranean, cuba and other places. 640 00:36:30,147 --> 00:36:32,522 One of the ideas is that it actually was 641 00:36:32,608 --> 00:36:36,026 some kind of spaceship that lifted off 642 00:36:36,111 --> 00:36:39,446 and then would go and land in another location. 643 00:36:39,531 --> 00:36:41,448 So many of the stories we often find in greek myths 644 00:36:41,533 --> 00:36:45,702 do talk about these stars falling from the sky 645 00:36:45,787 --> 00:36:48,622 and creating these islands in the ocean. 646 00:36:48,707 --> 00:36:53,168 So atlantis could have actually took off and left earth. 647 00:36:53,212 --> 00:36:57,505 Henry: Cultures all around the world talk about humans deciding 648 00:36:57,591 --> 00:36:59,341 to ascend or leave the planet because of 649 00:36:59,426 --> 00:37:00,884 an impending cataclysm; 650 00:37:00,928 --> 00:37:03,220 a coming apocalypse, like a great flood 651 00:37:03,305 --> 00:37:05,722 or a cataclysm of that nature. 652 00:37:05,766 --> 00:37:08,600 And this is what we might be seeing in atlantis, 653 00:37:08,685 --> 00:37:10,560 where they know this cataclysm's coming, 654 00:37:10,646 --> 00:37:14,231 and they decide it's time to move into the stars. 655 00:37:16,235 --> 00:37:19,694 Shatner: Atlantis a spaceship? 656 00:37:19,780 --> 00:37:22,197 It's an audacious theory. 657 00:37:22,282 --> 00:37:24,241 Which, perhaps, is what you must expect 658 00:37:24,284 --> 00:37:26,243 when an entire continent vanishes 659 00:37:26,286 --> 00:37:28,036 from the face of the earth. 660 00:37:29,081 --> 00:37:33,875 But... Did atlantis really leave no trace? 661 00:37:33,919 --> 00:37:38,797 Or, in fact, could there be a reflection of the lost continent 662 00:37:38,882 --> 00:37:40,298 in the modern world, 663 00:37:40,384 --> 00:37:41,716 and in the last place 664 00:37:41,802 --> 00:37:46,263 anyone would expect to find it? 665 00:37:51,645 --> 00:37:55,480 Shatner: Orlando, florida. 1966. 666 00:37:55,565 --> 00:37:58,024 Only months before his death, 667 00:37:58,110 --> 00:38:02,946 walt disney announces his most ambitious project to date. 668 00:38:02,990 --> 00:38:05,073 Dave bossert: In 1966, 669 00:38:05,117 --> 00:38:09,953 really one of the last things that walt talked about publicly 670 00:38:09,997 --> 00:38:14,416 was his designs for epcot, 671 00:38:14,459 --> 00:38:20,630 which stands for experimental prototype city of tomorrow. 672 00:38:21,967 --> 00:38:25,260 And he had been amassing property 673 00:38:25,345 --> 00:38:28,847 in the orlando area of florida for a number of years 674 00:38:28,932 --> 00:38:31,641 before he finally made this announcement. 675 00:38:31,685 --> 00:38:34,602 Shatner: In the years following disney's death, 676 00:38:34,646 --> 00:38:37,147 the epcot project moved forward. 677 00:38:37,232 --> 00:38:39,316 But without disney's personal guidance, 678 00:38:39,359 --> 00:38:41,818 his ambitious plans were scaled back. 679 00:38:42,821 --> 00:38:44,487 In his original vision, 680 00:38:44,531 --> 00:38:47,532 epcot was to be not just a tourist attraction, 681 00:38:47,617 --> 00:38:49,993 but an actual city, 682 00:38:50,078 --> 00:38:53,330 a place where thousands would live and work-- 683 00:38:53,373 --> 00:38:54,998 a utopia. 684 00:38:55,083 --> 00:38:57,834 Bossert: The designers, the imagineers, 685 00:38:57,878 --> 00:38:59,753 walt disney, were all looking to see 686 00:38:59,838 --> 00:39:03,340 if they could create this utopian society. 687 00:39:03,383 --> 00:39:06,551 And you have to remember, as they were designing this, 688 00:39:06,636 --> 00:39:11,514 there was the cultural upheaval of the 1960s starting to go on. 689 00:39:11,600 --> 00:39:13,850 Shatner: But there's one thing 690 00:39:13,894 --> 00:39:16,478 few people know about epcot. 691 00:39:16,521 --> 00:39:18,855 Both disney's original design 692 00:39:18,940 --> 00:39:21,941 and the version that was ultimately built 693 00:39:22,027 --> 00:39:25,320 resemble, to a remarkable degree, 694 00:39:25,364 --> 00:39:28,198 plato's description of atlantis, 695 00:39:28,283 --> 00:39:31,785 right down to the concentric rings. 696 00:39:32,746 --> 00:39:36,623 So, with epcot, you had this center core, 697 00:39:36,708 --> 00:39:38,541 which would have been the office buildings 698 00:39:38,585 --> 00:39:40,377 and live industry, 699 00:39:40,462 --> 00:39:42,587 and you had these concentric rings 700 00:39:42,672 --> 00:39:44,798 that radiated out from that, 701 00:39:44,883 --> 00:39:49,219 with greenbelts separating different areas, 702 00:39:49,262 --> 00:39:53,723 and this is very similar to the description that plato gave. 703 00:39:53,809 --> 00:39:56,893 And instead of greenbelts, they were waterways. 704 00:39:58,563 --> 00:40:02,148 Shatner: Was walt disney creating a modern-day atlantis, 705 00:40:02,234 --> 00:40:04,567 perhaps without even realizing it? 706 00:40:04,611 --> 00:40:06,569 Bossert: No one really knows 707 00:40:06,613 --> 00:40:09,781 what were those thoughts that floated through his head 708 00:40:09,866 --> 00:40:13,368 about the lost city of atlantis. 709 00:40:13,412 --> 00:40:15,412 What was he thinking about it? 710 00:40:15,455 --> 00:40:17,122 What did he believe? 711 00:40:17,207 --> 00:40:18,957 We'll never know that. 712 00:40:19,042 --> 00:40:22,293 I firmly believe that if walt disney 713 00:40:22,379 --> 00:40:24,921 had lived another 20 years, 714 00:40:24,965 --> 00:40:29,217 we may have seen his vision of epcot 715 00:40:29,261 --> 00:40:31,928 really be a modern-day version 716 00:40:32,013 --> 00:40:34,431 of the lost city of atlantis. 717 00:40:36,226 --> 00:40:37,600 ♪ ♪ 718 00:40:37,686 --> 00:40:40,061 mcneill: The idea of a utopian society 719 00:40:40,105 --> 00:40:44,023 has always captured imaginations. 720 00:40:44,109 --> 00:40:47,610 And the way that this intentionally planned community 721 00:40:47,696 --> 00:40:52,282 was conceived and designed and executed 722 00:40:52,367 --> 00:40:55,160 speaks to the power 723 00:40:55,245 --> 00:40:58,580 of those models of utopian societies that have come to us 724 00:40:58,665 --> 00:41:01,708 out of antiquity and tradition. 725 00:41:01,793 --> 00:41:04,627 Whether it's actually still there to be found, 726 00:41:04,671 --> 00:41:07,338 or whether it's been so badly destroyed 727 00:41:07,424 --> 00:41:09,382 that no evidence of it remains, 728 00:41:09,468 --> 00:41:11,801 what's really happened to atlantis, we don't know, 729 00:41:11,845 --> 00:41:14,596 but I think one day we'll find evidence of it. 730 00:41:17,309 --> 00:41:19,559 Could an advanced civilization, 731 00:41:19,644 --> 00:41:24,314 with technology beyond our wildest dreams, 732 00:41:24,399 --> 00:41:28,067 have existed here on earth thousands of years ago? 733 00:41:28,987 --> 00:41:31,654 It's certainly a compelling notion. 734 00:41:31,740 --> 00:41:36,159 But maybe atlantis was always meant to be a myth, 735 00:41:36,244 --> 00:41:40,288 a utopian city that was conceived as an elusive goal 736 00:41:40,373 --> 00:41:42,332 for mankind to achieve, 737 00:41:42,375 --> 00:41:45,919 like camelot or shangri-la. 738 00:41:46,004 --> 00:41:48,505 In any case, if atlantis did exist, 739 00:41:48,548 --> 00:41:50,757 let's hope that someday we find it. 740 00:41:50,842 --> 00:41:54,010 It would be a shame if all those legendary wonders 741 00:41:54,054 --> 00:41:58,056 stayed hidden and those secrets remained... 742 00:41:58,141 --> 00:42:00,099 Unexplained. 743 00:42:00,185 --> 00:42:06,065 Captioning provided by a+e networks