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NARRATOR: Egypt, the richest
source of archaeological
treasures on the planet.

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SALIMA: Oh, that's
a fabulous one!

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NARRATOR: Beneath this desert
landscape lie the secrets
of this ancient civilization.

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JOHN: Wow, you can see why
the pharaohs chose this place.

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NARRATOR: Now, for a full
season of excavations, our
cameras have unprecedented

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access to follow teams on the
frontline of archaeology...

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ASHRAF: I'm driving so fast
because I'm so excited!

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KATHLEEN: It's an entrance,we can see an entrance.

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NARRATOR: Revealing
buried secrets...

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ANTONIO: I have just
been told that they
have found something.

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DON: Oh my gosh.

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[laughs].

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JOHN: A sphinx!

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NARRATOR: And making
discoveries that could
rewrite ancient history.

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This time, the hunt for the
lost tomb of Queen Cleopatra.

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Colleen searches for clues
in the hieroglyphs...

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COLLEEN: Here we see
Cleopatra as the goddess Isis.

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NARRATOR: Alejandro
scans ancient mummies in
an Egyptian hospital...

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NARRATOR: And
Kathleen makes a startling
discovery deep underground.

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NARRATOR: Ancient Egypt,
a kingdom of great pharaohs
and a cradle of civilization.

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But after 3,000 years
this rule came to an
end with the last pharaoh,

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Queen Cleopatra.

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For centuries this enigmatic  woman has captured the
imagination of the world,

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but the location of her
tomb is still a mystery.

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Today archaeologists
across Egypt are on
the hunt for clues.

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Renowned Egyptologists Colleen   and John Darnell are experts   in decoding hieroglyphs,

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they're on their way to  the Valley of the Kings.

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COLLEEN: We're headed to the
location of the burials of

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nearly every pharaoh
of the New Kingdom.

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NARRATOR: The Valley
is a rabbit warren of
sixty-five hidden tombs.

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They form one of the
greatest royal
cemeteries in the world,

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but not all of
them are finished.

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JOHN: This morning we're
going to the unfinished
tomb of Ramses XI.

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It's the last tomb begun in
the Valley of the Kings, and
many times unfinished things

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in Egypt can actually tell
you a little bit more than
the completed product.

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NARRATOR: Ramses XI
reigned over 1,000
years before Cleopatra,

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but when he died his
tomb was never used.

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COLLEEN: So here you could
see just the initial phases
of the tomb decoration,

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but it's already a beautiful
depiction of Ramses XI.

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We know exactly who we're
looking at because of hiscartouches, his name rings,

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in front of his face.

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JOHN: Looks like they've
laid out what would've been
remarkable illustrations and,

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and texts early in the
initial part of the tomb.

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NARRATOR: The tomb of
Ramses XI is located in
the east of the

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Valley of the Kings.

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Its cavernous chambers
and pillared halls reveal
how the pharaoh should

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have been buried,
but the back of the
tomb is unfinished.

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After 500 years
of Egypt's kings and queens
being buried in the Valley,

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Ramses' tomb marks
the end of an era.

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Ramses XI abandoned
the Valley of the Kings,

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and no more pharaohs
were buried here.

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COLLEEN: This is very much the
end of a legacy, this is the
end of kings being buried in

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the Valley of the Kings,
but it's also the start of
something new,

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of continued royal burialthat really ends with Cleopatra.

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NARRATOR: Historians believe
this royal burial site was
abandoned because of looting,

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but no one has found the
cemetery for the last
pharaohs of Egypt,

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Cleopatra and
her family line.

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So where could it be?

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After the Valley fell out
of use eventually Egypt's

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seat of power
shifted north to Alexandria.

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The last great dynasty of
pharaohs established their
capital here to exploit

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trade across
the Mediterranean Sea.

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Archaeologist Dr. Ross Thomas
from the British Museum
is here exploring the ancient

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capital for evidence that
could lead to Cleopatra.

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ROSS: The ancient city housed
about half a million people
during the first century BC

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and it was one of the most
important ancient ports

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and ancient cities
of the Mediterranean.

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NARRATOR: The port city
of Alexandria was founded
by Alexander the Great

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who conquered Egypt
2,300 years ago.

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It was famed for its palaces,
statues, its library, and a
colossal lighthouse standing

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over 350 feet tall, one
of the seven wonders
of the ancient world.

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During this time,
Egypt was ruled by the
successors of Alexander,

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the Greek pharaohs
called the Ptolemies,

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but this family line ended   when the country was eventually   conquered by Rome,

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leaving the last pharaoh
of Egypt Queen Cleopatra.

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Many archaeologists think
Cleopatra will be found in a
royal cemetery somewhere in

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Alexandria, the capital
built by her own family...

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but searching
here is difficult.

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The ancient city was hit by
a series of earthquakes and

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much of it now
lies beneath the waves.

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ROSS: So do we
have weights here?

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MAN: Yes.

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NARRATOR: Professor
Emad Khalil from Alexandria
University began exploring

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the sunken city over twenty
years ago, keeping an eagle
eye out for Cleopatra's tomb.

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EMAD: This has not been found
obviously in Alexandria yet,

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but as we always say
beneath Alexandria there
are other Alexandrias.

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Okay.

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NARRATOR: The evidence of
Cleopatra's ancient capital
is strewn across the seabed.

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Shards of pottery,
huge columns,

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fallen obelisks,
and what they believe is one

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of the doorways to
the famous lighthouse.

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ROSS: There was scores of
columns and column bases,
hundreds of blocks,

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really large
structural blocks.

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EMAD: I think we managed
to see a part of an obelisk,

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and part of a
doorway of the lighthouse,

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so it is, it's really,
really something.

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ROSS: Yeah.

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NARRATOR: Every
dive provides new data for
Emad and Ross to research,

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but there's no
sign of Cleopatra or
her family's graves.

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EMAD: Well you'd assume
that they'd want to be
buried in their own city.

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Normally what you
have is a royal cemetery
with all the burials

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for the kings and queens.

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NARRATOR: But what if
Cleopatra wasn't buried
in Alexandria at all?

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One woman thinks   everyone has been looking  in the wrong place.

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Thirty miles west of
Alexandria in an ancient city
called Taposiris Magna,

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there is a
little-known temple.

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Here Kathleen Martinez,
a qualified lawyer turned
archaeologist, is on a quest.

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KATHLEEN: So this is one
of the exciting moments
of an excavation.

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NARRATOR: For the past decade   she has been building a case   that Queen Cleopatra is buried

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beneath this temple.

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KATHLEEN: I want to
be an archaeologist
since I was a child,

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but my parents convinced
me to study law, and I
became a lawyer.

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But all this knowledge and
this information that I had
as a lawyer I combine with

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archaeology, and this is
how I follow Cleopatra's
steps to Taposiris Magna.

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NARRATOR: Kathleen is from
the Dominican Republic in the
Caribbean, but thirteen years

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ago she gave up her law
work and started excavating
here at the temple.

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KATHLEEN: We have uncovered so
many important structures that
prove this temple functioned

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as a temple during the
time of Queen Cleopatra
and the Greek pharaohs.

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So this could be
the perfect place for
Cleopatra's lost tomb.

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NARRATOR: At the age of
eighteen, Cleopatra became
pharaoh when her father

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Ptolemy the twelfth died.

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She went on to rule
for twenty-one years.

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Faced with the threat of a
Roman invasion, she formed
alliances with the enemy,

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first wooing Julius Caesar
and bearing his child,

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followed by a   relationship with Mark Antony.

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But in 31 BC
the Roman navy, led by
Octavian, attacked Egypt.

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To avoid capture, legend
has it that Cleopatra
committed suicide with

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the bite of
a venomous snake.

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KATHLEEN: She threatened Rome
and Romans were afraid of her.

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She thought she could
conquer the world, even
though she was a woman.

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She was a warrior, and she
achieved the impossible, and
this is why she is my heroine

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and I will try to
do everything I can
to find her tomb.

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NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
Cleopatra could be buried
somewhere around the site.

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This season, she has
a promising lead 300 feet
outside the temple walls;

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a strange
hollow in the ground.

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KATHLEEN: We found
a cut, it's a cut in the
bedrock, it's a shaft,

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and we are trying to find
out what, where it lead us.

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NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
the shaft could lead to
Cleopatra's lost tomb,

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hidden deep underground,
but trying to excavate
this site is dangerous.

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KATHLEEN: It's dangerous
because if the bucket turned
around it could hit the guys

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which are down there.

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NARRATOR: With the potential
to break through into an
underground cavity,

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they're worried the
floor of the shaft
could suddenly collapse.

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KATHLEEN: It's an entrance,
we can see an entrance.

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NARRATOR: It's a
huge discovery.

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The shaft leads to an
underground tunnel.

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KATHLEEN: It's so exciting.

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I need to see
what is in there.

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It has been hidden
for 2,000 years.

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NARRATOR: Across Egypt, the   hunt for lost tombs continues.

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500 miles south of Alexandria
is the ancient city of Aswan.

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It's here that
Spanish archaeologist
Alejandro Jiménez-Serrano

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leads a large
mission working at
the ancient necropolis

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of Qubbet el-Hawa.

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The site is home to one
of the largest sets of
intact tombs in Egypt.

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Alejandro is
searching for unmarked
graves and lost tombs.

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[speaking in native language].

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This sprawling site is even
older than the Valley of the
Kings, and is thought to be

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the burial site of
many wealthy nobles.

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Today he's working in one of   the ancient tombs, trying to   identify who was buried there.

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ALEJANDRO: Unfortunately,
it has no inscriptions so we
don't the owner or the family

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who occupy this tomb.

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We can only say which period,
when it was built,

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because of the style.

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NARRATOR: But deep inside
this tomb the team has just
unearthed two buried mummies.

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As they clear away the
sand, Alejandro makes
a startling discovery;

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it's the edge of a beautiful
golden death mask.

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ALEJANDRO: Wow!

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NARRATOR: Death masks are
often made of layers of linen
or recycled papyrus, and then

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soaked in plaster.

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This forms a tough
material a bit like paper
mache, called cartonnage.

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While still wet, the
cartonnage is molded to
resemble the face of the

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deceased, and then painted.

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Often the name of the person   was written on the mask, along   with inscriptions to help

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transport the deceased
into the afterlife.

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This ancient funeral
practice continued for
over 2,000 years,

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right up to
the time of Cleopatra.

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ALEJANDRO: And the quality
of the cartonnage is,
is amazing, the, the colors,

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and it has text and it seemsthat it will be possible to readthe name of the original owner.

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NARRATOR: But before
Alejandro can try to put
a name to this ancient body,

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his team will need
to extract the fragile mask.

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They use soft paintbrushes   to remove the sand grain by   grain, and then strengthen the

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mask with paper
coated with resin to
stop it from breaking.

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ALEJANDRO: It's a privilege
and it's amazing to, to have
the opportunity to,

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to work with untouched material.

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NARRATOR: Back at
Taposiris Magna...

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KATHLEEN: They take
such good care of me.

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They are not used to women
going down the shaft.

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NARRATOR: Kathleen
Martinez is descending into
a 2,000-year-old shaft.

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00:16:37,600 --> 00:16:39,600
KATHLEEN: Yes.
Going down.

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NARRATOR: She believes it
could lead her to the lost
tomb of Queen Cleopatra.

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00:16:47,400 --> 00:16:49,600
But there's a problem.

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KATHLEEN: God! The
tunnels are full of water.

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NARRATOR: The vertical shaft
descends twenty-feet down and
leads to two narrow tunnels.

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00:17:00,920 --> 00:17:06,240
KATHLEEN: We have tunnel
which is perfectly
cut in the bedrock.

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00:17:07,200 --> 00:17:13,600
One it seems to lead
to the north, and the
other goes to the south.

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NARRATOR: The fact that the
tunnels are flooded makes
any further exploration very

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00:17:24,120 --> 00:17:27,400
difficult, but Kathleen
is determined to push on.

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KATHLEEN: Okay, look.

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Oh God, so creepy, look!

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At the end of the
tunnel there is a door,

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but it's almost completely
covered with water.

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NARRATOR: Now she
can see the quality of the
stonework and how much effort

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it would've taken to create
these tunnels.

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00:17:50,360 --> 00:17:54,200
Kathleen is sure they must
lead to somewhere important.

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00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:59,640
KATHLEEN: I tried to go inside
but then the, the level is
deeper and I almost fall down,

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00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:05,280
so I need to pump
up the water.

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00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:10,160
I have to, I have to
explore this door.

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♪

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[speaking in native language]

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NARRATOR: Kathleen will need
to find a water pump before
she can explore the flooded

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tunnels any further.

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00:18:37,800 --> 00:18:41,560
KATHLEEN: You cannot walk
there, or crawl, because of
the water, it's, it's unsafe.

214
00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:47,040
It will one of the
greatest adventures in the
excavation now because we

215
00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:50,480
need to know what is in there.

216
00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:55,200
NARRATOR: Kathleen is
convinced Cleopatra's lost
tomb is hidden somewhere

217
00:18:55,240 --> 00:18:57,440
around this site.

218
00:18:57,480 --> 00:19:02,280
She has evidence the
temple is linked to the
Egyptian goddess Isis.

219
00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:06,280
Kathleen thinks this is
her biggest clue so far.

220
00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:10,640
KATHLEEN: We have
archaeological evidence that
the temple was maybe the most

221
00:19:10,680 --> 00:19:14,240
important religious
center for Isis in the north,

222
00:19:14,680 --> 00:19:19,040
and the thing we know
about Queen Cleopatra is

223
00:19:19,080 --> 00:19:22,200
that she was buried
in a temple of Isis.

224
00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:27,040
So it could be a perfect place
for Cleopatra's lost tomb.

225
00:19:30,360 --> 00:19:34,080
NARRATOR: But who was
Isis, and how is she
connected to Cleopatra?

226
00:19:41,560 --> 00:19:46,680
380 miles south
of Taposiris Magna on the
banks of the river Nile,

227
00:19:47,760 --> 00:19:51,360
parts of this vast temple
site are dedicated to Isis,

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00:19:52,160 --> 00:19:54,760
who was a well-loved
Egyptian goddess in

229
00:19:54,800 --> 00:19:57,320
Cleopatra's time.

230
00:19:59,480 --> 00:20:04,160
It's here
that Dr. Colleen Darnell
continues her own search for

231
00:20:04,200 --> 00:20:08,560
clues to Cleopatra's life,
written in the hieroglyphs.

232
00:20:10,240 --> 00:20:13,320
COLLEEN: We're walkingto the temple at Dendera,
and one of the most

233
00:20:13,360 --> 00:20:16,960
significant scenes here is
a depiction of Cleopatra.

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00:20:26,000 --> 00:20:29,320
NARRATOR:
The temple was first
built 2,000-years ago and

235
00:20:29,360 --> 00:20:34,000
became a major
place of worship for
ordinary Egyptians.

236
00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:36,200
Through the centuries,

237
00:20:36,240 --> 00:20:39,680
a succession
of pharaohs carved their
names and images here so

238
00:20:39,720 --> 00:20:43,080
they could be worshipped,
including Cleopatra.

239
00:20:47,640 --> 00:20:51,120
COLLEEN: So the title here
is lord of the two lands,

240
00:20:51,160 --> 00:20:55,440
referring to Upper and
Lower Egypt, Cleo-pat-ra.

241
00:20:57,160 --> 00:21:01,160
NARRATOR: Cleopatra
made a shrewd decision;
on the temple she wears

242
00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:05,040
the symbolic headdress of Isis.

243
00:21:05,080 --> 00:21:10,000
COLLEEN: Here we see the
famous representation of
Cleopatra as Goddess Isis.

244
00:21:11,120 --> 00:21:14,160
Here we have Cleopatra
and her son Caesarion.

245
00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:17,520
So Cleopatra has a long wig,

246
00:21:17,560 --> 00:21:21,600
the horns and sun disk, and
ostrich feathers behind that.

247
00:21:23,280 --> 00:21:27,280
NARRATOR: Cleopatra
wanted to be seen by
her subjects as the earthly

248
00:21:27,320 --> 00:21:30,000
incarnation of Isis.

249
00:21:30,200 --> 00:21:33,320
She was making a
profound connection with
one of the most popular

250
00:21:33,360 --> 00:21:36,320
goddesses of the time.

251
00:21:38,200 --> 00:21:43,320
Isis was famed for  her powers of healing and
protection and was adored by

252
00:21:43,360 --> 00:21:46,240
both Egyptians and Greeks.

253
00:21:48,120 --> 00:21:53,920
By immortalizing herself
as Isis on the temple wall,
Cleopatra hoped to keep the

254
00:21:53,960 --> 00:21:58,040
full support and love of
her people, and it worked.

255
00:22:01,400 --> 00:22:05,960
COLLEEN: For Cleopatra
to step into the role of
Isis really proclaimed her

256
00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:09,360
identity as divine ruler.

257
00:22:14,480 --> 00:22:16,520
NARRATOR: At Taposiris Magna,

258
00:22:16,560 --> 00:22:19,600
Kathleen thinks
Cleopatra's Isis
connection could mean

259
00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:23,000
she's buried somewhere
beneath the temple.

260
00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:28,200
Now, the team is pumping
out the water from the
flooded underground tunnels,

261
00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:31,800
but it's going to take a
while before she can explore.

262
00:22:32,240 --> 00:22:34,240
KATHLEEN: It's working.

263
00:22:34,280 --> 00:22:36,880
Alhamdulillah.

264
00:22:37,240 --> 00:22:39,400
It's a big relief
to see it working.

265
00:22:39,440 --> 00:22:43,480
Imagine, today or
tomorrow we, we're going
to be able to, to explore.

266
00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:46,560
It's so exciting!

267
00:22:46,600 --> 00:22:50,800
NARRATOR: Kathleen believes
Cleopatra could be buried
in an underground chamber,

268
00:22:50,840 --> 00:22:53,120
and the tunnels
could lead her to it.

269
00:22:53,160 --> 00:22:56,840
She originally found
the location of the shaft
using radar technology,

270
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:01,080
but with the potential
for a huge discovery
just feet away,

271
00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:03,400
she has brought
in more sensitive

272
00:23:03,440 --> 00:23:06,400
military-grade equipment to
look deeper into the rock.

273
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:11,040
KATHLEEN: For me the
future of the excavation is
ground-penetrating radar.

274
00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:16,200
It's a technology that was
used for military purposes,
searching for tunnels and

275
00:23:16,240 --> 00:23:20,840
searching for cavities, and
this technology is perfect
for what I am looking for.

276
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:25,960
So we, we can work here,
make a profile here?

277
00:23:27,640 --> 00:23:32,360
NARRATOR: As they move
the radar scanner along,
it fires radio wave pulses

278
00:23:32,400 --> 00:23:35,240
into the ground.

279
00:23:38,160 --> 00:23:41,120
MAN: So here we are going about,about 15 meter depth.

280
00:23:42,400 --> 00:23:46,080
NARRATOR: The data from   the scan will have to be  sent away for analysis.

281
00:23:47,400 --> 00:23:50,360
It should reveal any hollow
cavities hidden underground,

282
00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:53,920
and possibly even the location

283
00:23:53,960 --> 00:23:56,320
of Cleopatra's burial chamber.

284
00:23:56,360 --> 00:23:59,800
KATHLEEN: I always, you
know, so excited about this.

285
00:24:02,280 --> 00:24:07,040
NARRATOR: Back at the   excavation site, everything   is resting on the team pumping

286
00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:10,680
the water from the
underground tunnels.

287
00:24:16,200 --> 00:24:18,760
NARRATOR: While work
continues at the dig,

288
00:24:18,800 --> 00:24:20,120
in Cairo,

289
00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:23,120
Kathleen is attending an
important event.

290
00:24:24,760 --> 00:24:25,840
WOMAN: It's nice.

291
00:24:25,880 --> 00:24:27,760
KATHLEEN: It,
what do you think?

292
00:24:27,800 --> 00:24:29,320
WOMAN: It's nice, oh my God!

293
00:24:29,360 --> 00:24:34,000
NARRATOR: At the Egyptian   Museum, hundreds of Kathleen's   finds have been chosen

294
00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:36,760
to go on display
for the very first time.

295
00:24:37,760 --> 00:24:40,960
They all come from her
site at Taposiris Magna,

296
00:24:41,000 --> 00:24:43,880
unearthed over ten
years of excavation.

297
00:24:44,520 --> 00:24:49,360
Kathleen believes   each piece adds further weight   to her theory that Cleopatra

298
00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:51,840
could be buried there.

299
00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:54,920
KATHLEEN: We, we discover
around 200 coins.

300
00:24:55,880 --> 00:25:01,080
For example, this is a
coin of Queen Cleopatra.

301
00:25:02,560 --> 00:25:06,760
Can you imagine that I've been
searching for Queen Cleopatra
and this is the first time I

302
00:25:06,800 --> 00:25:11,280
was face to face with my
heroine, it was a moment
so exciting in excavation.

303
00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:15,800
Yes, we are going
to change this one.

304
00:25:15,840 --> 00:25:17,080
WOMAN: This one?
I get it.

305
00:25:17,120 --> 00:25:19,080
KATHLEEN: For this one, yes.

306
00:25:19,120 --> 00:25:23,040
I was thinking now,
when I was a kid in the
Dominican Republic and

307
00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:28,000
I dream one day to
make discoveries in Egypt,

308
00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:31,280
and everybody in Dominican,

309
00:25:31,320 --> 00:25:35,040
my teachers, my parents,told me this will never happen,

310
00:25:35,080 --> 00:25:39,240
and now we are
presenting 350 objects.

311
00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:53,360
NARRATOR: For
someone who started as
an amateur archaeologist,

312
00:25:53,400 --> 00:25:58,120
Kathleen now has the eyes of   the world looking at her finds.

313
00:25:58,880 --> 00:26:02,120
KATHLEEN: We had a
desire to change history.

314
00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:06,800
It's one of the greatest
moments in my life.

315
00:26:07,720 --> 00:26:12,920
Of course, the exhibition,
it's only a presentation
of work, but the real work,

316
00:26:12,960 --> 00:26:17,520
the one we're really excited
about, is to be onsite and,
and continue searching.

317
00:26:23,320 --> 00:26:27,040
NARRATOR: Back at
the dig site, there's a
problem with the water pump.

318
00:26:32,840 --> 00:26:34,040
KATHLEEN: Mohamed,
what happened?

319
00:26:38,200 --> 00:26:40,120
KATHLEEN: Cut?
MOHAMED Cut, yeah.

320
00:26:40,440 --> 00:26:41,760
KATHLEEN: It's
not working now?

321
00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:47,120
KATHLEEN: Can you imagine
after all this effort
now there's no electricity

322
00:26:47,160 --> 00:26:51,840
in the area, and only a
few hours left today and next,

323
00:26:52,800 --> 00:26:55,080
and tomorrow, that's it.

324
00:26:55,120 --> 00:26:58,800
NARRATOR: Kathleen's
government permit to
dig at the site only lasts

325
00:26:58,840 --> 00:27:01,080
for one more day.

326
00:27:01,120 --> 00:27:05,000
She's now racing against
the clock to explore
the underground tunnels.

327
00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:12,160
KATHLEEN: We face so many
challenges, but we don't,
we, we never give up.

328
00:27:22,520 --> 00:27:26,160
NARRATOR: At the
4,000-year old necropolis
of Qubbet el-Hawa...

329
00:27:26,600 --> 00:27:28,560
[speaking in native language].

330
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:32,560
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
team has unearthed a very
rare death mask made of a

331
00:27:32,600 --> 00:27:35,080
material called cartonnage.

332
00:27:35,360 --> 00:27:39,640
He hopes the mask will
tell him the name of the
person buried in the tomb,

333
00:27:40,240 --> 00:27:43,960
but decoding the hieroglyphs   is proving difficult.

334
00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:48,120
ALEJANDRO: I cannot
read properly the,
the, all the signs.

335
00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:53,400
It will be
better to do it after the
consolidation and cleaning.

336
00:27:55,800 --> 00:27:59,160
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
team has started
the painstaking process of

337
00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:01,600
extracting the mask.

338
00:28:02,760 --> 00:28:05,800
Their job is made even
harder because it's embedded

339
00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:08,120
under the bones of its owner.

340
00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:14,120
ALEJANDRO: It's quite a
delicate moment because we
have human remains that are

341
00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:18,120
touching and we don't want
to destroy the cartonnage.

342
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:24,160
MARTINA: They are taking
off the cartonnage.

343
00:28:26,480 --> 00:28:28,720
NARRATOR: The ancient
mask is carefully removed,

344
00:28:28,760 --> 00:28:32,480
but comes out in
several parts, held
together with resin and

345
00:28:32,520 --> 00:28:35,080
paper to prevent
any further damage.

346
00:28:35,680 --> 00:28:38,120
MARTINA: It is really amazing.

347
00:28:38,160 --> 00:28:40,120
[speaking in native language].

348
00:28:41,320 --> 00:28:43,720
And I'm simply now checking
if there was name or not.

349
00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:46,720
Yes, there are
more hieroglyphs.

350
00:28:47,560 --> 00:28:53,880
ALEJANDRO: Here is
the name, it's for the
soul of Seti Hacaib a Inet.

351
00:28:55,560 --> 00:28:58,640
NARRATOR: Alejandro
can now put a name
to the unknown body,

352
00:28:59,560 --> 00:29:03,520
but he still doesn't
know the persons job,
or role in society.

353
00:29:04,400 --> 00:29:08,160
ALEJANDRO: We have
now to look in the, in
the publications to see

354
00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:13,200
if we have any reference
in the neighborhood or
in other documents,

355
00:29:13,240 --> 00:29:16,320
and but it, it's amazing.

356
00:29:16,840 --> 00:29:21,760
NARRATOR: The death mask
is now taken to their on-site
lab for further analysis.

357
00:29:22,360 --> 00:29:26,720
The team will try to
piece it back together
like a jigsaw puzzle.

358
00:29:26,760 --> 00:29:31,360
There could still be more
secrets to be revealed
about this mysterious man.

359
00:29:36,120 --> 00:29:40,320
In Aswan, on the
other side of the site,
Alejandro has unearthed

360
00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:43,800
several mummies still intact.

361
00:29:43,840 --> 00:29:47,680
He's searching for
clues to their identity,
which may lie hidden within

362
00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:49,920
the ancient bandages,

363
00:29:49,960 --> 00:29:53,960
but to keep
them intact archaeologists
are no longer allowed to

364
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:56,520
open up the wrappings.

365
00:29:56,560 --> 00:30:00,280
ALEJANDRO: 100 years
ago it was common just
to cut the wrappings.

366
00:30:01,200 --> 00:30:07,480
Today we are lucky to
have non-invasive techniques,
and the idea is that we are

367
00:30:08,320 --> 00:30:14,720
going to take to the universityhospital in Aswan where theyhave very good CT scans.

368
00:30:17,840 --> 00:30:23,040
NARRATOR: By scanning the
bodies, Alejandro hopes to
examine how they died, and

369
00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:27,040
also to see if
there are any funerary
objects hidden inside.

370
00:30:27,560 --> 00:30:32,280
ALEJANDRO: We have the
possibility that he could have
a dagger or a metal object

371
00:30:32,320 --> 00:30:38,720
inside, we could confirm
the age of death, if he
suffer any kind of disease.

372
00:30:39,680 --> 00:30:42,480
Definitely the CT scan will
tell us a lot of information.

373
00:30:49,560 --> 00:30:54,120
NARRATOR: In the Valley of
the Kings, John and Colleen
Darnell continue their search

374
00:30:54,160 --> 00:30:58,480
for clues to Cleopatra's
life and untimely death.

375
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:05,080
Deep in the tomb of Pharaoh
Seti I the first, they're
examining inscriptions that

376
00:31:05,120 --> 00:31:10,680
could shed light on
how Cleopatra chose
to commit suicide.

377
00:31:19,440 --> 00:31:21,680
The tombs of the
Valley of the Kings were

378
00:31:21,720 --> 00:31:24,880
built during a golden age
in Egyptian civilization.

379
00:31:26,440 --> 00:31:29,840
Treasures and
decorations reveal
the symbolism that played

380
00:31:29,880 --> 00:31:32,560
a key role in
their belief system.

381
00:31:33,080 --> 00:31:38,080
The tomb of Pharaoh
Seti the first lies in the
southeast of the Valley,

382
00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:41,520
it's the deepest and most
widely decorated.

383
00:31:42,160 --> 00:31:46,600
Painted on its walls
are images of gods and
goddesses who lay at the

384
00:31:46,640 --> 00:31:49,520
heart of Egyptian society.

385
00:31:49,800 --> 00:31:53,720
Forming a belief
system that continued
until Cleopatra's time.

386
00:31:57,600 --> 00:32:01,440
COLLEEN: Here deep in
the tomb of Seti I we
see a fantastic depiction of

387
00:32:01,480 --> 00:32:03,560
the goddess Wadjet,

388
00:32:04,040 --> 00:32:07,960
she's labelled here in
the hieroglyphs and she
is the cobra who sits on the

389
00:32:08,000 --> 00:32:09,760
brow of the king.

390
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:13,720
NARRATOR: Wadjet was
the protector of Egypt
and of its pharaohs.

391
00:32:13,760 --> 00:32:17,320
She often took the form
of a snake, usually
an Egyptian cobra.

392
00:32:18,880 --> 00:32:23,480
Legend has it that Cleopatra
killed herself with the
bite of a venomous snake

393
00:32:24,040 --> 00:32:27,280
when trapped by the
invading Roman army.

394
00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:32,240
COLLEEN: This depiction is
over 1,000 years before the
suicide of Cleopatra, and the

395
00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:36,760
fact that she chooses
this ancient symbol of the
pharaohs, the asp, the cobra,

396
00:32:37,520 --> 00:32:41,480
to commit suicide,
she's taking the
ultimate royal symbol,

397
00:32:42,160 --> 00:32:47,320
she wants to be linked in
to the earlier, the deep,
ancient past of Egypt.

398
00:32:49,560 --> 00:32:52,840
NARRATOR: Cleopatra,
through her life and death,

399
00:32:52,880 --> 00:32:56,360
was obsessed with the
traditions of ancient Egypt.

400
00:32:59,960 --> 00:33:04,320
At Taposiris Magna,
Kathleen believes she's
getting ever closer to

401
00:33:04,360 --> 00:33:07,280
finding Cleopatra's lost tomb.

402
00:33:08,040 --> 00:33:11,640
As the dig season is
coming to an end, she's
desperate to see if the

403
00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:15,240
underground tunnels lead to
a burial chamber.

404
00:33:16,720 --> 00:33:17,880
KATHLEEN: Is it working?

405
00:33:20,640 --> 00:33:24,280
NARRATOR: Her team
has now been pumping
out water for two days,

406
00:33:24,320 --> 00:33:27,400
but power cuts have
severely hindered progress.

407
00:33:31,360 --> 00:33:36,560
KATHLEEN: Maybe we, we can,
I can go down and try to
see and I will explore.

408
00:33:40,560 --> 00:33:42,120
MAN: Shall we start?

409
00:33:42,160 --> 00:33:45,880
KATHLEEN: Uh-huh.
I am ready.

410
00:33:49,440 --> 00:33:50,920
Okay.

411
00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:52,560
MAN: Bye bye.

412
00:34:07,000 --> 00:34:10,600
NARRATOR: This is the
first time Kathleen has been
able to explore the tunnels.

413
00:34:16,360 --> 00:34:20,040
NARRATOR: She starts
with the one leading
away from the temple.

414
00:34:46,840 --> 00:34:50,840
NARRATOR: With the
way forward still flooded
Kathleen has to turn back.

415
00:34:52,400 --> 00:34:55,160
She now explores
the second tunnel.

416
00:35:40,680 --> 00:35:43,520
NARRATOR: These
tunnels would have taken
months or even years to

417
00:35:43,560 --> 00:35:45,560
carve out by hand.

418
00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:48,320
KATHLEEN: Uh! Alhamdulillah.

419
00:35:49,120 --> 00:35:50,720
MAN: Hamdulillah.

420
00:35:50,760 --> 00:35:53,200
NARRATOR: Kathleen
believes they must lead
somewhere important.

421
00:35:53,240 --> 00:35:57,040
KATHLEEN: It was incredible.

422
00:35:57,480 --> 00:36:03,160
Now we know a lot about
this shaft, unfortunately
we could not see the

423
00:36:04,160 --> 00:36:07,680
end of this tunnel,
there was a lot of water.

424
00:36:07,920 --> 00:36:11,280
NARRATOR: With her
permit about to expire,
Kathleen's excavation must

425
00:36:11,320 --> 00:36:13,160
come to an end,

426
00:36:13,200 --> 00:36:16,320
but there is still a
chance that the data from
the ground-penetrating

427
00:36:16,360 --> 00:36:20,320
radar might reveal if the
tunnels lead to a tomb.

428
00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:24,600
KATHLEEN: Now we are
waiting for the GPR results,

429
00:36:25,040 --> 00:36:28,120
so I have to be
patient and, and wait.

430
00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:43,200
NARRATOR: In Aswan,
Alejandro is preparing
for a night-time mission.

431
00:36:43,800 --> 00:36:48,480
He's about to transport six
ancient mummies across the
city to a local hospital.

432
00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:54,080
He's arranged to use
their medical scanner
after hours to see what may

433
00:36:54,120 --> 00:36:56,960
lie hidden inside
these ancient bodies.

434
00:37:03,040 --> 00:37:06,320
NARRATOR: For security,
a police escort
joins the convoy.

435
00:37:17,120 --> 00:37:23,120
To try to know something
about how they were buried,

436
00:37:23,520 --> 00:37:27,080
the pathologies,
the possible diseases
that they suffer,

437
00:37:27,120 --> 00:37:30,080
the cause of death, gender, age.

438
00:37:30,320 --> 00:37:33,320
NARRATOR: The C-T
scanner should be able to
see through the wrappings

439
00:37:33,360 --> 00:37:35,000
to the bones below,

440
00:37:35,040 --> 00:37:39,160
but Alejandro is still
worried about damaging
the fragile remains.

441
00:37:39,840 --> 00:37:42,160
ALEJANDRO: Mummies
are very delicate,

442
00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:45,640
so you have to
think that they,
they have been wrapped

443
00:37:45,680 --> 00:37:48,040
more than 2,000 years ago,

444
00:37:48,840 --> 00:37:51,120
so they might
suffer damages.

445
00:37:51,720 --> 00:37:54,160
Well, let's go.

446
00:37:56,520 --> 00:37:58,280
Hello?

447
00:37:58,320 --> 00:38:00,200
Inshallah.

448
00:38:00,240 --> 00:38:04,000
We, yeah, yeah, yeah,
we, we will arrive in five,
ten minutes maximum, okay?

449
00:38:04,360 --> 00:38:06,120
Ooph.

450
00:38:08,040 --> 00:38:11,920
We have to, to take
this opportunity to get as
much information as possible,

451
00:38:13,200 --> 00:38:15,560
so we will see.

452
00:38:19,000 --> 00:38:22,880
NARRATOR: Alejandro's
night-time activities have
attracted the attention

453
00:38:22,920 --> 00:38:25,080
of the local press.

454
00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:30,600
ALEJANDRO: I will ask
to the journalists please
to leave to the specialists

455
00:38:30,640 --> 00:38:32,600
to make their work.

456
00:38:32,640 --> 00:38:34,600
MAN: Please, which one we
will start now, which one?

457
00:38:34,640 --> 00:38:36,360
ALEJANDRO: Yeah, this one.

458
00:38:36,400 --> 00:38:39,040
MAN: Thank you, okay.

459
00:38:40,040 --> 00:38:41,080
You're ready?

460
00:38:41,120 --> 00:38:43,120
ALEJANDRO: Yes.

461
00:38:43,160 --> 00:38:47,000
NARRATOR: The mummies   are wrapped in cloth for added   protection inside the scanner.

462
00:38:48,560 --> 00:38:52,840
It works by taking
a series of x-rays at
different angles to create

463
00:38:52,880 --> 00:38:54,960
a three-dimensional
image of the body.

464
00:38:58,880 --> 00:39:02,840
ALEJANDRO: We are
just checking if the
scan was done right.

465
00:39:03,160 --> 00:39:06,120
NARRATOR: So far, very little
is known about these mummies,

466
00:39:06,160 --> 00:39:09,240
like how they died,
and whether they were
old or young.

467
00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:13,200
Alejandro is
trying to piece
together their identities,

468
00:39:13,240 --> 00:39:16,520
hoping to discover
any new clues to make
sense of their lives,

469
00:39:17,200 --> 00:39:19,000
and ultimately,
their deaths.

470
00:39:22,120 --> 00:39:26,000
The first analysis
of the body shows that he
was over 60 when he died.

471
00:39:28,200 --> 00:39:31,040
So now I have to choose
who is going to be the next.

472
00:39:33,160 --> 00:39:35,120
Okay? Let's go.

473
00:39:39,840 --> 00:39:42,920
Well, now we have
something very interesting.

474
00:39:44,360 --> 00:39:49,200
Interpreted that the mummy
was going to be a man, but
it seems that it is a woman.

475
00:39:50,280 --> 00:39:53,200
We didn't, we
didn't expect that.

476
00:39:57,240 --> 00:39:59,360
NARRATOR: As the final
body enters the scanner,

477
00:39:59,400 --> 00:40:02,000
the archaeologists
spot something amazing.

478
00:40:05,840 --> 00:40:07,320
WOMAN: Si.

479
00:40:08,040 --> 00:40:09,960
ALEJANDRO: We have amulets.

480
00:40:10,000 --> 00:40:13,080
Together with the scarab,
a wing, winged scarab.

481
00:40:14,080 --> 00:40:15,760
MAN: Sign of Horus.

482
00:40:15,800 --> 00:40:17,120
ALEJANDRO: Ah-ha.

483
00:40:17,160 --> 00:40:19,720
[speaking in native language].

484
00:40:19,960 --> 00:40:24,440
NARRATOR: The scan reveals
an elaborate carved amulet in
the shape of a scarab beetle.

485
00:40:25,760 --> 00:40:30,440
Funerary amulets were often
used by the elite to protect
the soul of the deceased,

486
00:40:32,200 --> 00:40:34,960
and the scarab beetle
symbolized rebirth.

487
00:40:37,080 --> 00:40:41,840
The scarab was placed
over the position of the
heart and often had spells

488
00:40:41,880 --> 00:40:44,000
written on it.

489
00:40:44,640 --> 00:40:48,920
These spells gave
instructions to the person's
heart to help them during the

490
00:40:48,960 --> 00:40:51,000
judgement of their soul.

491
00:40:55,200 --> 00:41:00,080
ALEJANDRO: It's the first time
that I can see them in the,
in the position in,

492
00:41:00,560 --> 00:41:03,320
in its position in the
body, so, exciting.

493
00:41:04,160 --> 00:41:08,120
NARRATOR: Out of the
nine mummies Alejandro's
team have scanned,

494
00:41:08,160 --> 00:41:12,720
this is the only one to
have an amulet still
in its original position.

495
00:41:13,560 --> 00:41:18,120
With such a precious
find, Alejandro can wrap
up his night on a high.

496
00:41:20,080 --> 00:41:24,280
ALEJANDRO: Now it's 12:00 and,
hmm, I'm completely exhausted.

497
00:41:29,720 --> 00:41:31,280
Thank you.

498
00:41:34,440 --> 00:41:36,320
NARRATOR: At Taposiris Magna,

499
00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:40,600
Kathleen has received
news about her radar
search for Cleopatra's tomb.

500
00:41:41,760 --> 00:41:45,760
KATHLEEN: Today is the
last day and the people which
are doing the, the radar,

501
00:41:45,800 --> 00:41:48,640
they're bringing the result andthey just told me,

502
00:41:49,160 --> 00:41:52,160
"We have great news for you."

503
00:41:57,200 --> 00:42:01,680
So tell me what is
the good news we have?

504
00:42:10,760 --> 00:42:12,600
KATHLEEN: Possible chamber?
MAN: Yes.

505
00:42:13,080 --> 00:42:16,600
KATHLEEN: Wow.
MAN: Yes.
KATHLEEN: I'm going to cry.

506
00:42:18,200 --> 00:42:21,120
Really, I'm trying to,
I'm so happy.

507
00:42:22,800 --> 00:42:27,080
It could be anything buried
there but I feel it's,
it's what I'm looking for.

508
00:42:30,680 --> 00:42:35,080
NARRATOR: Kathleen's scans
reveal a thirty-foot-wide
cavity directly beneath the

509
00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:37,200
entrance to the temple.

510
00:42:38,560 --> 00:42:45,080
It would have taken ancient   workers a monumental effort to   build, and if it's a tomb it

511
00:42:45,480 --> 00:42:48,200
must be the tomb of
someone important.

512
00:42:51,240 --> 00:42:57,280
This could be the perfect
hiding place for the last
queen of Egypt, Cleopatra.

513
00:42:57,840 --> 00:43:02,320
The tomb could hold her
royal treasures, and its
discovery would be one of

514
00:43:02,360 --> 00:43:06,760
the greatest finds in the
history of archaeology.

515
00:43:08,080 --> 00:43:10,560
KATHLEEN: So the
room is big, and this...

516
00:43:10,600 --> 00:43:14,840
MAN: Ten meters.KATHLEEN: Ten meters long? Wow.MAN: Yeah.

517
00:43:15,880 --> 00:43:20,200
NARRATOR: For Kathleen,
Cleopatra's lost tomb could
now be within her grasp.

518
00:43:22,240 --> 00:43:25,200
KATHLEEN: I'm just really
excited and I'm touched.

519
00:43:25,680 --> 00:43:29,200
This is something that is
really important, precious,
something very precious they

520
00:43:29,240 --> 00:43:31,160
tried to hide there.

521
00:43:31,200 --> 00:43:35,080
So I think this is the
final stage of my search.

522
00:43:38,000 --> 00:43:41,240
NARRATOR: It's been
an incredible season for
Kathleen and her workers,

523
00:43:42,200 --> 00:43:44,560
but with her
permit now expired,

524
00:43:44,600 --> 00:43:49,000
she must secure the
site and continue her search
for the chamber next year.

525
00:43:49,800 --> 00:43:52,000
KATHLEEN: Next season
I will come back.

526
00:43:52,040 --> 00:43:55,800
This is the moment
that I was waiting for.

527
00:43:57,000 --> 00:44:00,880
Now I know exactly
where to continue.

528
00:44:03,640 --> 00:44:05,200
Captioned by Cotter
Captioning Services.