1 00:00:01,627 --> 00:00:07,341 ♪ ♪ 2 00:00:07,341 --> 00:00:13,805 ♪ ♪ 3 00:00:13,805 --> 00:00:15,807 MARIANA VAN ZELLER: So, we're about an hour away 4 00:00:15,807 --> 00:00:17,309 from the border, 5 00:00:17,309 --> 00:00:19,686 trying to make it to Ukraine. 6 00:00:22,397 --> 00:00:24,149 And we're sort of in a race against time 7 00:00:24,149 --> 00:00:28,904 trying to get there before curfew. 8 00:00:28,904 --> 00:00:31,573 And we don't know exactly what the situation is at the border, 9 00:00:31,573 --> 00:00:35,202 you know, obviously we're heading towards a war zone. 10 00:00:35,202 --> 00:00:37,287 So they're all a little bit on edge. 11 00:00:37,287 --> 00:00:42,918 (explosions, gunfire) 12 00:00:42,918 --> 00:00:44,294 NEWSCASTER: Moscow has now unleashed 13 00:00:44,294 --> 00:00:48,465 Europe's largest ground conflict since World War II. 14 00:00:48,465 --> 00:00:50,217 NEWS CORRESPONDENT: We are facing 15 00:00:50,217 --> 00:00:53,095 an unprecedented act of aggression. 16 00:00:53,095 --> 00:00:54,096 (boom) 17 00:00:54,096 --> 00:00:56,181 (siren) 18 00:00:56,181 --> 00:00:59,559 MARIANA: This isn't my first trip into dangerous territory. 19 00:01:02,020 --> 00:01:03,272 (gunshot) 20 00:01:03,272 --> 00:01:06,942 For nearly two decades, I've pursued and exposed 21 00:01:06,942 --> 00:01:10,737 the world's most profitable black markets. 22 00:01:10,737 --> 00:01:15,158 But I've never encountered any product quite like this. 23 00:01:15,158 --> 00:01:18,578 (baby cooing) 24 00:01:18,578 --> 00:01:20,414 The commercial surrogacy industry 25 00:01:20,414 --> 00:01:23,750 brings in over $4 billion a year. 26 00:01:23,750 --> 00:01:27,921 Yet, no one knows exactly how many babies are changing hands 27 00:01:27,921 --> 00:01:29,715 around the world. 28 00:01:29,715 --> 00:01:33,260 The industry is outlawed in much of Asia and Europe. 29 00:01:33,260 --> 00:01:36,680 But not here, in war-torn Ukraine. 30 00:01:36,680 --> 00:01:38,598 (explosion) 31 00:01:38,598 --> 00:01:40,225 (scream) 32 00:01:40,225 --> 00:01:43,186 NEWSCASTER: A basement serving as a bomb shelter nursery 33 00:01:43,186 --> 00:01:45,564 for 21 surrogate babies. 34 00:01:45,564 --> 00:01:47,482 (siren) 35 00:01:47,482 --> 00:01:49,359 MARIANA: I was shocked to discover that Ukraine 36 00:01:49,359 --> 00:01:51,403 is one of the world's top destinations 37 00:01:51,403 --> 00:01:53,697 for commercial surrogacy. 38 00:01:53,697 --> 00:01:56,616 And that many of these infants trapped by war 39 00:01:56,616 --> 00:01:58,744 are American babies. 40 00:01:58,744 --> 00:02:00,662 (horn honking) 41 00:02:00,662 --> 00:02:02,372 This story sent me on a journey 42 00:02:02,372 --> 00:02:05,959 to expose the dark side of this global market, 43 00:02:05,959 --> 00:02:09,338 where surrogates are being imprisoned, raped, 44 00:02:09,338 --> 00:02:14,217 and even left to die, manipulated by shadowy players, 45 00:02:14,217 --> 00:02:17,012 who profit from the wombs of vulnerable women. 46 00:02:30,442 --> 00:02:35,030 ♪ ♪ 47 00:02:35,030 --> 00:02:37,157 MARIANA: So I just got word that there was a baby who was born 48 00:02:37,157 --> 00:02:40,202 today in Ukraine, a surrogate baby. 49 00:02:40,202 --> 00:02:43,497 Project Dynamo is there trying to get this baby, 50 00:02:43,497 --> 00:02:45,874 rescue it, and bring it to safety. 51 00:02:45,874 --> 00:02:48,043 BRYAN STERN: Okay, Dynamo! 52 00:02:48,043 --> 00:02:51,254 MARIANA: Project Dynamo is a U.S.-based organization 53 00:02:51,254 --> 00:02:54,341 that has been operating in this war zone. 54 00:02:54,341 --> 00:02:55,884 BRYAN: You can probably hear the air raid sirens, 55 00:02:55,884 --> 00:02:58,804 'cause they're bombing on the other side of the city. 56 00:02:58,804 --> 00:03:02,349 MARIANA: Their mission: to rescue trapped civilians, 57 00:03:02,349 --> 00:03:06,603 including surrogates and newborns. 58 00:03:06,603 --> 00:03:10,357 I'm due to meet them just across the border in Ukraine. 59 00:03:13,735 --> 00:03:15,862 Oh, wow. So these trucks here, these are all trucks 60 00:03:15,862 --> 00:03:18,698 that are waiting to cross the border. 61 00:03:18,698 --> 00:03:22,953 Trucks full of equipment, military gear, fuel, 62 00:03:22,953 --> 00:03:25,455 anything that can assist with the war. 63 00:03:25,455 --> 00:03:29,626 ♪ ♪ 64 00:03:29,626 --> 00:03:32,170 (siren) 65 00:03:32,170 --> 00:03:38,510 (siren) 66 00:03:38,510 --> 00:03:40,011 MARIANA: Mariana van Zeller. 67 00:03:41,263 --> 00:03:42,889 MARIANA: Yes, Lviv. 68 00:03:42,889 --> 00:03:43,974 OFFICER: Okay. 69 00:03:49,104 --> 00:03:52,065 ♪ ♪ 70 00:03:52,065 --> 00:03:54,317 MARIANA: Medyka is the busiest border crossing 71 00:03:54,317 --> 00:03:57,154 between Poland and Ukraine. 72 00:03:59,656 --> 00:04:02,993 BRYAN: This is a border you can walk across. 73 00:04:02,993 --> 00:04:05,454 So, this is on the target list. 74 00:04:08,123 --> 00:04:10,876 The Russians really want to bomb right here. 75 00:04:10,876 --> 00:04:12,836 They don't because they're afraid of NATO. 76 00:04:12,836 --> 00:04:14,087 MARIANA: Thank you! 77 00:04:14,087 --> 00:04:15,589 BRYAN: But at some point, there's going to be 78 00:04:15,589 --> 00:04:18,300 some Russian artillery guy and he's going to push a button, 79 00:04:18,300 --> 00:04:21,470 and one day they're going to hit a border. 80 00:04:21,470 --> 00:04:24,473 MARIANA: Once I'm through, I finally meet my contact. 81 00:04:24,473 --> 00:04:27,642 Bryan Stern, the cofounder of Project Dynamo. 82 00:04:27,642 --> 00:04:29,311 It is crazy to me what you're doing here. 83 00:04:29,311 --> 00:04:31,062 I mean, you're an American citizen, right? 84 00:04:31,062 --> 00:04:33,565 Former Navy, and you're, you find yourself in Ukraine 85 00:04:33,565 --> 00:04:36,234 rescuing surrogate families and babies. 86 00:04:36,234 --> 00:04:38,570 BRYAN: We've been doing operations pretty much every day 87 00:04:38,570 --> 00:04:41,323 since February 24th, since the day of the war. 88 00:04:41,323 --> 00:04:44,659 MARIANA: Bryan is uniquely qualified for this work. 89 00:04:44,659 --> 00:04:46,203 He's a combat veteran 90 00:04:46,203 --> 00:04:48,663 and a former Navy intelligence officer. 91 00:04:48,663 --> 00:04:50,332 BRYAN: Everyone's boarding the buses. 92 00:04:50,332 --> 00:04:52,375 We're bringing people across the border. 93 00:04:52,375 --> 00:04:55,545 People need help, and being able to do rescue operations 94 00:04:55,545 --> 00:04:57,798 in weird places with Russian bad guys everywhere 95 00:04:57,798 --> 00:04:59,758 and artillery and missiles, 96 00:04:59,758 --> 00:05:01,551 being able to do that is a skill, 97 00:05:01,551 --> 00:05:04,095 and we're very good at this. 98 00:05:04,095 --> 00:05:06,890 MARIANA: Since Project Dynamo's arrival in Ukraine, 99 00:05:06,890 --> 00:05:10,894 they've rescued thousands of people, 100 00:05:10,894 --> 00:05:15,190 including 68 surrogate-born babies. 101 00:05:15,190 --> 00:05:17,984 BRYAN: The first one that we did was premature twin boys. 102 00:05:17,984 --> 00:05:21,404 They were on ventilators, feeding tubes, and incubators, 103 00:05:21,404 --> 00:05:22,781 and the whole bit. 104 00:05:22,781 --> 00:05:25,116 As we picked them up, we were taking artillery fire 105 00:05:25,116 --> 00:05:27,285 from the Russians at both hospitals. 106 00:05:27,285 --> 00:05:29,204 It was early days in the war. MARIANA: Oh, my god! 107 00:05:29,204 --> 00:05:30,705 Did you ever think, did you think when you started this 108 00:05:30,705 --> 00:05:32,249 that the surrogacy industry would be so big 109 00:05:32,249 --> 00:05:34,876 and that you'd have to be a part of so many rescues? 110 00:05:34,876 --> 00:05:37,963 BRYAN: Honestly, I didn't really know anything about surrogacy 111 00:05:37,963 --> 00:05:39,798 when I came here. 112 00:05:39,798 --> 00:05:41,591 MARIANA: Neither did I. 113 00:05:41,591 --> 00:05:47,848 ♪ ♪ 114 00:05:47,848 --> 00:05:49,933 So before I set off into Ukraine, 115 00:05:49,933 --> 00:05:52,310 I track down a Ukrainian surrogate, 116 00:05:52,310 --> 00:05:54,729 who is seeking refuge in Poland. 117 00:05:54,729 --> 00:05:57,065 What did you do when the war broke out? 118 00:06:06,616 --> 00:06:07,951 (siren) 119 00:06:07,951 --> 00:06:11,413 (explosions, screaming) 120 00:06:13,290 --> 00:06:15,876 MARIANA: More than 7 million Ukrainians have fled the country 121 00:06:15,876 --> 00:06:19,170 since the Russian invasion. 122 00:06:19,170 --> 00:06:24,175 Most are children and women, including surrogates, like Olya. 123 00:06:24,175 --> 00:06:27,470 Was it your decision to move, or were you asked to move 124 00:06:27,470 --> 00:06:29,931 because you were carrying this baby? 125 00:06:29,931 --> 00:06:31,349 (speaking Ukrainian) 126 00:06:31,349 --> 00:06:33,643 KATE: The second option, because she was asked to, yes. 127 00:06:33,643 --> 00:06:34,978 MARIANA: Mm-hmm. 128 00:06:34,978 --> 00:06:36,855 KATE: The biological parents were really insistent 129 00:06:36,855 --> 00:06:39,482 that they have to be moved. 130 00:06:39,482 --> 00:06:41,860 MARIANA: Olya is four months pregnant. 131 00:06:41,860 --> 00:06:44,529 She's carrying a child for a couple from Seattle, 132 00:06:44,529 --> 00:06:48,950 who turned to surrogacy after nine miscarriages. 133 00:06:48,950 --> 00:06:51,077 Because Olya signed a contract, 134 00:06:51,077 --> 00:06:53,997 she's not entirely in control of her body, 135 00:06:53,997 --> 00:06:58,251 and this reproductive arrangement is far from unique. 136 00:07:00,045 --> 00:07:02,881 Today, more than a quarter of American women 137 00:07:02,881 --> 00:07:05,842 struggle with impaired fertility, 138 00:07:05,842 --> 00:07:08,094 and media outlets are sounding the alarm. 139 00:07:08,094 --> 00:07:09,471 NEWSCASTER: Humans across the globe 140 00:07:09,471 --> 00:07:11,431 are becoming increasingly less fertile. 141 00:07:11,431 --> 00:07:13,642 WHOOPI GOLDBERG: Birth rates in America have fallen 142 00:07:13,642 --> 00:07:16,853 to the lowest levels in about 90 years. 143 00:07:16,853 --> 00:07:19,481 MARIANA: Science now offers solutions, 144 00:07:19,481 --> 00:07:22,859 and surrogacy is one of them, as seen in advertisements 145 00:07:22,859 --> 00:07:25,820 that highlight the marketplace in Ukraine. 146 00:07:32,786 --> 00:07:36,081 MARIANA: Commercial surrogacy allows an infertile couple 147 00:07:36,081 --> 00:07:39,959 to implant their embryo into a healthy third-party surrogate 148 00:07:39,959 --> 00:07:42,462 for an agreed-upon price. 149 00:07:42,462 --> 00:07:47,008 In the United States, that can cost as much as $200,000. 150 00:07:47,008 --> 00:07:49,844 While in Ukraine, Europe's poorest country, 151 00:07:49,844 --> 00:07:53,306 it's as little as $30,000. 152 00:07:53,306 --> 00:07:56,142 I think one of the concerns that people have with surrogacy 153 00:07:56,142 --> 00:08:00,605 is this idea of the commercialization of the womb. 154 00:08:00,605 --> 00:08:02,691 Do you feel like your womb, 155 00:08:02,691 --> 00:08:06,027 your body is being used in a, as a product? 156 00:08:16,663 --> 00:08:17,747 MARIANA: And can I ask you, 157 00:08:17,747 --> 00:08:20,458 why did you become a surrogate mother? 158 00:08:26,214 --> 00:08:30,927 MARIANA: When Olya delivers this baby, she'll be paid $24,000. 159 00:08:30,927 --> 00:08:34,013 That's six times her annual salary. 160 00:08:34,013 --> 00:08:37,058 A life-changing sum for her. 161 00:08:37,058 --> 00:08:40,645 But I discovered that Olya must give birth in Ukraine. 162 00:08:40,645 --> 00:08:42,731 She can't stay in Poland. 163 00:08:42,731 --> 00:08:45,150 BRYAN: In a lot of countries, surrogacy is against the law. 164 00:08:45,150 --> 00:08:47,652 So, if a surrogate gives birth in Poland, 165 00:08:47,652 --> 00:08:49,237 because they don't recognize surrogacy, 166 00:08:49,237 --> 00:08:51,072 that baby belongs to her. 167 00:08:51,072 --> 00:08:53,032 MARIANA: If Olya then tries to give the baby 168 00:08:53,032 --> 00:08:54,701 to its American parents, 169 00:08:54,701 --> 00:08:57,203 she could be charged with child trafficking 170 00:08:57,203 --> 00:09:01,082 and the baby becomes a ward of the Polish state. 171 00:09:01,082 --> 00:09:03,877 So as crazy as it seems and it sounds, 172 00:09:03,877 --> 00:09:05,336 the only way for them to actually give birth 173 00:09:05,336 --> 00:09:07,130 to these surrogate babies is here, being here... 174 00:09:07,130 --> 00:09:08,173 BRYAN: Correct. 175 00:09:08,173 --> 00:09:10,550 MARIANA: ...in a war zone in Ukraine. 176 00:09:10,550 --> 00:09:12,886 That's why Bryan and I are at the border, 177 00:09:12,886 --> 00:09:17,182 waiting for an American couple that's traveled 6,000 miles 178 00:09:17,182 --> 00:09:19,184 from their home in San Francisco 179 00:09:19,184 --> 00:09:24,355 to rescue their newborn son, Vincent, 180 00:09:24,355 --> 00:09:27,525 who was born to a Ukrainian surrogate last night 181 00:09:27,525 --> 00:09:29,402 inside a war zone. 182 00:09:29,402 --> 00:09:35,492 ♪ ♪ 183 00:09:35,492 --> 00:09:38,036 BRYAN: People get killed out here every single day. 184 00:09:38,036 --> 00:09:40,663 I mean, just happens. 185 00:09:40,663 --> 00:09:44,417 They're not safe until they're safe. 186 00:09:44,417 --> 00:09:46,002 MARIANA: Bryan and his team quickly move us 187 00:09:46,002 --> 00:09:47,921 to an undisclosed safehouse 188 00:09:47,921 --> 00:09:51,132 outside Ukraine's westernmost city, Lviv. 189 00:09:51,132 --> 00:09:53,134 Where I finally get an opportunity 190 00:09:53,134 --> 00:09:55,720 to speak with baby Vincent's parents. 191 00:09:55,720 --> 00:09:57,680 Did you guys always want to have kids? Was that always the plan? 192 00:09:57,680 --> 00:09:58,681 GIO GALERA: Absolutely. 193 00:09:58,681 --> 00:10:00,100 CANDACE GALERA: Yeah. Definitely. 194 00:10:00,100 --> 00:10:01,476 GIO: You know, I mean, obviously there's the family element 195 00:10:01,476 --> 00:10:03,561 that are like, "Gio, it's your turn, you know, 196 00:10:03,561 --> 00:10:06,064 you're, everyone's getting to have families now, 197 00:10:06,064 --> 00:10:07,482 what's going on, you know?" 198 00:10:07,482 --> 00:10:09,818 And that's kind of the Asian family thing, I guess. 199 00:10:09,818 --> 00:10:11,152 MARIANA: It's a Portuguese family thing, too. 200 00:10:11,152 --> 00:10:13,279 GIO: Yeah, Portuguese, too, right? 201 00:10:13,279 --> 00:10:17,575 But in our hearts, too, we both wanted children. 202 00:10:17,575 --> 00:10:19,369 MARIANA: Gio and Candace have known each other 203 00:10:19,369 --> 00:10:23,206 since childhood, but it wasn't until their early thirties 204 00:10:23,206 --> 00:10:29,420 that they reconnected, fell in love, and got married. 205 00:10:29,420 --> 00:10:32,048 When Candace was diagnosed with uterine cancer, 206 00:10:32,048 --> 00:10:35,802 the couple turned to surrogacy to start their family. 207 00:10:35,802 --> 00:10:37,929 It was too expensive in the U.S., 208 00:10:37,929 --> 00:10:40,515 so they traveled to Ukraine for the procedure, 209 00:10:40,515 --> 00:10:43,476 and were told to return in about nine months. 210 00:10:43,476 --> 00:10:44,477 (explosion) 211 00:10:44,477 --> 00:10:45,478 (siren) 212 00:10:45,478 --> 00:10:48,565 But then, the Russians attacked. 213 00:10:48,565 --> 00:10:50,275 NEWSCASTER: Across Ukraine, the invasion set off 214 00:10:50,275 --> 00:10:51,651 a desperate rush to take shelter... 215 00:10:51,651 --> 00:10:52,652 NEWSCASTER (overlapping): So the biggest attack 216 00:10:52,652 --> 00:10:54,070 on one nation against another. 217 00:10:54,070 --> 00:10:56,614 CANDACE: We didn't go to work for like a month, 218 00:10:56,614 --> 00:10:59,284 just straight CNN, day, night. 219 00:10:59,284 --> 00:11:02,162 It was, it was scary. It was definitely, definitely scary. 220 00:11:02,162 --> 00:11:04,372 GIO: Right. 221 00:11:04,372 --> 00:11:06,166 MARIANA: With their baby in harm's way, 222 00:11:06,166 --> 00:11:10,378 they knew they had no choice but to come rescue him. 223 00:11:10,378 --> 00:11:11,754 GIO: We wanted to nurture someone. 224 00:11:11,754 --> 00:11:15,383 We wanted to bring forth a life and give all the gifts. 225 00:11:15,383 --> 00:11:16,467 CANDACE: Give love, yeah. 226 00:11:16,467 --> 00:11:17,927 GIO: All the gifts that we have. 227 00:11:17,927 --> 00:11:19,971 You know, like, I want to share that with them. 228 00:11:19,971 --> 00:11:23,224 And I want to see what comes out of this, you know? 229 00:11:23,224 --> 00:11:24,225 And I want to... 230 00:11:24,225 --> 00:11:26,019 MARIANA: You're making me cry. 231 00:11:26,019 --> 00:11:27,562 I've met you just for a few hours, 232 00:11:27,562 --> 00:11:30,023 and I can already tell you guys are going to be amazing parents. 233 00:11:30,023 --> 00:11:31,024 GIO: Thank you. Thank you so much. 234 00:11:31,024 --> 00:11:32,400 MARIANA: It's true. 235 00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,236 All the love, I can, I can see and I can feel it. 236 00:11:35,236 --> 00:11:38,239 GIO: Yeah. I mean, from the moment he was a little peanut, 237 00:11:38,239 --> 00:11:40,783 we could't get him off our mind. 238 00:11:40,783 --> 00:11:42,243 The whole concept, you know? 239 00:11:42,243 --> 00:11:43,995 MARIANA: It is the best thing in the world. 240 00:11:43,995 --> 00:11:47,582 GIO: Amen. Thank you. 241 00:11:47,582 --> 00:11:50,668 MARIANA: But rescuing Vincent isn't guaranteed. 242 00:11:50,668 --> 00:11:52,003 (air raid siren) 243 00:11:52,003 --> 00:11:53,504 BRYAN: There is no embassy to call. 244 00:11:53,504 --> 00:11:55,214 It's not here. 245 00:11:55,214 --> 00:11:58,259 If things go wrong, it's our problem to deal with. 246 00:11:58,259 --> 00:12:00,678 So, we are very much on our own. 247 00:12:11,606 --> 00:12:14,067 BRYAN: We're rolling to get baby Vincent. 248 00:12:14,067 --> 00:12:16,736 So the surrogate needs to be put on ice for a little bit. 249 00:12:16,736 --> 00:12:20,281 And we'll be baby-on-board, maybe an hour. 250 00:12:20,281 --> 00:12:24,244 MARIANA: Less than 24 hours ago, baby Vincent was born. 251 00:12:24,244 --> 00:12:28,748 Now, Bryan Stern and his medical team are on an urgent mission 252 00:12:28,748 --> 00:12:31,125 to get him out of the war-torn country. 253 00:12:31,125 --> 00:12:32,752 BRYAN: I'm always kind of nervous, 254 00:12:32,752 --> 00:12:35,213 because things go wrong. 255 00:12:35,213 --> 00:12:37,131 Things just happen. 256 00:12:37,131 --> 00:12:38,883 MARIANA: The plan is for Bryan to pick up Vincent 257 00:12:38,883 --> 00:12:42,387 from the hospital, then deliver him to his parents, 258 00:12:42,387 --> 00:12:46,683 who are heading towards a safer meeting point outside the city. 259 00:12:46,683 --> 00:12:47,934 BRYAN: I don't really take a deep breath 260 00:12:47,934 --> 00:12:51,062 until I get them out of Ukraine as soon as we can. 261 00:12:51,062 --> 00:12:55,525 ♪ ♪ 262 00:12:55,525 --> 00:13:02,073 ♪ ♪ 263 00:13:02,073 --> 00:13:04,617 Alright, rock and roll. 264 00:13:04,617 --> 00:13:07,620 ♪ ♪ 265 00:13:07,620 --> 00:13:10,290 (woman speaking Ukrainian) 266 00:13:22,677 --> 00:13:23,678 (phone chimes) 267 00:13:23,678 --> 00:13:27,598 GIO: Oh, man. Hold on. 268 00:13:27,598 --> 00:13:29,350 She's telling us now that 269 00:13:29,350 --> 00:13:34,355 the baby must be given to our hands only. 270 00:13:34,355 --> 00:13:36,774 MARIANA: The hospital refuses to release the baby 271 00:13:36,774 --> 00:13:40,445 to anyone other than his biological parents. 272 00:13:40,445 --> 00:13:43,031 But for Bryan and the Project Dynamo team, 273 00:13:43,031 --> 00:13:44,907 that's not the only hurdle they face 274 00:13:44,907 --> 00:13:47,201 in getting Vincent out of the country. 275 00:13:47,201 --> 00:13:50,913 BRYAN: So, the problem is, is that the passports say one thing 276 00:13:50,913 --> 00:13:54,584 and the marriage certificate says something else, correct? 277 00:13:54,584 --> 00:13:56,836 I under--I understand. 278 00:13:56,836 --> 00:13:58,629 Their paperwork is (bleep). 279 00:13:58,629 --> 00:14:00,965 And it'll be Candace's maiden name, probably, 280 00:14:00,965 --> 00:14:03,134 if I had to guess. 281 00:14:03,134 --> 00:14:04,927 And therefore they're not sure if they can issue 282 00:14:04,927 --> 00:14:07,805 a birth certificate in the right names. 283 00:14:07,805 --> 00:14:08,890 Ah, (bleep). 284 00:14:08,890 --> 00:14:10,933 This whole thing is a mess! 285 00:14:13,394 --> 00:14:16,439 MARIANA: These roadblocks exist for good reason. 286 00:14:16,439 --> 00:14:18,858 (babies crying) 287 00:14:18,858 --> 00:14:23,738 Ukraine produces some 2,000 surrogate births each year. 288 00:14:23,738 --> 00:14:25,782 It's critical that they make sure 289 00:14:25,782 --> 00:14:28,076 these babies don't get misplaced, 290 00:14:28,076 --> 00:14:30,745 or worse, trafficked. 291 00:14:30,745 --> 00:14:32,330 (siren) 292 00:14:32,330 --> 00:14:34,457 Project Dynamo is fighting the good fight, 293 00:14:34,457 --> 00:14:37,960 helping to unite desperate families. 294 00:14:37,960 --> 00:14:41,714 But the chaos of war could have a profound effect. 295 00:14:41,714 --> 00:14:44,759 (explosion) 296 00:14:44,759 --> 00:14:48,596 Pushing the surrogacy market into less regulated countries. 297 00:14:48,596 --> 00:14:50,223 NEWSCASTER: There's been a storm of controversy 298 00:14:50,223 --> 00:14:51,891 over the Indian government's move 299 00:14:51,891 --> 00:14:53,935 to restrict child surrogacy. 300 00:14:53,935 --> 00:14:56,354 It considers it a "rent-a-womb" industry 301 00:14:56,354 --> 00:14:58,898 that exploits impoverished young women. 302 00:14:58,898 --> 00:15:01,192 MARIANA: India was once the top destination 303 00:15:01,192 --> 00:15:06,072 for commercial surrogacy before the country banned it in 2015, 304 00:15:06,072 --> 00:15:09,575 when it discovered women were being abused and exploited, 305 00:15:09,575 --> 00:15:14,122 and an untold number of babies were sold onto the black market. 306 00:15:17,708 --> 00:15:19,919 Thousands of miles south of Ukraine, 307 00:15:19,919 --> 00:15:22,463 I've heard these horror stories are taking place 308 00:15:22,463 --> 00:15:25,550 in one of the industry's newest frontiers. 309 00:15:39,647 --> 00:15:42,567 ♪ ♪ 310 00:15:42,567 --> 00:15:48,114 ♪ ♪ 311 00:15:48,114 --> 00:15:54,704 ♪ ♪ 312 00:15:54,704 --> 00:15:56,747 MARIANA: If I'm going to investigate the criminal corners 313 00:15:56,747 --> 00:15:58,416 of this marketplace, 314 00:15:58,416 --> 00:16:01,961 I need to speak with people who know criminals. 315 00:16:01,961 --> 00:16:08,885 ♪ ♪ 316 00:16:08,885 --> 00:16:11,262 That's why my Kenyan contacts put me in touch 317 00:16:11,262 --> 00:16:13,639 with these two women. 318 00:16:13,639 --> 00:16:16,934 Do you think that the parents, the foreign parents, 319 00:16:16,934 --> 00:16:19,020 know that this is happening? Do they care? 320 00:16:36,495 --> 00:16:39,207 MARIANA: Mary is a former prostitute who now advocates 321 00:16:39,207 --> 00:16:41,626 on behalf of sex workers' rights. 322 00:16:41,626 --> 00:16:43,794 Her friend, who we'll call Michelle, 323 00:16:43,794 --> 00:16:45,630 does not want to be identified, 324 00:16:45,630 --> 00:16:49,634 because she recruits Kenyan women into commercial surrogacy. 325 00:16:52,094 --> 00:16:55,097 She says it offers an escape from extreme poverty 326 00:16:55,097 --> 00:16:57,558 if it's done right. 327 00:17:17,286 --> 00:17:23,793 MARIANA: Right. 328 00:17:23,793 --> 00:17:26,629 MARIANA: Unregulated surrogacy markets are expanding 329 00:17:26,629 --> 00:17:31,175 around the world, especially in countries like Mexico, Colombia, 330 00:17:31,175 --> 00:17:33,219 and right here in Kenya. 331 00:17:33,219 --> 00:17:34,637 (baby cries) 332 00:17:34,637 --> 00:17:37,807 Mary and Michelle tell me it can be a very dirty business, 333 00:17:37,807 --> 00:17:40,851 one that operates in Nairobi's shadows. 334 00:17:40,851 --> 00:17:41,978 Do you hear a lot of these stories 335 00:17:41,978 --> 00:17:43,729 of women being exploited? 336 00:17:43,729 --> 00:17:46,274 Of them not being paid what they were told, 337 00:17:46,274 --> 00:17:47,400 violation of their rights? 338 00:17:47,400 --> 00:17:48,776 MARY: Yes. It is right. 339 00:17:48,776 --> 00:17:50,820 MARIANA: Really? You hear this a lot? 340 00:17:52,405 --> 00:17:54,073 They share horrific stories 341 00:17:54,073 --> 00:17:58,077 of surrogates dying during childbirth, 342 00:17:58,077 --> 00:18:01,706 others held captive for months. 343 00:18:01,706 --> 00:18:05,793 And all of it for the product growing in their womb. 344 00:18:10,047 --> 00:18:14,218 The entire process costs tens of thousands of U.S. dollars. 345 00:18:14,218 --> 00:18:18,014 But many surrogates get paid as little as 500 bucks. 346 00:18:22,101 --> 00:18:23,311 MARIANA: Who's keeping the rest of the money? 347 00:18:23,311 --> 00:18:24,395 Because we know that it's much more money. 348 00:18:25,730 --> 00:18:27,982 MARIANA: The agent is keeping the money. 349 00:18:27,982 --> 00:18:31,652 These agents are the linchpins in an underworld supply chain 350 00:18:31,652 --> 00:18:33,070 that connects foreign couples 351 00:18:33,070 --> 00:18:35,281 from Europe and the United States 352 00:18:35,281 --> 00:18:39,160 with Kenyan doctors and, of course, surrogates. 353 00:18:51,422 --> 00:18:54,759 MARIANA: Surrogacy isn't technically illegal in Kenya. 354 00:18:54,759 --> 00:18:57,511 In fact, it's openly advertised. 355 00:18:57,511 --> 00:19:00,848 But there aren't any specific laws regulating it. 356 00:19:00,848 --> 00:19:03,684 That means couples must hire costly lawyers 357 00:19:03,684 --> 00:19:07,188 to navigate the country's child trafficking laws. 358 00:19:07,188 --> 00:19:08,856 Which, ironically, ends up fueling 359 00:19:08,856 --> 00:19:12,401 cheaper black market operators like Michelle. 360 00:19:12,401 --> 00:19:13,402 And I'm going to go around this way? 361 00:19:13,402 --> 00:19:14,403 MICHELLE: Yeah. 362 00:19:15,446 --> 00:19:16,739 MARIANA: Straight. 363 00:19:16,739 --> 00:19:18,949 Tonight, she plans to recruit another surrogate 364 00:19:18,949 --> 00:19:20,660 from inside a Nairobi slum. 365 00:19:20,660 --> 00:19:22,119 (horn honking) 366 00:19:22,119 --> 00:19:23,537 This way, yeah? MARY: Yeah, yeah. 367 00:19:28,292 --> 00:19:29,835 MARIANA: Snatchers? MARY: Yeah. 368 00:19:33,672 --> 00:19:39,637 (horns honking) 369 00:19:40,888 --> 00:19:43,140 (horn honking) 370 00:19:43,140 --> 00:19:45,935 MARIANA: Far away from Nairobi's tourist districts, 371 00:19:45,935 --> 00:19:50,690 Michelle offers to show me how she recruits surrogates. 372 00:19:50,690 --> 00:19:51,899 So where are we going? 373 00:20:04,161 --> 00:20:05,830 MARIANA: Why do you think she'd be a good person 374 00:20:05,830 --> 00:20:06,789 to be a surrogate? 375 00:20:13,003 --> 00:20:14,547 MARIANA: Oh, wow. 376 00:20:14,547 --> 00:20:18,926 It turns out Michelle is a pimp, 377 00:20:18,926 --> 00:20:22,847 and the women she recruits are prostitutes. 378 00:20:22,847 --> 00:20:27,351 A fact she doesn't mention to the foreign couples. 379 00:20:27,351 --> 00:20:30,396 Do you think there is a stigma attached to sex workers 380 00:20:30,396 --> 00:20:33,482 that would make parents perhaps not want to have sex workers 381 00:20:33,482 --> 00:20:34,942 as their surrogate mothers? 382 00:20:41,449 --> 00:20:43,075 MARIANA: Michelle claims she's doing this 383 00:20:43,075 --> 00:20:46,746 to empower the country's desperate women. 384 00:20:46,746 --> 00:20:49,081 Here. Okay. So, Michelle, do you go out? 385 00:20:49,081 --> 00:20:50,207 Okay, we'll be here waiting. 386 00:20:50,207 --> 00:20:51,584 MICHELLE: Alright. 387 00:20:52,877 --> 00:20:54,462 (car door shuts) 388 00:20:54,462 --> 00:20:59,884 ♪ ♪ 389 00:20:59,884 --> 00:21:02,261 MARIANA: She went inside. 390 00:21:04,096 --> 00:21:07,391 Here, can you see if you can hear her? 391 00:21:07,391 --> 00:21:08,601 You can hear? 392 00:21:08,601 --> 00:21:10,394 MARY: No. 393 00:21:10,394 --> 00:21:11,395 MARIANA: Okay, here she is. 394 00:21:11,395 --> 00:21:12,813 Can you hear her now? MARY: Yeah. 395 00:21:34,835 --> 00:21:36,045 MARIANA: Oh, wow. 396 00:21:42,301 --> 00:21:44,553 MARIANA: Wow. So she's calling it "my child?" 397 00:21:44,553 --> 00:21:47,181 MARY: Yes. "My child, my child." 398 00:22:04,156 --> 00:22:07,409 MARIANA: Oh, so she, she's, she's into the idea? 399 00:22:17,836 --> 00:22:18,921 (Mary sighs) 400 00:22:18,921 --> 00:22:20,464 MARIANA: Do you feel good? 401 00:22:28,138 --> 00:22:29,056 MARIANA: Oh, so you want to go there now? 402 00:22:29,056 --> 00:22:29,890 MICHELLE: Yeah. 403 00:22:34,854 --> 00:22:37,398 MARIANA: In some black markets, it's hard to tell 404 00:22:37,398 --> 00:22:39,692 the good guys from the bad. 405 00:22:39,692 --> 00:22:42,361 I can't yet decide if I think Michelle is actually 406 00:22:42,361 --> 00:22:46,532 helping Kenyan women or just helping herself. 407 00:22:46,532 --> 00:22:50,744 She claims she's liberating them from the dangers of sex work, 408 00:22:50,744 --> 00:22:52,162 but she may be steering them towards 409 00:22:52,162 --> 00:22:54,707 an equally dangerous undertaking. 410 00:22:54,707 --> 00:22:59,712 ♪ ♪ 411 00:22:59,712 --> 00:23:02,172 The following morning, Mary takes me to meet 412 00:23:02,172 --> 00:23:04,592 a former surrogate called Ashley, 413 00:23:04,592 --> 00:23:07,469 who experienced these dangers firsthand. 414 00:23:18,397 --> 00:23:19,607 MARIANA: About a year ago, 415 00:23:19,607 --> 00:23:22,151 Ashley was approached by a surrogacy agent, 416 00:23:22,151 --> 00:23:25,529 a well-dressed Kenyan woman in a fancy car 417 00:23:25,529 --> 00:23:27,239 who began grooming Ashley. 418 00:23:34,371 --> 00:23:37,082 MARIANA: Once Ashley agreed to carry a child, 419 00:23:37,082 --> 00:23:39,543 the agent took her to a fertility clinic, 420 00:23:39,543 --> 00:23:41,337 where they implanted the embryo 421 00:23:41,337 --> 00:23:46,008 and promised to pay her just over 800 U.S. dollars. 422 00:23:46,008 --> 00:23:48,677 Did you want to know any information about the parents? 423 00:23:58,062 --> 00:24:01,106 MARIANA: Ashley was given a strict set of rules. 424 00:24:01,106 --> 00:24:03,609 She couldn't tell anyone what she was doing, 425 00:24:03,609 --> 00:24:05,778 she couldn't contact anyone. 426 00:24:05,778 --> 00:24:09,615 She could never, ever leave the apartment. 427 00:24:11,825 --> 00:24:13,327 MARIANA: Did you think it was strange that they didn't let you 428 00:24:13,327 --> 00:24:15,204 get out of the house? 429 00:24:22,670 --> 00:24:24,380 MARIANA: Ashley's rent was paid for, 430 00:24:24,380 --> 00:24:27,257 and every week, someone brought her food. 431 00:24:31,595 --> 00:24:32,680 MARIANA: Oh, so you wouldn't be able to see who it was. 432 00:24:32,680 --> 00:24:33,806 ASHLEY: Yeah. 433 00:24:33,806 --> 00:24:35,140 MARIANA: Even though they told you the rules 434 00:24:35,140 --> 00:24:39,770 was you couldn't tell anyone, why didn't you? 435 00:24:50,364 --> 00:24:53,992 MARIANA: What happened next almost did kill Ashley. 436 00:24:55,953 --> 00:24:58,580 Her body began cramping and bleeding. 437 00:24:58,580 --> 00:25:00,708 She was going into labor. 438 00:25:00,708 --> 00:25:03,127 Ashley was rushed to the hospital. 439 00:25:03,127 --> 00:25:04,545 Did they know you were a surrogate 440 00:25:04,545 --> 00:25:06,422 or did they think you were just a pregnant mother? 441 00:25:14,513 --> 00:25:15,889 MARIANA: And you never saw the baby? 442 00:25:15,889 --> 00:25:17,266 You don't remember delivering? 443 00:25:20,811 --> 00:25:24,189 (baby crying) 444 00:25:28,485 --> 00:25:32,656 (heavy breathing) 445 00:25:32,656 --> 00:25:35,200 ♪ ♪ 446 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:41,248 ♪ ♪ 447 00:25:41,248 --> 00:25:42,416 MARIANA: And then you woke up, 448 00:25:42,416 --> 00:25:44,251 and suddenly you were in a different hospital? 449 00:25:48,756 --> 00:25:52,009 MARIANA: The agent who'd recruited Ashley was gone. 450 00:26:02,603 --> 00:26:03,687 MARIANA: So they didn't actually pay you the whole money? 451 00:26:09,485 --> 00:26:11,195 MARIANA: Did you ever think of going to the police 452 00:26:11,195 --> 00:26:12,988 and telling them what happened to you? 453 00:26:16,366 --> 00:26:19,828 MARIANA: In this murky industry, with no clear regulations, 454 00:26:19,828 --> 00:26:23,499 a vulnerable woman like Ashley had little security. 455 00:26:23,499 --> 00:26:25,125 She never signed a contract. 456 00:26:25,125 --> 00:26:28,253 All she had was the agent's cell phone number. 457 00:26:31,090 --> 00:26:32,716 (phone ringing) 458 00:26:34,843 --> 00:26:36,053 AUTOMATED VOICE: We're sorry. 459 00:26:36,053 --> 00:26:37,846 Your call cannot be completed as dialed. 460 00:26:37,846 --> 00:26:40,057 Please check the number and try again. 461 00:26:40,057 --> 00:26:43,477 (beeping) 462 00:26:43,477 --> 00:26:47,856 ♪ ♪ 463 00:27:03,705 --> 00:27:07,334 MARIANA: He tells me to call him Peter. 464 00:27:07,334 --> 00:27:09,878 He isn't the agent who cheated Ashley, 465 00:27:09,878 --> 00:27:14,299 but he plays the same role in the surrogacy supply chain. 466 00:27:14,299 --> 00:27:17,052 Why do you use the word corrupt? 467 00:27:23,559 --> 00:27:25,853 MARIANA: But do you think that's a good thing or a bad thing? 468 00:27:37,823 --> 00:27:43,954 ♪ ♪ 469 00:28:05,601 --> 00:28:06,643 MARIANA: Wow. 470 00:28:06,643 --> 00:28:08,937 So you recruit young female workers? 471 00:28:08,937 --> 00:28:10,480 PETER: Young female workers. 472 00:28:10,480 --> 00:28:12,900 MARIANA: Peter runs a legal employment agency 473 00:28:12,900 --> 00:28:15,027 that places Kenyan domestic workers 474 00:28:15,027 --> 00:28:18,155 in households throughout the Middle East. 475 00:28:18,155 --> 00:28:20,866 But that's not his only source of income. 476 00:28:31,126 --> 00:28:32,461 MARIANA: I do. 477 00:28:32,461 --> 00:28:35,213 Peter is simultaneously managing his employment agency 478 00:28:35,213 --> 00:28:38,926 and a black market surrogacy operation. 479 00:28:43,639 --> 00:28:45,766 MARIANA: Do you make more money from sending these women abroad? 480 00:28:49,645 --> 00:28:52,564 MARIANA: Even though surrogacy isn't illegal in Kenya, 481 00:28:52,564 --> 00:28:54,524 doing it lawfully can be challenging 482 00:28:54,524 --> 00:28:56,443 and cost-prohibitive, 483 00:28:56,443 --> 00:28:59,571 and that's where Peter's operation comes into play. 484 00:28:59,571 --> 00:29:03,492 As an underworld agent, Peter is the powerful liaison 485 00:29:03,492 --> 00:29:05,410 between infertile foreign couples 486 00:29:05,410 --> 00:29:08,205 and some of Kenya's most desperate women. 487 00:29:08,205 --> 00:29:10,082 And he claims to have used these women 488 00:29:10,082 --> 00:29:14,378 to successfully deliver babies to clients from Russia, Turkey, 489 00:29:14,378 --> 00:29:19,716 the Philippines, and, yes, the United States. 490 00:29:19,716 --> 00:29:22,302 For his part in the operation, he tells me he receives 491 00:29:22,302 --> 00:29:26,848 somewhere between $20,000 and $40,000. 492 00:29:26,848 --> 00:29:28,475 Of that money that you receive, 493 00:29:28,475 --> 00:29:30,686 how much of that money goes to the surrogate mother, 494 00:29:30,686 --> 00:29:32,813 and how much of that money goes to you? 495 00:29:39,945 --> 00:29:41,279 MARIANA: I mean, they have a point. 496 00:29:41,279 --> 00:29:42,280 PETER: It's a give and take. And they have a point. 497 00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:43,573 MARIANA: Yeah. PETER: Yeah. 498 00:29:43,573 --> 00:29:44,658 MARIANA: Because you are in the perfect position 499 00:29:44,658 --> 00:29:45,826 to exploit these girls, right? 500 00:29:49,413 --> 00:29:50,872 MARIANA: And so do you? 501 00:30:00,757 --> 00:30:02,134 MARIANA: Peter tries to persuade me 502 00:30:02,134 --> 00:30:06,555 that he's an honest broker in a dishonest business. 503 00:30:17,065 --> 00:30:18,608 MARIANA: He tells me he's not the only one 504 00:30:18,608 --> 00:30:22,154 running surrogates in Nairobi's shadows. 505 00:30:25,907 --> 00:30:28,660 MARIANA: And why do you think that is? Why Kenya? 506 00:30:36,376 --> 00:30:37,669 MARIANA: We head to the safe house? 507 00:30:37,669 --> 00:30:38,503 PETER: Alright. MARIANA: Okay. 508 00:30:39,963 --> 00:30:47,220 ♪ ♪ 509 00:30:47,220 --> 00:30:48,930 MARIANA: Peter keeps his pregnant surrogates 510 00:30:48,930 --> 00:30:54,436 in what he calls a safe house far outside of town. 511 00:30:54,436 --> 00:30:58,690 Are the surrogate mothers in the safe house the whole time? 512 00:31:06,448 --> 00:31:11,620 ♪ ♪ 513 00:31:11,620 --> 00:31:12,829 MARIANA: Are we close? 514 00:31:14,831 --> 00:31:21,004 ♪ ♪ 515 00:31:21,004 --> 00:31:27,302 ♪ ♪ 516 00:31:44,194 --> 00:31:45,737 MARIANA: One of the things that Peter told us 517 00:31:45,737 --> 00:31:49,241 was that he prefers if the women stay in the house 518 00:31:49,241 --> 00:31:51,827 and don't go out for big walks, or don't... 519 00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:55,038 MARIANA: He doesn't like it. 520 00:31:55,038 --> 00:31:58,333 I managed to convince Peter to wait outside 521 00:31:58,333 --> 00:32:03,338 while I interview one of his surrogates, Sylvie. 522 00:32:03,338 --> 00:32:05,215 So, I know they're outside. 523 00:32:05,215 --> 00:32:06,675 I just want to make sure that you feel comfortable 524 00:32:06,675 --> 00:32:08,426 and you don't feel pressured to do anything. 525 00:32:08,426 --> 00:32:10,595 SYLVIE: I'm not pressured at all. 526 00:32:10,595 --> 00:32:11,763 MARIANA: Do you ever leave the safe house 527 00:32:11,763 --> 00:32:13,223 or you're here all the time? 528 00:32:13,223 --> 00:32:14,558 SYLVIE: I don't leave the house. 529 00:32:14,558 --> 00:32:15,934 MARIANA: Ever? 530 00:32:15,934 --> 00:32:19,437 SYLVIE: I only go upstairs where we hang our clothes. 531 00:32:19,437 --> 00:32:20,897 MARIANA: Uh-huh. 532 00:32:20,897 --> 00:32:23,567 SYLVIE: For my exercise, I do it here. 533 00:32:23,567 --> 00:32:25,402 I walk here. 534 00:32:25,402 --> 00:32:27,696 MARIANA: And so, you never, ever leave? 535 00:32:27,696 --> 00:32:29,656 SYLVIE: I don't leave. 536 00:32:29,656 --> 00:32:33,451 ♪ ♪ 537 00:32:33,451 --> 00:32:35,662 MARIANA: Sylvie tells me she's a single mother 538 00:32:35,662 --> 00:32:39,749 who was desperately searching for housekeeping work overseas 539 00:32:39,749 --> 00:32:41,626 until Peter convinced her that surrogacy 540 00:32:41,626 --> 00:32:44,254 would be much more lucrative. 541 00:32:44,254 --> 00:32:46,173 SYLVIE: My kids don't know. My family don't know. 542 00:32:46,173 --> 00:32:49,926 My mom doesn't know. Nobody knows. 543 00:32:51,761 --> 00:32:52,888 MARIANA: Mm-hmm. 544 00:32:52,888 --> 00:32:54,931 In fact, Sylvie's family believes 545 00:32:54,931 --> 00:32:57,601 she is working in the Middle East. 546 00:32:57,601 --> 00:32:59,603 That's why Peter's safe house is located 547 00:32:59,603 --> 00:33:01,771 on the outskirts of the city, 548 00:33:01,771 --> 00:33:05,901 far away from anyone who might recognize Sylvie. 549 00:33:05,901 --> 00:33:07,611 Can I ask you how much money you're making? 550 00:33:12,115 --> 00:33:13,408 Mmm. 551 00:33:17,537 --> 00:33:20,248 MARIANA: Can I just ask you if it's more than $5,000? 552 00:33:21,833 --> 00:33:23,668 SYLVIE: You know, it's less than. 553 00:33:23,668 --> 00:33:25,670 MARIANA: So it's less than $5,000? 554 00:33:25,670 --> 00:33:27,672 SYLVIE: Yeah. 555 00:33:27,672 --> 00:33:29,674 MARIANA: That may not sound like much, 556 00:33:29,674 --> 00:33:32,177 but it's a significant amount of money in a country 557 00:33:32,177 --> 00:33:37,849 where a third of all Kenyans live on less than $2 a day. 558 00:33:37,849 --> 00:33:40,477 And Sylvie tells me it will change her children's lives 559 00:33:40,477 --> 00:33:42,145 for the better. 560 00:33:47,817 --> 00:33:49,778 MARIANA: That's what he said. That's how he said it. 561 00:33:57,953 --> 00:33:59,746 ♪ ♪ 562 00:33:59,746 --> 00:34:01,873 MARIANA: I came to this safe house expecting to meet 563 00:34:01,873 --> 00:34:06,169 a deliberately misinformed surrogate under Peter's control, 564 00:34:06,169 --> 00:34:08,630 but Sylvie knows that she's likely participating 565 00:34:08,630 --> 00:34:10,757 in a black market. 566 00:34:10,757 --> 00:34:13,176 One with no guarantees, 567 00:34:13,176 --> 00:34:17,973 and potentially life-threatening risks for her and the baby. 568 00:34:17,973 --> 00:34:21,309 Were you concerned about that? Did you ask those questions? 569 00:34:25,855 --> 00:34:29,567 ♪ ♪ 570 00:34:41,496 --> 00:34:42,956 MARIANA: It seems everyone I've met 571 00:34:42,956 --> 00:34:46,376 is taking calculated risks for the money. 572 00:34:46,376 --> 00:34:52,757 ♪ ♪ 573 00:34:52,757 --> 00:34:55,010 (horn honking) 574 00:34:55,010 --> 00:34:59,097 But there's still one missing link in Peter's supply chain. 575 00:34:59,097 --> 00:35:00,890 So we've been trying to get a doctor to talk to us, 576 00:35:00,890 --> 00:35:03,101 because one of the things about the surrogacy industry 577 00:35:03,101 --> 00:35:07,022 is that without, without doctors, it really doesn't work. 578 00:35:09,065 --> 00:35:11,234 And we've been hitting brick wall after brick wall. 579 00:35:11,234 --> 00:35:13,653 They stand to lose a lot, including their jobs, 580 00:35:13,653 --> 00:35:15,405 if they talk about this. 581 00:35:17,574 --> 00:35:22,579 But Peter has convinced his doctor to meet us today. 582 00:35:22,579 --> 00:35:24,372 I've heard he's super nervous, 583 00:35:24,372 --> 00:35:27,208 but I'm hoping that we can convince him to talk. 584 00:35:30,462 --> 00:35:32,380 (phone chimes) 585 00:35:32,380 --> 00:35:34,632 Okay. He says he's here. 586 00:35:37,677 --> 00:35:39,971 I think that's him. 587 00:35:48,104 --> 00:35:55,028 ♪ ♪ 588 00:35:55,028 --> 00:36:01,993 ♪ ♪ 589 00:36:01,993 --> 00:36:04,537 MARIANA: Okay, Doctor, what do you think would happen to you 590 00:36:04,537 --> 00:36:06,498 if you were caught? 591 00:36:19,344 --> 00:36:21,304 MARIANA: This is the doctor that's the linchpin 592 00:36:21,304 --> 00:36:24,265 in Peter's black market operation. 593 00:36:24,265 --> 00:36:27,352 While Peter oversees the foreign couples, 594 00:36:27,352 --> 00:36:31,272 the surrogate recruitment, and the safe houses, 595 00:36:31,272 --> 00:36:34,067 it all means nothing without a medical professional 596 00:36:34,067 --> 00:36:36,694 who can supervise the pregnancy. 597 00:36:36,694 --> 00:36:38,029 And because the doctor works at 598 00:36:38,029 --> 00:36:40,740 one of Nairobi's best public hospitals, 599 00:36:40,740 --> 00:36:42,534 he has the perfect cover, 600 00:36:42,534 --> 00:36:44,786 delivering illegal surrogate babies 601 00:36:44,786 --> 00:36:46,871 without raising suspicion. 602 00:36:46,871 --> 00:36:50,166 Doc, how did you get involved in the surrogacy business? 603 00:36:55,046 --> 00:36:57,507 MARIANA: And so what convinced you to do it then? 604 00:37:16,109 --> 00:37:18,445 MARIANA: Sub-Saharan Africa has the world's highest 605 00:37:18,445 --> 00:37:20,738 maternal mortality rate. 606 00:37:20,738 --> 00:37:25,285 A Kenyan woman is 15 times more likely to die during childbirth 607 00:37:25,285 --> 00:37:27,996 than a woman in the United States. 608 00:37:27,996 --> 00:37:30,665 The doctor tells me he personally knows of Kenyans 609 00:37:30,665 --> 00:37:34,836 who have died delivering babies for foreign couples. 610 00:37:34,836 --> 00:37:36,379 But because this is illegal, 611 00:37:36,379 --> 00:37:39,924 their families never find out what happened to them. 612 00:37:41,468 --> 00:37:43,762 Are you getting emotional talking about this? 613 00:37:45,722 --> 00:37:50,935 ♪ ♪ 614 00:37:56,941 --> 00:37:57,942 MARIANA: How many other doctors 615 00:37:57,942 --> 00:38:00,945 are out here in Kenya doing this? 616 00:38:04,157 --> 00:38:05,200 MARIANA: A dozen? 617 00:38:07,744 --> 00:38:09,996 MARIANA: The doctor tells me he's delivered surrogate babies 618 00:38:09,996 --> 00:38:13,666 for Australians, Canadians, and Americans, 619 00:38:13,666 --> 00:38:19,214 sometimes five babies a month; so many that he's lost count. 620 00:38:19,214 --> 00:38:21,049 So why did you agree to talk to us? 621 00:38:36,689 --> 00:38:41,319 ♪ ♪ 622 00:38:41,319 --> 00:38:43,363 MARIANA: Sorry, there's a car that parked 623 00:38:43,363 --> 00:38:46,324 right there with, uh, smoke windows 624 00:38:46,324 --> 00:38:49,828 that looks very suspicious. 625 00:38:49,828 --> 00:38:50,870 (beep) 626 00:38:50,870 --> 00:38:53,331 Hey, guys, can you hear me on walkie? 627 00:38:53,331 --> 00:38:54,749 Hi. 628 00:38:54,749 --> 00:38:57,710 Hey, any idea who that car is that parked right there? 629 00:38:58,920 --> 00:39:00,797 MARIANA: Nobody came out of the car. 630 00:39:00,797 --> 00:39:03,049 If it's, could be undercover cops, 631 00:39:03,049 --> 00:39:06,052 it could be a lot of things. 632 00:39:06,052 --> 00:39:09,973 We send someone in my team to investigate. 633 00:39:09,973 --> 00:39:11,641 Okay, she's walking. 634 00:39:11,641 --> 00:39:14,185 ♪ ♪ 635 00:39:14,185 --> 00:39:19,482 ♪ ♪ 636 00:39:19,482 --> 00:39:20,984 Let's see what she says. 637 00:39:26,322 --> 00:39:29,492 MARIANA: They're definitely checking us out, 100%. 638 00:39:29,492 --> 00:39:33,204 I don't know what you want to do, move, move or... 639 00:39:33,204 --> 00:39:34,747 Hey, guys, we're not feeling comfortable, 640 00:39:34,747 --> 00:39:36,583 and Doctor is definitely not feeling comfortable 641 00:39:36,583 --> 00:39:39,544 with this location right now, so we're going to move. 642 00:39:39,544 --> 00:39:41,087 I've been in enough of these situations 643 00:39:41,087 --> 00:39:44,215 where I know when we're being watched. 644 00:39:44,215 --> 00:39:49,637 ♪ ♪ 645 00:39:49,637 --> 00:39:52,724 (horn honking) 646 00:39:52,724 --> 00:39:54,892 ♪ ♪ 647 00:39:54,892 --> 00:39:57,145 Are they coming? 648 00:40:01,316 --> 00:40:03,818 MARIANA: The doctor is too frightened to continue, 649 00:40:03,818 --> 00:40:08,156 but he gives me a lead on where to head next. 650 00:40:08,156 --> 00:40:10,742 He says he only delivers the babies, 651 00:40:10,742 --> 00:40:13,912 he doesn't create and implant the embryos. 652 00:40:13,912 --> 00:40:17,248 That has to happen inside of one of the six 653 00:40:17,248 --> 00:40:20,460 state-of-the-art IVF clinics. 654 00:40:20,460 --> 00:40:22,503 We know there's an existence of this black market, 655 00:40:22,503 --> 00:40:25,673 and this black market doesn't exist without an IVF clinic. 656 00:40:25,673 --> 00:40:27,008 It just doesn't. 657 00:40:37,143 --> 00:40:40,229 MARIANA: Dr. Joshua Noreh is the Medical Director 658 00:40:40,229 --> 00:40:42,523 at the Nairobi IVF Center, 659 00:40:42,523 --> 00:40:45,151 the biggest fertility clinic in the country, 660 00:40:45,151 --> 00:40:46,986 where they perform up to 100 661 00:40:46,986 --> 00:40:49,989 embryo implantations every month. 662 00:40:49,989 --> 00:40:52,033 But how can you be sure that the surrogate mothers 663 00:40:52,033 --> 00:40:53,910 that you're implanting 664 00:40:53,910 --> 00:40:56,871 aren't in fact going to be exploited later on? 665 00:41:08,800 --> 00:41:11,761 MARIANA: Does that bother you, knowing that possibly 666 00:41:11,761 --> 00:41:14,847 you're a part, a very important part of this process? 667 00:41:19,727 --> 00:41:22,188 MARIANA: Dr. Noreh assures me that his clinic 668 00:41:22,188 --> 00:41:25,108 takes great pains to vet their surrogates 669 00:41:25,108 --> 00:41:27,860 and weed out criminal operators. 670 00:41:27,860 --> 00:41:31,155 But because the IVF process is highly specialized, 671 00:41:31,155 --> 00:41:34,617 it's clear that at least one of Kenya's six clinics 672 00:41:34,617 --> 00:41:36,119 is implanting embryos 673 00:41:36,119 --> 00:41:39,038 into the country's black market surrogates. 674 00:41:39,038 --> 00:41:41,124 What I still don't understand is how the babies 675 00:41:41,124 --> 00:41:43,167 are getting out of the country. 676 00:41:43,167 --> 00:41:45,795 In Kenya, custody can only be transferred 677 00:41:45,795 --> 00:41:48,840 to the biological parents through the court system. 678 00:41:48,840 --> 00:41:51,467 But that can take months, even years, 679 00:41:51,467 --> 00:41:53,219 which sends frightened foreigners 680 00:41:53,219 --> 00:41:55,805 into the arms of the underworld. 681 00:41:55,805 --> 00:41:57,098 If it is completely illegal, 682 00:41:57,098 --> 00:41:58,725 then how are the parents being able 683 00:41:58,725 --> 00:42:01,102 to take the kids out of the country? 684 00:42:06,315 --> 00:42:07,900 MARIANA: So the paperwork is forged? 685 00:42:07,900 --> 00:42:09,444 MICHELLE: Yes. 686 00:42:09,444 --> 00:42:10,945 MARIANA: But the doctor knows the baby didn't come from... 687 00:42:10,945 --> 00:42:11,988 MICHELLE: Yes. 688 00:42:15,491 --> 00:42:17,577 MARIANA: Oh, you pay the doctor? MICHELLE: Yes. 689 00:42:22,874 --> 00:42:25,084 MARIANA: I came to Kenya in search of a black market 690 00:42:25,084 --> 00:42:28,546 that operates in Nairobi's shadows. 691 00:42:28,546 --> 00:42:31,966 Instead, I uncovered an open secret. 692 00:42:31,966 --> 00:42:35,720 One that takes place in broad daylight. 693 00:42:35,720 --> 00:42:38,765 This lucrative supply chain connects couples 694 00:42:38,765 --> 00:42:42,101 with savvy agents who manipulate poor surrogates 695 00:42:42,101 --> 00:42:44,645 and pay off some ambitious doctors, 696 00:42:44,645 --> 00:42:49,108 inside the city's best hospitals. 697 00:42:49,108 --> 00:42:52,487 With so many illicit steps needed to procure a baby, 698 00:42:52,487 --> 00:42:54,155 it's hard to believe that couples 699 00:42:54,155 --> 00:42:56,866 from places like Australia and America 700 00:42:56,866 --> 00:42:59,368 are kept completely in the dark. 701 00:42:59,368 --> 00:43:00,411 Do you think they know that? 702 00:43:02,205 --> 00:43:03,748 MARIANA: You tell them, look, what you're doing is actually illegal? 703 00:43:07,335 --> 00:43:08,836 MARIANA: And what do they say? 704 00:43:13,549 --> 00:43:14,467 MARIANA: They do it? 705 00:43:19,514 --> 00:43:24,060 (children shouting playfully) 706 00:43:29,190 --> 00:43:33,110 (sobbing) 707 00:43:33,110 --> 00:43:35,780 NEWSCASTER: And once again, in the center of Europe, 708 00:43:35,780 --> 00:43:39,534 innocent women, men and children are dying. 709 00:43:39,534 --> 00:43:41,869 MARIANA: By the fourth month of the war in Ukraine, 710 00:43:41,869 --> 00:43:44,956 nearly 9,000 civilian casualties were documented 711 00:43:44,956 --> 00:43:46,958 across the country. 712 00:43:46,958 --> 00:43:50,753 (bell tolling) 713 00:43:50,753 --> 00:43:56,425 This grim statistic wasn't going to deter one American couple. 714 00:43:56,425 --> 00:43:59,846 GIO: Whether it takes a war or, you know, whatever, 715 00:43:59,846 --> 00:44:03,891 for us to go through to get, to get this, 716 00:44:03,891 --> 00:44:05,893 that's nothing to us, no. It's all worth it. 717 00:44:09,438 --> 00:44:11,524 MARIANA: Unlike Kenya, there are specific laws 718 00:44:11,524 --> 00:44:14,485 regulating commercial surrogacy in Ukraine. 719 00:44:14,485 --> 00:44:17,738 These laws are intended to make sure that every child 720 00:44:17,738 --> 00:44:21,784 is delivered to its rightful biological parents. 721 00:44:21,784 --> 00:44:24,453 Gio and Candace were initially having difficulty 722 00:44:24,453 --> 00:44:27,206 proving their relationship to their son. 723 00:44:27,206 --> 00:44:29,584 But Bryan Stern and Project Dynamo 724 00:44:29,584 --> 00:44:33,629 were able to clear up the confusion. 725 00:44:33,629 --> 00:44:35,840 So Candace and Gio just met 726 00:44:35,840 --> 00:44:40,011 the surrogate mother's mother and son. 727 00:44:40,011 --> 00:44:43,222 The surrogate mother is inside with the baby, 728 00:44:43,222 --> 00:44:46,267 and this is the moment of the big, the big meeting. 729 00:44:46,267 --> 00:44:48,436 You know, they're very, very anxious and nervous 730 00:44:48,436 --> 00:44:51,105 for this moment. 731 00:44:51,105 --> 00:44:52,273 BRYAN: You guys ready? CANDACE: Yeah. 732 00:44:52,273 --> 00:44:53,399 BRYAN: You guys ready? GIO: Yes, I'm ready. 733 00:44:53,399 --> 00:44:55,109 BRYAN: You ready, you want to meet him? 734 00:44:55,109 --> 00:44:59,363 MARIANA: (gasps) Oh, my god! That's the surrogate mother! 735 00:44:59,363 --> 00:45:06,204 ♪ ♪ 736 00:45:06,204 --> 00:45:10,458 After years of frustration trying to conceive, 737 00:45:10,458 --> 00:45:15,880 a 6,000-mile journey, and a full-scale war, 738 00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:19,592 Gio and Candace are finally going to meet their son. 739 00:45:19,592 --> 00:45:21,844 GIO: Oh, he's come, he's coming right now. 740 00:45:21,844 --> 00:45:23,763 BRYAN: He comes. 741 00:45:23,763 --> 00:45:27,767 MARIANA: So this is it! Oh, wow, the baby's coming out. 742 00:45:27,767 --> 00:45:29,477 BRYAN: Baby Vincent! 743 00:45:29,477 --> 00:45:33,522 ♪ ♪ 744 00:45:33,522 --> 00:45:34,523 MARIANA: What's the first thing you're going to do 745 00:45:34,523 --> 00:45:36,150 when you see him? 746 00:45:36,150 --> 00:45:39,570 CANDACE: Baby breath, just everything. (chuckles) 747 00:45:39,570 --> 00:45:45,409 ♪ ♪ 748 00:45:45,409 --> 00:45:47,370 BRYAN: He looks just like you. 749 00:45:50,248 --> 00:45:51,832 GIO: That smell, you know that baby smell? 750 00:45:51,832 --> 00:45:55,628 I want to smell my boy for the first time. 751 00:45:55,628 --> 00:45:56,921 You know what I mean? Like, feel that? 752 00:45:56,921 --> 00:45:59,882 MARIANA: Oh, I do. 753 00:45:59,882 --> 00:46:03,761 GIO: And it's becoming a reality. 754 00:46:03,761 --> 00:46:05,179 (sniffles) 755 00:46:05,179 --> 00:46:07,723 ♪ ♪ 756 00:46:07,723 --> 00:46:13,270 ♪ ♪ 757 00:46:13,270 --> 00:46:15,272 Vincent. 758 00:46:15,272 --> 00:46:21,153 ♪ ♪ 759 00:46:21,153 --> 00:46:23,322 We want to bring forth a life 760 00:46:23,322 --> 00:46:26,450 and give all the gifts that we have. 761 00:46:26,450 --> 00:46:29,328 Oh, you're... 762 00:46:31,747 --> 00:46:34,292 CANDACE: Oh, he's so beautiful. 763 00:46:34,292 --> 00:46:38,379 ♪ ♪ 764 00:46:44,885 --> 00:46:46,971 MARIANA: As this American family makes its way 765 00:46:46,971 --> 00:46:49,348 out of war-torn Ukraine, 766 00:46:49,348 --> 00:46:52,184 there's no doubt that of all the products I've pursued 767 00:46:52,184 --> 00:46:57,023 in my career, this one is the most beautiful. 768 00:46:59,275 --> 00:47:03,863 This is a marketplace that isn't initially motivated by greed, 769 00:47:03,863 --> 00:47:06,741 but by love. 770 00:47:06,741 --> 00:47:11,662 Then why does it go wrong in so many parts of the world? 771 00:47:11,662 --> 00:47:12,997 Why do you think it is an industry 772 00:47:12,997 --> 00:47:15,624 that is prone to having this dark side? 773 00:47:15,624 --> 00:47:16,917 SUSAN KERSCH-KIBLER: Because it preys on people's 774 00:47:16,917 --> 00:47:19,670 hopes and dreams 775 00:47:19,670 --> 00:47:22,590 in a very vulnerable situation. 776 00:47:22,590 --> 00:47:25,634 Surrogacy is never someone's first option. 777 00:47:25,634 --> 00:47:28,721 It's always their very, very last option. 778 00:47:28,721 --> 00:47:30,473 MARIANA: Susan Kersch-Kibler has been a helpful 779 00:47:30,473 --> 00:47:35,561 and insightful contact since the very start of my investigation. 780 00:47:35,561 --> 00:47:37,563 She's a commercial surrogacy advocate 781 00:47:37,563 --> 00:47:41,275 and the owner of Delivering Dreams International Surrogacy, 782 00:47:41,275 --> 00:47:44,904 the Ukraine-based agency that employs Olya. 783 00:47:44,904 --> 00:47:48,115 Why do you think surrogacy is illegal in so many countries, 784 00:47:48,115 --> 00:47:50,993 including in countries where it used to be legal? 785 00:47:50,993 --> 00:47:54,288 SUSAN: They didn't have any regulations, nothing. 786 00:47:54,288 --> 00:47:58,501 There's so many intermediaries taking money, 787 00:47:58,501 --> 00:48:00,252 no standards of care, 788 00:48:00,252 --> 00:48:04,131 no standards of protection for the women; nothing. 789 00:48:04,131 --> 00:48:08,260 MARIANA: In my experience, that's true of any black market, 790 00:48:08,260 --> 00:48:12,014 profits are valued over people, even if those people 791 00:48:12,014 --> 00:48:15,392 are pregnant women and unborn babies. 792 00:48:17,311 --> 00:48:22,108 Susan believes that outlawing surrogacy isn't the solution; 793 00:48:22,108 --> 00:48:24,276 regulation is. 794 00:48:24,276 --> 00:48:27,029 But creating new laws to protect Kenya's surrogates 795 00:48:27,029 --> 00:48:29,698 is far from guaranteed. 796 00:48:29,698 --> 00:48:35,663 Until then, they're at the mercy of the black market. 797 00:48:35,663 --> 00:48:37,123 And can I ask you, Agnes, 798 00:48:37,123 --> 00:48:39,834 how much money are you making from surrogacy? 799 00:48:41,961 --> 00:48:44,004 MARIANA: 25... 800 00:48:44,004 --> 00:48:45,881 thousand doll--25,000 dollars? 801 00:48:47,800 --> 00:48:51,053 MARIANA: Agnes is another sex worker Michelle recruited. 802 00:48:51,053 --> 00:48:52,430 But the payment she's been promised 803 00:48:52,430 --> 00:48:54,807 sounds extremely suspect. 804 00:48:54,807 --> 00:49:00,187 It's far more than any surrogacy offer I've encountered in Kenya. 805 00:49:00,187 --> 00:49:01,480 That's a lot of money. 806 00:49:01,480 --> 00:49:04,108 Is she really going to get $25,000? 807 00:49:13,826 --> 00:49:16,495 MARIANA: Agnes is already seven months pregnant. 808 00:49:16,495 --> 00:49:19,456 She's carrying a child for a German couple. 809 00:49:19,456 --> 00:49:22,418 Have you received any money whatsoever, Agnes? 810 00:49:22,418 --> 00:49:24,086 Nothing yet. 811 00:49:24,086 --> 00:49:26,213 Doesn't part of the money, should come before? 812 00:49:31,927 --> 00:49:33,345 MARIANA: But that's really risky, 813 00:49:33,345 --> 00:49:35,264 considering you're already seven months pregnant. 814 00:49:35,264 --> 00:49:38,309 Are you sure you're going to receive that money? 815 00:49:38,309 --> 00:49:40,060 I trust Michelle. 816 00:49:40,060 --> 00:49:41,812 MARIANA: You trust Michelle. 817 00:49:41,812 --> 00:49:44,398 From what I've seen, trust isn't enough 818 00:49:44,398 --> 00:49:48,527 to protect Kenya's surrogates from exploitation. 819 00:49:48,527 --> 00:49:49,862 And even if Agnes receives 820 00:49:49,862 --> 00:49:52,323 all the money she's been promised, 821 00:49:52,323 --> 00:49:56,285 her story will be the exception, not the rule. 822 00:50:06,670 --> 00:50:10,883 (baby crying) 823 00:50:10,883 --> 00:50:12,760 Captioned by Side Door Media Services