1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:06,640 --> 00:00:12,600 (THE CHILD IMITATES THE RUMBLE OF A PLANE) 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:12,640 --> 00:00:15,960 {\an8}(Parmitano, child) This is me, Luca Parmitano, as a child. 5 00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:19,120 {\an8}Flying has always been my passion. 6 00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:21,960 {\an8}SICILY, ITALY 1980 7 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:37,760 (THE VOICE OF THE CHILD OVERLAPS THE VOICE OF LUCA SPEAKING THROUGH A RADIO) 8 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:54,880 (Parmitano) I think we all desire what we see. 9 00:00:54,920 --> 00:00:58,680 I grew up with cartoons, 10 00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:01,520 American ones, but especially Japanese 11 00:01:01,560 --> 00:01:07,480 about space, robots and great explorations in this accessible universe. 12 00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:11,320 While in the real world, 13 00:01:11,360 --> 00:01:15,480 the first Space Shuttle missions 14 00:01:15,520 --> 00:01:17,840 were being broadcast on TV. 15 00:01:20,240 --> 00:01:21,360 Time! 16 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:25,240 (LUCA PARMITANO SPEAKS THROUGH THE RADIO) 17 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:28,800 (Parmitano) One of my earliest memories 18 00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:32,440 is being asked what I wanted to be when I grew up, 19 00:01:32,480 --> 00:01:36,320 and, as a child, I said: an astronaut. 20 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:42,960 I said it with the same spirit a child today says: Superman or Batman. 21 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:45,000 It was the same idea. 22 00:01:47,640 --> 00:01:50,560 (Parmitano) But that idea 23 00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:56,360 of a job that is unique, wonderful, fun, adventuresome, 24 00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:58,840 has stayed with me all my life. 25 00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:05,160 (Parmitano, child) As years passed, I became more humble, modest, 26 00:02:05,200 --> 00:02:09,800 but at present I am the only Italian who has walked in space, 27 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:13,480 the first to command the International Space Station. 28 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:19,400 (Parmitano) A child growing up in Sicily, 29 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:24,640 somewhat the outskirts of Italy and Europe, 30 00:02:24,680 --> 00:02:27,640 grows up far from the reality of space technology. 31 00:02:27,680 --> 00:02:30,640 In Sicily there are no structures 32 00:02:30,680 --> 00:02:34,280 that connect you to the aerospace world. 33 00:02:34,320 --> 00:02:36,200 So, I drew away from the idea. 34 00:02:38,920 --> 00:02:45,600 I was brought close to the idea of flying when I was an adolescent. 35 00:02:48,400 --> 00:02:53,400 That's when the path began taking shape 36 00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:57,040 which, 30 years later, led me to wear 37 00:02:57,080 --> 00:03:00,120 a spacesuit for the first time. 38 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:15,520 (Parmitano, child) I went to Russia in 2010 for the first time. 39 00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:21,080 I have a special tie to this country. 40 00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:28,320 Russia started training military personnel in 1960 41 00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:32,080 and has sent 120 cosmonauts into space. 42 00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:33,840 The first man... 43 00:03:37,320 --> 00:03:39,320 and the first woman. 44 00:04:01,240 --> 00:04:04,480 (THE MAN SPEAKS RUSSIAN) 45 00:04:10,200 --> 00:04:12,880 {\an8}(Parmitano, child) The city of stars... 46 00:04:12,920 --> 00:04:15,760 {\an8}The first group of cosmonaut candidates 47 00:04:15,800 --> 00:04:19,000 arrived in Moscow to start training, 48 00:04:19,040 --> 00:04:23,840 but in July 1960 the unit was moved here, 49 00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:26,400 15 miles from Moscow. 50 00:04:26,440 --> 00:04:28,800 A top secret area. 51 00:04:28,840 --> 00:04:30,680 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 52 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:37,600 (Parmitano) It's a closed military area surrounded by walls and a gate, it still exists, 53 00:04:37,640 --> 00:04:43,560 and was built for the Soviet Union Cosmonaut Program 54 00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:46,680 in the late 1950s, early 1960s. 55 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:50,960 The first selection of cosmonauts lived and trained here, 56 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:55,160 among whom Yuri Gagarin, Titov, 57 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:57,160 Aleksej Leonov and so on. 58 00:05:03,040 --> 00:05:05,720 (Parmitano) In the last ten years, since I became an astronaut, 59 00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:09,040 I've seen continuous change. 60 00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:13,960 I arrived here in the winter of 2010. 61 00:05:14,000 --> 00:05:19,640 There was no supermarket, there was one Soviet-style shopping mall 62 00:05:19,680 --> 00:05:23,280 with very little to buy. 63 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:27,920 You had to leave Star City and go to a nearby city. 64 00:05:32,200 --> 00:05:34,040 It furnishes much more now, 65 00:05:34,080 --> 00:05:40,800 but the original atmosphere of Star City has almost been lost, 66 00:05:40,840 --> 00:05:46,400 what I remember of my first years, my travels and training here in Russia. 67 00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:59,720 (Parmitano) We're entering via a service gate because a cosmonaut just re-entered. 68 00:06:00,480 --> 00:06:03,720 The building is in two parts, one is isolated, for quarantine, 69 00:06:03,760 --> 00:06:06,440 and one for the others living here. 70 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:12,720 This is the "Prophylactoryum", another historic building in Star City. 71 00:06:23,440 --> 00:06:26,520 This is the hall on the third floor, 72 00:06:26,560 --> 00:06:28,720 the floor for European astronauts. 73 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:33,360 All European astronauts have lived in these rooms, 74 00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:35,160 at various times in their training. 75 00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:43,600 (Parmitano) The first time I came here, nearly ten years ago, I had room 31, 76 00:06:43,640 --> 00:06:47,160 this time I preferred number 34, 77 00:06:47,200 --> 00:06:51,600 because it's closer to the coffee machine and the bed is more comfortable. 78 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:56,000 (INAUDIBLE VOICES) 79 00:06:57,440 --> 00:07:01,320 (Parmitano) Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space and he departed alone. 80 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:05,440 Now there are three of us leaving: me, Italian and European, 81 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:09,920 Alexander Skvortsov, a Russian cosmonaut 82 00:07:09,960 --> 00:07:13,520 and Andrew, called Drew, an American from NASA. 83 00:07:13,560 --> 00:07:18,080 This strengthens the friendship and cooperation already among us on Earth. 84 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:24,920 This statue of Yuri Gagarin hides a flower behind his back. 85 00:07:24,960 --> 00:07:28,160 Yuri Gagarin is this great hero in the USSR 86 00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:31,840 in the 1960s he was the first man to fly in space, 87 00:07:31,880 --> 00:07:35,600 but his nature remained that of a man on Earth 88 00:07:35,640 --> 00:07:40,520 with a flower symbolizing the odors, tastes, colors of the Earth 89 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:43,200 which he saw from space for the first time. 90 00:07:43,240 --> 00:07:47,800 (Parmitano, child) I never thought I'd become so long-winded over time. 91 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,760 (Parmitano, child) Andrew, help me out! 92 00:07:52,320 --> 00:07:57,160 (Parmitano) Mister, Doctor, Colonel Andrew Morgan, called Drew, 93 00:07:57,200 --> 00:08:03,240 will be my second-in-command during Expedition 61, when I take command of the Station. 94 00:08:03,280 --> 00:08:08,320 We've known each other since 2013, working together during these years, 95 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:10,360 but, during this last year and a half, 96 00:08:10,400 --> 00:08:16,480 we've trained together in the United States, Japan, in Europe, 97 00:08:16,520 --> 00:08:19,840 underwater, hours and hours of work together. 98 00:08:19,880 --> 00:08:22,160 So, when we leave on July 20th, 99 00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:25,480 I think we'll have a really good time. 100 00:08:25,520 --> 00:08:27,960 Yes, I agree. 101 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,160 (LUCA AND DREW SING A SONG) 102 00:08:30,200 --> 00:08:38,520 (DREW PLAYS THE HARMONICA) 103 00:08:38,560 --> 00:08:41,200 (Parmitano) I should have brought my guitar, man. 104 00:08:41,240 --> 00:08:44,080 (Parmitano) Ladies and gentlemen... 105 00:08:44,120 --> 00:08:50,360 # Superman! La la la la, Superman! # 106 00:08:52,840 --> 00:09:01,280 (Parmitano, child) # Superman! La la la la, Superman! La la la la, Superman! # 107 00:09:11,640 --> 00:09:19,640 (FAINT DIALOGUES) 108 00:09:24,080 --> 00:09:27,200 (Parmitano) According to Russian tradition, after the training phase 109 00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:32,200 begins the theoretical phase which ends with practical exams. 110 00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:37,080 There are two phases to the exams: 111 00:09:37,120 --> 00:09:40,600 the commander and the pilot of the Soyuz 112 00:09:40,640 --> 00:09:45,240 must take individual exams before a commission 113 00:09:45,280 --> 00:09:49,280 to show they are able to intervene manually in the phases 114 00:09:49,320 --> 00:09:53,760 of flight with the Soyuz that are most complex, dangerous. 115 00:09:54,360 --> 00:10:00,920 The first is the approach, the second is contact with the Station, the docking, 116 00:10:00,960 --> 00:10:03,520 and the third is the re-enter phase. 117 00:10:14,920 --> 00:10:19,240 (Parmitano) It is tradition to sign a large book after the exam, 118 00:10:19,280 --> 00:10:21,320 in Gagarin's office. 119 00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:26,080 Everything here is exactly as it was on the date and time of his death 120 00:10:26,120 --> 00:10:30,800 on March 27, 1968, at just 34 years of age. 121 00:10:42,640 --> 00:10:45,480 Let's go. It's our bus. 122 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:57,920 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 123 00:10:57,960 --> 00:11:03,120 (Parmitano, child) Before leaving, every astronaut lays a carnation at the Kremlin wall 124 00:11:03,160 --> 00:11:05,800 where Yuri Gagarin's tomb is. 125 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:09,880 It's a tradition and a mandatory gesture. 126 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:47,600 (HAPPY MUSIC) 127 00:11:48,320 --> 00:11:54,160 (APPLAUSE) 128 00:11:54,200 --> 00:11:58,400 (Parmitano) These days are the last with my family before our departure. 129 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:02,800 Then I will enter quarantine and be able to see them 130 00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:05,800 only through a window, however, at a distance. 131 00:12:11,520 --> 00:12:13,600 (Parmitano) Being a father... 132 00:12:14,440 --> 00:12:17,720 should be a full time job 133 00:12:17,760 --> 00:12:21,160 and for which no training exists. 134 00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:26,040 We start from zero and the moment our children are born, 135 00:12:26,080 --> 00:12:30,440 we must already be professionals and take the situation in hand. 136 00:12:30,760 --> 00:12:36,080 There can be no training, because each child is a different world. 137 00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:41,600 It's normal that distance creates stress. 138 00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:44,800 In my experience, the only way 139 00:12:44,840 --> 00:12:49,360 to relate to our children, to maintain that relationship, 140 00:12:49,400 --> 00:12:53,080 is open communication from the start, 141 00:12:53,120 --> 00:12:58,120 to help them see that to stand by them, physical presence isn't necessary. 142 00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:02,200 Loving one's own children means 143 00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:05,040 giving them the certainty 144 00:13:05,080 --> 00:13:08,600 of your being there for them when they need you, 145 00:13:08,640 --> 00:13:12,640 creating a virtual place 146 00:13:12,680 --> 00:13:15,360 in which to take refuge at anytime. 147 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:17,160 Sure, it's the hardest thing to do. 148 00:13:19,160 --> 00:13:24,240 (Parmitano) My role as a father is to give them the map, 149 00:13:24,280 --> 00:13:27,440 the means to be able to realize their dreams. 150 00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:31,400 My task will be to urge them on, encourage them, 151 00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:35,280 give support, offer a hand, but not give the direction. 152 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:40,040 I miss everything about Italy. 153 00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:45,080 I left Sicily at 16 to go to America, 154 00:13:45,120 --> 00:13:49,120 right after that I entered the Air Force Academy. 155 00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:54,960 (Parmitano, child) I left Italy definitively in 2007 for France, 156 00:13:55,000 --> 00:13:58,040 then Germany and finally, the United States. 157 00:13:58,080 --> 00:14:01,560 (Parmitano) I feel the distance. 158 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:06,440 I miss the Sicilian sea with its scents, its colors, 159 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:11,560 but I'm the result of the life choice I made 160 00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:14,680 and so, I don't stand here reflecting 161 00:14:16,320 --> 00:14:18,880 and complaining. 162 00:14:19,920 --> 00:14:28,240 (A BAND PLAYS AND SING AN HAPPY SONG) 163 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:33,160 (Parmitano, child) When I go into space, I fly! 164 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:36,560 And I'm going to America! 165 00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:43,360 The Americans went to the moon, I want to go to America. 166 00:14:44,600 --> 00:14:48,000 (Parmitano) That's what I said as a child and so it was. 167 00:14:53,840 --> 00:14:57,520 (Parmitano) When I first arrived in America, I was still in high school. 168 00:14:57,560 --> 00:15:02,120 Now my daughters study here and I work, have worked, at NASA 169 00:15:02,160 --> 00:15:04,320 here in Texas. 170 00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:18,280 (Coach) Today what we're gonna do is a quick shakeout run. 171 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:22,600 - What this will do is keep your body lose. - Alright. Let's do this. 172 00:15:24,760 --> 00:15:29,640 (Parmitano) To be Ironman still winning the title is fantastic. 173 00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:34,920 For those active in this sport, the Ironman Triathlon is a unique event. 174 00:15:35,440 --> 00:15:36,600 Hi, everybody! 175 00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:44,640 - How are things? - Fine. Hot? 176 00:15:44,680 --> 00:15:46,080 Hoof! 177 00:15:50,840 --> 00:15:55,320 (Parmitano, child) I decided to prepare for Ironman while I was still in orbit, in 2013. 178 00:15:55,360 --> 00:16:00,480 There's physical deterioration after a mission, and a long rehabilitation period. 179 00:16:00,520 --> 00:16:04,240 I wanted to show it could be done within a year after returning to Earth. 180 00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:18,520 (Parmitano, child) Who could have guessed that for sport, I'd have swum 2.4 miles, 181 00:16:18,560 --> 00:16:22,160 biked 112 miles and ended with a marathon? 182 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:24,200 (THE CHILD SIGHS) 183 00:16:24,680 --> 00:16:27,920 (Parmitano) Here I calculate the time for a full race. 184 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:38,600 I'll describe a typical lunch. It really is my typical lunch. 185 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:41,600 I don't know if other athletes do this diet. I don't think so. 186 00:16:41,640 --> 00:16:44,680 One measure of nuts, 187 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:47,640 I think they're called Brazil nuts, 188 00:16:47,680 --> 00:16:50,520 pumpkins seeds, two measures. 189 00:16:50,560 --> 00:16:57,200 I hope Italian food-lovers and international chefs aren't aghast, 190 00:16:57,240 --> 00:16:59,080 but this is my lunch. 191 00:16:59,120 --> 00:17:03,600 (Parmitano, child) My eating habits have changed through the years and will again. 192 00:17:20,440 --> 00:17:25,480 (Parmitano, child) The launch is one year away, I'm ending the theoretical part of my training, 193 00:17:25,520 --> 00:17:28,520 now, at last, the practical part begins. 194 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:17,640 (FAINT DIALOGUES) 195 00:18:40,160 --> 00:18:45,040 (Parmitano) A spacesuit is called an EMU, Extravehicular Mobility Unit. 196 00:18:45,080 --> 00:18:48,480 It's comprised of about 18 thousand parts. 197 00:19:01,440 --> 00:19:04,440 The outside layer is puncture resistant, 198 00:19:04,480 --> 00:19:08,240 it protects from extreme changes in temperature, solar radiation 199 00:19:08,280 --> 00:19:13,200 and micrometeorites, that travel more than 27 miles per hour. 200 00:19:13,240 --> 00:19:16,520 (Parmitano, child) And I'd add: what a hole without it! 201 00:19:17,880 --> 00:19:21,080 (Parmitano) A spacesuit is the most expensive attire in the world, 202 00:19:21,120 --> 00:19:23,840 it costs about 15 million dollars. 203 00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:30,520 Among the materials used for the outside are: nylon, neoprene and Gore-Tex. 204 00:19:31,240 --> 00:19:34,280 Underneath we wear a special garment 205 00:19:34,320 --> 00:19:37,240 that is called LCVG, Liquid Cooling and Venting Garment, 206 00:19:37,280 --> 00:19:42,920 covered in cooling tubes to the length of about 300 feet. 207 00:19:44,080 --> 00:19:48,560 And we use cooled water to maintain a constant body temperature 208 00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:52,560 during extra-vehicular activity, or EVA. 209 00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:59,080 A spacesuit permits the dispersion of body heat, 210 00:19:59,120 --> 00:20:02,560 the controlling of connections, and the communications needed 211 00:20:02,600 --> 00:20:05,520 to monitor the state of health of the astronaut. 212 00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:11,520 We also wear adult absorbent pads to accumulate urine. 213 00:20:12,240 --> 00:20:14,560 (Parmitano, child) I didn't wear diapers as a child 214 00:20:14,600 --> 00:20:18,400 but I had to wear them in space at 42 years of age! 215 00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:35,640 (Parmitano) The spacesuit weighs about 308 pounds here on Earth. 216 00:20:38,360 --> 00:20:41,680 Training has saved my life many times, 217 00:20:41,720 --> 00:20:46,560 both as a pilot and during my second EVA, 218 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:49,520 when the spacesuit had a failure. 219 00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:55,520 - (Woman) Action! - (Man) Yes! 220 00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:02,120 (Parmitano, child) Food tastes the same in space, 221 00:21:02,160 --> 00:21:05,360 but it's the way it's eaten that can be galactic! 222 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:12,440 It's like a rainbow of colors in here! 223 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:15,280 (Parmitano) Space food is no different than food on Earth. 224 00:21:15,320 --> 00:21:18,320 To take it into space, it must be pre-cooked 225 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:22,200 or ready-to-eat, maybe adding water. 226 00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:33,120 Ready? 227 00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:37,880 - (Parmitano) Say it. - (Woman) Three... two... one! 228 00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:40,160 Oh! 229 00:21:41,200 --> 00:21:43,400 Well, we guess we do. 230 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:01,240 Good morning! 231 00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,440 (Parmitano) NASA trainers call them "Acers", 232 00:22:05,480 --> 00:22:10,560 it's an acronym to indicate 233 00:22:10,600 --> 00:22:15,080 they're both exercisers and trainers of our physiological recovery. 234 00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:22,280 (Parmitano, child) In space, muscles atrophy 235 00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:26,680 and there are problems of osteoporosis due to the lack of vitamin D 236 00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:30,520 given the impossibility of being in the open air. 237 00:22:38,360 --> 00:22:43,600 (Parmitano, child) All astronauts do 2.5 hours of mandatory physical activity 238 00:22:43,640 --> 00:22:48,240 to avoid muscle complications caused by microgravity. 239 00:22:58,320 --> 00:23:02,600 (Parmitano, child) There's also a galactic vision... in all senses. 240 00:23:10,680 --> 00:23:14,440 (Parmitano, child) With less gravity, the body tends to lengthen. 241 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:17,640 (Parmitano) I think I lengthened almost 2 inches. 242 00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,600 (Parmitano) Training in the pool is one of my favorites. 243 00:23:51,640 --> 00:23:57,760 It puts you close to space conditions while still on Earth. 244 00:24:08,200 --> 00:24:13,040 (Parmitano) Dressing seems very complicated on Earth, 245 00:24:13,080 --> 00:24:16,840 in orbit it is too, but for different reasons. 246 00:24:16,880 --> 00:24:21,440 Here, it's a problem of gravity and dimensions. 247 00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:25,760 In orbit it's harder to get inside 248 00:24:25,800 --> 00:24:29,920 because we can't push ourselves into the spacesuit, 249 00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:36,080 so, in a certain sense, although it's different, it's realistic for when we're in orbit. 250 00:24:52,760 --> 00:24:56,480 (Parmitano, child) The pool at NASA is one of the largest in the world. 251 00:24:56,520 --> 00:25:02,080 202 feet long, 101 feet wide and 40 feet deep. 252 00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:11,440 Under the water is a partial replica of the International Space Station. 253 00:25:11,480 --> 00:25:15,720 (Parmitano) The advantage of working underwater is that the spacesuit is, 254 00:25:15,760 --> 00:25:18,080 as far as possible, in neutral balance. 255 00:25:18,120 --> 00:25:21,680 This allows us to get familiar with the spacesuit, 256 00:25:21,720 --> 00:25:24,160 which would normally weigh hundreds of pounds, 257 00:25:24,200 --> 00:25:27,640 without the exertion of this weight on you. 258 00:25:29,200 --> 00:25:32,960 What we need to understand when we work in the pool 259 00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:36,200 is the exertion, frustration 260 00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:40,400 of working in a very strenuous, pressurized environment 261 00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,240 in which movement is limited. 262 00:25:43,280 --> 00:25:49,840 It's a full-scale, 360-degree training, with similarities and diversities, 263 00:25:49,880 --> 00:25:53,200 but, in general, it's an extraordinary training. 264 00:25:53,240 --> 00:25:58,600 The only type of training that teaches the use of a spacesuit. 265 00:25:58,640 --> 00:26:01,520 (FAINT VOICE FROM THE COMPUTER) 266 00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:06,160 (Man) And you cut out a little bit... 267 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,880 (Parmitano) A spacesuit is totally isolated, pressurized. 268 00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:14,560 The pressurization gives an atmosphere inside the spacesuit, 269 00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:17,080 when in extra-vehicular activity or underwater, 270 00:26:17,120 --> 00:26:20,520 so not to be crushed by the pressure of the water. 271 00:26:21,360 --> 00:26:26,080 From a physical standpoint, it's one of our most complex training drills 272 00:26:26,120 --> 00:26:32,160 because it's like doing endurance sport activity, therefore, long duration. 273 00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:35,760 We spend six hours underwater, more than seven inside the spacesuit, 274 00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:39,400 including pressurization, dressing and so on. 275 00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:42,240 It's exhausting, 276 00:26:42,280 --> 00:26:48,360 we can't eat, we have only half a quart of water 277 00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,320 and all movement is extremely tiring. 278 00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:57,520 My hands are white, this is due to the pressure of the spacesuit. 279 00:26:57,560 --> 00:27:02,080 My nails are a bit ruined because of the pressure of the gloves. 280 00:27:02,120 --> 00:27:05,520 The spacesuit is adapted to each astronaut, 281 00:27:05,560 --> 00:27:10,400 but it's not tailor-made, so there are some constrictions. 282 00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:17,200 (Parmitano, child) # La la la la, Superman! # 283 00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:22,240 # La la la la, Superman! La la la la! # 284 00:27:22,280 --> 00:27:25,600 (Parmitano) We begin with the wet suit, the number-slot belt. 285 00:27:29,520 --> 00:27:31,520 We go over the checklist. 286 00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:35,520 Okay, we're good to go. 287 00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:42,520 (Parmitano) The Ironman Triathlon started in Hawaii. 288 00:27:42,560 --> 00:27:47,040 It was born in Honolulu as the result of a bet. 289 00:27:47,080 --> 00:27:52,760 Some athletes were chatting about which sport, 290 00:27:52,800 --> 00:27:57,720 which athlete, had the greatest endurance. 291 00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:01,560 "Let's have a race in which we combine all three!" 292 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:08,520 One of them said: "The one who wins will be called Ironman". 293 00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:19,800 (Parmitano, child) And now to bed early, wake-up is before dawn. 294 00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:22,960 At 5:30 I have to be there. 295 00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:28,160 # La la la la, Superman! # Superman! 296 00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:38,360 (Parmitano) It's 6:40. 297 00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:43,080 I'm about to head to the starting area, my heat starts at 7:15. 298 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:48,040 I got up at 4:30 for breakfast. 299 00:28:48,080 --> 00:28:51,280 I prepared my emplacement 300 00:28:51,320 --> 00:28:55,640 with my shoes and helmet for the bike, and my running shoes. 301 00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,960 We'll be starting soon. 302 00:29:11,640 --> 00:29:13,240 (FAINT WORDS) 303 00:29:20,480 --> 00:29:22,960 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 304 00:29:53,960 --> 00:29:57,280 {\an8}JAXA, JAPAN 305 00:30:52,760 --> 00:30:55,840 (INAUDIBLE WORDS) 306 00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:02,360 (Parmitano, child) This is JAXA, the Japanese Space Agency. 307 00:31:02,400 --> 00:31:08,000 (SOUNDS OF AMAZEMENT) 308 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:09,240 (LUCA SPEAKS JAPANESE) 309 00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:13,360 - Thanks very much. I'm Maria. - Yeah? - Yeah! - How are you? 310 00:31:13,400 --> 00:31:18,120 (Parmitano) All the astronauts tasked to the International Space Station 311 00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:20,960 must do a training period here 312 00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:25,160 which varies according to the type of training necessary 313 00:31:25,200 --> 00:31:29,040 and the level of professionalism required. 314 00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:35,240 (Parmitano) You pass from a basic level, "user", 315 00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:37,360 to a middle level, "operator" 316 00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:41,240 and then to a higher level, "specialist". 317 00:31:41,280 --> 00:31:47,520 Good point! Yeah, good point. No doubt, yeah. The entrance. 318 00:31:49,120 --> 00:31:53,080 (Parmitano) On my first mission, Volare, in 2013, I was at the "user" level, 319 00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:57,960 so I came only once, for about a week. 320 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:03,880 This time, with Expedition 60-61, I am at the "operator" level. 321 00:32:03,920 --> 00:32:06,880 This is my first week of training, 322 00:32:06,920 --> 00:32:11,720 there will be another in the second phase of training, 323 00:32:11,760 --> 00:32:14,360 about six months before departure. 324 00:32:16,160 --> 00:32:21,320 There is a mock-up of "kibo", in the Japanese lab, 325 00:32:21,360 --> 00:32:25,760 the logistics part and the robot arm. 326 00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:27,000 So this is... 327 00:32:27,040 --> 00:32:29,720 Lazy back then. It's a solution we have... 328 00:32:29,760 --> 00:32:33,680 (Parmitano) In the next few days I will train and use these elements, 329 00:32:33,720 --> 00:32:37,600 both to resolve emergencies 330 00:32:37,640 --> 00:32:42,000 and to do routine work in the normal phases of utilization. 331 00:32:42,040 --> 00:32:48,280 (FAINT DIALOGUES) 332 00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:50,840 (Parmitano) The Japanese lab "kibo" 333 00:32:50,880 --> 00:32:55,640 is the largest and most modern module of the International Space Station. 334 00:32:55,680 --> 00:33:00,440 It is very well-lighted, well-made and has several unique characteristics. 335 00:33:00,480 --> 00:33:03,760 (FAINT WORDS) 336 00:33:08,720 --> 00:33:12,200 (Parmitano, child) Besides, I've always loved Japanese cartoons and robots. 337 00:33:14,160 --> 00:33:15,960 Good morning. 338 00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:30,760 - It's fish. - (Man) Yeah. 339 00:33:31,920 --> 00:33:35,200 The sushi train's begun, time to eat. 340 00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:10,920 (Parmitano) To know a culture, you need to identify 341 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:15,040 with all the phases of a person's life, 342 00:34:15,080 --> 00:34:16,800 including entertainment. 343 00:34:21,760 --> 00:34:27,040 (Parmitano) Kenji explained a tradition for all those who approach the temple. 344 00:34:27,920 --> 00:34:33,240 You're presenting yourself before the god or gods 345 00:34:33,280 --> 00:34:39,640 and you must purify your hands and mouth with the pure water of the fountain. 346 00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:56,720 (Parmitano) It's a little like fortune cookies, 347 00:34:56,760 --> 00:35:03,800 by making a small offering, you can fish a note to foresee the future. 348 00:35:03,840 --> 00:35:06,560 Let's see what Kenji-San reads on my note. 349 00:35:06,600 --> 00:35:10,200 (FAINT DIALOGUE) 350 00:35:13,120 --> 00:35:16,320 (Parmitano) He told me I must be careful on my travels, 351 00:35:16,360 --> 00:35:18,960 something regarding flames or fire. 352 00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:22,240 So, I'd better prepare for a fire emergency on board. 353 00:35:29,520 --> 00:35:33,760 (Parmitano) Fear is not weakness, the opposite, in fear courage is shown. 354 00:35:34,560 --> 00:35:38,200 Fear is a tool that allows us to survive. 355 00:36:09,520 --> 00:36:15,520 (DIALOGUES IN RUSSIAN) 356 00:36:17,120 --> 00:36:21,440 (Parmitano, child) Baikonur in Kazakhstan was the world's first launching site. 357 00:36:21,480 --> 00:36:24,920 {\an8}BAIKONUR, KAZAKHSTAN 358 00:36:26,880 --> 00:36:31,920 It was built by the Soviet Union and is now under Russian administration. 359 00:36:34,200 --> 00:36:36,960 It remained secret for years! 360 00:36:48,880 --> 00:36:52,960 From here departed Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, 361 00:36:53,000 --> 00:36:55,280 on October 4, 1957. 362 00:36:57,800 --> 00:37:02,640 From here departed the first manned launch, in 1961. 363 00:37:05,800 --> 00:37:12,240 From here departed the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963. 364 00:37:16,840 --> 00:37:21,040 From here I departed and am about to depart again. 365 00:37:30,520 --> 00:37:35,880 From here departed Laika, the first dog in space, dying after only a few hours. 366 00:37:40,240 --> 00:37:43,400 The cosmodrome observes strict criteria: 367 00:37:43,440 --> 00:37:48,360 4,163 square miles in the heart of the Kazakh Steppa, 368 00:37:48,400 --> 00:37:51,480 built in a secret, deserted place. 369 00:38:41,720 --> 00:38:46,520 (SIREN) 370 00:38:52,280 --> 00:38:53,600 (SOUND OF A ZIP CLOSING) 371 00:38:54,360 --> 00:39:08,720 (WIND BLOWING IN A MICROPHONE) 372 00:39:08,760 --> 00:39:13,520 (Parmitano) The Baikonur base is equipped for the departure of space vehicles 373 00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:16,240 both with or without a human crew. 374 00:39:38,120 --> 00:39:51,440 (WIND BLOWING IN A MICROPHONE) 375 00:40:04,400 --> 00:40:06,160 (Parmitano, child) Although there is no clear distinction 376 00:40:06,200 --> 00:40:08,120 between the atmosphere and outer space, 377 00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:11,600 there is an imaginary line, called the Kármán line, 378 00:40:11,640 --> 00:40:14,000 at 62 miles from the surface. 379 00:40:14,040 --> 00:40:19,160 Scientists say the Earth's atmosphere encounters outer space at that point. 380 00:40:24,120 --> 00:40:29,880 At Baikonur, many traditions and superstitions are respected. 381 00:40:29,920 --> 00:40:32,760 The blessing of the rocket is one of these. 382 00:41:03,040 --> 00:41:06,080 (Parmitano, child) This town was built in the desert 383 00:41:06,120 --> 00:41:09,000 as support for the workers at the Center. 384 00:41:10,680 --> 00:41:15,840 It attained city status only in 1966. 385 00:41:37,600 --> 00:41:41,800 (Parmitano, child) Here Gagarin spent his last night before going into space. 386 00:41:41,840 --> 00:41:47,760 They say there was security to prevent escape due to an eventual reconsideration, 387 00:41:47,800 --> 00:41:50,040 but it never happened. 388 00:41:51,600 --> 00:41:57,200 In the next room were doctors responsible for checking his health. 389 00:42:23,000 --> 00:42:25,160 (Parmitano, child) Here, the first machines began, 390 00:42:25,200 --> 00:42:27,680 older-generation flight systems, 391 00:42:27,720 --> 00:42:32,080 but solid and functional, improved launch after launch. 392 00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:00,400 (Parmitano) My isolation wing. 393 00:43:13,600 --> 00:43:18,680 (Parmitano) I'm climbing the stairs to the area where the astronauts live 394 00:43:18,720 --> 00:43:21,120 during their quarantine. 395 00:43:21,160 --> 00:43:26,360 This is the common area we've made into a small snack bar. 396 00:43:26,400 --> 00:43:29,120 It's the first time we've used this area. 397 00:43:30,480 --> 00:43:33,000 Here we can relax 398 00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:37,160 when we're not involved in lessons or training. 399 00:43:38,840 --> 00:43:41,720 These are our rooms, they're brand new, 400 00:43:41,760 --> 00:43:46,480 they were realized expressly for my expedition, 401 00:43:46,520 --> 00:43:49,160 my crew and I were the first to occupy them. 402 00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:52,840 This is my room, number 304. 403 00:43:56,720 --> 00:43:59,840 About twenty days ago I attained the rank of colonel, 404 00:43:59,880 --> 00:44:05,800 but I couldn't have a ceremony to validate my promotion in rank. 405 00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:08,440 - Congratulations. - Thank you. 406 00:44:18,080 --> 00:44:22,520 (Parmitano, child) Whoever leaves Earth from here must first plant a tree. 407 00:44:23,480 --> 00:44:27,840 To date, there have been 227 of us, even Gagarin did. 408 00:44:32,400 --> 00:44:36,200 (Parmitano) One day, 6 hours and 24 minutes till departure. 409 00:44:45,960 --> 00:44:49,360 This is the last good-bye to my family, 410 00:44:49,400 --> 00:44:54,360 I'm behind the window and they're here waving to me. 411 00:44:54,400 --> 00:44:55,960 - Hi! - Hi. 412 00:44:59,000 --> 00:45:01,760 The next time I'll be in my spacesuit. 413 00:45:02,400 --> 00:45:04,520 - Hi. - Hi! 414 00:45:10,000 --> 00:45:13,520 (APPLAUSE) 415 00:45:13,560 --> 00:45:15,680 (Parmitano) We've very close to departure. 416 00:45:15,720 --> 00:45:19,160 We're ready, an entirely new adventure is starting. 417 00:45:19,200 --> 00:45:25,120 (APPLAUSE) 418 00:45:34,360 --> 00:45:45,120 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 419 00:46:09,600 --> 00:46:11,160 (FAINT WORDS) 420 00:46:26,560 --> 00:46:28,320 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 421 00:46:36,200 --> 00:46:39,920 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 422 00:46:42,760 --> 00:46:47,440 (INAUDIBLE DIALOGUES) 423 00:47:25,840 --> 00:47:29,080 (FAINT WORDS) 424 00:47:29,120 --> 00:47:34,160 {\an8}(Parmitano) During the first radio call, you have to say something more than "hi". 425 00:47:35,360 --> 00:47:39,080 {\an8}You can even say, "Hi Dad". That would be good. 426 00:47:40,960 --> 00:47:43,360 {\an8}The boots are Prada. 427 00:47:43,400 --> 00:47:47,560 (PEOPLE LAUGH) 428 00:47:47,600 --> 00:47:50,640 {\an8}These boots are not made for walking. 429 00:47:50,680 --> 00:47:52,960 (PEOPLE LAUGH) 430 00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:55,480 {\an8}They are like size 55. 431 00:47:56,120 --> 00:47:59,080 Cause they go on top of the spacesuit. 432 00:47:59,120 --> 00:48:06,720 And we only use them once, from here to the bus and from the bus to the rocket. And that's it. 433 00:48:07,480 --> 00:48:08,480 So... 434 00:48:14,120 --> 00:48:17,200 (FAINT DIALOGUES) 435 00:48:29,720 --> 00:48:33,760 (APPLAUSE) 436 00:48:37,520 --> 00:48:38,800 (Man) Go for it! 437 00:48:38,840 --> 00:48:41,320 (Man) Great Luca! Go Luca! 438 00:49:11,960 --> 00:49:15,280 (Parmitano) It's a moment of great emotion for everyone. 439 00:49:15,320 --> 00:49:19,080 Maybe the greatest emotion is that of a father 440 00:49:19,120 --> 00:49:22,520 who cannot hug his daughters. 441 00:49:36,600 --> 00:49:40,120 (FAINT DIALOGUES) 442 00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:53,600 (Parmitano, child) I was the first Italian to walk in space. 443 00:49:53,640 --> 00:49:55,760 To date, I hold the European record: 444 00:49:55,800 --> 00:49:59,560 33 hours and 9 minutes of space walk. 445 00:50:08,600 --> 00:50:11,880 I'm the only one to have done a concert from space 446 00:50:11,920 --> 00:50:15,520 and to have played records for a party above Earth. 447 00:50:19,800 --> 00:50:24,520 Under my command there was the first Arab astronaut in orbit. 448 00:50:28,000 --> 00:50:33,280 Under my command there was the first space walk made solely by women. 449 00:50:33,320 --> 00:50:36,800 October 18 will remain in history. 450 00:50:36,840 --> 00:50:39,840 (FAINT DIALOGUES FROM THE RADIO) 451 00:50:44,640 --> 00:50:48,920 (Parmitano, child) I hold the record for European extra-vehicular activity, six. 452 00:50:52,520 --> 00:50:58,360 (FAINT DIALOGUES FROM THE RADIO) 453 00:51:11,360 --> 00:51:16,640 (Parmitano, child) Space is the metaphor of a story of successes and hard work, 454 00:51:16,680 --> 00:51:20,560 the symbol of humanity's desire to exceed itself. 455 00:51:20,600 --> 00:51:24,120 The world must go on, 456 00:51:24,160 --> 00:51:26,200 it must go beyond. 457 00:51:34,480 --> 00:51:36,720 Commander Parmitano is an extraordinary person. 458 00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:37,960 Hi, ya all! 459 00:51:38,000 --> 00:51:40,760 Parmitano for Italians 460 00:51:40,800 --> 00:51:43,480 is a wonderful example. 461 00:51:43,520 --> 00:51:46,720 # Clappin' hands, dancin' people in the stands. # 462 00:51:46,760 --> 00:51:50,480 I'd never heard of a singing astronaut. 463 00:51:50,520 --> 00:51:51,720 But he kept perfect time. 464 00:51:51,760 --> 00:51:55,800 # I don't get bored, no I don't get bored... # 465 00:51:55,840 --> 00:52:00,320 There are women you can't dance with. What about sex in orbit?