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DISCO MUSIC PLAYS
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I'm an Iraqi,
I was born and raised in Iraq.
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It is a big-time culture shock.
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Different lifestyle.
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Completely different lifestyle.
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Life in America, man,
it just...it's beautiful.
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When they started the war, 2003,
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they want people to be a translator
with the special forces.
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I was like, "I'm in."
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We go kick doors,
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looking for anything that lead us
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to the capture of Saddam.
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I hated him, I hated the regime.
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This man destroyed the country.
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This man hurt me and hurt my family.
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A lot of people ask me,
like, "How come you?"
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"How come you the one?"
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I just...was there in the right time
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with the right people
in the right place.
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In this series,
the story of the Iraq War
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is told by civilians,
journalists and soldiers...
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..who lived through
the 2003 invasion
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and the years of chaos
that continue to this day.
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We set up the perfect conditions,
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it's the perfect storm
for an insurgency.
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The invasion basically
radicalised the whole society.
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It forced people
to religious extremes.
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That, to me, was always
one of the great ironies.
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TRANSLATION:
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How are you doing?
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This one, we're asking 2,500 down
and total price 6,900.
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Samir grew up in southern Iraq,
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but he was forced to leave
when he was 22 years old,
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because he'd taken part
in a huge uprising
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by Shia Muslims against the regime.
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CHANTING
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The rebellion ended
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when Saddam used his army
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to massacre over 80,000
of his own people.
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And hundreds of thousands more
had to flee their homes.
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This is in Nasiriyah, my city.
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That's the reason we left, quick.
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You rather to die
than get captured by these guys.
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I have a lot of friends
that are missing.
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They didn't find their bodies.
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ECHOING GUNFIRE, SHOUTING
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Hmm.
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HE SIGHS HEAVILY
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Sometimes it feels like yesterday
it happened, you know, just...
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Yeah.
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We were hoping one day
a miracle was going to happen
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that take Saddam away from power.
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And I just want to be part
of the operation,
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to go and fight,
to help free my own people.
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I just want...
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..revenge.
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Here, I'm going to show you
this appreciation letter
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that I got from the military.
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This is back in 2004,
I met President Bush.
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People, when they see
these pictures,
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they get so excited.
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They always like to...
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..hear the story.
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They like what I did.
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I wanted to be part of history
in some way,
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and I thought that working at the
CIA would, uh, enable me to do that.
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A-And I was right.
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John Nixon was a senior analyst
for the CIA
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during the Bush administration.
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He'd studied Saddam for years
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and volunteered to go to Iraq
soon after the war began.
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In your own time, John.
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Oh, I'm sorry, oh!
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I thought you were mulling over
what you were going to say. Oh, no.
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From my experience
working as a CIA analyst,
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I've come to the conclusion
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that all the best analysts have
a bit of the obsessive in them.
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MUSIC: Friend Of The Devil
by The Grateful Dead
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This is Apollo-Saturn
launch control.
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When I was young, I became
fascinated by space exploration.
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I knew all the names,
I knew all the dates.
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I even knew the Russian missions.
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I wanted to be an astronaut.
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It's very pretty out here!
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After astronauts,
it then became sporting teams,
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like hockey and baseball
and football.
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And then after that,
I became kind of obsessed
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with popular music,
like the Grateful Dead.
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And then,
when Saddam invaded Kuwait...
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..I had kind of an obsession
with him.
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Colourful stories about his family.
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There are all sorts of petty
jealousies and hatreds.
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It's like The Simpsons with guns.
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# A friend of the devil
is a friend of mine
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# If I get home before daylight
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# I just might get
some sleep tonight... #
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He was such a big part of my life.
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We would spend hours every day
talking about what he was up to -
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for years and years and years.
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He was becoming
my new Neil Armstrong, you know?
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We used to watch videotape of him
all the time.
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Oh, this is a GREAT clip!
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One of the turning points
in his rule
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is the famous Ba'ath Party
conference.
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He basically assumes the presidency,
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and there are a lot of people
who don't like that,
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and so he held this party conference
to kind of get everybody in one room
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under the pretext of having
a very important statement.
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He says, "There's been a plot,"
and he starts reading out
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names of people
he deems disloyal.
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And, suddenly,
everybody gets very nervous.
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TRANSLATION:
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APPLAUSE
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And at one point
he even gets to a name,
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and he says, "Mohammed..."
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And then he pauses,
and he says, "No, no,"
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and he crosses that out, so
everybody in the auditorium
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who's named Mohammed is like,
"Oh, thank God!" You know?
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But he subsequently has these people
arrested,
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imprisoned and then executed.
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It's political theatre,
and that wasn't lost on him.
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He sees a name,
and he wipes tears away.
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He's showing that he is doing this
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not because he's bloodthirsty
or ruthless,
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but he has to do this
for the good of the country.
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I mean, he was making a point, that
"I have the power now,
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"and you're all going to sit here
until I let you go.
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"And some of you
are not going to survive,
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"and it's me making that decision."
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And I have to be honest with you,
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I thought that maybe
if we do remove him from power,
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we can create a better situation
for Iraqis and we can help them.
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And, you know, I look back
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on those ideas that I had, and
I think they're incredibly naive.
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But, at the time, I supported
what George Bush was doing.
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I still had hopes that we could
turn this thing around,
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and catching Saddam was
a very important part of that hope.
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We acted quickly
on the intelligence,
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but it looks like we probably
missed him by about 24 hours.
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We were getting a lot of pressure
from Washington
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to find Saddam Hussein.
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And hundreds of people
are involved in this.
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But it was just very difficult,
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because the Iraqis know
that the CIA is in Baghdad,
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and they also know that they're
paying money for information.
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I am today announcing
a $25 million reward
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for information leading
to the capture of Saddam Hussein.
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And so there's a lot of reporting
coming in, and most of it's...
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most of it's garbage.
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The one that I always thought
was the funniest
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was that he was dressed as a woman
and hiding in a Baghdad bus station.
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It's the hardest place
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I've ever tried to cover
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as a journalist,
because it was so complicated.
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It was changing so fast.
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But I thought,
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partly for that reason,
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because it was a place
that was constantly changing,
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that...
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..the thing could work.
I felt that way for a long time.
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Dexter Filkins
covered the Iraq War
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for the New York Times
from 2003 until 2010.
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HELICOPTER OVERHEAD
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You may NEED that helicopter sound!
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HELICOPTER APPROACHES
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CAR ALARM BLARES
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There was this whole theory
at the time
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that Saddam had always
planned it this way.
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That he knew that his army would not
be able to resist the Americans,
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and so he had essentially...
planned for a guerrilla campaign.
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And...that he is, in fact, actually,
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not just the inspiration
for the insurgency,
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but he's actually running it.
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And so the idea was,
if we could capture Saddam,
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then the insurgency would die.
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ARCHIVE: US soldiers taking part
in another predawn raid.
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Their target -
one of Saddam Hussein's bodyguards,
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a man the US hopes could lead them
to Saddam himself.
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We killed his son in a firefight
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right down here
and around the corner.
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They had launched RPGs -
they were heavily armed.
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We raided so many places.
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Every time we get there,
it's going to be a little bit late.
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These guys are moving around.
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We bring people in,
they give us more information,
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and we move to the next.
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Ultimately, special forces
were looking for a guy
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named Mohammed Ibrahim
Omar al-Muslit.
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He was the chief bodyguard
protecting Saddam.
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This is the bodyguard, he's supposed
to know where Saddam is.
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The forces, at this moment,
they're raiding the farm,
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they're breaking doors,
kicking doors.
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All that screaming, guys screaming,
yelling, all that.
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They searched the farm - nothing.
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I was like, "Mohammed,
right now, where is Saddam?"
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He was like, "It's OK, it's OK,
he's inside the bunker."
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I was like, "Where is the bunker?"
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He's like,
"The bunker you guys stand on."
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We start looking,
it was like, "Really?"
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"How do you get to the bunker?"
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And he started doing this
with his feet.
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Then he just...
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He was like, "You got a shovel?"
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Wow!
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We didn't know it was a bunker,
because it is hard to see it.
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It was covered with dirt.
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It looks like a sewer.
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I saw a hand
coming out of that hole.
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And we all pulled him out and...
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..when we pulled this man...
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..it was like, "It's an old man."
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And then I was like...
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"It's him!"
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Ladies and gentlemen,
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we got him.
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CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
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Iraq's future has never been
more full of hope.
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There is a new opportunity
for the members of the former regime
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to end their bitter opposition.
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What we will see next
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is a picture of Saddam Hussein
at the time he was captured.
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ARCHIVE: Nobody expected
to see Saddam Hussein
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so battered, so broken,
so humiliated.
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He looks a little beat up there.
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SAMIR CHUCKLES
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He started calling me
a traitor and a spy,
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and I started punching him
in the face.
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It felt so good.
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And then he tried to bit my hand.
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He was going to bite me.
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So I grabbed from his beard, shaked
him like crazy, hard as I could.
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"You coward, you are nothing,
you're a pussy.
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"I'm going to kill you today.
You're going to be my bitch today."
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He did not like that at all!
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I told him about who I am, told him
about I was part of the uprising,
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and I started kicking him,
kicking and kicking...
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Like let me take my chance,
let me take my revenge.
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And then, finally,
my boss came and said,
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"Enough, you can't do this
any more."
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I was like, you know,
"Please, please, please."
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And he said,
"No, Samir, you can't do that."
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Boom!
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Yeah.
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BBC NEWS THEME TUNE
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Well, within the last hour,
President Bush has said
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Saddam would see the justice
he had denied millions.
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Good afternoon.
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I have a message
for the Iraqi people.
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The goals of our coalition
are the same as your goals -
250
00:16:12,683 --> 00:16:14,723
sovereignty for your country,
251
00:16:14,723 --> 00:16:16,803
dignity for your great culture,
252
00:16:16,803 --> 00:16:19,643
and for every Iraqi citizen,
253
00:16:19,643 --> 00:16:21,723
the opportunity for a better life.
254
00:16:22,723 --> 00:16:24,043
And that's the hole.
255
00:16:24,043 --> 00:16:26,163
I think it points to the fact
256
00:16:26,163 --> 00:16:29,283
that Saddam wasn't pulling
the levers of the resistance,
257
00:16:29,283 --> 00:16:30,923
because it's not the kind of place
258
00:16:30,923 --> 00:16:33,803
that you could direct
an insurgency from.
259
00:16:33,803 --> 00:16:36,083
Interestingly,
he had quite a penchant
260
00:16:36,083 --> 00:16:38,683
for Bounty bars and for Mars bars.
261
00:16:38,683 --> 00:16:41,443
Now, what about the weather
for the week ahead?
262
00:16:41,443 --> 00:16:43,283
Here is Rob McElwee. Rob.
Good evening.
263
00:17:29,723 --> 00:17:32,123
So when he was captured like that,
264
00:17:32,123 --> 00:17:34,603
like, "Ah, no, it's his double,
it's not him.
265
00:17:34,603 --> 00:17:37,923
"Impossible to be the same guy,
he's invincible.
266
00:17:37,923 --> 00:17:39,603
"He's like Hercules."
267
00:17:39,603 --> 00:17:41,723
But then, no, it's him.
268
00:17:41,723 --> 00:17:44,843
He is Saddam, but he's a person.
269
00:17:44,843 --> 00:17:46,443
He's not a god.
270
00:18:31,523 --> 00:18:35,403
16 members of Um Ibrahim's family
were executed
271
00:18:35,403 --> 00:18:39,363
because one of her brothers had been
accused of plotting against Saddam.
272
00:19:14,843 --> 00:19:19,803
Like the vast majority of Iraqis,
Um Ibrahim is a Shia Muslim.
273
00:19:21,643 --> 00:19:23,163
After years of oppression,
274
00:19:23,163 --> 00:19:26,363
most Shi'ites celebrated
the end of the regime.
275
00:19:27,483 --> 00:19:29,643
But it was the minority Sunnis,
276
00:19:29,643 --> 00:19:32,443
who made up less than 20%
of the population,
277
00:19:32,443 --> 00:19:34,843
who had always ruled in Iraq.
278
00:19:36,523 --> 00:19:38,963
Some Sunnis saw Saddam's capture
279
00:19:38,963 --> 00:19:41,603
as the end of centuries
of their power.
280
00:19:45,163 --> 00:19:46,923
Lots of explosions that day.
281
00:19:48,323 --> 00:19:53,803
And the shooting kept happening
for three, four nights.
282
00:19:56,043 --> 00:19:59,643
And it was very dangerous to go out.
283
00:19:59,643 --> 00:20:02,963
Because people were very angry,
284
00:20:02,963 --> 00:20:06,803
especially, I mean,
the supporter for Saddam.
285
00:20:06,803 --> 00:20:08,683
But then it settled down.
286
00:20:08,683 --> 00:20:11,363
GUNFIRE
287
00:20:13,763 --> 00:20:17,443
Washington is caught by surprise.
288
00:20:17,443 --> 00:20:20,563
They have a live Saddam Hussein
on their hands
289
00:20:20,563 --> 00:20:23,323
and now has to figure out,
"What are we going to do with him?"
290
00:20:23,323 --> 00:20:25,083
And so it takes a couple of days,
291
00:20:25,083 --> 00:20:26,963
and then eventually we find out
292
00:20:26,963 --> 00:20:30,483
that we're going to be the ones
in charge of debriefing him.
293
00:20:32,163 --> 00:20:34,163
At the end of 2003,
294
00:20:34,163 --> 00:20:37,003
John Nixon started
a five-week interrogation
295
00:20:37,003 --> 00:20:40,043
of Saddam Hussein for the CIA.
296
00:20:40,043 --> 00:20:41,843
We get to a door,
297
00:20:41,843 --> 00:20:43,483
and then the door opens.
298
00:20:44,683 --> 00:20:46,323
And-And there he is.
299
00:20:46,323 --> 00:20:49,123
The first thought
that came to my mind was,
300
00:20:49,123 --> 00:20:52,363
"Holy shit, it's Saddam,
it's actually him!"
301
00:20:52,363 --> 00:20:56,523
Even in his reduced state
as a prisoner,
302
00:20:56,523 --> 00:20:58,003
he had a sort of...
303
00:20:58,003 --> 00:21:00,203
I don't want to sound crazy
or anything,
304
00:21:00,203 --> 00:21:02,123
but he had a certain aura around him
305
00:21:02,123 --> 00:21:04,723
that was... You felt it.
306
00:21:04,723 --> 00:21:06,363
And I mean, it took my breath away.
307
00:21:07,443 --> 00:21:09,443
You know, I just said to him,
you know,
308
00:21:09,443 --> 00:21:11,963
"We're here to ask you
some questions,
309
00:21:11,963 --> 00:21:15,283
"and we want you to answer these
truthfully and..."
310
00:21:15,283 --> 00:21:18,883
And he listened, and then he just
sort of leaned forward,
311
00:21:18,883 --> 00:21:21,243
and he had this mean laugh,
he just like...
312
00:21:21,243 --> 00:21:24,123
HE CACKLES
313
00:21:25,643 --> 00:21:26,923
"Let me ask you something.
314
00:21:26,923 --> 00:21:28,523
"Who are you guys?
315
00:21:28,523 --> 00:21:30,923
"What are your names?
Where do you come from?
316
00:21:30,923 --> 00:21:32,443
"Identify yourselves to me."
317
00:21:32,443 --> 00:21:35,643
And he's acting
like we are his guests, you know?
318
00:21:35,643 --> 00:21:37,443
This is still his country.
319
00:21:37,443 --> 00:21:39,803
He just had this demeanour
that said,
320
00:21:39,803 --> 00:21:41,963
"Well, I come here
every Saturday night,
321
00:21:41,963 --> 00:21:44,923
"and I always greet my guests
this way, so..."
322
00:21:46,123 --> 00:21:48,803
In any event, surprisingly,
323
00:21:48,803 --> 00:21:51,483
we get very little guidance
from Washington.
324
00:21:54,203 --> 00:21:59,403
In early 2004, George Bush thinks
that Iraq is a solved problem.
325
00:22:03,843 --> 00:22:05,483
Mr Speaker...
326
00:22:07,483 --> 00:22:09,563
Since we last met in this chamber,
327
00:22:09,563 --> 00:22:11,563
the people of Iraq are free.
328
00:22:11,563 --> 00:22:15,363
CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
329
00:22:26,163 --> 00:22:28,243
Having broken the Ba'athist regime,
330
00:22:28,243 --> 00:22:31,323
we face a remnant
of violent Saddam supporters.
331
00:22:33,043 --> 00:22:35,203
We are dealing with these thugs
in Iraq
332
00:22:35,203 --> 00:22:39,923
just as surely as we dealt
with Saddam Hussein's evil regime.
333
00:22:42,043 --> 00:22:43,843
The White House wants to know,
334
00:22:43,843 --> 00:22:45,923
where is the weapons
of mass destruction?
335
00:22:45,923 --> 00:22:47,923
And it's really
all they want to know.
336
00:22:49,163 --> 00:22:53,403
And he'd say, "You found a traitor
to turn in Saddam Hussein.
337
00:22:53,403 --> 00:22:56,443
"Why don't you go find another
traitor to turn in this WMD?"
338
00:22:56,443 --> 00:22:58,523
And then he launched into
this whole thing
339
00:22:58,523 --> 00:23:01,003
about how he didn't have WMD,
and then he just said, you know,
340
00:23:01,003 --> 00:23:03,203
"You're being misled
by your leaders,
341
00:23:03,203 --> 00:23:04,843
"your leaders are terrible,
you know,
342
00:23:04,843 --> 00:23:08,043
"they are people who don't know
what they're doing,
343
00:23:08,043 --> 00:23:10,843
"and they don't know
the trouble that they're causing,
344
00:23:10,843 --> 00:23:12,363
"and they don't know the problems
345
00:23:12,363 --> 00:23:14,203
"that they're creating
for themselves.
346
00:23:14,203 --> 00:23:15,723
"Your leaders are terrible.
347
00:23:15,723 --> 00:23:17,523
"You people don't understand
what you've done."
348
00:23:17,523 --> 00:23:19,123
He said,
"Because of what you've done,
349
00:23:19,123 --> 00:23:21,683
"you remove
Saddam Hussein from power,
350
00:23:21,683 --> 00:23:24,003
"you know, Iraq is going to become
351
00:23:24,003 --> 00:23:26,163
"the playing field
for international terrorism.
352
00:23:26,163 --> 00:23:30,723
"You've created the conditions
for more terrorism, not less."
353
00:23:37,043 --> 00:23:40,083
Though Iraq was still governed
by the coalition,
354
00:23:40,083 --> 00:23:43,683
the intention was to hold democratic
elections as soon as possible.
355
00:23:45,123 --> 00:23:47,883
But the end of Saddam's police state
meant that people
356
00:23:47,883 --> 00:23:51,203
were already enjoying new freedoms
they'd been denied for decades.
357
00:24:17,683 --> 00:24:19,523
Under the old regime,
358
00:24:19,523 --> 00:24:22,763
Saddam had banned
religious festivals like Ashura,
359
00:24:22,763 --> 00:24:24,923
where Shia Muslims mourn the death
360
00:24:24,923 --> 00:24:27,083
of the grandson
of the Prophet Muhammad.
361
00:24:51,883 --> 00:24:54,283
2003 was the first time
362
00:24:54,283 --> 00:24:58,723
the Shia had been
able to celebrate Ashura in years.
363
00:24:58,723 --> 00:25:02,643
And it was beautiful,
it was amazing - and peaceful.
364
00:25:06,163 --> 00:25:07,643
2004,
365
00:25:07,643 --> 00:25:10,203
it just went...terribly bad.
366
00:25:10,203 --> 00:25:12,523
HE SIGHS
367
00:25:23,803 --> 00:25:26,883
EXPLOSION ECHOES
368
00:25:26,883 --> 00:25:30,563
SCREAMING
369
00:25:36,643 --> 00:25:40,323
They were attacked by nine bombs.
370
00:25:40,323 --> 00:25:42,083
Just a horrific attack.
371
00:25:44,683 --> 00:25:48,643
175 people dead, hundreds wounded,
bodies everywhere.
372
00:25:50,283 --> 00:25:52,643
Bombings like that became
more common later on,
373
00:25:52,643 --> 00:25:54,043
but that was one of the...
374
00:25:54,043 --> 00:25:56,923
..the really, really big ones
that showed
375
00:25:56,923 --> 00:25:59,443
just how bloody and heartless
376
00:25:59,443 --> 00:26:01,123
this thing was going to become.
377
00:26:02,563 --> 00:26:04,843
I mean, that's when it all
really fell apart.
378
00:26:06,763 --> 00:26:09,683
EXPLOSION, SCREAMING
379
00:26:11,323 --> 00:26:15,683
The Ashura bombings confirmed
that the insurgency had evolved.
380
00:26:15,683 --> 00:26:18,403
What had started
as uncoordinated attacks
381
00:26:18,403 --> 00:26:21,203
by people loyal to the old regime
382
00:26:21,203 --> 00:26:25,443
had grown into
a complex terrorist network.
383
00:26:25,443 --> 00:26:30,243
By the end of 2004,
it was known as Al-Qaeda In Iraq.
384
00:26:34,083 --> 00:26:37,883
Al-Qaeda In Iraq, which was
founded by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi,
385
00:26:37,883 --> 00:26:41,403
was basically this
kind of unkillable...
386
00:26:42,443 --> 00:26:44,003
..killing machine.
387
00:26:44,003 --> 00:26:47,003
I mean, they couldn't stop it,
you know? They could not stop it.
388
00:26:47,003 --> 00:26:48,883
He was like the evil genius. Yeah.
389
00:26:54,003 --> 00:26:57,083
Zarqawi was a Sunni extremist.
390
00:26:57,083 --> 00:27:00,243
He had decided that
because they were a minority
391
00:27:00,243 --> 00:27:02,443
and couldn't win the elections,
392
00:27:02,443 --> 00:27:05,323
the only way for Sunnis
to regain control of Iraq
393
00:27:05,323 --> 00:27:06,883
was to win a civil war.
394
00:27:06,883 --> 00:27:08,803
SIRENS AND SHOUTING
395
00:27:10,523 --> 00:27:13,083
SHE SOBS
396
00:27:23,403 --> 00:27:25,123
Americans got ahold of this letter
397
00:27:25,123 --> 00:27:28,363
that Zarqawi had written
to Bin Laden,
398
00:27:28,363 --> 00:27:31,203
and it was Zarqawi saying,
"We're going to start bombing
399
00:27:31,203 --> 00:27:35,643
"mosques and hospitals and schools
until we can provoke a backlash."
400
00:27:38,323 --> 00:27:41,003
They wanted the Shi'ite
to start killing Sunnis,
401
00:27:41,003 --> 00:27:43,523
cos that would bring the civil war.
402
00:27:43,523 --> 00:27:48,003
So, it was an incredibly
dark vision, absolutely insane.
403
00:27:48,003 --> 00:27:52,123
What wasn't clear was, you know,
whether they could pull it off,
404
00:27:52,123 --> 00:27:55,843
weather Al-Qaeda, in its insanity,
could do this.
405
00:27:57,163 --> 00:27:58,723
But the anger was building,
406
00:27:58,723 --> 00:28:01,283
and it was building and building
and building.
407
00:28:01,283 --> 00:28:03,203
You know, if you go out
into the streets,
408
00:28:03,203 --> 00:28:05,403
people would say,
"We want to strike back."
409
00:28:07,283 --> 00:28:10,043
The Shi'ites, by and large,
wanted revenge.
410
00:30:20,723 --> 00:30:22,883
SIRENS ECHO
411
00:30:49,523 --> 00:30:51,883
BEEP
412
00:30:51,883 --> 00:30:53,643
SHE LAUGHS
413
00:30:56,443 --> 00:30:58,403
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM BEEPS
414
00:31:01,843 --> 00:31:03,403
BEEP
415
00:31:06,723 --> 00:31:08,323
BEEP
416
00:31:11,883 --> 00:31:13,043
BEEP
417
00:31:15,443 --> 00:31:19,443
JOHN NIXON: Periodically, we lose
electricity and the room goes dark.
418
00:31:20,763 --> 00:31:23,603
And all of a sudden we're like...
"What happened? What happened?
419
00:31:23,603 --> 00:31:25,363
"What's going on?"
420
00:31:25,363 --> 00:31:27,523
And meanwhile, like,
Saddam never flinched.
421
00:31:27,523 --> 00:31:30,003
It just, it didn't faze him one bit.
422
00:31:30,003 --> 00:31:32,803
The other thing is that,
when we'd be talking,
423
00:31:32,803 --> 00:31:35,523
you could hear explosions
in the background,
424
00:31:35,523 --> 00:31:39,003
and he was fully aware
that things aren't going well,
425
00:31:39,003 --> 00:31:43,203
and he said, "You have to understand
Iraqis, they're always plotting,
426
00:31:43,203 --> 00:31:46,003
"and you have to keep your eyes
on them 24 hours a day."
427
00:31:48,163 --> 00:31:50,963
Saddam had his hand
on the lid, basically,
428
00:31:50,963 --> 00:31:53,003
and had these people suppressed...
429
00:31:54,643 --> 00:31:58,003
..and when we removed Saddam,
we removed his hand from the lid -
430
00:31:58,003 --> 00:32:00,003
and once the lid came off,
431
00:32:00,003 --> 00:32:04,403
out of the sewer came Zarqawi
and Al-Qaeda In Iraq.
432
00:32:07,723 --> 00:32:09,723
Some people called it
the republic of fear.
433
00:32:09,723 --> 00:32:12,403
I think Saddam would have called it
good government.
434
00:32:15,403 --> 00:32:19,763
The year 2005 will be recorded
as a turning point
435
00:32:19,763 --> 00:32:21,363
in the history of Iraq,
436
00:32:21,363 --> 00:32:25,243
the history of the Middle East,
and the history of freedom.
437
00:32:27,283 --> 00:32:30,803
The country's buzzing with sights
and sounds of democracy in action.
438
00:32:36,843 --> 00:32:39,443
Polling day has been marred
by a wave of suicide bombings
439
00:32:39,443 --> 00:32:41,603
and mortar attacks by insurgents.
440
00:32:41,603 --> 00:32:44,163
It's sometimes it's difficult
to reconcile the anger
441
00:32:44,163 --> 00:32:48,363
among so many Sunni people
and the sheer joy of Shi'ites.
442
00:32:48,363 --> 00:32:50,883
The mood here is remarkably festive,
443
00:32:50,883 --> 00:32:53,323
many people have come out
just to celebrate.
444
00:32:53,323 --> 00:32:55,683
Very, very happy today!
Very, very happy!
445
00:32:55,683 --> 00:32:56,723
SIREN WAILS
446
00:32:56,723 --> 00:32:58,683
But, as expected,
there were attacks.
447
00:32:59,963 --> 00:33:02,843
The Shias are certain to win
the largest slice of power.
448
00:33:02,843 --> 00:33:05,883
The Sunnis, on the other hand,
will be the big losers.
449
00:33:09,083 --> 00:33:10,843
The elections in 2005
450
00:33:10,843 --> 00:33:15,123
not only confirmed that the
Sunnis had lost control to the Shia,
451
00:33:15,123 --> 00:33:18,563
but, for many Iraqis,
the democratic process
452
00:33:18,563 --> 00:33:21,403
highlighted sectarian differences
for the first time.
453
00:33:24,163 --> 00:33:28,683
Before 2003, when Saddam was
controlling a dictatorship,
454
00:33:28,683 --> 00:33:30,643
you can never find someone
455
00:33:30,643 --> 00:33:33,083
who says that there is
a difference between Iraqis.
456
00:33:33,083 --> 00:33:34,483
It was very hard to.
457
00:33:34,483 --> 00:33:37,003
What do you mean, there was
a difference between Iraqis?
458
00:33:37,003 --> 00:33:39,283
I mean, there's no
difference between Iraqis.
459
00:33:39,283 --> 00:33:42,963
Like, you can't tell who's Sunni,
who's Shia, who's Christian.
460
00:33:44,803 --> 00:33:48,123
More like one country,
and one people.
461
00:33:48,123 --> 00:33:50,763
This is the good side
about that time.
462
00:33:53,083 --> 00:33:56,443
Months of aggressive campaigning
by opposing political parties
463
00:33:56,443 --> 00:34:00,683
had helped divide Iraq
into its various religious factions.
464
00:34:19,243 --> 00:34:21,803
So they started to feed these
ideas to the people.
465
00:34:22,803 --> 00:34:24,883
Who are "they"?
Who are you talking about?
466
00:34:24,883 --> 00:34:27,243
I am talking about the politicians.
467
00:34:27,243 --> 00:34:29,643
So, they split Iraq - literally.
468
00:34:32,683 --> 00:34:35,683
A very well dressed,
elegant-looking woman
469
00:34:35,683 --> 00:34:38,363
looked at me with just
incredible anger,
470
00:34:38,363 --> 00:34:40,283
and she said, um...
471
00:34:40,283 --> 00:34:42,963
"You.
472
00:34:42,963 --> 00:34:44,683
"You Americans.
473
00:34:44,683 --> 00:34:46,643
"You destroyed our country.
474
00:34:46,643 --> 00:34:48,443
"And you called it democracy."
475
00:34:53,163 --> 00:34:58,843
So, one of the things that drove
the civil war was the elections.
476
00:35:06,443 --> 00:35:10,803
There was rumours that
the Americans asked Saddam,
477
00:35:10,803 --> 00:35:16,963
"How much time do you need to make
the situation in Iraq better?"
478
00:35:16,963 --> 00:35:19,003
He said, "I will need one hour.
479
00:35:19,003 --> 00:35:23,283
"45 minutes to shave
and to change my clothes,
480
00:35:23,283 --> 00:35:27,163
"and 15 minutes
to say my speech on TV.
481
00:35:27,163 --> 00:35:32,163
"And this is how Iraq will settle
down. It will be fine." It's not...
482
00:35:36,643 --> 00:35:38,763
He believes that it
could have happened.
483
00:35:38,763 --> 00:35:40,563
He could do it.
484
00:35:47,603 --> 00:35:52,283
In October 2005, Saddam
and leading members of his regime
485
00:35:52,283 --> 00:35:55,323
began their trial
for crimes against humanity.
486
00:36:31,483 --> 00:36:32,883
UM IBRAHIM:
487
00:37:00,963 --> 00:37:02,843
ISSAM AL RAWI:
488
00:37:46,803 --> 00:37:49,243
I sat there and talked to him
like you and me are right now.
489
00:37:49,243 --> 00:37:52,083
No joke, I played chess with
the guy - and he beat me both times.
490
00:37:52,083 --> 00:37:53,283
He beat me in three moves,
491
00:37:53,283 --> 00:37:55,523
and then I said,
"You ain't going to beat me again,"
492
00:37:55,523 --> 00:37:57,603
and I'll be darned
if he didn't beat me in five.
493
00:37:57,603 --> 00:37:59,523
I don't know how the heck he did it,
to this day.
494
00:37:59,523 --> 00:38:02,563
Brandon Barfield was one
of the military police
495
00:38:02,563 --> 00:38:04,723
who guarded Saddam during his trial.
496
00:38:06,163 --> 00:38:09,123
This is the main building
that we kept him in.
497
00:38:09,123 --> 00:38:13,603
As you can see, that whole
building's basically destroyed.
498
00:38:13,603 --> 00:38:16,643
We did it so nobody would
think he was there.
499
00:38:16,643 --> 00:38:19,203
There's a little concrete wall
right here,
500
00:38:19,203 --> 00:38:21,163
and that's where he'd sit, outside -
501
00:38:21,163 --> 00:38:23,603
and this is where his plants were.
502
00:38:23,603 --> 00:38:25,123
He'd be out there every day,
503
00:38:25,123 --> 00:38:27,403
talking to them
and watering them all the time.
504
00:38:27,403 --> 00:38:30,603
You know, he'd always joke, cos
it was a bunch of weeds and stuff.
505
00:38:31,723 --> 00:38:34,483
Basically, we were baby-sitters.
Whatever he wanted, he got.
506
00:38:36,363 --> 00:38:39,523
Brandon's unit called
themselves the Super 12.
507
00:38:39,523 --> 00:38:42,083
Part of their job was to
escort Saddam to court.
508
00:38:44,963 --> 00:38:48,683
I remember, one day,
he got right to the door
509
00:38:48,683 --> 00:38:50,883
and he's like
"I'm tired, I didn't sleep good,
510
00:38:50,883 --> 00:38:52,443
"I am not going to court."
511
00:38:52,443 --> 00:38:54,683
He said, "I want to smoke a cigar,"
with his buddies,
512
00:38:54,683 --> 00:38:56,083
with all the rest of them on trial -
513
00:38:56,083 --> 00:38:58,323
and I was like, "I don't
know what to tell you, boss man,
514
00:38:58,323 --> 00:38:59,763
"you've to go to court."
515
00:38:59,763 --> 00:39:03,403
So, I opened the door,
and he goes, "Watch this."
516
00:39:03,403 --> 00:39:05,003
As soon as I opened that door,
517
00:39:05,003 --> 00:39:07,643
man, he stepped in,
he started yelling.
518
00:39:07,643 --> 00:39:10,603
Calling the judge
all kinds of names.
519
00:39:10,603 --> 00:39:13,083
THEY SPEAK IN ARABIC
520
00:39:21,843 --> 00:39:23,563
DOOR CLOSES
521
00:39:23,563 --> 00:39:27,283
He was in there maybe
three-and-a-half minutes,
522
00:39:27,283 --> 00:39:30,563
and I remember he took
a deep breath and...
523
00:39:30,563 --> 00:39:32,723
"I think I will have my cigar now."
524
00:39:32,723 --> 00:39:35,723
And I was like, "Dude,
this guy is running the court, man,"
525
00:39:35,723 --> 00:39:37,163
and I couldn't help but laugh,
526
00:39:37,163 --> 00:39:40,323
I said, "Man, you got 'em,
boss man, you got 'em."
527
00:39:40,323 --> 00:39:42,483
So, we took him downstairs,
got him the cigar,
528
00:39:42,483 --> 00:39:44,643
and he wanted all his buddies
to come down there,
529
00:39:44,643 --> 00:39:46,243
so they cancelled court that day
530
00:39:46,243 --> 00:39:48,723
and gave that man his cigars
with all his buddies.
531
00:39:48,723 --> 00:39:51,043
I just thought that was
the craziest thing, man,
532
00:39:51,043 --> 00:39:54,043
but, yeah, whatever he wanted,
he got, man.
533
00:39:58,403 --> 00:40:01,643
He was captured as a coward, man,
534
00:40:01,643 --> 00:40:04,003
but you see him at the court,
535
00:40:04,003 --> 00:40:06,883
he was screaming at the judge,
yelling,
536
00:40:06,883 --> 00:40:12,963
and he acted still like a president,
and he's not afraid of anything.
537
00:40:12,963 --> 00:40:16,523
He just started making himself
look better.
538
00:40:17,723 --> 00:40:19,843
Pissed me off, big time.
539
00:40:19,843 --> 00:40:23,243
I mean, how could
he get away with that? How?
540
00:40:23,243 --> 00:40:27,603
I mean, he committed so many crimes
against the Iraqi people,
541
00:40:27,603 --> 00:40:29,803
killing thousands
of innocent civilians.
542
00:40:32,363 --> 00:40:34,483
A person like him,
543
00:40:34,483 --> 00:40:36,883
he should not have no mercy, really.
544
00:40:43,883 --> 00:40:45,963
MAN IN GALLERY:
545
00:41:16,443 --> 00:41:19,123
How did that make you feel,
when you saw those images?
546
00:41:22,163 --> 00:41:25,803
I had a relationship at that time,
I didn't care anything.
547
00:41:25,803 --> 00:41:27,323
I didn't care about anything!
548
00:41:27,323 --> 00:41:29,523
Tell me about the mood
on the street, then.
549
00:41:29,523 --> 00:41:31,163
Do you remember
the mood of the country?
550
00:41:31,163 --> 00:41:34,883
His... His popularity grow.
551
00:41:34,883 --> 00:41:38,403
He lost it to zero, and then
he started to gain it again -
552
00:41:38,403 --> 00:41:39,923
from the court.
553
00:41:39,923 --> 00:41:41,683
On the streets?
On the streets. Yes.
554
00:41:47,643 --> 00:41:51,843
The new Shia-dominated government
begged for calm,
555
00:41:51,843 --> 00:41:55,563
but coalition troops had been unable
to stop the Al-Qaeda attacks
556
00:41:55,563 --> 00:41:56,723
on Shi'ite civilians...
557
00:41:58,723 --> 00:42:02,243
..and now Sunnis were being
targeted in retaliation.
558
00:42:07,203 --> 00:42:08,603
What is it really like
559
00:42:08,603 --> 00:42:11,323
to try to cover this war
on the ground in Iraq?
560
00:42:11,323 --> 00:42:12,883
It's dangerous.
561
00:42:12,883 --> 00:42:14,643
All the time, everywhere,
562
00:42:14,643 --> 00:42:17,283
and you just have to think through
everything that you do
563
00:42:17,283 --> 00:42:18,723
very carefully before you do it -
564
00:42:18,723 --> 00:42:21,123
but there's no way to do it
without taking a lot of risks.
565
00:42:22,843 --> 00:42:27,923
I wake up every morning
and there's 15 Sunni males,
566
00:42:27,923 --> 00:42:29,483
bullets in the back of the head,
567
00:42:29,483 --> 00:42:31,323
in one of the Sunni neighbourhoods.
568
00:42:33,643 --> 00:42:36,043
And those were the hardest
neighbourhoods to go into,
569
00:42:36,043 --> 00:42:37,763
because the Sunni neighbourhoods
570
00:42:37,763 --> 00:42:40,043
often had the big kind
of Al-Qaeda presence.
571
00:42:40,043 --> 00:42:41,243
So, it was difficult for us
572
00:42:41,243 --> 00:42:43,683
to try and figure out,
like, what's going on here -
573
00:42:43,683 --> 00:42:45,923
but slowly we kind of
pieced it together,
574
00:42:45,923 --> 00:42:48,603
and what was happening was,
575
00:42:48,603 --> 00:42:53,203
the kind of American-built,
American-trained,
576
00:42:53,203 --> 00:42:57,963
American-armed
Iraqi police force and army,
577
00:42:57,963 --> 00:43:01,283
largely Shi'ite, was, like, moving
into the Sunni neighbourhoods
578
00:43:01,283 --> 00:43:04,003
and just killing Sunnis,
and they were striking back.
579
00:43:06,283 --> 00:43:09,243
And so they had the uniforms on,
but it would be like,
580
00:43:09,243 --> 00:43:13,683
"Tonight, after work, we're going
to go into the Sunni neighbourhoods
581
00:43:13,683 --> 00:43:16,723
"out west and we're going to,
like, take down some guys.
582
00:43:19,003 --> 00:43:21,003
"We're going to set up
some checkpoints,
583
00:43:21,003 --> 00:43:26,123
"we're going to pull everybody over
and look at their ID card,
584
00:43:26,123 --> 00:43:30,003
"and if you see a Sunni name,
like Omar,
585
00:43:30,003 --> 00:43:31,763
"that's a Sunni...
586
00:43:31,763 --> 00:43:33,443
"..give it to 'em."
587
00:43:39,843 --> 00:43:44,643
We were carrying two IDs -
one for the Sunni checkpoint
588
00:43:44,643 --> 00:43:46,843
and the other
for the Shia checkpoint.
589
00:43:48,363 --> 00:43:49,443
It's different -
590
00:43:49,443 --> 00:43:52,083
the names, the tribe,
the province, everything.
591
00:43:52,083 --> 00:43:55,043
Lots of people got killed,
and they are Sunni,
592
00:43:55,043 --> 00:43:56,963
they were killed
by Sunni checkpoint,
593
00:43:56,963 --> 00:43:59,283
because they pulled the wrong ID.
594
00:43:59,283 --> 00:44:01,123
And they were like,
"No, no, no, we are Sunni,
595
00:44:01,123 --> 00:44:02,723
"but we are faking we are Shia."
596
00:44:02,723 --> 00:44:04,003
Shhh! They were killed.
597
00:44:10,403 --> 00:44:13,723
As the sectarian violence
in Baghdad intensified,
598
00:44:13,723 --> 00:44:15,603
millions fled the capital.
599
00:44:19,403 --> 00:44:20,883
I don't want to call it an exodus,
600
00:44:20,883 --> 00:44:23,283
but we have come across quite
a few people leaving for good.
601
00:44:23,283 --> 00:44:27,283
Mostly people with money. Er, the
poor can't really afford to do it.
602
00:44:27,283 --> 00:44:30,203
I have noticed a lot of doctors
and guys like that doing it.
603
00:44:31,203 --> 00:44:33,523
So, I told my family to leave Iraq -
604
00:44:33,523 --> 00:44:36,683
repeatedly told them,
"Go to Syria, like everyone else.
605
00:44:37,763 --> 00:44:39,563
Just go to Syria and live there.
606
00:44:39,563 --> 00:44:41,763
They refused. Why?
607
00:44:41,763 --> 00:44:44,123
I don't know, they say,
"No, this is our country,
608
00:44:44,123 --> 00:44:46,683
"this is the city that we have
to be here..."
609
00:44:46,683 --> 00:44:48,243
All this bullshit.
610
00:45:20,083 --> 00:45:21,723
SALLY MARS:
611
00:45:43,443 --> 00:45:44,963
How's it look on the left side?
612
00:45:51,003 --> 00:45:53,883
And still the civil war
didn't start yet.
613
00:45:53,883 --> 00:45:56,683
It was only a chaos before the war.
614
00:45:58,843 --> 00:46:02,003
When would you say
the civil war began, then?
615
00:46:02,003 --> 00:46:04,683
The civil war began 2006,
616
00:46:04,683 --> 00:46:06,763
beginning of 2006.
617
00:46:14,603 --> 00:46:18,363
The event that finally pushed
Iraq into a civil war
618
00:46:18,363 --> 00:46:21,363
was the bombing of one of
the Shia's holiest shrines.
619
00:46:26,043 --> 00:46:29,403
Every hour that passes here
brings yet more violence.
620
00:46:29,403 --> 00:46:33,003
We are now hearing about a massacre
on the outskirts of Baghdad -
621
00:46:33,003 --> 00:46:36,603
but that's just one of many,
many incidents.
622
00:46:36,603 --> 00:46:39,043
And, Jonathan,
in terms of the military response,
623
00:46:39,043 --> 00:46:41,123
what are the British
and American troops doing?
624
00:46:41,123 --> 00:46:43,763
The Americans have told
all of their troops here in Baghdad
625
00:46:43,763 --> 00:46:46,483
and the surrounding regions
that they should not travel -
626
00:46:46,483 --> 00:46:49,443
they should stay in their barracks
unless absolutely necessary.
627
00:46:49,443 --> 00:46:51,403
And it's the same in the south.
628
00:46:51,403 --> 00:46:53,163
We've had no reports
of British troops
629
00:46:53,163 --> 00:46:55,003
trying to calm the situation down.
630
00:46:57,443 --> 00:47:00,083
It was like the worst thing
ever happened to Iraq,
631
00:47:00,083 --> 00:47:04,963
because normal civilians fighting
normal civilians and for no reason.
632
00:47:04,963 --> 00:47:08,723
They were just like,
"Let's go, let's fight."
633
00:47:08,723 --> 00:47:11,883
Just because they are Sunni
and they are Shia and that's it.
634
00:47:21,083 --> 00:47:22,363
I was ready to die.
635
00:47:23,523 --> 00:47:25,323
Everyone in Iraq was ready to die.
636
00:47:26,403 --> 00:47:29,163
He knows that he could die
any minute -
637
00:47:29,163 --> 00:47:32,123
random bullets, explosion,
638
00:47:32,123 --> 00:47:35,963
American convoy - anything
in the street could kill you.
639
00:47:43,523 --> 00:47:45,963
It was like hell in Iraq.
640
00:47:54,723 --> 00:47:58,523
I don't think there is a family...
and they didn't lose anyone.
641
00:48:00,363 --> 00:48:02,443
Everyone was losing everyone.
642
00:48:08,443 --> 00:48:10,523
Can you tell me what happened
to your brother?
643
00:48:10,523 --> 00:48:11,723
Shit.
644
00:48:12,843 --> 00:48:14,763
Do I have to?!
645
00:48:14,763 --> 00:48:16,603
Of course you don't have to.
646
00:48:22,243 --> 00:48:24,683
It's, er... I hate that moment.
647
00:48:26,723 --> 00:48:30,243
My brother was, er...he...
648
00:48:33,043 --> 00:48:35,723
He was killed in a very brutal way.
649
00:48:37,523 --> 00:48:41,843
The mortar shell
fell right on his head.
650
00:48:43,843 --> 00:48:48,683
And he was...
He became pieces. Literally.
651
00:48:50,163 --> 00:48:51,643
I saw the pieces.
652
00:48:53,803 --> 00:48:58,403
And we collected
the pieces to make a body,
653
00:48:58,403 --> 00:49:01,763
so my mum thinks that there's
a human.
654
00:49:03,843 --> 00:49:07,883
But there wasn't...a human.
655
00:49:09,803 --> 00:49:11,803
I don't want to talk about it,
please.
656
00:49:48,483 --> 00:49:50,483
One day, when I was talking
to Saddam
657
00:49:50,483 --> 00:49:52,203
he said,
"I know where this is headed.
658
00:49:52,203 --> 00:49:54,123
"I know I'm never getting out
of here,
659
00:49:54,123 --> 00:49:56,563
"and I know that this is going to
lead to my death,"
660
00:49:56,563 --> 00:49:59,603
but he said,
"I am at peace with my God,
661
00:49:59,603 --> 00:50:03,323
"and everything that I did,
I did for the Iraqi people,"
662
00:50:03,323 --> 00:50:06,483
and, er, basically,
"I am OK with that."
663
00:50:58,283 --> 00:51:00,523
Sergeant Coleman
called me to the office,
664
00:51:00,523 --> 00:51:02,603
like, "Hey, he's going
to be hung now,"
665
00:51:02,603 --> 00:51:06,123
and I was like, "Er, how are
we going to tell him that?"
666
00:51:06,123 --> 00:51:08,203
And he said, "Well, I'm just going
to go in there,
667
00:51:08,203 --> 00:51:09,763
"you wake him up
and I'll tell him."
668
00:51:09,763 --> 00:51:11,843
So me and him were standing next
to the cell
669
00:51:11,843 --> 00:51:16,203
when Sergeant Coleman, the only
thing he said was, "Sir, it's time."
670
00:51:17,403 --> 00:51:20,163
And so he, literally,
he threw the covers off,
671
00:51:20,163 --> 00:51:22,003
and he goes, "I am ready."
672
00:51:22,003 --> 00:51:23,523
And that was it.
673
00:51:23,523 --> 00:51:25,043
That's the Rhino right here.
674
00:51:26,083 --> 00:51:29,283
Is that the vehicle that took
Saddam to the gallows?
675
00:51:29,283 --> 00:51:31,123
Yes, the exact same one.
676
00:51:36,643 --> 00:51:38,963
He shook my hand and told me
I was a good soldier,
677
00:51:38,963 --> 00:51:42,683
and then he gave me some money
with his picture on it.
678
00:51:42,683 --> 00:51:44,323
He gave everybody the same thing.
679
00:51:44,323 --> 00:51:46,083
And then he got to the
front of the bus
680
00:51:46,083 --> 00:51:48,923
and he started crying
and said bye to everybody -
681
00:51:48,923 --> 00:51:52,603
but he didn't bawl, you know,
you could tell he was crying,
682
00:51:52,603 --> 00:51:55,203
he wiped his eyes and he...
683
00:51:55,203 --> 00:51:57,843
..you know held his hand up
and waved bye to everybody
684
00:51:57,843 --> 00:51:59,683
and then said bye
and got off the bus.
685
00:52:02,563 --> 00:52:08,163
He was upset because he was being
hung and being treated as a traitor.
686
00:52:08,163 --> 00:52:10,643
He said that was a coward's way
to go out.
687
00:52:10,643 --> 00:52:13,123
He wanted to be killed by
a firing squad,
688
00:52:13,123 --> 00:52:15,963
cos that's the way he said soldiers
were supposed to die.
689
00:52:17,843 --> 00:52:23,123
And, er, he had his wife's scarf on
that she made him.
690
00:52:23,123 --> 00:52:24,723
He refused to take it off,
691
00:52:24,723 --> 00:52:27,763
because that was his way
of his wife being with him.
692
00:52:30,483 --> 00:52:32,363
He used to talk about her
all the time.
693
00:52:48,923 --> 00:52:51,123
He knew exactly what was
going to happen.
694
00:52:51,123 --> 00:52:53,203
He knew exactly,
this was how it would be.
695
00:52:54,483 --> 00:52:58,123
It would end with him being
surrounded by his enemies
696
00:52:58,123 --> 00:53:00,563
being taunted and, er...
697
00:53:00,563 --> 00:53:02,763
It shouldn't have been like that.
698
00:53:04,643 --> 00:53:07,923
And, to me, when I saw this happen,
699
00:53:07,923 --> 00:53:10,643
I said this is the final
justification
700
00:53:10,643 --> 00:53:13,723
for the war
that has now been pulled out.
701
00:53:16,083 --> 00:53:18,323
We went there to create a new Iraq.
702
00:53:18,323 --> 00:53:21,003
At least we were going to create
rule of law,
703
00:53:21,003 --> 00:53:23,203
and that things would be different -
704
00:53:23,203 --> 00:53:26,643
but instead I saw this hanging
in the middle of the night,
705
00:53:26,643 --> 00:53:30,003
and rather than rule of law,
it's just mob justice.
706
00:53:31,763 --> 00:53:34,683
And it was at that point in time
707
00:53:34,683 --> 00:53:38,043
that I began to really feel
complicit
708
00:53:38,043 --> 00:53:40,603
in a...in an almost criminal action,
709
00:53:40,603 --> 00:53:45,723
um, and I began to come to the
belief that we shouldn't be there,
710
00:53:45,723 --> 00:53:48,243
and that we had no reason
to be there,
711
00:53:48,243 --> 00:53:50,683
and everything we do
makes the situation worse.
712
00:54:00,363 --> 00:54:03,723
This is a country that's
been brutalised, you know,
713
00:54:03,723 --> 00:54:05,883
brutalised in every way for decades.
714
00:54:07,603 --> 00:54:10,483
A lot of people were happy
the way it was done.
715
00:54:10,483 --> 00:54:12,083
They wanted that.
716
00:54:12,083 --> 00:54:14,883
No dignity, no ceremony -
kill him, do it.
717
00:54:14,883 --> 00:54:16,803
CROWD CHANTS
718
00:54:18,803 --> 00:54:22,683
But, for that moment of satisfaction
that they all got,
719
00:54:22,683 --> 00:54:24,563
you know, it was self-defeating.
720
00:54:30,723 --> 00:54:34,883
The way that he was executed
was so ghastly
721
00:54:34,883 --> 00:54:40,363
that it achieved
the kind of remarkable effect
722
00:54:40,363 --> 00:54:45,083
of turning that monster into,
in many people's eyes, a martyr.
723
00:55:15,923 --> 00:55:17,323
UM IBRAHIM:
724
00:56:54,203 --> 00:56:58,483
I didn't want to stay in the house
where my brother got killed.
725
00:56:58,483 --> 00:57:03,763
I couldn't, because I think
my family - it's their fault.
726
00:57:03,763 --> 00:57:05,883
I told them to leave Iraq,
and they didn't.
727
00:57:05,883 --> 00:57:09,523
After that they said,
"Oh, now we should go to Syria."
728
00:57:09,523 --> 00:57:10,963
No, it's too late.
729
00:57:12,483 --> 00:57:15,523
So, I couldn't, I couldn't see them.
730
00:57:15,523 --> 00:57:18,963
So I left to my uncle's house
in Ramadi,
731
00:57:18,963 --> 00:57:21,683
and I lived there for two years.
With my uncle.
732
00:57:25,083 --> 00:57:28,003
In Ramadi, Al-Qaeda were
controlling the streets.
733
00:57:33,003 --> 00:57:35,723
They control every detail
in your life.
734
00:57:35,723 --> 00:57:38,563
Of course, women are not allowed
to do anything,
735
00:57:38,563 --> 00:57:40,723
except sitting in the houses.
736
00:57:40,723 --> 00:57:43,283
They make you watch people
got killed,
737
00:57:43,283 --> 00:57:45,043
while they're killing,
738
00:57:45,043 --> 00:57:47,083
and they terrify you all the day -
739
00:57:47,083 --> 00:57:51,243
everything you can imagine,
they did.
740
00:57:51,243 --> 00:57:54,683
But at least in Anbar, Ramadi,
I know I have one enemy -
741
00:57:54,683 --> 00:57:56,443
it's Al-Qaeda.
742
00:57:56,443 --> 00:57:58,483
In Baghdad there is one thousand -
743
00:57:58,483 --> 00:58:00,923
I don't know who's want to kill
me and why,
744
00:58:00,923 --> 00:58:02,683
but in Ramadi, there is Al-Qaeda,
745
00:58:02,683 --> 00:58:05,523
I just, I have to hide from them,
and that's it.
746
00:58:09,403 --> 00:58:10,963
And then Isis came.
747
00:58:34,323 --> 00:58:36,603
The only choice you have
748
00:58:36,603 --> 00:58:40,683
is either to be a victim
or to be the killer.
749
00:58:42,083 --> 00:58:44,083
VIDEO: We have won against Isis.
750
00:58:45,563 --> 00:58:48,283
We've beaten them,
and we've beaten them badly.