1 00:00:04,923 --> 00:00:09,483 On 2011, I was sitting with my friends. 2 00:00:09,483 --> 00:00:12,323 Suddenly, a guy came. 3 00:00:12,323 --> 00:00:16,643 He was wearing a big coat, and it was huge. 4 00:00:18,803 --> 00:00:22,483 I will never forget the fear in his eyes, 5 00:00:22,483 --> 00:00:26,083 and he started to yell "Allahu akbar! Allahu akbar!" 6 00:00:26,083 --> 00:00:27,403 And he exploded. 7 00:00:29,443 --> 00:00:33,843 And he killed 12 that day, seven of them my friends. 8 00:00:35,123 --> 00:00:39,683 He was 17. His father and brother was killed by the American troops. 9 00:00:40,803 --> 00:00:43,083 And he was seeking revenge. 10 00:00:51,723 --> 00:00:56,163 BARACK OBAMA: For nearly nine years, our nation has been at war in Iraq. 11 00:00:56,163 --> 00:00:58,323 The troops are now preparing to make their final march 12 00:00:58,323 --> 00:01:00,403 across the border and out of the country. 13 00:01:01,563 --> 00:01:04,883 Iraq's future will be in the hands of its own people. 14 00:01:04,883 --> 00:01:06,763 Our war there will be over. 15 00:01:09,363 --> 00:01:11,643 At the end of 2011, 16 00:01:11,643 --> 00:01:15,123 all the coalition forces finally left Iraq. 17 00:01:16,363 --> 00:01:19,643 It just touches my heart to see our troops coming home. 18 00:01:19,643 --> 00:01:22,443 HORN HONKING 19 00:01:19,643 --> 00:01:22,443 God bless us! 20 00:01:24,123 --> 00:01:27,443 The huge surge of thousands of extra American troops had helped 21 00:01:27,443 --> 00:01:30,763 defeat Al-Qaeda in Iraq and end the civil war. 22 00:01:33,243 --> 00:01:37,123 Now, the country was being run by Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. 23 00:02:05,363 --> 00:02:07,363 DISTANT GUNFIRE 24 00:02:07,363 --> 00:02:12,243 When the Americans say that, "We did something good in Iraq," 25 00:02:12,243 --> 00:02:14,923 I want them to look into my eyes and tell me this. 26 00:02:17,603 --> 00:02:20,483 They didn't bring freedom. They brought chaos. 27 00:02:22,363 --> 00:02:24,403 Allahu akbar! 28 00:02:43,323 --> 00:02:45,283 My friend! How are you? 29 00:02:45,283 --> 00:02:48,003 How's your day? Not too bad, can't complain, yeah. 30 00:02:48,003 --> 00:02:49,683 Another day in paradise. 31 00:02:49,683 --> 00:02:51,243 LAUGHING: Yeah! 32 00:02:54,563 --> 00:02:58,443 Waleed is one of over 2 million people forced to leave Iraq 33 00:02:58,443 --> 00:03:00,923 since war began in 2003. 34 00:03:03,643 --> 00:03:07,323 He came to Canada when he was 21 years old after receiving 35 00:03:07,323 --> 00:03:10,163 death threats for working with foreign journalists. 36 00:03:12,003 --> 00:03:16,643 They do say, and it's true, "Home is where your heart is." 37 00:03:16,643 --> 00:03:18,963 And my heart is in Baghdad and forever will be. 38 00:03:20,843 --> 00:03:24,643 Plus, it's fucking cold here! 39 00:03:20,843 --> 00:03:24,643 HE LAUGHS 40 00:03:26,323 --> 00:03:28,083 I arrived to Canada. 41 00:03:28,083 --> 00:03:32,283 I met this beautiful, loving fricking woman. 42 00:03:33,363 --> 00:03:34,643 I married. 43 00:03:35,963 --> 00:03:38,123 Got educated here. 44 00:03:38,123 --> 00:03:39,963 I studied film and media. 45 00:03:41,563 --> 00:03:43,123 My name is Waleed Moudhafar. 46 00:03:44,323 --> 00:03:45,363 Sorry. 47 00:03:46,483 --> 00:03:51,003 I was really an intense individual at that time. Go. 48 00:03:51,003 --> 00:03:52,483 My name is Waleed Moudhafar. 49 00:03:53,923 --> 00:03:56,523 I left my country eight years ago. 50 00:03:56,523 --> 00:03:59,803 And now, I want to return. 51 00:04:03,363 --> 00:04:08,043 I couldn't return home until 2012, 52 00:04:08,043 --> 00:04:11,883 cos that's when I finally got my permanent residency. 53 00:04:12,923 --> 00:04:16,723 I spoke to my wife and I was like, "I can't take it any more. 54 00:04:16,723 --> 00:04:18,283 "I got to go home." 55 00:04:26,123 --> 00:04:29,043 And I knew that my brothers were waiting for me. 56 00:04:31,043 --> 00:04:34,323 LAUGHTER 57 00:04:35,523 --> 00:04:38,603 HORN HONKS, MUSIC BLARES 58 00:04:38,603 --> 00:04:43,043 I don't even know what I'm going to do when I see my mother. 59 00:04:43,043 --> 00:04:44,803 SHE ULULATES 60 00:04:44,803 --> 00:04:45,843 IN OWN LANGUAGE: 61 00:04:47,163 --> 00:04:51,283 I mean, not to see your mum for nine years... 62 00:04:51,283 --> 00:04:54,283 It was an insanely happy moment. 63 00:05:09,523 --> 00:05:11,843 MUSIC PLAYS 64 00:05:15,003 --> 00:05:17,003 And it just hit me. 65 00:05:17,003 --> 00:05:18,843 I left my brothers, they were kids. 66 00:05:19,923 --> 00:05:22,563 The youngest was nine years old. 67 00:05:22,563 --> 00:05:24,163 I put him to bed. 68 00:05:25,203 --> 00:05:28,003 And I was thinking, like, it's almost like I was in a dream and 69 00:05:28,003 --> 00:05:32,323 I just woke up and you're expecting that not two minutes have gone by. 70 00:05:40,603 --> 00:05:43,763 I wanted to do a high school friend reunion. 71 00:05:45,683 --> 00:05:48,043 Some of them, you know, started coming up with excuses 72 00:05:48,043 --> 00:05:50,963 and excuses, and there was this friend of mine called Hakem. 73 00:05:50,963 --> 00:05:53,283 He finally will was like "No, no. 74 00:05:53,283 --> 00:05:56,843 "If you want to hang out, just come here. We'll hang out, you and I." 75 00:05:56,843 --> 00:05:59,083 And I was like, "But why? Our friends?" 76 00:05:59,083 --> 00:06:02,963 And he was, like, "Because you fucking invited al-Samiri." 77 00:06:02,963 --> 00:06:04,243 "Yeah!" 78 00:06:04,243 --> 00:06:06,923 And I was like, "Do you not remember?" 79 00:06:06,923 --> 00:06:08,883 We freaking snuck out of school together. 80 00:06:08,883 --> 00:06:12,243 It was, like, we did all of these... Of course I invited him! 81 00:06:13,963 --> 00:06:17,683 And the guy was like, "Oh, you're one of those. 82 00:06:17,683 --> 00:06:18,963 "He is Sunni." 83 00:06:21,403 --> 00:06:23,123 And I was like, "Hold on. 84 00:06:24,643 --> 00:06:27,163 "Do you mean to tell me that you don't speak to him 85 00:06:27,163 --> 00:06:29,323 "because he's Sunni?" 86 00:06:30,403 --> 00:06:32,283 And he was like, "Yeah." 87 00:06:32,283 --> 00:06:35,083 And he was like, "And let me tell you something, Waleed. 88 00:06:35,083 --> 00:06:37,923 "The Iraqi you left is no more. 89 00:06:39,483 --> 00:06:41,323 "This is the new Iraq." 90 00:06:41,323 --> 00:06:43,083 SHOUTING IN ARABIC ON LOUD-HAILER 91 00:06:46,843 --> 00:06:49,803 In the two years since American troops withdrew, 92 00:06:49,803 --> 00:06:53,803 sectarian tensions that had driven the civil war resurfaced. 93 00:06:55,003 --> 00:06:57,643 All over Iraq, Sunni Muslims were protesting 94 00:06:57,643 --> 00:06:59,523 against the Shia-led government. 95 00:07:11,963 --> 00:07:13,403 Allahu akbar! 96 00:07:17,763 --> 00:07:19,243 THEY SING 97 00:07:21,363 --> 00:07:23,843 Sunni anger was being fuelled 98 00:07:23,843 --> 00:07:27,403 by Iraq's Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. 99 00:07:28,763 --> 00:07:35,483 Maliki is a Shi'ite sectarian to the end, to his core. 100 00:07:35,483 --> 00:07:38,803 He couldn't look at a Sunni Iraqi without seeing a terrorist, 101 00:07:38,803 --> 00:07:40,443 and he treated them like that. 102 00:07:40,443 --> 00:07:44,883 And on top of that, he just turns out to be just spectacularly 103 00:07:44,883 --> 00:07:46,323 breathtakingly corrupt. 104 00:07:47,363 --> 00:07:50,563 And the Americans, in their blindness, 105 00:07:50,563 --> 00:07:52,643 kept him in power forever and ever, 106 00:07:52,643 --> 00:07:55,963 and they could've gotten rid of him, they could've pushed him out. 107 00:07:58,523 --> 00:08:02,683 Dexter Filkins had been reporting on Iraq for over a decade. 108 00:08:05,803 --> 00:08:10,923 Maliki was really aggressively alienating 109 00:08:10,923 --> 00:08:13,003 the Sunni population in Iraq. 110 00:08:14,243 --> 00:08:18,603 Mass arrests, no trials, thousands of men held, 111 00:08:18,603 --> 00:08:20,243 families don't know where they are. 112 00:08:20,243 --> 00:08:22,443 They're basically just thrown in a dungeon somewhere, 113 00:08:22,443 --> 00:08:26,163 and that was happening just on a huge scale - everywhere. 114 00:08:31,683 --> 00:08:34,523 Treating them in a way that was kind of guaranteed to stir 115 00:08:34,523 --> 00:08:37,923 a kind of resentment and ultimately violence. 116 00:08:37,923 --> 00:08:40,283 You could feel it, you could feel the anger. 117 00:08:52,043 --> 00:08:54,083 I have to leave again. 118 00:08:54,083 --> 00:08:56,283 And I know something bad is going to happen. 119 00:08:56,283 --> 00:09:01,483 And I was sobbing like a kid. 120 00:09:02,923 --> 00:09:05,083 SHE SOBS 121 00:09:05,083 --> 00:09:08,443 Cos I didn't know whether I'll see them again or not. 122 00:09:41,923 --> 00:09:44,803 And saying goodbye to my brothers, like, I... 123 00:09:49,523 --> 00:09:51,123 THEY CRY 124 00:09:57,363 --> 00:10:00,163 Shit could hit the fan at any second. 125 00:10:00,163 --> 00:10:01,803 ANY second in Iraq. 126 00:10:08,843 --> 00:10:09,923 Yeah. 127 00:10:19,123 --> 00:10:21,683 Something was a-brewing. 128 00:10:21,683 --> 00:10:23,243 And that thing... 129 00:10:25,603 --> 00:10:28,163 ..fucked us for good now. 130 00:10:28,163 --> 00:10:29,723 SIRENS BLARING 131 00:10:29,723 --> 00:10:31,243 HORNS HONKING 132 00:10:58,563 --> 00:11:01,563 MAN SPEAKING ON LOUD-HAILER 133 00:11:01,563 --> 00:11:02,803 CROWD CHEERS 134 00:11:26,243 --> 00:11:28,363 We drove through the city. 135 00:11:29,643 --> 00:11:33,843 The Army that used to insult the people on a daily basis 136 00:11:33,843 --> 00:11:37,323 in the checkpoints have disappeared. 137 00:11:38,323 --> 00:11:39,603 They collapsed. 138 00:11:45,403 --> 00:11:50,723 We thought the security forces would come back, fight back, 139 00:11:50,723 --> 00:11:53,043 the terrorists would leave. 140 00:11:55,883 --> 00:11:59,963 But then when I saw the weapons, the new cars, 141 00:11:59,963 --> 00:12:02,843 they were almost all in one uniform. 142 00:12:05,403 --> 00:12:10,683 I became totally sure that Isis is here to stay. 143 00:12:16,923 --> 00:12:18,483 RAPID GUNFIRE 144 00:12:24,123 --> 00:12:27,403 Can you just explain why people are cheering? 145 00:12:27,403 --> 00:12:29,243 They weren't welcoming Isis. 146 00:12:30,763 --> 00:12:36,203 But after years of oppression from corrupted troops 147 00:12:36,203 --> 00:12:39,123 and governments, 148 00:12:39,123 --> 00:12:42,803 people felt free for the first time. 149 00:12:44,283 --> 00:12:45,723 In their life. 150 00:12:47,923 --> 00:12:50,643 This is what Isis was selling to people. 151 00:12:52,163 --> 00:12:56,163 That Maliki and his government is gone. 152 00:13:03,803 --> 00:13:07,683 Soon after the so-called Islamic State took Mosul, 153 00:13:07,683 --> 00:13:11,243 Omar lost his job as a professor of history at the university. 154 00:13:15,163 --> 00:13:18,483 When Isis came to Mosul, part of the change 155 00:13:18,483 --> 00:13:21,763 they wanted to do in the city is to change the education. 156 00:13:21,763 --> 00:13:26,923 And simply they summarised all of this by saying that, 157 00:13:26,923 --> 00:13:32,003 "Any education system that is not serving the word of Allah 158 00:13:32,003 --> 00:13:36,683 "and preparing a fighter is unaccepted education. 159 00:13:36,683 --> 00:13:40,123 "We need good Muslim fighters." 160 00:13:41,563 --> 00:13:47,723 So, they forced all the teachers to rewrite the schoolbooks. 161 00:13:50,323 --> 00:13:56,123 What we used to see as the police now is the Islamic police. 162 00:13:58,563 --> 00:14:02,843 What used to be Iraqi flag now is the black flag of Isis. 163 00:14:05,483 --> 00:14:09,563 From day one, you would see in the street 164 00:14:09,563 --> 00:14:11,963 what they call the media outlet. 165 00:14:13,323 --> 00:14:16,763 Putting on the TV, on the monitor, Isis videos. 166 00:14:16,763 --> 00:14:18,403 Showing their propaganda. 167 00:14:19,483 --> 00:14:22,723 Each mosque had one media point, 168 00:14:22,723 --> 00:14:30,563 very big screens like those used in public squares to watch football. 169 00:14:30,563 --> 00:14:31,803 VIDEO PLAYING 170 00:14:33,323 --> 00:14:37,243 MUSIC PLAYS 171 00:15:05,563 --> 00:15:11,443 I saw, myself, children between 12 to 15 years old 172 00:15:11,443 --> 00:15:14,763 joining Isis just after watching a video. 173 00:15:25,843 --> 00:15:30,883 Beyond this checkpoint and the first Isis checkpoint on the eastern 174 00:15:30,883 --> 00:15:36,843 edge of Mosul, there's perhaps 1,000 yards of no man's land. 175 00:15:36,843 --> 00:15:39,643 This was as close as we dare go. 176 00:15:39,643 --> 00:15:43,363 We could just make out the jihadist's black-and-white flag. 177 00:15:47,843 --> 00:15:52,043 I went to the Kurdish part of Iraq right after Isis had rolled in. 178 00:15:52,043 --> 00:15:56,283 And I looked into the Caliphate. 179 00:15:56,283 --> 00:16:00,723 And, black flag, checkpoints. 180 00:16:00,723 --> 00:16:03,443 I remember just thinking, like, "There it is." You know? Like, 181 00:16:03,443 --> 00:16:07,923 for years, Al-Qaeda was this, like, shadow army. 182 00:16:07,923 --> 00:16:11,603 They blow up a mosque, they blow up a market, and then they disappear. 183 00:16:11,603 --> 00:16:14,003 And, like, these guys, like, they took the territory. 184 00:16:14,003 --> 00:16:17,203 And it was like... It was the Islamic State, and you could see it, 185 00:16:17,203 --> 00:16:21,323 and there it was - right in front of me, a big black flag. 186 00:16:26,883 --> 00:16:28,763 Crazy. 187 00:16:28,763 --> 00:16:31,203 How did you feel looking into the Caliphate? 188 00:16:31,203 --> 00:16:32,803 HE CHUCKLES 189 00:16:33,803 --> 00:16:35,763 HE EXHALES FORCEFULLY 190 00:16:37,443 --> 00:16:38,723 Man... 191 00:16:42,323 --> 00:16:43,843 Man, I don't know how I felt then. 192 00:16:45,683 --> 00:16:48,803 I... Look, I was... 193 00:16:48,803 --> 00:16:51,523 At that point, looking into the Caliphate, I was... 194 00:16:53,723 --> 00:16:57,603 You know, once again, the Americans had, like, thrown it away. You know? 195 00:16:57,603 --> 00:17:00,163 They'd thrown it away. I mean, I was there in 2003 196 00:17:00,163 --> 00:17:03,883 when they took down Saddam - they threw it away, you know? 197 00:17:03,883 --> 00:17:07,003 I was there in 2008 after the surge, 198 00:17:07,003 --> 00:17:09,123 and the violence had gone to nothing. 199 00:17:09,123 --> 00:17:12,243 It was done. Al-Qaeda was finished. 200 00:17:12,243 --> 00:17:13,683 And what happens? 201 00:17:13,683 --> 00:17:17,683 The Americans leave, and so Omar al-Baghdadi, 202 00:17:17,683 --> 00:17:19,963 he's the leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq, 203 00:17:19,963 --> 00:17:23,523 he dispatches like half a dozen guys to Syria. 204 00:17:26,683 --> 00:17:30,923 Like, go to Syria and form essentially what becomes Isis. 205 00:17:30,923 --> 00:17:34,483 And that takes basically two years. 206 00:17:34,483 --> 00:17:38,283 And it's an army that invades Iraq. 207 00:17:40,963 --> 00:17:44,483 It's the same guys. It's the same guys, they just changed T-shirts. 208 00:17:45,643 --> 00:17:47,603 Al-Qaeda to Isis. 209 00:18:01,963 --> 00:18:05,283 You could trace that thing all the way back to 2003. 210 00:18:05,283 --> 00:18:07,963 All the people who were in it, all the mistakes that the Americans 211 00:18:07,963 --> 00:18:13,323 had made, and it all had manifested itself into this. 212 00:18:13,323 --> 00:18:16,643 HORNS HONKING 213 00:18:30,563 --> 00:18:31,803 GUNFIRE 214 00:18:33,403 --> 00:18:39,163 Two days after the attack on Mosul, Isis forces pushed south to Tikrit. 215 00:18:39,163 --> 00:18:42,523 Birthplace of Iraq's former dictator Saddam Hussein. 216 00:19:26,403 --> 00:19:30,803 Camp Speicher had been built by the Americans during the war. 217 00:19:30,803 --> 00:19:35,083 It was now being used by the Iraqi Army to train new recruits. 218 00:19:59,403 --> 00:20:03,923 Ali Hussein Kadhim lives 250km south of Tikrit 219 00:20:03,923 --> 00:20:06,763 in a region that is almost entirely Shia. 220 00:20:09,603 --> 00:20:14,323 He started his army training just 12 days before Isis attacked. 221 00:20:45,403 --> 00:20:47,403 MAN SINGING 222 00:21:32,603 --> 00:21:35,963 When news reached the base that Isis had invaded Tikrit, 223 00:21:35,963 --> 00:21:37,683 most of the officers fled, 224 00:21:37,683 --> 00:21:40,243 leaving thousands of untrained cadets 225 00:21:40,243 --> 00:21:41,683 to fend for themselves. 226 00:22:13,643 --> 00:22:15,603 MEN YELL IN DISTANCE 227 00:22:15,603 --> 00:22:16,923 THEY YELL BACK 228 00:22:54,123 --> 00:22:57,283 Many of the Isis commanders were once part of Saddam's regime. 229 00:22:58,323 --> 00:23:00,483 When they rounded up the young cadets, 230 00:23:00,483 --> 00:23:05,043 they sent the Sunnis home and only took the Shia to repent. 231 00:23:06,563 --> 00:23:10,243 OVERLAPPING SPEECH 232 00:24:57,363 --> 00:24:59,123 NO AUDIO 233 00:25:05,843 --> 00:25:08,803 GUNSHOTS 234 00:25:15,003 --> 00:25:16,563 HE SIGHS SHAKENLY 235 00:25:58,843 --> 00:26:00,763 HE SIGHS 236 00:26:10,763 --> 00:26:12,403 IMITATES SNORING 237 00:26:30,523 --> 00:26:35,163 Over 1,500 cadets were slaughtered by Isis. 238 00:26:35,163 --> 00:26:38,883 Hussein Kadhim was the only known survivor. 239 00:26:53,523 --> 00:26:56,603 But some of the young recruits had evaded capture 240 00:26:56,603 --> 00:26:58,803 and were now desperately trying to escape. 241 00:27:32,363 --> 00:27:33,843 DISTANT SHOUTS 242 00:27:58,803 --> 00:28:02,963 Three days before the massacre, Um Qusay's eldest son and husband 243 00:28:02,963 --> 00:28:04,203 had gone to Mosul. 244 00:28:05,243 --> 00:28:07,963 They were murdered at an Isis checkpoint. 245 00:28:39,243 --> 00:28:44,083 Though Um Qusay and the people of Al Alam were mostly Sunnis, 246 00:28:44,083 --> 00:28:49,083 they risked certain death by hiding nearly 900 Shia cadets. 247 00:29:54,563 --> 00:29:58,203 SHE PRAYS 248 00:30:42,963 --> 00:30:44,523 APPLAUSE 249 00:30:46,283 --> 00:30:50,523 This award is reserved for those women around the world 250 00:30:50,523 --> 00:30:53,163 who have shown incredible courage. 251 00:30:53,163 --> 00:30:55,243 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 252 00:33:37,323 --> 00:33:39,883 MAN YELLING ON TV 253 00:33:45,803 --> 00:33:47,603 I was back in Canada. 254 00:33:47,603 --> 00:33:54,043 My brother called me and he was like, "Daesh just took over Tikrit." 255 00:33:56,563 --> 00:33:58,843 And then the Speicher thing happened. 256 00:34:01,563 --> 00:34:07,483 It was a matter of time until Daesh come to Baghdad, and we're Shia. 257 00:34:08,763 --> 00:34:11,323 Cos my dad is Shia, so we're known as a Shia, 258 00:34:11,323 --> 00:34:13,803 and my dad was in the army. 259 00:34:15,243 --> 00:34:16,763 So, first mark. 260 00:34:18,643 --> 00:34:20,563 Like, they will be the first to go. 261 00:34:21,843 --> 00:34:25,243 And I was like, "OK, how much money do you have?" 262 00:34:25,243 --> 00:34:27,963 And he was like, "I don't have any." And I was like, "All right. 263 00:34:27,963 --> 00:34:31,963 "OK, give me one day, and I'll come back to you." 264 00:34:31,963 --> 00:34:37,523 So, I scrounged up as much money as I can put together, send it over and 265 00:34:37,523 --> 00:34:41,323 I was like, "You buy tickets right now and you go to Turkey right now." 266 00:34:42,363 --> 00:34:47,643 So, I moved the whole family to Turkey within a matter of a week. 267 00:34:47,643 --> 00:34:50,643 And I remember talking to my wife and telling her, I was like... 268 00:34:52,763 --> 00:34:53,963 "It just never stops. 269 00:34:56,483 --> 00:35:00,283 "It never stops. Nobody wants us to stay alive." 270 00:35:01,483 --> 00:35:05,683 Like, Daesh made us look at Al-Qaeda time and they were like, 271 00:35:05,683 --> 00:35:08,563 "They're just a bunch of jokers, these guys!" 272 00:35:10,323 --> 00:35:12,603 And they were in comparison. 273 00:35:21,363 --> 00:35:23,083 We heard of Speicher. 274 00:35:24,843 --> 00:35:28,123 As Isis distributed directly videos, 275 00:35:28,123 --> 00:35:30,203 so we were aware of what was happening. 276 00:35:32,363 --> 00:35:35,483 They were talking like that it is a great victory 277 00:35:35,483 --> 00:35:37,363 for the Islamic State. 278 00:35:37,363 --> 00:35:39,883 GUNSHOT ON TV 279 00:35:43,123 --> 00:35:44,803 GUNSHOTS 280 00:35:46,963 --> 00:35:50,723 But I still remember seeing those people in the truck 281 00:35:50,723 --> 00:35:52,363 while begging Isis. 282 00:35:53,563 --> 00:35:57,043 And this guy who was killing them using the pistol 283 00:35:57,043 --> 00:35:58,963 and throwing them into the river. 284 00:36:01,203 --> 00:36:04,203 W-W-Who would be able to do this? 285 00:36:04,203 --> 00:36:05,483 Who CAN do this? 286 00:36:09,883 --> 00:36:12,643 One of my students became a member of Isis. 287 00:36:13,843 --> 00:36:15,723 I mean, what are you doing? 288 00:36:17,643 --> 00:36:21,003 I wanted to talk to him 289 00:36:21,003 --> 00:36:24,883 as if I'm still his teacher. 290 00:36:24,883 --> 00:36:27,563 But then I realised, like, "No. Be careful." 291 00:36:29,763 --> 00:36:33,643 Because the way he spoke to me was... 292 00:36:33,643 --> 00:36:35,483 He was really one of them. 293 00:36:35,483 --> 00:36:37,443 Completely a different person. 294 00:36:40,283 --> 00:36:42,043 Er... 295 00:36:42,043 --> 00:36:43,283 Yeah. 296 00:36:49,323 --> 00:36:52,683 Once you are part of Isis, 297 00:36:52,683 --> 00:36:54,283 you are a monster. 298 00:37:22,683 --> 00:37:26,243 Can you start by telling - did you know you were joining Isis? 299 00:37:37,203 --> 00:37:39,083 MUSIC PLAYS 300 00:38:25,283 --> 00:38:27,523 CHANTING 301 00:39:15,843 --> 00:39:18,283 All right, so what happens at the training camp? 302 00:40:05,603 --> 00:40:08,003 By the end of 2014, 303 00:40:08,003 --> 00:40:11,563 Isis controlled many of the major cities north of Baghdad. 304 00:40:13,323 --> 00:40:18,243 In the so-called Islamic State, they began the systematic destruction of 305 00:40:18,243 --> 00:40:22,483 all cultural and religious artefacts that challenge their beliefs. 306 00:40:25,483 --> 00:40:29,483 And a new constitution demanded that everybody live according 307 00:40:29,483 --> 00:40:32,123 to ancient laws from the time of Muhammad. 308 00:41:56,683 --> 00:42:00,483 The largest city under Isis control was Mosul. 309 00:42:55,003 --> 00:42:58,123 Isis controlled all the media in Mosul. 310 00:42:59,603 --> 00:43:03,083 And for people like Tahany, the only way to find out what was really 311 00:43:03,083 --> 00:43:06,923 going on was to read a secret blogger called Mosul Eye. 312 00:44:09,723 --> 00:44:12,483 There were rumours in town. 313 00:44:12,483 --> 00:44:19,003 Some people were saying Mosul Eye is a Jewish Iraqi who love his city. 314 00:44:19,003 --> 00:44:23,603 Some others saying that this is a professional psychological 315 00:44:23,603 --> 00:44:25,323 operation from CIA. 316 00:44:44,003 --> 00:44:47,083 Isis feared what Mosul Eye was doing. 317 00:44:48,883 --> 00:44:51,763 Telling them, "You're not alone in town. 318 00:44:51,763 --> 00:44:53,123 "Someone is watching you. 319 00:44:54,443 --> 00:44:57,603 "Isis is not controlling everything in our life." 320 00:45:01,283 --> 00:45:02,643 Someone said... 321 00:45:04,363 --> 00:45:08,923 .."I wish I know who was Mosul Eye, because I would behead him myself." 322 00:45:16,563 --> 00:45:21,323 From the very beginning, I felt the responsibility and the importance 323 00:45:21,323 --> 00:45:23,883 of exposing what's happening... 324 00:45:24,963 --> 00:45:26,443 ..putting everything online. 325 00:45:28,243 --> 00:45:32,403 This led to the creation of Mosul Eye. 326 00:45:35,083 --> 00:45:36,603 INTERVIEWER: That was you? Yeah. 327 00:45:41,683 --> 00:45:43,083 At least I was doing 328 00:45:43,083 --> 00:45:45,123 something against them... 329 00:45:46,363 --> 00:45:51,363 ..that Isis, with all its weapons, couldn't manipulate. 330 00:45:52,403 --> 00:45:54,083 The truth. 331 00:45:54,083 --> 00:45:56,283 CHANTING 332 00:46:02,243 --> 00:46:07,363 The normal day under Isis rule was hand cutting... 333 00:46:09,403 --> 00:46:11,323 ..stoning women in the street... 334 00:46:12,443 --> 00:46:14,803 ..and execution. 335 00:46:14,803 --> 00:46:18,163 This was a normal day under Isis. 336 00:46:18,163 --> 00:46:20,723 And if this didn't happen, we would say, like, 337 00:46:20,723 --> 00:46:22,843 "Wow, there's something wrong! 338 00:46:24,563 --> 00:46:26,083 "Why there is no execution?" 339 00:46:35,603 --> 00:46:37,323 INTERVIEWER: Did you watch that? 340 00:46:39,043 --> 00:46:40,123 Yes. 341 00:46:44,243 --> 00:46:45,443 They were beheaded. 342 00:46:52,083 --> 00:46:54,563 HE SIGHS 343 00:47:00,123 --> 00:47:01,683 For over a year, 344 00:47:01,683 --> 00:47:06,043 Mosul Eye published the names of all the people executed by Isis. 345 00:47:10,403 --> 00:47:13,203 But it was getting harder to keep his identity secret. 346 00:47:17,083 --> 00:47:18,883 The house next door... 347 00:47:20,163 --> 00:47:22,363 ..where I live was... 348 00:47:23,523 --> 00:47:25,843 ..an Isis senior leader. 349 00:47:25,843 --> 00:47:29,323 The house behind us was also an Isis leader. 350 00:47:30,483 --> 00:47:33,363 The fear that my family would be punished... 351 00:47:34,403 --> 00:47:38,923 ..as a result of what I was doing was getting higher. 352 00:47:42,363 --> 00:47:45,803 The moment I decided to leave Mosul was 353 00:47:45,803 --> 00:47:47,763 the most difficult moment in my life. 354 00:48:34,563 --> 00:48:37,323 BARACK OBAMA: Any time we take military action, 355 00:48:37,323 --> 00:48:39,203 there are risks involved. 356 00:48:41,883 --> 00:48:45,563 This counterterrorism campaign will be waged through a steady, 357 00:48:45,563 --> 00:48:49,003 relentless effort to take out Isil, wherever they exist, 358 00:48:49,003 --> 00:48:50,203 using our airpower. 359 00:48:53,323 --> 00:48:57,163 Though targeted air strikes were already being used against Isis, 360 00:48:57,163 --> 00:49:01,563 American bombing intensified at the end of 2016, 361 00:49:01,563 --> 00:49:05,763 as Kurdish and Iraqi troops pushed the so-called Islamic State 362 00:49:05,763 --> 00:49:07,763 back into Mosul. 363 00:49:07,763 --> 00:49:10,163 GUNFIRE AND EXPLOSIONS 364 00:49:15,283 --> 00:49:18,563 You know, to his credit, I think Obama was concerned about 365 00:49:18,563 --> 00:49:22,923 civilian casualties and, like, making more enemies. 366 00:49:22,923 --> 00:49:24,603 CHEERING 367 00:49:25,803 --> 00:49:27,523 When Trump came in, it was like... 368 00:49:28,923 --> 00:49:30,923 .."We're not going to sit around here 369 00:49:30,923 --> 00:49:32,723 "and worry about civilian casualties." 370 00:49:32,723 --> 00:49:35,923 Like, "We're going after those guys. We're going to kill those guys. 371 00:49:35,923 --> 00:49:38,603 "Gloves are off, man. Go after them." 372 00:49:38,603 --> 00:49:45,443 We are putting America first. 373 00:49:45,443 --> 00:49:48,203 At the same time, we're here... 374 00:49:49,323 --> 00:49:50,443 ..to help others. 375 00:49:51,843 --> 00:49:54,243 May God bless you, 376 00:49:54,243 --> 00:49:56,963 may God protect you, 377 00:49:56,963 --> 00:50:00,683 and may God always keep you safe. 378 00:50:00,683 --> 00:50:03,363 EXPLOSION 379 00:50:06,363 --> 00:50:08,963 SHOUTING 380 00:50:18,763 --> 00:50:21,763 ECHOING SCREAMS, GUNFIRE 381 00:50:28,603 --> 00:50:30,803 HE SIGHS 382 00:51:27,443 --> 00:51:30,003 CHILD CRIES 383 00:52:13,203 --> 00:52:15,563 SHOUTING, GUNFIRE 384 00:52:20,243 --> 00:52:23,403 SHOUTING, GUNFIRE 385 00:52:24,723 --> 00:52:27,163 SHOUTING 386 00:52:43,083 --> 00:52:45,763 After nine months of intense fighting, 387 00:52:45,763 --> 00:52:49,083 Mosul was liberated from Isis control. 388 00:53:03,483 --> 00:53:07,083 I'm still 33, and I have lived all of this. 389 00:53:08,243 --> 00:53:10,003 How many things happened? 390 00:53:10,003 --> 00:53:12,683 Americans, Al-Qaeda, 391 00:53:12,683 --> 00:53:15,563 Zarqawi, the civil war, 392 00:53:15,563 --> 00:53:18,443 the killing of Sunnis, the killing of Shia, 393 00:53:18,443 --> 00:53:21,723 the executions, the beheadings. 394 00:53:26,203 --> 00:53:30,803 It's a miracle I'm still able to talk, isn't it? 395 00:53:37,283 --> 00:53:39,043 It's very dangerous to forget... 396 00:53:40,723 --> 00:53:43,723 ..because memory all is what's left for us. 397 00:53:52,683 --> 00:53:54,123 I remember the... 398 00:53:57,803 --> 00:54:00,243 ..the people in my neighbourhood... 399 00:54:02,803 --> 00:54:06,603 ..and that we were able to play in the street... 400 00:54:08,923 --> 00:54:10,243 ..with no fear. 401 00:54:13,883 --> 00:54:15,443 Yeah, this is... 402 00:54:13,883 --> 00:54:15,443 HE SIGHS 403 00:54:15,443 --> 00:54:19,643 This is what I remember when I was a child in Mosul. 404 00:54:23,443 --> 00:54:25,843 Mosul is known of its minaret... 405 00:54:27,323 --> 00:54:30,203 ..which we call "our old lady"... 406 00:54:31,323 --> 00:54:33,803 ..because it's watching us and protecting us. 407 00:54:37,963 --> 00:54:41,563 You would find very old and ancient houses. 408 00:54:43,203 --> 00:54:48,003 You would see a mosque close to a church and then a shrine. 409 00:54:52,203 --> 00:54:55,603 It's the place where you belong 410 00:54:55,603 --> 00:54:59,363 and the place where you identify yourself with. 411 00:55:00,523 --> 00:55:03,843 And when the sun shine... 412 00:55:05,563 --> 00:55:10,603 ..you could feel that the sun is shining just because Mosul is there. 413 00:55:21,683 --> 00:55:25,843 Unfortunately, everything I have described has been destroyed. 414 00:55:28,283 --> 00:55:29,723 My city is gone. 415 00:55:44,603 --> 00:55:48,003 TONY BLAIR: Removing Saddam will be a blessing to the Iraqi people. 416 00:55:50,403 --> 00:55:52,923 President Bush and I have committed ourselves 417 00:55:52,923 --> 00:55:55,043 to peace in the Middle East. 418 00:55:56,683 --> 00:55:59,203 We shall help Iraq move towards democracy. 419 00:56:00,363 --> 00:56:02,483 We will strive to see it done. 420 00:56:05,883 --> 00:56:10,123 GEORGE W BUSH: The goals of our coalition are clear and limited. 421 00:56:10,123 --> 00:56:13,163 Coalition forces will help maintain law and order, 422 00:56:13,163 --> 00:56:16,483 so that Iraqis can live in security. 423 00:56:16,483 --> 00:56:18,523 And I assure every citizen of Iraq... 424 00:56:20,043 --> 00:56:22,723 ..your nation will soon be free. 425 00:56:52,963 --> 00:56:55,723 INTERVIEWER: So I'm going to ask you... Where do we end? 426 00:56:55,723 --> 00:56:58,763 Oh, man! Like, where do we END end? 427 00:56:58,763 --> 00:57:01,963 Where does it end? Where does this story end? 428 00:57:03,363 --> 00:57:06,403 I don't know. I mean, I think... 429 00:57:06,403 --> 00:57:08,843 No time in the foreseeable future. 430 00:57:08,843 --> 00:57:11,523 It's like there is no solution. It's the Middle East. 431 00:57:11,523 --> 00:57:13,723 There's no solution. 432 00:57:13,723 --> 00:57:15,403 But it will engage us forever. 433 00:57:17,483 --> 00:57:18,803 Will it engage you forever? 434 00:57:18,803 --> 00:57:20,123 No. 435 00:57:20,123 --> 00:57:24,243 I spent a lot of time there. I was... I'm very lucky to be alive. 436 00:57:24,243 --> 00:57:26,323 Very lucky. A lot of people I know are not. 437 00:57:28,843 --> 00:57:31,323 Enough. Enough for me. 438 00:57:41,683 --> 00:57:43,643 INTERVIEWER: Are you all right? Yeah. 439 00:57:44,643 --> 00:57:47,083 Yeah. 440 00:57:47,083 --> 00:57:48,123 Yeah, man. 441 00:57:49,803 --> 00:57:50,843 It's all good. 442 00:57:52,963 --> 00:57:54,083 It's all good. 443 00:58:00,203 --> 00:58:03,203 No, it's not, man. Life is... 444 00:58:03,203 --> 00:58:04,643 It's unfair. 445 00:58:04,643 --> 00:58:08,603 But it's OK. You know, I'm not unique when it comes to that. 446 00:58:11,483 --> 00:58:13,643 And the world goes round and round, man. 447 00:58:14,723 --> 00:58:16,763 The world goes round and round. 448 00:58:19,923 --> 00:58:21,523 HE SIGHS 449 00:58:23,483 --> 00:58:26,243 NEWS ARCHIVE: Iraq has been gripped by an unprecedented wave 450 00:58:26,243 --> 00:58:27,683 of protests in recent weeks... 451 00:58:27,683 --> 00:58:30,923 The unrest began over corruption and economic hardship... 452 00:58:30,923 --> 00:58:35,403 A former ambassador tells us pulling out might revitalise Isis. 453 00:58:35,403 --> 00:58:36,683 They're still on the scene, 454 00:58:36,683 --> 00:58:39,123 and they will take advantage of any opening they can find... 455 00:58:39,123 --> 00:58:42,843 This was the moment that the US assassinated Qasem Soleimani... 456 00:58:42,843 --> 00:58:46,203 3,000 US troops are heading to the region. 457 00:58:48,643 --> 00:58:52,803 The threat still looms of a new conflict across the Middle East.