1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:06,640 This programme contains scenes which some viewers may find disturbing 2 00:00:06,640 --> 00:00:09,400 and some strong language 3 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:12,280 On 2011, I was sitting with my friends. Suddenly, a guy came. 4 00:00:12,280 --> 00:00:16,600 He was wearing a big coat, and it was huge. 5 00:00:18,760 --> 00:00:22,440 I will never forget the fear in his eyes, 6 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:26,040 and he started to yell "Allahu akbar! Allahu akbar!" 7 00:00:26,040 --> 00:00:27,360 And he exploded. 8 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:33,800 And he killed 12 that day, seven of them my friends. 9 00:00:35,080 --> 00:00:39,640 He was 17. His father and brother was killed by the American troops. 10 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:43,040 And he was seeking revenge. 11 00:00:51,680 --> 00:00:56,120 For nearly nine years, our nation has been at war in Iraq. 12 00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:58,280 The troops are now preparing to make their final march 13 00:00:58,280 --> 00:01:00,360 across the border and out of the country. 14 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:04,840 Iraq's future will be in the hands of its own people. 15 00:01:04,840 --> 00:01:06,720 Our war there will be over. 16 00:01:09,320 --> 00:01:11,600 At the end of 2011, 17 00:01:11,600 --> 00:01:15,080 all the coalition forces finally left Iraq. 18 00:01:16,320 --> 00:01:19,600 It just touches my heart to see our troops coming home. 19 00:01:19,600 --> 00:01:22,400 HORN HONKING God bless us! 20 00:01:24,080 --> 00:01:27,400 The huge surge of thousands of extra American troops had helped 21 00:01:27,400 --> 00:01:30,720 defeat Al-Qaeda in Iraq and end the civil war. 22 00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:37,080 Now, the country was being run by Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. 23 00:02:05,320 --> 00:02:07,320 DISTANT GUNFIRE 24 00:02:07,320 --> 00:02:12,200 When the Americans say that, "We did something good in Iraq," 25 00:02:12,200 --> 00:02:14,880 I want them to look into my eyes and tell me this. 26 00:02:17,560 --> 00:02:20,440 They didn't bring freedom. They brought chaos. 27 00:02:22,320 --> 00:02:24,360 Allahu akbar! 28 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:45,240 My friend! How are you? 29 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:47,960 How's your day? Not too bad, can't complain, yeah. 30 00:02:47,960 --> 00:02:49,640 Another day in paradise. 31 00:02:49,640 --> 00:02:51,200 Yeah! 32 00:02:54,520 --> 00:02:58,400 Waleed is one of over 2 million people forced to leave Iraq 33 00:02:58,400 --> 00:03:00,880 since war began in 2003. 34 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:07,280 He came to Canada when he was 21 years old after receiving 35 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:10,120 death threats for working with foreign journalists. 36 00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:16,600 They do say, and it's true, "Home is where your heart is." 37 00:03:16,600 --> 00:03:18,920 And my heart is in Baghdad and forever will be. 38 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:24,600 Plus, it's fucking cold here! HE LAUGHS 39 00:03:26,280 --> 00:03:28,040 I arrived to Canada. 40 00:03:28,040 --> 00:03:32,240 I met this beautiful, loving fricking woman. 41 00:03:33,320 --> 00:03:34,600 I married. 42 00:03:35,920 --> 00:03:38,080 Got educated here. 43 00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:39,920 I studied film and media. 44 00:03:41,520 --> 00:03:43,080 My name is Waleed Moudhafar. 45 00:03:44,280 --> 00:03:45,320 Sorry. 46 00:03:46,440 --> 00:03:50,960 I was really an intense individual at that time. Go. 47 00:03:50,960 --> 00:03:52,440 My name is Waleed Moudhafar. 48 00:03:53,880 --> 00:03:56,480 I left my country eight years ago. 49 00:03:56,480 --> 00:03:59,760 And now, I want to return. 50 00:04:03,320 --> 00:04:08,000 I couldn't return home until 2012, 51 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:11,840 cos that's when I finally got my permanent residency. 52 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:16,680 I spoke to my wife and I was like, "I can't take it any more. 53 00:04:16,680 --> 00:04:18,240 "I got to go home." 54 00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:29,000 And I knew that my brothers were waiting for me. 55 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:34,280 LAUGHTER 56 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:38,560 HORN HONKS, MUSIC BLARES 57 00:04:38,560 --> 00:04:43,000 I don't even know what I'm going to do when I see my mother. 58 00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:44,760 SHE ULULATES 59 00:04:44,760 --> 00:04:45,800 IN OWN LANGUAGE: 60 00:04:47,120 --> 00:04:51,240 I mean, not to see your mum for nine years... 61 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:54,240 It was an insanely happy moment. 62 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:11,800 MUSIC PLAYS 63 00:05:14,960 --> 00:05:16,960 And it just hit me. 64 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:18,800 I left my brothers, they were kids. 65 00:05:19,880 --> 00:05:22,520 The youngest was nine years old. 66 00:05:22,520 --> 00:05:24,120 I put him to bed. 67 00:05:25,160 --> 00:05:27,960 And I was thinking, like, it's almost like I was in a dream and 68 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:32,280 I just woke up and you're expecting that not two minutes have gone by. 69 00:05:40,560 --> 00:05:43,720 I wanted to do a high school friend reunion. 70 00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:48,000 Some of them, you know, started coming up with excuses 71 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:50,920 and excuses, and there was this friend of mine called Hakem. 72 00:05:50,920 --> 00:05:53,240 He finally will was like "No, no. 73 00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:56,800 "If you want to hang out, just come here. We'll hang out, you and I." 74 00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:59,040 And I was like, "But why? Our friends?" 75 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:02,920 And he was, like, "Because you fucking invited al-Samiri." 76 00:06:02,920 --> 00:06:04,200 "Yeah!" 77 00:06:04,200 --> 00:06:06,880 And I was like, "Do you not remember?" 78 00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:08,840 We freaking snuck out of school together. 79 00:06:08,840 --> 00:06:12,200 It was, like, we did all of these... Of course I invited him! 80 00:06:13,920 --> 00:06:17,640 And the guy was like, "Oh, you're one of those. 81 00:06:17,640 --> 00:06:18,920 "He is Sunni." 82 00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:23,080 And I was like, "Hold on. 83 00:06:24,600 --> 00:06:27,120 "Do you mean to tell me that you don't speak to him 84 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:29,280 "because he's Sunni?" 85 00:06:30,360 --> 00:06:32,240 And he was like, "Yeah." 86 00:06:32,240 --> 00:06:35,040 And he was like, "And let me tell you something, Waleed. 87 00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:37,880 "The Iraqi you left is no more. 88 00:06:39,440 --> 00:06:41,280 "This is the new Iraq." 89 00:06:41,280 --> 00:06:43,040 SHOUTING IN ARABIC ON LOUD-HAILER 90 00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:49,760 In the two years since American troops withdrew, 91 00:06:49,760 --> 00:06:53,760 sectarian tensions that had driven the civil war resurfaced. 92 00:06:54,960 --> 00:06:57,600 All over Iraq, Sunni Muslims were protesting 93 00:06:57,600 --> 00:06:59,480 against the Shia-led government. 94 00:07:11,920 --> 00:07:13,360 Allahu akbar! 95 00:07:17,720 --> 00:07:19,200 THEY SING 96 00:07:21,320 --> 00:07:23,800 Sunni anger was being fuelled 97 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:27,360 by Iraq's Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. 98 00:07:28,720 --> 00:07:35,440 Maliki is a Shi'ite sectarian to the end, to his core. 99 00:07:35,440 --> 00:07:38,760 He couldn't look at a Sunni Iraqi without seeing a terrorist, 100 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:40,400 and he treated them like that. 101 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:44,840 And on top of that, he just turns out to be just spectacularly 102 00:07:44,840 --> 00:07:46,280 breathtakingly corrupt. 103 00:07:47,320 --> 00:07:50,520 And the Americans, in their blindness, 104 00:07:50,520 --> 00:07:52,600 kept him in power forever and ever, 105 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:55,920 and they could've gotten rid of him, they could've pushed him out. 106 00:07:58,480 --> 00:08:02,640 Dexter Filkins had been reporting on Iraq for over a decade. 107 00:08:05,760 --> 00:08:10,880 Maliki was really aggressively alienating 108 00:08:10,880 --> 00:08:12,960 the Sunni population in Iraq. 109 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:18,560 Mass arrests, no trials, thousands of men held, 110 00:08:18,560 --> 00:08:20,200 families don't know where they are. 111 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:22,400 They're basically just thrown in a dungeon somewhere, 112 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:26,120 and that was happening just on a huge scale - everywhere. 113 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:34,480 Treating them in a way that was kind of guaranteed to stir 114 00:08:34,480 --> 00:08:37,880 a kind of resentment and ultimately violence. 115 00:08:37,880 --> 00:08:40,240 You could feel it, you could feel the anger. 116 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:54,040 I have to leave again. 117 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:56,240 And I know something bad is going to happen. 118 00:08:56,240 --> 00:09:01,440 And I was sobbing like a kid. 119 00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:05,040 SHE SOBS 120 00:09:05,040 --> 00:09:08,400 Cos I didn't know whether I'll see them again or not. 121 00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:44,760 And saying goodbye to my brothers, like, I... 122 00:09:49,480 --> 00:09:51,080 THEY CRY 123 00:09:57,320 --> 00:10:00,120 Shit could hit the fan at any second. 124 00:10:00,120 --> 00:10:01,760 ANY second in Iraq. 125 00:10:08,800 --> 00:10:09,880 Yeah. 126 00:10:19,080 --> 00:10:21,640 Something was a-brewing. 127 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:23,200 And that thing... 128 00:10:25,560 --> 00:10:28,120 ..fucked us for good now. 129 00:10:28,120 --> 00:10:29,680 SIRENS BLARING 130 00:10:29,680 --> 00:10:31,200 HORNS HONKING 131 00:10:58,520 --> 00:11:01,520 MAN SPEAKING ON LOUD-HAILER 132 00:11:01,520 --> 00:11:02,760 CROWD CHEERS 133 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:28,320 We drove through the city. 134 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:33,800 The Army that used to insult the people on a daily basis 135 00:11:33,800 --> 00:11:37,280 in the checkpoints have disappeared. 136 00:11:38,280 --> 00:11:39,560 They collapsed. 137 00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:50,680 We thought the security forces would come back, fight back, 138 00:11:50,680 --> 00:11:53,000 the terrorists would leave. 139 00:11:55,840 --> 00:11:59,920 But then when I saw the weapons, the new cars, 140 00:11:59,920 --> 00:12:02,800 they were almost all in one uniform. 141 00:12:05,360 --> 00:12:10,640 I became totally sure that Isis is here to stay. 142 00:12:16,880 --> 00:12:18,440 RAPID GUNFIRE 143 00:12:24,080 --> 00:12:27,360 Can you just explain why people are cheering? 144 00:12:27,360 --> 00:12:29,200 They weren't welcoming Isis. 145 00:12:30,720 --> 00:12:36,160 But after years of oppression from corrupted troops 146 00:12:36,160 --> 00:12:39,080 and governments, 147 00:12:39,080 --> 00:12:42,760 people felt free for the first time. 148 00:12:44,240 --> 00:12:45,680 In their life. 149 00:12:47,880 --> 00:12:50,600 This is what Isis was selling to people. 150 00:12:52,120 --> 00:12:56,120 That Maliki and his government is gone. 151 00:13:03,760 --> 00:13:07,640 Soon after the so-called Islamic State took Mosul, 152 00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:11,200 Omar lost his job as a professor of history at the university. 153 00:13:15,120 --> 00:13:18,440 When Isis came to Mosul, part of the change 154 00:13:18,440 --> 00:13:21,720 they wanted to do in the city is to change the education. 155 00:13:21,720 --> 00:13:26,880 And simply they summarised all of this by saying that, 156 00:13:26,880 --> 00:13:31,960 "Any education system that is not serving the word of Allah 157 00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:36,640 "and preparing a fighter is unaccepted education. 158 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:40,080 "We need good Muslim fighters." 159 00:13:41,520 --> 00:13:47,680 So, they forced all the teachers to rewrite the schoolbooks. 160 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:56,080 What we used to see as the police now is the Islamic police. 161 00:13:58,520 --> 00:14:02,800 What used to be Iraqi flag now is the black flag of Isis. 162 00:14:05,440 --> 00:14:09,520 From day one, you would see in the street 163 00:14:09,520 --> 00:14:11,920 what they call the media outlet. 164 00:14:13,280 --> 00:14:16,720 Putting on the TV, on the monitor, Isis videos. 165 00:14:16,720 --> 00:14:18,360 Showing their propaganda. 166 00:14:19,440 --> 00:14:22,680 Each mosque had one media point, 167 00:14:22,680 --> 00:14:30,520 very big screens like those used in public squares to watch football. 168 00:14:30,520 --> 00:14:31,760 VIDEO PLAYING 169 00:14:33,280 --> 00:14:37,200 MUSIC PLAYS 170 00:15:05,520 --> 00:15:11,400 I saw, myself, children between 12 to 15 years old 171 00:15:11,400 --> 00:15:14,720 joining Isis just after watching a video. 172 00:15:25,800 --> 00:15:30,840 Beyond this checkpoint and the first Isis checkpoint on the eastern 173 00:15:30,840 --> 00:15:36,800 edge of Mosul, there's perhaps 1,000 yards of no man's land. 174 00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:39,600 This was as close as we dare go. 175 00:15:39,600 --> 00:15:43,320 We could just make out the jihadist's black-and-white flag. 176 00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:52,000 I went to the Kurdish part of Iraq right after Isis had rolled in. 177 00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:56,240 And I looked into the Caliphate. 178 00:15:56,240 --> 00:16:00,680 And, black flag, checkpoints. 179 00:16:00,680 --> 00:16:03,400 I remember just thinking, like, "There it is." You know? Like, 180 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:07,880 for years, Al-Qaeda was this, like, shadow army. 181 00:16:07,880 --> 00:16:11,560 They blow up a mosque, they blow up a market, and then they disappear. 182 00:16:11,560 --> 00:16:13,960 And, like, these guys, like, they took the territory. 183 00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:17,160 And it was like... It was the Islamic State, and you could see it, 184 00:16:17,160 --> 00:16:21,280 and there it was - right in front of me, a big black flag. 185 00:16:26,840 --> 00:16:28,720 Crazy. 186 00:16:28,720 --> 00:16:31,160 How did you feel looking into the Caliphate? 187 00:16:31,160 --> 00:16:32,760 HE CHUCKLES 188 00:16:33,760 --> 00:16:35,720 HE EXHALES FORCEFULLY 189 00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:38,680 Man... 190 00:16:42,280 --> 00:16:43,800 Man, I don't know how I felt then. 191 00:16:45,640 --> 00:16:48,760 I... Look, I was... 192 00:16:48,760 --> 00:16:51,480 At that point, looking into the Caliphate, I was... 193 00:16:53,680 --> 00:16:57,560 You know, once again, the Americans had, like, thrown it away. You know? 194 00:16:57,560 --> 00:17:00,120 They'd thrown it away. I mean, I was there in 2003 195 00:17:00,120 --> 00:17:03,840 when they took down Saddam - they threw it away, you know? 196 00:17:03,840 --> 00:17:06,960 I was there in 2008 after the surge, 197 00:17:06,960 --> 00:17:09,080 and the violence had gone to nothing. 198 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:12,200 It was done. Al-Qaeda was finished. 199 00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:13,640 And what happens? 200 00:17:13,640 --> 00:17:17,640 The Americans leave, and so Omar al-Baghdadi, 201 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:19,920 he's the leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq, 202 00:17:19,920 --> 00:17:23,480 he dispatches like half a dozen guys to Syria. 203 00:17:26,640 --> 00:17:30,880 Like, go to Syria and form essentially what becomes Isis. 204 00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:34,440 And that takes basically two years. 205 00:17:34,440 --> 00:17:38,240 And it's an army that invades Iraq. 206 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:44,440 It's the same guys. It's the same guys, they just changed T-shirts. 207 00:17:45,600 --> 00:17:47,560 Al-Qaeda to Isis. 208 00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:05,240 You could trace that thing all the way back to 2003. 209 00:18:05,240 --> 00:18:07,920 All the people who were in it, all the mistakes that the Americans 210 00:18:07,920 --> 00:18:13,280 had made, and it all had manifested itself into this. 211 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:16,600 HORNS HONKING 212 00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:31,760 GUNFIRE 213 00:18:33,360 --> 00:18:39,120 Two days after the attack on Mosul, Isis forces pushed south to Tikrit. 214 00:18:39,120 --> 00:18:42,480 Birthplace of Iraq's former dictator Saddam Hussein. 215 00:19:26,360 --> 00:19:30,760 Camp Speicher had been built by the Americans during the war. 216 00:19:30,760 --> 00:19:35,040 It was now being used by the Iraqi Army to train new recruits. 217 00:19:59,360 --> 00:20:03,880 Ali Hussein Kadhim lives 250km south of Tikrit 218 00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:06,720 in a region that is almost entirely Shia. 219 00:20:09,560 --> 00:20:14,280 He started his army training just 12 days before Isis attacked. 220 00:20:45,360 --> 00:20:47,360 MAN SINGING 221 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:35,920 When news reached the base that Isis had invaded Tikrit, 222 00:21:35,920 --> 00:21:37,640 most of the officers fled, 223 00:21:37,640 --> 00:21:40,200 leaving thousands of untrained cadets 224 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:41,640 to fend for themselves. 225 00:22:13,600 --> 00:22:15,560 MEN YELL IN DISTANCE 226 00:22:15,560 --> 00:22:16,880 THEY YELL BACK 227 00:22:54,080 --> 00:22:57,240 Many of the Isis commanders were once part of Saddam's regime. 228 00:22:58,280 --> 00:23:00,440 When they rounded up the young cadets, 229 00:23:00,440 --> 00:23:05,000 they sent the Sunnis home and only took the Shia to repent. 230 00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:10,200 OVERLAPPING SPEECH 231 00:24:57,320 --> 00:24:59,080 NO AUDIO 232 00:25:05,800 --> 00:25:08,760 GUNSHOTS 233 00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:16,520 HE SIGHS SHAKENLY 234 00:25:58,800 --> 00:26:00,720 HE SIGHS 235 00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:12,360 IMITATES SNORING 236 00:26:30,480 --> 00:26:35,120 Over 1,500 cadets were slaughtered by Isis. 237 00:26:35,120 --> 00:26:38,840 Hussein Kadhim was the only known survivor. 238 00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:56,560 But some of the young recruits had evaded capture 239 00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:58,760 and were now desperately trying to escape. 240 00:27:32,320 --> 00:27:33,800 DISTANT SHOUTS 241 00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:02,920 Three days before the massacre, Um Qusay's eldest son and husband 242 00:28:02,920 --> 00:28:04,160 had gone to Mosul. 243 00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:07,920 They were murdered at an Isis checkpoint. 244 00:28:39,200 --> 00:28:44,040 Though Um Qusay and the people of Al Alam were mostly Sunnis, 245 00:28:44,040 --> 00:28:49,040 they risked certain death by hiding nearly 900 Shia cadets. 246 00:29:54,520 --> 00:29:58,160 SHE PRAYS 247 00:30:42,920 --> 00:30:44,480 APPLAUSE 248 00:30:46,240 --> 00:30:50,480 This award is reserved for those women around the world 249 00:30:50,480 --> 00:30:53,120 who have shown incredible courage. 250 00:30:53,120 --> 00:30:55,200 LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE 251 00:33:37,280 --> 00:33:39,840 MAN YELLING ON TV 252 00:33:45,760 --> 00:33:47,560 I was back in Canada. 253 00:33:47,560 --> 00:33:54,000 My brother called me and he was like, "Daesh just took over Tikrit." 254 00:33:56,520 --> 00:33:58,800 And then the Speicher thing happened. 255 00:34:01,520 --> 00:34:07,440 It was a matter of time until Daesh come to Baghdad, and we're Shia. 256 00:34:08,720 --> 00:34:11,280 Cos my dad is Shia, so we're known as a Shia, 257 00:34:11,280 --> 00:34:13,760 and my dad was in the army. 258 00:34:15,200 --> 00:34:16,720 So, first mark. 259 00:34:18,600 --> 00:34:20,520 Like, they will be the first to go. 260 00:34:21,800 --> 00:34:25,200 And I was like, "OK, how much money do you have?" 261 00:34:25,200 --> 00:34:27,920 And he was like, "I don't have any." And I was like, "All right. 262 00:34:27,920 --> 00:34:31,920 "OK, give me one day, and I'll come back to you." 263 00:34:31,920 --> 00:34:37,480 So, I scrounged up as much money as I can put together, send it over and 264 00:34:37,480 --> 00:34:41,280 I was like, "You buy tickets right now and you go to Turkey right now." 265 00:34:42,320 --> 00:34:47,600 So, I moved the whole family to Turkey within a matter of a week. 266 00:34:47,600 --> 00:34:50,600 And I remember talking to my wife and telling her, I was like... 267 00:34:52,720 --> 00:34:53,920 "It just never stops. 268 00:34:56,440 --> 00:35:00,240 "It never stops. Nobody wants us to stay alive." 269 00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:05,640 Like, Daesh made us look at Al-Qaeda time and they were like, 270 00:35:05,640 --> 00:35:08,520 "They're just a bunch of jokers, these guys!" 271 00:35:10,280 --> 00:35:12,560 And they were in comparison. 272 00:35:21,320 --> 00:35:23,040 We heard of Speicher. 273 00:35:24,800 --> 00:35:28,080 As Isis distributed directly videos, 274 00:35:28,080 --> 00:35:30,160 so we were aware of what was happening. 275 00:35:32,320 --> 00:35:35,440 They were talking like that it is a great victory 276 00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:37,320 for the Islamic State. 277 00:35:37,320 --> 00:35:39,840 GUNSHOT ON TV 278 00:35:43,080 --> 00:35:44,760 GUNSHOTS 279 00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:50,680 But I still remember seeing those people in the truck 280 00:35:50,680 --> 00:35:52,320 while begging Isis. 281 00:35:53,520 --> 00:35:57,000 And this guy who was killing them using the pistol 282 00:35:57,000 --> 00:35:58,920 and throwing them into the river. 283 00:36:01,160 --> 00:36:04,160 W-W-Who would be able to do this? 284 00:36:04,160 --> 00:36:05,440 Who CAN do this? 285 00:36:09,840 --> 00:36:12,600 One of my students became a member of Isis. 286 00:36:13,800 --> 00:36:15,680 I mean, what are you doing? 287 00:36:17,600 --> 00:36:20,960 I wanted to talk to him 288 00:36:20,960 --> 00:36:24,840 as if I'm still his teacher. 289 00:36:24,840 --> 00:36:27,520 But then I realised, like, "No. Be careful." 290 00:36:29,720 --> 00:36:33,600 Because the way he spoke to me was... 291 00:36:33,600 --> 00:36:35,440 He was really one of them. 292 00:36:35,440 --> 00:36:37,400 Completely a different person. 293 00:36:40,240 --> 00:36:42,000 Er... 294 00:36:42,000 --> 00:36:43,240 Yeah. 295 00:36:49,280 --> 00:36:52,640 Once you are part of Isis, 296 00:36:52,640 --> 00:36:54,240 you are a monster. 297 00:37:22,640 --> 00:37:26,200 Can you start by telling - did you know you were joining Isis? 298 00:37:37,160 --> 00:37:39,040 MUSIC PLAYS 299 00:38:25,240 --> 00:38:27,480 CHANTING 300 00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:18,240 All right, so what happens at the training camp? 301 00:40:05,560 --> 00:40:07,960 By the end of 2014, 302 00:40:07,960 --> 00:40:11,520 Isis controlled many of the major cities north of Baghdad. 303 00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:18,200 In the so-called Islamic State, they began the systematic destruction of 304 00:40:18,200 --> 00:40:22,440 all cultural and religious artefacts that challenge their beliefs. 305 00:40:25,440 --> 00:40:29,440 And a new constitution demanded that everybody live according 306 00:40:29,440 --> 00:40:32,080 to ancient laws from the time of Muhammad. 307 00:41:56,640 --> 00:42:00,440 The largest city under Isis control was Mosul. 308 00:42:54,960 --> 00:42:58,080 Isis controlled all the media in Mosul. 309 00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:03,040 And for people like Tahany, the only way to find out what was really 310 00:43:03,040 --> 00:43:06,880 going on was to read a secret blogger called Mosul Eye. 311 00:44:09,680 --> 00:44:12,440 There were rumours in town. 312 00:44:12,440 --> 00:44:18,960 Some people were saying Mosul Eye is a Jewish Iraqi who love his city. 313 00:44:18,960 --> 00:44:23,560 Some others saying that this is a professional psychological 314 00:44:23,560 --> 00:44:25,280 operation from CIA. 315 00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:47,040 Isis feared what Mosul Eye was doing. 316 00:44:48,840 --> 00:44:51,720 Telling them, "You're not alone in town. 317 00:44:51,720 --> 00:44:53,080 "Someone is watching you. 318 00:44:54,400 --> 00:44:57,560 "Isis is not controlling everything in our life." 319 00:45:01,240 --> 00:45:02,600 Someone said... 320 00:45:04,320 --> 00:45:08,880 .."I wish I know who was Mosul Eye, because I would behead him myself." 321 00:45:16,520 --> 00:45:21,280 From the very beginning, I felt the responsibility and the importance 322 00:45:21,280 --> 00:45:23,840 of exposing what's happening... 323 00:45:24,920 --> 00:45:26,400 ..putting everything online. 324 00:45:28,200 --> 00:45:32,360 This led to the creation of Mosul Eye. 325 00:45:35,040 --> 00:45:36,560 That was you? Yeah. 326 00:45:41,640 --> 00:45:43,040 At least I was doing 327 00:45:43,040 --> 00:45:45,080 something against them... 328 00:45:46,320 --> 00:45:51,320 ..that Isis, with all its weapons, couldn't manipulate. 329 00:45:52,360 --> 00:45:54,040 The truth. 330 00:45:54,040 --> 00:45:56,240 CHANTING 331 00:46:02,200 --> 00:46:07,320 The normal day under Isis rule was hand cutting... 332 00:46:09,360 --> 00:46:11,280 ..stoning women in the street... 333 00:46:12,400 --> 00:46:14,760 ..and execution. 334 00:46:14,760 --> 00:46:18,120 This was a normal day under Isis. 335 00:46:18,120 --> 00:46:20,680 And if this didn't happen, we would say, like, 336 00:46:20,680 --> 00:46:22,800 "Wow, there's something wrong! 337 00:46:24,520 --> 00:46:26,040 "Why there is no execution?" 338 00:46:35,560 --> 00:46:37,280 Did you watch that? 339 00:46:39,000 --> 00:46:40,080 Yes. 340 00:46:44,200 --> 00:46:45,400 They were beheaded. 341 00:46:52,040 --> 00:46:54,520 HE SIGHS 342 00:47:00,080 --> 00:47:01,640 For over a year, 343 00:47:01,640 --> 00:47:06,000 Mosul Eye published the names of all the people executed by Isis. 344 00:47:10,360 --> 00:47:13,160 But it was getting harder to keep his identity secret. 345 00:47:17,040 --> 00:47:18,840 The house next door... 346 00:47:20,120 --> 00:47:22,320 ..where I live was... 347 00:47:23,480 --> 00:47:25,800 ..an Isis senior leader. 348 00:47:25,800 --> 00:47:29,280 The house behind us was also an Isis leader. 349 00:47:30,440 --> 00:47:33,320 The fear that my family would be punished... 350 00:47:34,360 --> 00:47:38,880 ..as a result of what I was doing was getting higher. 351 00:47:42,320 --> 00:47:45,760 The moment I decided to leave Mosul was 352 00:47:45,760 --> 00:47:47,720 the most difficult moment in my life. 353 00:48:34,520 --> 00:48:37,280 Any time we take military action, 354 00:48:37,280 --> 00:48:39,160 there are risks involved. 355 00:48:41,840 --> 00:48:45,520 This counterterrorism campaign will be waged through a steady, 356 00:48:45,520 --> 00:48:48,960 relentless effort to take out Isil, wherever they exist, 357 00:48:48,960 --> 00:48:50,160 using our airpower. 358 00:48:53,280 --> 00:48:57,120 Though targeted air strikes were already being used against Isis, 359 00:48:57,120 --> 00:49:01,520 American bombing intensified at the end of 2016, 360 00:49:01,520 --> 00:49:05,720 as Kurdish and Iraqi troops pushed the so-called Islamic State 361 00:49:05,720 --> 00:49:07,720 back into Mosul. 362 00:49:07,720 --> 00:49:10,120 GUNFIRE AND EXPLOSIONS 363 00:49:15,240 --> 00:49:18,520 You know, to his credit, I think Obama was concerned about 364 00:49:18,520 --> 00:49:22,880 civilian casualties and, like, making more enemies. 365 00:49:22,880 --> 00:49:24,560 CHEERING 366 00:49:25,760 --> 00:49:27,480 When Trump came in, it was like... 367 00:49:28,880 --> 00:49:30,880 .."We're not going to sit around here 368 00:49:30,880 --> 00:49:32,680 "and worry about civilian casualties." 369 00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:35,880 Like, "We're going after those guys. We're going to kill those guys. 370 00:49:35,880 --> 00:49:38,560 "Gloves are off, man. Go after them." 371 00:49:38,560 --> 00:49:45,400 We are putting America first. 372 00:49:45,400 --> 00:49:48,160 At the same time, we're here... 373 00:49:49,280 --> 00:49:50,400 ..to help others. 374 00:49:51,800 --> 00:49:54,200 May God bless you, 375 00:49:54,200 --> 00:49:56,920 may God protect you, 376 00:49:56,920 --> 00:50:00,640 and may God always keep you safe. 377 00:50:00,640 --> 00:50:03,320 EXPLOSION 378 00:50:06,320 --> 00:50:08,920 SHOUTING 379 00:50:18,720 --> 00:50:21,720 ECHOING SCREAMS, GUNFIRE 380 00:50:28,560 --> 00:50:30,760 HE SIGHS 381 00:51:27,400 --> 00:51:29,960 CHILD CRIES 382 00:52:13,160 --> 00:52:15,520 SHOUTING, GUNFIRE 383 00:52:20,200 --> 00:52:23,360 SHOUTING, GUNFIRE 384 00:52:24,680 --> 00:52:27,120 SHOUTING 385 00:52:43,040 --> 00:52:45,720 After nine months of intense fighting, 386 00:52:45,720 --> 00:52:49,040 Mosul was liberated from Isis control. 387 00:53:03,440 --> 00:53:07,040 I'm still 33, and I have lived all of this. 388 00:53:08,200 --> 00:53:09,960 How many things happened? 389 00:53:09,960 --> 00:53:12,640 Americans, Al-Qaeda, 390 00:53:12,640 --> 00:53:15,520 Zarqawi, the civil war, 391 00:53:15,520 --> 00:53:18,400 the killing of Sunnis, the killing of Shia, 392 00:53:18,400 --> 00:53:21,680 the executions, the beheadings. 393 00:53:26,160 --> 00:53:30,760 It's a miracle I'm still able to talk, isn't it? 394 00:53:37,240 --> 00:53:39,000 It's very dangerous to forget... 395 00:53:40,680 --> 00:53:43,680 ..because memory all is what's left for us. 396 00:53:52,640 --> 00:53:54,080 I remember the... 397 00:53:57,760 --> 00:54:00,200 ..the people in my neighbourhood... 398 00:54:02,760 --> 00:54:06,560 ..and that we were able to play in the street... 399 00:54:08,880 --> 00:54:10,200 ..with no fear. 400 00:54:13,840 --> 00:54:15,400 Yeah, this is... HE SIGHS 401 00:54:15,400 --> 00:54:19,600 This is what I remember when I was a child in Mosul. 402 00:54:23,400 --> 00:54:25,800 Mosul is known of its minaret... 403 00:54:27,280 --> 00:54:30,160 ..which we call "our old lady"... 404 00:54:31,280 --> 00:54:33,760 ..because it's watching us and protecting us. 405 00:54:37,920 --> 00:54:41,520 You would find very old and ancient houses. 406 00:54:43,160 --> 00:54:47,960 You would see a mosque close to a church and then a shrine. 407 00:54:52,160 --> 00:54:55,560 It's the place where you belong 408 00:54:55,560 --> 00:54:59,320 and the place where you identify yourself with. 409 00:55:00,480 --> 00:55:03,800 And when the sun shine... 410 00:55:05,520 --> 00:55:10,560 ..you could feel that the sun is shining just because Mosul is there. 411 00:55:21,640 --> 00:55:25,800 Unfortunately, everything I have described has been destroyed. 412 00:55:28,240 --> 00:55:29,680 My city is gone. 413 00:55:44,560 --> 00:55:47,960 Removing Saddam will be a blessing to the Iraqi people. 414 00:55:50,360 --> 00:55:52,880 President Bush and I have committed ourselves 415 00:55:52,880 --> 00:55:55,000 to peace in the Middle East. 416 00:55:56,640 --> 00:55:59,160 We shall help Iraq move towards democracy. 417 00:56:00,320 --> 00:56:02,440 We will strive to see it done. 418 00:56:05,840 --> 00:56:10,080 The goals of our coalition are clear and limited. 419 00:56:10,080 --> 00:56:13,120 Coalition forces will help maintain law and order, 420 00:56:13,120 --> 00:56:16,440 so that Iraqis can live in security. 421 00:56:16,440 --> 00:56:18,480 And I assure every citizen of Iraq... 422 00:56:20,000 --> 00:56:22,680 ..your nation will soon be free. 423 00:56:52,920 --> 00:56:55,680 So I'm going to ask you... Where do we end? 424 00:56:55,680 --> 00:56:58,720 Oh, man! Like, where do we END end? 425 00:56:58,720 --> 00:57:01,920 Where does it end? Where does this story end? 426 00:57:03,320 --> 00:57:06,360 I don't know. I mean, I think... 427 00:57:06,360 --> 00:57:08,800 No time in the foreseeable future. 428 00:57:08,800 --> 00:57:11,480 It's like there is no solution. It's the Middle East. 429 00:57:11,480 --> 00:57:13,680 There's no solution. 430 00:57:13,680 --> 00:57:15,360 But it will engage us forever. 431 00:57:17,440 --> 00:57:18,760 Will it engage you forever? 432 00:57:18,760 --> 00:57:20,080 No. 433 00:57:20,080 --> 00:57:24,200 I spent a lot of time there. I was... I'm very lucky to be alive. 434 00:57:24,200 --> 00:57:26,280 Very lucky. A lot of people I know are not. 435 00:57:28,800 --> 00:57:31,280 Enough. Enough for me. 436 00:57:41,640 --> 00:57:43,600 Are you all right? Yeah. 437 00:57:44,600 --> 00:57:47,040 Yeah. 438 00:57:47,040 --> 00:57:48,080 Yeah, man. 439 00:57:49,760 --> 00:57:50,800 It's all good. 440 00:57:52,920 --> 00:57:54,040 It's all good. 441 00:58:00,160 --> 00:58:03,160 No, it's not, man. Life is... 442 00:58:03,160 --> 00:58:04,600 It's unfair. 443 00:58:04,600 --> 00:58:08,560 But it's OK. You know, I'm not unique when it comes to that. 444 00:58:11,440 --> 00:58:13,600 And the world goes round and round, man. 445 00:58:14,680 --> 00:58:16,720 The world goes round and round. 446 00:58:19,880 --> 00:58:21,480 HE SIGHS 447 00:58:23,440 --> 00:58:26,200 Iraq has been gripped by an unprecedented wave 448 00:58:26,200 --> 00:58:27,640 of protests in recent weeks... 449 00:58:27,640 --> 00:58:30,880 The unrest began over corruption and economic hardship... 450 00:58:30,880 --> 00:58:35,360 A former ambassador tells us pulling out might revitalise Isis. 451 00:58:35,360 --> 00:58:36,640 They're still on the scene, 452 00:58:36,640 --> 00:58:39,080 and they will take advantage of any opening they can find... 453 00:58:39,080 --> 00:58:42,800 This was the moment that the US assassinated Qasem Soleimani... 454 00:58:42,800 --> 00:58:46,160 3,000 US troops are heading to the region. 455 00:58:48,600 --> 00:58:52,760 The threat still looms of a new conflict across the Middle East.