1 00:00:01,958 --> 00:00:03,750 - Tonight on "The Proof Is Out There." 2 00:00:03,750 --> 00:00:07,167 Is this video proof of a legendary Alaskan sea creature? 3 00:00:07,167 --> 00:00:10,042 - This may be one of the most important pieces of footage 4 00:00:10,042 --> 00:00:13,500 in terms of undiscovered marine species. 5 00:00:13,500 --> 00:00:15,875 - [Tony] What's the secret of these mysterious lights 6 00:00:15,875 --> 00:00:17,250 over Lubbock, Texas? 7 00:00:17,250 --> 00:00:19,542 - I can't think of a single rational explanation 8 00:00:19,542 --> 00:00:20,792 for this photo. 9 00:00:20,792 --> 00:00:21,833 - [Tony] A living mummy? 10 00:00:22,208 --> 00:00:25,250 Has this ancient man found the key to eternal life? 11 00:00:25,250 --> 00:00:28,625 - Could this be the oldest man that has ever lived? 12 00:00:28,625 --> 00:00:31,792 - [Tony] And they call it Detroit's Area 51. 13 00:00:31,792 --> 00:00:34,667 - It was like this X file that no one could solve. 14 00:00:34,667 --> 00:00:37,375 - [Tony] What's being made on this top secret island? 15 00:00:41,042 --> 00:00:43,292 (dramatic drumming music) 16 00:00:43,292 --> 00:00:45,292 Around the globe are videos. 17 00:00:45,292 --> 00:00:46,958 - [Videographer] What are those things? 18 00:00:46,958 --> 00:00:48,417 - [Camera Operator] It's moving. 19 00:00:48,417 --> 00:00:51,833 - [Tony] Photos and sounds that defy explanation. 20 00:00:51,833 --> 00:00:54,500 (air squealing) 21 00:00:57,208 --> 00:00:59,125 - [Commentator] We don't know where they come from, 22 00:00:59,125 --> 00:01:00,750 who made them, or how they operate. 23 00:01:00,750 --> 00:01:02,042 - [Tony] What are they? 24 00:01:02,042 --> 00:01:03,708 - [Scientist] Some sort of bizarre mutation. 25 00:01:03,708 --> 00:01:05,542 - [Commentator] What's exciting is nobody really knows. 26 00:01:05,542 --> 00:01:09,542 - Extraordinary claims need extraordinary proof. 27 00:01:10,625 --> 00:01:12,000 - I'm Tony Harris. 28 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,333 And as a journalist for more than 30 years, 29 00:01:14,333 --> 00:01:17,125 I've followed the facts where they take me. 30 00:01:17,125 --> 00:01:19,458 Now I'm bringing that spirit of investigation 31 00:01:19,458 --> 00:01:22,125 to the world's strangest sounds and images. 32 00:01:23,208 --> 00:01:25,458 We'll analyze each one with top experts. 33 00:01:25,458 --> 00:01:26,542 (car smashes) 34 00:01:26,542 --> 00:01:29,083 - It's a credible case. It's a credible video. 35 00:01:29,083 --> 00:01:32,000 - [Tony] And pass a verdict on what it is. 36 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:33,917 - This video was clearly faked. 37 00:01:33,917 --> 00:01:35,792 - The proof starts now. 38 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:40,208 (dramatic upbeat music) 39 00:01:44,292 --> 00:01:47,875 Good evening and welcome to "The Proof Is Out There." 40 00:01:47,875 --> 00:01:50,625 As elusive as the Loch Ness Monster, 41 00:01:50,625 --> 00:01:52,375 but maybe not as famous, 42 00:01:52,375 --> 00:01:55,042 is a legendary sea serpent said to inhabit 43 00:01:55,042 --> 00:01:57,417 the waters of the Pacific Northwest. 44 00:01:57,417 --> 00:02:00,000 Today, there has been no actual hard evidence 45 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:02,000 that this sea monster exists, 46 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:04,667 but that might have just changed. 47 00:02:06,375 --> 00:02:09,917 2009, Nushagak Bay, Alaska. 48 00:02:09,917 --> 00:02:13,042 Salmon fisherman Kelly Nash is on a boat with his sons, 49 00:02:13,042 --> 00:02:14,583 Jason and Kyle, 50 00:02:14,583 --> 00:02:17,417 when suddenly they spot unusual movement in the water 51 00:02:17,417 --> 00:02:21,375 next to them and start recording this video. 52 00:02:21,375 --> 00:02:23,875 The shaky black and white footage shows what appears to be 53 00:02:23,875 --> 00:02:27,917 a long, dark serpentine creature with humps on its back 54 00:02:27,917 --> 00:02:29,333 moving rapidly through the water. 55 00:02:29,333 --> 00:02:31,000 - [Kelly] Now watch. Its head's gonna pop up. 56 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:32,250 Check this out. 57 00:02:32,250 --> 00:02:33,833 - [Son] It's blue. 58 00:02:35,042 --> 00:02:36,583 - [Tony] Let's look at that again. 59 00:02:36,583 --> 00:02:39,000 Kelly estimates the massive creature to be 60 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:41,542 about 20 to 30 feet long. 61 00:02:41,542 --> 00:02:43,875 While this footage is curiously unique, 62 00:02:43,875 --> 00:02:45,542 it may actually be showing us 63 00:02:45,542 --> 00:02:48,042 a clearer view of a legendary creature, 64 00:02:48,042 --> 00:02:50,000 a cryptid as they're known, 65 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:52,083 that's been widely reported before. 66 00:02:52,083 --> 00:02:55,083 Field researcher Kim Gerhard explains. 67 00:02:55,083 --> 00:02:57,292 - Cadborosaurus or Caddy 68 00:02:57,292 --> 00:03:00,083 is a mysterious sea creature 69 00:03:00,500 --> 00:03:04,208 that's been reported off the coast of Pacific North America. 70 00:03:04,208 --> 00:03:06,125 The name is associated with 71 00:03:06,125 --> 00:03:07,708 the location where it's most been seen, 72 00:03:07,708 --> 00:03:11,333 which is Cadboro Bay, British Columbia. 73 00:03:11,333 --> 00:03:14,083 Cadborosaurus is generally described as 74 00:03:14,083 --> 00:03:17,042 an immense serpentine animal, 75 00:03:17,042 --> 00:03:19,625 anywhere from 60 to 100 feet in length, 76 00:03:19,625 --> 00:03:23,417 with a horse-like head, sharp, fish-like teeth, 77 00:03:23,417 --> 00:03:25,917 giant forward-facing eyes. 78 00:03:25,917 --> 00:03:28,500 - [Tony] There have been more than 300 sightings 79 00:03:28,500 --> 00:03:30,708 of Caddy over the past 200 years, 80 00:03:30,708 --> 00:03:33,667 including one case in the 1930s that may have produced 81 00:03:33,667 --> 00:03:36,208 actual physical evidence of the creature. 82 00:03:36,208 --> 00:03:38,958 - During the summer of 1937, 83 00:03:38,958 --> 00:03:41,208 off the coast of British Columbia, 84 00:03:41,208 --> 00:03:43,625 there was a strange animal that was found 85 00:03:43,625 --> 00:03:45,625 in the stomach of a sperm whale. 86 00:03:45,625 --> 00:03:48,875 This animal popped out that was snake-like in form, 87 00:03:48,875 --> 00:03:53,917 had a horse-like head, two flippers and a fluke tail. 88 00:03:54,917 --> 00:03:56,250 The man in charge actually 89 00:03:56,250 --> 00:03:58,375 had these workers take some photographs of it. 90 00:03:58,375 --> 00:04:00,250 Subsequently, this became known as 91 00:04:00,250 --> 00:04:02,042 the Naden Harbour carcass. 92 00:04:02,042 --> 00:04:03,625 In my opinion, 93 00:04:03,625 --> 00:04:06,292 this is the same animal that we see in this video. 94 00:04:06,292 --> 00:04:08,167 But there are other theories as well. 95 00:04:08,167 --> 00:04:10,500 That perhaps we could be looking at 96 00:04:10,500 --> 00:04:14,292 a primitive type of snake-like whale known as a Basilosaur. 97 00:04:15,833 --> 00:04:18,875 - [Tony] The Basilosaur, or Basilosaurus, 98 00:04:18,875 --> 00:04:20,792 was a fearsome predatory whale 99 00:04:20,792 --> 00:04:23,417 which swam the oceans nearly 40 million years ago. 100 00:04:23,417 --> 00:04:26,167 And while scientists first described this as 101 00:04:26,167 --> 00:04:27,750 a giant reptile, 102 00:04:27,750 --> 00:04:30,708 further research determined it to be a marine mammal, 103 00:04:30,708 --> 00:04:33,417 one that could grow up to 65 feet in length. 104 00:04:33,417 --> 00:04:35,458 Could this be the same creature? 105 00:04:35,458 --> 00:04:37,375 - There have been hundreds, if not thousands, 106 00:04:37,375 --> 00:04:39,542 of eyewitness accounts, so I think that we could build 107 00:04:39,542 --> 00:04:42,625 a pretty strong case that this animal really does exist. 108 00:04:44,667 --> 00:04:46,833 - Right after this video was revealed, 109 00:04:46,833 --> 00:04:50,458 two Cadborosaurus researchers went to visit the Nash family 110 00:04:50,458 --> 00:04:52,333 who shot this footage. 111 00:04:52,333 --> 00:04:53,500 They claim the creature 112 00:04:53,500 --> 00:04:55,375 fully lifted its head out of the water 113 00:04:55,375 --> 00:04:58,292 and even turned to face their camcorder. 114 00:04:58,292 --> 00:04:59,583 But of course, 115 00:04:59,583 --> 00:05:01,625 that piece of evidence isn't on this recording. 116 00:05:01,625 --> 00:05:03,250 Let's see what our experts have to say about 117 00:05:03,250 --> 00:05:04,917 the evidence that remains. 118 00:05:06,292 --> 00:05:09,208 (somber pulsing music) 119 00:05:09,208 --> 00:05:12,625 We first wanted to check the authenticity of this tape, 120 00:05:12,625 --> 00:05:15,500 so we brought it to forensic video analyst Michael Primeau. 121 00:05:15,500 --> 00:05:18,375 - This video has indications that it was enhanced, 122 00:05:18,375 --> 00:05:21,083 it has processing done to enlarge it 123 00:05:21,083 --> 00:05:22,625 as well as stabilize it. 124 00:05:22,625 --> 00:05:24,542 There's too many unknown variables here 125 00:05:24,542 --> 00:05:27,625 to actually arrive at some sort of accurate conclusion 126 00:05:27,625 --> 00:05:29,875 because the video has been enhanced. 127 00:05:29,875 --> 00:05:31,833 - [Tony] So there's already a red flag. 128 00:05:31,833 --> 00:05:33,292 But to be fair, 129 00:05:33,292 --> 00:05:36,542 we spoke with marine biologist Shea Steingass. 130 00:05:36,542 --> 00:05:38,708 She first looks at this creature's possible connection 131 00:05:38,708 --> 00:05:41,792 with the prehistoric Basilosaurus. 132 00:05:41,792 --> 00:05:43,708 - I don't think that's what we're looking at 133 00:05:43,708 --> 00:05:46,208 because the body type of the Basilosaur 134 00:05:46,208 --> 00:05:47,625 was actually pretty solid. 135 00:05:47,625 --> 00:05:49,750 It wasn't a snake-like animal. 136 00:05:49,750 --> 00:05:51,792 - [Tony] However, Steingass believes 137 00:05:51,792 --> 00:05:53,625 this creature does have more in common 138 00:05:53,625 --> 00:05:56,000 with the marine mammal Basilosaurus 139 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:59,708 than the supposed reptile corpse from Naden Harbour. 140 00:05:59,708 --> 00:06:04,375 - Nushagak Bay is part of a polar arctic environment, 141 00:06:04,375 --> 00:06:06,875 very cold environments to live in. 142 00:06:06,875 --> 00:06:10,708 It's very unlikely that any kind of reptile-like animal, 143 00:06:10,708 --> 00:06:15,042 especially this size, would be existing in Nushagak Bay. 144 00:06:15,042 --> 00:06:18,625 The animals that thrive here are typically either fish, 145 00:06:18,625 --> 00:06:22,542 invertebrates that live on the bottom, or marine mammals. 146 00:06:22,542 --> 00:06:24,458 There's really no reptiles or snakes 147 00:06:24,458 --> 00:06:26,333 that this could be mistaken for. 148 00:06:27,250 --> 00:06:28,875 - [Tony] Many online critics claim 149 00:06:28,875 --> 00:06:31,500 we are just looking at some piece of trash 150 00:06:31,500 --> 00:06:34,458 or floating debris, but the dozens of tech people 151 00:06:34,458 --> 00:06:36,917 and fishermen who have studied this video 152 00:06:36,917 --> 00:06:39,958 can't explain how debris could move in such an organic way. 153 00:06:41,167 --> 00:06:42,542 Other skeptics have suggested 154 00:06:42,542 --> 00:06:44,583 this could be a formation of seals 155 00:06:44,583 --> 00:06:47,542 or possibly a known giant animal like an oarfish 156 00:06:47,542 --> 00:06:48,875 or a giant eel. 157 00:06:48,875 --> 00:06:51,583 But surprisingly, Steingass is doubtful. 158 00:06:51,583 --> 00:06:54,417 - The oarfish has these beautiful dorsal fins 159 00:06:54,417 --> 00:06:57,708 that help them be more hydrodynamic as they swim, 160 00:06:57,708 --> 00:06:59,667 and we don't see that here. 161 00:06:59,667 --> 00:07:03,500 This animal doesn't really seem to have any clear anatomy. 162 00:07:03,500 --> 00:07:05,417 Another really popular theory is that 163 00:07:05,417 --> 00:07:07,875 this is some kind of a giant eel. 164 00:07:07,875 --> 00:07:11,042 And frankly, there's no species of eel 165 00:07:11,042 --> 00:07:15,042 that would be quite this size in Nushagak Bay. 166 00:07:15,042 --> 00:07:16,708 - [Tony] And as far as seals go, 167 00:07:16,708 --> 00:07:18,708 Steingass says it's unlikely 168 00:07:18,708 --> 00:07:21,708 since seals don't typically swim in linear groups, 169 00:07:21,708 --> 00:07:23,542 nor would they keep their heads submerged 170 00:07:23,542 --> 00:07:26,042 while exposing other parts of their body. 171 00:07:26,042 --> 00:07:29,042 So with all of these potential possibilities ruled out, 172 00:07:29,042 --> 00:07:32,208 does Steingass have any idea what this is? 173 00:07:32,208 --> 00:07:35,833 Unfortunately, like many who have chased Caddy's tail, 174 00:07:35,833 --> 00:07:36,875 she's stumped. 175 00:07:36,875 --> 00:07:38,375 - This is really interesting footage 176 00:07:38,375 --> 00:07:40,750 and part of the charm of it for me is that 177 00:07:40,750 --> 00:07:43,958 it's difficult to tell exactly what we're looking at. 178 00:07:43,958 --> 00:07:47,708 So this might be one of those classic sea monster videos 179 00:07:47,708 --> 00:07:49,958 that's gonna stick around for a long time. 180 00:07:54,625 --> 00:07:55,542 - Our verdict? 181 00:07:55,542 --> 00:07:57,375 Possible cryptid. 182 00:07:57,375 --> 00:08:00,542 If the video is legit, and yes, that's an if, 183 00:08:00,542 --> 00:08:03,042 whatever this thing is has stumped 184 00:08:03,042 --> 00:08:04,750 our ace marine biologist. 185 00:08:04,750 --> 00:08:07,542 People have been looking at this footage since 2009 186 00:08:07,542 --> 00:08:11,208 and to this day it remains a mystery. 187 00:08:11,208 --> 00:08:12,542 But you can be sure 188 00:08:12,542 --> 00:08:15,333 if any more footage of Caddy comes our way, 189 00:08:15,333 --> 00:08:16,667 you'll see it here first. 190 00:08:18,208 --> 00:08:23,208 Now let's head south to Texas and back in time to the 1950s. 191 00:08:24,625 --> 00:08:27,625 UFO mania is in high gear, especially in Lubbock, 192 00:08:27,625 --> 00:08:29,708 the site of a peculiar phenomenon 193 00:08:29,708 --> 00:08:31,917 that is still being debated today. 194 00:08:33,083 --> 00:08:37,125 August 31st, 1951, 18-year-old Carl Hart, Jr. 195 00:08:37,125 --> 00:08:39,542 has his bed pushed next to an open window 196 00:08:39,542 --> 00:08:41,583 in his Lubbock, Texas home. 197 00:08:41,583 --> 00:08:43,792 He's waiting for a strange recurring phenomenon 198 00:08:43,792 --> 00:08:45,500 he'd read about in the papers. 199 00:08:45,500 --> 00:08:47,042 Suddenly it appears. 200 00:08:47,042 --> 00:08:49,417 Hart grabs his camera and runs out into the backyard 201 00:08:49,417 --> 00:08:51,625 to capture the stunning sight. 202 00:08:51,625 --> 00:08:54,750 A V-shaped formation of 15 to 30 lights 203 00:08:54,750 --> 00:08:56,875 appears in the night sky. 204 00:08:56,875 --> 00:08:59,667 Eyewitnesses say the lights were bluish-green in color, 205 00:08:59,667 --> 00:09:03,250 traveling silently overhead from north to south. 206 00:09:03,250 --> 00:09:04,750 The lights then disappeared, 207 00:09:04,750 --> 00:09:07,125 only to reappear a few minutes later. 208 00:09:07,125 --> 00:09:10,625 Writer Amy Teitel says Carl's sighting wasn't the first time 209 00:09:10,625 --> 00:09:11,875 these lights were witnessed. 210 00:09:11,875 --> 00:09:14,625 - Five days earlier on August 25th, 211 00:09:14,625 --> 00:09:16,708 the same formation appeared in the sky 212 00:09:16,708 --> 00:09:19,083 in view of three college professors, 213 00:09:19,083 --> 00:09:22,625 one of which was an engineer, and another was a physicist. 214 00:09:22,625 --> 00:09:25,042 If any group of people had the skills 215 00:09:25,042 --> 00:09:28,500 to figure out what this was, it was that group. 216 00:09:28,500 --> 00:09:29,792 - [Tony] After that first sighting, 217 00:09:29,792 --> 00:09:31,792 the professors would often observe these lights 218 00:09:31,792 --> 00:09:33,792 two or three times a night for the next few weeks 219 00:09:33,792 --> 00:09:35,875 before they disappeared forever. 220 00:09:35,875 --> 00:09:37,875 Despite no shortage of eyewitnesses, 221 00:09:37,875 --> 00:09:40,792 Carl was the only one able to successfully capture 222 00:09:40,792 --> 00:09:42,333 the lights on film. 223 00:09:42,333 --> 00:09:45,208 - Carl Hart was ultimately interrogated by the US Air Force 224 00:09:45,208 --> 00:09:48,542 and eventually the FBI as part of Project Blue Book. 225 00:09:49,125 --> 00:09:51,208 - [Tony] Project Blue Book was the code name for 226 00:09:51,208 --> 00:09:54,125 the systematic study of UFOs by the US Air Force 227 00:09:54,125 --> 00:09:56,583 from 1947 to 1969. 228 00:09:56,583 --> 00:09:58,042 - Lieutenant Edward Ruppelt, 229 00:09:58,042 --> 00:10:00,458 who was the lead investigator on Project Blue Book, 230 00:10:00,458 --> 00:10:02,917 also got in on Hart's story. 231 00:10:02,917 --> 00:10:05,042 He looked at the negatives of the photographs 232 00:10:05,042 --> 00:10:08,708 and determined they were authentic and untampered with. 233 00:10:08,708 --> 00:10:12,708 - [Tony] Project Blue Book reviewed over 12,000 cases. 234 00:10:12,708 --> 00:10:16,375 About 700 of them were determined to be genuine UFOs, 235 00:10:16,375 --> 00:10:18,208 including the Lubbock Lights. 236 00:10:18,208 --> 00:10:21,000 However, Lieutenant Ruppelt also conducted 237 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:23,708 his own investigation and later claimed to have learned 238 00:10:23,708 --> 00:10:25,500 what caused the Lubbock Lights. 239 00:10:25,500 --> 00:10:27,542 But don't get excited just yet. 240 00:10:27,542 --> 00:10:29,958 - On the condition that he remain anonymous, 241 00:10:29,958 --> 00:10:32,708 a scientist confided in Ruppelt that 242 00:10:32,708 --> 00:10:34,500 these lights were actually consistent with 243 00:10:34,500 --> 00:10:36,875 a naturally occurring phenomena. 244 00:10:36,875 --> 00:10:40,167 Ruppelt kept the secret of what the natural phenomenon is 245 00:10:40,167 --> 00:10:43,792 because he realized that any discussion or any information 246 00:10:43,792 --> 00:10:46,292 would lead people back to the scientist. 247 00:10:46,292 --> 00:10:48,708 - [Tony] So while Ruppelt may have had an answer, 248 00:10:48,708 --> 00:10:50,208 as far as we're concerned, 249 00:10:50,208 --> 00:10:52,875 the Lubbock Lights remain an unsolved mystery. 250 00:10:52,875 --> 00:10:55,375 - No one knows exactly what these lights are 251 00:10:55,375 --> 00:10:57,000 and many question that Ruppelt 252 00:10:57,000 --> 00:10:59,875 ever had an anonymous scientific source. 253 00:10:59,875 --> 00:11:02,542 Whatever this naturally occurring phenomena is, 254 00:11:02,542 --> 00:11:05,292 it has alluded other scientists for decades. 255 00:11:07,708 --> 00:11:10,458 - This isn't your typical UFO sighting. 256 00:11:10,458 --> 00:11:13,583 This happened multiple times a night over two weeks 257 00:11:13,583 --> 00:11:15,375 and hundreds of people saw it. 258 00:11:15,375 --> 00:11:18,833 But we still don't have confirmation of what it was, 259 00:11:18,833 --> 00:11:21,250 unless you believe Lieutenant Ruppelt 260 00:11:21,250 --> 00:11:24,208 really did have an anonymous source who figured it out. 261 00:11:24,208 --> 00:11:26,333 Let's see if our experts can shed some light 262 00:11:26,333 --> 00:11:27,167 on this mystery. 263 00:11:28,292 --> 00:11:30,000 (somber pulsing music) 264 00:11:31,125 --> 00:11:34,000 First, we had astrophotographer Andrew McCarthy 265 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:35,833 analyze a popular theory that 266 00:11:35,833 --> 00:11:37,833 the lights were actually plovers, 267 00:11:37,833 --> 00:11:39,958 migrating birds local to Lubbock, 268 00:11:39,958 --> 00:11:42,458 that were reflecting the street lights below them. 269 00:11:42,458 --> 00:11:45,583 - Birds generally aren't going to be reflective enough 270 00:11:45,583 --> 00:11:47,708 to shine this brightly at night. 271 00:11:47,708 --> 00:11:50,042 I've photographed birds at night many times, 272 00:11:50,042 --> 00:11:53,875 they never show up as brighter than the surrounding sky. 273 00:11:53,875 --> 00:11:55,708 The birds are always silhouetted. 274 00:11:55,708 --> 00:11:58,458 These lights were incredibly bright. 275 00:11:58,458 --> 00:11:59,750 - [Tony] Others speculate that 276 00:11:59,750 --> 00:12:01,500 these were secret military craft, 277 00:12:01,500 --> 00:12:04,958 but military aviation expert Tim McMillan has his doubts. 278 00:12:04,958 --> 00:12:08,750 - If we are to assume that each of the points of light 279 00:12:08,750 --> 00:12:13,042 that are on the photograph are an individual aircraft 280 00:12:13,042 --> 00:12:15,208 that would suggest that these would be aircraft 281 00:12:15,208 --> 00:12:19,875 that are extremely densely packed together, 282 00:12:19,875 --> 00:12:22,292 far more so than what would be safe 283 00:12:22,292 --> 00:12:24,542 in conventional airborne operations. 284 00:12:24,542 --> 00:12:25,792 And so it leads me to believe that 285 00:12:25,792 --> 00:12:28,750 we're not looking at individual planes. 286 00:12:28,750 --> 00:12:30,792 - [Tony] Perhaps then this was one aircraft 287 00:12:30,792 --> 00:12:32,375 with several lights? 288 00:12:32,375 --> 00:12:35,083 But according to Ruppelt's independent investigation, 289 00:12:35,083 --> 00:12:37,208 the Lubbock Lights were thought to be flying at 290 00:12:37,208 --> 00:12:39,667 an altitude of only 800 to 1,000 feet, 291 00:12:39,667 --> 00:12:41,125 just a fraction of the height of 292 00:12:41,125 --> 00:12:43,042 a standard commercial aircraft. 293 00:12:43,042 --> 00:12:45,250 McMillan says, "Any plane at that altitude 294 00:12:45,250 --> 00:12:48,083 should have been heard as well as seen." 295 00:12:48,083 --> 00:12:50,750 - Eyewitnesses said that they didn't hear any noise. 296 00:12:50,750 --> 00:12:53,208 The idea that you would be able to do that silently 297 00:12:53,208 --> 00:12:56,292 is not consistent with the technology we have today, 298 00:12:56,292 --> 00:12:59,458 much less in 1951. 299 00:12:59,458 --> 00:13:01,833 - [Tony] What about Ruppelt's anonymous scientist? 300 00:13:01,833 --> 00:13:03,417 He claimed the Lubbock Lights were, quote, 301 00:13:07,792 --> 00:13:09,917 We asked meteorologist Juan Hernandez 302 00:13:09,917 --> 00:13:12,375 what that could possibly refer to. 303 00:13:12,375 --> 00:13:14,750 - I can confidently say this is not meteorological. 304 00:13:14,750 --> 00:13:17,375 The reports say that this happened over 305 00:13:17,375 --> 00:13:19,375 and over continuous days. 306 00:13:19,375 --> 00:13:20,542 That is unlike weather. 307 00:13:20,542 --> 00:13:22,250 The wind conditions, the temperature, 308 00:13:22,250 --> 00:13:24,833 all that is gonna change on a day-to-day basis. 309 00:13:24,833 --> 00:13:26,875 It's not astronomical either. 310 00:13:26,875 --> 00:13:30,083 Whether we're talking about meteors or comets, 311 00:13:30,083 --> 00:13:34,000 objects from outer space never fall in perfect formation. 312 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:36,875 - [Tony] Which of course leaves only one more option. 313 00:13:36,875 --> 00:13:38,917 - Whether or not it's out of this world, 314 00:13:38,917 --> 00:13:40,458 that's not for me to decide. 315 00:13:44,875 --> 00:13:45,833 - Our verdict? 316 00:13:45,833 --> 00:13:47,583 The same as Project Blue Book's. 317 00:13:47,583 --> 00:13:50,375 We're calling this a genuine UFO, 318 00:13:50,375 --> 00:13:53,208 at least until Lieutenant Ruppelt's anonymous source 319 00:13:53,208 --> 00:13:59,958 is revealed along with his explanation. 320 00:13:59,958 --> 00:14:02,083 - Okay, imagine being at home 321 00:14:02,083 --> 00:14:06,167 and there's a massive diesel truck idling right next door. 322 00:14:06,167 --> 00:14:09,042 The noise might bother you, but it'll be gone soon. 323 00:14:09,042 --> 00:14:12,042 Well, to some Canadians, a similar idling sound 324 00:14:12,042 --> 00:14:15,500 remained just that, idling for nearly a decade. 325 00:14:16,583 --> 00:14:19,500 2011, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, 326 00:14:19,500 --> 00:14:20,750 right across the river 327 00:14:20,750 --> 00:14:22,125 from Detroit, Michigan. 328 00:14:22,125 --> 00:14:24,833 Toronto-based filmmaker Adam Makarenko 329 00:14:24,833 --> 00:14:27,750 has set out to document a mysterious phenomenon, 330 00:14:27,750 --> 00:14:30,292 one you hear rather than see. 331 00:14:30,292 --> 00:14:32,708 As Adam films the dark green foliage 332 00:14:32,708 --> 00:14:35,000 in the Ojibwe Nature Reserve, 333 00:14:35,000 --> 00:14:37,542 a persistent noise can be heard in the background. 334 00:14:37,542 --> 00:14:38,375 Listen closely. 335 00:14:39,333 --> 00:14:42,083 (air squealing) 336 00:14:45,708 --> 00:14:48,375 That's what's known as the Windsor Hum, 337 00:14:48,375 --> 00:14:51,833 a constant low frequency sound whose origin is unknown. 338 00:14:53,208 --> 00:14:55,792 - It was like this X file that no one could solve. 339 00:14:55,792 --> 00:14:58,000 No one knew where it was coming from. 340 00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:00,208 You kind of feel it more than you hear it. 341 00:15:00,208 --> 00:15:03,750 It was shaking people's houses, people were moving away. 342 00:15:03,750 --> 00:15:07,375 So it had all these things to it that really intrigued me. 343 00:15:07,375 --> 00:15:08,917 - [Tony] Adam starts investigating. 344 00:15:08,917 --> 00:15:13,000 His first suspect? The two Windsor salt mines. 345 00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:15,708 They produce millions of tons of salt each year, 346 00:15:15,708 --> 00:15:19,875 85% of which goes to de-icing roads across Canada. 347 00:15:19,875 --> 00:15:21,042 - So I went there 348 00:15:21,042 --> 00:15:22,708 and I did a little bit of an investigation. 349 00:15:22,708 --> 00:15:24,667 Salt mines said, "No, it's not us. 350 00:15:24,667 --> 00:15:26,333 We're not creating the noise." 351 00:15:26,333 --> 00:15:28,917 - [Tony] Canada's government is also on the case, 352 00:15:28,917 --> 00:15:30,750 and in September of 2011, 353 00:15:30,750 --> 00:15:32,375 the Ministry of Natural Resources 354 00:15:32,375 --> 00:15:35,250 releases its readings from seismometers, 355 00:15:35,250 --> 00:15:37,708 instruments that respond to ground noises. 356 00:15:37,708 --> 00:15:39,000 - [Adam] When they did the test, 357 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:40,958 they determined that it was airborne 358 00:15:40,958 --> 00:15:43,542 so that it wasn't coming from the ground. 359 00:15:43,542 --> 00:15:46,625 - [Tony] The investigation then turns to a funky place 360 00:15:46,625 --> 00:15:48,167 with a funky name, 361 00:15:50,542 --> 00:15:51,625 It's an old steel 362 00:15:51,625 --> 00:15:52,792 manufacturing site 363 00:15:52,792 --> 00:15:54,792 on the US side of the Detroit River 364 00:15:54,792 --> 00:15:58,000 that only became an island when car magnate Henry Ford 365 00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:01,708 built a shipping canal around it in the 1920s. 366 00:16:01,708 --> 00:16:03,125 - [Adam] No one can access it. 367 00:16:03,125 --> 00:16:04,833 The police can't go on the island. 368 00:16:04,833 --> 00:16:06,167 - [Tony] That's right. 369 00:16:06,167 --> 00:16:08,667 Today access to Zug Island is restricted, 370 00:16:08,667 --> 00:16:10,250 its activities undisclosed 371 00:16:10,250 --> 00:16:12,667 and the entire compound is said to be under 372 00:16:12,667 --> 00:16:14,833 Homeland Security protection. 373 00:16:14,833 --> 00:16:16,250 Journalist Alexis Brooks says, 374 00:16:16,250 --> 00:16:19,833 "This is why some call it Detroit's Area 51." 375 00:16:19,833 --> 00:16:21,125 - When you have an area that's 376 00:16:21,125 --> 00:16:23,833 a secret, Homeland Security involved, 377 00:16:23,833 --> 00:16:26,917 you have to wonder if there was something defense oriented 378 00:16:26,917 --> 00:16:30,125 going on there and there could have been a hum 379 00:16:30,125 --> 00:16:32,500 that was emanating from that process. 380 00:16:32,500 --> 00:16:35,208 (air squealing) 381 00:16:38,500 --> 00:16:41,417 - What's even more mysterious is it's only the Canadians, 382 00:16:41,417 --> 00:16:43,958 not the Americans who hear the hum. 383 00:16:43,958 --> 00:16:45,208 Yet the US government 384 00:16:45,208 --> 00:16:47,583 won't cooperate with its northern neighbor 385 00:16:47,583 --> 00:16:48,625 on an investigation 386 00:16:48,625 --> 00:16:51,125 and researchers have never been granted 387 00:16:51,125 --> 00:16:53,125 access to Zug Island. 388 00:16:53,125 --> 00:16:54,875 So the question still remains. 389 00:16:54,875 --> 00:16:56,625 Where does the hum come from? 390 00:16:57,667 --> 00:16:59,500 (somber music) 391 00:17:01,042 --> 00:17:02,583 The salt mines deny it, 392 00:17:02,583 --> 00:17:05,792 but could they unknowingly be the source of the sound? 393 00:17:05,792 --> 00:17:09,417 The mining process involves drilling holes into salt walls 394 00:17:09,417 --> 00:17:12,458 that are loaded with explosives to blast the rock salt, 395 00:17:12,458 --> 00:17:14,792 which is then crushed on conveyors. 396 00:17:14,792 --> 00:17:18,250 Audio analyst Rob Maher does a sound wave comparison. 397 00:17:18,250 --> 00:17:21,375 - This sound is a very low frequency sound, 398 00:17:21,375 --> 00:17:26,375 approximately 35 hertz, 35 cycles per second. 399 00:17:27,667 --> 00:17:29,292 The strongest frequencies in the underground mining 400 00:17:29,292 --> 00:17:32,042 is between 100 and 200 hertz. 401 00:17:32,042 --> 00:17:35,542 (machine humming) 402 00:17:35,542 --> 00:17:39,083 (air squealing) 403 00:17:39,083 --> 00:17:41,542 So it's at a higher frequency range 404 00:17:41,542 --> 00:17:44,708 and there's not a lot of energy down in the range where 405 00:17:44,708 --> 00:17:48,542 we found the Windsor Hum signal to be located. 406 00:17:48,542 --> 00:17:49,875 - [Tony] The Windsor area has seen 407 00:17:49,875 --> 00:17:51,708 impressive growth in recent years, 408 00:17:51,708 --> 00:17:55,333 including the construction of the Windsor Essex Parkway. 409 00:17:55,333 --> 00:17:58,667 So Maher considers if ground construction equipment 410 00:17:58,667 --> 00:18:00,375 could be emitting the hum. 411 00:18:00,375 --> 00:18:02,417 - The heavy construction vibration 412 00:18:02,417 --> 00:18:05,500 does have energy down in the 35 hertz range, 413 00:18:05,500 --> 00:18:08,125 but construction equipment would not be operating 414 00:18:08,125 --> 00:18:11,250 all the time all day long for 10 years. 415 00:18:11,250 --> 00:18:14,042 And often the complaints about the hum 416 00:18:14,042 --> 00:18:16,375 were most common at night. 417 00:18:16,375 --> 00:18:18,958 - [Tony] So Maher looks back to Zug Island 418 00:18:18,958 --> 00:18:21,167 to solve this rumbling riddle. 419 00:18:21,167 --> 00:18:24,042 - [Rob] It seems most likely to me the sound is due to 420 00:18:24,042 --> 00:18:26,375 vibrations of the ground. 421 00:18:26,375 --> 00:18:29,792 So that the mechanical equipment across the river 422 00:18:29,792 --> 00:18:32,708 is causing a layer in the geological formations 423 00:18:32,708 --> 00:18:35,417 under the water to cause the ground to vibrate, 424 00:18:35,417 --> 00:18:37,875 sort of like a mini earthquake. 425 00:18:37,875 --> 00:18:39,125 - [Tony] Another report 426 00:18:39,125 --> 00:18:41,375 from two Canadian universities in 2014 427 00:18:41,375 --> 00:18:43,542 seems to point in that direction. 428 00:18:43,542 --> 00:18:48,208 - They determined that a likely cause was 429 00:18:49,500 --> 00:18:54,208 blast furnaces at the United States steel mills. 430 00:18:55,208 --> 00:18:57,208 - [Tony] Though exactly what sort of steel 431 00:18:57,208 --> 00:18:59,833 these furnaces were smelting on Zug Island 432 00:18:59,833 --> 00:19:01,417 is still a mystery. 433 00:19:01,417 --> 00:19:04,417 The researchers believe the furnaces had been running at 434 00:19:04,417 --> 00:19:06,417 a higher than normal capacity, 435 00:19:06,417 --> 00:19:08,917 that was causing intense reverberations 436 00:19:08,917 --> 00:19:11,042 of the plant's metallic foundations, 437 00:19:11,042 --> 00:19:13,042 which propagated across the river 438 00:19:13,042 --> 00:19:14,750 until the mill was shut down. 439 00:19:14,750 --> 00:19:18,500 - The reports of the hum then petered out. 440 00:19:22,667 --> 00:19:23,542 - Our verdict? 441 00:19:23,542 --> 00:19:25,500 The hum was likely caused by 442 00:19:25,500 --> 00:19:28,875 now-decommissioned blast furnaces on Zug Island. 443 00:19:28,875 --> 00:19:32,375 However, the occasional noise complaint still does pop up 444 00:19:32,375 --> 00:19:34,542 from time to time on social media. 445 00:19:34,542 --> 00:19:41,250 So maybe the hum is not quite so done after all. 446 00:19:41,250 --> 00:19:44,083 - Eating honey, olive oil rubdowns, 447 00:19:44,083 --> 00:19:46,125 a good cigar every week. 448 00:19:46,875 --> 00:19:49,208 It seems like every elderly person has their own secret 449 00:19:49,208 --> 00:19:51,083 for extending our lives, 450 00:19:51,083 --> 00:19:54,625 but one man in Thailand may have actually cracked the code. 451 00:19:54,625 --> 00:19:55,833 Let's take a look. 452 00:19:56,208 --> 00:19:58,875 It's March 2022 in western Thailand. 453 00:19:58,875 --> 00:20:01,917 A family is gathered around the bedside of a figure 454 00:20:01,917 --> 00:20:03,292 that barely looks alive. 455 00:20:04,542 --> 00:20:07,333 The man is a monk named Luang Pho Yai 456 00:20:07,333 --> 00:20:09,167 and he is very much alive. 457 00:20:09,167 --> 00:20:10,500 Look again. 458 00:20:10,500 --> 00:20:12,542 His skeletal figure and desiccated skin 459 00:20:12,542 --> 00:20:15,833 make it hard to believe this video is real, but it is. 460 00:20:17,417 --> 00:20:18,917 - Some people who've seen 461 00:20:18,917 --> 00:20:20,375 this video have wondered if 462 00:20:20,375 --> 00:20:22,167 this is the oldest man 463 00:20:22,167 --> 00:20:23,708 who has ever lived, 464 00:20:23,708 --> 00:20:25,375 guessing that his age 465 00:20:25,375 --> 00:20:27,333 is over 150 years old. 466 00:20:27,333 --> 00:20:28,917 - [Tony] For the record, 467 00:20:28,917 --> 00:20:31,750 the oldest documented person in history was Jeanne Calment, 468 00:20:31,750 --> 00:20:35,583 who was born in 1875 and died in 1997 469 00:20:35,583 --> 00:20:39,125 at an amazing 122 years old. 470 00:20:39,125 --> 00:20:42,458 So 150 years old would be a huge jump, 471 00:20:42,458 --> 00:20:44,708 but scientists say where a person lives 472 00:20:44,708 --> 00:20:47,625 can have an effect on how long they live. 473 00:20:47,625 --> 00:20:51,375 - Researchers are fascinated by so-called Blue Zones, 474 00:20:51,375 --> 00:20:53,333 which are geographical areas 475 00:20:53,333 --> 00:20:55,833 with a larger than average number of people 476 00:20:55,833 --> 00:20:57,958 who are 100 years old. 477 00:20:57,958 --> 00:20:59,375 By contrast, 478 00:20:59,375 --> 00:21:02,000 the average life expectancy in the United States 479 00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:04,292 is only 77 years old. 480 00:21:04,292 --> 00:21:07,208 Could the man in this video be benefiting from 481 00:21:07,208 --> 00:21:09,875 one of these so-called Blue Zones? 482 00:21:09,875 --> 00:21:12,625 - [Tony] These Blue Zones don't share many similarities 483 00:21:12,625 --> 00:21:14,000 when it comes to geography, 484 00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:17,417 so their connection to longevity remains a mystery. 485 00:21:17,417 --> 00:21:20,000 But there's another possible explanation, 486 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:23,708 a theory that some people can mummify themselves. 487 00:21:23,708 --> 00:21:25,750 - What this video brings to mind is 488 00:21:25,750 --> 00:21:30,208 the supposed Japanese practice of Sokushinbutsu, 489 00:21:30,208 --> 00:21:33,750 which is the practice of self-mummification. 490 00:21:33,750 --> 00:21:38,875 Self-mummification is meditating so deeply that 491 00:21:39,875 --> 00:21:43,167 you pass away in that meditative state, 492 00:21:43,167 --> 00:21:46,583 becoming a preserved body. 493 00:21:46,583 --> 00:21:48,375 The practice is believed to have been 494 00:21:48,375 --> 00:21:50,667 observed by Buddhist monks 495 00:21:50,667 --> 00:21:55,542 who would practice a form of such extreme asceticism 496 00:21:55,542 --> 00:21:59,875 that their bodies would simply mummify themselves. 497 00:21:59,875 --> 00:22:04,292 - According to Atlas Obscura, between 1081 and 1903 498 00:22:04,292 --> 00:22:08,000 at least 17 monks managed to mummify themselves. 499 00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:11,292 Is that astonishing ability what we're seeing here? 500 00:22:13,958 --> 00:22:17,583 The act of self-mummification was criminalized in Japan 501 00:22:17,583 --> 00:22:19,042 during the late 1800s 502 00:22:19,042 --> 00:22:22,375 as it was deemed inhumane by the government. 503 00:22:22,375 --> 00:22:24,708 So has this man revived the practice? 504 00:22:24,708 --> 00:22:28,333 Or is he mastering some other form of self-preservation? 505 00:22:28,333 --> 00:22:29,833 We asked our experts. 506 00:22:33,958 --> 00:22:36,500 Could this man be gaining extended life 507 00:22:36,500 --> 00:22:38,083 by residing in one of the world's 508 00:22:38,083 --> 00:22:40,042 seemingly magical Blue Zones? 509 00:22:40,042 --> 00:22:43,500 Biologist Stephanie Manka says, "That's an easy no." 510 00:22:43,500 --> 00:22:46,083 - Being in a Blue Zone is not a factor 511 00:22:46,625 --> 00:22:48,542 that allows him to live this long. 512 00:22:48,542 --> 00:22:52,542 This is in Thailand, it's not in one of the Blue Zone areas. 513 00:22:52,542 --> 00:22:53,917 - [Tony] So could we be looking at 514 00:22:53,917 --> 00:22:57,375 a real example of self-mummification in action? 515 00:22:57,375 --> 00:22:58,792 Manka is doubtful. 516 00:22:58,792 --> 00:23:01,125 - I don't think we're seeing self-mummification here. 517 00:23:01,125 --> 00:23:03,875 You know that his skin has gone through a lot over time 518 00:23:03,875 --> 00:23:08,125 and his muscles have broken down and he's just aged. 519 00:23:08,125 --> 00:23:12,792 It appears he has plans to become cremated after he passes, 520 00:23:12,792 --> 00:23:16,500 so he's not attempting to become a Sokushinbutsu. 521 00:23:17,833 --> 00:23:19,833 - [Tony] Manka believes this may be nothing more than 522 00:23:19,833 --> 00:23:23,375 a determined monk using a trained focused mind 523 00:23:23,375 --> 00:23:25,250 to prolong the inevitable. 524 00:23:25,250 --> 00:23:27,292 - Your mind can actually have 525 00:23:27,292 --> 00:23:30,708 a great influence over your health. 526 00:23:30,708 --> 00:23:33,500 There's studies where monks have been able to 527 00:23:33,500 --> 00:23:36,500 actually change their internal core temperature 528 00:23:36,500 --> 00:23:39,167 by several degrees of Fahrenheit 529 00:23:39,167 --> 00:23:41,625 just through meditative states. 530 00:23:42,958 --> 00:23:45,458 I definitely think that mind over matter 531 00:23:45,458 --> 00:23:48,042 could have helped him live this long 532 00:23:48,042 --> 00:23:50,458 because he's been able to keep his stress so low, 533 00:23:50,458 --> 00:23:52,375 likely because of meditating. 534 00:23:55,458 --> 00:23:57,708 - [Tony] Emergency physician Ed Hope thinks 535 00:23:57,708 --> 00:24:01,542 Luang's appearance and his advanced age, whatever it is, 536 00:24:01,542 --> 00:24:03,625 have to do with how much he eats. 537 00:24:03,625 --> 00:24:06,708 - Luang probably has a very modest diet 538 00:24:06,708 --> 00:24:08,375 and he probably avoids some of those other things 539 00:24:08,375 --> 00:24:10,583 that might speed aging up, 540 00:24:10,583 --> 00:24:13,500 such as smoking and drinking alcohol. 541 00:24:13,500 --> 00:24:15,583 - [Tony] Research backs up the hypothesis that 542 00:24:15,583 --> 00:24:18,917 calorie restriction slows down the aging process, 543 00:24:18,917 --> 00:24:21,667 but it can't prevent inevitable muscle breakdown 544 00:24:21,667 --> 00:24:23,833 known as sarcopenia. 545 00:24:23,833 --> 00:24:27,708 - So sarco means muscle and penia means a reduction of. 546 00:24:27,708 --> 00:24:29,958 So we're seeing a reduction of muscle mass. 547 00:24:29,958 --> 00:24:32,208 The cells he produces now aren't as good 548 00:24:32,208 --> 00:24:34,000 as the cells he's produced before, 549 00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:37,417 and that's why he's got this very frail appearance. 550 00:24:37,417 --> 00:24:39,750 - [Tony] However, Hope says another factor 551 00:24:39,750 --> 00:24:41,708 might play an even bigger role here. 552 00:24:41,708 --> 00:24:43,625 - A human can only live so long 553 00:24:43,625 --> 00:24:45,500 and that's really gonna be defined by 554 00:24:45,500 --> 00:24:47,083 your personal genetics. 555 00:24:47,083 --> 00:24:50,083 He's certainly benefiting from good genetics as well. 556 00:24:50,083 --> 00:24:53,125 Not everyone, even if you live a very healthy life, 557 00:24:53,125 --> 00:24:55,833 will live as long as Luang here. 558 00:24:55,833 --> 00:24:58,625 The woman that's lived the longest, Jeanne Calment, 559 00:24:58,625 --> 00:25:02,083 a French woman who lived to the age of 122, 560 00:25:02,083 --> 00:25:05,042 actually must have benefited from very good genetics 561 00:25:05,042 --> 00:25:09,750 because she was smoking all the way up to age 117. 562 00:25:09,750 --> 00:25:12,542 - [Tony] And as far as Luang being the oldest living man 563 00:25:12,542 --> 00:25:15,125 at 150 years old, we dug into it. 564 00:25:15,125 --> 00:25:16,708 Ends up, 565 00:25:16,708 --> 00:25:18,667 that's just a rumor that caught fire on the internet. 566 00:25:18,667 --> 00:25:22,083 - [Ed] Sadly, Luang passed away due to advanced age 567 00:25:22,083 --> 00:25:23,750 at the age of 107. 568 00:25:28,292 --> 00:25:29,667 - Our verdict? 569 00:25:29,667 --> 00:25:31,542 We agree that what we are seeing is 570 00:25:31,542 --> 00:25:33,500 a man who extended his lifespan 571 00:25:33,500 --> 00:25:35,708 through disciplined eating 572 00:25:35,708 --> 00:25:37,583 and who benefited from good genetics. 573 00:25:37,583 --> 00:25:40,458 And while it ends up the rumors of Luang's life 574 00:25:40,458 --> 00:25:44,417 were greatly exaggerated, his surprising success on TikTok 575 00:25:44,417 --> 00:25:51,750 has in a way granted him a form of internet immortality. 576 00:25:51,750 --> 00:25:53,500 - From Banshees to Nessie, 577 00:25:53,500 --> 00:25:56,375 Scotland has no shortage of sightings of 578 00:25:56,375 --> 00:25:58,042 the curious and fantastic. 579 00:25:58,042 --> 00:26:01,333 But have you ever heard of a Scottish UFO? 580 00:26:01,333 --> 00:26:02,167 You're about to. 581 00:26:03,250 --> 00:26:05,042 It's November 2021 582 00:26:05,042 --> 00:26:08,125 and a resident of the Maryhill's section of Glasgow Scotland 583 00:26:08,125 --> 00:26:10,542 spots something curious in the sky. 584 00:26:11,542 --> 00:26:13,583 It appears he uses some kind of telescope 585 00:26:13,583 --> 00:26:16,500 to help him grab the image with his iPhone. 586 00:26:16,500 --> 00:26:18,875 The object glides in a deliberate path 587 00:26:18,875 --> 00:26:22,125 as the camera pans from gray clouds to orange skies. 588 00:26:24,583 --> 00:26:27,667 Take a look at this thing's unusual shape. 589 00:26:27,667 --> 00:26:29,042 It's vertically aligned. 590 00:26:29,042 --> 00:26:31,708 You can see that right here with a narrow top 591 00:26:31,708 --> 00:26:33,542 that sure looks like a head. 592 00:26:33,542 --> 00:26:35,542 And then there's a larger middle section, 593 00:26:35,542 --> 00:26:38,042 and beneath that section, 594 00:26:38,042 --> 00:26:43,042 these two protrusions that look like legs or feet. 595 00:26:44,792 --> 00:26:46,875 Author Amy Teitel is well acquainted 596 00:26:46,875 --> 00:26:48,167 with Scottish UFO lore. 597 00:26:48,167 --> 00:26:50,000 - Perhaps the most famous incident was 598 00:26:50,000 --> 00:26:52,875 the Livingston Incident In 1979. 599 00:26:52,875 --> 00:26:55,625 A forester was returning to his home 600 00:26:55,625 --> 00:26:59,250 when he saw a 20 foot diameter floating dome 601 00:26:59,250 --> 00:27:02,458 hovering above the ground in a clearing in the woods. 602 00:27:02,625 --> 00:27:05,500 He described it as being very dark gray in color 603 00:27:05,500 --> 00:27:06,708 with an outer flange 604 00:27:06,708 --> 00:27:09,458 and arms extending from the side of the vehicle 605 00:27:09,458 --> 00:27:11,542 that held propellers. 606 00:27:11,542 --> 00:27:14,375 When he returned home with ripped clothing 607 00:27:14,375 --> 00:27:16,042 and scratches over his body, 608 00:27:16,042 --> 00:27:18,875 his wife called the police to report a criminal assault. 609 00:27:18,875 --> 00:27:22,042 This remains the only UFO incident in the UK 610 00:27:22,042 --> 00:27:25,500 that was also treated as a criminal investigation. 611 00:27:25,500 --> 00:27:28,875 - [Tony] But this object looks nothing like a floating dome. 612 00:27:28,875 --> 00:27:31,583 The vaguely humanoid appearance has some wondering if 613 00:27:31,583 --> 00:27:34,750 it could be some kind of piloted military tech. 614 00:27:34,750 --> 00:27:36,833 - The UK Royal Navy is responsible for 615 00:27:36,833 --> 00:27:40,250 investigating some new technologies including jetpacks 616 00:27:40,250 --> 00:27:43,875 that are allowing pilots to fly between boats at sea 617 00:27:43,875 --> 00:27:47,125 using nothing but a jetpack scrapped on their bodies. 618 00:27:47,125 --> 00:27:50,208 - [Tony] The jetpacks can put out 1000 horsepower, 619 00:27:50,208 --> 00:27:53,208 pushing the pilot to speeds of 85 miles per hour 620 00:27:53,208 --> 00:27:54,417 for 10 minutes. 621 00:27:54,417 --> 00:27:55,958 - So some might ask, 622 00:27:55,958 --> 00:27:59,625 "Is this one of these jetpacks being tested over Glasgow?" 623 00:28:01,875 --> 00:28:04,125 - With such a long history of sightings, 624 00:28:04,125 --> 00:28:07,292 it comes as no surprise that Scotland is home to 625 00:28:07,292 --> 00:28:11,708 the SETI Post-Detection Hub at St. Andrew's University. 626 00:28:11,708 --> 00:28:13,292 Its purpose is to ensure that 627 00:28:13,292 --> 00:28:17,250 humanity will respond responsibly if and when 628 00:28:17,250 --> 00:28:19,125 we make first contact. 629 00:28:19,125 --> 00:28:21,958 Should these scientists roll out the welcome wagon? 630 00:28:21,958 --> 00:28:23,875 Our experts take a further look. 631 00:28:24,583 --> 00:28:27,083 (somber pulsing music) 632 00:28:28,042 --> 00:28:31,958 First, does this object move like most UAPs? 633 00:28:31,958 --> 00:28:34,667 Rich Hoffman of the Scientific Coalition for UAP Studies 634 00:28:34,667 --> 00:28:35,750 has his doubts. 635 00:28:35,958 --> 00:28:37,333 - There's no observable 636 00:28:37,333 --> 00:28:38,417 means of propulsion. 637 00:28:38,417 --> 00:28:40,917 It makes no speed changes. 638 00:28:40,917 --> 00:28:43,250 You don't see any kind of control surfaces on it 639 00:28:43,250 --> 00:28:46,458 that would make it maneuver in a different direction 640 00:28:46,458 --> 00:28:47,917 or anything like that. 641 00:28:47,917 --> 00:28:51,542 We have no reported UAP sightings 642 00:28:51,542 --> 00:28:55,000 that would match anything like this right here. 643 00:28:55,000 --> 00:28:57,458 - [Tony] Well then, does it move like a jetpack? 644 00:28:58,708 --> 00:29:00,875 Video analyst Marc D'Antonio argues that 645 00:29:00,875 --> 00:29:04,542 the limbs of a jetpack pilot constantly move and sway 646 00:29:04,542 --> 00:29:06,208 due to the thrust of the engines. 647 00:29:06,208 --> 00:29:08,042 - And we don't see that here at all, 648 00:29:08,042 --> 00:29:11,667 so I would remove jet packs from contention here. 649 00:29:11,667 --> 00:29:13,500 - [Tony] D'Antonio also argues that 650 00:29:13,500 --> 00:29:17,042 the humanoid shape of the object isn't very humanoid at all, 651 00:29:17,042 --> 00:29:18,958 if you look closely enough. 652 00:29:18,958 --> 00:29:21,083 - This is a very good freeze frame 653 00:29:21,083 --> 00:29:24,917 because we actually can count one, two, three, four, five. 654 00:29:24,917 --> 00:29:27,083 There's five points on this. 655 00:29:27,083 --> 00:29:29,625 And what do you know that has five points? 656 00:29:29,625 --> 00:29:30,958 Five-pointed star. 657 00:29:32,042 --> 00:29:34,542 So it's possible that we're looking at 658 00:29:34,542 --> 00:29:36,750 one or more star balloons. 659 00:29:38,333 --> 00:29:40,750 - [Tony] But how could a balloon of all things 660 00:29:40,750 --> 00:29:42,875 maintain the steady flight? 661 00:29:42,875 --> 00:29:45,083 - The air can be thought of as like a river. 662 00:29:45,083 --> 00:29:46,708 If you're floating down the river, 663 00:29:46,708 --> 00:29:48,708 you're just gonna float on the river 664 00:29:48,708 --> 00:29:50,958 and you're not gonna do much spinning around 665 00:29:50,958 --> 00:29:52,708 unless you reach a turbulent eddy 666 00:29:52,708 --> 00:29:54,458 around a big rock or something. 667 00:29:54,458 --> 00:29:56,667 In the same way when we look in the air, 668 00:29:56,667 --> 00:29:58,750 an object flying through the air 669 00:29:58,750 --> 00:30:01,708 is going to maintain its same position 670 00:30:01,708 --> 00:30:04,208 unless it reaches a turbulent eddy of air. 671 00:30:04,208 --> 00:30:06,708 And so that's why we see it just drifting 672 00:30:06,708 --> 00:30:08,250 in the same exact position. 673 00:30:08,250 --> 00:30:12,917 So my best guess is that it is a specialty Mylar balloon 674 00:30:12,917 --> 00:30:15,083 that happens to be a five-pointed star. 675 00:30:19,125 --> 00:30:21,875 - Our verdict? Mylar balloon. 676 00:30:21,875 --> 00:30:23,708 This sighting may have turned out to be 677 00:30:23,708 --> 00:30:25,125 a simple party favor, 678 00:30:25,125 --> 00:30:28,208 but that doesn't mean the end of our UFO watch. 679 00:30:28,208 --> 00:30:33,958 Scotland, we're not done with you yet. 680 00:30:33,958 --> 00:30:36,917 but that doesn't mean actually traces its roots gal 681 00:30:36,917 --> 00:30:41,417 back 7,000 years to a bocce-like game in Ancient Egypt. 682 00:30:41,417 --> 00:30:44,042 It has been the subject of songs and movies, 683 00:30:44,042 --> 00:30:46,917 but now pinball is the star of a viral video 684 00:30:46,917 --> 00:30:50,167 all because of a physics-defying high score. 685 00:30:52,292 --> 00:30:55,958 It's September 2022 near Austin, Texas. 686 00:30:55,958 --> 00:30:59,042 Local Renaissance Faire fire performer Alton Gass 687 00:30:59,042 --> 00:31:02,042 is celebrating his son's birthday at a pinball arcade 688 00:31:02,042 --> 00:31:04,042 where he's playing some of the classics. 689 00:31:04,042 --> 00:31:07,958 - I came across the Dr. Dude pinball machine 690 00:31:07,958 --> 00:31:10,500 and I decided to give it a whirl. 691 00:31:11,833 --> 00:31:15,125 The worst pinball game I have ever played. 692 00:31:15,125 --> 00:31:17,792 I immediately tank the first two balls. 693 00:31:17,792 --> 00:31:19,542 - [Tony] No need to cue The Who. 694 00:31:19,542 --> 00:31:21,000 This guy's no pinball wizard. 695 00:31:22,542 --> 00:31:26,208 But then Alton's lame game becomes so extraordinary 696 00:31:26,208 --> 00:31:28,417 that he has to memorialize it on film. 697 00:31:29,833 --> 00:31:31,458 - [Alton] I don't know if I should feel bad 698 00:31:31,458 --> 00:31:34,083 or like I've done something fancy. 699 00:31:34,083 --> 00:31:35,958 - [Tony] Check it out. 700 00:31:35,958 --> 00:31:38,083 We can see that a silver pinball 701 00:31:38,083 --> 00:31:41,042 seems to be ricocheting between a wall bumper 702 00:31:41,042 --> 00:31:44,042 and a round bumper over and over again. 703 00:31:44,042 --> 00:31:46,500 The ball shows no sign of slowing down 704 00:31:46,500 --> 00:31:47,833 or changing direction 705 00:31:47,833 --> 00:31:50,417 as the score tallies higher and higher. 706 00:31:52,625 --> 00:31:55,417 - [Tony] Alton surpasses more than a million points 707 00:31:55,417 --> 00:31:56,958 without even trying. 708 00:31:56,958 --> 00:31:58,958 - I was just standing there minding my business 709 00:31:58,958 --> 00:32:02,708 and next thing I knew it was just going and going 710 00:32:02,708 --> 00:32:04,042 and it wouldn't stop. 711 00:32:04,042 --> 00:32:05,750 And I was amazed. 712 00:32:05,750 --> 00:32:07,083 - [Tony] We are too. 713 00:32:07,083 --> 00:32:09,458 But it's just a pinball that got stuck, right? 714 00:32:09,458 --> 00:32:12,875 On the other hand, we've never seen this before. 715 00:32:12,875 --> 00:32:14,833 We've heard all kinds of wild theories 716 00:32:14,833 --> 00:32:16,167 for why this is happening, 717 00:32:16,167 --> 00:32:19,083 from telekinesis to magnets in the bumpers. 718 00:32:19,083 --> 00:32:21,083 But the most intriguing idea is that 719 00:32:21,083 --> 00:32:23,125 this man accidentally stumbled on 720 00:32:23,125 --> 00:32:27,042 one of history's most elusive concepts, perpetual motion. 721 00:32:30,875 --> 00:32:32,208 - [Tony] A perpetual motion machine 722 00:32:32,208 --> 00:32:34,042 is a hypothetical machine 723 00:32:34,042 --> 00:32:36,958 that once in motion stays in motion forever 724 00:32:36,958 --> 00:32:39,667 with no external energy source required. 725 00:32:39,667 --> 00:32:43,583 12th century Indian mathematician Bhaskara II 726 00:32:43,583 --> 00:32:47,292 and 13th century French architect Villard de Honnecourt 727 00:32:47,292 --> 00:32:49,167 were among the first to try to design 728 00:32:49,167 --> 00:32:51,167 perpetual motion machines. 729 00:32:51,167 --> 00:32:53,125 Their idea was to create a wheel 730 00:32:53,125 --> 00:32:54,625 that would never stop moving. 731 00:32:54,625 --> 00:32:58,750 In 1900 renowned inventor Nicola Tesla got in on the action, 732 00:32:58,750 --> 00:33:00,375 proposing a self-acting device 733 00:33:00,375 --> 00:33:03,542 that would turn thermal energy into mechanical movement. 734 00:33:03,708 --> 00:33:05,583 - For hundreds of years, 735 00:33:05,583 --> 00:33:09,833 the perpetual motion machine has been tested in many forms, 736 00:33:09,833 --> 00:33:13,958 including the overbalanced wheel and closed-cycle watermill. 737 00:33:13,958 --> 00:33:16,583 And yet to date, no one has succeeded, 738 00:33:16,583 --> 00:33:20,958 but could we be looking at a situation where 739 00:33:20,958 --> 00:33:22,625 perpetual motion has been proven? 740 00:33:25,167 --> 00:33:27,708 - What really gets me is that these pinball machines 741 00:33:27,708 --> 00:33:31,500 are designed specifically to avoid ball hangups 742 00:33:31,500 --> 00:33:33,708 that prevent the game from moving forward. 743 00:33:33,708 --> 00:33:35,250 But in this case, 744 00:33:35,250 --> 00:33:38,208 the ball kept going until someone bumped the machine. 745 00:33:38,208 --> 00:33:39,958 So how do you think Alton did it? 746 00:33:39,958 --> 00:33:43,292 Let's see if our experts can engage in some game theory. 747 00:33:44,208 --> 00:33:46,458 (somber pulsing music) 748 00:33:47,167 --> 00:33:49,375 Theoretical physicist Dr. Michio Kaku 749 00:33:49,375 --> 00:33:52,000 analyzes if this could be the first successful, 750 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:54,417 if accidental, perpetual motion machine. 751 00:33:54,417 --> 00:33:58,333 - In a closed system with no energy from the outside, 752 00:33:58,333 --> 00:34:01,042 that would be a perpetual motion machine. 753 00:34:01,042 --> 00:34:04,708 But here, energy comes from the outside. 754 00:34:04,708 --> 00:34:09,083 It is an open system and that energy is from the plug. 755 00:34:09,083 --> 00:34:12,292 You pull the plug and the whole thing shuts down. 756 00:34:13,500 --> 00:34:15,042 - [Tony] The bumper is pushing the ball 757 00:34:15,042 --> 00:34:17,208 because it has an external energy source. 758 00:34:17,208 --> 00:34:18,917 In this case, electricity. 759 00:34:18,917 --> 00:34:22,208 So there's no evidence this pinball is in perpetual motion. 760 00:34:22,208 --> 00:34:24,708 In fact, the closest we've gotten so far 761 00:34:24,708 --> 00:34:27,792 to an actual perpetual motion machine is the Atmos clock, 762 00:34:27,792 --> 00:34:30,833 which is completely powered by atmospheric changes. 763 00:34:30,833 --> 00:34:33,375 But if this hangup would eventually stop on its own, 764 00:34:33,375 --> 00:34:35,583 or at least by pulling the plug, 765 00:34:35,583 --> 00:34:38,958 then how did the ball end up in this strange situation? 766 00:34:38,958 --> 00:34:40,875 - The fact that the pinball came in at 767 00:34:40,875 --> 00:34:42,667 the exact angle that it did 768 00:34:42,667 --> 00:34:45,667 is crucial for this whole thing to work. 769 00:34:45,667 --> 00:34:48,583 In other words, I think it was an accident of engineering. 770 00:34:48,583 --> 00:34:50,375 The engineers who designed this thing 771 00:34:50,375 --> 00:34:52,417 did not realize that there was a sweet spot 772 00:34:52,417 --> 00:34:55,375 where if the ball came in at exactly this angle, 773 00:34:55,375 --> 00:34:57,333 the bumper would then create 774 00:34:57,333 --> 00:35:00,167 this circular motion essentially forever, 775 00:35:00,167 --> 00:35:02,625 as long as energy came in from the outside. 776 00:35:06,083 --> 00:35:08,083 (laughing cheerfully) 777 00:35:12,333 --> 00:35:15,125 - Our verdict? This isn't perpetual motion. 778 00:35:15,542 --> 00:35:18,375 The pinball is accidentally hitting the bumpers 779 00:35:18,375 --> 00:35:21,292 at a particular angle to keep it in play 780 00:35:21,292 --> 00:35:23,375 and a design flaw in the machine 781 00:35:23,375 --> 00:35:28,417 allowed this to happen in the first place. 782 00:35:28,417 --> 00:35:32,167 andseen snow in various forms,ne 783 00:35:32,167 --> 00:35:35,083 flakes, flurries, showers. 784 00:35:35,083 --> 00:35:37,042 But have you ever seen snow in real life 785 00:35:37,042 --> 00:35:38,333 that looks like, well, like this? 786 00:35:38,333 --> 00:35:40,833 Like packing peanuts? 787 00:35:40,833 --> 00:35:41,750 Check this out. 788 00:35:43,083 --> 00:35:46,500 November 2021, we're in Canada again 789 00:35:46,500 --> 00:35:49,667 in the little hamlet of Mirror, Alberta. 790 00:35:49,667 --> 00:35:51,708 Some extreme weather is in the forecast 791 00:35:51,708 --> 00:35:55,750 so Sheryl Martinez, a Philippine native living in Canada, 792 00:35:55,750 --> 00:35:57,208 is getting ready. 793 00:35:57,208 --> 00:36:00,542 As the storm begins, she opens the door to record, 794 00:36:00,542 --> 00:36:03,792 but what she sees isn't anything like what she expected. 795 00:36:03,792 --> 00:36:06,542 Little white pellets are pelting to the ground 796 00:36:06,542 --> 00:36:09,625 like a cascade of vanilla jujubes. 797 00:36:09,625 --> 00:36:10,750 As they build up, 798 00:36:10,750 --> 00:36:13,000 they don't look like your regular snowflakes 799 00:36:13,000 --> 00:36:14,500 or even hailstones. 800 00:36:14,500 --> 00:36:16,042 - It's my first time to see it 801 00:36:16,042 --> 00:36:20,583 and we don't have that in Asia, like a styrofoam rain. 802 00:36:20,583 --> 00:36:23,625 And it's amazing. It's beautiful. 803 00:36:23,625 --> 00:36:26,125 - [Tony] Sheryl says it only lasts a few minutes 804 00:36:26,125 --> 00:36:27,292 and melts right away. 805 00:36:27,292 --> 00:36:28,958 So what's going on? 806 00:36:28,958 --> 00:36:30,708 - It looks like someone actually 807 00:36:30,708 --> 00:36:31,958 just took a shipping box 808 00:36:31,958 --> 00:36:34,083 and dumped all the styrofoam 809 00:36:34,083 --> 00:36:35,792 all over their yard. 810 00:36:35,792 --> 00:36:37,542 It's super strange. 811 00:36:37,542 --> 00:36:41,083 - [Tony] So strange, in fact, that maybe this isn't natural, 812 00:36:41,083 --> 00:36:42,958 but rather manmade snow. 813 00:36:42,958 --> 00:36:45,708 - According to the world meteorological organization, 814 00:36:45,708 --> 00:36:48,542 50 countries around the world practice cloud seeding, 815 00:36:48,542 --> 00:36:50,625 including the United States. 816 00:36:50,625 --> 00:36:52,875 - [Tony] Cloud seeding is a weather manipulation tactic 817 00:36:52,875 --> 00:36:55,250 that involves seeding clouds with particles 818 00:36:55,250 --> 00:36:57,667 that water droplets cluster around 819 00:36:57,667 --> 00:37:00,833 to increase the chances the clouds will produce rain or snow 820 00:37:00,833 --> 00:37:02,458 that falls to the ground. 821 00:37:02,458 --> 00:37:05,708 - In the Beijing Olympics in 2008, the Chinese government 822 00:37:05,708 --> 00:37:07,708 actually claimed to have used cloud seeding 823 00:37:07,708 --> 00:37:10,500 to create rain in the days before the games, 824 00:37:10,500 --> 00:37:12,375 so the weather would actually be clear 825 00:37:12,375 --> 00:37:14,542 during the events themselves. 826 00:37:14,542 --> 00:37:16,417 - [Tony] Another theory posits that 827 00:37:16,417 --> 00:37:19,583 this strange snow comes from alleged chemtrails 828 00:37:19,583 --> 00:37:21,875 sprayed down from the stratosphere. 829 00:37:21,875 --> 00:37:24,708 - The theory goes that the government is using chemtrails 830 00:37:24,708 --> 00:37:26,458 to release all kinds of chemicals 831 00:37:26,458 --> 00:37:29,458 with the goals of decreasing life expectancy, 832 00:37:29,458 --> 00:37:31,792 controlling minds, and controlling the weather. 833 00:37:31,792 --> 00:37:33,500 And that has led some to theorize that 834 00:37:33,500 --> 00:37:35,292 perhaps what we're looking at here are 835 00:37:35,292 --> 00:37:38,292 the remnants of a chemtrail experiment. 836 00:37:38,292 --> 00:37:39,708 - [Tony] Or could it be that 837 00:37:39,708 --> 00:37:43,250 this styrofoam snow is actually styrofoam? 838 00:37:43,250 --> 00:37:44,583 Sounds absurd, right? 839 00:37:44,583 --> 00:37:47,042 Until you learn that it's actually happened. 840 00:37:47,042 --> 00:37:48,583 - In 2015 in New York City, 841 00:37:48,583 --> 00:37:51,292 there was an incident where tiny styrofoam pellets 842 00:37:51,292 --> 00:37:53,708 were blowing all over midtown Manhattan. 843 00:37:53,708 --> 00:37:56,375 They were ending up in people's hair, in their beards, 844 00:37:56,375 --> 00:37:57,833 they were clogging gutters. 845 00:37:57,833 --> 00:38:00,417 According to one theory about that incident, 846 00:38:00,417 --> 00:38:01,875 the styrofoam pellets were coming from 847 00:38:01,875 --> 00:38:03,958 construction on the roof of a hotel. 848 00:38:06,667 --> 00:38:09,375 - Concerned New Yorkers called the mayor's office 849 00:38:09,375 --> 00:38:11,500 and the Department of Environmental Protection 850 00:38:11,500 --> 00:38:14,333 to try to get answers about this suspicious snow. 851 00:38:14,333 --> 00:38:16,542 And while the government never responded, 852 00:38:16,542 --> 00:38:20,250 the nearby Windham New Yorker Hotel denied any involvement. 853 00:38:20,250 --> 00:38:23,958 Back in Canada, we're hoping our experts can clear the air. 854 00:38:24,458 --> 00:38:27,292 (somber pulsing music) 855 00:38:28,292 --> 00:38:29,583 Meteorologist Juan Hernandez 856 00:38:29,583 --> 00:38:32,042 examines if this could be cloud seeding. 857 00:38:32,042 --> 00:38:35,250 - With cloud seeding, we oftentimes see silver iodide 858 00:38:35,250 --> 00:38:36,958 being released into the clouds. 859 00:38:36,958 --> 00:38:40,875 The silver iodide acts as a cloud condensation nucleus 860 00:38:40,875 --> 00:38:44,792 where water droplets attach to the silver iodide, 861 00:38:44,792 --> 00:38:47,542 become heavy and fall to the ground. 862 00:38:47,542 --> 00:38:50,500 It's used to bring rainfall to areas 863 00:38:50,500 --> 00:38:53,125 that don't receive enough rainfall. 864 00:38:53,125 --> 00:38:54,500 In this case, it's cold. 865 00:38:54,500 --> 00:38:56,625 Growing season is unlikely to be ongoing, 866 00:38:56,625 --> 00:38:59,000 therefore we just don't need weather manipulation 867 00:38:59,000 --> 00:39:00,125 in this case. 868 00:39:00,125 --> 00:39:01,583 - [Tony] Hernandez says, 869 00:39:01,583 --> 00:39:03,750 "It's likely not hazardous chemtrail remnants either." 870 00:39:03,750 --> 00:39:06,542 - There is no reason to think that 871 00:39:06,542 --> 00:39:09,083 airplanes are indeed leaving behind chemtrails. 872 00:39:09,083 --> 00:39:12,500 Similar to what you see whenever your car is running outside 873 00:39:12,500 --> 00:39:14,083 and it's cold, 874 00:39:14,083 --> 00:39:16,042 we can see that the same thing is coming out of airplanes. 875 00:39:16,042 --> 00:39:16,958 It's exhaust. 876 00:39:16,958 --> 00:39:18,125 There's water vapor in there 877 00:39:18,125 --> 00:39:19,667 and that's what we see. 878 00:39:19,667 --> 00:39:23,833 Water vapor condensing and there is no residue or no soot 879 00:39:23,833 --> 00:39:27,250 that can be hazardous to any humans 880 00:39:27,250 --> 00:39:29,500 or any living organisms on the ground. 881 00:39:29,500 --> 00:39:31,667 - [Tony] Theoretical physicist Dr. Michio Kaku 882 00:39:31,667 --> 00:39:34,917 explains why these perplexing pellets are not styrofoam. 883 00:39:35,542 --> 00:39:39,583 - Styrofoam is a plastic made out of chemicals like 884 00:39:39,583 --> 00:39:43,042 vinyl benzene and polystyrene. 885 00:39:43,042 --> 00:39:47,000 But it cannot be styrofoam because this object here melts 886 00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:50,083 and therefore we're not seeing plastic 887 00:39:50,083 --> 00:39:51,875 raining down from heaven. 888 00:39:51,875 --> 00:39:54,375 - [Tony] So then what is going on here? 889 00:39:54,375 --> 00:39:56,042 - What we're looking at here is 890 00:39:56,042 --> 00:39:57,750 a type of frozen precipitation. 891 00:39:57,750 --> 00:40:00,167 It's not hail, it's not snow, it's not sleet, 892 00:40:00,417 --> 00:40:02,042 it's graupel. 893 00:40:03,667 --> 00:40:06,542 Graupel forms whenever we have snowflakes 894 00:40:06,542 --> 00:40:08,792 that are coated with water. 895 00:40:08,792 --> 00:40:11,625 That water freezes onto the snowflake, 896 00:40:11,625 --> 00:40:13,458 a process called riming. 897 00:40:13,458 --> 00:40:15,708 If riming is particularly intense, 898 00:40:15,708 --> 00:40:19,292 those precipitation balls or graupel is quite large, 899 00:40:19,292 --> 00:40:20,667 about 2/10 of an inch. 900 00:40:22,083 --> 00:40:25,375 - This riming process fills in the snowflake's star shape 901 00:40:25,375 --> 00:40:28,167 so it becomes a sphere by the time it reaches the ground. 902 00:40:32,458 --> 00:40:34,042 So our verdict? 903 00:40:34,042 --> 00:40:38,042 This is indeed hail's cousin graupel. 904 00:40:38,042 --> 00:40:39,208 It's pretty rare 905 00:40:39,208 --> 00:40:41,708 and it's another quirky phenomenon of science 906 00:40:41,708 --> 00:40:43,958 that makes investigating these videos so much fun. 907 00:40:44,583 --> 00:40:46,000 That's our show for tonight. 908 00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:48,208 If you have any strange videos we should analyze, 909 00:40:48,208 --> 00:40:49,625 please let us know. 910 00:40:49,625 --> 00:40:52,458 And regardless of rain, sleet, or snow, 911 00:40:52,458 --> 00:40:54,667 keep those cameras rolling. 912 00:40:54,667 --> 00:40:58,000 (dramatic upbeat music)