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This film is based on
minutes from a meeting

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which has gone down in history
as the Wannsee Conference.

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The so-called statesmen of the enemy spoke.

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They could allow themselves to be
silent, because their cannons spoke.

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And their soldiers won
victories on a tremendous scale,

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which is unparalleled in history.

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It is a pleasure for us as Berliners
to express our warm gratitude

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to you, my Führer, on behalf
of the entire German people.

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I think I speak for the whole
people when I say, my Führer:

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We stood by your side when they were
silent, in difficult and in happy moments,

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and we will stand with
you through all disasters

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till the proud hour of our victory...

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Berlin, war winter 1942.

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The persecution and murder of Europe's
Jewish population began a long time ago.

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On January 20, the highest
representatives of the SS meet,

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The NSDAP and the ministerial bureaucracy

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at a conference in a
villa at Großer Wannsee.

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The person who invited to this
breakfast meeting is Reinhard Heydrich,

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the head of the National
Security Agency, RSHA.

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On the agenda is "the final
solution to the Jewish question".

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- Hail Hitler. - Good morning.

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- Has Obergruppenführer Heydrich landed?
- No.

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Notify me when he does.  Who is here?

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Dr. Freisler, Secretary of State Neumann
and Herr Luther of the State Department.

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I can't keep them waiting...

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- Where is Obersturmbannführer Eichmann?
- In the meeting room.

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Please go ahead.

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Entertain the gentlemen with
some civilized conversation.

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Tell stories from the East.

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The Secretary of State may find them distasteful.

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You can handle it.

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- Comrade Eichmann.
- Good morning, Gruppenführer.

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- It looks orderly.
- We are almost done.

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Heydrich at the end of the table?

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You to his right, Gruppenführer
Hofmann to his left.

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Then Hofmann will be
happy. And here next to him?

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Ministry of the East:

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Gauleiter Meyer, Dr Leibbrandt and
Dr Bühler from the General Government.

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- We place Meyer a little further away.
- I thought that as a Gauleiter...

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Otherwise he feels too important.  Further.

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Dr Schöngarth and Dr Lange.

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Fine.

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- And the desktop riders opposite?
- Yes.

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And you?

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I will sit down with Fräulein Werlemann, so that
we can resolve matters of protocol directly.

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At the side table, I see.

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- I'm glad you're here.
- Me too, Gruppenführer.

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It's different.

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For my part, we can
hold all conferences here.

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- You don't like Herr Eichmann's office?
- I didn't say that.

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Do something about the work
environment, Eichmann. A trip to the zoo.

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I will investigate the possibilities.

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- Did your trip to Theresienstadt go well?
- Very good. I came home last night.

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- Was everything as expected?
- It's not as crowded as people say.

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- That's what I said.
- The new bunk beds work perfectly.

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The inmates are allowed to huddle together.

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First Mölder's plane crash and
now Field Marshal Reichenau.

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I left the coat at the laundry, and now
we already have the next state funeral.

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- A terrible loss, especially now.
- Yes.

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- Apparently a stroke.
- Deep in the Ukrainian forests.

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- What was he doing in the forest?
- Run.

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- In minus 40 degrees, like every morning.
- You're kidding.

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A Reichenau is not stopped by
freezing temperatures. A tough devil.

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40 degrees below zero, good
god. And our men outside Moscow...

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It is not warmer for the Russians.
Moscow falls on Easter at the latest.

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Right, Dr Schöngarth?

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Of course.

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Excuse me.

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- It was a surprise!
- Dr. Schöngarth?

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- I thought you were in Latvia?
- That's me.

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I am here in place of Dr. Stahlecker.

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- You are climbing in the career.
- Well...

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- I'm not happy with conferences.
- You get used to it.

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- Where do you live?
- Here. My room is up there.

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You should have told
me! This is the wish.

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I only arrived last night.

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- Lots of work at your place?
- Yes.

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You are hardly finished with your Jews until
more arrive. 900 more yesterday, Czech.

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Where do you place them?  The ghetto in Riga?

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Hardly. We take a walk
in the forest, and that's it.

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- Mr. Kritzinger. - Dr. Klopfer.

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I never thought I would make it!

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Be careful what you say.
The Gestapo is watching us.

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As far as I know, we have
nothing on you, Dr. Klopfer.

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It was a relief.

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- Minister Kritzinger...
- Gruppenführer.

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I didn't know your agency
operates a branch out here.

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- A former factory villa.
- Aryanized?

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Not in this case.

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Gentlemen.

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Obergruppenführer
Heydrich has just landed.

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We start at twelve o'clock
as planned. Notify the kitchen.

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Yes, Obersturmbannführer.

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We expect 90 minutes. Prepare
snacks in the saloon when the doors close.

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- Gauleiter. - Gruppenführer.

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Dr. Buhler.

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- Dr. Leibbrandt.
- Gruppenführer.

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Where have you kidnapped us
to, Müller? It looks downright feudal.

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It is a guest house that belongs to RSHA.

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The East Ministry should also
have a guesthouse at Wannsee.

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I agree.

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Are you doing just as well in Kraków, Dr. Bühler?

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The General Government has other
concerns: two million Polish Jews.

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- You can say that again.
- We wait in vain for reinforcements.

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- That is why we are here today.
- Governor-General Frank wants results.

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Gentlemen.

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Gruppenführer Müller.

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Dr. Stuckart. Let me
congratulate you on the addition.

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As well informed as always.

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Why are we honored to be here?
Repainting on Prinz-Albrecht-Straße?

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We wanted to give a little change.

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You want to impress us,
but don't get your hopes up.

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The house has central heating.

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- For God's sake!
- Can you orient me?

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Gauleiter Meyer. You must
know him. Ministry of the East.

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- He hasn't introduced himself.
- It will. He thinks he is important.

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Leibbrandt works for him.
He speaks seven languages.

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And next to him?

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Dr. Buhler. I have to constantly
spar with him in Kraków.

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- The General Government. Civil administration.
- And the other costume elves?

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Doubters in service. Secretary of State and stuff
like that. Göring's office for the four-year plan.

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The Ministry of Justice, the National
Chancellery and the Party Chancellery.

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Luther, he's nice.  Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

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- I hope I don't have to remember them all.
- But you must remember him.

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Stucco art. He will be
interior minister one day.

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- Yes, this will be fun.
- It's like a friends night out.

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In the end, it's about who
wears the hat, albeit without beer.

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That was unfortunate.

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- I was wondering if you would come by bicycle.
- I considered it.

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Do you live here by the lake?

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Two kilometers. A beautiful
house. A wonderful family.

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Who is the young man?

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- A Sturmbannführer if I see correctly.
- In this party?

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- They probably both belong to the rough crew.
- Heydrich's "fighting administration".

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I don't want to know what our
soldiers in the east have to experience.

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- Hail Hitler.
- Gruppenführer Hofmann.

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- A pleasure.
- It is my pleasure. And in the east?

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- Too many Jews, but we are working on it.
- That is why we are here today.

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According to the invitation,
Mr. Heydrich is to draw up an overall plan

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to solve the Jewish question. Do
you know more about the matter?

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He seems serious. Otherwise
he wouldn't have invited us here.

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Göring himself entrusted him with it.

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Yes, Heydrich's path to
Reich Marshal has been short.

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- He is an ambitious man.
- That's what I want to say!

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An incredible career, and
he's not even a graduate.

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- He has success. That is the important thing.
- He is welcome to have that.

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But I dislike poachers in
my area of ​​responsibility.

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Let me introduce Sturmbannführer Lange.

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- And you represent...?
- Brigadeführer Stahlecker.

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I know him.  Welcome.

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Hail Hitler.

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- Welcome to Berlin.
- How are you?

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- Very good thanks. Did the flight go well?
- Yes.

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- Are all the others here?
- Yes, we are full.

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An excellent idea to invite to a second
breakfast. Now at least they are punctual.

156
00:14:05,168 --> 00:14:08,863
- How is the mood?
- Dr. Stuckart is as combative as ever.

157
00:14:08,888 --> 00:14:11,097
Dr. Bühler complains about the
Jews in the General Government.

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As usual, that is.

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00:14:13,578 --> 00:14:17,215
Make sure you are well taken care
of in the kitchen, Hauptsturmführer.

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- Do you have the numbers I asked for?
- They are ready in the study.

161
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I have noted that the accuracy varies.

162
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An impression of correctness is enough.

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- Gauleiter.
- Obergruppenführer.

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Good morning. Sorry I am late.
My departure in Prague was delayed.

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We have a lot to do.
I'll be there in a minute.

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Mr. Luther.  Dr. Lange.

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Excuse me.

168
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Please close the door.

169
00:15:28,358 --> 00:15:33,552
Mr. Luther, surely the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
has its own ideas about the Jewish question?

170
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That's right.

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00:15:34,803 --> 00:15:38,529
I hope they are in line
with what we discussed.

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- I don't want to start from scratch.
- Everything is as we have discussed.

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On the whole, it's about

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that we must have full access
to all Jews of all nationalities,

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provided they are within
our sphere of interest.

176
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The time for international
considerations is over.

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00:15:58,368 --> 00:15:59,410
So true.

178
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The United States and England have taken decisions
against us. The Jews can no longer be used as hostages.

179
00:16:05,679 --> 00:16:09,819
They should have been taken
from us while it was possible.

180
00:16:09,844 --> 00:16:15,752
It fits well with our thoughts.
I like the last paragraph best:

181
00:16:15,784 --> 00:16:20,982
"The measures are carried out in
agreement with the state secret police."

182
00:16:21,561 --> 00:16:27,544
Our collaboration with Herr Eichmann
has been extremely constructive.

183
00:16:27,569 --> 00:16:31,722
Maybe it's because I've
also worked in transport.

184
00:16:31,747 --> 00:16:35,881
I can only imagine the work
that the current measures require.

185
00:16:35,906 --> 00:16:37,968
I am glad to hear.

186
00:16:37,993 --> 00:16:43,198
Our tactics in the Jewish question are too
rapid for the delicate sensibilities abroad.

187
00:16:43,223 --> 00:16:46,312
I like to do a proper job.

188
00:16:46,337 --> 00:16:49,475
- Can you excuse us for a moment?
- Of course.

189
00:16:55,717 --> 00:16:58,626
- Recorder?
- Fräulein Werlemann from Eichmann's office.

190
00:16:58,703 --> 00:17:01,810
- Reliable?
- One hundred percent.

191
00:17:01,982 --> 00:17:05,093
- Day officer?
- Handpicked people.

192
00:17:05,295 --> 00:17:09,253
Dr. Lange, come closer.
You don't have to hide.

193
00:17:09,278 --> 00:17:12,393
I only hear good things from the Baltics.

194
00:17:12,923 --> 00:17:16,761
The commander of Task Force
A, Brigadeführer Stahlecker,

195
00:17:16,787 --> 00:17:20,734
as well as Higher SS and Police Commander
in the East, Obergruppenführer Jeckeln,

196
00:17:20,760 --> 00:17:24,906
has authorized me to inform
you: Estonia is free of Jews.

197
00:17:25,158 --> 00:17:29,736
Lithuania and Latvia, apart from a few
remaining working Jews, are also free.

198
00:17:29,762 --> 00:17:32,894
What can I say?  Good news.

199
00:17:37,885 --> 00:17:39,964
May I?

200
00:17:48,767 --> 00:17:49,928
What is this?

201
00:17:49,953 --> 00:17:53,955
We have prepared a small sketch
with the quotas achieved so far.

202
00:17:54,030 --> 00:17:57,143
Task group A is now at 220,000.

203
00:17:57,249 --> 00:18:00,346
Together with the others, it will be half a million.

204
00:18:00,371 --> 00:18:04,520
- It is making progress.
- You've worked hard on this one!

205
00:18:04,545 --> 00:18:08,374
The drawings were made by a comrade.
We have someone who can do that.

206
00:18:08,605 --> 00:18:11,201
Only 42,000 in Belarus?

207
00:18:11,387 --> 00:18:15,542
Unfortunately. It is a large area, and
there is a lack of vehicles and gasoline.

208
00:18:15,680 --> 00:18:19,122
And the ground is
frozen. We can't dig holes.

209
00:18:19,147 --> 00:18:22,247
Arquebusing is still possible,
but disposal has stalled.

210
00:18:22,272 --> 00:18:26,015
- How do you remedy that?
- Stacks, until it thaws again.

211
00:18:26,089 --> 00:18:29,193
We will soon get rid of those kinds of bottlenecks.

212
00:18:29,299 --> 00:18:32,419
The promised gas wagons
are soon on their way to you too.

213
00:18:33,299 --> 00:18:37,464
- Have the loading problems been solved?
- Problem?

214
00:18:38,953 --> 00:18:44,156
A comrade from Kulmhof told me. The
Jews do not voluntarily go on the wagons.

215
00:18:44,181 --> 00:18:51,437
- It often gets restless in the hold.
- Yes, it takes a little fingertip feeling.

216
00:18:51,462 --> 00:18:56,661
Afterwards they have to go out again. The comrade
says that it is more disgusting than the arquebusing.

217
00:18:56,686 --> 00:18:58,738
It is still more efficient,

218
00:18:58,763 --> 00:19:02,917
especially with a full load of
nine to ten units per square meter.

219
00:19:02,942 --> 00:19:06,050
The wagons are still only a transitional solution.

220
00:19:06,075 --> 00:19:10,216
Later you will learn more about
the scope of our current plans.

221
00:19:10,241 --> 00:19:12,305
I'm looking forward to it.

222
00:19:12,559 --> 00:19:14,644
Eichmann.

223
00:19:20,351 --> 00:19:22,727
The transport yesterday from Theresienstadt?

224
00:19:22,752 --> 00:19:26,896
Completed last night. I
almost missed my flight.

225
00:19:26,921 --> 00:19:30,191
- Thank you, Sturmbannführer.
- An order is an order.

226
00:19:30,371 --> 00:19:36,628
You and your comrades are doing a duty to
people and fatherland that few are capable of.

227
00:19:36,972 --> 00:19:40,125
The future will honor
the heroism of your men.

228
00:19:41,511 --> 00:19:45,670
- If I can, I'll say hello to them.
- Do so.

229
00:19:45,793 --> 00:19:50,976
Some of the gentlemen you will meet
are not made of the same wood as us.

230
00:19:51,184 --> 00:19:55,053
We have inherited remnants of the
previous administration and government.

231
00:19:55,078 --> 00:19:58,217
The ones Herr Müller calls
them "Christmas Santas".

232
00:19:58,825 --> 00:20:02,351
Dr. Schöngarth has
warned me. I will be discreet.

233
00:20:02,376 --> 00:20:07,925
It's not necessary. They should be told what
they are participating in. That closes the ranks.

234
00:20:08,152 --> 00:20:10,531
I understand.  A question of dosage.

235
00:20:10,557 --> 00:20:13,689
Right.  A question of dosage.

236
00:20:37,128 --> 00:20:40,935
But shouldn't my place be here?

237
00:20:40,960 --> 00:20:44,099
- Here, Gauleiter.
- Would you be so kind?

238
00:20:57,402 --> 00:21:01,724
- Here we are again talking about the Jews.
- It looks like that.

239
00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:03,836
An extremely unpleasant topic.

240
00:21:09,117 --> 00:21:11,206
Thanks.

241
00:21:14,333 --> 00:21:19,141
- Dr. Stuckart.
- Undersecretary of State Luther.

242
00:21:19,385 --> 00:21:22,008
Did your audience end well?

243
00:21:22,125 --> 00:21:26,297
You should not be jealous. I heard
that you yourself were a guest in Prague.

244
00:21:26,664 --> 00:21:32,922
I represented the interests of
the Home Office, not the RSHA.

245
00:21:36,258 --> 00:21:39,366
- Water? - Thank you, please.

246
00:21:59,483 --> 00:22:04,674
Herr Gauleiter, Secretary of
State, Comrades of the SS.

247
00:22:04,699 --> 00:22:08,563
I am pleased that you accepted
my invitation at such short notice.

248
00:22:08,589 --> 00:22:12,527
We preferred it to a dusty office,

249
00:22:12,586 --> 00:22:16,743
so that we are not disturbed by
telephones and the running of the advisers.

250
00:22:17,210 --> 00:22:24,486
And if your agencies would like to enjoy
the convenience here, one night costs…

251
00:22:24,511 --> 00:22:27,616
Eichmann, help me.

252
00:22:27,641 --> 00:22:30,266
Five reiksmark per night and person.

253
00:22:30,292 --> 00:22:33,143
- What an offer!
- So that's why we're here.

254
00:22:33,169 --> 00:22:37,319
RSHA is looking for new sources of funding.

255
00:22:37,345 --> 00:22:40,459
Anything helps, Mister
Gauleiter. Joking aside.

256
00:22:41,190 --> 00:22:46,372
Regarding the reason for our gathering,
I would like to draw your attention

257
00:22:46,397 --> 00:22:50,551
to the letter from Reich Marshal
Göring which is attached to my invitation.

258
00:22:50,576 --> 00:22:54,486
There, the Reich Marshal tasks me to:

259
00:22:54,512 --> 00:23:00,311
"Make preparations in organizational,
factual and material terms

260
00:23:00,562 --> 00:23:03,674
for a comprehensive solution
to Europe's Jewish question."

261
00:23:03,797 --> 00:23:08,197
I am instructed to involve all
concerned central authorities

262
00:23:08,303 --> 00:23:14,184
to produce an overall draft.
So that's you, gentlemen.

263
00:23:14,210 --> 00:23:19,440
- That is why we are here today.
- Add a copy to the minutes.

264
00:23:20,163 --> 00:23:23,269
- May I ask...
- Already, Dr. Freisler?

265
00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:25,504
Just a trifle.

266
00:23:25,654 --> 00:23:31,920
The assignment is dated to July last
year. Why is it only happening now?

267
00:23:33,578 --> 00:23:37,717
As you know, for a few months I have been
dividing my time between Berlin and Prague.

268
00:23:37,743 --> 00:23:42,060
My duties as Deputy National
Protector occupy much of my time.

269
00:23:42,352 --> 00:23:44,423
The Czechs offer stubborn resistance.

270
00:23:44,799 --> 00:23:49,823
It was expected.  The slaves are recalcitrant.

271
00:23:50,001 --> 00:23:55,203
A meeting in December was made
impossible by the military developments:

272
00:23:55,228 --> 00:23:57,619
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,

273
00:23:57,803 --> 00:24:04,078
The Führer's declaration of war against the United
States and the Russian counter-offensive in the East.

274
00:24:04,144 --> 00:24:08,297
After all, the Russians have
decided to offer resistance.

275
00:24:08,494 --> 00:24:10,829
It won't help him.

276
00:24:10,854 --> 00:24:15,008
I have been asked to present
an overall draft regarding,

277
00:24:15,033 --> 00:24:18,139
and I quote the Reich Marshal again:

278
00:24:18,164 --> 00:24:23,385
"The Implementation of the Final
Solution to the Jewish Question."

279
00:24:24,729 --> 00:24:27,825
The overall solution to the Jewish question is just that:

280
00:24:27,887 --> 00:24:29,965
The final solution to the Jewish question.

281
00:24:30,683 --> 00:24:35,620
Our preparations have thus
been extensive and complicated,

282
00:24:35,646 --> 00:24:38,998
which has caused some delays.

283
00:24:39,023 --> 00:24:44,212
- Thanks for the information. I understand.
- Have I understood the matter correctly?

284
00:24:44,237 --> 00:24:47,623
So we are no longer just
talking about the national Jews?

285
00:24:47,649 --> 00:24:52,088
- Do the new plans apply to all of Europe?
- That's right.

286
00:24:52,427 --> 00:24:56,579
The Jewish question can only be considered
solved after a total biological cleansing

287
00:24:56,605 --> 00:24:59,704
of all Jewry up to the Ural Mountains.

288
00:24:59,875 --> 00:25:06,122
That is the goal, the task
that fate has set before us.

289
00:25:07,006 --> 00:25:09,092
All over Europe...

290
00:25:10,302 --> 00:25:13,437
It's a whole new perspective.

291
00:25:14,156 --> 00:25:18,313
The goal has been around for a long time. The
new thing is that we are now dealing with it.

292
00:25:18,394 --> 00:25:23,587
It is not unexpected. I was at the
Führer's house a few weeks ago.

293
00:25:23,613 --> 00:25:28,273
Then he said clearly that he
wanted the Jewish question resolved.

294
00:25:28,519 --> 00:25:30,905
As he predicted in the Riksdag:

295
00:25:31,154 --> 00:25:36,336
"If international Jewry once again
plunges the people into a world war,

296
00:25:36,361 --> 00:25:39,478
then the result will not be a
Bolshevization of the world,

297
00:25:39,503 --> 00:25:43,206
without an annihilation of
the Jewish race in Europe."

298
00:25:43,424 --> 00:25:49,650
This is the falsification of prophecy.
The Jews want war and will have it.

299
00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:53,714
The destiny of Judaism is
fulfilled, which is hard but deserved.

300
00:25:53,788 --> 00:25:57,950
Pity or remorse is thus
completely inappropriate.

301
00:25:58,618 --> 00:26:03,458
We don't need any presentations. Most
people here are familiar with each other.

302
00:26:03,483 --> 00:26:06,609
Except our Sturmbannführer here.

303
00:26:09,998 --> 00:26:11,041
Dr. Stuckart?

304
00:26:11,068 --> 00:26:17,323
I just wanted to point out that I
am not personally familiar with him.

305
00:26:19,304 --> 00:26:24,522
- Dr. Lange, would you be so kind?
- Sturmbannführer, Dr. Rudolf Lange.

306
00:26:24,548 --> 00:26:28,371
Head of the security police
and intelligence service in Latvia.

307
00:26:28,595 --> 00:26:32,200
I represent Dr. Stahlecker,
who sends greetings to all of you.

308
00:26:32,438 --> 00:26:34,502
Then it was settled.

309
00:26:34,634 --> 00:26:38,793
- Isn't Latvia our territory?
- That's right.

310
00:26:38,940 --> 00:26:42,040
Our operational area is in
the Rikskommissariat Ostland.

311
00:26:42,227 --> 00:26:46,105
- And yet we haven't met?
- We haven't been given the opportunity.

312
00:26:46,131 --> 00:26:51,139
Then it's time. We want to know
who moves in our area of ​​responsibility.

313
00:26:51,234 --> 00:26:53,299
I will arrange it as soon as possible.

314
00:26:53,528 --> 00:26:56,149
This might interest the gentlemen:

315
00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:00,996
Thanks to the combined efforts of the
Ministry of the East and the task forces

316
00:27:01,516 --> 00:27:05,135
can Estonia be considered Jew-free.

317
00:27:09,058 --> 00:27:11,132
Dr. Lange has already notified me.

318
00:27:11,181 --> 00:27:16,371
You will soon be able to read a report
on the situation for the task forces.

319
00:27:16,698 --> 00:27:20,860
You are welcome to take a look at it later.

320
00:27:22,407 --> 00:27:26,589
- If I may ask a question...
- Is it a short question?

321
00:27:27,153 --> 00:27:31,312
- It applies to Dr. Lange's area of ​​responsibility.
- You are welcome.

322
00:27:31,463 --> 00:27:34,035
As you write in your invitation have

323
00:27:34,076 --> 00:27:37,698
Jewish transport
increased in recent months,

324
00:27:37,724 --> 00:27:41,881
both from the kingdom and from the protectorate,
this according to your report IV B4

325
00:27:41,907 --> 00:27:45,831
and your Jewish expert
Obersturmbannführer Eichmann.

326
00:27:45,858 --> 00:27:46,949
That's right.

327
00:27:46,975 --> 00:27:52,171
There appear to have been
irregularities during these transports.

328
00:27:52,806 --> 00:27:59,909
The Rikskansliet holds documents
from November, from Riga.

329
00:28:00,064 --> 00:28:01,956
Can you get to the point?

330
00:28:02,883 --> 00:28:06,637
At efforts in the Rigattot

331
00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:10,513
to prepare a certain relief,

332
00:28:10,538 --> 00:28:17,798
a transport of Jews from Berlin was
included in an ongoing special treatment.

333
00:28:17,823 --> 00:28:19,037
We know that.  What else?

334
00:28:19,063 --> 00:28:22,057
The incident has also been
discussed at the Ministry of the Interior,

335
00:28:22,091 --> 00:28:25,274
with a certain inability to understand.

336
00:28:25,479 --> 00:28:30,885
I beg you. Judaism has
forced this war on us.

337
00:28:31,162 --> 00:28:36,358
One must recognize the world-historical
necessity of fighting back.

338
00:28:36,741 --> 00:28:44,022
One cannot anxiously ask whether
individual Jews bear personal guilt.

339
00:28:45,437 --> 00:28:50,846
You see, gentlemen... We
are warm and cozy here.

340
00:28:50,921 --> 00:28:53,892
But in the East it is often less orderly.

341
00:28:53,984 --> 00:28:58,032
It is not possible to get an up-to-date order
from Berlin for each individual decision.

342
00:28:58,260 --> 00:29:01,331
I know.  I was a soldier in World War.

343
00:29:01,357 --> 00:29:08,623
Then you know that our units are
sometimes forced to improvise at the front.

344
00:29:08,722 --> 00:29:12,879
Here we are talking about a
thousand people, from Berlin.

345
00:29:13,092 --> 00:29:18,737
What would we do? We couldn't throw them out
into the snow and let them freeze to death.

346
00:29:18,763 --> 00:29:22,175
I have great confidence in
the judgment of your men.

347
00:29:22,249 --> 00:29:25,132
They solve things in the spirit of the Führer.

348
00:29:25,158 --> 00:29:27,220
Let's be honest:

349
00:29:27,480 --> 00:29:30,916
What was forbidden in November
is allowed in December, so please.

350
00:29:30,942 --> 00:29:36,007
The Germans don't care if
Ukrainian or Latvian Jews die.

351
00:29:36,115 --> 00:29:41,851
But each of these thousand Reich Jews has
relatives, acquaintances and friends in Berlin.

352
00:29:41,877 --> 00:29:44,976
It leads to irritation and questions.

353
00:29:45,002 --> 00:29:49,801
And the Rikskansliet cannot
always provide correct information.

354
00:29:50,053 --> 00:29:53,399
We also feel that way at the Ministry of Justice.

355
00:29:53,481 --> 00:29:57,472
The rumors have also led to
suicides among German Jews,

356
00:29:57,534 --> 00:30:01,673
which leads to great
concern among the population.

357
00:30:01,902 --> 00:30:05,552
I am not worried about Jewish suicides.

358
00:30:05,579 --> 00:30:09,724
It has happened that
non-Jews have been deported,

359
00:30:09,750 --> 00:30:14,399
or Jews who fought on Germany's side
in the World War, some highly decorated.

360
00:30:14,425 --> 00:30:18,571
The Gestapo in particular doesn't
seem to be following their own guidelines.

361
00:30:18,643 --> 00:30:21,751
Regrettable initial mishaps.

362
00:30:21,997 --> 00:30:27,175
That is precisely why we have gathered
here today, to hear all your concerns.

363
00:30:27,200 --> 00:30:32,402
Reichsmarschalk Göring, who I
speak for here, recently criticized

364
00:30:32,427 --> 00:30:37,068
that Jewish skilled workers are transported
from factories important for rearmament.

365
00:30:37,183 --> 00:30:43,501
It cannot, especially at this critical
stage of the war, be in our interest.

366
00:30:43,527 --> 00:30:49,103
I understand. The Marshal criticizes
one aspect of what he otherwise welcomes.

367
00:30:49,316 --> 00:30:53,263
- Regarding the current transports...
- Dr. Bühler, can it wait?

368
00:30:53,289 --> 00:30:57,421
The Führer promised Governor
General Frank several months ago

369
00:30:57,447 --> 00:31:01,124
that the General Government would
be Jew-free in the foreseeable future.

370
00:31:01,193 --> 00:31:06,382
- But our ghettos are still full of explosives.
- Show me someone who is better off.

371
00:31:06,408 --> 00:31:10,342
We also run the risk of not
being able to feed all the Jews.

372
00:31:10,368 --> 00:31:15,971
One wonders if the most humane
thing would not be for non-working Jews

373
00:31:16,051 --> 00:31:18,824
eliminated with a fast-acting agent.

374
00:31:18,850 --> 00:31:21,939
It's more pleasant than starving to death.

375
00:31:21,940 --> 00:31:25,051
Financially speaking, absolutely right.  It is war.

376
00:31:25,076 --> 00:31:29,223
Why waste precious
resources on the Jews?

377
00:31:29,248 --> 00:31:33,399
We in the General Government are certainly
capable of solving the problem ourselves.

378
00:31:33,424 --> 00:31:40,692
We have already taken steps in the
direction of Mr. Brack's euthanasia actions.

379
00:31:40,717 --> 00:31:44,645
There are procedures,
although not completely harmless.

380
00:31:44,671 --> 00:31:47,996
That's why you should let us handle it.

381
00:31:48,550 --> 00:31:50,616
We are already working with Mr. Brack.

382
00:31:50,774 --> 00:31:54,924
His people provide
knowledge and equipment.

383
00:31:54,950 --> 00:31:58,056
In the Litzmannstadt ghetto, it has
already provided noticeable relief.

384
00:31:58,081 --> 00:32:04,306
We hope to hear more about these measures
today. At least that's what we were promised.

385
00:32:04,331 --> 00:32:07,466
I realize that we live in turbulent times.

386
00:32:08,082 --> 00:32:12,708
In recent months, we have begun
tremendous development on many levels,

387
00:32:12,830 --> 00:32:17,454
and sometimes progress is
faster than we have anticipated,

388
00:32:17,479 --> 00:32:21,626
not least because areas of
responsibility often overlap.

389
00:32:21,651 --> 00:32:25,797
Welcome to Berlin, where everyone seems to
think they are responsible for everything.

390
00:32:25,822 --> 00:32:30,674
That is the German thoroughness.
We should consider it a virtue.

391
00:32:30,700 --> 00:32:34,882
Sure, but so that our virtue
doesn't become an obstacle

392
00:32:34,908 --> 00:32:39,061
a faster decision-making process is required.

393
00:32:39,086 --> 00:32:43,273
We have to make sure we
follow parallel lines, so to speak.

394
00:32:45,480 --> 00:32:50,673
I state, also with regard to
Reich Marshal Göring's letter,

395
00:32:50,699 --> 00:32:54,881
that from now on lies the leadership of
the final solution of the Jewish question,

396
00:32:55,419 --> 00:33:01,690
regardless of geographical boundaries,
with Reichsführer-SS, Heinrich Himmler

397
00:33:01,716 --> 00:33:05,869
and with his authorization the
head of the National Security Board,

398
00:33:05,895 --> 00:33:10,061
that is, my little person.

399
00:33:24,923 --> 00:33:31,823
So can I inform the Minister of the Interior that
the RSHA is now making the Jewish laws themselves?

400
00:33:31,849 --> 00:33:35,364
- It would be easier.
- Don't worry, Dr. Stuckart.

401
00:33:35,389 --> 00:33:41,629
- You will participate in the decision-making process.
- Or be informed about decisions already made?

402
00:33:41,654 --> 00:33:46,518
Don't you want to listen to our
Obergruppenführer's plans first?

403
00:33:46,544 --> 00:33:48,930
before you feel excluded?

404
00:33:49,394 --> 00:33:51,455
What I feel does not belong here.

405
00:33:51,773 --> 00:33:55,928
I am asking based on a responsibility
for my ministry's areas of competence.

406
00:33:56,258 --> 00:34:02,491
I'm surprised I'm the only
one. You then, Mr. Luther?

407
00:34:02,799 --> 00:34:05,900
- Or the gentlemen from the Ministry of the East.
- How so?

408
00:34:05,926 --> 00:34:11,103
You have complained that Berlin interferes in
your Jewish affairs, and now you are silent.

409
00:34:11,129 --> 00:34:18,118
- Right now you are getting involved in our Jewish affairs.
- Dr. Bühler, do you see the same in Kraków?

410
00:34:18,143 --> 00:34:22,304
If the final solution means
that we finally get rid of our Jews

411
00:34:22,871 --> 00:34:27,515
am I ready to follow our
Obergruppenführer's lead.

412
00:34:28,208 --> 00:34:33,778
And that's exactly how it should be. We
will solve your Jewish problems for you!

413
00:34:34,608 --> 00:34:40,013
After today, you will all agree that only
the National Security Supervisory Board

414
00:34:40,038 --> 00:34:45,230
is capable of solving the Jewish question,
organizationally as well as practically.

415
00:34:45,255 --> 00:34:51,492
We have the resources, methods,
organization and experience required

416
00:34:51,856 --> 00:34:54,610
and people with enough determination.

417
00:34:54,635 --> 00:34:59,840
If you do not agree after today,
I will gladly hand over the task.

418
00:35:00,370 --> 00:35:04,538
It's not that we don't
have enough work.

419
00:35:06,112 --> 00:35:10,277
- So if you let me continue...
- Of course.

420
00:35:11,323 --> 00:35:16,524
A brief retrospective: Since 1933, we
have waged a battle against Judaism

421
00:35:16,549 --> 00:35:20,700
and succeeded in repressing
the Jews from German society.

422
00:35:21,201 --> 00:35:24,865
The Jewish race is recognized as
foreign to the body of the German people,

423
00:35:25,289 --> 00:35:30,083
thanks, among other things, to the actions of
the Central Agency for Race and Settlement.

424
00:35:30,793 --> 00:35:35,300
The Jewish laws have made the harmful
influence of the Jews on our community

425
00:35:35,325 --> 00:35:38,413
practically impossible.

426
00:35:38,438 --> 00:35:44,159
With legislation such as
Dr. Stuckart's Nuremberg Laws...

427
00:35:44,185 --> 00:35:46,250
I was just a co-author.

428
00:35:46,276 --> 00:35:51,973
With the goal of clearing the Jews
out of German social life by legal means

429
00:35:52,257 --> 00:35:55,635
we have had a large
number of Jews emigrate.

430
00:35:56,107 --> 00:36:02,698
- Obersturmbannführer.
- So far it is around 537,000.

431
00:36:02,724 --> 00:36:08,652
Not least thanks to Obersturmbannführer
Eichmann's organizational efforts.

432
00:36:08,677 --> 00:36:12,824
My agency is also only part of
Gruppenführer Müller's Gestapo department.

433
00:36:12,849 --> 00:36:14,915
It was nothing.

434
00:36:14,940 --> 00:36:19,090
In principle, the acceleration of the
Jewish exodus was not a bad idea.

435
00:36:19,489 --> 00:36:23,255
Let them exert their
harmful influence elsewhere.

436
00:36:23,485 --> 00:36:26,393
But emigration is
no longer an option.

437
00:36:26,418 --> 00:36:29,511
They don't want them abroad either.

438
00:36:29,536 --> 00:36:33,675
And we must not increase the
enemy's forces in time of war.

439
00:36:33,700 --> 00:36:38,902
What happened to the idea of ​​sending them
to Madagascar? Then the world had let them go.

440
00:36:38,927 --> 00:36:43,879
Shelved, as long as England
has dominion over the seas.

441
00:36:43,905 --> 00:36:48,281
- The same applies to the marshlands of Siberia.
- At least as long as the Russians stand in the way.

442
00:36:49,037 --> 00:36:55,274
Therefore, Reichsführer-SS and Chief of the
German Police, Heinrich Himmler, forbade

443
00:36:55,300 --> 00:36:58,697
the exodus of Jews in October.

444
00:36:58,722 --> 00:37:03,927
And now we turn our attention to what I like
to call "the opportunities in the East".

445
00:37:03,952 --> 00:37:09,126
In the east, thanks to the
work of our task forces, we have

446
00:37:09,152 --> 00:37:12,690
about half a million Jews who
have received special treatment.

447
00:37:12,716 --> 00:37:19,554
We have gained experience that
will be important for the final solution.

448
00:37:19,579 --> 00:37:24,771
So instead of emigration, another
possible solution has emerged.

449
00:37:24,796 --> 00:37:29,844
Let us call it the evacuation
of the Jews to the East,

450
00:37:29,870 --> 00:37:35,075
to bring them to the final solution
with the methods of the East.

451
00:37:36,038 --> 00:37:38,320
- Sorry, Obergruppenführer.
- Dr. Lange?

452
00:37:38,345 --> 00:37:40,423
- So we're going to accept more Jews?
- No.

453
00:37:40,855 --> 00:37:45,032
You deal with the Eastern Jews who
are added when the front is moved forward.

454
00:37:45,610 --> 00:37:50,805
The major measures that are planned
go through the Higher SS and Police Chief.

455
00:37:51,205 --> 00:37:54,320
And how big are the big measures?

456
00:37:54,526 --> 00:37:59,744
The spaces of the final solution
will also relieve the task forces.

457
00:38:00,005 --> 00:38:03,356
"Evacuation to the Premises
of the Final Solution",

458
00:38:03,381 --> 00:38:09,633
Does that mean special
treatment for all European Jews?

459
00:38:11,237 --> 00:38:16,428
Listen now, but then forget it
immediately. That's exactly right.

460
00:38:16,454 --> 00:38:20,889
May I ask where these
spaces are located?

461
00:38:20,916 --> 00:38:27,343
- Not with us. That was not the case.
- With us, in the General Government.

462
00:38:27,562 --> 00:38:29,622
At least I assume so.

463
00:38:29,876 --> 00:38:34,031
It is built in the area around Lublin
under Brigadeführer Globocnik.

464
00:38:34,454 --> 00:38:39,054
Thus we get rid of some of the Jews who
have gathered in the General Government,

465
00:38:39,342 --> 00:38:41,928
around Bełżec and Sobibór.

466
00:38:41,953 --> 00:38:45,074
The capacity is also to be
expanded in eastern Upper Silesia,

467
00:38:45,685 --> 00:38:48,785
near the village of
Auschwitz. More on that later.

468
00:38:49,077 --> 00:38:54,441
Dr. Bühler, didn't the Governor-General
desperately want to get rid of the Jews?

469
00:38:54,757 --> 00:38:59,651
- And now he gets more?
- Why do our Jews interest you right now?

470
00:38:59,677 --> 00:39:04,799
- You receive the news with great calmness.
- The Obergruppenführer has explained:

471
00:39:04,825 --> 00:39:10,086
We don't have to deal with the Jews
in the final solution. They don't stop.

472
00:39:10,111 --> 00:39:16,903
It's real. Do not worry. You
will practically not notice it.

473
00:39:16,929 --> 00:39:20,505
But you spoke of all the Jews of Europe.

474
00:39:20,531 --> 00:39:23,677
- A good knitting line.
- Obersturmbannführer...

475
00:39:39,931 --> 00:39:44,762
The map shows the current political
and military situation in Europe.

476
00:39:45,373 --> 00:39:48,915
Here in the east, the current front line.

477
00:39:48,941 --> 00:39:52,089
The red is the kingdom's
territory at the outbreak of war.

478
00:39:52,454 --> 00:39:54,937
The pink are incorporated areas:

479
00:39:54,962 --> 00:39:59,103
Formerly Western Poland,
the Czech Republic and Austria.

480
00:39:59,983 --> 00:40:04,451
Further east in white, the eastern
territories under German civil administration:

481
00:40:04,477 --> 00:40:07,431
Ostland, Ukraine and the General Government.

482
00:40:07,456 --> 00:40:11,607
Vertically dashed in red are territories
that we have occupied militarily:

483
00:40:11,632 --> 00:40:15,671
Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium,

484
00:40:15,817 --> 00:40:20,190
northern France, Serbia and Greece.

485
00:40:20,216 --> 00:40:24,880
And dashed horizontally, countries
that are allies or where we have influence:

486
00:40:25,343 --> 00:40:29,497
Italy, the Vichy regime, Hungary, Romania,

487
00:40:29,523 --> 00:40:33,654
Bulgaria, Albania,
Croatia and Slovakia.

488
00:40:33,681 --> 00:40:37,865
- We practically have Europe in our hands.
- And we have only just begun.

489
00:40:38,953 --> 00:40:41,842
- And the black dots are...
- Jews.

490
00:40:41,868 --> 00:40:46,323
The density seems to indicate the
concentration of the Jewish population.

491
00:40:46,349 --> 00:40:47,392
That's right.

492
00:40:47,689 --> 00:40:51,838
The further east we look, the more
compact the Jewish resistance becomes,

493
00:40:52,322 --> 00:40:55,879
above all in former Poland and
areas that belonged to the Soviet Union.

494
00:40:56,218 --> 00:40:59,890
After all, they have been
spreading there for centuries.

495
00:40:59,916 --> 00:41:05,108
Behind the front lines in the fog of war, we
have already reduced concentration significantly.

496
00:41:05,134 --> 00:41:10,005
- But there is still much to do.
- The task appears to be too ambitious.

497
00:41:10,364 --> 00:41:15,212
I consider myself an expert in
the field, but I cannot overview

498
00:41:15,237 --> 00:41:18,355
how many Jews are we talking about.

499
00:41:19,063 --> 00:41:22,179
We are talking about eleven million.

500
00:41:25,224 --> 00:41:30,439
This list shows how Judaism is
distributed between individual countries.

501
00:41:31,494 --> 00:41:35,980
Within the Reich we
still have 130,000 Jews.

502
00:41:36,006 --> 00:41:39,111
Numerically manageable,
but politically complicated.

503
00:41:39,527 --> 00:41:43,213
The largest items: the General
Government with 2.3 million.

504
00:41:43,239 --> 00:41:46,345
The Soviet Union has the most, around five million.

505
00:41:46,371 --> 00:41:51,563
In the Balkans, I quickly
count around 1.6 million,

506
00:41:51,735 --> 00:41:54,630
and almost a million more throughout France.

507
00:41:54,858 --> 00:41:56,937
The numbers are higher than expected.

508
00:41:57,116 --> 00:42:01,400
Non-occupied countries such as England
and Switzerland are also listed here.

509
00:42:01,426 --> 00:42:08,014
Of course. The figures already
paint the coming new order of Europe.

510
00:42:08,240 --> 00:42:13,436
Very good. We must
look beyond the horizon.

511
00:42:14,030 --> 00:42:18,179
- And where do the numbers come from?
- From our archives.

512
00:42:18,205 --> 00:42:20,623
And from representatives of
the Jews in Vienna and Berlin.

513
00:42:20,747 --> 00:42:22,995
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has also contributed.

514
00:42:23,123 --> 00:42:26,267
- Are the numbers reliable?
- They should roughly match.

515
00:42:27,124 --> 00:42:31,836
- These are incredible numbers.
- May I quickly put it into perspective?

516
00:42:31,862 --> 00:42:34,980
Gladly.  Keep it short, please.

517
00:42:37,969 --> 00:42:43,155
We have to consider the
numbers in a larger context.

518
00:42:43,181 --> 00:42:47,334
The final solution to the Jewish
question is only one of the building blocks

519
00:42:47,360 --> 00:42:50,116
in the planned reorganization of Europe.

520
00:42:50,783 --> 00:42:57,414
In the longer term, we are talking about the removal
of all lower races in our sphere of interest.

521
00:42:58,170 --> 00:43:02,321
The movement of people in the
eastern territories must give way

522
00:43:02,347 --> 00:43:08,929
for the Germanization of the conquered living
space in the East through German colonization.

523
00:43:09,642 --> 00:43:15,145
In the end, we are talking about a Europe
characterized by our Germanic culture,

524
00:43:15,701 --> 00:43:21,387
in which non-Germanic peoples
are at most tolerated as labor slaves.

525
00:43:21,412 --> 00:43:25,566
Reading and writing at primary school
level. Counting up to one hundred.

526
00:43:26,014 --> 00:43:28,775
We don't need them anymore.

527
00:43:29,748 --> 00:43:32,059
Europe's new order and racial elevation

528
00:43:32,085 --> 00:43:35,200
requiring the repopulation
of hundreds of millions.

529
00:43:35,509 --> 00:43:42,793
In comparison, a final solution for eleven
million Jews is downright negligible.

530
00:43:47,472 --> 00:43:51,886
How are you going to control all
these Jews? How will that happen?

531
00:43:51,912 --> 00:43:53,978
I wonder that too.

532
00:43:54,004 --> 00:43:59,176
The transports have just started, and
already we have delays and obstacles.

533
00:43:59,202 --> 00:44:04,137
What will it look like when
eleven million get moving.

534
00:44:04,162 --> 00:44:09,767
They do not move. They
are set in motion by us.

535
00:44:10,719 --> 00:44:12,791
I don't want to trivialize it:

536
00:44:12,817 --> 00:44:18,046
We are facing an organizational task
that is unprecedented in world history.

537
00:44:18,706 --> 00:44:20,774
It will proceed as follows:

538
00:44:20,849 --> 00:44:25,008
We plan to comb
Europe from west to east.

539
00:44:25,364 --> 00:44:29,492
The evacuated Jews are first
taken to so-called transit ghettos,

540
00:44:29,518 --> 00:44:33,284
and then transported eastward train by train.

541
00:44:33,310 --> 00:44:37,618
- So from west to east?
- It's true.

542
00:44:37,644 --> 00:44:42,196
I have to hope that the General
Government leads the way.

543
00:44:42,222 --> 00:44:48,980
When the facilities are in place,
shall we first work by our Jews?

544
00:44:49,493 --> 00:44:52,119
- We shall see.
- You must excuse...

545
00:44:52,735 --> 00:44:58,715
We cannot be expected to stand and
watch as trains are full of French Jews

546
00:44:58,741 --> 00:45:02,862
rolling into our territory while our
own country is being choked by Jews.

547
00:45:02,888 --> 00:45:05,892
Do you think it is different with us?

548
00:45:05,918 --> 00:45:08,802
The territory of the German
Reich naturally comes first,

549
00:45:09,381 --> 00:45:13,209
not least because of the housing
shortage after the bombings.

550
00:45:13,235 --> 00:45:19,463
Bohemia-Moravia also takes precedence,
and not because it's my home ground.

551
00:45:19,489 --> 00:45:23,168
Too many Czechs still
think they can get rid of us.

552
00:45:23,194 --> 00:45:27,689
The Jewish-controlled backbone of
the resistance must be quickly broken.

553
00:45:27,930 --> 00:45:32,764
- It is about military necessity.
- I understand them, but still:

554
00:45:32,790 --> 00:45:36,940
A plan with no reduction of our Jews
at the beginning of the Final Solution,

555
00:45:36,965 --> 00:45:41,599
and for the record, will not be favorably
received by the Governor-General.

556
00:45:41,625 --> 00:45:47,370
It wasn't said that way. We were promised
relief in our ghettos at the beginning.

557
00:45:47,847 --> 00:45:50,508
We'll see.

558
00:45:51,210 --> 00:45:55,706
If we cannot agree on the order,

559
00:45:55,731 --> 00:45:59,903
then I take the liberty of asking
for a decision from the Führer.

560
00:46:01,580 --> 00:46:07,266
The assets after these eleven
million Jews should be a larger sum.

561
00:46:07,292 --> 00:46:08,754
You have to assume that.

562
00:46:08,780 --> 00:46:13,973
So far, Aryanized assets have gone to
the representatives of the four-year plan.

563
00:46:14,504 --> 00:46:18,352
Shall I inform Reich Marshal
Göring that it will continue like this?

564
00:46:18,378 --> 00:46:23,867
Wait now. The Eastern Ministry still has
access to the assets of the Eastern Jews.

565
00:46:23,892 --> 00:46:26,998
Yes.  Our Jews, our money.

566
00:46:27,023 --> 00:46:30,134
First, the money will
finance the transports.

567
00:46:30,159 --> 00:46:35,330
Unfortunately, we have to pay
the Reichsbahn for every Jew.

568
00:46:35,355 --> 00:46:40,546
Now we must not sell the
skin before the bear is shot.

569
00:46:40,821 --> 00:46:43,345
Where do we get transport capacity from?

570
00:46:43,371 --> 00:46:50,295
Good question. The upgrade is already
taking up a lot of the railway and roads.

571
00:46:50,321 --> 00:46:54,511
- Should we have eleven million Jews on the trail?
- And don't forget the military.

572
00:46:54,928 --> 00:46:58,041
The troops must also be
moved, as well as equipment.

573
00:46:58,303 --> 00:47:03,486
We already have supply problems
without the Jewish transports.

574
00:47:03,511 --> 00:47:07,657
If the transports would
impede the war effort,

575
00:47:07,682 --> 00:47:11,823
then the party will advocate dealing
with the Jewish question after the war.

576
00:47:11,850 --> 00:47:14,961
The fight against the Jews is part of the war effort.

577
00:47:14,986 --> 00:47:19,135
It is not a luxury we indulge in
beyond the military endeavours.

578
00:47:19,552 --> 00:47:22,650
War and race are one and the same.

579
00:47:22,676 --> 00:47:25,387
Where we fight against the
Jews, we fight for the kingdom.

580
00:47:25,412 --> 00:47:32,683
- But we mustn't take on too much.
- Exactly. First victory, and then the Jews.

581
00:47:32,708 --> 00:47:36,852
Gentlemen, while I
respect your concerns

582
00:47:36,877 --> 00:47:43,108
is this the wrong time to chastise
the Führer's visions like a potted plant.

583
00:47:43,133 --> 00:47:47,285
Only ten years ago the Jews lived
everywhere among us, almost invisible,

584
00:47:47,310 --> 00:47:50,426
as if they were part of our community of people.

585
00:47:51,012 --> 00:47:55,153
And look where we are
today, how far we've come.

586
00:47:55,179 --> 00:47:58,767
How the possibilities are constantly expanding.

587
00:47:58,792 --> 00:48:06,061
Thinking small now because of
false fears would be a fatal mistake.

588
00:48:06,482 --> 00:48:11,666
Right now, we must have the courage
to take big steps and have big visions.

589
00:48:11,692 --> 00:48:15,439
We are at a critical
stage of the war.

590
00:48:15,464 --> 00:48:18,565
Russia in the east, the USA
in the west and England at sea.

591
00:48:18,590 --> 00:48:21,707
The war is not an obstacle, but an opportunity.

592
00:48:21,732 --> 00:48:25,861
War opens up opportunities
that do not exist in peacetime.

593
00:48:25,886 --> 00:48:32,122
Despite all the personal tragedies, war also
provides an opportunity to create realities.

594
00:48:32,147 --> 00:48:38,397
Make a radical intervention in
society and shape it with a big plan.

595
00:48:40,146 --> 00:48:46,416
When a farmer wants to cultivate his field,
he must first drive the spade into the soil.

596
00:48:49,890 --> 00:48:54,037
Perhaps you will get the best answers to
your questions about transport and personnel

597
00:48:54,062 --> 00:48:58,202
when Herr Eichmann informs
us of the concrete process.

598
00:48:58,769 --> 00:49:01,196
As Jewish adviser at agency IV B4

599
00:49:01,222 --> 00:49:07,452
I am responsible for the registration
and transportation of Jews to be deported.

600
00:49:07,614 --> 00:49:09,665
First:

601
00:49:09,691 --> 00:49:15,924
The transport of Jews is to take place piecemeal,
depending on the military developments.

602
00:49:16,103 --> 00:49:19,817
When the Jew is registered with
the police, reported and separated

603
00:49:19,843 --> 00:49:21,923
he is detained at the reference time.

604
00:49:22,210 --> 00:49:27,394
He hands in his house key, signs
over his assets to the kingdom

605
00:49:27,420 --> 00:49:32,601
and sets off with a small suitcase and a
maximum of 50 reiksmark to the collection point,

606
00:49:32,626 --> 00:49:36,767
usually a distant siding, where
he is placed on the wagon.

607
00:49:36,897 --> 00:49:40,013
Why write over the assets?
According to the 11th Ordinance

608
00:49:40,039 --> 00:49:43,945
Jews lose both citizenship and
property when they cross the border.

609
00:49:43,971 --> 00:49:49,897
- The border crossing is not entirely voluntary.
- Bureaucratic formality seems reassuring.

610
00:49:49,923 --> 00:49:55,108
An orderly process, as the Jews
board the trains with a sense of order.

611
00:49:55,279 --> 00:49:56,589
I understand.

612
00:49:56,614 --> 00:50:01,798
The transport is carried out after
coordination with the Ministry of Transport,

613
00:50:01,823 --> 00:50:07,007
the transport management at the
Ordnungspolizei and the Reichsbahn timetable.

614
00:50:07,374 --> 00:50:11,724
For reasons of efficiency and to give
accompanying staff a better overview

615
00:50:11,750 --> 00:50:17,233
transport takes place primarily with freight wagons.
But in the beginning and up to the border of the kingdom

616
00:50:17,259 --> 00:50:22,226
also used by passenger
trains, for optical reasons.

617
00:50:22,625 --> 00:50:28,628
I guess we are informed about the numbers. We
want to know exactly how many people are coming.

618
00:50:28,654 --> 00:50:35,505
Of course. The transports are coordinated
with the respective reception capacity

619
00:50:35,531 --> 00:50:37,606
at the target areas in the east,

620
00:50:37,899 --> 00:50:43,209
whether ghettos, labor camps,
transit camps or direct action.

621
00:50:43,235 --> 00:50:47,674
- How large will our staffing be?
- Personnel is not a problem.

622
00:50:47,699 --> 00:50:51,846
We manage the entire
company with a handful of men.

623
00:50:52,098 --> 00:50:54,167
- Is it true? - Yes.

624
00:50:55,087 --> 00:50:58,947
A train with ten carriages can
easily be guarded by a dozen men.

625
00:50:59,341 --> 00:51:03,339
And how do you avoid the bottlenecks
in transport that we just pointed out?

626
00:51:03,519 --> 00:51:06,446
We don't expect any bottlenecks.

627
00:51:06,471 --> 00:51:12,046
We use goods wagons that previously
transported Russian workers to the kingdom.

628
00:51:12,072 --> 00:51:17,911
They would otherwise roll back empty. We
are practically trading Jews for Russians.

629
00:51:17,936 --> 00:51:23,443
- So we optimize an existing process?
- Yes. This way we avoid empty trains.

630
00:51:23,469 --> 00:51:25,945
- I like that. - I'll be damned.

631
00:51:26,268 --> 00:51:32,514
If I'd had a freight forwarder like Eichmann,
I'd also have a villa like this now.

632
00:51:33,595 --> 00:51:37,733
- Then these questions are also answered.
- In the protocol?

633
00:51:37,758 --> 00:51:40,874
Yes, Obergruppenführer.
Allow me a comment:

634
00:51:40,899 --> 00:51:47,110
If through transport we lose Jewish
professionals in the war industry,

635
00:51:47,135 --> 00:51:52,329
and in exchange receive untrained
foreign labor, then there is no profit.

636
00:51:52,679 --> 00:51:57,874
It won't be like that. Those that we
benefit from will remain for the time being.

637
00:51:58,094 --> 00:52:04,324
Overall, utility and workability
will play a greater role.

638
00:52:04,415 --> 00:52:07,555
But if this is not the case,
our patience has run out.

639
00:52:07,987 --> 00:52:12,136
This was done in the insane asylums
and institutions for the disabled.

640
00:52:12,478 --> 00:52:16,224
- We can't afford surprise guests.
- A moment.

641
00:52:16,250 --> 00:52:20,523
It was said that the Jews in the Final
Solution would receive special treatment.

642
00:52:21,372 --> 00:52:23,930
And now you say they should work for us?

643
00:52:24,193 --> 00:52:28,336
We get to decide, if
only for planning reasons.

644
00:52:28,362 --> 00:52:34,050
- Workers must be fed and housed.
- Our plans include both things.

645
00:52:34,075 --> 00:52:41,339
Able-bodied Jews are put to suitable
work in the East under suitable leadership.

646
00:52:41,364 --> 00:52:47,587
They will be led there in work
columns to, for example, build roads.

647
00:52:47,612 --> 00:52:53,854
There they will work for us. Quarrying
stone, draining swamps and so on.

648
00:52:54,277 --> 00:52:59,722
I recommend gender segregation so
as not to exacerbate the Jewish problem.

649
00:52:59,749 --> 00:53:05,320
- That's exactly how it's planned.
- Fine. There is plenty of work.

650
00:53:05,345 --> 00:53:09,488
In deed. The Germanization of
our newly won territories in the East

651
00:53:09,513 --> 00:53:14,809
requires roads, factories, agriculture
and housing for German settlers.

652
00:53:14,835 --> 00:53:19,920
The Reichsführer-SS is also planning major
construction projects to secure the areas.

653
00:53:19,945 --> 00:53:26,185
- So we have to agree.
- But hard manual labor for Jews?

654
00:53:26,210 --> 00:53:30,349
I know from experience that
we shouldn't expect much here.

655
00:53:30,374 --> 00:53:35,087
A majority of Jews work in
commerce or in private occupations.

656
00:53:35,577 --> 00:53:41,820
- Not directly with wall construction.
- We will not spare them. Count on it.

657
00:53:41,845 --> 00:53:45,994
A large part will fall away
due to natural causes.

658
00:53:46,019 --> 00:53:51,196
- It is carefully planned for.
- And the ones that don't fall away?

659
00:53:51,659 --> 00:53:56,102
These accumulated residues will
ultimately be properly processed.

660
00:53:56,128 --> 00:53:59,541
They are arguably
the most resilient.

661
00:53:59,566 --> 00:54:02,687
"Properly handled" means...?

662
00:54:02,713 --> 00:54:07,890
Ask first best Jew.  He knows the answer.

663
00:54:07,915 --> 00:54:13,092
- Just so we're talking about the same thing.
- I see no alternatives.

664
00:54:13,400 --> 00:54:16,524
The most resistant must
receive special treatment.

665
00:54:16,746 --> 00:54:20,025
They can become the seed
of a new Jewish structure.

666
00:54:20,051 --> 00:54:23,155
History should be a warning to us.

667
00:54:23,369 --> 00:54:28,079
The Romans expelled the Jews throughout
the world, and saw the problem as solved.

668
00:54:28,105 --> 00:54:31,240
- Did they think, yes.
- Now we have to pay the price.

669
00:54:31,819 --> 00:54:38,059
Anyone who wants a healthy public body must
not shy away from eradicating harmful bacteria.

670
00:54:38,150 --> 00:54:44,383
The Jew is the eternal parasite,
spreading under favorable conditions.

671
00:54:44,550 --> 00:54:48,709
A rotten mold that grows on
the cultures of healthy people.

672
00:54:48,735 --> 00:54:54,962
It is a basic imperative for
ethnic, national and social hygiene

673
00:54:54,988 --> 00:54:59,118
to completely eradicate the disease.

674
00:54:59,144 --> 00:55:02,292
We intend to be thorough and without exception.

675
00:55:03,166 --> 00:55:08,871
You have only spoken of able-bodied Jews.
What is the plan for those who are not?

676
00:55:08,897 --> 00:55:13,516
Good question. Considering the conditions
in our ghettos, it should be half.

677
00:55:13,542 --> 00:55:17,749
- If not more.
- We are gradually getting rid of them.

678
00:55:17,774 --> 00:55:20,889
The necessary capacity is currently being built.

679
00:55:21,603 --> 00:55:27,828
Then the goal of the journey is the
same for all Jews, able-bodied or not.

680
00:55:27,854 --> 00:55:29,232
Exactly.

681
00:55:30,030 --> 00:55:37,287
The solution to this problem will
involve many personal tragedies,

682
00:55:37,695 --> 00:55:43,816
but it is inevitable. This is the right time
for a final solution to the Jewish question.

683
00:55:43,842 --> 00:55:49,545
Later generations will lack the power
of action and the awakened instinct.

684
00:55:49,571 --> 00:55:56,764
What for us is a burden becomes for our
descendants an advantage and a happiness.

685
00:55:56,790 --> 00:56:00,934
- I already see a problem.
- About what?

686
00:56:00,960 --> 00:56:06,755
Special treatment for
non-working Jews means old, right?

687
00:56:06,780 --> 00:56:13,053
And precisely among them are the Jews
who fought for Germany in the World War.

688
00:56:14,267 --> 00:56:20,192
- Side by side with those of us who were there.
- I don't remember fighting with Jews.

689
00:56:20,218 --> 00:56:23,846
- No distinction was made then.
- You probably didn't even notice it.

690
00:56:24,296 --> 00:56:29,486
Considering this problem, we have
found a simple but effective method.

691
00:56:29,716 --> 00:56:30,779
Eichmann.

692
00:56:33,898 --> 00:56:37,371
Citizens over the age of 65,

693
00:56:37,397 --> 00:56:41,412
Jews who were badly wounded during
the war or those who were decorated

694
00:56:41,438 --> 00:56:45,335
are not evacuated directly, but
transferred to ghettos for the elderly.

695
00:56:45,360 --> 00:56:50,543
With this solution, many interventions
are eliminated in one fell swoop.

696
00:56:50,804 --> 00:56:54,958
And where will this ghetto for old
people be located? Does it also fall on us?

697
00:56:55,082 --> 00:56:57,690
Don't worry, you don't have to do it all alone.

698
00:56:57,867 --> 00:57:00,988
The intended is
Theresienstadt in my area.

699
00:57:01,013 --> 00:57:05,144
I don't want to be blamed
later for not contributing

700
00:57:05,169 --> 00:57:07,229
I would never suggest that.

701
00:57:07,254 --> 00:57:12,455
Eichmann last visited Theresienstadt
yesterday. The rebuilding is already underway.

702
00:57:12,480 --> 00:57:17,663
Soon, several tens of thousands of
Jews will be accommodated there.

703
00:57:17,688 --> 00:57:23,918
As it is a former fortress, it is
easy to achieve maximum security.

704
00:57:23,943 --> 00:57:28,101
The site consists of compact, well-built houses.

705
00:57:28,126 --> 00:57:33,303
It is quite possible that we
can make it a show ghetto.

706
00:57:33,328 --> 00:57:38,522
Incidentally, this solution can be
very reassuring for the population.

707
00:57:39,076 --> 00:57:43,999
Magnificent! We give the Jewish
controlled cruelty propaganda abroad

708
00:57:44,025 --> 00:57:47,905
a concrete counter-evidence:
the invitation to Theresienstadt.

709
00:57:47,930 --> 00:57:52,071
Come and see how the Germans deal with the Jews.

710
00:57:52,096 --> 00:57:56,707
Won't it be expensive? Housing
for tens of thousands of people?

711
00:57:56,733 --> 00:58:00,429
It is being investigated whether it is possible
to charge the residents for the accommodation,

712
00:58:00,454 --> 00:58:05,627
as well as the Jews we had to emigrate
themselves paid for the transport.

713
00:58:06,092 --> 00:58:08,356
God forbid we pay for the Jews.

714
00:58:08,382 --> 00:58:11,895
But then we still have tens of thousands of Jews left.

715
00:58:12,732 --> 00:58:16,053
Old Jews, Gruppenführer.
Propagation is unlikely.

716
00:58:16,078 --> 00:58:19,396
The problem resolves
itself biologically.

717
00:58:19,494 --> 00:58:24,406
The old in the ghetto are, of course,
ultimately transferred to the Final Solution.

718
00:58:24,432 --> 00:58:26,491
Then I shouldn't have said anything.

719
00:58:26,898 --> 00:58:32,088
Then my people will make
Theresienstadt a fantastic German colony.

720
00:58:32,226 --> 00:58:37,422
Then it was settled too.
I suggest a short break.

721
00:58:37,448 --> 00:58:41,076
You have got an idea of
​​the basic features of our plan,

722
00:58:41,101 --> 00:58:45,261
but two points await us which
are more ministerial matters.

723
00:58:45,806 --> 00:58:51,020
You can stock up in the salon,
and we'll continue in ten minutes.

724
00:58:55,698 --> 00:58:57,796
There is much that awaits us.

725
00:59:19,280 --> 00:59:25,104
- All the Jews of Europe. Who expected that?
- In accordance with the Führer's vision.

726
00:59:25,130 --> 00:59:31,362
You will be able to tell your grandchildren
that you witnessed world history.

727
00:59:31,937 --> 00:59:34,484
Helped shape, I would say.

728
00:59:34,526 --> 00:59:37,631
Am I seeing right?  Salmon slices?

729
00:59:37,884 --> 00:59:42,060
Availability at RSHA appears to be good.

730
00:59:49,483 --> 00:59:51,544
Very friendly.  Thanks.

731
00:59:51,570 --> 00:59:56,157
- No one should complain about our working environment anymore.
- No the opposite.

732
00:59:56,182 --> 01:00:01,369
- Just think about our last music night.
- How could I forget?

733
01:00:01,394 --> 01:00:06,595
I would say we have a lot of fun. We
laugh more than in other departments.

734
01:00:06,620 --> 01:00:09,721
I am glad to hear.

735
01:00:10,087 --> 01:00:15,283
It's starting to move. Heydrich
has a firm grip on the helm.

736
01:00:15,577 --> 01:00:20,148
He makes it look like the
chaos of the last few months

737
01:00:20,173 --> 01:00:22,810
was part of a great plan that is now being initiated.

738
01:00:22,836 --> 01:00:25,366
Don't you think so?

739
01:00:25,391 --> 01:00:30,571
I would say one third
plan, two thirds chaos.

740
01:00:30,596 --> 01:00:34,751
And the chaos is now plainly
declared to have been part of the plan.

741
01:00:34,776 --> 01:00:39,955
The pressure rises. Everyone wants to get
rid of their Jews, but no one wants them.

742
01:00:40,240 --> 01:00:42,622
Nobody wants to be a Jew today either.

743
01:00:44,143 --> 01:00:46,564
- Gauleiter. - Dr. Freisler.

744
01:00:47,071 --> 01:00:50,172
You said earlier that you
were at the Führer's house.

745
01:00:50,198 --> 01:00:53,515
In December, at a meeting with
national and party district leaders.

746
01:00:53,540 --> 01:00:56,646
- Interesting? - What, exactly?

747
01:00:57,216 --> 01:01:02,587
It may sound incredible, but I
have never met our Führer in person.

748
01:01:02,613 --> 01:01:04,975
- Thus. - Oh really?

749
01:01:05,000 --> 01:01:10,188
Do you think you could
put in a good word for me,

750
01:01:10,214 --> 01:01:13,643
for a meeting with the Führer?  Anywhere.

751
01:01:13,670 --> 01:01:16,796
Of course.  I would love to.

752
01:01:20,106 --> 01:01:24,264
- Shall I bring you something?
- No thanks.

753
01:01:28,991 --> 01:01:31,347
They seem to have swallowed the bitterest pills.

754
01:01:31,373 --> 01:01:35,500
That we decide on the timing
and extent of the evacuations.

755
01:01:35,526 --> 01:01:39,686
We're not done yet. Don't
underestimate Dr. Stuckart.

756
01:01:40,199 --> 01:01:43,050
We haven't gotten to his favorite subject.

757
01:01:53,632 --> 01:01:58,999
- I must admit that you surprised me.
- Then my visit here is already worthwhile.

758
01:01:59,025 --> 01:02:03,578
You are told that you will get millions
of new Jews and keep the mask.

759
01:02:03,604 --> 01:02:08,790
It was an agreement. You
approve of his leadership,

760
01:02:08,816 --> 01:02:14,024
and he gives you the promise to
begin the final solution at your doorstep.

761
01:02:14,879 --> 01:02:19,018
- I hope Heydrich keeps it.
- What do you mean?

762
01:02:19,043 --> 01:02:21,981
- It is an honor that it happens with us.
- I know.

763
01:02:22,007 --> 01:02:27,184
The Jewish question is the Führer's
pet child. Everyone wants to keep it.

764
01:02:27,382 --> 01:02:32,579
I know Frank. He will eat you if you
return to Kraków without promises.

765
01:02:33,271 --> 01:02:37,408
Governor-General Frank is
happy to receive ten thousand Jews

766
01:02:37,450 --> 01:02:39,795
if we get rid of twenty
thousand in the same breath.

767
01:02:39,821 --> 01:02:43,543
- A deep breath.
- We were promised large-scale measures.

768
01:02:43,569 --> 01:02:46,689
I heard that.

769
01:02:52,835 --> 01:02:55,966
I am not authorized to speak about it.

770
01:03:28,415 --> 01:03:30,497
Peacefully.

771
01:03:31,559 --> 01:03:33,644
Very.

772
01:03:35,842 --> 01:03:39,306
Heinz Rühmann lives here somewhere.

773
01:03:39,331 --> 01:03:41,420
Speer too.

774
01:03:42,982 --> 01:03:47,150
Down there is Max Liebermann's villa.

775
01:03:48,708 --> 01:03:52,883
- The painter.
- I know. Jewish Impressionist.

776
01:03:54,964 --> 01:03:58,084
- You are an educated man.
- And it surprises you.

777
01:03:58,743 --> 01:04:02,879
- Considering my duties in the East.
- You often hear that.

778
01:04:02,905 --> 01:04:06,028
Occasionally.

779
01:04:07,499 --> 01:04:13,708
Could you have dreamed it? That you
would suddenly change your desk in Berlin

780
01:04:13,733 --> 01:04:16,844
against service in Poland?

781
01:04:17,366 --> 01:04:22,592
You get to experience what is decided
behind the desk. What is wrong with that?

782
01:04:25,214 --> 01:04:28,343
What is happening in the east...

783
01:04:30,419 --> 01:04:35,953
One hears that it is degenerating.
Brutality. Arquebusing pits.

784
01:04:36,376 --> 01:04:40,828
I see it as a craft. You
learn and then you can.

785
01:04:40,853 --> 01:04:42,920
Some better, others worse.

786
01:04:43,383 --> 01:04:46,491
How are your men doing?

787
01:04:46,517 --> 01:04:51,720
Every day these promotions.  Entire villages.

788
01:04:53,969 --> 01:04:57,074
We emphasize the necessity of the mission.

789
01:04:57,100 --> 01:05:01,369
The rest is done through habit
and an extra ration of brandy.

790
01:05:01,596 --> 01:05:04,823
The brandy blurs the impressions from the day.

791
01:05:05,596 --> 01:05:10,284
You must intervene only when they
bellow during work. They shoot wrong.

792
01:05:10,310 --> 01:05:13,424
Then the half-dead fight their
way out of the pits during the night,

793
01:05:13,791 --> 01:05:17,943
and you have to shoot them again the next morning.

794
01:05:18,894 --> 01:05:24,082
- I didn't mean to offend you.
- You were in the trenches yourself, weren't you?

795
01:05:24,108 --> 01:05:29,295
We shot at soldiers, not
at women and children.

796
01:05:29,321 --> 01:05:32,420
I have a husband who prefers to shoot children,

797
01:05:32,446 --> 01:05:36,596
since they wouldn't survive
without their parents anyway.

798
01:05:36,622 --> 01:05:40,764
He thinks he is doing the children a favor.

799
01:05:40,790 --> 01:05:43,918
It makes sense, doesn't it?

800
01:05:58,583 --> 01:06:01,708
The conference continues.

801
01:06:18,860 --> 01:06:24,052
I hope you feel empowered. We
now come to a central question,

802
01:06:24,077 --> 01:06:28,226
namely the determination of which
groups are suitable for evacuation.

803
01:06:28,251 --> 01:06:32,398
Which ones are current for our
transports and which are not?

804
01:06:32,423 --> 01:06:35,524
Clarification is needed here
regarding Jews living abroad,

805
01:06:35,549 --> 01:06:37,875
Jews of mixed race and intermarriage.

806
01:06:37,901 --> 01:06:39,709
I cannot agree.

807
01:06:39,734 --> 01:06:44,636
Jews of mixed race and intermarriage
are regulated by our Jewish laws.

808
01:06:44,662 --> 01:06:51,165
- Our perceptions differ.
- But now I'm talking about laws.

809
01:06:51,190 --> 01:06:54,296
For the sake of simplicity,
we start with Jews abroad.

810
01:06:54,321 --> 01:06:59,541
Under Secretary of State
Luther, please brief us.

811
01:07:00,590 --> 01:07:02,643
Foreign Jews.

812
01:07:02,669 --> 01:07:07,864
About 40,000 Jews with foreign
passports are on German soil.

813
01:07:07,889 --> 01:07:14,110
- Oh dear! What are some?
- They must know that they are not welcome.

814
01:07:14,135 --> 01:07:19,317
It's mainly about Hungarian, Czech
and maybe Slovak Jews, isn't it?

815
01:07:19,342 --> 01:07:24,531
That's right. We got most of
them at the union with Austria.

816
01:07:24,733 --> 01:07:26,996
Tell us we can change that!

817
01:07:27,022 --> 01:07:31,216
We can, at least when it comes
to citizens of enemy countries.

818
01:07:31,242 --> 01:07:34,900
But for Jews from friendly countries
or countries under our influence

819
01:07:34,934 --> 01:07:40,195
do we see it as polite to at
least ask the governments

820
01:07:40,639 --> 01:07:44,339
if we may include their Jewish
citizens in our companies.

821
01:07:44,365 --> 01:07:47,477
Who would turn down an offer like that?

822
01:07:47,502 --> 01:07:53,137
It's like asking a neighbor if
you can shovel his manure too.

823
01:07:53,163 --> 01:07:58,563
Slovakia and Croatia have agreed.
Romania and Bulgaria are well on their way.

824
01:07:58,589 --> 01:08:02,069
Do they give us free
access to their citizens?

825
01:08:02,094 --> 01:08:05,040
They have no objections.
Only Hungary opposes it,

826
01:08:05,066 --> 01:08:10,751
and Slovakia claims
the assets of the Jews.

827
01:08:10,807 --> 01:08:13,292
- Why doesn't it surprise me?
- Money doesn't smell.

828
01:08:13,318 --> 01:08:18,505
- Maybe we can do them that service.
- The office of the four-year plan?

829
01:08:18,795 --> 01:08:23,980
If it speeds up deportation,
we must not be petty.

830
01:08:24,005 --> 01:08:29,183
- It is likely not large sums.
- Thank you for your courtesy.

831
01:08:29,208 --> 01:08:34,402
You heard. Apart from the Hungarians,
we can get rid of all foreign Jews.

832
01:08:34,427 --> 01:08:39,609
- How is the situation in France?
- Herr Eichmann apparently knows something new here.

833
01:08:39,634 --> 01:08:43,496
The Wehrmacht has accepted the
necessity of our measures of force.

834
01:08:43,522 --> 01:08:50,035
Jews who fled the kingdom have been
interned, and transports will soon begin.

835
01:08:50,060 --> 01:08:52,126
With the French Jews we should wait a little.

836
01:08:52,151 --> 01:08:55,262
So, Eichmann now works
at the Foreign Ministry?

837
01:08:55,287 --> 01:08:58,378
It is called interministerial cooperation.

838
01:08:58,403 --> 01:09:01,504
Let's stick to the topic.
Belgium? Holland?

839
01:09:01,529 --> 01:09:05,679
Throughout Western and
Southeastern Europe, we can act freely.

840
01:09:05,704 --> 01:09:09,846
- Fine. We will do what is necessary.
- It's been noted.

841
01:09:09,871 --> 01:09:15,060
But I see difficulties in the north.
Denmark, Norway and Finland.

842
01:09:15,085 --> 01:09:16,725
Why right there?

843
01:09:16,752 --> 01:09:22,992
For some reason, it is difficult to convince
the population of the danger of the Jews.

844
01:09:23,921 --> 01:09:24,964
What do you suggest?

845
01:09:25,192 --> 01:09:28,327
Ignore for now.  The numbers are dropping.

846
01:09:28,353 --> 01:09:30,431
We don't usually put things off,

847
01:09:31,261 --> 01:09:36,482
but as long as we are busy with
Jews from other countries, it will be fine.

848
01:09:36,980 --> 01:09:38,632
What shall we do with Hungary?

849
01:09:38,810 --> 01:09:45,062
It is time to force on the government one
of our chosen advisers on Jewish matters.

850
01:09:46,369 --> 01:09:51,573
Perhaps one of your staff,
Obersturmbannführer? Can you spare someone?

851
01:09:52,040 --> 01:09:54,292
Maybe I can help?

852
01:09:54,318 --> 01:10:00,531
The Central Bureau of Race and Settlement may
send an assistant to the police attache there.

853
01:10:00,557 --> 01:10:01,866
Sure, why not?  So we do.

854
01:10:02,006 --> 01:10:07,217
Excuse. Should our foreign policy
now be shaped by Herr Hofmann's staff?

855
01:10:07,242 --> 01:10:12,415
Don't get excited. We are talking
about an advisor, not a new ambassador.

856
01:10:12,440 --> 01:10:14,516
An adviser with no diplomatic experience.

857
01:10:14,541 --> 01:10:20,754
But he has experience with Jewish
affairs. Surely that must also count?

858
01:10:20,779 --> 01:10:25,982
I am irritated by the liberality with which
some agencies sacrifice their expertise.

859
01:10:26,007 --> 01:10:31,190
It's no big deal to me. The
main thing is that it gets decided.

860
01:10:31,377 --> 01:10:32,930
It would be nice if something went easily.

861
01:10:32,956 --> 01:10:36,397
I don't call the gardener
when I need a roofer.

862
01:10:36,422 --> 01:10:42,064
I refuse that. We have a lot of
people with international experience.

863
01:10:42,090 --> 01:10:45,799
So you see it. I do not
consider all equally suitable.

864
01:10:45,824 --> 01:10:51,000
If you're going to talk about
responsibilities, please stick to yours.

865
01:10:51,276 --> 01:10:54,391
Let Undersecretary
Luther do his thing.

866
01:10:54,611 --> 01:10:58,756
We do as we are told. Are
the Jews abroad finished?

867
01:10:58,782 --> 01:11:05,053
It can be relatively easy to present
a Jew-free Serbia to the Führer.

868
01:11:05,079 --> 01:11:09,142
- Interesting. Continue.
- Maybe later in a smaller group?

869
01:11:09,168 --> 01:11:13,342
Better now in a smaller
group. Müller. Eichmann.

870
01:11:28,558 --> 01:11:32,721
- How many are we talking about?
- 6,000-8,000. Only women and children.

871
01:11:32,746 --> 01:11:36,888
- Why no male Jews?
- Already shot as a hostage.

872
01:11:36,913 --> 01:11:42,102
- A hundred dead for one dead German.
- I remember. An effective measure, Eichmann.

873
01:11:42,127 --> 01:11:45,218
Thank you, Obergruppenführer.

874
01:11:45,243 --> 01:11:47,620
- Serbian government?
- We don't have to think about it.

875
01:11:48,366 --> 01:11:50,467
Who do we give the command to?

876
01:11:51,513 --> 01:11:55,689
Maybe Schäfer. He who blew
up the radio mast in Gliwice.

877
01:11:56,707 --> 01:12:00,873
- Yes, a good fellow.
- He gets the gas wagons going to Riga.

878
01:12:00,898 --> 01:12:06,083
- Mr. Lange will not like that.
- Lange can improvise. We do so.

879
01:12:06,108 --> 01:12:09,237
- Understood.
- I make sure it happens.

880
01:12:20,303 --> 01:12:23,797
We have one last item left on the agenda:

881
01:12:23,823 --> 01:12:26,927
The treatment of mixed
race Jews and intermarriage.

882
01:12:26,952 --> 01:12:32,935
Here, Dr. Stuckart, your opinion is
not only requested, but necessary.

883
01:12:33,434 --> 01:12:37,831
As said, the processing is best
regulated by the applicable laws.

884
01:12:37,857 --> 01:12:40,845
Of course.  After all, it's your laws.

885
01:12:40,871 --> 01:12:44,486
They will form the
basis of our conversation.

886
01:12:44,512 --> 01:12:49,864
This is binding legislation,
not a basis for discussion.

887
01:12:49,889 --> 01:12:53,456
Even laws become outdated
and need to be re-evaluated.

888
01:12:53,482 --> 01:12:56,298
Like re-wallpapering when
you get tired of the color?

889
01:12:56,324 --> 01:13:02,380
We should recognize that today the people and
the race must be categories in our action.

890
01:13:02,535 --> 01:13:07,092
The people need a reliable
legal system, which I defend.

891
01:13:07,118 --> 01:13:10,730
Right is what is useful to people.

892
01:13:10,755 --> 01:13:14,897
What does it mean if it contradicts
the common sense of the people?

893
01:13:15,133 --> 01:13:19,411
Exactly. Let's not make things more
complicated than they already are.

894
01:13:19,437 --> 01:13:24,639
Sure, but not easier either.
Where do you see a need for action?

895
01:13:24,665 --> 01:13:30,537
According to the Nuremberg Laws, half-Jews were
exempted from evacuation and special treatment.

896
01:13:30,862 --> 01:13:32,935
Will there be a change to that?

897
01:13:33,015 --> 01:13:37,836
There have been discussions between
us, the party and individual ministries.

898
01:13:37,861 --> 01:13:41,735
I have asked the party office to
summarize these conversations.

899
01:13:41,760 --> 01:13:43,043
Dr. Klopfer.

900
01:13:43,068 --> 01:13:46,186
The party's line is clear.

901
01:13:46,211 --> 01:13:52,444
Jews, half-Jews and quarter-Jews
are ultimately seen as Jews.

902
01:13:52,469 --> 01:13:55,758
They cannot be tolerated in the commonwealth.

903
01:13:55,784 --> 01:14:01,592
The distinction between good
and bad Jews, full- and half-Jews,

904
01:14:01,918 --> 01:14:03,399
no longer serves any purpose.

905
01:14:03,425 --> 01:14:07,031
I agree, and then I
speak for the entire SS,

906
01:14:07,056 --> 01:14:10,156
for public hygiene and
consolidation of the race's territory.

907
01:14:10,181 --> 01:14:13,296
We know that.  And what do you think?

908
01:14:13,321 --> 01:14:17,470
A working document has been
prepared. I would like to read it.

909
01:14:17,495 --> 01:14:18,680
You are welcome:

910
01:14:18,706 --> 01:14:21,641
First: First degree mixed race Jews

911
01:14:21,666 --> 01:14:25,377
equated with Jews with
respect to the Final Solution.

912
01:14:25,403 --> 01:14:28,204
- Rejected.
- Listen first, for God's sake!

913
01:14:28,230 --> 01:14:31,010
It already violates existing laws.

914
01:14:31,035 --> 01:14:34,614
They are not equated with
Jews. They have German blood.

915
01:14:34,640 --> 01:14:38,762
- But the aim is to change that.
- It's not that simple.

916
01:14:38,788 --> 01:14:42,942
We cannot sit here and decide that
half-Jews should have the yellow star,

917
01:14:43,129 --> 01:14:47,282
that they may not walk in
German forests or have a canary.

918
01:14:47,308 --> 01:14:52,873
- And certainly not evacuated to the East.
- A working document, as I said.

919
01:14:52,899 --> 01:14:57,070
- And there are exceptions in the draft.
- Right.

920
01:14:59,194 --> 01:15:03,940
Exceptions are mixed race Jews of
the first degree married to German blood.

921
01:15:03,966 --> 01:15:08,203
- I assume that.
- As long as they have children, that is, quarter Jews.

922
01:15:08,229 --> 01:15:10,294
So generous.

923
01:15:10,662 --> 01:15:14,349
In other ways, our proposal
meets your requirements.

924
01:15:14,375 --> 01:15:21,658
Second-degree mixed-race Jews, quarter
Jews, are counted as having German blood.

925
01:15:22,130 --> 01:15:25,243
Wait a minute... Why?

926
01:15:25,650 --> 01:15:30,834
Unless they are the children
of two Jews of mixed race,

927
01:15:30,884 --> 01:15:33,245
has an unfavorably Jewish appearance

928
01:15:33,271 --> 01:15:37,750
or prove by their behavior that
they should be considered Jews.

929
01:15:37,775 --> 01:15:42,231
- I'm starting to lose track.
- I see the proposal as fully feasible.

930
01:15:42,257 --> 01:15:45,356
May I ask for your spontaneous opinion?

931
01:15:45,382 --> 01:15:49,233
From a foreign policy point of view, it
does not matter whether they stay or leave.

932
01:15:49,258 --> 01:15:53,146
The Marshal certainly
has no objections,

933
01:15:53,172 --> 01:15:57,233
as long as we don't lose
professionals in the war industry.

934
01:15:57,259 --> 01:16:01,917
- That must be taken into account.
- I also see a half-Jew as a Jew.

935
01:16:01,943 --> 01:16:06,552
It is possible, legally speaking,
to expand the definition of a Jew,

936
01:16:06,578 --> 01:16:12,174
but why worry about Jewish laws
when there will soon be no Jews?

937
01:16:12,199 --> 01:16:15,873
Interesting stance from
the Ministry of Justice.

938
01:16:15,899 --> 01:16:20,037
In the East, we still cannot
make such fine distinctions.

939
01:16:20,207 --> 01:16:24,673
We often don't even see if someone is
Jewish, let alone half- or quarter-Jewish.

940
01:16:25,201 --> 01:16:29,360
But now we are the German
Reich, and here the law still applies.

941
01:16:29,484 --> 01:16:34,676
You have to admit that the Ministry of the
Interior is clearly isolated on the matter.

942
01:16:35,092 --> 01:16:38,219
What do you hope to achieve with the changes?

943
01:16:38,245 --> 01:16:42,043
Simplification, as always.
Clear, quick decisions.

944
01:16:42,069 --> 01:16:47,286
You accomplish the exact
opposite. Returning to individual trial…

945
01:16:47,631 --> 01:16:50,747
We are talking about tens of thousands of cases.

946
01:16:50,772 --> 01:16:55,958
- How many half-Jews are there in the kingdom?
- Around 70,000.

947
01:16:56,267 --> 01:17:01,494
Then add quarters, and our
officials have been busy for years.

948
01:17:01,704 --> 01:17:05,335
If you had written better laws, we
would have escaped the problem.

949
01:17:05,360 --> 01:17:08,476
I didn't write them myself,
and that's not true anyway.

950
01:17:08,501 --> 01:17:12,647
A half-Jew who behaves like a
Jew, that is, follows the Mosaic faith

951
01:17:13,046 --> 01:17:17,198
or is married to a non-Jewish person, is treated
as a non-Jewish person according to existing law.

952
01:17:17,362 --> 01:17:19,418
Nothing prevents evacuation.

953
01:17:19,642 --> 01:17:24,103
- How many of these are there in the kingdom?
- About 8,000.

954
01:17:24,129 --> 01:17:27,625
Eight trains.  Then we have over 60,000 left.

955
01:17:27,860 --> 01:17:31,413
The majority of these half-Jews see
themselves as part of German society.

956
01:17:31,438 --> 01:17:35,118
- They renounce the faith even internally.
- To protect yourself.

957
01:17:35,144 --> 01:17:38,723
Thousands of them have proven
themselves in our armed forces.

958
01:17:39,425 --> 01:17:41,479
- How many? - Around 10,000.

959
01:17:41,505 --> 01:17:44,314
I still want to get rid of another 60,000.

960
01:17:44,340 --> 01:17:50,183
Don't forget the SS comrades who were found
to have Jewish blood during racial testing.

961
01:17:50,486 --> 01:17:54,628
- Tragic cases, indeed.
- But not a significant number.

962
01:17:54,654 --> 01:17:58,516
But in the mixed races the
German blood predominates.

963
01:17:58,541 --> 01:18:01,657
Should they be included in the final solution?

964
01:18:01,682 --> 01:18:06,873
- We can make exceptions in special cases.
- Yes, but let's think further.

965
01:18:07,671 --> 01:18:12,889
According to you, a half-Jew who has children
with a German wife should not be evacuated.

966
01:18:12,915 --> 01:18:15,200
- Good God! - I do not follow.

967
01:18:15,225 --> 01:18:20,434
A half-Jew with a German wife and
children? True, he is not evacuated.

968
01:18:20,459 --> 01:18:26,674
Now let's imagine that this half-Jew has
a brother, who is of course also half-Jew,

969
01:18:26,878 --> 01:18:31,627
but he is not married and has no children. Should
he be evacuated according to your suggestion?

970
01:18:31,653 --> 01:18:34,145
- Yes.
- How do you explain it to the family?

971
01:18:34,171 --> 01:18:38,300
To the Aryan sister-in-law?
The Aryan relatives?

972
01:18:38,326 --> 01:18:42,325
- Everything can be dramatized.
- No, I'm just thinking it through.

973
01:18:42,573 --> 01:18:45,672
We cannot treat quarter-Jews
as of German blood

974
01:18:45,698 --> 01:18:50,653
but evacuate their
half-Jewish family to the East.

975
01:18:50,678 --> 01:18:54,016
How do you explain to the
quarterback on leave from the front

976
01:18:54,042 --> 01:18:59,227
that his half-Jewish family on the platform
opposite being sent east in a cattle car?

977
01:18:59,253 --> 01:19:02,134
All are individual cases.

978
01:19:02,159 --> 01:19:06,291
I have to agree with Dr. Stuckart.

979
01:19:06,316 --> 01:19:11,334
Even the Führer believes that it is of the
utmost importance not to worry the population.

980
01:19:11,360 --> 01:19:17,140
I want to remind you about the
euthanasia program. It caused a stir.

981
01:19:17,167 --> 01:19:21,735
- Dr. Stuckart complicates matters.
- It's complicated.

982
01:19:21,761 --> 01:19:27,147
The Führer knows this and has therefore
given no other instructions on the matter.

983
01:19:27,172 --> 01:19:30,322
But maybe you are smarter
than the Führer on this point?

984
01:19:31,071 --> 01:19:37,306
The Führer wants the final solution. Everything
Jewish must be driven out of the body of the people.

985
01:19:37,333 --> 01:19:40,436
Your proposal creates intolerable situations.

986
01:19:40,730 --> 01:19:44,891
In extreme cases, it leads to chaos,
and out of chaos grows resistance.

987
01:19:45,645 --> 01:19:48,009
We don't want mixed race Jews as enemies.

988
01:19:48,034 --> 01:19:53,083
The half-Jew is a more dangerous enemy,
with his high-value Germanic heritage.

989
01:19:53,228 --> 01:19:56,356
High-ranking half-Jews?

990
01:19:57,909 --> 01:20:01,027
- Do you also have a constructive suggestion?
- Very good question.

991
01:20:01,646 --> 01:20:05,800
My suggestion is to do nothing.

992
01:20:17,757 --> 01:20:20,868
We should do nothing at all.

993
01:20:20,893 --> 01:20:26,081
- You've got to be kidding.
- Half-Jews can only marry Germans.

994
01:20:26,106 --> 01:20:30,250
Purely biologically, the Jewish
part decreases with each generation.

995
01:20:30,275 --> 01:20:35,462
- Children of half-Jews are already quarter-Jews.
- But then we won't be finished for a hundred years.

996
01:20:35,487 --> 01:20:38,592
Half Jew.  Quarter seventh.

997
01:20:38,617 --> 01:20:43,263
If I don't like the nose,
it's Jewish enough.

998
01:20:43,289 --> 01:20:45,169
A bit coarse, isn't it?

999
01:20:45,626 --> 01:20:49,781
In any case, no one can
understand that I like Jews.

1000
01:20:49,831 --> 01:20:52,975
I know you are accomplishing a lot in the East.

1001
01:20:53,373 --> 01:20:59,615
But don't think I'm doing less here just
because I'm not wading in Jewish blood.

1002
01:21:00,015 --> 01:21:05,214
Without us and our laws, the German
Reich would not be where it is today.

1003
01:21:05,484 --> 01:21:09,627
No one doubts your
commitment, Dr. Stuckart.

1004
01:21:09,652 --> 01:21:14,438
That said, we try to simplify
things as much as possible.

1005
01:21:14,464 --> 01:21:17,598
In that case, I suggest sterilization.

1006
01:21:21,117 --> 01:21:26,297
Sterilization?  How should I understand it?

1007
01:21:26,322 --> 01:21:30,275
Forced sterilization of all
mixed-race Jews, without exception.

1008
01:21:30,301 --> 01:21:35,512
Cheaper than deportation and absolutely
sufficient from a racial hygiene point of view.

1009
01:21:38,555 --> 01:21:42,706
An interesting suggestion, Dr. Stuckart.

1010
01:21:43,009 --> 01:21:48,202
All biologically dangerous elements
would be prevented from procreating.

1011
01:21:48,227 --> 01:21:51,343
The risk of breed deterioration is eliminated.

1012
01:21:51,368 --> 01:21:55,492
Is it technically feasible
on such a large scale?

1013
01:21:55,517 --> 01:22:01,757
It needs to be evaluated. Faced with
the choice to be evacuated or sterilized

1014
01:22:01,782 --> 01:22:05,930
a Jew of mixed race will
undoubtedly prefer sterilization.

1015
01:22:06,337 --> 01:22:11,562
Their blood will die out,
but we keep them as labor.

1016
01:22:11,823 --> 01:22:13,906
A tailor-made solution.

1017
01:22:14,591 --> 01:22:18,084
Forced divorces would also be conceivable.

1018
01:22:18,110 --> 01:22:21,249
You wanted to simplify things.  There you have it.

1019
01:22:22,641 --> 01:22:27,833
Here are some more suggestions
regarding intermarriage,

1020
01:22:27,858 --> 01:22:30,959
that is, between German-blooded and all-Jews.

1021
01:22:30,984 --> 01:22:34,098
We're taking a break.

1022
01:22:35,930 --> 01:22:38,021
Dr. Stuckart.

1023
01:23:04,092 --> 01:23:08,238
In the lounge there is freshly
brewed coffee, desserts and cognac.

1024
01:23:08,264 --> 01:23:11,393
We'll continue in a few minutes.

1025
01:23:19,803 --> 01:23:22,940
The Working Paper on Mixed
Race Jews. Add it to the record.

1026
01:23:56,208 --> 01:24:01,157
You have good arguments
and know how to present them.

1027
01:24:01,183 --> 01:24:03,769
Yet you insist on the matter.

1028
01:24:04,202 --> 01:24:09,393
Sometimes, if I'm being honest...

1029
01:24:10,040 --> 01:24:17,140
Sometimes I wonder if you oppose our
proposals because of your good arguments

1030
01:24:18,094 --> 01:24:21,482
or because it is precisely your
laws that we are discussing here.

1031
01:24:21,507 --> 01:24:26,719
I wish you didn't see us lawyers
just as brake pads on your train.

1032
01:24:28,382 --> 01:24:31,924
- My authority is full of lawyers.
- Of a different kind.

1033
01:24:31,949 --> 01:24:35,048
Like Dr. Schöngarth and Dr. Lange.

1034
01:24:35,073 --> 01:24:39,086
I value dedication and
willingness to trade.

1035
01:24:39,112 --> 01:24:44,312
I have less use for lawyers
who complicate and sow doubt.

1036
01:24:44,687 --> 01:24:49,484
Thinking is good, but acting is better.

1037
01:24:49,510 --> 01:24:55,754
Action without thought accomplishes nothing.
Then you throw the baby out with the bathwater.

1038
01:24:59,551 --> 01:25:01,642
Forced sterilization?

1039
01:25:04,084 --> 01:25:10,322
Do you mean it? Or are you suggesting
it because it takes months to evaluate?

1040
01:25:10,519 --> 01:25:14,668
Like you, I see myself as
devoted to the Führer's cause.

1041
01:25:14,693 --> 01:25:17,569
I am not speaking against your final solution,

1042
01:25:17,595 --> 01:25:21,470
but only for an orderly
deprivation of rights.

1043
01:25:21,672 --> 01:25:26,853
I have the greatest respect for what you
have done at the National Security Board.

1044
01:25:26,879 --> 01:25:29,991
An ideologically stable,
combative administration

1045
01:25:30,333 --> 01:25:36,556
prepared for radical intervention. But don't
forget that all of Germany is not like that.

1046
01:25:36,581 --> 01:25:41,769
People need rules and
norms, clarity and orientation.

1047
01:25:41,794 --> 01:25:44,903
The knowledge that everything has its order.

1048
01:25:44,928 --> 01:25:49,779
Thanks so much.  We will investigate the matter.

1049
01:25:50,129 --> 01:25:52,217
Thanks.

1050
01:25:59,536 --> 01:26:05,755
Apart from that, of course you are
right. I have written a huge set of laws.

1051
01:26:05,780 --> 01:26:09,939
If you take it away from me, I might
as well go to the office without pants.

1052
01:26:09,964 --> 01:26:14,116
Of course, we must
prevent that at all costs.

1053
01:26:16,629 --> 01:26:18,940
Has your wife made herself at home?

1054
01:26:18,966 --> 01:26:23,121
Last time I got the impression
that she didn't like Prague.

1055
01:26:23,513 --> 01:26:27,659
It was over a long time
ago. The other day she said:

1056
01:26:27,684 --> 01:26:30,786
"I am a princess who lives in a castle."

1057
01:26:30,811 --> 01:26:33,926
I am glad to hear.

1058
01:26:34,987 --> 01:26:39,157
- And you? When will the increase come?
- There are a few weeks left.

1059
01:26:44,372 --> 01:26:49,579
- Come visit us.
- As soon as it can be arranged.

1060
01:26:50,630 --> 01:26:55,833
Are you planning to move your family
here after the war? The house suits you.

1061
01:26:58,962 --> 01:27:03,107
- Possibly.
- Then we would become neighbors.

1062
01:27:03,133 --> 01:27:07,299
Our children can swim together in the Wannsee.

1063
01:27:11,078 --> 01:27:13,134
A beautiful thought.

1064
01:27:13,160 --> 01:27:18,341
The Reichsführer-SS and the
Governor General had a clear agreement.

1065
01:27:18,368 --> 01:27:21,757
It is my right to insist
that it be observed.

1066
01:27:22,091 --> 01:27:25,920
You heard Obergruppenführer
Heydrich. I can't do more.

1067
01:27:25,946 --> 01:27:32,188
We have no interest in being responsible
for the misery of another million Jews.

1068
01:27:32,591 --> 01:27:35,492
I can't come up with it.

1069
01:27:45,435 --> 01:27:48,552
I'm going to have a cup of coffee.  Do you also want?

1070
01:27:49,130 --> 01:27:52,263
I thought we were going to work here.

1071
01:28:08,138 --> 01:28:11,249
Gentlemen, we proceed.

1072
01:28:11,917 --> 01:28:16,751
Let's stay here. We'll be done
soon. We can move on to the informal.

1073
01:28:16,786 --> 01:28:19,241
- My documents, please.
- If it is okay.

1074
01:28:19,266 --> 01:28:23,408
Dr. Stuckart and I
had a fruitful exchange.

1075
01:28:23,433 --> 01:28:26,524
Do you have any questions?

1076
01:28:26,549 --> 01:28:32,782
I feel I have to ask again about
the progress of the final solution,

1077
01:28:33,061 --> 01:28:36,952
and I must repeat how necessary it is

1078
01:28:36,977 --> 01:28:41,360
to initiate the relief measures
with us in the General Government.

1079
01:28:41,386 --> 01:28:43,960
Why not with us?

1080
01:28:43,986 --> 01:28:49,473
We cannot stand for the largest space
and become the kingdom's garbage dump,

1081
01:28:49,498 --> 01:28:54,884
where everyone sends their
Jews, gypsies and misfits,

1082
01:28:55,584 --> 01:28:59,891
while we are left with our own
Jews. Diseases, black trade, crime...

1083
01:28:59,925 --> 01:29:06,154
Sure, Dr. Bühler. So that you don't
stir things up again: Polish Jews first.

1084
01:29:06,180 --> 01:29:08,920
- Excuse me?
- You have my promise.

1085
01:29:08,946 --> 01:29:14,144
We start in the General Government.
Say hello to Governor General Frank.

1086
01:29:14,517 --> 01:29:19,713
May I take it that this
agreement is on the record?

1087
01:29:19,738 --> 01:29:22,336
- Obersturmbannführer?
- It is recorded.

1088
01:29:22,362 --> 01:29:28,060
May I assume that the Governor-General will
not get in the way of our plans any more?

1089
01:29:28,085 --> 01:29:31,190
That we lead the final solution?

1090
01:29:31,720 --> 01:29:35,109
- No more questions.
- Thankfully.

1091
01:29:36,861 --> 01:29:42,634
But I have a question. I don't
want to spoil the cheerful mood,

1092
01:29:42,660 --> 01:29:47,864
but since the beginning of the meeting I
have asked myself a fundamental question.

1093
01:29:47,889 --> 01:29:50,994
- Just ask. - Thanks.

1094
01:29:51,019 --> 01:29:57,239
You said a lot about the final solution,
but not much about concrete solutions.

1095
01:29:57,264 --> 01:30:00,393
I guess the RSHA know what they are doing.

1096
01:30:00,575 --> 01:30:07,673
I'm just wondering if we're talking about
a statement of intent or realistic goals.

1097
01:30:07,698 --> 01:30:10,838
I assure you that we are
not building castles in the air.

1098
01:30:11,344 --> 01:30:12,386
If you will allow me...

1099
01:30:12,921 --> 01:30:19,137
I have made calculations based
on reports from the response teams.

1100
01:30:19,162 --> 01:30:24,362
Take, for example, the special treatment
of Ukrainian Jews in late September,

1101
01:30:24,387 --> 01:30:28,198
conducted by Task Force C
under Obergruppenführer Jeckeln.

1102
01:30:28,224 --> 01:30:33,427
- One of our best.
- I mean the measures against the Jews in Kiev.

1103
01:30:34,155 --> 01:30:39,985
The Jewish population cooperated
thanks to appeasement measures,

1104
01:30:40,011 --> 01:30:44,164
and a natural gully could
be used for disposal.

1105
01:30:44,189 --> 01:30:46,729
So there was no need to dig pits.

1106
01:30:46,755 --> 01:30:49,379
I heard about it, Babij Jar Ravine.

1107
01:30:49,404 --> 01:30:53,563
- 6th Army participated, under von Reichenau.
- May he rest in peace.

1108
01:30:53,588 --> 01:31:00,851
That's what I want to get to. You
could say it was ideal conditions.

1109
01:31:00,877 --> 01:31:07,114
Nevertheless, the special
treatment took 33,771 Jews

1110
01:31:07,139 --> 01:31:10,233
36 hours to complete.

1111
01:31:10,258 --> 01:31:13,372
A thousand an hour.  What is wrong with that?

1112
01:31:13,397 --> 01:31:16,500
938 to be exact.

1113
01:31:16,525 --> 01:31:22,756
If one then counts on Obersturmbannführer
Eichmann's figure of eleven million,

1114
01:31:22,781 --> 01:31:27,967
it will be 11,720 hours,

1115
01:31:27,992 --> 01:31:31,105
or 488 days.

1116
01:31:32,159 --> 01:31:34,227
Where do you want to go?

1117
01:31:34,478 --> 01:31:40,899
Our men would have to do what
was done in Babij Jar for 488 days,

1118
01:31:40,925 --> 01:31:44,055
day and night without interruption.

1119
01:31:44,220 --> 01:31:47,333
Shoot Jews for 488 days.

1120
01:31:47,359 --> 01:31:51,958
Old, women and children.  938 per hour.

1121
01:31:51,983 --> 01:31:56,120
Please, your calculation
is quite hypothetical.

1122
01:31:56,145 --> 01:32:00,291
The work rests on many
axes in different places.

1123
01:32:00,316 --> 01:32:06,541
But we are talking about
eleven million cartridges.

1124
01:32:06,566 --> 01:32:08,637
Only if every shot hits.

1125
01:32:08,662 --> 01:32:12,809
We agree that we cannot
achieve it by arquebusing.

1126
01:32:12,834 --> 01:32:18,016
For that reason, we now build
facilities whose sole purpose is

1127
01:32:18,041 --> 01:32:21,154
to tackle this numerical problem.

1128
01:32:21,179 --> 01:32:28,448
Maybe it's because I'm older
than most here - or a priest's son,

1129
01:32:28,473 --> 01:32:32,493
but for me it is also a moral issue.

1130
01:32:32,535 --> 01:32:38,448
Sorry, but I don't have to listen to
that. "Poor Jews. Women and children."

1131
01:32:38,474 --> 01:32:41,581
We're doing our duty, and
you shouldn't throw crap at us.

1132
01:32:41,607 --> 01:32:44,721
- You misunderstand me.
- I understand very well.

1133
01:32:44,862 --> 01:32:48,993
You gave in to Comrade Lange
with your nonsense about humanity.

1134
01:32:49,019 --> 01:32:52,127
I must firmly defend the comrades.

1135
01:32:52,153 --> 01:32:57,358
The punishment of the Jews may
seem barbaric, but they deserved it.

1136
01:32:57,675 --> 01:33:03,901
I'm surprised we're talking about
this again. It's about self-defense.

1137
01:33:04,195 --> 01:33:07,300
Otherwise the Jews will destroy us.

1138
01:33:07,326 --> 01:33:10,772
Please, I don't
worry about the Jews.

1139
01:33:10,798 --> 01:33:14,957
I know that the end of history
is written for the Jewish race.

1140
01:33:15,213 --> 01:33:18,315
I only worry about our soldiers

1141
01:33:18,341 --> 01:33:23,565
and the psychological burden that
the Final Solution places on them.

1142
01:33:24,525 --> 01:33:27,645
For the Wehrmacht, SS and Ordnungspolizei?

1143
01:33:27,908 --> 01:33:33,105
It is about young people who
are not yet fully developed.

1144
01:33:33,130 --> 01:33:36,221
We were like that once too.

1145
01:33:36,246 --> 01:33:39,911
Experiences like the special treatment in Kyiv,

1146
01:33:39,937 --> 01:33:43,055
a mountain with over 33,000 people,

1147
01:33:43,550 --> 01:33:47,694
that inevitably leads to rudeness.

1148
01:33:47,719 --> 01:33:51,861
Sadism.  Mental illness and alcoholism.

1149
01:33:51,886 --> 01:33:56,031
I can speak for my men
and say we know our craft.

1150
01:33:56,056 --> 01:34:00,867
We shoot from behind with bayonets on when
they are on their knees. We rarely miss.

1151
01:34:00,893 --> 01:34:03,925
Imagine an orderly process.

1152
01:34:03,951 --> 01:34:09,636
So be it, but we want them to
return as healthy German men.

1153
01:34:10,132 --> 01:34:14,290
Real husbands for German
wives. Fathers of German children.

1154
01:34:14,829 --> 01:34:20,013
In our military hospitals the number of cases
of nervous diseases is very much increasing,

1155
01:34:20,038 --> 01:34:23,753
triggered by the difficult experiences in the East.

1156
01:34:23,779 --> 01:34:28,851
It cannot be denied. I was told
that some of the men who attended

1157
01:34:28,877 --> 01:34:32,534
were in worse condition than those who had been shot.

1158
01:34:32,559 --> 01:34:35,656
"Crudeness".  "Sadism".

1159
01:34:35,681 --> 01:34:40,874
Although one must be
merciless to the Jew in his service

1160
01:34:40,899 --> 01:34:42,993
is he still a decent German.

1161
01:34:43,449 --> 01:34:47,613
I can confirm that. There
is certainly a rough tone,

1162
01:34:48,201 --> 01:34:54,131
but no one steals, swears,
fights, or behaves dishonorably.

1163
01:34:54,157 --> 01:34:57,257
No one doubts your decency.

1164
01:34:57,283 --> 01:35:02,477
But I thank the Ministerial Council for
his question. It is important to consider.

1165
01:35:02,794 --> 01:35:07,982
Some who have just enthusiastically
advocated the final solution

1166
01:35:08,007 --> 01:35:13,192
become completely silent when
they actually see the final solution.

1167
01:35:13,217 --> 01:35:18,421
The Reichsführer-SS, if I may interject,
witnessed an arquebusing himself

1168
01:35:18,446 --> 01:35:22,583
and immediately gave orders
to find a more humane method.

1169
01:35:22,608 --> 01:35:26,748
More humane?  For our men, then?

1170
01:35:26,773 --> 01:35:28,839
Of course.

1171
01:35:28,864 --> 01:35:33,012
I promised that after our
meeting you would understand

1172
01:35:33,037 --> 01:35:37,185
that we can answer any questions
associated with the final solution.

1173
01:35:37,210 --> 01:35:38,624
Obersturmbannführer.

1174
01:35:38,948 --> 01:35:44,137
Behind the front line or where rail
transport would be too expensive

1175
01:35:44,382 --> 01:35:47,491
we can't do without arquebusing.

1176
01:35:47,631 --> 01:35:50,743
But for the final solution,
the method is too ineffective

1177
01:35:50,768 --> 01:35:55,937
and also negatively affects
the effectiveness of our men.

1178
01:35:55,962 --> 01:36:01,173
- The effectiveness of my men is...
- Dr. Schöngarth, I beg you.

1179
01:36:01,198 --> 01:36:08,461
The other methods, which are
more effective and less mentally taxing

1180
01:36:08,486 --> 01:36:12,634
is based on findings from the euthanasia
program at Zentraldienststelle T4.

1181
01:36:12,659 --> 01:36:16,799
- "Operation mercy killing"?
- It had to be canceled when people protested.

1182
01:36:16,824 --> 01:36:20,973
And the churches. They politely stay out
of the way regarding the Jewish transports,

1183
01:36:21,266 --> 01:36:23,331
but there was much shouting about the lunatics.

1184
01:36:23,364 --> 01:36:26,646
But they still managed about 70,000.

1185
01:36:26,672 --> 01:36:30,350
When it shut down they
started working for us.

1186
01:36:30,992 --> 01:36:36,201
Excuse. When we talk about Brack's
methods, are we talking about gas?

1187
01:36:36,227 --> 01:36:40,397
- That's right.
- What other means can give such high quotas?

1188
01:36:40,423 --> 01:36:44,961
Those of us who participated in the
World War have experienced what it means.

1189
01:36:44,987 --> 01:36:49,135
Gas. Poison gas. When
lying in the trenches.

1190
01:36:49,944 --> 01:36:54,574
I don't know what you think,
but to me the idea is hideous.

1191
01:36:54,600 --> 01:36:57,771
It was over 20 years
ago. A lot has happened.

1192
01:36:57,797 --> 01:37:01,636
Last month I inspected
the Kulmhof camp,

1193
01:37:01,661 --> 01:37:04,371
and the Bełżec camp,
under Hauptsturmführer Wirth.

1194
01:37:04,397 --> 01:37:06,467
Both use carbon monoxide.

1195
01:37:06,882 --> 01:37:11,026
In Kulmhof, special wagons with
airtight superstructures are used.

1196
01:37:11,051 --> 01:37:17,287
In Bełżec, there are rooms where gas is
piped from cylinders or armored car engines.

1197
01:37:17,312 --> 01:37:21,449
We also have new discoveries
from Obersturmbannführer Höss.

1198
01:37:21,474 --> 01:37:22,699
Who?

1199
01:37:22,725 --> 01:37:26,674
Commandant of a camp for Russian
prisoners of war in eastern Upper Silesia.

1200
01:37:26,699 --> 01:37:30,675
The Obergruppenführer mentioned it.  Auschwitz.

1201
01:37:30,701 --> 01:37:33,964
Höss's staff has achieved promising results

1202
01:37:33,989 --> 01:37:38,699
with an agent used for
pest control, Zyklon B.

1203
01:37:38,725 --> 01:37:41,268
Pest control?  Interesting.

1204
01:37:41,293 --> 01:37:44,825
Cargo holds on ships,
silos... Large-scale disinfection.

1205
01:37:44,937 --> 01:37:50,116
- Appropriate.
- And to contaminated uniforms.

1206
01:37:50,672 --> 01:37:54,829
The active substance is
hydrocyanic acid bound in granules.

1207
01:37:54,854 --> 01:37:57,949
On contact with air, a
fast-acting gas is released.

1208
01:37:57,974 --> 01:38:03,163
An accidental discovery. There
were accidents due to improper use.

1209
01:38:03,188 --> 01:38:05,435
So the comrades came up with it.

1210
01:38:05,462 --> 01:38:09,891
And so we make the wrong
practice the right practice.

1211
01:38:10,333 --> 01:38:11,376
Right.

1212
01:38:11,529 --> 01:38:16,725
We receive the granules in
practical containers, pre-portioned.

1213
01:38:16,750 --> 01:38:20,895
The manufacturer can also provide
it without adding warning substances.

1214
01:38:21,082 --> 01:38:24,422
When you notice the gas, it's too late.

1215
01:38:24,448 --> 01:38:31,322
According to Höss, last year's gassing of 900
Russian prisoners of war was extremely successful.

1216
01:38:31,347 --> 01:38:35,482
What will it be then?  Carbon monoxide or hydrocyanic acid.

1217
01:38:35,507 --> 01:38:38,618
Höss is convinced of his method.

1218
01:38:38,643 --> 01:38:43,282
It is still a thought experiment, but it
would be possible to transform Auschwitz,

1219
01:38:43,308 --> 01:38:45,374
from Russians to Jews.

1220
01:38:45,502 --> 01:38:49,647
I intend to propose to the Reichsführer-SS
that we move forward on all tracks.

1221
01:38:49,916 --> 01:38:52,292
Competition stimulates business.

1222
01:38:53,779 --> 01:38:57,946
How can we imagine
these processes in detail?

1223
01:38:58,460 --> 01:39:02,605
As I said, the Jews come
to the facilities by train.

1224
01:39:02,630 --> 01:39:07,823
They are then sorted according to work
ability and hand over their possessions.

1225
01:39:07,848 --> 01:39:14,849
Under the guise of disinfection, they
are then led to airtight gas chambers.

1226
01:39:14,875 --> 01:39:17,985
The active substance is supplied from outside.

1227
01:39:18,011 --> 01:39:24,250
The process itself, if performed correctly,
is completed in ten to fifteen minutes.

1228
01:39:24,527 --> 01:39:30,752
This is followed by ventilation of
the chamber, removal and disposal.

1229
01:39:30,777 --> 01:39:34,236
We plan combustion in
highly efficient furnaces.

1230
01:39:34,481 --> 01:39:38,054
In Auschwitz, models are already
being built by Topf & Söhne,

1231
01:39:38,079 --> 01:39:42,219
although of course we have
to expand capacity significantly.

1232
01:39:42,244 --> 01:39:47,446
From train to gas? So
there is no need for housing?

1233
01:39:47,926 --> 01:39:51,547
Extremely effective!

1234
01:39:51,573 --> 01:39:56,198
But don't these facilities risk causing
concern among the population in the area?

1235
01:39:56,224 --> 01:39:58,288
Just what I need - riot.

1236
01:39:58,594 --> 01:40:01,001
We value geographical distance.

1237
01:40:01,027 --> 01:40:06,209
The facilities require facades and
undeveloped areas in the direction of the wind

1238
01:40:06,234 --> 01:40:08,293
to avoid disturbing odors.

1239
01:40:08,318 --> 01:40:13,504
- How many facilities are there?
- Kulmhof is already relieving Litzmannstadt.

1240
01:40:13,805 --> 01:40:15,876
Bełżec will soon be ready for operation.

1241
01:40:15,937 --> 01:40:21,852
In the camp in Sobibór, construction will begin
soon. An area near Treblinka is being considered,

1242
01:40:21,877 --> 01:40:24,685
and Auschwitz is, as I said, a possibility.

1243
01:40:24,711 --> 01:40:30,315
- Do we have enough people for that many?
- The operation is not personnel-intensive.

1244
01:40:30,632 --> 01:40:33,328
Especially if we use Jews
and labor from outside.

1245
01:40:33,353 --> 01:40:40,611
Our men are mainly to keep order
and release the necessary gas.

1246
01:40:40,636 --> 01:40:44,792
But the sight of all the corpses,
the transport to the ovens...

1247
01:40:44,817 --> 01:40:50,007
It is carried out by working Jews,
who later also receive special treatment.

1248
01:40:50,032 --> 01:40:52,090
Elegant.

1249
01:40:52,463 --> 01:40:56,613
And is the facility's capacity
sufficient for the task?

1250
01:40:56,639 --> 01:41:01,856
We are in the planning phase. We
must find and optimize the processes.

1251
01:41:02,403 --> 01:41:07,603
But there are no technical obstacles to building
airtight chambers for a thousand people.

1252
01:41:07,750 --> 01:41:11,297
In Auschwitz there is
room for several chambers,

1253
01:41:11,323 --> 01:41:16,510
so that we can always manage
a fully loaded train in one round.

1254
01:41:16,758 --> 01:41:20,930
The process can of course be
repeated several times a day.

1255
01:41:22,066 --> 01:41:27,265
The Council of Ministers looks skeptical.

1256
01:41:27,478 --> 01:41:32,658
This might solve
our math problems,

1257
01:41:32,684 --> 01:41:36,855
but how exactly is it
better than arquebusing?

1258
01:41:37,921 --> 01:41:43,109
I have witnessed executions in the East and
the use of the special carriages in Kulmhof,

1259
01:41:43,135 --> 01:41:46,254
and I'm not ashamed to
say that both make me sick.

1260
01:41:46,280 --> 01:41:52,020
But the stationary facilities
enable a structured division of labor.

1261
01:41:52,046 --> 01:41:55,729
The person concerned and the person carrying
out the process barely come into contact.

1262
01:41:56,031 --> 01:41:59,138
No closeness and
nothing to arouse pity.

1263
01:41:59,880 --> 01:42:02,999
I and all the experts
involved are convinced:

1264
01:42:03,024 --> 01:42:08,213
This enables a pleasant technical,
efficient and anonymous process.

1265
01:42:08,238 --> 01:42:12,372
Our men can do it in an
extremely detached manner.

1266
01:42:12,397 --> 01:42:16,551
- Very impressive.
- The whole thing sounds well thought out.

1267
01:42:16,576 --> 01:42:20,717
- In deed.
- We are convinced of that.

1268
01:42:20,742 --> 01:42:24,893
- Do you share that assessment?
- Well, yes...

1269
01:42:24,918 --> 01:42:29,061
If it really spares us the
carnage of arquebusing

1270
01:42:29,086 --> 01:42:35,130
and our men are spared,
then it is a great relief to me.

1271
01:42:35,156 --> 01:42:39,306
The knowledge that we
have all done all we could,

1272
01:42:39,332 --> 01:42:44,220
although I would have preferred
if the Jews just went up in smoke.

1273
01:42:44,346 --> 01:42:47,447
Who wouldn't rather live in peace?

1274
01:42:47,473 --> 01:42:52,007
But fate has chosen our
generation to complete this task.

1275
01:42:52,393 --> 01:42:56,726
We can't refuse just
because it's disgusting.

1276
01:42:56,752 --> 01:43:00,378
We are the doctors of the German people.

1277
01:43:00,891 --> 01:43:05,049
No doctor likes sawing
off the leg of his patient,

1278
01:43:05,579 --> 01:43:10,799
but what if it is the only
way to save the patient's life.

1279
01:43:12,696 --> 01:43:14,792
Gentlemen, with that we are done.

1280
01:43:16,529 --> 01:43:21,969
If there are no more questions, I suggest
that you as authority representatives

1281
01:43:21,995 --> 01:43:23,966
continue the conversations with your advisors.

1282
01:43:23,993 --> 01:43:29,538
My advisor IV B4 will
contact your subdivisions.

1283
01:43:29,793 --> 01:43:33,228
- Are we getting a protocol?
- Also through us.

1284
01:43:33,254 --> 01:43:37,146
Then I thank you for
coming and pray once more

1285
01:43:37,172 --> 01:43:42,391
about your continued support
to implement the final solution.

1286
01:43:44,350 --> 01:43:47,468
That is all.

1287
01:44:04,417 --> 01:44:08,856
- My notes, Obersturmbannführer.
- We summarize it in the minutes.

1288
01:44:09,188 --> 01:44:13,866
- Can you give them to me this afternoon?
- I'll put a white paper on your desk.

1289
01:44:14,011 --> 01:44:17,154
I'll call a car that
can drive you to town.

1290
01:44:20,347 --> 01:44:23,484
- Good job, Eichmann.
- Thank you, Gruppenführer.

1291
01:44:35,971 --> 01:44:41,524
- Interesting day.
- Some things should be left to the younger ones to handle.

1292
01:44:42,054 --> 01:44:45,162
We'll see what happens
with the big plans.

1293
01:44:45,350 --> 01:44:49,498
I hope you didn't take offense
to my working document.

1294
01:44:49,849 --> 01:44:54,008
We are civil servants and
have a duty to our agencies.

1295
01:44:54,033 --> 01:44:58,176
I have spent so many years
of my life with Jewish laws

1296
01:44:58,201 --> 01:45:01,067
that I would like to avoid.

1297
01:45:01,093 --> 01:45:04,200
- You're not giving up, are you?
- Not without a fight.

1298
01:45:04,338 --> 01:45:08,483
I say goodbye. I have
another meeting in four hours.

1299
01:45:08,510 --> 01:45:10,695
Restructuring of the Ministry of Posts.

1300
01:45:10,720 --> 01:45:14,884
- You are certainly persistent.
- We all have to make sacrifices.

1301
01:45:25,473 --> 01:45:28,271
It wasn't that dangerous.

1302
01:45:28,297 --> 01:45:31,442
My need for conferences is
satisfied for the time being.

1303
01:45:35,966 --> 01:45:39,097
- You did well. - Well, yes...

1304
01:45:43,647 --> 01:45:46,726
I know of some fine
establishments in Berlin

1305
01:45:46,752 --> 01:45:50,921
where you can recover
in the most pleasant way.

1306
01:45:52,419 --> 01:45:54,502
It sounds interesting.

1307
01:46:13,272 --> 01:46:17,437
- Do you want one too?
- I won't say no to that.

1308
01:46:22,115 --> 01:46:24,201
Thanks.

1309
01:46:25,794 --> 01:46:27,844
A brandy, Obergruppenführer?

1310
01:46:27,869 --> 01:46:32,033
I have more meetings,
but don't let me stop you.

1311
01:46:32,491 --> 01:46:34,617
I hope you are satisfied.

1312
01:46:34,643 --> 01:46:40,355
Consent in the highest circles,
and no one doubts our leadership.

1313
01:46:40,380 --> 01:46:41,681
A successful event.

1314
01:46:41,707 --> 01:46:44,533
- The protocol as usual?
- First to me.

1315
01:46:44,558 --> 01:46:47,694
- Thirty copies?
- Sent as classified.

1316
01:46:48,070 --> 01:46:52,662
Use formal language as usual.
We don't want to scare anyone.

1317
01:46:52,688 --> 01:46:56,830
But the gentlemen should be able to
read what they have been involved in.

1318
01:46:56,856 --> 01:47:01,205
- No one should be able to say he didn't know.
- Understood.

1319
01:47:01,742 --> 01:47:05,908
Good. Today's goal achieved.
It was worth returning to Berlin.

1320
01:47:06,097 --> 01:47:08,182
I wish you a nice afternoon.

1321
01:47:08,208 --> 01:47:12,387
The same, Obergruppenführer.
And a pleasant journey home.

1322
01:48:04,694 --> 01:48:13,036
Six million Jews were killed
during the National Socialist regime.

1323
01:48:22,577 --> 01:48:26,747
Subtitles: Patrick Svensson
www.firstlightmedia.com