1 00:00:00,600 --> 00:00:02,933 (scratches) 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 3 00:00:05,818 --> 00:00:09,985 - [Ercole's Translator] I'll just sketch a few things. 4 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 5 00:00:14,917 --> 00:00:16,250 Yeah, let's see. 6 00:00:17,544 --> 00:00:19,877 I'll do something like this. 7 00:00:30,249 --> 00:00:32,804 I don't know whether it looks good or bad. 8 00:00:32,804 --> 00:00:34,554 I'm just improvising. 9 00:00:42,329 --> 00:00:43,162 Once more. 10 00:00:50,674 --> 00:00:53,548 I'm sure there are two different forms of life. 11 00:00:53,548 --> 00:00:55,142 The canonical one. 12 00:00:55,142 --> 00:00:56,367 We are born with numbers and 13 00:00:56,367 --> 00:00:58,466 our life runs along these numbers. 14 00:00:58,466 --> 00:01:01,466 We even forget our individual names. 15 00:01:03,175 --> 00:01:06,360 Then there's another with its own impetus. 16 00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:07,803 The unconscious. 17 00:01:07,803 --> 00:01:10,595 It takes decisions and remembers things. 18 00:01:10,595 --> 00:01:13,262 It surfaces at the right moment. 19 00:01:15,099 --> 00:01:16,849 In fact, my philosophy is: 20 00:01:16,849 --> 00:01:18,562 when you lose something meaningful, 21 00:01:18,562 --> 00:01:20,053 don't go looking for it. 22 00:01:20,053 --> 00:01:23,886 Sooner or later, it will come looking for you. 23 00:01:25,695 --> 00:01:27,894 It always happens that way. 24 00:01:27,894 --> 00:01:28,727 Always. 25 00:01:32,780 --> 00:01:35,197 (car starts) 26 00:01:40,607 --> 00:01:43,190 (upbeat music) 27 00:02:31,911 --> 00:02:35,685 Both a beautiful woman and a beautiful car 28 00:02:35,685 --> 00:02:39,001 make you want to seduce, feel free, 29 00:02:39,001 --> 00:02:40,334 reach your goal. 30 00:02:41,826 --> 00:02:44,392 Either to seduce a beautiful woman 31 00:02:44,392 --> 00:02:46,582 or in the case of a car, 32 00:02:46,582 --> 00:02:49,026 to reach a certain distant goal, 33 00:02:49,026 --> 00:02:53,324 maybe in order to seduce a beautiful woman. 34 00:02:53,324 --> 00:02:55,907 (upbeat music) 35 00:03:27,368 --> 00:03:29,868 (engine revs) 36 00:03:38,036 --> 00:03:39,823 - [Marcello's Translator] I count myself lucky because 37 00:03:39,823 --> 00:03:42,758 I lead my entire life pursuing my passion, 38 00:03:42,758 --> 00:03:44,061 starting at the age of four when 39 00:03:44,061 --> 00:03:46,311 I was given an erector set. 40 00:03:51,411 --> 00:03:54,093 I went through a theoretical phase at first. 41 00:03:54,093 --> 00:03:58,260 A phase of many drawings and few, if any, creations. 42 00:04:02,589 --> 00:04:04,734 When I started working on car bodies, 43 00:04:04,734 --> 00:04:06,734 things changed a little. 44 00:04:07,594 --> 00:04:09,883 Especially when I had the chance to participate 45 00:04:09,883 --> 00:04:12,466 in the planning of automobiles. 46 00:04:14,960 --> 00:04:18,099 Real and important ones, like this one. 47 00:04:18,099 --> 00:04:20,849 (ethereal music) 48 00:04:36,243 --> 00:04:40,548 - You know, designing a car is not just the idea. 49 00:04:40,548 --> 00:04:44,423 It's not bring an idea, two tailfins or whatever. 50 00:04:44,423 --> 00:04:46,622 It's how you interpret this idea. 51 00:04:46,622 --> 00:04:47,836 And to interpret this idea, 52 00:04:47,836 --> 00:04:49,904 you have to have a good sense of proportion. 53 00:04:49,904 --> 00:04:51,321 That's essential. 54 00:04:53,732 --> 00:04:57,651 I am a pure designer, so I like the aesthetics. 55 00:04:57,651 --> 00:05:00,122 I'm not a good engineer. (laughs) 56 00:05:00,122 --> 00:05:03,872 But everyone has their own specialty, we say. 57 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:21,262 - [Lorenzo's Translator] Design is considered to be 58 00:05:21,262 --> 00:05:23,440 the utmost talent in our country. 59 00:05:23,440 --> 00:05:26,981 We are seen as an intensely creative people. 60 00:05:26,981 --> 00:05:28,573 With our creativity expressing itself 61 00:05:28,573 --> 00:05:30,502 through furnishings, fashion, 62 00:05:30,502 --> 00:05:33,419 and also through automobile design. 63 00:05:35,153 --> 00:05:36,173 For a young man who wanted to 64 00:05:36,173 --> 00:05:38,440 become part of the automobile world, 65 00:05:38,440 --> 00:05:41,857 the 1960's were a paradise of creativity. 66 00:05:44,555 --> 00:05:46,493 The era was extremely fertile because 67 00:05:46,493 --> 00:05:49,819 year after year, auto show after auto show, 68 00:05:49,819 --> 00:05:52,158 we always looked for new expressions, 69 00:05:52,158 --> 00:05:55,198 more radical and extreme shapes. 70 00:05:55,198 --> 00:05:57,615 (rock music) 71 00:06:05,253 --> 00:06:08,580 - In 1958, Italy, and Torino in particular, 72 00:06:08,580 --> 00:06:11,381 was the center of design the world over. 73 00:06:11,381 --> 00:06:13,501 You had automobile design in Italy, 74 00:06:13,501 --> 00:06:15,031 directors of all the big companies 75 00:06:15,031 --> 00:06:17,792 came to Torino for the automobile show 76 00:06:17,792 --> 00:06:20,792 to see the latest styling exercises. 77 00:06:28,718 --> 00:06:31,257 - [Translator] I am a child of the 1960's, 78 00:06:31,257 --> 00:06:33,345 raised on bread and automobiles. 79 00:06:33,345 --> 00:06:36,699 The cars back then were more and more concept cars 80 00:06:36,699 --> 00:06:39,407 and less and less automobiles. 81 00:06:39,407 --> 00:06:41,617 Cars like the Carabo and Modulo 82 00:06:41,617 --> 00:06:45,183 seemed more like spaceships than functioning automobiles. 83 00:06:45,183 --> 00:06:48,433 In those days it was a dream come true. 84 00:06:49,801 --> 00:06:50,972 - [Second Translator] The post-war period 85 00:06:50,972 --> 00:06:54,106 began with the Vespa and continued with the V8600, 86 00:06:54,106 --> 00:06:56,106 the Fiat 500, and so on. 87 00:07:03,425 --> 00:07:04,258 - [Marcello's Translator] Innovations became 88 00:07:04,258 --> 00:07:08,212 an important factor in the automobile industry in general 89 00:07:08,212 --> 00:07:12,290 and with regards to the car bodies in particular. 90 00:07:12,290 --> 00:07:13,305 You could create things that 91 00:07:13,305 --> 00:07:16,055 turned out to be very successful. 92 00:07:17,569 --> 00:07:20,069 (engine revs) 93 00:07:24,239 --> 00:07:27,293 (upbeat music) 94 00:07:27,293 --> 00:07:29,710 (horn honks) 95 00:07:38,525 --> 00:07:40,723 I had a storehouse of desires 96 00:07:40,723 --> 00:07:44,723 and little by little, I filled the pigeon holes. 97 00:07:47,817 --> 00:07:51,984 And the Miura was the opportunity to pull out some of them. 98 00:08:05,263 --> 00:08:07,184 In those days, no one would think 99 00:08:07,184 --> 00:08:09,503 of making headlights for a showroom prototype 100 00:08:09,503 --> 00:08:11,723 or limited production. 101 00:08:11,723 --> 00:08:14,373 So they used whatever was around. 102 00:08:14,373 --> 00:08:16,956 For example, the headlights for the 850 Spider, 103 00:08:16,956 --> 00:08:20,039 they did the same with the taillight. 104 00:08:23,650 --> 00:08:26,141 But it was a shame to see a car like that realized 105 00:08:26,141 --> 00:08:28,974 with headlights taken from a Fiat. 106 00:08:30,867 --> 00:08:35,034 So my idea was to try to mask them with these flaps. 107 00:08:37,331 --> 00:08:40,378 Originally, they were used for the interior ventilation, 108 00:08:40,378 --> 00:08:43,795 but they really served no purpose at all. 109 00:08:47,673 --> 00:08:50,256 (upbeat music) 110 00:08:57,674 --> 00:08:58,707 - [Filippo's Translator] The day I was hired 111 00:08:58,707 --> 00:09:00,943 was the happiest day of my life. 112 00:09:00,943 --> 00:09:03,546 It was like stepping into a magical world, 113 00:09:03,546 --> 00:09:06,552 being part of this special community. 114 00:09:06,552 --> 00:09:09,385 Back then we were called stylists. 115 00:09:10,816 --> 00:09:14,243 We built cars in an era of optimism, 116 00:09:14,243 --> 00:09:17,493 never worrying about automobile safety. 117 00:09:22,733 --> 00:09:24,589 We believed that someday in the future, 118 00:09:24,589 --> 00:09:26,386 cars would be able to spread their wings 119 00:09:26,386 --> 00:09:27,886 and just take off. 120 00:09:49,703 --> 00:09:51,276 - [Giancarlo's Translator] With ingenuity, first of all, 121 00:09:51,276 --> 00:09:53,443 imagination and ingenuity. 122 00:09:55,436 --> 00:09:57,873 We even made cars without any drafts. 123 00:09:57,873 --> 00:10:00,373 It was all in our imagination. 124 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:03,535 I'm no designer. 125 00:10:03,535 --> 00:10:05,618 Mr. Gandini is a stylist. 126 00:10:07,911 --> 00:10:11,328 I'm a metalworker, but still I made cars. 127 00:10:12,488 --> 00:10:13,907 When I was making Ferraris, 128 00:10:13,907 --> 00:10:17,240 they had to be gutsy but also beautiful. 129 00:10:18,648 --> 00:10:20,315 I liked making them. 130 00:10:22,801 --> 00:10:25,301 (light music) 131 00:11:07,973 --> 00:11:09,658 - [Aldo's Translator] It was a fabulous period 132 00:11:09,658 --> 00:11:12,961 because automobiles were starting to be considered 133 00:11:12,961 --> 00:11:14,128 pieces of art. 134 00:11:20,401 --> 00:11:22,675 Like an object that needs shaping 135 00:11:22,675 --> 00:11:26,592 and not something technical, solely mechanical. 136 00:11:29,268 --> 00:11:33,435 So they began thinking about sprucing up the automobiles. 137 00:11:34,839 --> 00:11:38,616 You could indulge in your own ingenuity. 138 00:11:38,616 --> 00:11:40,190 That's why during that period, 139 00:11:40,190 --> 00:11:43,056 cars came out which are considered milestones 140 00:11:43,056 --> 00:11:45,889 in automotive history, even today. 141 00:11:50,505 --> 00:11:53,005 (jazzy music) 142 00:12:00,562 --> 00:12:03,508 - [Leonardo's Translator] Style is a way of feeling. 143 00:12:03,508 --> 00:12:05,953 If you have ingenuity and the talent 144 00:12:05,953 --> 00:12:10,120 to shape your own ideas, that's imagination I think. 145 00:12:16,447 --> 00:12:18,377 If you're lucky enough to have both 146 00:12:18,377 --> 00:12:22,544 ingenuity and imagination, I think that's called creativity. 147 00:12:30,041 --> 00:12:32,123 Passion came from driving. 148 00:12:32,123 --> 00:12:34,616 I started driving at 12. 149 00:12:34,616 --> 00:12:37,053 Shortly afterwards I began spending time 150 00:12:37,053 --> 00:12:40,459 at the Monza Racetrack in the car of friends 151 00:12:40,459 --> 00:12:43,322 who already owned a license. 152 00:12:43,322 --> 00:12:45,830 Back in those days, I was more interested in 153 00:12:45,830 --> 00:12:47,747 driving than designing. 154 00:12:49,704 --> 00:12:54,073 I even began racing cars before I had a license. 155 00:12:54,073 --> 00:12:55,850 I'd go to Monza with friends, 156 00:12:55,850 --> 00:12:59,893 we'd rent the track which didn't cost much back then. 157 00:12:59,893 --> 00:13:01,565 One or two of us had a license 158 00:13:01,565 --> 00:13:04,487 but the others drove without one. 159 00:13:04,487 --> 00:13:08,487 It was a closed circuit, so it wasn't dangerous. 160 00:13:16,775 --> 00:13:17,608 - [Giancarlo's Translator] At the beginning of 161 00:13:17,608 --> 00:13:21,354 the last century, when the automobile saw the light of day, 162 00:13:21,354 --> 00:13:24,385 Turin was a very beautiful, elegant city. 163 00:13:24,385 --> 00:13:27,225 The filmmaking industry and the great fashion houses 164 00:13:27,225 --> 00:13:29,081 were in Turin, all in the wake 165 00:13:29,081 --> 00:13:31,756 of the once-present Royal House. 166 00:13:31,756 --> 00:13:33,781 Carriage production was important 167 00:13:33,781 --> 00:13:37,948 and it was done here because the clientele was here. 168 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:42,191 - [Filippo's Translator] History says it's origins come 169 00:13:42,191 --> 00:13:43,756 from the valleys around Turin, 170 00:13:43,756 --> 00:13:47,569 where there are boilermakers who work with copper. 171 00:13:47,569 --> 00:13:51,736 That's where the expertise of shaping sheet metal came from. 172 00:13:53,209 --> 00:13:54,718 - [Giancarlo's Translator] Automobiles were made with 173 00:13:54,718 --> 00:13:57,234 a frame just like carriages. 174 00:13:57,234 --> 00:13:59,161 And engines substituted the horses 175 00:13:59,161 --> 00:14:02,725 and on top of it, they built a car body. 176 00:14:02,725 --> 00:14:05,396 A craft is born, it spreads. 177 00:14:05,396 --> 00:14:08,065 Some go to work for a company to learn the craft 178 00:14:08,065 --> 00:14:11,114 and afterwards found their own companies. 179 00:14:11,114 --> 00:14:13,761 The same goes for the automotive industry, 180 00:14:13,761 --> 00:14:15,892 for the people that built the engines, 181 00:14:15,892 --> 00:14:18,142 the frames, the car bodies, 182 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:21,652 - [Translator] In the beginning, there was a high level 183 00:14:21,652 --> 00:14:24,319 of manufacturing specialization. 184 00:14:26,533 --> 00:14:29,008 It allowed for the making of functioning prototypes, 185 00:14:29,008 --> 00:14:32,243 from the 1920's to the post-war 1950's. 186 00:14:32,243 --> 00:14:33,747 And a wealthy clientele that 187 00:14:33,747 --> 00:14:36,497 could afford these unique models. 188 00:14:37,810 --> 00:14:38,907 - You know, there are many people involved 189 00:14:38,907 --> 00:14:42,205 in the carriage design before the war. 190 00:14:42,205 --> 00:14:44,732 And I think it was just a natural ability. 191 00:14:44,732 --> 00:14:47,132 They could design what they called panel beaters. 192 00:14:47,132 --> 00:14:49,408 They could make cars by hand. 193 00:14:49,408 --> 00:14:51,752 In no other place in the world could you do this. 194 00:14:51,752 --> 00:14:52,661 - [Giancarlo's Translator] There's a culture, 195 00:14:52,661 --> 00:14:54,950 a craftsmanship which was once handed down 196 00:14:54,950 --> 00:14:59,491 from father to son and now from one colleague to another. 197 00:14:59,491 --> 00:15:02,162 Forging the metal for wheels was the craft of 198 00:15:02,162 --> 00:15:05,701 the Bertone founder, Nuccio Bertone's father. 199 00:15:05,701 --> 00:15:07,687 That was his specialty. 200 00:15:07,687 --> 00:15:10,111 Naturally, the most capable craftsman 201 00:15:10,111 --> 00:15:11,664 were the most sought-after and 202 00:15:11,664 --> 00:15:14,220 if they had a natural sense of business, 203 00:15:14,220 --> 00:15:16,970 they'd create their own workshop. 204 00:15:18,350 --> 00:15:19,903 - [Lorenzo's Translator] The successful auto body workers 205 00:15:19,903 --> 00:15:21,644 from an industrial point of view 206 00:15:21,644 --> 00:15:23,709 were those who managed the transition from 207 00:15:23,709 --> 00:15:26,331 being craftsmen, working on a single piece, 208 00:15:26,331 --> 00:15:28,637 to becoming businessmen. 209 00:15:28,637 --> 00:15:31,987 In the 1950's, they produced thousands of units. 210 00:15:31,987 --> 00:15:36,154 I'm thinking especially of Pininfarina and Bertone. 211 00:15:40,351 --> 00:15:41,184 - [Giancarlo's Translator] It's a bit like 212 00:15:41,184 --> 00:15:42,714 the Silicon Valley. 213 00:15:42,714 --> 00:15:45,112 A famous designer, Fioravanti, 214 00:15:45,112 --> 00:15:47,610 once called it the Car Valley because 215 00:15:47,610 --> 00:15:51,527 building an automobile became an industry here. 216 00:15:52,458 --> 00:15:54,958 (funky music) 217 00:16:10,829 --> 00:16:12,175 - [Lorenzo's Translator] In the post-war period, 218 00:16:12,175 --> 00:16:14,306 Italian auto body workers, partly because of 219 00:16:14,306 --> 00:16:16,886 their great creative abilities and partly because 220 00:16:16,886 --> 00:16:18,162 they had worked very hard 221 00:16:18,162 --> 00:16:20,182 to recreate the pre-war conditions, 222 00:16:20,182 --> 00:16:21,539 were the first to understand 223 00:16:21,539 --> 00:16:24,456 that standards had totally changed. 224 00:16:29,831 --> 00:16:32,671 The emerging mass automotive industry in Europe 225 00:16:32,671 --> 00:16:34,985 greatly relied upon Italian designers 226 00:16:34,985 --> 00:16:38,235 to design the cars for mass production. 227 00:16:40,092 --> 00:16:42,511 Let's take Pininfarina, who worked for Peuegot 228 00:16:42,511 --> 00:16:45,424 and Austin Morris, or Michelotti, 229 00:16:45,424 --> 00:16:46,845 who worked for Triumph. 230 00:16:46,845 --> 00:16:49,629 Michelotti made the first BMW 1500, 231 00:16:49,629 --> 00:16:52,046 the blueprint for all others. 232 00:16:52,951 --> 00:16:57,616 Bertone worked for NSU Prints and also for BMW. 233 00:16:57,616 --> 00:16:59,129 All Italian auto body workers 234 00:16:59,129 --> 00:17:01,130 worked with foreign manufacturers 235 00:17:01,130 --> 00:17:04,646 and built a network of knowledge and competence. 236 00:17:04,646 --> 00:17:06,359 That allowed them to expand their activity 237 00:17:06,359 --> 00:17:10,526 as auto body workers to becoming design consultants. 238 00:17:12,544 --> 00:17:14,871 This enabled them to establish design offices 239 00:17:14,871 --> 00:17:17,421 in order to create trends and to influence 240 00:17:17,421 --> 00:17:20,594 the European automotive industry. 241 00:17:20,594 --> 00:17:23,094 (funky music) 242 00:17:58,079 --> 00:17:59,952 - After the war, some cars were designed in Italy 243 00:17:59,952 --> 00:18:02,861 that are sold for phenomenal prices today. 244 00:18:02,861 --> 00:18:04,941 People cannot design, they never 245 00:18:04,941 --> 00:18:07,898 designed with a pencil or paper. 246 00:18:07,898 --> 00:18:11,479 They did it by hand, by instinct. 247 00:18:11,479 --> 00:18:12,361 - [Filippo's Translator] These people had 248 00:18:12,361 --> 00:18:13,295 gained their experiences 249 00:18:13,295 --> 00:18:16,329 before the era of the stylists. 250 00:18:16,329 --> 00:18:17,747 Pininfarina, Bertone, and others 251 00:18:17,747 --> 00:18:19,949 were able to create models completely 252 00:18:19,949 --> 00:18:23,949 without the help of any kind of draft or sketch. 253 00:18:26,504 --> 00:18:27,337 - [Giancarlo's Translator] It's a matter 254 00:18:27,337 --> 00:18:28,671 of innate creativity. 255 00:18:28,671 --> 00:18:30,895 In those days, we saw how people without 256 00:18:30,895 --> 00:18:34,395 any formal education became great masters. 257 00:18:35,870 --> 00:18:38,233 One example is Giancarlo Guerra, 258 00:18:38,233 --> 00:18:39,960 who out of nothing gave form to 259 00:18:39,960 --> 00:18:43,385 fantastic automobiles for Ferrari. 260 00:18:43,385 --> 00:18:45,959 He would simply envisage them. 261 00:18:45,959 --> 00:18:48,200 We've known people like Gandini. 262 00:18:48,200 --> 00:18:52,185 If Giugiaro was the Michelangelo of Italian design, 263 00:18:52,185 --> 00:18:54,946 he'd be the Leonardo da Vinci because 264 00:18:54,946 --> 00:18:57,311 he was more interested in the technique, 265 00:18:57,311 --> 00:18:59,561 the engineering side of it. 266 00:19:02,069 --> 00:19:02,902 - [Giancarlo's Translator] I only finished 267 00:19:02,902 --> 00:19:04,001 elementary school. 268 00:19:04,001 --> 00:19:05,963 I had a special feel for things 269 00:19:05,963 --> 00:19:07,730 and I instructed the engineers. 270 00:19:07,730 --> 00:19:09,813 They were under my wings. 271 00:19:16,190 --> 00:19:17,023 - [Marcello's Translator] I spent many years 272 00:19:17,023 --> 00:19:19,579 in secondary school but later on, 273 00:19:19,579 --> 00:19:21,329 I designed on my own. 274 00:19:23,761 --> 00:19:27,996 I loved racing cars so I drew them all the time. 275 00:19:27,996 --> 00:19:29,500 I was interested in the shape, 276 00:19:29,500 --> 00:19:32,517 but especially the basic concepts and the mechanics, 277 00:19:32,517 --> 00:19:35,767 even if I didn't know much at the time. 278 00:19:41,797 --> 00:19:43,539 - [Giancarlo's Translator] They'd give me a mono-block, 279 00:19:43,539 --> 00:19:45,622 a shell, four old wheels. 280 00:19:46,792 --> 00:19:51,544 I'd position the static load and then I'd place a cord. 281 00:19:51,544 --> 00:19:53,289 I didn't need anything else. 282 00:19:53,289 --> 00:19:56,202 I'd only use a calibrated cord, that was it. 283 00:19:56,202 --> 00:19:59,482 And from that I'd create the whole shape. 284 00:19:59,482 --> 00:20:01,241 I drew sketches at home. 285 00:20:01,241 --> 00:20:02,814 I used wooden blocks to indicate the 286 00:20:02,814 --> 00:20:05,570 encumberence of the carburetors. 287 00:20:05,570 --> 00:20:07,570 That's how we made cars. 288 00:20:14,268 --> 00:20:15,910 - [Paolo's Translator] I've always liked to build things. 289 00:20:15,910 --> 00:20:18,700 As a child, I'd build small objects and toys, 290 00:20:18,700 --> 00:20:22,596 trying to imitate or reinvent what was around me. 291 00:20:22,596 --> 00:20:26,069 I was lucky to meet a great master in the 1960's. 292 00:20:26,069 --> 00:20:27,741 It was Giovanni Michelotti 293 00:20:27,741 --> 00:20:29,908 who taught me how to draw. 294 00:20:39,503 --> 00:20:42,808 I knew how to sketch, but I didn't know what to sketch. 295 00:20:42,808 --> 00:20:46,975 Michelotti taught me to transfer my dreams into automobiles. 296 00:20:51,827 --> 00:20:55,490 I don't follow archetypes, I don't read magazines. 297 00:20:55,490 --> 00:20:57,625 I don't go to showrooms. 298 00:20:57,625 --> 00:20:59,775 I like to invent. 299 00:20:59,775 --> 00:21:02,287 I think this was my-- 300 00:21:02,287 --> 00:21:04,870 not luck, but my way of living. 301 00:21:06,367 --> 00:21:08,867 (jazzy music) 302 00:21:22,188 --> 00:21:25,042 The Fiat 130 came into being with the Rolls. 303 00:21:25,042 --> 00:21:26,532 The Rolls Camargue. 304 00:21:26,532 --> 00:21:28,690 The only car in the entire history of that brand 305 00:21:28,690 --> 00:21:31,778 which was designed by an Italian. 306 00:21:31,778 --> 00:21:33,511 The English one is something Italian, 307 00:21:33,511 --> 00:21:35,022 and the straight lines, 308 00:21:35,022 --> 00:21:37,352 so different from the traditional roles, 309 00:21:37,352 --> 00:21:39,269 influence the Fiat 130. 310 00:21:40,972 --> 00:21:42,308 The configuration was very similar. 311 00:21:42,308 --> 00:21:45,741 In fact, some called it the younger sister. 312 00:21:45,741 --> 00:21:47,080 The similarity is obvious. 313 00:21:47,080 --> 00:21:49,080 I'm the first to say so. 314 00:22:15,468 --> 00:22:18,171 - [Ercole's Translator] My adventure began at preschool age, 315 00:22:18,171 --> 00:22:19,655 because I always drew automobiles 316 00:22:19,655 --> 00:22:22,413 and liked copying them from magazines too, 317 00:22:22,413 --> 00:22:24,663 whenever I had one at hand. 318 00:22:29,279 --> 00:22:32,699 In my parent's house there was this magazine lying around, 319 00:22:32,699 --> 00:22:35,543 the Reale Automobile Club of Italy. 320 00:22:35,543 --> 00:22:37,638 A rather large magazine in black and white 321 00:22:37,638 --> 00:22:41,805 telling you everything about the world of automobiles. 322 00:22:45,447 --> 00:22:47,296 These things fascinated me. 323 00:22:47,296 --> 00:22:49,446 The ads which promoted the cars, 324 00:22:49,446 --> 00:22:51,664 as well as the reports on the races. 325 00:22:51,664 --> 00:22:53,184 The Grand Prix of those days, 326 00:22:53,184 --> 00:22:56,241 the battles between Alfa Romeo and the Germans. 327 00:22:56,241 --> 00:22:58,707 The Mercedes and the Auto Union. 328 00:22:58,707 --> 00:22:59,884 I even took an interest in 329 00:22:59,884 --> 00:23:02,717 the ads for automobile components. 330 00:23:07,711 --> 00:23:10,128 (rock music) 331 00:23:15,879 --> 00:23:17,254 - [Leonardo's Translator] At 12, I would steal 332 00:23:17,254 --> 00:23:20,192 my father's car keys, these longish straight things 333 00:23:20,192 --> 00:23:22,566 used for the Fiat 1100 334 00:23:22,566 --> 00:23:25,876 and the Fiat 500, the Topolino. 335 00:23:25,876 --> 00:23:28,399 I'd drive around while he was asleep. 336 00:23:28,399 --> 00:23:31,026 When he finally started teaching me how to drive, 337 00:23:31,026 --> 00:23:33,943 he said, you're a very good driver. 338 00:23:35,702 --> 00:23:38,633 - [Marcello's Translator] In 1955, '56, 339 00:23:38,633 --> 00:23:40,683 I was designing cars where you had to lie 340 00:23:40,683 --> 00:23:42,882 so flat on your back that you 341 00:23:42,882 --> 00:23:45,859 looked at the road from between your feet. 342 00:23:45,859 --> 00:23:48,035 I'd lie on the bed to see how you could drive, 343 00:23:48,035 --> 00:23:51,567 looking out from between your feet. 344 00:23:51,567 --> 00:23:52,635 - [Aldo's Translator] I liked driving. 345 00:23:52,635 --> 00:23:56,745 In fact, even as a young man I owned sports cars. 346 00:23:56,745 --> 00:23:58,700 Obviously not the ones I had designed, 347 00:23:58,700 --> 00:24:01,200 but still I always liked them. 348 00:24:02,594 --> 00:24:04,736 - [Leonardo's Translator] We'd have contests of carspotting, 349 00:24:04,736 --> 00:24:07,684 of recognizing cars not by their shapes, 350 00:24:07,684 --> 00:24:10,838 but by a picture of their taillights. 351 00:24:10,838 --> 00:24:13,755 We'd identify them by their screws. 352 00:24:16,887 --> 00:24:18,288 - [Translator] I'd hang out in the garages 353 00:24:18,288 --> 00:24:22,455 to get to know the materials the components were made of. 354 00:24:27,083 --> 00:24:27,916 - [Marcello's Translator] Back then, 355 00:24:27,916 --> 00:24:30,499 uphill races were very popular. 356 00:24:34,415 --> 00:24:35,566 - [Translator] Both racing cars and 357 00:24:35,566 --> 00:24:38,316 tuned ordinary cars participated. 358 00:24:40,238 --> 00:24:41,742 The suspension system in the engine 359 00:24:41,742 --> 00:24:44,575 had been manipulated a little bit. 360 00:24:50,433 --> 00:24:54,600 But they were actually slower than the standard ones. 361 00:24:56,710 --> 00:24:58,049 - [Leonardo's Translator] We kids would borrow 362 00:24:58,049 --> 00:25:02,132 our parent's cars, making up some kind of excuse. 363 00:25:08,739 --> 00:25:10,647 - [Ercole's Translator] This is a luxury car, 364 00:25:10,647 --> 00:25:12,456 American style. 365 00:25:12,456 --> 00:25:14,622 I set my drawings in front of a mansion. 366 00:25:14,622 --> 00:25:16,455 This is the main gate. 367 00:25:18,664 --> 00:25:22,831 Here's a super sports car in the lineup to the Mille Miglia. 368 00:25:25,174 --> 00:25:26,424 An uphill race. 369 00:25:30,144 --> 00:25:34,311 A convertible on a scenic route, close to the water. 370 00:25:36,998 --> 00:25:40,165 A racing car positioned at a pit stop. 371 00:25:45,025 --> 00:25:46,804 Even a small truck. 372 00:25:46,804 --> 00:25:51,138 I like to invent promotional vehicles like these. 373 00:25:51,138 --> 00:25:55,577 For example, this was for Coca-Cola, or this one. 374 00:25:55,577 --> 00:25:58,494 I liked to invent things like that. 375 00:25:59,679 --> 00:26:02,262 (upbeat music) 376 00:26:11,674 --> 00:26:14,472 - [Aldo's Translator] The Dino is a very important call. 377 00:26:14,472 --> 00:26:17,222 It was Sergio Pininfarina's idea. 378 00:26:19,993 --> 00:26:24,494 I designed my version of it and they chose it. 379 00:26:24,494 --> 00:26:25,411 This is it. 380 00:26:27,230 --> 00:26:29,317 This car had a rear engine. 381 00:26:29,317 --> 00:26:32,004 That's why the front is lower than usual. 382 00:26:32,004 --> 00:26:33,837 Its bumpers protruded. 383 00:26:35,839 --> 00:26:37,839 It's an outstanding car. 384 00:26:39,062 --> 00:26:40,616 When Ferrari accepted the design 385 00:26:40,616 --> 00:26:43,381 and started the production, it turned out to be 386 00:26:43,381 --> 00:26:46,964 the car with the highest sales volume ever. 387 00:26:51,986 --> 00:26:52,834 - [Leonardo's Translator] The vehicles of 388 00:26:52,834 --> 00:26:55,880 other car designers of the time were more catchy. 389 00:26:55,880 --> 00:26:59,308 The ones Pininfarina designed were considered well, 390 00:26:59,308 --> 00:27:01,407 to be interesting. 391 00:27:01,407 --> 00:27:04,412 A few years later the others had disappeared 392 00:27:04,412 --> 00:27:08,276 and Pininfarina's became more and more beautiful 393 00:27:08,276 --> 00:27:09,526 as time passed. 394 00:27:13,563 --> 00:27:15,188 - [Aldo's Translator] All the Pininfarina vehicles 395 00:27:15,188 --> 00:27:17,688 are austere, except for a few. 396 00:27:19,488 --> 00:27:22,071 A unique example is the Modulo. 397 00:27:26,827 --> 00:27:28,433 - [Paolo's Translator] The Pininfarina management 398 00:27:28,433 --> 00:27:30,714 didn't want to produce the Modulo. 399 00:27:30,714 --> 00:27:35,292 In fact, they hid it under a tarp for six months. 400 00:27:35,292 --> 00:27:36,914 One day Pininfarina asked me, 401 00:27:36,914 --> 00:27:38,822 how on earth could you make a-- 402 00:27:38,822 --> 00:27:40,797 he didn't even want to call it a car. 403 00:27:40,797 --> 00:27:42,297 A thing like that? 404 00:27:45,315 --> 00:27:48,186 And I said, sir, it wasn't supposed to be an automobile, 405 00:27:48,186 --> 00:27:50,103 it's as simple as that. 406 00:27:53,836 --> 00:27:55,679 - [Giancarlo's Translator] The basis of the Italian design 407 00:27:55,679 --> 00:27:59,110 was this: ability to be creative, to have that 408 00:27:59,110 --> 00:28:01,328 special feel for the shapes, 409 00:28:01,328 --> 00:28:05,495 even without being a trained designer or a stylist. 410 00:28:10,803 --> 00:28:13,308 - [Aldo's Translator] Pininfarina himself didn't design, 411 00:28:13,308 --> 00:28:15,488 but he had good taste. 412 00:28:15,488 --> 00:28:17,846 He knew how to select. 413 00:28:17,846 --> 00:28:19,884 He'd correct and optimize the ideas 414 00:28:19,884 --> 00:28:22,634 that our imagination had created. 415 00:28:24,432 --> 00:28:25,980 - He had a very good eye for design. 416 00:28:25,980 --> 00:28:27,085 He didn't design the cars himself, 417 00:28:27,085 --> 00:28:30,183 but he had a good eye to see what was good, what was bad. 418 00:28:30,183 --> 00:28:32,683 And so, that's very important. 419 00:28:33,906 --> 00:28:35,671 - [Giancarlo's Translator] He knew how to read a design 420 00:28:35,671 --> 00:28:38,837 and recognize tiny variations. 421 00:28:38,837 --> 00:28:42,250 He'd ask one of his panel-beaters to modify a line, 422 00:28:42,250 --> 00:28:44,583 making it tighter or softer. 423 00:28:45,687 --> 00:28:47,696 The next day when this had been done, 424 00:28:47,696 --> 00:28:50,183 he could immediately tell the difference 425 00:28:50,183 --> 00:28:53,581 and if it hadn't been done exactly as he'd wanted it, 426 00:28:53,581 --> 00:28:57,491 he'd say, you didn't do what I asked you to do 427 00:28:57,491 --> 00:28:59,408 and make him modify it. 428 00:29:00,738 --> 00:29:01,897 - The way we did it, at Pininfarina, 429 00:29:01,897 --> 00:29:05,264 of course we had to make a full-size drawing of the car. 430 00:29:05,264 --> 00:29:07,865 And what they call full-size lofting, 431 00:29:07,865 --> 00:29:10,362 a lofting drawing which is used to make the model, 432 00:29:10,362 --> 00:29:12,217 a full-size model. 433 00:29:12,217 --> 00:29:15,197 So it takes from two to three weeks to make the drawing, 434 00:29:15,197 --> 00:29:17,645 with all the sessions, then you have to make the model 435 00:29:17,645 --> 00:29:20,867 which takes maybe a month and a half to do that, 436 00:29:20,867 --> 00:29:23,641 then from there you make any modifications you have to make, 437 00:29:23,641 --> 00:29:25,526 then you make the prototype using the model, 438 00:29:25,526 --> 00:29:29,703 not to hammer the metal over it but as a guide. 439 00:29:29,703 --> 00:29:30,596 - [Paolo's Translator] I make them because 440 00:29:30,596 --> 00:29:32,800 I love the three dimensions they have. 441 00:29:32,800 --> 00:29:34,779 Objects have three dimensions. 442 00:29:34,779 --> 00:29:37,433 If not, they'd simply be drawings. 443 00:29:37,433 --> 00:29:39,228 So I think three dimensionally. 444 00:29:39,228 --> 00:29:43,395 In fact, I call my models three dimensional sketches. 445 00:29:44,597 --> 00:29:45,795 - [Marcello's Translator] To design something 446 00:29:45,795 --> 00:29:47,113 without any clear goal 447 00:29:47,113 --> 00:29:50,303 is something I've never accepted. 448 00:29:50,303 --> 00:29:52,701 I preferred imagining the final phase, 449 00:29:52,701 --> 00:29:56,868 what it should turn out to be and why and for whom. 450 00:30:01,830 --> 00:30:03,007 - [Ercole's Translator] Elio Zagato was an excellent driver 451 00:30:03,007 --> 00:30:04,675 and was still racing. 452 00:30:04,675 --> 00:30:06,750 Naturally, he wanted his cars to win 453 00:30:06,750 --> 00:30:09,167 so they were made to measure. 454 00:30:12,461 --> 00:30:14,675 I'd follow the trials to find out what he needed 455 00:30:14,675 --> 00:30:16,925 to be able to drive faster. 456 00:30:20,054 --> 00:30:21,776 That's how I learned. 457 00:30:21,776 --> 00:30:23,214 A hands-on experience taught me 458 00:30:23,214 --> 00:30:25,987 to design them for their natural purpose, 459 00:30:25,987 --> 00:30:28,643 which was to win races. 460 00:30:28,643 --> 00:30:31,060 (rock music) 461 00:30:56,822 --> 00:30:58,197 - [Giancarlo's Translator] The change from what was called 462 00:30:58,197 --> 00:31:01,158 being a stylist to being a designer 463 00:31:01,158 --> 00:31:05,468 occurred when additional technical elements were introduced. 464 00:31:05,468 --> 00:31:08,014 They started introducing functional elements, 465 00:31:08,014 --> 00:31:09,931 ergonomics, visibility. 466 00:31:12,427 --> 00:31:14,939 - [Ercole's Translator] The systems were very practical. 467 00:31:14,939 --> 00:31:16,435 I looked at the sketches of those 468 00:31:16,435 --> 00:31:20,268 who had achieved the best aerodynamic results. 469 00:31:24,758 --> 00:31:28,925 I looked at what the Germans had done before the war. 470 00:31:33,038 --> 00:31:35,481 In the 1930's, there were theories by professors 471 00:31:35,481 --> 00:31:37,847 from the University of Stuttgart. 472 00:31:37,847 --> 00:31:42,014 Professor Koenig-Fachsenfeld and Professor Wunibald Kamm. 473 00:31:42,908 --> 00:31:45,001 He invented the Kamm-tail. 474 00:31:45,001 --> 00:31:48,624 I used it on our cars directly on the road. 475 00:31:48,624 --> 00:31:49,850 I screwed on some aluminum fairing 476 00:31:49,850 --> 00:31:54,017 and judged the performance with or without fairing. 477 00:31:59,336 --> 00:32:02,753 We saw that it worked and we stuck to it. 478 00:32:04,904 --> 00:32:06,226 This is a Kamm-tail. 479 00:32:06,226 --> 00:32:09,393 I've always remained fascinated by it. 480 00:32:11,139 --> 00:32:13,982 - There was only one other designer when I came. 481 00:32:13,982 --> 00:32:15,390 There were just two designers there. 482 00:32:15,390 --> 00:32:17,813 It was not like going to General Motors 483 00:32:17,813 --> 00:32:21,230 where you had 200 designers in one place. 484 00:32:22,298 --> 00:32:23,682 It was a very small company. 485 00:32:23,682 --> 00:32:26,816 Each designer had their own particular project to do. 486 00:32:26,816 --> 00:32:28,625 So here I was, 24 years old 487 00:32:28,625 --> 00:32:32,792 and all of a sudden I was designing a complete car. 488 00:32:34,218 --> 00:32:35,285 - [Ercole's Translator] The Aston Martin 489 00:32:35,285 --> 00:32:37,653 was the first car I designed. 490 00:32:37,653 --> 00:32:40,431 I arrived in April 1960 and two cars 491 00:32:40,431 --> 00:32:42,598 had to be done right away. 492 00:32:43,563 --> 00:32:45,500 John Wyer came personally. 493 00:32:45,500 --> 00:32:47,082 He wanted to make a lighter version 494 00:32:47,082 --> 00:32:51,249 to enter the competitions, trying to beat the Ferraris. 495 00:32:54,253 --> 00:32:55,380 The car turned out well. 496 00:32:55,380 --> 00:32:57,169 He liked it very much. 497 00:32:57,169 --> 00:33:00,615 It became one of the most expensive cars in the auctions. 498 00:33:00,615 --> 00:33:01,666 But it was a bit too heavy 499 00:33:01,666 --> 00:33:03,999 to compete with the Ferrari. 500 00:33:08,866 --> 00:33:09,800 - [Aldo's Translator] The Dino's profile 501 00:33:09,800 --> 00:33:12,050 looked something like this. 502 00:33:17,407 --> 00:33:20,740 The shape of the wings looked like that. 503 00:33:21,743 --> 00:33:24,568 If we invert them, you roughly get the layout 504 00:33:24,568 --> 00:33:25,985 of the Cisitalia. 505 00:33:27,512 --> 00:33:30,512 The front wing became the rear wing. 506 00:33:34,061 --> 00:33:37,262 So one looks like this and the other like this. 507 00:33:37,262 --> 00:33:40,345 The front and the rear were inverted. 508 00:33:43,424 --> 00:33:44,303 - [Giancarlo's Translator] That kind of 509 00:33:44,303 --> 00:33:48,561 creative concentration can't have happened out of the blue. 510 00:33:48,561 --> 00:33:52,138 In Turin, a spontaneous design school had developed, 511 00:33:52,138 --> 00:33:54,821 which wasn't based on institutions. 512 00:33:54,821 --> 00:33:58,533 The great designers learned their craft in the garages 513 00:33:58,533 --> 00:34:00,616 like Spada, even Gandini. 514 00:34:03,600 --> 00:34:06,365 Even if he always thought he didn't know enough 515 00:34:06,365 --> 00:34:08,944 because he hadn't been to a school 516 00:34:08,944 --> 00:34:11,840 where they taught how to make automobiles, 517 00:34:11,840 --> 00:34:15,507 but he knew how to form an opinion, an idea. 518 00:34:17,637 --> 00:34:19,297 - [Filippo's Translator] Since there were no design schools, 519 00:34:19,297 --> 00:34:21,675 you just went to work. 520 00:34:21,675 --> 00:34:24,925 I began at 20, right after high school. 521 00:34:27,348 --> 00:34:29,076 - [Marcello's Translator] I still remember how I, 522 00:34:29,076 --> 00:34:31,604 in my freshman year, bought Dante Giacosa's 523 00:34:31,604 --> 00:34:35,771 Internal Combustion Engines instead of buying a Latin book. 524 00:34:37,215 --> 00:34:38,405 I still have it. 525 00:34:38,405 --> 00:34:40,521 It's well-worn and never again looked at, 526 00:34:40,521 --> 00:34:43,271 but back then I knew it by heart. 527 00:34:45,301 --> 00:34:47,320 - [Leonardo's Translator] My father played the violin 528 00:34:47,320 --> 00:34:49,786 and made us learn a musical instrument. 529 00:34:49,786 --> 00:34:52,101 That's how it was done back then. 530 00:34:52,101 --> 00:34:56,259 My brother and I had to learn to play the piano. 531 00:34:56,259 --> 00:34:59,971 I still remember Schumann's Scenes From Childhood. 532 00:34:59,971 --> 00:35:01,279 It interested me. 533 00:35:01,279 --> 00:35:03,072 I thought of the three piano pedals 534 00:35:03,072 --> 00:35:05,905 as clutch, brake, and accelerator. 535 00:35:08,815 --> 00:35:11,850 - [Aldo's Translator] I've never driven a Ferrari. 536 00:35:11,850 --> 00:35:15,801 I rode in a Dino, driven by Fioravanti. 537 00:35:15,801 --> 00:35:17,891 But I've never driven a Ferrari. 538 00:35:17,891 --> 00:35:20,808 I designed them, that satisfied me. 539 00:35:23,888 --> 00:35:24,721 - [Paolo's Translator] I have a diploma 540 00:35:24,721 --> 00:35:26,235 in technical engineering. 541 00:35:26,235 --> 00:35:28,632 I have no idea where it is now. 542 00:35:28,632 --> 00:35:31,387 I decided that studying was not for me. 543 00:35:31,387 --> 00:35:34,720 It took me too long to learn too little. 544 00:35:35,571 --> 00:35:37,203 I went there on a different path. 545 00:35:37,203 --> 00:35:39,453 I chose my teachers myself. 546 00:35:41,483 --> 00:35:43,043 - We didn't have a briefing. 547 00:35:43,043 --> 00:35:44,070 We didn't have a thick book of 548 00:35:44,070 --> 00:35:45,036 all the requirements that 549 00:35:45,036 --> 00:35:46,665 we had to do for our car. 550 00:35:46,665 --> 00:35:48,478 Back then, they wanted new ideas. 551 00:35:48,478 --> 00:35:50,150 They were still in the phase that, 552 00:35:50,150 --> 00:35:54,034 something had some new ideas they wanted. 553 00:35:54,034 --> 00:35:56,392 They didn't want somebody taking ideas from 554 00:35:56,392 --> 00:35:58,998 a car that had success and copy that car. 555 00:35:58,998 --> 00:36:01,081 Everything had to be new. 556 00:36:02,245 --> 00:36:04,600 - [Leonardo's Translator] I learned that Pininfarina, 557 00:36:04,600 --> 00:36:08,978 the best way to avoid getting fired was to be original. 558 00:36:08,978 --> 00:36:11,797 If you designed something already familiar, 559 00:36:11,797 --> 00:36:14,630 you deserved to be given the sack. 560 00:36:18,281 --> 00:36:19,590 - [Marcello's Translator] Back then it was normal 561 00:36:19,590 --> 00:36:21,987 to do things differently than they'd been done before 562 00:36:21,987 --> 00:36:23,070 or by others. 563 00:36:25,358 --> 00:36:28,287 At Bertone, it was especially so. 564 00:36:28,287 --> 00:36:29,804 Both with regards to the showrooms 565 00:36:29,804 --> 00:36:33,721 and to the normal work on prototypes or models. 566 00:36:36,402 --> 00:36:38,819 (rock music) 567 00:36:50,175 --> 00:36:52,146 - The Pantera was produced for almost 22 years. 568 00:36:52,146 --> 00:36:53,545 It probably wouldn't really win 569 00:36:53,545 --> 00:36:57,325 a Concours d'Elegance for the most elegant car, 570 00:36:57,325 --> 00:36:58,549 but it has something about the car 571 00:36:58,549 --> 00:37:01,748 that satisfies a lot of passion. 572 00:37:01,748 --> 00:37:03,276 Where sports cars were elegant cars, 573 00:37:03,276 --> 00:37:04,907 nice-looking cars, and still today 574 00:37:04,907 --> 00:37:08,042 people buy these cars, they work on them, 575 00:37:08,042 --> 00:37:10,315 they take them apart, they fix them. 576 00:37:10,315 --> 00:37:13,315 They have very big clubs in America. 577 00:37:15,687 --> 00:37:17,545 - [Ercole's Translator] The Aston Martin DB4 578 00:37:17,545 --> 00:37:18,845 looks like the mouth of a shark, 579 00:37:18,845 --> 00:37:20,928 ready to attack the road. 580 00:37:29,335 --> 00:37:31,082 I designed the shape. 581 00:37:31,082 --> 00:37:35,076 It was a tight-fitting suit worn over strong muscles. 582 00:37:35,076 --> 00:37:39,243 The car body just about holds everything together. 583 00:37:41,147 --> 00:37:42,639 - [Marcello's Translator] The basic concept of this car 584 00:37:42,639 --> 00:37:45,889 was to make the driver more attractive, 585 00:37:48,155 --> 00:37:50,113 to reflect a little of its power, 586 00:37:50,113 --> 00:37:52,696 aggressiveness onto its driver. 587 00:37:56,676 --> 00:37:59,093 (rock music) 588 00:38:22,498 --> 00:38:25,248 There were a few essential flaws. 589 00:38:28,262 --> 00:38:30,108 The one thing, it was impossible 590 00:38:30,108 --> 00:38:33,691 to look behind you when driving in reverse. 591 00:38:35,098 --> 00:38:38,659 But it was possible to compensate for that 592 00:38:38,659 --> 00:38:42,173 with a bit of physical effort and some exhibitionism, 593 00:38:42,173 --> 00:38:43,909 by sitting on the lateral strut, 594 00:38:43,909 --> 00:38:47,659 looking out from the side with the door open. 595 00:38:51,058 --> 00:38:53,360 We knew a collector who lived close by, 596 00:38:53,360 --> 00:38:55,104 who passed through the town square 597 00:38:55,104 --> 00:38:57,280 to show off how he drove in reverse, 598 00:38:57,280 --> 00:38:59,030 going back and forth. 599 00:39:07,109 --> 00:39:10,266 At the Turin auto show in 1970, 600 00:39:10,266 --> 00:39:12,331 the Bertone company presented a prototype 601 00:39:12,331 --> 00:39:15,031 with Lancia Mechanics, but totally 602 00:39:15,031 --> 00:39:17,781 transformed with the rear engine. 603 00:39:19,866 --> 00:39:23,341 It was an interesting prototype, famous even today, 604 00:39:23,341 --> 00:39:25,522 but most importantly it convinced the Lancia 605 00:39:25,522 --> 00:39:28,065 executive management to build a specific car 606 00:39:28,065 --> 00:39:30,315 for the rallies, the races. 607 00:39:32,354 --> 00:39:33,894 Lancia was especially interested in 608 00:39:33,894 --> 00:39:36,561 the six-cylinder Dino Ferrari engine, 609 00:39:36,561 --> 00:39:40,144 a very heavy engine with little horsepower. 610 00:39:41,154 --> 00:39:43,756 The vehicle made a visual impact right away. 611 00:39:43,756 --> 00:39:45,932 Besides, a winning car becomes beautiful 612 00:39:45,932 --> 00:39:47,929 even if it's ugly. 613 00:39:47,929 --> 00:39:50,092 If it's born beautiful, that's good too. 614 00:39:50,092 --> 00:39:52,342 At least that's my opinion. 615 00:39:54,979 --> 00:39:56,914 - [Paolo's Translator] Tjaarda and Bertone, 616 00:39:56,914 --> 00:39:58,388 who at the time cooperated, 617 00:39:58,388 --> 00:40:00,444 were lucky to have Cingolani, the foreman, 618 00:40:00,444 --> 00:40:02,527 working for both of them. 619 00:40:05,657 --> 00:40:06,981 Cingolani resolved all the mechanical 620 00:40:06,981 --> 00:40:10,398 or technical problems on their prototype. 621 00:40:14,298 --> 00:40:16,614 He was for them what Komodo and Mora 622 00:40:16,614 --> 00:40:18,450 were for Pininfarina. 623 00:40:18,450 --> 00:40:21,131 Not to forget all the other people working in blue overalls 624 00:40:21,131 --> 00:40:24,566 who receive little merit but had great skill. 625 00:40:24,566 --> 00:40:27,483 They made these companies fortunes. 626 00:40:31,737 --> 00:40:33,661 - [Giancarlo's Translator] It was a miracle no one else 627 00:40:33,661 --> 00:40:35,311 in the world could have done. 628 00:40:35,311 --> 00:40:38,675 Naturally, Gandini didn't do it all on his own. 629 00:40:38,675 --> 00:40:42,842 He had panel-beaters who did things right the first time. 630 00:40:46,870 --> 00:40:48,086 - [Marcello's Translator] The atmosphere 631 00:40:48,086 --> 00:40:50,498 during the construction of these three prototypes 632 00:40:50,498 --> 00:40:52,233 for the auto show in Geneva 633 00:40:52,233 --> 00:40:55,066 in 1966 wasn't particularly light, 634 00:40:56,273 --> 00:41:00,598 which is to say that the work was grueling. 635 00:41:00,598 --> 00:41:02,146 They hired many external workers 636 00:41:02,146 --> 00:41:04,353 and the division worked 22 hours a day 637 00:41:04,353 --> 00:41:06,186 in two 11 hour shifts. 638 00:41:09,996 --> 00:41:12,440 We worked very fast. 639 00:41:12,440 --> 00:41:13,833 There was no time to meditate, 640 00:41:13,833 --> 00:41:15,666 no tending to details. 641 00:41:16,958 --> 00:41:20,987 Today we brood over the reasons for this and that. 642 00:41:20,987 --> 00:41:24,899 Back then things got resolved in three minutes. 643 00:41:24,899 --> 00:41:28,899 There were no philosophical debates, heavens no. 644 00:41:34,209 --> 00:41:35,740 - [Giancarlo's Translator] It was a miracle no one else 645 00:41:35,740 --> 00:41:37,874 in the world could have done. 646 00:41:37,874 --> 00:41:41,213 Naturally, Gandini didn't do it all on his own. 647 00:41:41,213 --> 00:41:45,380 He had panel-beaters who did things right the first time. 648 00:41:49,272 --> 00:41:51,772 (jazzy music) 649 00:42:14,390 --> 00:42:15,773 - [Giancarlo's Translator] It's hard to explain. 650 00:42:15,773 --> 00:42:18,035 I just did it the way I'd imagined it. 651 00:42:18,035 --> 00:42:21,452 Looking at the results, I did a good job. 652 00:42:25,956 --> 00:42:27,365 - [Marcello's Translator] I stuck to the design 653 00:42:27,365 --> 00:42:29,787 and tried to learn how to do the rest, 654 00:42:29,787 --> 00:42:33,786 watching the workers whenever I had the chance. 655 00:42:33,786 --> 00:42:35,969 Something I always did back then. 656 00:42:35,969 --> 00:42:38,886 I mostly learned from my coworkers. 657 00:42:42,602 --> 00:42:44,090 - [Giancarlo's Translator] Do this part here. 658 00:42:44,090 --> 00:42:45,983 Round it, soften it. 659 00:42:45,983 --> 00:42:49,370 But what does rounding or softening mean? 660 00:42:49,370 --> 00:42:52,235 If I say to you, round it, soften it, 661 00:42:52,235 --> 00:42:56,134 and you know what I mean, the game's easy. 662 00:42:56,134 --> 00:42:58,781 But if you're not on the same wavelength 663 00:42:58,781 --> 00:43:01,388 and you don't share a vision of things, 664 00:43:01,388 --> 00:43:05,388 it becomes tough and the result may be terrible. 665 00:43:08,343 --> 00:43:09,876 - [Ercole's Translator] That was just a sketch. 666 00:43:09,876 --> 00:43:11,105 But I'll use it to explain the 667 00:43:11,105 --> 00:43:13,020 different phases of my drafts. 668 00:43:13,020 --> 00:43:15,331 It was constructed using iron rebars, 669 00:43:15,331 --> 00:43:18,032 like the ones you see here. 670 00:43:18,032 --> 00:43:21,551 It looks like a kind of wire frame. 671 00:43:21,551 --> 00:43:23,651 With that, the panel-beater is able to form 672 00:43:23,651 --> 00:43:25,984 the aluminum parts later on. 673 00:43:27,391 --> 00:43:29,826 - [Giancarlo's Translator] Some use one tool, some another. 674 00:43:29,826 --> 00:43:32,491 Giancarlo Guerra used an iron rebar, 675 00:43:32,491 --> 00:43:35,108 a hammer, and sheet metal. 676 00:43:35,108 --> 00:43:36,855 He just followed his imagination 677 00:43:36,855 --> 00:43:38,605 to form masterpieces. 678 00:43:41,369 --> 00:43:42,818 - [Giancarlo's Translator] I believe I was the only one 679 00:43:42,818 --> 00:43:45,651 to make cars with wires like that. 680 00:43:51,804 --> 00:43:53,888 We thought about everything. 681 00:43:53,888 --> 00:43:58,055 We thought about encumbrances, about the driver's seat. 682 00:44:01,338 --> 00:44:02,682 I made cars. 683 00:44:02,682 --> 00:44:06,320 I'd leave an opening to implement the wire. 684 00:44:06,320 --> 00:44:09,070 It looked like a transparent car. 685 00:44:15,094 --> 00:44:16,045 - [Leonardo's Translator] Working together with 686 00:44:16,045 --> 00:44:19,339 a small group of enthusiastic people 687 00:44:19,339 --> 00:44:21,514 who were extraordinary men 688 00:44:21,514 --> 00:44:24,931 with great creative talent was fantastic. 689 00:44:26,226 --> 00:44:28,363 We'd joke, argue. 690 00:44:28,363 --> 00:44:30,623 Your design is horrendous crap. 691 00:44:30,623 --> 00:44:32,738 Mine's more beautiful. 692 00:44:32,738 --> 00:44:35,405 But there were no strange moves. 693 00:44:38,983 --> 00:44:40,479 - [Paolo's Translator] There was no competition. 694 00:44:40,479 --> 00:44:42,091 Everyone had a job to do. 695 00:44:42,091 --> 00:44:45,444 There was absolutely no interference among us. 696 00:44:45,444 --> 00:44:47,842 Broverone cars were Broverone's. 697 00:44:47,842 --> 00:44:49,946 Sapino ones were Sapino's. 698 00:44:49,946 --> 00:44:50,885 Mine were mine. 699 00:44:50,885 --> 00:44:52,968 There was no competition. 700 00:44:56,606 --> 00:44:58,405 - [Filippo's Translator] It was an unwritten law 701 00:44:58,405 --> 00:44:59,834 that the public would not be informed about 702 00:44:59,834 --> 00:45:02,667 who was responsible for which car. 703 00:45:05,768 --> 00:45:07,574 Back then, nobody knew that I had designed 704 00:45:07,574 --> 00:45:10,741 the Ferrari 512, or Matin, the Modulo. 705 00:45:12,946 --> 00:45:14,555 Things changed later when everything was 706 00:45:14,555 --> 00:45:16,519 handled a bit more liberal. 707 00:45:16,519 --> 00:45:20,686 At the time there was a rather tight regime of secrecy. 708 00:45:23,949 --> 00:45:26,210 It was always the master who did the designing. 709 00:45:26,210 --> 00:45:27,960 Pininfarina, Bertone. 710 00:45:28,826 --> 00:45:31,993 Their name was the one which appeared. 711 00:45:34,306 --> 00:45:35,590 - [Translator] It meant trouble if the stylist 712 00:45:35,590 --> 00:45:39,593 working for Bertone or Pininfarina said, 713 00:45:39,593 --> 00:45:41,709 I designed that car. 714 00:45:41,709 --> 00:45:43,694 Or if he signed a sketch with his own name 715 00:45:43,694 --> 00:45:46,361 and not the name of the company. 716 00:45:48,582 --> 00:45:50,538 Once, Scallione dared to sign a sketch 717 00:45:50,538 --> 00:45:52,064 and sent it to America. 718 00:45:52,064 --> 00:45:53,656 Bertone fired him on the spot. 719 00:45:53,656 --> 00:45:57,406 I'm the Bertone company, the rest is nothing. 720 00:46:02,059 --> 00:46:04,022 - [Filippo's Translator] To be honest, we always found a way 721 00:46:04,022 --> 00:46:06,272 to make our sketches known. 722 00:46:09,070 --> 00:46:13,237 For example, by putting tiny initials into a corner. 723 00:46:15,495 --> 00:46:17,578 Even if it was forbidden. 724 00:46:18,592 --> 00:46:20,649 - [Marcello's Translator] It was a habit of mine. 725 00:46:20,649 --> 00:46:23,910 The first time, it happened spontaneously 726 00:46:23,910 --> 00:46:25,827 and then I repeated it. 727 00:46:31,141 --> 00:46:32,880 - [Paolo's Translator] We enjoyed a lot of freedom. 728 00:46:32,880 --> 00:46:35,047 Today things have changed. 729 00:46:37,069 --> 00:46:38,458 When I visit a design office, 730 00:46:38,458 --> 00:46:40,208 I see many sad faces. 731 00:46:45,188 --> 00:46:46,943 They're all gloomy. 732 00:46:46,943 --> 00:46:49,276 No one jokes, no one laughs. 733 00:46:50,376 --> 00:46:52,626 I think an era has gone by. 734 00:46:56,108 --> 00:46:59,229 I believe we've reached a point of no return. 735 00:46:59,229 --> 00:47:02,504 Cars are turning into a mere means of transportation. 736 00:47:02,504 --> 00:47:03,746 They are supposed to function 737 00:47:03,746 --> 00:47:07,163 like a washing machine or a refrigerator. 738 00:47:11,986 --> 00:47:14,335 - [Lorenzo's Translator] Today, the way a product 739 00:47:14,335 --> 00:47:16,140 is presented is fundamental. 740 00:47:16,140 --> 00:47:20,307 The presentation is part of the brand communication. 741 00:47:21,211 --> 00:47:22,837 According to market researchers, 742 00:47:22,837 --> 00:47:25,138 it's the first or second reason 743 00:47:25,138 --> 00:47:28,305 for choosing one vehicle over another. 744 00:47:31,312 --> 00:47:33,927 The automobile company has to focus on 745 00:47:33,927 --> 00:47:36,309 the presentation of their products, 746 00:47:36,309 --> 00:47:39,013 therefore the design of the car, 747 00:47:39,013 --> 00:47:42,667 the design offices, the true creative development work, 748 00:47:42,667 --> 00:47:45,787 has become an integral part and the core competence 749 00:47:45,787 --> 00:47:47,870 of an automobile company. 750 00:47:51,992 --> 00:47:53,844 What used to be an external service 751 00:47:53,844 --> 00:47:57,304 is nowadays done within the company itself. 752 00:47:57,304 --> 00:47:59,590 Therefore, the companies themselves have become 753 00:47:59,590 --> 00:48:03,270 the greatest competitors of the Italian designers. 754 00:48:03,270 --> 00:48:06,241 When your customer becomes your main competitor, 755 00:48:06,241 --> 00:48:09,741 the competition becomes rather imbalanced. 756 00:48:10,900 --> 00:48:12,127 - [Paolo's Translator] I believe a new 757 00:48:12,127 --> 00:48:13,901 kind of designer has been born. 758 00:48:13,901 --> 00:48:16,901 I like to call him a brand designer. 759 00:48:18,949 --> 00:48:20,554 Today, the marketing department decides 760 00:48:20,554 --> 00:48:23,432 which product is going to be sold. 761 00:48:23,432 --> 00:48:25,281 They say, I want light here, 762 00:48:25,281 --> 00:48:29,058 the coffeemaker there, the USB there, 763 00:48:29,058 --> 00:48:32,141 and they determine what's being done. 764 00:48:34,154 --> 00:48:35,867 The poor guy working on the design 765 00:48:35,867 --> 00:48:37,458 is just drawing lines without knowing 766 00:48:37,458 --> 00:48:39,541 what he's actually doing. 767 00:48:41,676 --> 00:48:44,235 In fact, today's products all look alike. 768 00:48:44,235 --> 00:48:45,776 They've lost their souls. 769 00:48:45,776 --> 00:48:47,859 I call them auto planses. 770 00:48:53,116 --> 00:48:54,886 - [Translator] If we think of today's cars 771 00:48:54,886 --> 00:48:58,969 after having experienced and heard these stories, 772 00:48:59,968 --> 00:49:02,924 everything is so degraded and becomes so-- 773 00:49:02,924 --> 00:49:06,215 plastic comes to mind immediately. 774 00:49:06,215 --> 00:49:08,041 In today's cars, electronics aside, 775 00:49:08,041 --> 00:49:10,958 everything is so cold, so unworldy. 776 00:49:12,480 --> 00:49:14,742 - Today it is very difficult to make something new. 777 00:49:14,742 --> 00:49:16,627 Because there's a mentality, 778 00:49:16,627 --> 00:49:19,210 even with a car like a Pantera. 779 00:49:20,062 --> 00:49:23,184 I've worked with people in San Diego. 780 00:49:23,184 --> 00:49:24,645 We had a client that wanted a car 781 00:49:24,645 --> 00:49:27,008 that was similar to a sports car 782 00:49:27,008 --> 00:49:29,069 that was already on the market. 783 00:49:29,069 --> 00:49:31,500 Back then that never happened. 784 00:49:31,500 --> 00:49:33,041 I was never given an assignment 785 00:49:33,041 --> 00:49:35,944 with Ghia, De Tomaso, or Pininfarina 786 00:49:35,944 --> 00:49:39,796 that makes something similar to a car that already exists. 787 00:49:39,796 --> 00:49:41,963 They wanted something new. 788 00:49:43,902 --> 00:49:45,922 - [Translator] Martinengo always used to come and say, 789 00:49:45,922 --> 00:49:48,339 Martin, do whatever you like. 790 00:49:56,143 --> 00:49:58,143 This was the only input. 791 00:50:01,583 --> 00:50:03,397 All the cars you see behind you 792 00:50:03,397 --> 00:50:05,992 were invented with no input requirement. 793 00:50:05,992 --> 00:50:07,528 "Do what you want." 794 00:50:07,528 --> 00:50:08,445 That's all. 795 00:50:09,508 --> 00:50:11,095 It was so nice to be able to do 796 00:50:11,095 --> 00:50:12,928 what you wanted to do. 797 00:50:15,079 --> 00:50:17,662 (upbeat music) 798 00:52:16,492 --> 00:52:18,713 (bright tones)