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00:00:02,034 --> 00:00:04,172
Man: [over radio] American 11
ident please or acknowledge.

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00:00:06,724 --> 00:00:08,827
American 20 will not
respond to me now.

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00:00:15,068 --> 00:00:17,689
[explosion]

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00:00:17,793 --> 00:00:19,827
[muffled screams]

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Narrator:
9/11 still haunts us all.

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The events of that day
have defined

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much of the world ever since.

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The hunt for bin Laden

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00:00:30,689 --> 00:00:32,620
drove the West
to invade Afghanistan.

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00:00:34,068 --> 00:00:36,862
Now they've left,
a new reign of terror begins.

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How much do we really know
about the man Osama bin Laden?

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00:00:44,965 --> 00:00:50,103
He may be dead but his legacy
continues to impact us all.

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- Growing up, I worshipped
everything about bin Laden.

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He was a hero.

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He was an icon verging on
mythical levels.

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That's how hip he was for us.

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- You can't tell your heart
who to like,

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and my heart at that time
told me to love him.

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Narrator: We know
bin Laden as the terrorist,

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the world's most evil man.

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For those once closest to him,
his story is more complex.

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Now, some are ready to speak
for the first time.

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- I felt that he was
the reassuring

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older brotherly figure.

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His charisma was what really
kept us all together as a glue.

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Narrator: They tell us about
the man they knew,

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the choices he made,
the points of no return.

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People change,
and war change people.

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That what happened to Osama.

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- I was appalled by what
happened.

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It filled my heart with horror.

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I did not sign up for this.

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We are going into the path of
endless, perpetual bloodshed.

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- I prayed secretly
that he would die.

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I mourned the person I knew
and loved,

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but I didn't mourn the monster
he turned out to be.

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[screaming, crying]

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[call to prayer]

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Khaled: I grew up in middle
class suburbs of Jeddah City.

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It happened that my neighbour
was Osama bin Laden.

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We were in our teenage years.

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Osama was really a shy boy,
but he has charisma, somehow.

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Even in his voice
you could see his smile.

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Their house, it's like
any middle-class house,

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where we have parties,
we have fun,

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we listen to music, watch TV.

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We all love cowboy movies.

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Obviously, we were on the side
of the good guys.

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00:03:58,206 --> 00:04:02,655
Of course, with the cowboys,
because they had the guns.

50
00:04:06,620 --> 00:04:10,931
Osama loved football,
but he wasn't a good player.

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I remember Osama being attacked
by one of the opposite team.

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You know, I came in and pushed
the guy away,

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00:04:19,034 --> 00:04:21,517
but he wasn't happy about it,
and he said,

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"If you gave me just
a few minutes, Khaled,

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"I would have resolved
this issue peacefully."

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I'm saying a lot of good
things about him.

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00:04:31,620 --> 00:04:32,551
Now that's...
[laughs]

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00:04:32,655 --> 00:04:34,000
..will put me in trouble.

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But I have to be honest.
He was good.

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I don't know what happened
to him.

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Narrator: Mohammed bin Laden
was a devout Muslim,

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responsible for building
much of modern Saudi Arabia.

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Osama was the 17th
of his 54 children.

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- Bin Laden's family
was the elitest

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you could get after royalty.

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Growing up there, his name
was plastered in our heads.

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00:06:10,068 --> 00:06:13,724
Narrator: A'alia, bin Laden's
mother, came from Syria.

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00:06:13,827 --> 00:06:17,551
Her family were Alawites,
an offshoot of Shia Islam,

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often vilified by conservatives
as an unorthodox cult,

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incorporating Christian
and Pagan elements.

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- His Syrian side was important,

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because he lived with
one parent, his mother.

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Narrator:
A'alia was 14 when she married.

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Mohammed divorced her
within a year.

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Khaled: They were very close.

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She was trying to compensate for
not having a father around,

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so she was both parents to him.

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I loved his mother because
she was a mother to us too.

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00:08:03,655 --> 00:08:07,241
Narrator: Bin Laden's childhood,
like many across the Arab world,

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was overshadowed
by two seismic events.

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[bomb exploding]

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The Israeli defeat
of Arab armies in 1967,

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and its occupation of Palestine.

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- It was a sickening feeling
that we were not able

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00:09:19,172 --> 00:09:23,000
to do anything to help
our brothers and sisters.

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00:09:23,103 --> 00:09:24,931
[chanting]

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Osama would cry when he saw
footage

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of Israeli soldiers hitting
women and children in Palestine.

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He would swear that one day
we will have revenge.

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[call to prayer]

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00:10:02,034 --> 00:10:06,551
Khaled: In high school,
his emotions were exploited

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by Islamist teachers.

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00:10:09,344 --> 00:10:13,413
He stopped watching movies
and TV shows completely.

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00:10:13,517 --> 00:10:17,551
He moved away from us,
his childhood friends.

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00:10:23,827 --> 00:10:27,896
One day I was wearing shorts
going to a football game.

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That was wrong in Islam.

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00:10:31,896 --> 00:10:33,517
He just looked at my legs

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00:10:33,620 --> 00:10:37,379
and then look at my eyes
and say..."Bye."

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00:10:37,482 --> 00:10:38,379
[foreign dialogue]

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00:10:38,482 --> 00:10:42,068
I could see in his eyes
he was thinking that was wrong.

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His mother noticed that her son

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was doing his prayers,
was not going with the bad guys

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00:10:53,724 --> 00:10:58,551
who would drink alcohol or go
with girls, and that was OK.

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00:10:58,655 --> 00:11:00,275
It was good for her.

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00:11:00,379 --> 00:11:04,482
But she didn't expect
that he would go all the way.

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- I decided
to drop out of school

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to achieve my goals and dreams.

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00:11:12,172 --> 00:11:14,896
I was surprised at the major
opposition to this idea,

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especially from my mother,

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who cried and begged me
to change my mind.

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00:11:20,620 --> 00:11:22,689
In the end,
there was no way out.

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I couldn't resist
my mother's tears.

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I had to go back
and finish my education.

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00:12:03,482 --> 00:12:06,241
- I met Osama bin Laden
in the 1990s

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when I became, you know,
a bomb maker for Al-Qaeda.

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I grew up in Saudi Arabia
in the '80s,

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where the call for the jihad
was in every mosque I attended.

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Osama bin Laden lost
his father at young age,

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and was looking for a place
for himself in the world.

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00:12:30,413 --> 00:12:33,068
And then you have that,
you know,

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amazing figure
of Abdullah Azzam,

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who is not an empty suit

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teaching and preaching
in a university.

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No,
he practices what he teaches,

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devoting his time
and his effort to the cause.

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- Osama wasn't smart.

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00:13:11,965 --> 00:13:18,620
He was repeating whatever
people who believed in told him.

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So, that's his weakness.

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And Abdullah Azzam was
the one he trusted most.

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He became more and more Islamist
in his views,

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and more and more intent
in changing the world

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and making a difference.

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But he went down a road
that only lead to hell.

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00:13:53,551 --> 00:13:56,241
Jihad is to fight against
your own wrong desires.

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00:14:06,034 --> 00:14:10,862
And it's also Jihad to defend
your country if it's attacked.

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00:14:31,758 --> 00:14:35,344
Narrator: In 1979,
when bin Laden was 21,

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00:14:35,448 --> 00:14:38,241
the Communist Soviet Union
invaded Afghanistan,

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00:14:38,344 --> 00:14:40,172
a Muslim country.

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00:14:42,344 --> 00:14:43,758
Jimmy Carter:
It is a deliberate effort

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00:14:43,862 --> 00:14:46,137
of a powerful,
atheistic government,

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00:14:46,241 --> 00:14:49,827
to subjugate an independent
Islamic people.

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00:14:49,931 --> 00:14:52,310
Reporter: Addressing a large
number of Afghan refugees

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00:14:52,413 --> 00:14:55,103
near Peshawar this morning,
the Saudi Crown Prince

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00:14:55,206 --> 00:14:58,517
said the entire Islamic world
fully supports

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00:14:58,620 --> 00:15:01,206
the greatest struggle and
supreme sacrifice

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00:15:01,310 --> 00:15:02,241
of the people of Afghanistan

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00:15:02,344 --> 00:15:05,034
for the protection
of their faith and religion.

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00:15:06,827 --> 00:15:09,517
- I was enraged
and went there at once.

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I arrived within days
before the end of 1979.

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00:15:15,310 --> 00:15:19,137
- Osama,
like many Saudi volunteers,

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00:15:19,241 --> 00:15:23,827
went with the help and support
of the Saudi government.

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00:15:23,931 --> 00:15:26,172
He promised his mother that
he would go

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00:15:26,275 --> 00:15:32,034
only in humanitarian missions
to deliver help to refugees,

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00:15:32,137 --> 00:15:33,482
Afghanis in Peshawar.

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Even that wasn't to her
happiness, but she agreed.

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00:17:07,724 --> 00:17:10,068
Osama stuck to Azzam
like a shadow.

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00:17:12,931 --> 00:17:17,724
- I had a fear of getting
involved physically in the war.

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00:17:17,827 --> 00:17:19,896
People close to me
talked me out of it,

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00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:22,068
and seemed to have good reasons.

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00:17:22,172 --> 00:17:25,344
I later felt deeply remorseful
about that.

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Narrator: Instead of going to
the front line,

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bin Laden helped Azzam
set up an organisation,

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00:17:32,827 --> 00:17:36,379
to recruit, fund and train
foreign fighters.

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They called it
the Service Bureau.

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00:17:58,862 --> 00:18:01,137
Reporter: Peshawar,
in the north-west frontier,

166
00:18:01,241 --> 00:18:03,793
the operations base
for the mujahideen,

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00:18:03,896 --> 00:18:06,586
the freedom fighters
of Afghanistan.

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00:18:06,689 --> 00:18:10,137
From here, teams are constantly
sent across the border.

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00:18:52,551 --> 00:18:54,206
- Every time he travelled,

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00:18:54,310 --> 00:18:59,517
he make it a law in his life
to call his mother every day,

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00:18:59,620 --> 00:19:04,517
to tell her, "I'm fine, I'm OK,"
and to ask about her news.

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00:19:06,034 --> 00:19:08,620
And he promised not to go
to the front line.

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00:19:13,655 --> 00:19:16,896
[prayer chant]

174
00:19:23,586 --> 00:19:25,068
- Allahu Akbar!

175
00:19:53,482 --> 00:19:56,413
Narrator: Four years
after arriving in Peshawar,

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00:19:56,517 --> 00:19:59,862
bin Laden finally crossed into
Afghanistan, to the front line.

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00:20:00,965 --> 00:20:02,517
He was 26.

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00:20:08,413 --> 00:20:11,448
- I was surprised by the state
of the equipment

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00:20:11,551 --> 00:20:15,517
and everything else -
weapons, roads and trenches.

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00:20:15,620 --> 00:20:18,172
I asked forgiveness
from God Almighty,

181
00:20:18,275 --> 00:20:20,137
feeling that I had sinned
because I listened

182
00:20:20,241 --> 00:20:21,689
to those who advised me
not to go.

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00:20:22,655 --> 00:20:24,344
I felt that this four-year delay

184
00:20:24,448 --> 00:20:27,827
could not be pardoned
unless I become a martyr.

185
00:20:29,689 --> 00:20:32,344
Narrator: But if bin Laden
was going to get into battle,

186
00:20:32,448 --> 00:20:35,000
he needed someone to train him
to fight.

187
00:22:33,344 --> 00:22:36,310
[singing]

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00:24:05,758 --> 00:24:07,517
Khaled: People don't understand.

189
00:24:07,620 --> 00:24:09,379
They think people
once started good

190
00:24:09,482 --> 00:24:11,344
they had to be good
all their life,

191
00:24:11,448 --> 00:24:13,655
or born criminal or born saints.

192
00:24:13,758 --> 00:24:16,000
It's not.

193
00:24:16,103 --> 00:24:18,310
People change,
and war change people.

194
00:24:19,344 --> 00:24:20,965
That's what happened to Osama.

195
00:24:27,896 --> 00:24:30,689
[muttering in Russian]

196
00:24:59,344 --> 00:25:00,586
Narrator: For a year, bin Laden

197
00:25:00,689 --> 00:25:03,551
had been fighting the Soviets
with the Afghan mujahideen,

198
00:25:03,655 --> 00:25:07,551
led by Commander Wahidyar,
AKA Fearless.

199
00:25:24,586 --> 00:25:26,758
[foreign dialogue]

200
00:25:29,379 --> 00:25:31,517
[explosions]

201
00:25:35,275 --> 00:25:38,000
- I saw with my own eyes
the remains of a Russian.

202
00:25:38,103 --> 00:25:40,586
He came to tear apart
the mujahideen,

203
00:25:40,689 --> 00:25:43,000
but God tore him apart
in the worst way.

204
00:25:44,103 --> 00:25:45,896
All we found of him were
three fingers

205
00:25:46,000 --> 00:25:49,517
and his cheek
with an ear and hair.

206
00:25:49,620 --> 00:25:50,931
The Afghans came
and took his picture

207
00:25:51,034 --> 00:25:52,379
as if he was a skimmed ram.

208
00:25:54,137 --> 00:25:58,103
[chanting in foreign language]

209
00:25:58,206 --> 00:26:01,793
- I saw him when he was back
from one of his trips

210
00:26:01,896 --> 00:26:05,448
and he still has
the same quality of voice

211
00:26:05,551 --> 00:26:11,448
and reasoning, but he went
into war, he killed people.

212
00:26:11,551 --> 00:26:13,310
When his mother found out

213
00:26:13,413 --> 00:26:16,551
that he was going
to the front lines,

214
00:26:16,655 --> 00:26:20,655
she was like any mother -
heartbroken and worried

215
00:26:20,758 --> 00:26:22,586
and couldn't sleep at night.

216
00:26:24,586 --> 00:26:27,206
When he finally called
to tell her, "I'm fine,"

217
00:26:27,310 --> 00:26:29,689
she would cry
and ask him to come back,

218
00:26:29,793 --> 00:26:31,758
but he was adamant about it.

219
00:26:50,000 --> 00:26:51,310
Narrator:
Throughout the conflict,

220
00:26:51,413 --> 00:26:54,862
the Americans supported
and armed for Afghan resistance

221
00:26:54,965 --> 00:26:57,241
in their fight against
the Soviet Union.

222
00:27:14,172 --> 00:27:16,689
How honoured I am by these
visitors that we have with us,

223
00:27:16,793 --> 00:27:20,172
six of the Afghanistan
freedom fighters.

224
00:27:35,103 --> 00:27:38,793
- I'm the grandson
of one of the leaders

225
00:27:38,896 --> 00:27:42,000
of the mujahideen against
the Soviets, Hekmatyar.

226
00:27:42,103 --> 00:27:47,241
Osama bin Laden was
one of his closest friends.

227
00:27:47,344 --> 00:27:49,482
Bin Laden's money
was very vital,

228
00:27:49,586 --> 00:27:51,724
supporting Azzam
and his movement.

229
00:28:08,137 --> 00:28:10,517
- The Afghans treated the Arabs
as glorified guests,

230
00:28:10,620 --> 00:28:13,137
not as real mujahideen.

231
00:28:13,241 --> 00:28:15,310
We should take responsibility
for ourselves,

232
00:28:15,413 --> 00:28:17,827
I know we can provide
more rigorous training.

233
00:28:26,034 --> 00:28:27,517
Narrator: Bin Laden had
the money and power

234
00:28:27,620 --> 00:28:30,655
to build his own base
to train Arab fighters.

235
00:28:31,931 --> 00:28:33,310
He chose the mountains of Jaji,

236
00:28:33,413 --> 00:28:35,931
a few kilometres
from enemy lines.

237
00:28:38,655 --> 00:28:42,103
He called it al-Masada -
the lion's den.

238
00:30:04,724 --> 00:30:06,896
- When I joined the fight,
we visited the place.

239
00:30:07,000 --> 00:30:09,241
This was the place where,
you know, you go,

240
00:30:09,344 --> 00:30:10,862
this is like
the museum of jihad,

241
00:30:10,965 --> 00:30:12,034
if you can call it this way.

242
00:30:12,137 --> 00:30:14,034
This is where all, you know,
the famous battles are fought.

243
00:30:15,413 --> 00:30:17,000
You know, the myth was created.

244
00:30:28,655 --> 00:30:30,724
The mountains of Jaji
represented

245
00:30:30,827 --> 00:30:33,482
an impregnable
mountain fortress,

246
00:30:33,586 --> 00:30:34,827
as well as a supply line

247
00:30:34,931 --> 00:30:37,655
from Pakistan to the mujahideen
in Afghanistan.

248
00:30:37,758 --> 00:30:38,931
It needed to be smashed.

249
00:32:22,172 --> 00:32:24,000
[foreign dialogue]

250
00:33:23,827 --> 00:33:25,793
- I was only 30 metres
from the Russians

251
00:33:25,896 --> 00:33:28,172
and they were trying
to capture me.

252
00:33:28,275 --> 00:33:30,551
I was under bombardment
but I was so peaceful

253
00:33:30,655 --> 00:33:32,448
in my heart that I fell asleep.

254
00:33:33,517 --> 00:33:35,448
[playful laughter]

255
00:33:38,137 --> 00:33:39,413
[gunshot]

256
00:34:46,482 --> 00:34:50,103
Aimen: After Jaji, Osama
bin Laden became mythologised.

257
00:34:53,103 --> 00:34:56,413
That simple young man
from Saudi Arabia

258
00:34:56,517 --> 00:34:58,448
without any military training,

259
00:34:58,551 --> 00:35:01,241
who stood along the other
mujahideen factions

260
00:35:01,344 --> 00:35:02,517
in Afghanistan

261
00:35:02,620 --> 00:35:04,655
against the might of
the Soviet Union and they won.

262
00:37:10,689 --> 00:37:12,379
The videos that were being
sent to us

263
00:37:12,482 --> 00:37:15,034
inside Arabia to watch

264
00:37:15,137 --> 00:37:17,586
shifted from Abdullah Azzam
to Osama bin Laden.

265
00:37:20,379 --> 00:37:21,896
When we were growing up
in Saudi Arabia

266
00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:26,379
we never had superheroes on TV,
we had early Muslim warriors,

267
00:37:26,482 --> 00:37:28,206
you know, the knights
in the shining armour

268
00:37:28,310 --> 00:37:29,310
as you have in the West.

269
00:37:29,413 --> 00:37:31,379
You know, it's similar to that.

270
00:37:42,379 --> 00:37:44,034
The Battle of Jaji
was the watershed moment

271
00:37:44,137 --> 00:37:46,413
when suddenly somehow
Osama bin Laden

272
00:37:46,517 --> 00:37:50,206
turned into a living
Muslim warrior.

273
00:37:50,310 --> 00:37:51,310
He was a hero.

274
00:37:52,896 --> 00:37:56,310
We heard stories of how
young Afghan boys

275
00:37:56,413 --> 00:37:58,551
with stones will throw it,
you know, at a battalion

276
00:37:58,655 --> 00:38:01,586
of Soviet tanks and they will
explode in balls of fire.

277
00:38:03,620 --> 00:38:05,620
All of this was nonsense,
but nonetheless

278
00:38:05,724 --> 00:38:08,137
it was such believable nonsense

279
00:38:08,241 --> 00:38:12,103
that there was an explosion
in the number of people

280
00:38:12,206 --> 00:38:15,206
who would travel from Saudi
Arabia, from Kuwait, from Yemen,

281
00:38:15,310 --> 00:38:16,620
from Algeria, from Egypt,
from everywhere

282
00:38:16,724 --> 00:38:17,896
around the Muslim world,

283
00:38:18,000 --> 00:38:20,586
to go and join the Afghan jihad
with Osama bin Laden.

284
00:38:20,689 --> 00:38:23,448
[foreign dialogue plays on TV]

285
00:38:43,896 --> 00:38:46,517
You have that moment
shaping the world view

286
00:38:46,620 --> 00:38:49,068
of Osama bin Laden for years
to come,

287
00:38:49,172 --> 00:38:51,655
because he started to be
seduced by this myth,

288
00:38:51,758 --> 00:38:56,448
the invincible Osama bin Laden,
who would become the symbol

289
00:38:56,551 --> 00:39:01,586
of enduring jihad against
mighty empires in the future.

290
00:39:28,551 --> 00:39:30,137
Narrator:
Until the Soviet withdrawal,

291
00:39:30,241 --> 00:39:31,344
bin Laden had fought

292
00:39:31,448 --> 00:39:34,206
under the spiritual leadership
of Abdullah Azzam.

293
00:39:34,310 --> 00:39:38,586
But once the infidels had left,
a different philosophy emerged.

294
00:39:40,172 --> 00:39:45,310
We are here. We are here.
We are here!

295
00:39:45,413 --> 00:39:46,931
The real Islamic front

296
00:39:47,034 --> 00:39:51,000
against Zionism, communism
and imperialism.

297
00:39:51,103 --> 00:39:54,379
Narrator: For men like
the Egyptian Ayman Zawahiri,

298
00:39:54,482 --> 00:39:56,172
jihad was far from done.

299
00:39:57,275 --> 00:39:58,586
They wanted to take
their struggle

300
00:39:58,689 --> 00:40:01,206
to the rest of the world.

301
00:40:01,310 --> 00:40:06,034
- Osama believes in Azzam's idea
of the defensive jihad,

302
00:40:06,137 --> 00:40:10,724
of dispelling the infidels
from occupying Islamic land,

303
00:40:10,827 --> 00:40:13,551
until he ends up rubbing
shoulders

304
00:40:13,655 --> 00:40:18,137
with Ayman al-Zawahiri, a member
of the Muslim Brotherhood.

305
00:40:18,241 --> 00:40:21,517
And they are a group of people
that have been prosecuted

306
00:40:21,620 --> 00:40:24,655
by the Egyptian government,
tortured for years.

307
00:40:24,758 --> 00:40:26,172
So, they have a lot of hate.

308
00:40:26,275 --> 00:40:28,172
We believe in our religion,

309
00:40:28,275 --> 00:40:31,310
both as an ideology
and practice and, hence,

310
00:40:31,413 --> 00:40:34,344
we tried our best to establish

311
00:40:34,448 --> 00:40:37,137
this Islamic state
and Islamic society.

312
00:40:37,241 --> 00:40:38,482
[men shout]

313
00:41:09,310 --> 00:41:13,482
Khaled: I believe this is
the turning point in his life.

314
00:41:13,586 --> 00:41:15,413
He wasn't a scholar,
he wasn't smart,

315
00:41:15,517 --> 00:41:19,620
he has the charisma, he has
the face, he has the myth.

316
00:41:19,724 --> 00:41:24,206
And that was used by people like
Zawahiri and the rest of them.

317
00:41:44,379 --> 00:41:46,896
- There's an interesting
change in character

318
00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:50,206
where he goes from being
the disciple of Abdullah Azzam

319
00:41:50,310 --> 00:41:54,793
to being this person who aligns
with Zawahiri in his thinking.

320
00:42:00,137 --> 00:42:04,000
Narrator: In May 1988, bin Laden
and other extremists

321
00:42:04,103 --> 00:42:07,896
began to sketch out
a new organisation.

322
00:42:08,000 --> 00:42:10,448
Its world view
was radically different

323
00:42:10,551 --> 00:42:12,896
to that of its old mentor
Azzam's.

324
00:43:38,034 --> 00:43:41,034
- That's when it turned from
an Arab movement

325
00:43:41,137 --> 00:43:44,482
that was fighting the Soviets
within Afghanistan

326
00:43:44,586 --> 00:43:46,551
into an international
organisation

327
00:43:46,655 --> 00:43:48,724
that was going to serve

328
00:43:48,827 --> 00:43:51,931
as the base for jihad
around the world.

329
00:43:54,206 --> 00:43:56,862
Narrator: A few days after
the founding of Al-Qaeda,

330
00:43:56,965 --> 00:44:00,172
the Arab jihadis,
backed by the Saudi government,

331
00:44:00,275 --> 00:44:02,965
voted to oust Azzam
and install bin Laden

332
00:44:03,068 --> 00:44:06,448
as their overall leader, emir,
in Afghanistan.

333
00:44:08,689 --> 00:44:10,793
- Most of the donations were
coming from Saudi Arabia

334
00:44:10,896 --> 00:44:13,827
and they wanted to have
Saudi control over it

335
00:44:13,931 --> 00:44:15,931
and they thought Osama bin Laden
was our man.

336
00:45:06,551 --> 00:45:10,931
- I started to feel sad
because that wasn't him.

337
00:45:11,034 --> 00:45:13,689
That wasn't my childhood friend,

338
00:45:13,793 --> 00:45:16,241
the peaceful boy
who I grew up with.

339
00:45:18,000 --> 00:45:19,896
I felt I lost him.

340
00:45:20,000 --> 00:45:22,758
He went down that dark valley.

341
00:45:22,862 --> 00:45:25,896
Captioned by Ai-Media
ai-media.tv