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‪NETFLIX 纪录片系列

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‪在我的孩童时代 这里是我的游乐场

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‪太平洋 世界上最大且最深的海洋

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‪它激发敬畏 好奇

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‪甚至有时是恐惧

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‪对我们的生存而言
‪海洋和所呼吸的空气同样重要

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‪我们对全世界
‪将近8%的水域进行了保护

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‪蒙特雷湾国家海洋保护区
‪就是其中一例

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‪绵延加州四分之一海岸线

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‪北端始于旧金山

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‪南端终于大瑟尔…

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‪这个独特的保护区守卫着

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‪大于15万平方千米的太平洋

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‪这里是受游客欢迎的胜地…

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‪从迁徙的野生动物

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‪到专程来观看它们的游客

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‪蒙特雷丰富的水源拥有极强的吸引力

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‪即便对于有史以来
‪最庞大的动物也是如此

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‪气势如虹的蓝鲸

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‪整个自然奇观就展现在加州的门阶上

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‪但是保护地与数百万人口
‪可以共存吗？

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‪一个所有物种共存

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‪且大自然仍蓬勃发展的野生空间
‪会有未来吗？

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‪剧名：美国蒙特雷湾国家海洋保护区

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‪蒙特雷湾的每个季节
‪都有自己激动人心的故事

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{\an8}‪其中最为艰难的时期是冬天

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‪现在正值保护区北端

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‪新阿尼诺滩的12月份

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‪这些坐落偏远的沙丘是为
‪加州最具魅力的客人预留的

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‪北方象海豹…

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‪得名于雄性用以吸引配偶
‪而拿来炫耀的长鼻

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‪但在一年中这个时期

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‪雌性内心却有不同的想法

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‪每个母亲通常只孕育一个幼崽

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‪这一只出生仅四周

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‪体重已达136公斤

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‪这全都归功于妈妈的母乳

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‪55%的脂肪含量使它成为动物界
‪最富含营养的母乳之一

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‪但要产出如此高营养的母乳
‪也要付出代价

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‪在海滩度过一个月之后
‪它的妈妈已经竭尽所能

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‪它必须回到大海里汲取营养…

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‪且永远不会回到孩子身边

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‪这只幼崽有生以来第一次独自生活

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‪它虽已到断奶的年纪 但它依然很饿

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‪被抛弃是每一只幼崽必须面对的考验

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‪大多数这些断奶期的幼崽在长到

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‪可以为自己捕食的年纪前只好饿肚子

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‪但是偶尔就会出现一只

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‪还没准备好接受命运的幼崽…

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‪试图实行

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‪偷奶行动

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‪这需要狡猾、欺骗

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‪以及不被发现的能力

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‪说来容易做来难

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‪它只需要把这只幼崽撞开

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‪被发现了

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‪也许它该试试分散注意力

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‪对它来说很幸运的是…

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‪两吨重的雄性时常打架

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‪快要成功了

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‪它承受不起被卷入这场交锋的代价

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‪这是一次幸运的逃脱

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‪约40个幼年象海豹中
‪就有一个会被压死

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‪随着平静回归

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‪象海豹群安顿下来打盹的时候…

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‪它发现了

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‪一个易攻目标

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‪如果它不吵醒妈妈的话

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‪小心行事

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‪成功！

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‪妈妈对这场偷龙换凤毫无察觉
‪反而把自己的孩子赶走了

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‪这个年幼的犯罪主谋

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‪得到新一轮的喂养且成功脱罪

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‪并取得春天第一次出海的领先优势

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‪只有大约千分之一的幼崽
‪可以成功实行这种狡猾策略

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‪成功者则会长得非常巨大

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‪科学家称它们为超级断奶者

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‪但对大多数群体来说 蒙特雷的冬天
‪意味着可供分配的食物也更少

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‪在浩瀚且开放的保护区界内

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‪找到下一餐食物从不是件容易的事

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‪虎鲸

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‪这些极其聪慧的杀人鲸
‪是海洋中的顶级捕食者

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‪它们以近亲家庭成员为单位共同生活

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‪这一大家依赖于一条富有阅历的
‪年长雌鲸的智慧…

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‪它被专门研究它的研究人员成为星星

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‪星星的一个女儿怀孕了

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‪虎鲸约每五年产一次崽

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‪所以在这个阶段快速找到食物
‪比任何时期都重要

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‪一只落单的加州海狮

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‪星星和它女儿急需的一餐

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‪它们的庆典有利于加强家庭纽带

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‪但这次杀戮并不会让它们维持太久

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‪星星必须带领族群去寻找更多食物

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‪这里的冬天之所以如此难熬
‪并不全是因为食物匮乏

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‪当海洋涌浪滚滚而来…

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‪与保护区的浅海水域相汇

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‪世界最大且最具盛名的海浪从而产生

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‪冲浪湾

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‪冲浪者心之所向之地

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‪但持续不停的强浪也使得
‪在海岸生活变得精疲力竭

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‪尽管如此 依然有几处
‪可以找到庇护所的地方

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‪如果你知道何处寻觅

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‪蒙特雷的人造港口
‪曾是贸易船队的家园

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‪这些船队以工业规模

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‪将海洋中的野生动物掠夺

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‪许多物种 从沙丁鱼到大鲸鱼

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‪都近乎灭绝

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‪（蒙特雷之星）

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‪1992年 蒙特雷湾被宣布成为

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‪国家海洋保护区

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‪这些曾经的港口
‪现如今可供人们休憩

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‪这里成为一个可以放松

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‪并疗养的圣地

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‪南方海獭

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‪曾因皮毛被捕杀 数量下降到50只

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‪现在 保护区对超过2000只
‪这种小动物进行保护

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‪位于蒙特雷湾中心的
‪莫斯兰丁旧捕鲸港

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‪迎接新生命的光临

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‪一个刚出生几小时的海獭宝宝

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‪它毫无自理能力

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‪所以完全依靠它妈妈

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‪妈妈需要让宝宝保持温暖且干燥

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‪这是一项永无止境的工作

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‪幸运的是 我们创造了
‪一些方便脱离水面的场地

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‪如果它能在动物群中
‪找到任何空地的话

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‪并且就算是它找到了…

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‪对它来说也太高了

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‪是时候在暖和的日光浴下

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‪喂食和休息了

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‪作为一位新生妈妈
‪它不能一直和幼崽待在一起

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‪它必须吃营养丰富的食物
‪才能产出高质量的母乳

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‪这也就意味着 将孩子独自留在这里

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‪但是港口的人行道十分繁忙

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‪所以搜寻的目标是一个可以
‪把它藏起来的安静干燥之地

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‪完美

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‪现在它安全了

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‪对于新生妈妈而言最难得的机会来了

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‪一些“私人时光”

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‪它去搜寻一些贝类和穴居蠕虫为食

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‪哺乳期的妈妈需要
‪摄入平时所需两倍的热量

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‪在它六个月后断奶之前

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‪它将依靠妈妈为它们找到足够的食物

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‪蒙特雷湾最新的住户

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‪回到了它最向往的地方

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‪保护区还培育着水域之外的生命

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‪暖流从南部向上移动

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‪将热量散发到空气中…

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‪摆脱冬天的折磨 为一位尊贵的客人

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‪创造出完美的环境

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‪抵达圣克鲁兹市中
‪这些受保护沿海林地的…

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‪是一只西方帝王蝶

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‪它飞行了长达1600公里的路程

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‪一路从加拿大抵达此处

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‪它并非自己前来

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‪整个族群将在这里
‪度过接下来的几个月

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‪以免受到更北边寒冬的侵袭

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‪曾经 有数百万只在这片树林中栖身

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‪如今 只有少于1%的得以存活

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‪其余则在气候变化

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‪和栖息地破坏中灭亡

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‪这些树是它们为数不多的避难所之一

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‪现在 帝王蝶必须寄希望于春天来临

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‪终于 经过漫长的等待
‪更温暖的太阳升起了

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‪它们展翅吸收热量

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‪振翅以刺激寒冷飞行用到的肌肉

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‪然后 当时机成熟…

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‪它们便飞往内陆产卵

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‪它们世世代代飞往重回加拿大之路

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‪为自己物种的未来带去新的希望

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‪这都归功于这份海洋
‪送上的冬日温暖礼物

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‪这也在提醒我们气候的健康

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‪和我们的海洋是息息相关的

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‪春天的到来以盛行风的变化为标志

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‪西北风将冷水从深海向上推动

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‪也将营养物带往浅水域

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‪并且在几周之内

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‪令人着迷的图案就会开始沿岸出现

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‪海藻森林

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‪这些巨大的海藻支撑起
‪一个生机勃勃的群落…

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‪一个让蒙特雷的海獭
‪寻找食物的完美场所

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‪海藻同时也有助于对抗气候变化

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‪它每英亩吸收的碳量
‪是陆地上森林的20倍

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‪这只饥饿的海獭在这里
‪找不到它想要的食物

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‪海藻的底部是一个
‪布满新鲜食物的春季储藏室

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‪但并不都合它的口味

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‪海獭很挑食

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‪小时候 它们会尝到妈妈最爱的食物

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‪有的吃带刺海胆

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‪但这只可不爱吃

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‪它很爱吃贻贝

191
00:28:46,043 --> 00:28:47,123
‪很多的贻贝

192
00:28:53,483 --> 00:28:56,323
‪当海獭需要休息并消化食物时…

193
00:28:59,963 --> 00:29:02,123
‪它们就在叶子上翻来覆去…

194
00:29:10,803 --> 00:29:13,643
‪并美美地睡一觉
‪而不必担心漂回海里

195
00:29:22,083 --> 00:29:25,323
‪春季的海藻是许多物种的避风港

196
00:29:29,843 --> 00:29:34,163
‪但在范围外的深海水域则无处藏身

197
00:29:40,683 --> 00:29:43,963
‪蒙特雷湾隐藏着一片水下深渊

198
00:29:45,323 --> 00:29:48,323
‪它和大峡谷一样壮丽

199
00:29:51,443 --> 00:29:55,603
‪只有3000米深 将海湾一分为二

200
00:30:00,843 --> 00:30:04,243
‪所有沿海岸游动的动物都会穿过峡谷

201
00:30:08,403 --> 00:30:11,403
‪星星和它饥肠辘辘的家人也知道

202
00:30:18,483 --> 00:30:22,723
‪星星现在作为一个外祖母
‪有一个两个月大的幼崽要照顾

203
00:30:36,043 --> 00:30:39,043
‪它安排好了它们的到达时间

204
00:30:39,123 --> 00:30:40,923
‪为最重要的猎物设下伏击

205
00:30:45,803 --> 00:30:50,403
‪每年四月 灰鲸和它们的幼崽
‪穿过保护区向北迁徙

206
00:30:57,083 --> 00:30:59,603
‪紧挨着海岸的安全场所

207
00:30:59,683 --> 00:31:02,123
‪它们被海藻森林伪装了起来

208
00:31:13,163 --> 00:31:15,523
‪但是当它们到达海湾中央时…

209
00:31:17,763 --> 00:31:20,083
‪它们别无选择 只能冲出隐蔽处

210
00:31:31,203 --> 00:31:34,883
‪成年灰鲸的体重大约是虎鲸的八倍

211
00:31:36,283 --> 00:31:37,443
‪这是无法去挑战的重量

212
00:31:41,563 --> 00:31:44,003
‪所以更小的幼崽成为目标

213
00:31:48,363 --> 00:31:51,123
‪足够养活全家好几天了

214
00:32:09,043 --> 00:32:11,283
‪狩猎时 它们保持沉默

215
00:32:34,963 --> 00:32:37,003
‪最大的成年鲸带头进攻

216
00:32:44,763 --> 00:32:46,763
‪首先 它们对幼崽发起撞击…

217
00:32:51,843 --> 00:32:56,603
‪用极大的力量撞击它
‪几乎将900公斤重的幼崽

218
00:32:56,683 --> 00:32:58,163
‪撞出水面

219
00:33:02,763 --> 00:33:04,563
‪但它充满保护欲的妈妈进行反击

220
00:33:08,003 --> 00:33:09,963
‪它巨大的尾巴轻轻一拍…

221
00:33:12,323 --> 00:33:14,003
‪对虎鲸来说可能就是致命一击

222
00:33:20,323 --> 00:33:22,563
‪它们将幼崽从妈妈身边推开

223
00:33:38,243 --> 00:33:41,083
‪一个接一个  它们猛扑到它背上…

224
00:33:45,003 --> 00:33:46,403
‪试图淹死它

225
00:33:53,203 --> 00:33:56,563
‪在这场激烈的捕猎行动中
‪最小的虎鲸幼崽

226
00:33:57,083 --> 00:33:59,083
‪已经在向长辈学习

227
00:34:07,363 --> 00:34:09,843
‪灰鲸的妈妈还没有放弃

228
00:34:12,323 --> 00:34:14,843
‪它试图让幼崽的脑袋露出水面

229
00:34:17,803 --> 00:34:20,203
‪但它不是齐心协力一家的对手

230
00:34:37,043 --> 00:34:39,563
‪幸而 这是一场速战速决的捕猎行动

231
00:34:57,643 --> 00:35:00,083
‪这一条鲸鱼足够养活很多口

232
00:35:12,203 --> 00:35:16,883
‪星星向它家人传授了生存所需的技能

233
00:35:32,843 --> 00:35:37,163
‪由春入夏的时候
‪天气发生了戏剧性的变化

234
00:35:40,243 --> 00:35:44,323
‪在温暖了陆地整个冬天后
‪海洋现在使它变冷

235
00:35:49,283 --> 00:35:53,323
‪从深海涌出的冷水
‪与夏季温暖的空气相遇…

236
00:35:56,163 --> 00:35:58,323
‪海雾开始形成

237
00:36:01,123 --> 00:36:05,323
‪被当地人称为六月阴霾的海雾
‪笼罩着整个海岸

238
00:36:11,323 --> 00:36:13,323
‪在保护区的北边

239
00:36:13,403 --> 00:36:17,883
‪它将旧金山最具代表性的
‪金门大桥环绕

240
00:36:32,523 --> 00:36:35,963
‪在接下来的几个月 它将沿着海岸线

241
00:36:36,043 --> 00:36:40,083
‪为美国其中一个干旱最严重的州
‪带来急需的水分和湿度

242
00:36:43,243 --> 00:36:45,163
‪它支撑着高耸的森林

243
00:36:53,363 --> 00:36:57,483
‪并在最热的季节
‪保持郁郁葱葱的绿色景象

244
00:37:07,043 --> 00:37:09,603
‪但贯穿整个夏天

245
00:37:09,683 --> 00:37:14,123
‪阳光逐渐驱散雾气 并开始温暖海面

246
00:37:17,083 --> 00:37:19,043
‪新的生物开始出现

247
00:37:22,403 --> 00:37:25,563
‪有些已经行进了几千公里

248
00:37:32,723 --> 00:37:35,003
‪雄伟的蓝鲸

249
00:37:38,043 --> 00:37:42,243
‪在更南边交配地途中
‪它们选择在此地配对

250
00:37:45,083 --> 00:37:48,523
‪三米宽的巨型翻车鱼

251
00:37:48,603 --> 00:37:51,603
‪侧躺着吸收阳光

252
00:38:05,043 --> 00:38:07,203
‪灰海豚在海浪中嬉戏

253
00:38:12,643 --> 00:38:14,803
‪还有新到来的神秘来客

254
00:38:26,443 --> 00:38:28,043
‪大白鲨

255
00:38:35,123 --> 00:38:36,923
‪它大约六岁

256
00:38:39,643 --> 00:38:42,323
‪却还没有大到可以维持自己的体温

257
00:38:44,803 --> 00:38:48,443
‪所以它正在前往
‪圣克鲁兹一个温暖的浅海湾…

258
00:38:52,523 --> 00:38:55,403
‪此处早已被其他夏季游客挤满

259
00:39:12,523 --> 00:39:14,363
‪但它只有1.83米长…

260
00:39:17,563 --> 00:39:19,763
‪且只对吃鱼感兴趣

261
00:39:32,523 --> 00:39:35,843
‪在过去的几年里 许多年幼的大白鲨

262
00:39:35,923 --> 00:39:37,883
‪夏天在这里闲逛

263
00:39:47,043 --> 00:39:49,283
‪这里也被称为鲨鱼公园

264
00:39:49,363 --> 00:39:51,963
‪这也是太平洋最北边

265
00:39:52,043 --> 00:39:54,083
‪众所周知的鲨鱼聚集地

266
00:39:59,563 --> 00:40:03,163
‪对于保护区的人类游客而言
‪这是一个可以欣赏这些

267
00:40:03,243 --> 00:40:06,083
‪海洋代表生物的大好时机

268
00:40:18,963 --> 00:40:23,123
‪但蒙特雷最大的奇观还在后面

269
00:40:30,803 --> 00:40:34,963
‪当阳光与深海升上来
‪营养丰富的海水相遇时…

270
00:40:37,203 --> 00:40:38,963
‪海洋会变成绿色

271
00:40:41,563 --> 00:40:45,883
‪数十亿种被称为
‪浮游植物的微藻繁殖开来

272
00:40:50,243 --> 00:40:53,563
‪它们也许看起来很小
‪但这些类似植物的细胞

273
00:40:53,643 --> 00:40:55,683
‪对所有生命都意义重大

274
00:40:58,803 --> 00:41:01,323
‪在全球范围内 它们产生的氧气

275
00:41:01,403 --> 00:41:04,483
‪超过了世界所有雨林的总和

276
00:41:14,043 --> 00:41:18,763
‪用不了几天 从太空中就可以看到

277
00:41:19,403 --> 00:41:21,363
‪一团绿色火焰在海洋表面形成

278
00:41:24,923 --> 00:41:28,963
‪这些藻华是一条复杂食物链的第一级

279
00:41:31,363 --> 00:41:34,883
‪由夏入秋的时候 它们将触发

280
00:41:34,963 --> 00:41:37,843
‪海洋中一起最不可思议的事件

281
00:41:48,163 --> 00:41:50,563
‪由荨麻水母开始

282
00:41:58,043 --> 00:41:59,723
‪宽50厘米…

283
00:42:02,243 --> 00:42:04,483
‪长度可达4.6米

284
00:42:08,163 --> 00:42:12,443
‪这些不同寻常的生物缓缓移动
‪直到它们发现浮游生物藻华

285
00:42:17,763 --> 00:42:22,603
‪然后 随着均匀搏动
‪它们与水流搏斗并狼吞虎咽

286
00:42:31,923 --> 00:42:33,683
‪组成巨大的群体

287
00:42:49,923 --> 00:42:52,203
‪盛大宴会已经拉开帷幕

288
00:42:56,843 --> 00:42:59,723
‪百万的凤尾鱼也来到此处

289
00:43:01,123 --> 00:43:03,363
‪享用浮游生物

290
00:43:09,043 --> 00:43:13,603
‪这些黑压压 密集的鱼群
‪可以延伸至1.6公里宽

291
00:43:17,003 --> 00:43:18,883
‪但它们自己 也将成为别人的食物

292
00:43:32,763 --> 00:43:34,243
‪加州海狮

293
00:43:35,883 --> 00:43:37,083
‪捕捉凤尾鱼者

294
00:43:48,123 --> 00:43:49,163
‪上百名齐头并进

295
00:43:57,643 --> 00:44:01,923
‪但要在如此广阔的区域内
‪找到鱼群绝非易事

296
00:44:16,323 --> 00:44:18,523
‪座头鲸也加入了这场猎杀行动

297
00:44:28,683 --> 00:44:32,323
‪它们可以从很远的地方
‪将凤尾鱼精准定位

298
00:44:35,203 --> 00:44:37,163
‪至于如何做到的 一直都是一个谜

299
00:44:40,363 --> 00:44:43,283
‪但是海狮似乎知道 鲸鱼想做什么

300
00:44:45,963 --> 00:44:47,683
‪并紧随其后

301
00:44:56,963 --> 00:44:58,683
‪一旦它们对鱼群进行分区…

302
00:45:02,123 --> 00:45:04,483
‪海狮就冲过来了

303
00:45:10,243 --> 00:45:11,563
‪把它们围堵起来

304
00:45:18,803 --> 00:45:22,483
‪当凤尾鱼惊慌失措时
‪它们会形成一个紧密的球形集合

305
00:45:34,843 --> 00:45:37,163
‪19000升的一大口美味

306
00:45:52,123 --> 00:45:54,243
‪团队合作非常有效

307
00:46:09,643 --> 00:46:11,923
‪1000只海豚组成的队伍

308
00:46:13,763 --> 00:46:15,683
‪赶来加入这繁荣景象中

309
00:47:10,363 --> 00:47:14,163
‪鱼群彻底被吃光之前
‪每个成员都可以大吃大喝

310
00:47:28,603 --> 00:47:32,723
‪这场非同寻常的宴席是自然界

311
00:47:33,643 --> 00:47:34,883
‪伟大的奇迹之一…

312
00:47:41,243 --> 00:47:45,843
‪发生在人口稠密的
‪加利福尼亚海岸视野内

313
00:47:57,843 --> 00:48:01,963
‪蒙特雷湾中的海洋生物
‪得到明显的恢复

314
00:48:04,763 --> 00:48:08,283
‪但这只是一幅更巨大拼图中的一小片

315
00:48:12,123 --> 00:48:16,003
‪放眼全世界 海洋健康状况
‪正在急剧恶化

316
00:48:18,723 --> 00:48:22,803
‪海洋温度的上升
‪使整个生态系统被破坏

317
00:48:25,563 --> 00:48:29,883
‪鱼类资源的锐减使食物链惨遭动荡

318
00:48:34,723 --> 00:48:36,843
‪污染正在加剧

319
00:48:38,403 --> 00:48:39,963
‪毒害着我们的海洋

320
00:48:43,043 --> 00:48:44,643
‪想要遏制住这些威胁

321
00:48:45,403 --> 00:48:48,603
‪我们需要扩大规模
‪并将各个海洋保护区连接起来

322
00:48:50,923 --> 00:48:53,163
‪通过保护海洋中的重要地区

323
00:48:53,243 --> 00:48:56,723
‪我们可以产生的影响
‪远超保护区的边界…

324
00:48:58,763 --> 00:49:01,883
‪可以造福到整个海洋
‪乃至我们的生活

325
00:49:03,883 --> 00:49:07,123
‪世界上海洋的命运
‪影响着我们每一个人

326
00:49:07,803 --> 00:49:09,843
‪它们是我们的生命支持系统

327
00:49:10,803 --> 00:49:14,003
‪我们的健康和它们的健康息息相关

328
00:49:17,323 --> 00:49:21,203
‪蒙特雷湾国家海洋保护区
‪让我们看到希望

329
00:49:21,283 --> 00:49:24,683
‪即便人类行为已经损害到海洋

330
00:49:25,883 --> 00:49:30,963
‪只要我们从现在开始做出正确的选择
‪我们依然可以将它治愈

331
00:50:56,443 --> 00:51:01,443
‪字幕翻译：杉山羽海