1 00:00:01,957 --> 00:00:03,307 [music playing] 2 00:00:03,437 --> 00:00:04,830 There is no doubt that there were 3 00:00:04,960 --> 00:00:10,531 people who were petrified about what Calvi might say. 4 00:00:10,662 --> 00:00:12,707 He was under incredible stress. 5 00:00:12,838 --> 00:00:20,063 With Gelli and the Masonic Lodge P2 gone, Calvi feels naked. 6 00:00:20,193 --> 00:00:24,458 He hasn't got the protection that he once had. 7 00:00:24,589 --> 00:00:28,071 Calvi had tried to commit suicide in prison, 8 00:00:28,201 --> 00:00:30,812 it was a scared cat nowhere to go. 9 00:00:30,943 --> 00:00:33,554 It is an indication that Calvi is 10 00:00:33,685 --> 00:00:38,516 prepared to resort to desperate measures. 11 00:00:38,646 --> 00:00:42,302 Calvi was convicted, his passport was taken away, 12 00:00:42,433 --> 00:00:44,870 and he was forbidden to leave the country. 13 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:47,873 And this was not known to very many people. 14 00:00:48,003 --> 00:00:51,398 The bank itself was rotting from the inside, 15 00:00:51,529 --> 00:00:54,053 it was technically insolvent. 16 00:00:54,184 --> 00:00:56,534 Now unable to travel internationally, 17 00:00:56,664 --> 00:01:00,842 how would Calvi raise the money he needs to save his bank? 18 00:01:00,973 --> 00:01:06,152 It's a growing level of chaos and isolation around him 19 00:01:06,283 --> 00:01:08,241 until in the end, he's found hanging 20 00:01:08,372 --> 00:01:09,547 under a bridge in London. 21 00:01:09,677 --> 00:01:12,941 [music playing] 22 00:01:51,588 --> 00:01:55,332 Because more evidence had emerged as to the possibility 23 00:01:55,462 --> 00:01:59,771 that he was killed, including a lot of the fruits of the Kroll 24 00:01:59,901 --> 00:02:02,600 investigation. 25 00:02:02,730 --> 00:02:04,558 There may be more witnesses offering 26 00:02:04,689 --> 00:02:08,867 different scenarios under which he might have been killed. 27 00:02:08,997 --> 00:02:12,349 I think the gathering pressure that the official explanation 28 00:02:12,479 --> 00:02:15,352 for what had happened was inadequate. 29 00:02:15,482 --> 00:02:19,704 And as a result, in 1998, Calvi's body 30 00:02:19,834 --> 00:02:25,971 is exhumed from the family tomb in Drezzo to be re-examined, 31 00:02:26,101 --> 00:02:30,454 maybe provided the evidence where Calvi had been murdered. 32 00:02:30,584 --> 00:02:32,978 And that leads towards the murder trial 33 00:02:33,108 --> 00:02:35,546 held in Rome in 2005. 34 00:02:35,676 --> 00:02:37,287 It's time to open up a murder probe in Italy. 35 00:02:55,653 --> 00:02:57,872 The trial was set in a court that's 36 00:02:58,003 --> 00:03:03,138 attached to Rebibbia prison, a fortified high security 37 00:03:03,269 --> 00:03:06,794 courtroom scene of the big criminal trials 38 00:03:06,925 --> 00:03:09,536 in Rome even today. 39 00:03:09,667 --> 00:03:13,888 The prosecutor, Luca Tescaroli, prepared the case. 40 00:03:14,019 --> 00:03:16,587 It was a difficult uphill battle. 41 00:03:16,717 --> 00:03:21,026 Decades had passed, so a lot of witnesses had died. 42 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:35,780 The murder trial itself made available 43 00:03:35,910 --> 00:03:43,048 a huge quantity of documentary evidence by the prosecutors, 44 00:04:04,983 --> 00:04:10,641 Back in 1981, Calvi was released from prison 45 00:04:10,771 --> 00:04:16,429 temporarily on bail pending appeal of the conviction. 46 00:04:16,560 --> 00:04:20,215 If you want evidence of the ironclad control 47 00:04:20,346 --> 00:04:23,480 that Calvi had over Ambrosiano it 48 00:04:23,610 --> 00:04:24,698 is that days after his conviction, 49 00:04:24,829 --> 00:04:27,397 he chaired a meeting of the board, 50 00:04:27,527 --> 00:04:30,225 and the first thing that they did 51 00:04:30,356 --> 00:04:33,141 was not vote them out of office. 52 00:04:33,272 --> 00:04:36,449 They have a conviction of the head of the bank creating 53 00:04:36,580 --> 00:04:40,235 all types of liability issues for them, it's unbelievable. 54 00:04:40,366 --> 00:04:42,455 They didn't even realize the extent to which he 55 00:04:42,586 --> 00:04:45,110 had put the bank into a hole. 56 00:04:45,240 --> 00:04:46,720 The investigators later found out 57 00:04:46,851 --> 00:04:49,636 that Ambrosiano subsidiaries had borrowed and shuffled 58 00:04:49,767 --> 00:04:52,030 around a billion dollars in loans, 59 00:04:52,160 --> 00:04:55,947 and the Vatican bank owed about $120 million of that. 60 00:04:56,077 --> 00:04:58,950 Calvi took the money for share buybacks for Ambrosiano 61 00:04:59,080 --> 00:05:01,605 and inflated the price wildly. 62 00:05:01,735 --> 00:05:06,261 Everything was a wall of mirrors, nothing was real. 63 00:05:06,392 --> 00:05:09,395 That was a serious problem. 64 00:05:09,526 --> 00:05:13,268 By the end of 1981, six months before his death, 65 00:05:13,399 --> 00:05:15,488 Calvi is unable to raise the money 66 00:05:15,619 --> 00:05:18,012 he needs to stop his convoluted ghost company 67 00:05:18,143 --> 00:05:20,537 network from unraveling. 68 00:05:20,667 --> 00:05:23,322 With no one else to turn to, Calvi 69 00:05:23,453 --> 00:05:26,456 is at the mercy of Marcinkus with his insatiable appetite 70 00:05:26,586 --> 00:05:28,109 for funds for the Vatican bank. 71 00:05:31,069 --> 00:05:34,812 The suggestion is that one of the channels through which 72 00:05:34,942 --> 00:05:37,858 the lifeblood of the bank Ambrosiano hemorrhaged 73 00:05:37,989 --> 00:05:41,732 was this financial support for the solidarity trade Union. 74 00:05:41,862 --> 00:05:45,170 And it's possible that Calvi provided this money 75 00:05:45,300 --> 00:05:47,825 on the assumption that it was a loan and it would be repaid. 76 00:05:47,955 --> 00:05:49,740 And particularly, that point would 77 00:05:49,870 --> 00:05:54,135 be when he was desperately short of money and facing bankruptcy, 78 00:05:54,266 --> 00:05:56,660 clutching at anything that can keep him afloat. 79 00:06:00,620 --> 00:06:04,842 Calvi had sought the assistance of Marcinkus, 80 00:06:04,972 --> 00:06:07,148 but he didn't have the money to pay back 81 00:06:07,279 --> 00:06:11,588 and I think he didn't recognize the obligation to do it. 82 00:06:11,718 --> 00:06:15,287 It came to the point that Marcinkus just faced him down. 83 00:06:15,418 --> 00:06:18,856 It's clearly a risky gamble that they've been involved in. 84 00:06:22,033 --> 00:06:26,080 Marcinkus had agreed to give Calvi these letters saying 85 00:06:26,211 --> 00:06:30,824 that the Vatican bank assumed a direct responsibility for some 86 00:06:30,955 --> 00:06:34,175 of these very heavily indebted offshore companies. 87 00:06:34,306 --> 00:06:36,264 What Marcinkus also did, however, 88 00:06:36,395 --> 00:06:41,966 was he issued counter letters nullifying the comfort letters. 89 00:06:42,096 --> 00:06:45,317 In which he said basically, we don't have any responsibility 90 00:06:45,448 --> 00:06:48,189 for these debts whatsoever. 91 00:06:48,320 --> 00:06:50,670 It was a kind of very high stakes poker game 92 00:06:50,801 --> 00:06:53,673 and he called his bluff. 93 00:06:53,804 --> 00:06:55,980 Marcinkus will vouch for Ambrosiano debts 94 00:06:56,110 --> 00:06:58,896 only if Calvi promises that the Vatican will never 95 00:06:59,026 --> 00:07:01,551 have to pay them. 96 00:07:01,681 --> 00:07:05,729 And Calvi was desperate enough to agree. 97 00:07:05,859 --> 00:07:07,948 By doing this is out and out fraud. 98 00:07:16,566 --> 00:07:18,176 There's a moment of absolute panic 99 00:07:18,306 --> 00:07:20,831 that comes in to somebody who's created a complex network that 100 00:07:20,961 --> 00:07:24,138 depends on servicing the loans which 101 00:07:24,269 --> 00:07:27,098 are inflating the assets and values of all 102 00:07:27,228 --> 00:07:28,229 of your companies. 103 00:07:28,360 --> 00:07:31,058 The minute you stop servicing one loan, 104 00:07:31,189 --> 00:07:36,107 it's like a domino effect, puts him into a frenzy in a panic. 105 00:07:36,237 --> 00:07:38,675 If he can't raise the money, he's in trouble. 106 00:07:38,805 --> 00:07:41,025 As Calvi goes on his search to bail out 107 00:07:41,155 --> 00:07:43,680 the bank from its mounting debts, 108 00:07:43,810 --> 00:07:47,858 his straight arrow deputy, Roberto Rosone 109 00:07:47,988 --> 00:07:50,817 continues to block his creative attempts at financing. 110 00:07:50,948 --> 00:07:56,867 Rosone started asking awkward questions. 111 00:07:56,997 --> 00:08:00,261 It's also important to remember the close financial ties 112 00:08:00,392 --> 00:08:06,050 between the Ambrosiano and the Sicilian Mafia. 113 00:08:06,180 --> 00:08:08,443 To go against those common interests is to risk your life. 114 00:08:11,098 --> 00:08:15,668 Rosone is shot and wounded in downtown Milan. 115 00:08:24,155 --> 00:08:27,158 The hitman is killed by a security guard. 116 00:08:27,288 --> 00:08:32,729 Soon after, he is identified as Danilo Abbruciati, the head 117 00:08:32,859 --> 00:08:36,123 of the infamous Magliana gang. 118 00:08:36,254 --> 00:08:40,519 Organized crime groups, such as the Banda della Magliana, 119 00:08:40,650 --> 00:08:43,217 can act as the tool of others. 120 00:08:43,347 --> 00:08:47,613 For example, providing hitman services. 121 00:08:47,744 --> 00:08:50,921 The Banda della Magliana has close ties 122 00:08:51,051 --> 00:08:54,011 to Pippo Calo and the Sicilian Mafia. 123 00:08:54,141 --> 00:08:55,969 They, of course, are hoping to get their money back. 124 00:08:58,972 --> 00:09:02,106 Calvi was trying to find some sort of a deal 125 00:09:02,236 --> 00:09:04,630 to rescue Banco Ambrosiano. 126 00:09:04,761 --> 00:09:08,460 There was talk of Arab oil money, Iranian money 127 00:09:08,591 --> 00:09:12,377 from people who had become rich under the Shah of Iran, 128 00:09:12,507 --> 00:09:16,207 a deal involving Opus Dei, a secretive right wing 129 00:09:16,337 --> 00:09:20,298 organization that's part of the Catholic Church. 130 00:09:20,428 --> 00:09:22,692 Opus Dei would fit the bill in terms 131 00:09:22,822 --> 00:09:24,694 of being a rich organization and would 132 00:09:24,824 --> 00:09:27,610 be inclined to help somebody if that 133 00:09:27,740 --> 00:09:29,742 helped the church and the Pope. 134 00:09:29,873 --> 00:09:32,832 Opus Dei has denied that they were in contact with him 135 00:09:32,963 --> 00:09:37,794 and there was any idea of them stepping in to bail him out. 136 00:09:37,924 --> 00:09:39,796 All of these deals were pie in the sky 137 00:09:39,926 --> 00:09:42,233 because they would have required an investor 138 00:09:42,363 --> 00:09:46,019 spending vastly more money than the bank was really worth. 139 00:09:57,248 --> 00:09:59,554 He had burned a lot of institutions, 140 00:09:59,685 --> 00:10:03,123 he had taken money, he had lost money for powerful people. 141 00:10:03,254 --> 00:10:05,865 More has come out in the murder trial, 142 00:10:05,996 --> 00:10:07,693 more came out about Mafia connections 143 00:10:07,824 --> 00:10:09,477 that wasn't known at the time. 144 00:10:09,608 --> 00:10:14,091 What led to the death was the fear he was talking. 145 00:10:14,221 --> 00:10:15,875 The people that are worried about what Calvi says 146 00:10:16,006 --> 00:10:17,964 are the La Cosa Nostra, the people 147 00:10:18,095 --> 00:10:20,271 on the mob, the people he's paid money to and they're worried. 148 00:10:37,070 --> 00:10:42,336 Some of the defendants who were the ones who accompanied Calvi 149 00:10:42,467 --> 00:10:46,950 on his last visit to London and arranged his accommodation-- 150 00:11:02,748 --> 00:11:05,664 There was very damning evidence from a witness, 151 00:11:05,795 --> 00:11:08,493 Antonino Giuffre, who's been a very high level 152 00:11:08,623 --> 00:11:10,887 member of Cosa Nostra. 153 00:11:11,017 --> 00:11:15,630 He gave a description of a classic Mafia murder 154 00:11:15,761 --> 00:11:18,764 where somebody gains the confidence 155 00:11:18,895 --> 00:11:23,421 of the potential victim and then he delivers the victim 156 00:11:23,551 --> 00:11:25,205 to his executioners. 157 00:11:25,336 --> 00:11:28,382 He said he knew that had been Carboni's role. 158 00:11:31,385 --> 00:11:37,783 Carboni was acting as a lobbyist fixer for Calvi. 159 00:11:37,914 --> 00:11:41,221 Flavio Carboni was a Sardinian property magnate 160 00:11:41,352 --> 00:11:45,791 who had ties with the mob and was with Calvi in London 161 00:11:45,922 --> 00:11:47,140 in the days leading up to his death. 162 00:11:56,149 --> 00:12:02,329 Carboni's most important role was helping Calvi leave Italy. 163 00:12:02,460 --> 00:12:06,029 Calvin was easily manipulated by people who were quote unquote, 164 00:12:06,159 --> 00:12:07,987 "helping him" before he died. 165 00:12:22,349 --> 00:12:26,484 Did Calvi fear what the arrest warrant was for? 166 00:12:26,614 --> 00:12:30,880 Was it for a crime far greater than a financial scandal? 167 00:12:31,010 --> 00:12:33,752 Perhaps Carboni was playing on that fear 168 00:12:33,883 --> 00:12:36,537 as the arrest warrant has since proven to be false. 169 00:12:40,367 --> 00:12:43,022 Court documents recently brought to light show 170 00:12:43,153 --> 00:12:45,068 that Calvi may actually have been 171 00:12:45,198 --> 00:12:48,854 close to coming under investigation on suspicion 172 00:12:48,985 --> 00:12:52,597 of involvement in the gravest act of terrorism perpetrated 173 00:12:52,727 --> 00:12:56,122 in Italy since the end of the Second World War. 174 00:12:56,253 --> 00:12:58,603 In Bologna, Italy, a powerful explosion 175 00:12:58,733 --> 00:13:02,085 ripped through that towns central railroad station, 176 00:13:02,215 --> 00:13:03,651 reducing it to rubble. 177 00:13:03,782 --> 00:13:06,611 What is already being called Western Europe's worst ever act 178 00:13:06,741 --> 00:13:08,091 of political terrorism. 179 00:13:11,050 --> 00:13:16,926 In order to explain the Bologna massacre, 180 00:13:17,056 --> 00:13:19,580 I prepared some documents. 181 00:13:23,019 --> 00:13:28,285 For the Bologna massacre, there were many, many trials 182 00:13:28,415 --> 00:13:30,896 in Italy. 183 00:13:31,027 --> 00:13:34,900 Now, there is a new trial. 184 00:13:35,031 --> 00:13:37,033 The basis is the Bologna document. 185 00:13:40,123 --> 00:13:43,996 Licio Gelli, the head of the lodge P2, 186 00:13:44,127 --> 00:13:48,696 escaped from Italy in 1981. 187 00:13:48,827 --> 00:13:55,268 On September 13, '82, he was in Geneva. 188 00:13:55,399 --> 00:13:59,664 That day, he's arrested because he's a fugitive. 189 00:13:59,794 --> 00:14:08,020 He carries a document with him which bears the heading Bologna 190 00:14:08,151 --> 00:14:12,111 and bank account number. 191 00:14:12,242 --> 00:14:17,029 But this document remained, for some years, 192 00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:21,381 in the drawers of the Swiss authorities. 193 00:14:21,512 --> 00:14:26,430 Much later on, the Bologna document resurfaced 194 00:14:26,560 --> 00:14:32,001 and it began to reveal its secrets. 195 00:14:35,091 --> 00:14:41,575 It comes out that this is bank account of Licio Gelli. 196 00:14:41,706 --> 00:14:45,144 The document linked with other documents 197 00:14:45,275 --> 00:14:52,282 revealed to streams of sums from Banco Ambrosiano. 198 00:14:52,412 --> 00:14:56,025 The movements went through the accounts 199 00:14:56,155 --> 00:15:01,682 of the close collaborators of Licio Gelli. 200 00:15:01,813 --> 00:15:05,164 It becomes clear that a lot of money 201 00:15:05,295 --> 00:15:10,039 was moved close to the date of the massacre. 202 00:15:13,477 --> 00:15:16,871 The prosecution theory is that this bombing was carried out 203 00:15:17,002 --> 00:15:21,920 because Licio Gelli was close to being ready to achieve 204 00:15:22,051 --> 00:15:26,490 a change of government, a given control of the country to Licio 205 00:15:26,620 --> 00:15:29,667 Gelli and his friends. 206 00:15:29,797 --> 00:15:32,235 What were the secrets that Calvi had 207 00:15:32,365 --> 00:15:36,456 and that he could reveal if push came to shove? 208 00:15:36,587 --> 00:15:39,851 Calvi may have been carrying sensitive financial documents 209 00:15:39,982 --> 00:15:43,507 relating to the Bologna bombing. 210 00:15:43,637 --> 00:15:47,467 That could have constituted a really damaging revelation that 211 00:15:47,598 --> 00:15:48,947 would be worth Calvi's life. 212 00:16:03,266 --> 00:16:05,616 During the trial, the prosecution 213 00:16:05,746 --> 00:16:08,271 puts into evidence a letter that Calvi wrote to Pope John Paul 214 00:16:08,401 --> 00:16:13,798 II dated June 5th, 13 days before he is found dead. 215 00:16:13,928 --> 00:16:16,192 He's even trying to hit up the Pope for some help. 216 00:16:28,639 --> 00:16:30,684 He wrote, "I've been a loyal soldier in helping you 217 00:16:30,815 --> 00:16:32,686 for all these years fight communism in the East, 218 00:16:32,817 --> 00:16:34,471 but I know lots of things, meet with me. 219 00:16:34,601 --> 00:16:36,777 I can tell you what's really going on behind the scenes." 220 00:16:39,867 --> 00:16:43,958 Days before he disappeared, Calvin told his daughter 221 00:16:44,089 --> 00:16:46,004 that she had to leave Italy and said 222 00:16:46,135 --> 00:16:49,573 that he was going to leave. 223 00:16:49,703 --> 00:16:52,837 And he added that if things started to get worse, 224 00:16:52,967 --> 00:16:54,708 he was going to start to tell everything he knew. 225 00:16:57,842 --> 00:17:04,805 So by the 10th of June, Roberto Calvi is a man in flight, 226 00:17:04,936 --> 00:17:06,068 he's a wanted fugitive. 227 00:17:23,389 --> 00:17:27,001 On the run, Calvi flies to Rome where 228 00:17:27,132 --> 00:17:30,570 he meets with Carboni and Ernesto Diotallevi 229 00:17:30,701 --> 00:17:34,792 a leader of the Magliana gang that attempted to kill Rosone. 230 00:17:34,922 --> 00:17:35,836 There, he is briefed. 231 00:18:07,085 --> 00:18:12,395 June 11, 1982, one week before Calvi is found dead. 232 00:18:18,488 --> 00:18:20,098 He has a car that takes him to his little fishing 233 00:18:20,229 --> 00:18:22,579 village of Muggia. 234 00:18:22,709 --> 00:18:27,975 Where Sylvano Vittor has his base of operations 235 00:18:28,106 --> 00:18:30,674 and he's an informant of the finance police, 236 00:18:30,804 --> 00:18:33,590 he's got a powerful motorboat in Trieste. 237 00:18:36,636 --> 00:18:42,164 And so he sends Calvi out to cross the Adriatic 238 00:18:42,294 --> 00:18:45,645 to Yugoslavia. 239 00:18:45,776 --> 00:18:49,693 Waiting on the road beyond the quay, two friends of Vittor 240 00:18:49,823 --> 00:18:51,173 and a dark Fiat. 241 00:18:51,303 --> 00:18:54,263 With guides provided by Vittor he 242 00:18:54,393 --> 00:18:59,268 travels through Yugoslavia and into Austria 243 00:18:59,398 --> 00:19:04,447 to Klagenfurt where the family of the Kleinszig sisters 244 00:19:04,577 --> 00:19:07,711 have their home. 245 00:19:07,841 --> 00:19:09,887 The sisters are romantically attached 246 00:19:10,017 --> 00:19:15,197 to both Flavio Carboni and Vittor 247 00:19:15,327 --> 00:19:17,460 and end up being taken along for the ride. 248 00:19:20,506 --> 00:19:23,422 At 6:00 AM, they reached Klagenfurt. 249 00:19:23,553 --> 00:19:27,426 It is now June 12, 1,400 kilometers 250 00:19:27,557 --> 00:19:30,429 from where Calvi will be found dead in six days. 251 00:19:40,918 --> 00:19:42,615 Casarolii, the Secretary of State, 252 00:19:42,746 --> 00:19:44,443 asked the questions of what's going on. 253 00:19:44,574 --> 00:19:47,403 A Marcinkus, he is a cool customer, 254 00:19:47,533 --> 00:19:50,188 he doesn't get ruffled, he plays dumb. 255 00:19:50,319 --> 00:19:52,669 Carseroni would have been ballistic 256 00:19:52,799 --> 00:19:55,759 if he had known the biggest debtor to Ambrosiano 257 00:19:55,889 --> 00:19:59,023 was the Vatican bank. 258 00:19:59,153 --> 00:20:01,373 With Calvi missing, Roberto Rosone 259 00:20:01,504 --> 00:20:04,681 becomes the Ambrosiano's acting chairman. 260 00:20:04,811 --> 00:20:06,987 Determined to get the bank's money back, 261 00:20:07,118 --> 00:20:10,730 he requests an urgent meeting with Marcinkus. 262 00:20:10,861 --> 00:20:12,732 Marcinkus gives him the cold shoulder by saying, 263 00:20:12,863 --> 00:20:14,821 sorry, he's not around, he's in Switzerland. 264 00:20:14,952 --> 00:20:17,737 A bad sign for Rosone because if Marcinkus' in Switzerland, 265 00:20:17,868 --> 00:20:21,698 he's probably emptying out some Swiss bank accounts. 266 00:20:21,828 --> 00:20:25,005 From the 11th to the 15th, Calvi moves around five or six 267 00:20:25,136 --> 00:20:26,833 different little towns. 268 00:20:26,964 --> 00:20:29,488 He's on the move all the time, but along that border area. 269 00:20:29,619 --> 00:20:32,665 On June 15, he and Vittor board a plane 270 00:20:32,796 --> 00:20:34,232 to London's Gatwick airport. 271 00:20:37,714 --> 00:20:42,675 We don't know for sure why Calvi went to London, 272 00:20:42,806 --> 00:20:46,940 but there's a very strong reason to suspect 273 00:20:47,071 --> 00:20:50,596 that he had been told that there were people who could help him, 274 00:20:50,727 --> 00:20:53,164 could prop up the bank. 275 00:20:53,295 --> 00:20:56,559 Vittor shows Calvi to his hotel. 276 00:20:56,689 --> 00:20:59,431 You're thinking might be at the Ritz, that's 277 00:20:59,562 --> 00:21:01,955 where a banker of his esteem would stay, 278 00:21:02,086 --> 00:21:04,523 but now he's a fugitive, so it's not so easy. 279 00:21:04,654 --> 00:21:07,091 So he has to go to this rundown guest house called the Chelsea 280 00:21:07,221 --> 00:21:08,745 Cloisters. 281 00:21:08,875 --> 00:21:10,312 It's a shared bathroom down the hallway for a number 282 00:21:10,442 --> 00:21:12,662 of rooms, its tattered, bed linens, 283 00:21:12,792 --> 00:21:15,186 and Calvi is not that happy about being there. 284 00:21:18,015 --> 00:21:20,452 Five days after Calvi has gone missing, 285 00:21:20,583 --> 00:21:23,412 Roberto Rosone flies to Rome to meet with officials 286 00:21:23,542 --> 00:21:25,544 from the Vatican bank. 287 00:21:25,675 --> 00:21:27,459 He emphasizes the patronage letters 288 00:21:27,590 --> 00:21:30,332 that Calvi and Marcinkus had signed. 289 00:21:30,462 --> 00:21:31,724 They produced a side letter that was 290 00:21:31,855 --> 00:21:34,814 signed between Calvi and Marcinkus that says, 291 00:21:34,945 --> 00:21:37,077 by the way, you know that patronage letter 292 00:21:37,208 --> 00:21:39,602 you signed in which the Vatican bank backs us up, 293 00:21:39,732 --> 00:21:41,908 don't worry about that, it's just for show. 294 00:21:42,039 --> 00:21:43,780 We'll tell everyone that that's real. 295 00:21:43,910 --> 00:21:46,565 You don't know a thing, you're not liable for anything. 296 00:21:46,696 --> 00:21:49,481 And Rosone is absolutely stunned. 297 00:21:49,612 --> 00:21:51,657 He says, this is outrageous, this is fraud. 298 00:21:51,788 --> 00:21:53,877 They said, yeah, so? 299 00:21:54,007 --> 00:21:56,706 Two are very cool, they don't seem very concerned about it. 300 00:21:56,836 --> 00:21:59,796 And as a result, Rosone knows they've 301 00:21:59,926 --> 00:22:02,364 got to meet with Marcinkus, which they do the next day. 302 00:22:02,494 --> 00:22:04,975 Everything is playing out at rapid speed. 303 00:22:08,326 --> 00:22:11,764 By June 16, Calvi's demeanor has changed. 304 00:22:11,895 --> 00:22:14,637 His confidence is suddenly shaken. 305 00:22:14,767 --> 00:22:17,335 They're waiting for him to deliver on some promise. 306 00:22:17,466 --> 00:22:19,119 So whatever he was supposed to do in London, 307 00:22:19,250 --> 00:22:20,773 whatever door he was supposed to open up, 308 00:22:20,904 --> 00:22:24,908 he's unable to do that, no matter how he tries. 309 00:22:25,038 --> 00:22:27,389 Did a meeting planned for the night before not 310 00:22:27,519 --> 00:22:30,261 turn around his fortunes as he had hoped? 311 00:22:30,392 --> 00:22:32,568 He's feeling very insecure. 312 00:22:32,698 --> 00:22:36,572 Calvi called his wife Clara from the Chelsea Cloisters 313 00:22:36,702 --> 00:22:41,011 and he told her, I no longer trust the people I'm with. 314 00:22:41,141 --> 00:22:42,882 I don't think they went to London to kill him, 315 00:22:43,013 --> 00:22:46,930 but I think that in London, Calvi failed to deliver. 316 00:22:47,060 --> 00:22:50,063 That's when the people with him decided to kill him. 317 00:22:50,194 --> 00:22:52,414 And not just kill him, they decided 318 00:22:52,544 --> 00:22:53,806 to make an example of him. 319 00:23:14,218 --> 00:23:16,916 Di Carlo tells the investigators that when he had finally 320 00:23:17,047 --> 00:23:21,312 gotten in touch, he was told it had been taken care of. 321 00:23:21,443 --> 00:23:22,879 But he wasn't told by whom. 322 00:23:26,709 --> 00:23:30,539 In 1983, Charles Raw, a journalist 323 00:23:30,669 --> 00:23:33,455 for the Times of London, writes an investigative article 324 00:23:33,585 --> 00:23:35,065 on the Calvi murder. 325 00:23:35,195 --> 00:23:38,024 As a result of this major story, a man 326 00:23:38,155 --> 00:23:42,899 called Frank Jennings contacted Raw with a story about a man 327 00:23:43,029 --> 00:23:44,378 that he knew. 328 00:23:44,509 --> 00:23:46,119 Hello, Raw here. 329 00:23:46,250 --> 00:23:48,905 There's a man who confided in me about Calvi's murder. 330 00:23:49,035 --> 00:23:49,819 What's his name? 331 00:23:49,949 --> 00:23:51,777 His name was Sergio Vaccari. 332 00:23:51,908 --> 00:23:52,256 Was? 333 00:23:55,477 --> 00:23:58,697 Sergio Vaccari was an Italian operating 334 00:23:58,828 --> 00:24:04,398 in the world of antiquities and art in London 335 00:24:04,529 --> 00:24:08,707 but also involved in the cocaine trade. 336 00:24:08,838 --> 00:24:12,537 On top of that, a man with ties to the far right in Italy. 337 00:24:15,671 --> 00:24:18,282 If you were looking for a mercenary 338 00:24:18,412 --> 00:24:22,416 to organize an operation like the assassination of Roberto 339 00:24:22,547 --> 00:24:27,030 Calvi, he would be someone probably on your list. 340 00:24:27,160 --> 00:24:30,207 Frank Jennings claimed that Vaccari 341 00:24:30,337 --> 00:24:36,213 had been involved in threatening Calvi with the videos showing 342 00:24:36,343 --> 00:24:37,867 a young woman being tortured. 343 00:24:37,997 --> 00:24:40,434 And the implication was that this 344 00:24:40,565 --> 00:24:43,525 was what might happen to Calvi's daughter 345 00:24:43,655 --> 00:24:47,311 if he didn't bow to whatever requests 346 00:24:47,441 --> 00:24:50,357 were being made of him. 347 00:24:50,488 --> 00:24:53,491 It was clear that in Roberto Calvi's mind 348 00:24:53,622 --> 00:24:55,624 he had no doubt that if the Mafia had to, 349 00:24:55,754 --> 00:24:56,755 they would move against his family. 350 00:24:59,802 --> 00:25:01,020 He calls his daughter. 351 00:25:01,151 --> 00:25:03,936 Again, half of his telephone calls of his six calls 352 00:25:04,067 --> 00:25:05,459 go to his daughter. 353 00:25:05,590 --> 00:25:07,505 This time he has a different tone in his voice. 354 00:25:07,636 --> 00:25:10,552 And he says, you've got to leave Italy, you've got to leave now. 355 00:25:14,207 --> 00:25:20,387 June 17, 1982, the day before Calvi's murder. 356 00:25:20,518 --> 00:25:22,955 Ambrosiano Executive, Michel Lehmans, 357 00:25:23,086 --> 00:25:26,872 finally gets a meeting directly with Marcinkus. 358 00:25:27,003 --> 00:25:30,833 He says to Marcinkus, these letters, if I walk out of here, 359 00:25:30,963 --> 00:25:32,704 the Bank of Italy is going to take over Ambrosiano, 360 00:25:32,835 --> 00:25:34,227 this is going to be all over the news. 361 00:25:34,358 --> 00:25:36,839 This will be the end of you, this is going to go public. 362 00:25:36,969 --> 00:25:38,623 And Marcinkus says to him essentially, 363 00:25:38,754 --> 00:25:43,106 I'll have to pay for what I've done. 364 00:25:43,236 --> 00:25:46,588 Rosone knew that Ambrosiano was going to be taken over 365 00:25:46,718 --> 00:25:49,591 by the Bank of Italy. 366 00:25:49,721 --> 00:25:52,942 So he knew that the bank's time was over. 367 00:25:53,072 --> 00:25:56,293 6:00 PM that night, Bank of Italy regulators 368 00:25:56,423 --> 00:26:00,732 swarm into the bank's headquarters. 369 00:26:00,863 --> 00:26:06,956 7:14 PM, Graziella Corrocher has served 370 00:26:07,086 --> 00:26:10,307 Roberto Calvi as his loyal executive assistant 371 00:26:10,437 --> 00:26:11,743 for over 30 years. 372 00:26:22,754 --> 00:26:26,758 The journalists can hear a commotion and people shouting. 373 00:26:26,889 --> 00:26:29,631 Graziella Corrocher has jumped from the fourth floor 374 00:26:29,761 --> 00:26:33,069 of the Ambrosiano building. 375 00:26:33,199 --> 00:26:33,852 But she left a note. 376 00:26:58,921 --> 00:27:01,140 She wrote this note saying that he should be-- 377 00:27:03,969 --> 00:27:05,928 Not just damned, but extra damned. 378 00:27:42,355 --> 00:27:45,968 Clearly, it was very dramatic for Calvi to receive this news. 379 00:27:59,633 --> 00:28:03,333 Nobody remembers the last time Calvi had his mustache off. 380 00:28:03,463 --> 00:28:05,248 FBI reports over the years have said 381 00:28:05,378 --> 00:28:07,990 that people are fooled by somebody's appearance 382 00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:09,818 with a simple change of hair color 383 00:28:09,948 --> 00:28:12,951 or facial hair in case of a man. 384 00:28:13,082 --> 00:28:15,562 An action to change his physical appearance 385 00:28:15,693 --> 00:28:20,785 possibly an indication that he's perhaps going to leave London. 386 00:28:20,916 --> 00:28:23,919 He's then seen coming down in the lift 387 00:28:24,049 --> 00:28:29,402 with two Italian men on the very last evening of his life. 388 00:28:29,533 --> 00:28:33,232 They leave the building out of a back entrance. 389 00:28:33,363 --> 00:28:36,496 That's the last official sighting of Roberto Calvi. 390 00:28:49,858 --> 00:28:52,425 Casillo was his right hand man of the top 391 00:28:52,556 --> 00:28:54,688 of an organization called the Nuevo Camorra 392 00:28:54,819 --> 00:28:56,429 Organizata: the NCO. 393 00:29:00,694 --> 00:29:05,351 The Camorra is the Mafia of Naples and the Neapolitan 394 00:29:05,482 --> 00:29:06,309 hinterland. 395 00:29:12,924 --> 00:29:17,059 The standard practice of a mob execution 396 00:29:17,189 --> 00:29:20,802 is someone kills the person, then all of a sudden, 397 00:29:20,932 --> 00:29:24,066 the person who did the killing dies. 398 00:29:24,196 --> 00:29:27,721 Because it cuts off the middle person that 399 00:29:27,852 --> 00:29:32,204 can lead in even an indirect way to the people 400 00:29:32,335 --> 00:29:33,640 that are causing the problem. 401 00:29:33,771 --> 00:29:35,077 And they were very good at that. 402 00:30:34,484 --> 00:30:38,792 On the evening of June 17, 1982, Calvi 403 00:30:38,923 --> 00:30:42,579 is driven by Vaccari and Cassio to the outskirts of London, 404 00:30:42,709 --> 00:30:46,322 not far from the Thames. 405 00:30:46,452 --> 00:30:52,154 One night, same time, same tide conditions, I and my chemist 406 00:30:52,284 --> 00:30:54,591 colleague and Jeff Katz of Kroll associates, 407 00:30:54,721 --> 00:30:57,681 we were just seeing what it was like at night 408 00:30:57,811 --> 00:30:59,465 in those conditions and whether it was 409 00:30:59,596 --> 00:31:03,426 possible to bring a boat up. 410 00:31:03,556 --> 00:31:06,255 All through the night, we came down the Thames and all 411 00:31:06,385 --> 00:31:10,085 of these bridges, it took ages. 412 00:31:10,215 --> 00:31:13,349 The traces of oil stains on his trousers 413 00:31:13,479 --> 00:31:16,700 were compatible with a scenario where he might have been bought 414 00:31:16,830 --> 00:31:18,920 on a not very clean boat. 415 00:31:19,050 --> 00:31:20,965 Because of the silt staining on the trousers, 416 00:31:21,096 --> 00:31:24,534 he looked as though he had been sitting upright 417 00:31:24,664 --> 00:31:27,015 with his legs stretched out in front of him 418 00:31:27,145 --> 00:31:30,148 in the bottom of a boat. 419 00:31:30,279 --> 00:31:32,281 And they might have been surprised and overpowered 420 00:31:32,411 --> 00:31:34,761 just before they attached him to the scaffolding. 421 00:31:34,892 --> 00:31:38,330 It's possible that he was hanged somewhere else 422 00:31:38,461 --> 00:31:39,984 and then his body brought by boat. 423 00:32:05,792 --> 00:32:09,405 That night, when we finally got down to Blackfriars Bridge 424 00:32:09,535 --> 00:32:12,669 and discovered that if you wanted to get access 425 00:32:12,799 --> 00:32:16,716 to the scaffolding, the point at which Calvi was suspended 426 00:32:16,847 --> 00:32:19,719 from the scaffolding, that side of the scaffolding 427 00:32:19,850 --> 00:32:22,070 would be the nearest point to where 428 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:24,507 you would want to put the boat to keep control of the boat 429 00:32:24,637 --> 00:32:26,509 to achieve getting him out of it and hanging him 430 00:32:26,639 --> 00:32:27,684 on the scaffolding. 431 00:32:27,814 --> 00:32:29,251 Wouldn't have been the other side, 432 00:32:29,381 --> 00:32:32,297 it would be this side that an experienced boatman would 433 00:32:32,428 --> 00:32:34,560 have used because this gives you better 434 00:32:34,691 --> 00:32:37,041 control over the boat in those kind of tidal conditions. 435 00:32:41,567 --> 00:32:44,266 The trial record states that all the Mafia witnesses 436 00:32:44,396 --> 00:32:46,529 were sure and in agreement in their statements 437 00:32:46,659 --> 00:32:49,619 that it was a murder and not a suicide. 438 00:32:49,749 --> 00:32:52,404 Some also specified that the execution 439 00:32:52,535 --> 00:32:54,972 was part of a Mise en Scene to make it seem 440 00:32:55,103 --> 00:32:56,104 like Calvi had killed himself. 441 00:33:13,295 --> 00:33:15,993 Sergio Vaccari, the other suspect, 442 00:33:16,124 --> 00:33:18,778 was stabbed to death in his flat some time 443 00:33:18,909 --> 00:33:21,433 after the Calvi murder. 444 00:33:21,564 --> 00:33:24,088 It was a very gruesome murder. 445 00:33:24,219 --> 00:33:27,570 He was stabbed repeatedly in the face and chest. 446 00:33:30,355 --> 00:33:32,575 One of the police officers said that he 447 00:33:32,705 --> 00:33:36,057 thought his murder would have required more than one person. 448 00:33:40,626 --> 00:33:44,065 Vaccari it emerges, is a very interesting character 449 00:33:44,195 --> 00:33:45,196 with very interesting contacts. 450 00:33:48,808 --> 00:33:51,898 He had been involved in drug trafficking in Latin America 451 00:33:52,029 --> 00:33:54,858 and also in California, and he had been let off 452 00:33:54,988 --> 00:33:58,557 with a remarkably light sentence after being caught smuggling 453 00:33:58,688 --> 00:34:04,128 in quite significant quantities of cocaine in California. 454 00:34:04,259 --> 00:34:05,782 He might have done some sort of a deal 455 00:34:05,912 --> 00:34:10,352 that he would cooperate in some kind of intelligence capacity 456 00:34:10,481 --> 00:34:13,442 with authorities in return for this astonishingly 457 00:34:13,572 --> 00:34:14,182 light sentence. 458 00:34:17,663 --> 00:34:20,405 The Bologna magistrates who are looking again 459 00:34:20,536 --> 00:34:24,192 at the whole Calvi business have asked the British authorities 460 00:34:24,322 --> 00:34:27,586 for information on Vaccari They're 461 00:34:27,717 --> 00:34:31,547 interested in the contents of security deposit boxes 462 00:34:31,677 --> 00:34:34,593 that he had in London, the contents of which have never 463 00:34:34,724 --> 00:34:36,291 been returned to his family. 464 00:34:36,421 --> 00:34:38,902 The Bologna magistrates have now made a request 465 00:34:39,032 --> 00:34:40,556 to see this material. 466 00:34:40,686 --> 00:34:42,514 And the British authorities are not 467 00:34:42,644 --> 00:34:45,213 responding to them, which raises the question 468 00:34:45,343 --> 00:34:48,041 as to whether the information might 469 00:34:48,172 --> 00:34:51,523 be very sensitive and possibly very revealing. 470 00:34:51,653 --> 00:34:54,874 The British just, as I understand it, 471 00:34:55,005 --> 00:34:57,050 have simply ignored the request so far. 472 00:35:04,667 --> 00:35:08,888 I understand why the mob would want to kill Calvi, 473 00:35:09,019 --> 00:35:12,240 I just don't understand the entire Warner Brothers 474 00:35:12,370 --> 00:35:15,243 scene of the hanging. 475 00:35:15,373 --> 00:35:18,507 It's extremely bizarre for a suicide, 476 00:35:18,637 --> 00:35:20,770 but it's equally bizarre for a Mafia killing. 477 00:35:23,773 --> 00:35:27,298 The thing with Calvi that always struck me is I 478 00:35:27,429 --> 00:35:33,217 can't see the Mafia leaving $13,000 in the wallet. 479 00:35:33,348 --> 00:35:36,002 The only people who would throw away money like that 480 00:35:36,133 --> 00:35:39,223 would be a government agency. 481 00:35:39,354 --> 00:35:41,617 There's an enormous array of things 482 00:35:41,747 --> 00:35:43,749 that Calvi could have spoken about that might have 483 00:35:43,880 --> 00:35:47,188 been embarrassing for the CIA. 484 00:35:47,318 --> 00:35:51,975 The whole P2 operation was basically CIA. 485 00:35:52,105 --> 00:35:56,240 All of that skullduggery ultimately, in my opinion, 486 00:35:56,371 --> 00:35:59,983 comes back to Langley, Virginia. 487 00:36:04,248 --> 00:36:06,119 The impression that people have of the British 488 00:36:06,250 --> 00:36:08,644 being very cursory in their investigation 489 00:36:08,774 --> 00:36:11,647 and not being keen to get to the bottom of this story, 490 00:36:11,777 --> 00:36:15,477 there may have been a role played by British intelligence. 491 00:36:15,607 --> 00:36:18,175 If they felt that he'd been eliminated 492 00:36:18,306 --> 00:36:21,134 by their American cousins, and then 493 00:36:21,265 --> 00:36:25,835 wouldn't want people to know too much. 494 00:36:25,965 --> 00:36:32,885 As a key element in a Western security conspiracy that 495 00:36:33,016 --> 00:36:37,238 had financed anti-communism around the globe, somebody who 496 00:36:37,368 --> 00:36:41,198 was threatening to spill the beans on this operation, 497 00:36:41,329 --> 00:36:43,679 they could well feel that it wasn't 498 00:36:43,809 --> 00:36:47,944 in the interests of the public that anything more should 499 00:36:48,074 --> 00:36:48,597 be known about that. 500 00:36:51,730 --> 00:36:54,429 There are a lot of allegations that you don't 501 00:36:54,559 --> 00:36:56,996 know if are true or not true. 502 00:36:57,127 --> 00:36:58,824 The reason you don't is because the CIA 503 00:36:58,955 --> 00:37:00,261 destroyed all the records. 504 00:37:00,391 --> 00:37:05,440 And I worked for the guy at Justice who did that. 505 00:37:05,570 --> 00:37:08,617 When the Freedom of Information Act was coming about, 506 00:37:08,747 --> 00:37:12,098 their management IT guy, he had all the records. 507 00:37:12,229 --> 00:37:13,622 He came to the CIA leadership and says, 508 00:37:13,752 --> 00:37:15,276 you better get rid of all this stuff 509 00:37:15,406 --> 00:37:17,234 because after this freedom of Information Act, 510 00:37:17,365 --> 00:37:18,931 we're going to have to show some of it. 511 00:37:19,062 --> 00:37:20,411 So they destroyed it all. 512 00:37:31,988 --> 00:37:35,600 Probably, Marcinkus was one of a large group of bystanders 513 00:37:35,731 --> 00:37:40,083 who were happy and personally favored by the fact 514 00:37:40,213 --> 00:37:42,607 that somebody took action and removed Roberta 515 00:37:42,738 --> 00:37:44,914 Calvi from the chess board, 516 00:37:45,044 --> 00:37:47,612 It is the biggest banking collapse in Italian history 517 00:37:47,743 --> 00:37:50,441 and has involved inner circles of the Vatican. 518 00:37:50,572 --> 00:37:53,096 Authorities charged that Marcinkus, as Vatican bank 519 00:37:53,226 --> 00:37:56,578 president, acted improperly and could be involved in fraud. 520 00:37:59,668 --> 00:38:01,931 During the subsequent trial around the bankruptcy 521 00:38:02,061 --> 00:38:07,893 of Banco Ambrosiano, the Vatican is forced to pay $230 million 522 00:38:08,024 --> 00:38:12,681 to its creditors, only a fraction of what it owed. 523 00:38:12,811 --> 00:38:14,944 The Vatican say they were never involved 524 00:38:15,074 --> 00:38:17,338 in dealings with the Ambrosiano Bank, 525 00:38:17,468 --> 00:38:20,036 that they are only paying out in good faith. 526 00:38:20,166 --> 00:38:22,125 It called the payment a donation, 527 00:38:22,255 --> 00:38:25,694 never admitting fault. 528 00:38:25,824 --> 00:38:28,479 This surely must be the highest price ever paid 529 00:38:28,610 --> 00:38:33,223 by the Roman Catholic Church for innocence and good faith. 530 00:38:33,354 --> 00:38:35,965 Earlier in the week, the Vatican fired another American Bishop, 531 00:38:36,095 --> 00:38:37,836 a friend of the Pope. 532 00:38:37,967 --> 00:38:41,187 Italian investigators said Calvi implicated Archbishop Marcinkus 533 00:38:41,318 --> 00:38:42,928 in the fraudulent loan scheme. 534 00:38:43,059 --> 00:38:45,757 They issued warrants for the arrest of the Archbishop, 535 00:38:45,888 --> 00:38:49,239 but Marcinkus stayed inside the Vatican, a sovereign country, 536 00:38:49,370 --> 00:38:53,374 which never gave him up for trial in Italy. 537 00:38:53,504 --> 00:38:55,985 They want him for criminal charges 538 00:38:56,115 --> 00:38:58,857 in the fall of the bank, and the Vatican won't give him up 539 00:38:58,988 --> 00:39:00,381 because they don't have to give him up, 540 00:39:00,511 --> 00:39:03,166 they are a sovereign state. 541 00:39:03,296 --> 00:39:06,604 They refused to turn him over. 542 00:39:06,735 --> 00:39:09,738 Marcinkus could have been put in a Vatican prison for fraud 543 00:39:09,868 --> 00:39:11,435 and he wasn't. 544 00:39:11,566 --> 00:39:13,698 Pope John Paul II loyalty to them 545 00:39:13,829 --> 00:39:15,744 was not to turn them over to the Italians 546 00:39:15,874 --> 00:39:19,095 so that for Marcinkus, it was a bittersweet moment. 547 00:39:19,225 --> 00:39:21,140 The Archbishop is free to leave now 548 00:39:21,271 --> 00:39:24,143 because an Italian court ruled his risk of prosecution 549 00:39:24,274 --> 00:39:25,884 is over. 550 00:39:26,015 --> 00:39:28,800 They reach a deal where Marcinkus can leave the Vatican 551 00:39:28,931 --> 00:39:30,933 and come back to America and spend the rest of his years 552 00:39:31,063 --> 00:39:33,022 quietly in this little diocese in Arizona. 553 00:39:33,152 --> 00:39:35,938 [music playing] 554 00:39:45,730 --> 00:39:49,386 When I was writing my book about the Calvi case, 555 00:39:49,517 --> 00:39:52,781 it was clear that Marcinkus was a key witness to speak to. 556 00:39:56,349 --> 00:40:00,832 But he told me that there was no way he was willing to speak. 557 00:40:00,963 --> 00:40:03,531 I tried incessantly to get him to talk, 558 00:40:03,661 --> 00:40:04,706 he wouldn't give me the time of day. 559 00:40:08,884 --> 00:40:14,367 Marcinkus was very well behaved, right until the end. 560 00:40:21,418 --> 00:40:22,680 Personally, I think it's unlikely 561 00:40:22,811 --> 00:40:25,291 that Marcinkus himself had anything 562 00:40:25,422 --> 00:40:27,859 to do with Calvi's death. 563 00:40:27,990 --> 00:40:30,558 I don't see the Vatican as an organization 564 00:40:30,688 --> 00:40:33,735 that directly hires hitmen. 565 00:40:33,865 --> 00:40:37,086 Other organizations have a more natural vocation 566 00:40:37,216 --> 00:40:38,261 for that kind of thing. 567 00:40:47,357 --> 00:40:50,403 The Vatican says, OK, we can never 568 00:40:50,534 --> 00:40:52,449 put the Vatican bank under one person who doesn't 569 00:40:52,580 --> 00:40:53,755 know anything about finances. 570 00:40:53,885 --> 00:40:57,149 So in the future, we'll make sure it runs right. 571 00:40:57,280 --> 00:40:59,674 Vatican bank in the 90s after Marcinkus theft 572 00:40:59,804 --> 00:41:03,547 was as bad or worse than the Vatican bank under Marcinkus. 573 00:41:03,678 --> 00:41:07,159 It's remarkable that the Leopard doesn't change its spots. 574 00:41:07,290 --> 00:41:09,074 So the Vatican bank didn't change, 575 00:41:09,205 --> 00:41:10,641 it just operated in a different manner. 576 00:41:17,735 --> 00:41:20,869 Michele Sindona is extradited back to Italy 577 00:41:20,999 --> 00:41:24,220 where he is charged with paying $50,000 for the shooting 578 00:41:24,350 --> 00:41:25,700 of Giorgio Ambrosoli. 579 00:41:28,746 --> 00:41:32,794 His prison is Voghera on the outskirts of Milan. 580 00:41:32,924 --> 00:41:36,754 The second day he's in serving his prison sentence. 581 00:41:36,885 --> 00:41:38,451 Breakfast is bottom and he has this espresso, 582 00:41:38,582 --> 00:41:40,541 and he comes out for the bathroom. 583 00:41:40,671 --> 00:41:43,848 He's grabbing his throat and he's eating Italian poison, 584 00:41:43,979 --> 00:41:45,676 and he drops dead. 585 00:41:45,807 --> 00:41:50,376 They investigated, cyanide, he killed himself. 586 00:41:50,507 --> 00:41:53,728 The smell was very strong. 587 00:41:53,858 --> 00:41:54,990 No way it could have been an accident. 588 00:42:03,651 --> 00:42:06,305 But equally, he could have been privy to a lot of very 589 00:42:06,436 --> 00:42:09,613 sensitive secrets and have been required 590 00:42:09,744 --> 00:42:12,703 to take his life in order to preserve 591 00:42:12,834 --> 00:42:15,184 the safety of the members of his family. 592 00:42:15,314 --> 00:42:21,190 And then, of course, in Calvi's case, a suicide, a murder, 593 00:42:21,320 --> 00:42:21,669 a mystery. 594 00:42:28,632 --> 00:42:31,940 It's been 25 years since Roberto Calvi was 595 00:42:32,070 --> 00:42:35,117 found hanging from Blackfriars Bridge in London, 596 00:42:35,247 --> 00:42:38,250 and two years since his murder came to trial at the Court 597 00:42:38,381 --> 00:42:41,210 overseas in Rome. 598 00:42:41,340 --> 00:42:42,733 Finally, a verdict. 599 00:43:06,104 --> 00:43:08,193 One of the things I remember about the acquittal 600 00:43:08,324 --> 00:43:11,414 was seeing Ernesto Diotallevi, one of the defendants, 601 00:43:11,544 --> 00:43:15,766 punching the air in delight and celebration. 602 00:43:15,897 --> 00:43:18,508 The presiding judge dismisses the case 603 00:43:18,639 --> 00:43:21,816 due to lack of evidence. 604 00:43:21,946 --> 00:43:24,035 These judges in two or three months time 605 00:43:24,166 --> 00:43:25,950 will issue a long statement. 606 00:43:26,081 --> 00:43:29,214 And it may even be at that stage that they'd 607 00:43:29,345 --> 00:43:32,827 say there's doubt over whether he was murdered or not, 608 00:43:32,957 --> 00:43:35,699 in which case, we really are right back to square one. 609 00:44:09,037 --> 00:44:12,083 I never thought this was going to end today. 610 00:44:12,214 --> 00:44:14,869 But these are the individuals I consider 611 00:44:14,999 --> 00:44:17,872 responsible for organizing his journey to London 612 00:44:18,002 --> 00:44:20,178 and his murder on the behalf of others. 613 00:44:37,587 --> 00:44:40,198 It's obvious that such a public murder 614 00:44:40,329 --> 00:44:41,765 was meant to send a message. 615 00:44:41,896 --> 00:44:43,941 And I think the message was that if you 616 00:44:44,072 --> 00:44:46,770 share the secrets of the Italian institutions, which 617 00:44:46,901 --> 00:44:48,685 are part of Italian society, including 618 00:44:48,816 --> 00:44:50,556 the Vatican, including the Mafia, 619 00:44:50,687 --> 00:44:56,258 and including P2, you don't threaten to reveal them. 620 00:44:56,388 --> 00:44:59,478 The Calvi affair is a brilliant microcosm of the Cold War, 621 00:44:59,609 --> 00:45:02,307 it's the crime of power. 622 00:45:02,438 --> 00:45:05,658 There's this red thread that runs through this history 623 00:45:05,789 --> 00:45:08,096 of skullduggery. 624 00:45:08,226 --> 00:45:12,404 A lot of the mysterious criminal or terrorist events 625 00:45:12,535 --> 00:45:15,233 that have influenced Italian history since the war 626 00:45:15,364 --> 00:45:17,453 are in there. 627 00:45:17,583 --> 00:45:23,807 The same individuals or the same organizations keep cropping up. 628 00:45:23,938 --> 00:45:25,896 Calvi is doing financial operations 629 00:45:26,027 --> 00:45:28,899 in which millions of dollars are passing 630 00:45:29,030 --> 00:45:31,902 through the hands of these various people, 631 00:45:32,033 --> 00:45:35,776 possibly even to the Bologna bombings. 632 00:45:35,906 --> 00:45:41,085 And the very spectacular end that he meets 633 00:45:41,216 --> 00:45:46,090 is extraordinary shocking and theatrical. 634 00:45:46,221 --> 00:45:49,877 And the whole point of these crimes of power 635 00:45:50,007 --> 00:45:54,011 is that they are conducted by people who enjoy impunity, 636 00:45:54,142 --> 00:45:57,449 and the truth will never come out about it. 637 00:46:14,640 --> 00:46:17,861 Licio Gelli didn't die until 2015 638 00:46:17,992 --> 00:46:20,646 when he was well into his 90s. 639 00:46:20,777 --> 00:46:23,911 And, of course, he took a lot of secrets to the grave. 640 00:46:28,306 --> 00:46:33,094 By 2012, from prison, Frankie "The Strangler" DeCarlo 641 00:46:33,224 --> 00:46:35,531 opens up to the press about Calvi's murder. 642 00:47:06,214 --> 00:47:08,651 The parliamentary commission of inquiry 643 00:47:08,781 --> 00:47:14,004 that's set up to look into the P2 case 644 00:47:14,135 --> 00:47:18,008 never reaches a unified conclusion. 645 00:47:18,139 --> 00:47:22,143 In the report of Tina Anselmi, a metaphor 646 00:47:22,273 --> 00:47:27,800 was written saying that the system of the large P2 647 00:47:27,931 --> 00:47:32,805 is double pyramid. 648 00:47:32,936 --> 00:47:35,634 And suddenly comes up with one theory, 649 00:47:35,765 --> 00:47:40,901 which is the idea of the two pyramids. 650 00:47:41,031 --> 00:47:44,034 The P2 was this state within a state, 651 00:47:44,165 --> 00:47:48,299 with Gelli at the peak of the pyramid 652 00:47:48,430 --> 00:47:52,303 and all his followers members underneath him. 653 00:47:52,434 --> 00:47:55,263 But then there was an inverted pyramid, 654 00:47:55,393 --> 00:47:58,483 if you like, stretching up into the higher 655 00:47:58,614 --> 00:48:04,054 echelons of the state where Gelli was the connection point. 656 00:48:04,185 --> 00:48:06,056 But we don't know-- 657 00:48:06,187 --> 00:48:09,930 that other pyramid remains mysterious. 658 00:48:46,053 --> 00:48:52,189 We still have fascist now, more than Germany had fascist then. 659 00:48:55,366 --> 00:48:57,629 Italy elected its first far right government 660 00:48:57,760 --> 00:49:00,458 since World War two yesterday with Giorgia Meloni 661 00:49:00,589 --> 00:49:02,721 set to become prime minister. 662 00:49:02,852 --> 00:49:05,463 Her party, Brothers of Italy, has its roots 663 00:49:05,594 --> 00:49:08,162 in Mussolini's Fascist Party. 664 00:49:08,292 --> 00:49:12,253 Everything is bigger than us. 665 00:49:12,383 --> 00:49:14,255 [laughs] 666 00:49:14,385 --> 00:49:18,389 [music playing]