1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:05,083 [Dan Aykroyd narrating] 2 00:00:08,208 --> 00:00:11,083 [suspenseful music] 3 00:00:14,042 --> 00:00:16,125 What happens when a town is faced 4 00:00:16,125 --> 00:00:18,458 with an actual whale of a problem? 5 00:00:19,583 --> 00:00:22,583 - This thing is decomposing by the day, 6 00:00:22,583 --> 00:00:26,542 and it might fall apart if pushed or pulled. 7 00:00:26,542 --> 00:00:28,750 - They wanna pack this thing with so much dynamite 8 00:00:28,750 --> 00:00:30,542 that it will literally vaporize. 9 00:00:30,542 --> 00:00:32,625 You might be thinking, "It's a bit excessive, isn't it?" 10 00:00:32,625 --> 00:00:34,250 [explosion booming] 11 00:00:34,250 --> 00:00:37,667 - Or how does one deal with an island overrun by snakes? 12 00:00:37,667 --> 00:00:39,125 [snake hissing] 13 00:00:39,125 --> 00:00:40,750 - These animals are almost impossible to kill. 14 00:00:40,750 --> 00:00:43,208 - So the plan is to bomb the jungle 15 00:00:43,208 --> 00:00:46,083 from helicopters with mice. 16 00:00:46,083 --> 00:00:47,208 - Here's where it gets complicated. 17 00:00:47,208 --> 00:00:48,208 [snake hissing] 18 00:00:48,208 --> 00:00:49,667 - What about the astonishing way 19 00:00:49,667 --> 00:00:52,292 one man keeps his family warm? 20 00:00:52,292 --> 00:00:54,042 - He needs to find something to burn 21 00:00:54,042 --> 00:00:55,500 to save his daughter's life. 22 00:00:55,500 --> 00:00:57,000 [flame sizzling] 23 00:00:57,000 --> 00:01:00,750 They're throwing stack after stack of money onto the fire, 24 00:01:00,750 --> 00:01:03,292 $10,000 at a time. 25 00:01:05,042 --> 00:01:07,333 - These are the ideas so outlandish, 26 00:01:07,333 --> 00:01:09,792 they are truly "Unbelievable." 27 00:01:09,792 --> 00:01:13,250 [dramatic music] 28 00:01:22,375 --> 00:01:25,417 It started as a calm day on the Oregon coast 29 00:01:25,417 --> 00:01:27,917 until a strange stench filled the air 30 00:01:27,917 --> 00:01:29,500 and set the stage 31 00:01:29,500 --> 00:01:32,292 for one of the most bizarre cleanup efforts in history. 32 00:01:32,292 --> 00:01:35,125 [suspenseful music] 33 00:01:35,125 --> 00:01:39,208 - It is a lovely fall day in Oregon in 1970. 34 00:01:39,208 --> 00:01:42,583 People are taking November walks down the beach, 35 00:01:42,583 --> 00:01:46,250 and, all of a sudden, they see this massive whale 36 00:01:46,250 --> 00:01:48,417 washed up on the shore. 37 00:01:48,417 --> 00:01:51,875 - This is a rotting sperm whale 38 00:01:51,875 --> 00:01:54,333 that's the size of a school bus. 39 00:01:56,167 --> 00:02:00,292 We're talking 45 feet long and eight tons. 40 00:02:00,292 --> 00:02:03,208 - At first, the whale is kind of an attraction. 41 00:02:03,208 --> 00:02:04,875 People go to check it out. 42 00:02:04,875 --> 00:02:07,042 People are taking pictures. 43 00:02:07,042 --> 00:02:09,833 But pretty soon, things start to turn 44 00:02:09,833 --> 00:02:11,375 in a different direction. 45 00:02:12,417 --> 00:02:15,250 - It starts to reek very badly. 46 00:02:15,250 --> 00:02:18,208 I mean, this is a massive, rotting mammal. 47 00:02:18,208 --> 00:02:20,042 - You've probably had something go bad 48 00:02:20,042 --> 00:02:21,583 in the back of your refrigerator. 49 00:02:21,583 --> 00:02:26,042 Well, imagine eight tons of rotting leftovers. 50 00:02:26,042 --> 00:02:29,208 People can smell it a mile away. 51 00:02:29,208 --> 00:02:30,833 - [Dan] Back then, beach cleanup fell 52 00:02:30,833 --> 00:02:32,333 upon an unlikely source: 53 00:02:33,292 --> 00:02:35,167 the Oregon State Highway Division. 54 00:02:36,458 --> 00:02:39,208 - The Highway Division considers their options. 55 00:02:39,208 --> 00:02:42,583 This thing is decomposing by the day, 56 00:02:42,583 --> 00:02:46,292 and it might fall apart if pushed or pulled, 57 00:02:46,292 --> 00:02:48,458 making an even bigger mess. 58 00:02:48,458 --> 00:02:52,583 They have to find a way to get rid of it without moving it. 59 00:02:52,583 --> 00:02:54,083 - [Dan] After consulting with the Navy, 60 00:02:54,083 --> 00:02:57,125 the State Highway Division comes up with an explosive plan. 61 00:02:58,208 --> 00:03:01,583 - They wanna bring in a half a ton of dynamite. 62 00:03:01,583 --> 00:03:03,458 Now, 1,000 pounds of dynamite, 63 00:03:03,458 --> 00:03:05,333 you might be thinking, "It's a bit excessive, isn't it?" 64 00:03:05,333 --> 00:03:06,750 That's the plan, though. 65 00:03:06,750 --> 00:03:10,000 The plan is to pack this thing with so much dynamite 66 00:03:10,000 --> 00:03:11,458 that it will literally vaporize. 67 00:03:11,458 --> 00:03:13,625 They want to blow it to smithereens. 68 00:03:13,625 --> 00:03:16,208 - The idea is the bigger the explosive charge, 69 00:03:16,208 --> 00:03:17,583 the better the chances 70 00:03:17,583 --> 00:03:19,167 it will disintegrate the whale carcass. 71 00:03:19,167 --> 00:03:21,667 And whatever small pieces of the whale are left, 72 00:03:21,667 --> 00:03:23,542 well, those will get eaten by seagulls 73 00:03:23,542 --> 00:03:26,542 and other little scavengers like crabs. 74 00:03:26,542 --> 00:03:28,625 - [Dan] That morning, hundreds of people show up, 75 00:03:28,625 --> 00:03:31,208 and the local news even sends their best anchor 76 00:03:31,208 --> 00:03:32,917 to cover the story. 77 00:03:32,917 --> 00:03:34,917 - If there's any large chunks left, 78 00:03:34,917 --> 00:03:37,208 possibly set another charge. 79 00:03:37,208 --> 00:03:38,958 - They pack the whale full of dynamite, 80 00:03:38,958 --> 00:03:40,167 and they start the countdown, 81 00:03:40,167 --> 00:03:41,333 and everybody's getting excited, 82 00:03:41,333 --> 00:03:42,375 and they count it down 83 00:03:42,375 --> 00:03:46,667 with five, four, three, two, one. 84 00:03:46,667 --> 00:03:49,042 [explosion booming] 85 00:03:49,042 --> 00:03:50,250 - [Dan] As the pink mists 86 00:03:50,250 --> 00:03:51,792 of blood and blubber spray the beach, 87 00:03:51,792 --> 00:03:54,417 it seems as though the idea is a success. 88 00:03:55,375 --> 00:03:57,542 - And then people start running, 89 00:03:57,542 --> 00:04:00,292 because what goes up must come down. 90 00:04:00,292 --> 00:04:01,375 [intense music] 91 00:04:01,375 --> 00:04:03,583 - Even from 900 feet away, 92 00:04:03,583 --> 00:04:07,125 people are being pummeled with whale blubber, and blood, 93 00:04:07,125 --> 00:04:10,750 and everything that was rotting inside this giant carcass. 94 00:04:10,750 --> 00:04:13,583 [people screaming] 95 00:04:13,583 --> 00:04:16,417 - People are desperately trying to avoid getting crushed 96 00:04:16,417 --> 00:04:21,333 by these 50-pound chunks of whale. 97 00:04:21,333 --> 00:04:24,458 - [Dan] While no onlookers suffer any major injuries, 98 00:04:24,458 --> 00:04:27,208 one spectator takes a different kind of hit. 99 00:04:27,208 --> 00:04:28,917 [film screeching] 100 00:04:28,917 --> 00:04:32,375 - That day, Walter Umenhofer drives to the beach 101 00:04:32,375 --> 00:04:37,375 in his beautiful, new 1969 Oldsmobile Regency. 102 00:04:38,875 --> 00:04:42,542 Walter is parked a full quarter mile from the explosion, 103 00:04:42,542 --> 00:04:44,375 but that doesn't stop [explosion booming] 104 00:04:44,375 --> 00:04:49,000 a gigantic five-foot-long slab of whale flesh 105 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:50,375 [car rattling] 106 00:04:50,375 --> 00:04:54,542 from landing directly on top of his new car. 107 00:04:54,542 --> 00:04:55,583 - But here's the best part. 108 00:04:55,583 --> 00:04:57,542 When Walter went to go buy this car, 109 00:04:57,542 --> 00:04:59,875 he bought it from the dealership that was holding a sale 110 00:04:59,875 --> 00:05:02,958 that was called, "Get a Whale of a Deal." 111 00:05:02,958 --> 00:05:04,375 - Safe to say, 112 00:05:04,375 --> 00:05:06,542 if another whale ever washes ashore in Lane County, 113 00:05:06,542 --> 00:05:09,542 the folks in charge will definitely think twice 114 00:05:09,542 --> 00:05:11,958 before lighting the fuse. 115 00:05:11,958 --> 00:05:13,417 Lesson learned. 116 00:05:13,417 --> 00:05:16,125 Now, 7,500 miles away, 117 00:05:16,125 --> 00:05:19,958 there's another mammal trying very hard to not get blown up. 118 00:05:19,958 --> 00:05:21,958 [tense music] 119 00:05:21,958 --> 00:05:25,042 - Cambodia's the site of a great deal of Cold War combat, 120 00:05:25,042 --> 00:05:26,167 [gunshots echoing] 121 00:05:26,167 --> 00:05:27,458 stretching from the 1960s 122 00:05:27,458 --> 00:05:28,875 all the way through to the 1990s. 123 00:05:28,875 --> 00:05:30,458 [gunshots echoing] 124 00:05:30,458 --> 00:05:33,375 - During this time, combatant groups found landmines 125 00:05:33,375 --> 00:05:36,167 to be a very effective way of fighting the war. 126 00:05:36,167 --> 00:05:37,208 [explosion booming] 127 00:05:37,208 --> 00:05:39,375 - It's an extremely reliable weapon. 128 00:05:39,375 --> 00:05:41,167 You can put it somewhere, walk away, 129 00:05:41,167 --> 00:05:42,292 and forget about it. 130 00:05:42,292 --> 00:05:44,500 [gunshots echoing] [explosion booming] 131 00:05:44,500 --> 00:05:46,208 - [Dan] Long after the war ends, 132 00:05:46,208 --> 00:05:48,542 the forgotten landmines remain buried, 133 00:05:48,542 --> 00:05:51,292 turning ordinary fields into death traps. 134 00:05:52,083 --> 00:05:53,417 - By 2016 in Cambodia, 135 00:05:53,417 --> 00:05:54,667 it is estimated there are 136 00:05:54,667 --> 00:05:57,667 close to six million active land mines 137 00:05:57,667 --> 00:05:59,875 and other undetonated explosives 138 00:05:59,875 --> 00:06:01,667 spread throughout the countryside. 139 00:06:03,042 --> 00:06:06,375 - Now, you have to appreciate how incredibly scary this is. 140 00:06:06,375 --> 00:06:08,833 They have absolutely no record 141 00:06:08,833 --> 00:06:12,125 of where these mines and these bombs are. 142 00:06:12,125 --> 00:06:13,917 They could be anywhere. 143 00:06:14,792 --> 00:06:16,542 - For years, the solution has been 144 00:06:16,542 --> 00:06:18,500 to send bomb experts in body armor 145 00:06:18,500 --> 00:06:21,500 using metal detectors and soil density detectors. 146 00:06:21,500 --> 00:06:23,083 But this is expensive. 147 00:06:23,083 --> 00:06:24,542 It's very, very slow. 148 00:06:24,542 --> 00:06:26,875 Also, it's incredibly dangerous. 149 00:06:28,208 --> 00:06:29,667 - [Dan] That's when a plan comes along 150 00:06:29,667 --> 00:06:32,583 to bring in an unusual squadron of bomb detectors 151 00:06:32,583 --> 00:06:34,417 to sniff out the problem. 152 00:06:35,875 --> 00:06:40,208 - About 5,000 miles away, in the country of Tanzania, 153 00:06:40,208 --> 00:06:42,833 there is an organization called APOPO. 154 00:06:42,833 --> 00:06:47,125 APOPO are using giant African pouched rats 155 00:06:47,125 --> 00:06:49,583 to sniff out landmines 156 00:06:49,583 --> 00:06:52,083 in conflict areas around the globe. 157 00:06:54,292 --> 00:06:55,750 - The giant African pouched rat 158 00:06:55,750 --> 00:06:58,625 is kind of the perfect bomb-sniffing animal. 159 00:06:58,625 --> 00:07:01,333 They actually have very bad eyesight, 160 00:07:01,333 --> 00:07:02,708 so they really rely 161 00:07:02,708 --> 00:07:06,042 on this incredibly fine-tuned sense of smell 162 00:07:06,042 --> 00:07:07,417 to do just about everything, 163 00:07:07,417 --> 00:07:10,375 to navigate, to find food, and so on. 164 00:07:10,375 --> 00:07:12,458 They call them hero rats, 165 00:07:12,458 --> 00:07:15,042 and their noses are even more sensitive 166 00:07:15,042 --> 00:07:17,542 than those found on dogs. 167 00:07:17,542 --> 00:07:19,500 - [Dan] There's also another crucial benefit 168 00:07:19,500 --> 00:07:20,792 that works in their favor. 169 00:07:22,042 --> 00:07:25,875 - Most mines take approximately 11 pounds of pressure 170 00:07:25,875 --> 00:07:28,458 to set off the detonation switch. 171 00:07:28,458 --> 00:07:31,458 Well, the heaviest an African pouched rat can be 172 00:07:31,458 --> 00:07:33,750 is two to two and a half pounds, 173 00:07:33,750 --> 00:07:38,750 so they can traverse the terrain incredibly well and safely. 174 00:07:40,125 --> 00:07:42,042 - [Dan] So how do you get a rat to sniff out a landmine? 175 00:07:42,042 --> 00:07:43,167 [slides flicking] 176 00:07:43,167 --> 00:07:45,875 - Mine-sniffing rats take about a year to train. 177 00:07:45,875 --> 00:07:49,375 At 10 weeks, the pups are weaned from their mothers, 178 00:07:49,375 --> 00:07:52,667 and given basic clicker training 179 00:07:52,667 --> 00:07:55,542 where they learn to associate the sound of a click 180 00:07:55,542 --> 00:07:57,750 with a tasty food reward. 181 00:07:57,750 --> 00:07:59,375 - Then, they're introduced 182 00:07:59,375 --> 00:08:02,875 to a small metal ball containing TNT. 183 00:08:02,875 --> 00:08:05,000 When they sniff it, they'd hear a click, 184 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:07,833 and they'd get a little tasty reward like a banana. 185 00:08:09,042 --> 00:08:11,042 - From there, they're taken to the field 186 00:08:11,042 --> 00:08:12,375 where they begin to train 187 00:08:12,375 --> 00:08:15,792 with real but deactivated landmines. 188 00:08:17,708 --> 00:08:20,083 - [Dan] By 2016, the Cambodian government is ready 189 00:08:20,083 --> 00:08:22,792 to put these African mine-sniffing rats to work. 190 00:08:23,792 --> 00:08:24,708 - They're going to be targeting 191 00:08:24,708 --> 00:08:26,958 the Srey Nui area of Siem Reap 192 00:08:26,958 --> 00:08:29,583 where it is known that the farmland is littered 193 00:08:29,583 --> 00:08:31,833 with anti-personnel mines. 194 00:08:31,833 --> 00:08:34,083 - The rats are brought into a field where they'll be working 195 00:08:34,083 --> 00:08:37,625 and they're all hooked to a string that's about knee height. 196 00:08:38,417 --> 00:08:40,042 - Picture a grid system 197 00:08:40,042 --> 00:08:43,958 in which each rat is hooked to a line 198 00:08:43,958 --> 00:08:45,583 via a short leash. 199 00:08:45,583 --> 00:08:48,625 And, as they're sent out along this grid system, 200 00:08:48,625 --> 00:08:51,292 they trail behind them a measuring tape. 201 00:08:51,292 --> 00:08:54,625 So when the rat detects a mine, 202 00:08:54,625 --> 00:08:57,833 the handler can pinpoint its exact spot. 203 00:08:57,833 --> 00:08:59,417 - [Dan] Once a mine is detected, 204 00:08:59,417 --> 00:09:02,042 the rats signal to their handlers. 205 00:09:02,042 --> 00:09:05,875 - The rats put their noses high up into the air and sniff 206 00:09:05,875 --> 00:09:09,083 while enthusiastically scratching at the ground 207 00:09:09,083 --> 00:09:10,792 in front of them. 208 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:14,083 - The hero rats are not only thorough, 209 00:09:14,083 --> 00:09:17,000 they're able to work incredibly efficiently. 210 00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:20,083 It could take a crew of human beings five days 211 00:09:20,083 --> 00:09:22,917 to clear an area the size of a tennis court. 212 00:09:22,917 --> 00:09:25,708 Hero rats could do that in 30 minutes. 213 00:09:25,708 --> 00:09:28,750 - Since 2016, hero rats have found 214 00:09:28,750 --> 00:09:31,792 roughly 1,200 anti-personnel mines, 215 00:09:31,792 --> 00:09:35,667 and more than 700 unexploded bombs in Cambodia. 216 00:09:36,833 --> 00:09:38,583 - [Dan] But one stands out from the pack: 217 00:09:38,583 --> 00:09:41,750 Magawa, the GOAT of hero rats. 218 00:09:42,708 --> 00:09:45,417 - This little giant has sniffed out 219 00:09:45,417 --> 00:09:48,875 over 100 landmines and other explosives 220 00:09:48,875 --> 00:09:52,875 during five years of active duty in Cambodia. 221 00:09:52,875 --> 00:09:56,292 - In 2020, Magawa is actually awarded a gold medal 222 00:09:56,292 --> 00:09:58,208 by a UK veterinary charity, 223 00:09:58,208 --> 00:10:01,708 because of his lifesaving devotion to duty. 224 00:10:01,708 --> 00:10:04,500 [dramatic music] 225 00:10:04,500 --> 00:10:05,917 - After retiring from service, 226 00:10:05,917 --> 00:10:08,000 the bomb sniffers get to live out their lives 227 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:11,208 in the lap of luxury with other hero rats 228 00:10:11,208 --> 00:10:13,167 back home in Tanzania. 229 00:10:13,167 --> 00:10:16,333 Not a bad way to spend your golden years. 230 00:10:20,667 --> 00:10:22,583 - Today, modern dentistry has put a perfect smile 231 00:10:22,583 --> 00:10:24,875 within reach of anyone with enough cash. 232 00:10:24,875 --> 00:10:28,542 But there was a time when that pristine set of chompers 233 00:10:28,542 --> 00:10:31,000 required a much bigger sacrifice. 234 00:10:33,083 --> 00:10:35,667 - In 1815 in London, 235 00:10:35,667 --> 00:10:38,375 dental care is nothing like it is today. 236 00:10:38,375 --> 00:10:40,042 [tooth breaking] 237 00:10:40,042 --> 00:10:42,250 You can't just pop down to the drugstore and buy toothpaste, 238 00:10:42,250 --> 00:10:44,042 and it'll be another 40 years 239 00:10:44,042 --> 00:10:47,708 before there's anything resembling trained dentists. 240 00:10:47,708 --> 00:10:50,875 Suffice to say, teeth are in pretty bad shape. 241 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:57,000 - If you are a rich Georgian living in London at this time, 242 00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:01,708 what you really, really want is a beautiful set of teeth. 243 00:11:01,708 --> 00:11:03,708 - [Dan] Which is easier said than done, 244 00:11:03,708 --> 00:11:06,792 because the upper class has a bit of a sweet tooth. 245 00:11:06,792 --> 00:11:09,292 - Sugar is a status symbol. 246 00:11:09,292 --> 00:11:11,958 The more confections that you have on your table, 247 00:11:11,958 --> 00:11:14,542 the greater your wealth is presented 248 00:11:14,542 --> 00:11:16,125 to your friends and your peers. 249 00:11:16,125 --> 00:11:17,875 - There's cakes, there's candies, 250 00:11:17,875 --> 00:11:19,542 there's sweet treats and pastries. 251 00:11:19,542 --> 00:11:21,125 They have no idea 252 00:11:21,125 --> 00:11:24,083 that the sugar is actually rotting away their teeth. 253 00:11:24,083 --> 00:11:25,958 - And any false teeth at the time, 254 00:11:25,958 --> 00:11:27,958 those are gonna be made from ivory 255 00:11:27,958 --> 00:11:30,542 that is taken from animals like elephants, 256 00:11:30,542 --> 00:11:32,208 but they don't feel good, 257 00:11:32,208 --> 00:11:35,000 they wobble, and it makes it really hard to chew. 258 00:11:35,000 --> 00:11:38,000 And, for some people, it even affects the way they speak. 259 00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:42,792 - So what's the only surefire replacement for a human tooth? 260 00:11:42,792 --> 00:11:44,292 More human teeth. 261 00:11:44,292 --> 00:11:46,958 So there's an entire black market amongst the poor 262 00:11:46,958 --> 00:11:49,833 to sell their teeth to dentists, 263 00:11:49,833 --> 00:11:52,958 and they go straight into the mouths of the rich. 264 00:11:52,958 --> 00:11:56,583 - The problem is that there aren't enough human teeth around 265 00:11:56,583 --> 00:11:59,542 for the supply to meet the demand. 266 00:11:59,542 --> 00:12:03,208 So these experts turn to another source, 267 00:12:03,208 --> 00:12:04,417 not the living, 268 00:12:04,417 --> 00:12:06,417 but the recently deceased. 269 00:12:07,833 --> 00:12:10,125 - [Dan] And just as the demand for dentures grows, 270 00:12:10,125 --> 00:12:12,458 fate delivers a grim solution. 271 00:12:13,625 --> 00:12:16,917 - On June 18th, 1815, 272 00:12:16,917 --> 00:12:19,750 the Battle of Waterloo takes place. 273 00:12:19,750 --> 00:12:21,708 This is the final battle 274 00:12:21,708 --> 00:12:25,250 in Napoleon's 23-year quest 275 00:12:25,250 --> 00:12:27,375 to take over Europe. 276 00:12:27,375 --> 00:12:30,833 70,000 French forces take arms 277 00:12:30,833 --> 00:12:35,625 against over 113,000 British and their allies, 278 00:12:35,625 --> 00:12:37,375 and the French are defeated. 279 00:12:37,375 --> 00:12:38,458 In the course of battle, 280 00:12:38,458 --> 00:12:41,208 47,000 soldiers die. 281 00:12:41,208 --> 00:12:43,958 - [Dan] It doesn't take long for gruesome opportunists 282 00:12:43,958 --> 00:12:46,958 to turn the bloodshed into a business. 283 00:12:46,958 --> 00:12:49,917 - These scavengers go around yanking out 284 00:12:49,917 --> 00:12:52,625 tooth after tooth after tooth. 285 00:12:52,625 --> 00:12:53,750 [tooth breaking] 286 00:12:53,750 --> 00:12:55,292 - After they collect these, 287 00:12:55,292 --> 00:12:59,083 they sell them to dentists for six pence a tooth. 288 00:12:59,083 --> 00:13:00,917 It's about seven bucks today. 289 00:13:00,917 --> 00:13:02,167 If that sounds like not very much, 290 00:13:02,167 --> 00:13:03,833 think about more than a million teeth. 291 00:13:03,833 --> 00:13:07,708 This is more than a $7-million deal all told. 292 00:13:07,708 --> 00:13:10,500 - And what makes these ones so great is that 293 00:13:10,500 --> 00:13:13,375 they're predominantly from people in their early twenties 294 00:13:13,375 --> 00:13:14,833 or even younger. 295 00:13:14,833 --> 00:13:18,500 So these are fit, healthy people, good teeth. 296 00:13:18,500 --> 00:13:21,125 - [Dan] Dentists across London begin filling orders 297 00:13:21,125 --> 00:13:25,750 for what will come to be known as Waterloo teeth. 298 00:13:25,750 --> 00:13:27,542 - Of course, the dentists mark up 299 00:13:27,542 --> 00:13:30,083 that six-pence-a-tooth price 300 00:13:30,083 --> 00:13:32,208 when they're creating these dentures, 301 00:13:32,208 --> 00:13:34,708 but everyone wants to get a set of Waterloo teeth, 302 00:13:34,708 --> 00:13:36,333 because that means you have 303 00:13:36,333 --> 00:13:39,125 the teeth of a young, healthy soldier. 304 00:13:39,125 --> 00:13:42,042 - It even becomes something of a bragging statement 305 00:13:42,042 --> 00:13:43,375 for someone to say, 306 00:13:43,375 --> 00:13:46,250 "Hey, I've got a mouth full of Waterloo teeth." 307 00:13:47,667 --> 00:13:49,875 - [Dan] Thankfully, it doesn't become a permanent solution. 308 00:13:49,875 --> 00:13:51,208 [slide clicking] 309 00:13:51,208 --> 00:13:52,750 - By the middle of the 19th century, 310 00:13:52,750 --> 00:13:56,375 advances in technology like porcelain and vulcanized rubber 311 00:13:56,375 --> 00:13:59,667 render obsolete the practices of harvesting teeth 312 00:13:59,667 --> 00:14:02,458 from the deceased. [tooth breaking] 313 00:14:02,458 --> 00:14:05,083 - Sure, money can buy a fancy new set of pearly whites, 314 00:14:05,083 --> 00:14:07,208 but it can't fix everything 315 00:14:07,208 --> 00:14:09,250 unless, of course, you're the most ruthless 316 00:14:09,250 --> 00:14:11,458 drug cartel kingpin in history. 317 00:14:12,792 --> 00:14:14,833 - In the cocaine capital of South America 318 00:14:14,833 --> 00:14:16,083 with bombings every night, 319 00:14:16,083 --> 00:14:18,708 Medellin begins to look like a city under siege. 320 00:14:18,708 --> 00:14:20,292 [slides clicking] 321 00:14:20,292 --> 00:14:23,208 - Pablo Escobar's easily the world's biggest drug trafficker 322 00:14:23,208 --> 00:14:25,625 in the eighties and the nineties. 323 00:14:25,625 --> 00:14:29,542 At his height, he is supplying the United States 324 00:14:29,542 --> 00:14:32,333 with about 80% of its cocaine. 325 00:14:32,333 --> 00:14:34,875 - [News Anchor] Western demand for the drug 326 00:14:34,875 --> 00:14:36,458 almost outstrips supplies. 327 00:14:36,458 --> 00:14:40,042 - This makes him one of the richest people on planet Earth 328 00:14:40,042 --> 00:14:43,333 with roughly $30 billion to his name, 329 00:14:43,333 --> 00:14:46,333 about $75 billion in today's money. 330 00:14:47,667 --> 00:14:49,875 - And Pablo Escobar has no problem showing off his wealth. 331 00:14:49,875 --> 00:14:50,833 [slide clicking] 332 00:14:50,833 --> 00:14:53,042 He's got a private zoo, yachts, 333 00:14:53,042 --> 00:14:55,250 and mansions, and cars. 334 00:14:56,250 --> 00:14:57,875 He's also got no problem using his money 335 00:14:57,875 --> 00:15:00,833 to buy influence with politicians, 336 00:15:00,833 --> 00:15:02,500 and, in some cases, using his money 337 00:15:02,500 --> 00:15:05,542 to pay for the murder of people that might get in his way. 338 00:15:05,542 --> 00:15:06,542 [slides clicking] 339 00:15:06,542 --> 00:15:08,042 - [Dan] Eventually, by 1991, 340 00:15:08,042 --> 00:15:11,542 mounting pressure forces the Colombian government to act. 341 00:15:11,542 --> 00:15:13,042 Kind of. 342 00:15:13,042 --> 00:15:16,042 - They put Escobar in a very low-security prison, 343 00:15:16,042 --> 00:15:19,375 so low, in fact, that they let him design it himself, 344 00:15:19,375 --> 00:15:22,500 and he puts in a sauna, and a pool, and a nightclub. 345 00:15:23,750 --> 00:15:24,750 - Unfortunately, but 346 00:15:24,750 --> 00:15:25,958 not surprisingly, 347 00:15:25,958 --> 00:15:27,542 Pablo's actually still running 348 00:15:27,542 --> 00:15:28,958 his criminal enterprise 349 00:15:28,958 --> 00:15:30,958 from inside these prison walls. 350 00:15:31,958 --> 00:15:33,917 And when he commits a murder on prison grounds, 351 00:15:33,917 --> 00:15:36,167 the Colombian government has had enough. 352 00:15:36,167 --> 00:15:38,250 - [Dan] When prison officials attempt to transfer him 353 00:15:38,250 --> 00:15:41,917 to a higher-security institution, Escobar flees. 354 00:15:43,458 --> 00:15:46,667 - Escobar collects his wife, his young daughter, his son, 355 00:15:46,667 --> 00:15:48,208 and a few bodyguards, 356 00:15:48,208 --> 00:15:49,375 and they go into hiding, 357 00:15:49,375 --> 00:15:52,042 jumping from safe house to safe house. 358 00:15:52,042 --> 00:15:54,042 - Escobar is hiding out in a safe house 359 00:15:54,042 --> 00:15:57,458 that is located very high up in the Andes mountains. 360 00:15:57,458 --> 00:16:00,125 - One night, his 8-year-old daughter Manuela complains 361 00:16:00,125 --> 00:16:01,792 about being cold. 362 00:16:01,792 --> 00:16:03,333 Escobar and his wife can see 363 00:16:03,333 --> 00:16:05,542 that she's shivering and turning blue, 364 00:16:05,542 --> 00:16:07,333 suffering from hypothermia. 365 00:16:08,292 --> 00:16:10,500 - With Manuela's condition getting worse, 366 00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:12,875 Escobar realizes he needs to make a fire 367 00:16:12,875 --> 00:16:14,042 to warm his daughter up, 368 00:16:14,042 --> 00:16:16,208 but this is rocky terrain. 369 00:16:16,208 --> 00:16:18,750 There is no tree to cut down to build a fire, 370 00:16:18,750 --> 00:16:20,542 and he needs to find something to burn 371 00:16:20,542 --> 00:16:22,750 to save his daughter's life. 372 00:16:22,750 --> 00:16:25,125 - [Dan] Luckily, this is one problem 373 00:16:25,125 --> 00:16:27,500 he can still use his money for. 374 00:16:27,500 --> 00:16:28,792 [wall smashing] 375 00:16:28,792 --> 00:16:30,083 - Like a lot of drug dealers, 376 00:16:30,083 --> 00:16:32,750 a good amount of his fortune is in paper cash, 377 00:16:32,750 --> 00:16:37,083 which he's hidden in cellars and in walls in his hideaways. 378 00:16:37,083 --> 00:16:41,708 - So his plan is to literally burn his money. 379 00:16:41,708 --> 00:16:44,292 [dramatic music] 380 00:16:44,292 --> 00:16:45,542 - [Dan] The cash is collected, 381 00:16:45,542 --> 00:16:49,583 and then he sets it on fire. [flame sizzling] 382 00:16:49,583 --> 00:16:51,917 - Now, we're not dealing with Colombian pesos. 383 00:16:51,917 --> 00:16:54,000 This is U.S. currency. 384 00:16:54,000 --> 00:16:55,833 And as the fire builds, 385 00:16:55,833 --> 00:17:00,083 they're throwing stack after stack of money onto the fire, 386 00:17:00,083 --> 00:17:03,042 $10,000 at a time. 387 00:17:04,208 --> 00:17:06,500 - [Dan] That night, Pablo Escobar burns $2 million 388 00:17:07,583 --> 00:17:09,375 to keep his daughter warm. 389 00:17:09,375 --> 00:17:11,208 - It helps to stave off the hypothermia, 390 00:17:11,208 --> 00:17:13,792 and the Escobar family lives to run another day. 391 00:17:13,792 --> 00:17:16,667 But this doesn't last forever. 392 00:17:16,667 --> 00:17:18,625 - On December 2nd, 1993, 393 00:17:18,625 --> 00:17:21,375 Pablo Escobar is shot in the head and killed 394 00:17:21,375 --> 00:17:22,875 during a shootout with authorities 395 00:17:22,875 --> 00:17:24,375 on a rooftop in Colombia. 396 00:17:25,208 --> 00:17:26,208 [shotgun echoing] 397 00:17:26,208 --> 00:17:28,292 [electronic music] 398 00:17:28,292 --> 00:17:31,333 - Technically, given Escobar's $30-billion fortune, 399 00:17:31,333 --> 00:17:34,208 he could have kept up his very expensive life hack 400 00:17:34,208 --> 00:17:37,000 every night for over 40 years. 401 00:17:41,042 --> 00:17:43,083 - Controlling pests is as old and vexing 402 00:17:43,083 --> 00:17:45,125 as any problem in human history. 403 00:17:45,125 --> 00:17:47,042 But when a Micronesian island becomes overrun 404 00:17:47,042 --> 00:17:49,042 with unwanted vermin, 405 00:17:49,042 --> 00:17:52,667 their solution is a bit outside the box. 406 00:17:54,333 --> 00:17:57,000 - The Pacific island of Guam is part of Micronesia, 407 00:17:57,000 --> 00:17:58,750 but it's a U.S. territory. 408 00:17:58,750 --> 00:18:02,250 It's a beautiful island. It's got resorts and palm trees, 409 00:18:02,250 --> 00:18:03,917 and beautiful beaches. 410 00:18:03,917 --> 00:18:06,292 - But behind all that, 411 00:18:06,292 --> 00:18:07,833 you've got all of this jungle, 412 00:18:07,833 --> 00:18:11,708 and that jungle is just totally and completely littered 413 00:18:11,708 --> 00:18:13,250 with venomous snakes. 414 00:18:14,417 --> 00:18:16,250 - [Dan] They're known as brown tree snakes, 415 00:18:16,250 --> 00:18:18,250 and these nocturnal predators can grow 416 00:18:18,250 --> 00:18:20,125 to be over six feet long. 417 00:18:22,042 --> 00:18:24,250 - The brown tree snake is an invasive creature. 418 00:18:24,250 --> 00:18:26,083 They started showing up on the island 419 00:18:26,083 --> 00:18:28,250 shortly after World War II, 420 00:18:28,250 --> 00:18:30,875 hiding in Indonesian shipping vessels 421 00:18:30,875 --> 00:18:32,875 destined for the ports of Guam. 422 00:18:32,875 --> 00:18:34,375 - When they were unloaded on Guam, 423 00:18:34,375 --> 00:18:36,708 the animals slithered off into the jungle, 424 00:18:36,708 --> 00:18:38,083 and entered an environment 425 00:18:38,083 --> 00:18:42,208 where they face absolutely no predator at all. 426 00:18:42,208 --> 00:18:43,458 [snake hissing] 427 00:18:43,458 --> 00:18:44,875 - They're at the top of the food chain, 428 00:18:44,875 --> 00:18:47,083 so they can literally eat anything that they want to. 429 00:18:47,083 --> 00:18:49,167 They've eaten most of Guam's birds, 430 00:18:49,167 --> 00:18:50,667 and because of that, 431 00:18:50,667 --> 00:18:52,583 there are no birds that are seeding the ground any more, 432 00:18:52,583 --> 00:18:55,042 which causes the thinning of the forest. 433 00:18:55,042 --> 00:18:57,375 They're eating power lines, biting villagers, 434 00:18:57,375 --> 00:18:58,875 and they're biting children. 435 00:18:58,875 --> 00:19:00,375 [snake hissing] 436 00:19:00,375 --> 00:19:02,750 And so it's decided that these snakes have gotta go. 437 00:19:04,750 --> 00:19:06,958 - These animals are almost impossible to kill, 438 00:19:06,958 --> 00:19:08,917 because they are nocturnal. 439 00:19:08,917 --> 00:19:10,250 Plus, they're arboreal, 440 00:19:10,250 --> 00:19:12,167 which means that they're pretty much outta reach 441 00:19:12,167 --> 00:19:13,583 at most points, 442 00:19:13,583 --> 00:19:15,667 because they're way at the top of the canopy. 443 00:19:15,667 --> 00:19:18,250 - Laying traps on the ground is virtually useless. 444 00:19:18,250 --> 00:19:19,250 They have to try to figure out 445 00:19:19,250 --> 00:19:21,000 how to get them where they feed, 446 00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:23,417 and that's in the trees. 447 00:19:23,417 --> 00:19:26,250 - So the plan is to bomb the jungle 448 00:19:26,250 --> 00:19:29,250 from helicopters with mice. 449 00:19:29,250 --> 00:19:31,458 - [Dan] But not just any ordinary mice. 450 00:19:31,458 --> 00:19:34,250 These mice are packing a secret weapon. 451 00:19:35,542 --> 00:19:39,208 - In 2000, the Department of Agriculture does a study. 452 00:19:39,208 --> 00:19:40,500 What can kill these snakes? 453 00:19:40,500 --> 00:19:42,167 And they're feeding them various poisons, 454 00:19:42,167 --> 00:19:45,000 but also some over-the-counter drugs. 455 00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:46,708 And what they discover is that 456 00:19:46,708 --> 00:19:50,458 these snakes are highly reactive to acetaminophen, 457 00:19:50,458 --> 00:19:53,042 the active ingredient in Tylenol. 458 00:19:53,042 --> 00:19:54,542 [pills rattling] 459 00:19:54,542 --> 00:19:56,750 - And with just 80 milligrams of acetaminophen, 460 00:19:56,750 --> 00:19:59,625 there's a 100% kill rate among these snakes. 461 00:19:59,625 --> 00:20:03,917 So they take 2,000 frozen dead mice, 462 00:20:03,917 --> 00:20:06,750 and just stuff them with Tylenol. 463 00:20:06,750 --> 00:20:08,375 - Here's where it gets complicated. 464 00:20:08,375 --> 00:20:09,833 If you drop a frozen mouse from a helicopter, 465 00:20:09,833 --> 00:20:12,417 it's just gonna go through the trees and hit the ground. 466 00:20:12,417 --> 00:20:15,125 But what we could do is glue the mouse 467 00:20:15,125 --> 00:20:16,333 to a piece of cardboard, 468 00:20:16,333 --> 00:20:18,208 and then attach some streamers 469 00:20:18,208 --> 00:20:20,250 in hopes that it will slow it down enough 470 00:20:20,250 --> 00:20:22,875 that it'll kind of catch in the trees and get stuck. 471 00:20:22,875 --> 00:20:24,667 Boom, dead snake. 472 00:20:26,083 --> 00:20:27,125 - [Dan] With the choppers fired up, 473 00:20:27,125 --> 00:20:28,542 it's time for the first mission: 474 00:20:28,542 --> 00:20:31,125 to bomb the hell out of some snakes. 475 00:20:31,125 --> 00:20:32,208 - Just before sundown, 476 00:20:32,208 --> 00:20:33,792 the military helicopters fly in, 477 00:20:33,792 --> 00:20:36,792 and, one by one, they drop their Tylenol mice bombs, 478 00:20:36,792 --> 00:20:39,500 and watch them slowly descend into the jungle. 479 00:20:39,500 --> 00:20:40,875 - [Dan] And then they wait 480 00:20:40,875 --> 00:20:43,333 to see if the hungry snakes will take the bait. 481 00:20:44,875 --> 00:20:48,625 - The next day, officials find dead snakes everywhere. 482 00:20:49,875 --> 00:20:51,083 They're on the ground, 483 00:20:51,083 --> 00:20:52,292 they're hanging from tree limbs, 484 00:20:52,292 --> 00:20:53,708 they're on fences. 485 00:20:53,708 --> 00:20:56,500 - They estimate that, in this area alone, 486 00:20:56,500 --> 00:20:59,250 80% of the snakes have been killed off. 487 00:20:59,250 --> 00:21:00,458 The U.S. government decides 488 00:21:00,458 --> 00:21:02,292 to run a few more mice bomb missions, 489 00:21:02,292 --> 00:21:06,333 but these missions are running up a pretty high tab. 490 00:21:06,333 --> 00:21:08,375 - [Dan] It turns out dropping a few thousand mice 491 00:21:08,375 --> 00:21:12,250 from helicopters costs nearly $8 million per mission. 492 00:21:12,250 --> 00:21:14,125 That's a whole lot of cheese. 493 00:21:14,125 --> 00:21:15,292 - After a few years, 494 00:21:15,292 --> 00:21:18,208 they decide to move on to a cheaper, 495 00:21:18,208 --> 00:21:19,833 more toxic-based chemical 496 00:21:19,833 --> 00:21:22,667 that they can just automatically drop onto the trees. 497 00:21:22,667 --> 00:21:23,792 [snake hissing] 498 00:21:23,792 --> 00:21:26,000 - The snakes might have been a nuisance, 499 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:27,500 but for one island, 500 00:21:27,500 --> 00:21:30,458 the location itself was the biggest headache of all. 501 00:21:31,833 --> 00:21:34,958 - Sitting off the coast of Wisconsin's Lake Chippewa 502 00:21:34,958 --> 00:21:38,333 is what appears to be a pretty nice-sized island. 503 00:21:38,333 --> 00:21:40,125 - You might expect to see some beautiful houses, 504 00:21:40,125 --> 00:21:41,958 or a farmer's market on Sundays, 505 00:21:41,958 --> 00:21:43,542 but it's deserted. 506 00:21:43,542 --> 00:21:46,000 - [Dan] That's because this isn't technically an island. 507 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:48,458 It's a giant floating bog, 508 00:21:48,458 --> 00:21:50,500 and Lake Chippewa is loaded with them. 509 00:21:52,208 --> 00:21:54,042 - Lake Chippewa is a manmade lake 510 00:21:54,042 --> 00:21:56,208 about 22 miles in diameter. 511 00:21:56,208 --> 00:21:58,083 When it was created in 1923, 512 00:21:58,083 --> 00:22:01,500 engineers basically just flooded an existing swamp land, 513 00:22:01,500 --> 00:22:04,542 covering its peat bogs with about 90 feet of water. 514 00:22:04,542 --> 00:22:07,042 - And when they let that water rush in, 515 00:22:07,042 --> 00:22:08,375 [water splashing] 516 00:22:08,375 --> 00:22:11,708 some of those bogs floated to the surface 517 00:22:11,708 --> 00:22:15,375 held together by a network of roots and peat. 518 00:22:15,375 --> 00:22:18,375 - Unlike an island which is attached to the earth, 519 00:22:18,375 --> 00:22:20,583 these aren't anchored by anything. 520 00:22:20,583 --> 00:22:22,458 So when the winds are high, 521 00:22:22,458 --> 00:22:25,542 these tamarack trees, well, they act as a sail. 522 00:22:25,542 --> 00:22:29,917 The islands start moving all over the lake. 523 00:22:29,917 --> 00:22:32,583 - [Dan] One bog in particular is the most restless, 524 00:22:32,583 --> 00:22:34,708 known as the Forty Acre Bog. 525 00:22:36,125 --> 00:22:37,583 - Beginning in the early 2000s, 526 00:22:37,583 --> 00:22:39,042 when the winds are just right, 527 00:22:39,042 --> 00:22:43,875 they blow this 200-ton, 40-acre bog island across the lake, 528 00:22:43,875 --> 00:22:46,667 and lodge it underneath a highway bridge. 529 00:22:47,708 --> 00:22:49,708 - Whenever this happens during a busy summer, 530 00:22:49,708 --> 00:22:52,292 fishing boats and pontoon boats can't cross 531 00:22:52,292 --> 00:22:53,333 to the other side, 532 00:22:53,333 --> 00:22:54,625 and the people on those boats 533 00:22:54,625 --> 00:22:56,583 are understandably ticked off about it. 534 00:22:57,708 --> 00:23:00,667 - [Dan] At first, some suggest blowing it up. 535 00:23:00,667 --> 00:23:05,792 - The 40 Acre Bog has been on that lake for decades. 536 00:23:07,083 --> 00:23:09,167 There's different species of wildlife that live on it. 537 00:23:09,167 --> 00:23:11,042 Migratory birds use it. 538 00:23:11,042 --> 00:23:13,958 So, now, it's about destroying a whole ecosystem, 539 00:23:13,958 --> 00:23:17,708 and clearly that's not something people want to do. 540 00:23:17,708 --> 00:23:19,542 - [Dan] That's when the community of Lake Chippewa 541 00:23:19,542 --> 00:23:22,000 comes together with a pretty outlandish idea. 542 00:23:23,667 --> 00:23:25,875 - They ultimately decide to push the bog. 543 00:23:27,042 --> 00:23:28,875 You might imagine a complicated operation 544 00:23:28,875 --> 00:23:30,500 run by the Army Corps of Engineers 545 00:23:30,500 --> 00:23:32,417 involving barges and pulleys. 546 00:23:32,417 --> 00:23:34,208 But no, this is actually gonna be carried out 547 00:23:34,208 --> 00:23:36,500 by 10 local fishing boats. 548 00:23:38,083 --> 00:23:39,292 - They all line up. 549 00:23:39,292 --> 00:23:41,042 On the count of three, 550 00:23:41,042 --> 00:23:43,125 they all rev their engines. 551 00:23:43,125 --> 00:23:45,375 [engines revving] 552 00:23:45,375 --> 00:23:47,458 [tense pulsating music] 553 00:23:47,458 --> 00:23:49,333 This thing is massive. 554 00:23:49,333 --> 00:23:51,417 It's 200 tons, 555 00:23:51,417 --> 00:23:53,417 and, at full throttle, 556 00:23:53,417 --> 00:23:57,333 they just barely get it to budge. 557 00:23:57,333 --> 00:24:01,542 They realize they're gonna need more boats. 558 00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:05,917 - Pretty soon, boats from all over the lake volunteer 559 00:24:05,917 --> 00:24:07,042 to join this cause. 560 00:24:07,042 --> 00:24:09,292 So now, you have 50 boats working together 561 00:24:09,292 --> 00:24:10,625 to try and push this thing. 562 00:24:10,625 --> 00:24:13,375 [upbeat music continues] 563 00:24:13,375 --> 00:24:14,958 - [Dan] Eventually, after several hours, 564 00:24:14,958 --> 00:24:17,208 the makeshift armada gets the 40 Acre Bog 565 00:24:17,208 --> 00:24:18,500 away from the bridge. 566 00:24:19,625 --> 00:24:22,167 Unfortunately, it's only a temporary solution. 567 00:24:23,667 --> 00:24:27,208 - Every year, that bog still floats underneath the bridge 568 00:24:27,208 --> 00:24:28,875 and blocks the waterway. 569 00:24:28,875 --> 00:24:32,208 And every year, the people of Lake Chippewa push the bog out 570 00:24:32,208 --> 00:24:33,917 to where it can't be a nuisance. 571 00:24:35,250 --> 00:24:38,167 - But the residents of Lake Chippewa don't seem to mind, 572 00:24:38,167 --> 00:24:41,042 and, at this point, it's become an annual tradition, 573 00:24:41,042 --> 00:24:42,542 where they hold this kind of 574 00:24:42,542 --> 00:24:45,708 big, yearly bog moving boat party. 575 00:24:47,708 --> 00:24:49,458 - At least they get a party out of it. 576 00:24:53,458 --> 00:24:54,958 - Medicine is full of miracles, 577 00:24:54,958 --> 00:24:57,458 and, occasionally, totally insane-sounding ideas 578 00:24:57,458 --> 00:24:59,458 that somehow work. 579 00:25:00,542 --> 00:25:02,708 - Every year, approximately one third 580 00:25:02,708 --> 00:25:05,792 of organ transplantations are rejected, 581 00:25:05,792 --> 00:25:07,792 and that is because their body says, 582 00:25:07,792 --> 00:25:10,375 "Yes, this is the right organ. 583 00:25:10,375 --> 00:25:13,333 But no, it did not come from me." 584 00:25:13,333 --> 00:25:14,875 And the body tries to kill it. 585 00:25:14,875 --> 00:25:17,875 And this amounts to thousands of lives lost per year. 586 00:25:19,958 --> 00:25:23,292 - In 2017, scientists at the Salk Institute 587 00:25:23,292 --> 00:25:24,750 for Biological Sciences 588 00:25:24,750 --> 00:25:29,125 are trying to solve this problem in a very strange way. 589 00:25:29,125 --> 00:25:30,708 - As crazy as it sounds, 590 00:25:30,708 --> 00:25:34,042 they are trying to grow human-compatible organs 591 00:25:34,042 --> 00:25:35,875 inside of pigs. 592 00:25:37,083 --> 00:25:39,708 - We're talking about using the stem cells 593 00:25:39,708 --> 00:25:41,708 from the patient themselves 594 00:25:41,708 --> 00:25:46,292 that are then grown into real human organs 595 00:25:46,292 --> 00:25:48,250 using the pig body as a host. 596 00:25:49,833 --> 00:25:52,542 This way, the organs are fully developed, fully functioning, 597 00:25:52,542 --> 00:25:55,458 and guaranteed not to be rejected. 598 00:25:55,458 --> 00:25:56,875 [pig oinking] 599 00:25:56,875 --> 00:25:58,958 - Pigs are already the best candidates 600 00:25:58,958 --> 00:26:00,917 for organ donation to humans, 601 00:26:00,917 --> 00:26:04,000 because the organs are anatomically 602 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:07,667 and functionally very similar to the human organs. 603 00:26:08,750 --> 00:26:11,042 - [Dan] They call these pig-human organs chimera 604 00:26:12,042 --> 00:26:14,750 after the hybrid monster from Greek mythology. 605 00:26:14,750 --> 00:26:16,708 - To pull off this experiment, 606 00:26:16,708 --> 00:26:20,708 scientists inject a small number of human stem cells 607 00:26:20,708 --> 00:26:23,667 into a pig embryo. 608 00:26:23,667 --> 00:26:26,875 The pig embryo with human cells inside 609 00:26:26,875 --> 00:26:30,625 is then implanted into the womb of a sow. 610 00:26:30,625 --> 00:26:31,958 - [Dan] 28 days later, 611 00:26:31,958 --> 00:26:34,458 the chimera embryo is removed from the mother. 612 00:26:34,458 --> 00:26:36,583 It's just the size of a grain of rice, 613 00:26:37,500 --> 00:26:39,792 but inside is a small miracle. 614 00:26:39,792 --> 00:26:42,792 - The researchers examine the chimera, 615 00:26:42,792 --> 00:26:46,000 and they find functional human cells 616 00:26:46,000 --> 00:26:49,125 in the heart, in the brain, in the liver. 617 00:26:50,333 --> 00:26:52,000 - Potentially, this means that 618 00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:56,667 if one of these chimera were allowed to fully develop, 619 00:26:56,667 --> 00:26:59,083 its organs could be transplanted 620 00:26:59,083 --> 00:27:02,875 into the human that donated the original stem cells, 621 00:27:02,875 --> 00:27:06,625 and function fully as if it were their own. 622 00:27:07,417 --> 00:27:08,500 - [Dan] While this could solve 623 00:27:08,500 --> 00:27:10,250 the problem of organ rejection, 624 00:27:10,250 --> 00:27:13,208 it could present a whole new set of nightmares. 625 00:27:13,208 --> 00:27:17,208 - The worry is that if pig and human DNA commingle, 626 00:27:17,208 --> 00:27:21,375 we might, one day, get a real human-pig hybrid 627 00:27:21,375 --> 00:27:23,042 living among us. 628 00:27:23,042 --> 00:27:26,208 - For now, at least, the scientists are only allowed 629 00:27:26,208 --> 00:27:29,792 to let their chimera develop for 28 days. 630 00:27:29,792 --> 00:27:31,750 They have a lot more work to do 631 00:27:31,750 --> 00:27:35,417 before proving it's safe to allow one to mature. 632 00:27:35,417 --> 00:27:36,958 - Thankfully, it doesn't look like 633 00:27:36,958 --> 00:27:40,333 we will be living on Planet of the Swine any time soon. 634 00:27:40,333 --> 00:27:42,917 Meanwhile, a beekeeper in Turkey is dealing 635 00:27:42,917 --> 00:27:45,458 with his own group of piggies. 636 00:27:45,458 --> 00:27:48,625 [suspenseful music] [bees buzzing] 637 00:27:48,625 --> 00:27:51,333 - Ibrahim Sedef is an agricultural engineer 638 00:27:51,333 --> 00:27:54,417 who has a honey farm in the town of Trabzon 639 00:27:54,417 --> 00:27:55,333 along the Black Sea. 640 00:27:56,750 --> 00:27:58,958 - [Dan] This isn't any old honey he's making. 641 00:27:58,958 --> 00:28:00,875 This is top-shelf stuff 642 00:28:00,875 --> 00:28:03,958 that goes for as much as $40 a jar. 643 00:28:03,958 --> 00:28:05,958 - This is a part of the world 644 00:28:05,958 --> 00:28:09,542 where they had been making honey for thousands of years. 645 00:28:09,542 --> 00:28:12,375 His stuff is like honey gold. 646 00:28:12,375 --> 00:28:14,833 - [Dan] The problem is someone's been helping themselves 647 00:28:14,833 --> 00:28:16,542 to Ibrahim's supply, 648 00:28:16,542 --> 00:28:18,083 so he sets up cameras. 649 00:28:19,875 --> 00:28:23,542 - Every night, hungry brown bears break into his farm, 650 00:28:23,542 --> 00:28:26,583 sniff out hives, and steal his honey. 651 00:28:26,583 --> 00:28:28,042 - Over the last three years, 652 00:28:28,042 --> 00:28:32,875 Ibrahim has lost $10,000 to these brown bears. 653 00:28:32,875 --> 00:28:34,375 - With the average pest, 654 00:28:34,375 --> 00:28:36,667 you could just go outside and shoo them away, 655 00:28:36,667 --> 00:28:40,833 but these are eight-foot-tall bears. 656 00:28:40,833 --> 00:28:42,958 They will maul you. 657 00:28:44,667 --> 00:28:46,042 - So night after night, 658 00:28:46,042 --> 00:28:47,708 he's watching on the camera. 659 00:28:47,708 --> 00:28:49,333 These bears come in, 660 00:28:49,333 --> 00:28:51,000 and steal his honey. 661 00:28:51,000 --> 00:28:52,708 So his first thought is, 662 00:28:52,708 --> 00:28:55,375 "I'll just hide the honey better." 663 00:28:55,375 --> 00:28:57,875 - He puts the hives in harder-to-reach places, 664 00:28:57,875 --> 00:28:59,875 and the bears just climb up and find it. 665 00:28:59,875 --> 00:29:02,542 He even takes heavy rocks and puts them on the hives, 666 00:29:02,542 --> 00:29:04,875 and the bears just flick them away. 667 00:29:04,875 --> 00:29:07,667 - He tries leaving other sweets and other foods behind 668 00:29:07,667 --> 00:29:10,042 like apples and sourdough bread, 669 00:29:10,042 --> 00:29:12,000 and even store-bought honey. 670 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:13,625 But these bears are having none of it. 671 00:29:13,625 --> 00:29:14,958 They just walk right past it, 672 00:29:14,958 --> 00:29:16,750 and go right for the good stuff. 673 00:29:16,750 --> 00:29:18,250 - So he starts to get creative, 674 00:29:18,250 --> 00:29:20,833 because he realizes this is really not a fight 675 00:29:20,833 --> 00:29:21,958 that he can win. 676 00:29:21,958 --> 00:29:23,667 So let's figure out how to turn this 677 00:29:23,667 --> 00:29:24,917 into something positive. 678 00:29:24,917 --> 00:29:25,833 - [Dan] That's when he comes up 679 00:29:25,833 --> 00:29:28,167 with a truly unbelievable idea. 680 00:29:29,792 --> 00:29:31,708 - Since these giant bears are obviously 681 00:29:31,708 --> 00:29:33,250 connoisseurs of honey, 682 00:29:33,250 --> 00:29:36,792 he decides to put their expert palates to work for him, 683 00:29:36,792 --> 00:29:39,208 and he sets up a taste test 684 00:29:39,208 --> 00:29:42,083 to see which of his honeys they like best. 685 00:29:42,083 --> 00:29:43,417 - If all goes to plan, 686 00:29:43,417 --> 00:29:45,875 he could actually charge more for his honey, 687 00:29:45,875 --> 00:29:48,917 because it comes with the brown bear seal of approval. 688 00:29:50,250 --> 00:29:52,125 - So he decides to set out a table 689 00:29:52,125 --> 00:29:53,667 with four different bowls on it. 690 00:29:53,667 --> 00:29:55,125 One has cherry jam, 691 00:29:55,125 --> 00:29:57,083 and the other three bowls all have 692 00:29:57,083 --> 00:29:59,375 different types of honey in it. 693 00:29:59,375 --> 00:30:03,333 There's flower honey, chestnut honey, and Anzer honey. 694 00:30:05,083 --> 00:30:07,583 - Night falls, they show up, 695 00:30:07,583 --> 00:30:10,250 they see the cherry jam. 696 00:30:10,250 --> 00:30:12,833 They're like not interested in it at all. 697 00:30:12,833 --> 00:30:15,542 They sniff the two other honeys. 698 00:30:15,542 --> 00:30:18,042 They're like [humming] whatever. 699 00:30:18,042 --> 00:30:20,375 - Then, they come to the Anzer honey, 700 00:30:20,375 --> 00:30:22,500 and they go crazy for it. 701 00:30:22,500 --> 00:30:24,042 [bear growling] 702 00:30:24,042 --> 00:30:27,042 Anzer honey is the most expensive honey in the world. 703 00:30:27,042 --> 00:30:30,625 It's made from the nectar of 90 flowers. 704 00:30:30,625 --> 00:30:34,208 - You're talking about $150 a pound. 705 00:30:34,208 --> 00:30:36,167 - For Ibrahim, this is everything. 706 00:30:36,167 --> 00:30:40,833 This is video proof that brown bears prefer the Anzer honey, 707 00:30:41,667 --> 00:30:43,750 his Anzer honey. 708 00:30:43,750 --> 00:30:47,250 - He's got bear-approved honey. 709 00:30:48,792 --> 00:30:52,500 - Ibrahim says his bear-approved honey has become so popular 710 00:30:52,500 --> 00:30:54,833 he no longer minds the regular donations 711 00:30:54,833 --> 00:30:56,000 to his taste testers. 712 00:31:00,042 --> 00:31:01,875 - When a family in Northern California decides 713 00:31:01,875 --> 00:31:03,875 to spend their afternoon amidst the clouds, 714 00:31:03,875 --> 00:31:05,917 their trip goes from peaceful to chaotic 715 00:31:05,917 --> 00:31:07,875 in a matter of seconds. 716 00:31:07,875 --> 00:31:09,042 With their lives on the line, 717 00:31:09,042 --> 00:31:11,500 a brilliant, unexpected fix appears 718 00:31:11,500 --> 00:31:13,500 just in the nick of time. 719 00:31:13,500 --> 00:31:15,750 [gentle mysterious music] 720 00:31:15,750 --> 00:31:18,042 - 38-year-old Artem Konokuk 721 00:31:18,042 --> 00:31:20,875 along with his wife and their 2-year-old child 722 00:31:20,875 --> 00:31:22,292 are buzzing with excitement. 723 00:31:22,292 --> 00:31:24,375 Artem, who's an amateur pilot, 724 00:31:24,375 --> 00:31:26,208 has chartered a plane for the family 725 00:31:26,208 --> 00:31:27,625 to spend their spring afternoon 726 00:31:27,625 --> 00:31:30,500 flying above the Northern California scenery. 727 00:31:30,500 --> 00:31:32,208 [plane engine revving] 728 00:31:32,208 --> 00:31:36,167 - After takeoff, the family in the plane are gliding south, 729 00:31:36,167 --> 00:31:38,000 observing the treetops 730 00:31:38,000 --> 00:31:41,042 as they head towards their family home in Santa Rosa. 731 00:31:42,417 --> 00:31:44,875 - [Dan] That's when the chug of the plane's engine stops. 732 00:31:44,875 --> 00:31:46,417 [engine whirring] 733 00:31:46,417 --> 00:31:48,125 It's just lost all power 734 00:31:48,125 --> 00:31:52,708 2,600 feet above the trees. [alarm sounding] 735 00:31:52,708 --> 00:31:54,917 - Artem is desperately trying to restart the aircraft, 736 00:31:54,917 --> 00:31:57,000 but he's running out of altitude very quickly. 737 00:31:58,250 --> 00:31:59,917 Artem's big challenge is that 738 00:31:59,917 --> 00:32:02,417 there's no field anywhere in sight. 739 00:32:02,417 --> 00:32:06,042 He's looking down on a vast expanse of forest 740 00:32:06,042 --> 00:32:08,042 with no place to put the aircraft down. 741 00:32:09,542 --> 00:32:11,083 - It's quite possible 742 00:32:11,083 --> 00:32:14,750 that the Terrain Collision Avoidance System, called TCAS, 743 00:32:14,750 --> 00:32:16,167 is screaming at them: 744 00:32:16,167 --> 00:32:19,375 "Terrain, terrain, pull up, pull up." 745 00:32:19,375 --> 00:32:21,042 And there's nothing that they can do, 746 00:32:21,042 --> 00:32:23,333 because they have no power to that engine. 747 00:32:24,583 --> 00:32:27,125 - His wife and child are beginning to freak out. 748 00:32:27,125 --> 00:32:30,042 He then tells them, "Brace for impact." 749 00:32:31,417 --> 00:32:34,083 - [Dan] That's when something unbelievable happens. 750 00:32:35,458 --> 00:32:37,083 [parachute flapping] 751 00:32:37,083 --> 00:32:39,875 - There's suddenly a jolt, 752 00:32:39,875 --> 00:32:41,708 and then calm. 753 00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:46,792 The plane feels like it's just floating. 754 00:32:46,792 --> 00:32:48,042 - [Dan] Are they being carted off 755 00:32:48,042 --> 00:32:50,542 to the pearly gates by angels? 756 00:32:50,542 --> 00:32:51,667 Not quite. 757 00:32:51,667 --> 00:32:53,625 - Artem has just pulled the lever 758 00:32:53,625 --> 00:32:58,625 to deploy the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System, or CAPS. 759 00:33:00,083 --> 00:33:02,333 - This is actually a parachute for an entire aircraft. 760 00:33:02,333 --> 00:33:05,000 This is a 2,400-square-foot parachute 761 00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:06,125 that deploys [rocket exploding] 762 00:33:06,125 --> 00:33:07,167 by virtue of a rocket 763 00:33:07,167 --> 00:33:08,833 that gets it open very quickly, 764 00:33:08,833 --> 00:33:12,375 and it has the effect of slowing the descent of the aircraft 765 00:33:12,375 --> 00:33:14,792 from dangerous and fatal speed 766 00:33:14,792 --> 00:33:17,542 to a survivable speed. 767 00:33:17,542 --> 00:33:20,125 - Because it is at the weight center of the plane, 768 00:33:20,125 --> 00:33:22,542 it keeps the aircraft completely level. 769 00:33:23,792 --> 00:33:25,792 - The airplane parachute is invented 770 00:33:25,792 --> 00:33:28,417 by Cirrus co-founder Alan Klapmeier 771 00:33:28,417 --> 00:33:32,625 after he survives a mid-air collision in 1985. 772 00:33:32,625 --> 00:33:34,208 After that experience, 773 00:33:34,208 --> 00:33:36,958 he decides that he's going to put a life-saving parachute 774 00:33:36,958 --> 00:33:38,958 in every single Cirrus plane. 775 00:33:38,958 --> 00:33:40,542 [water splashing] 776 00:33:40,542 --> 00:33:42,292 - [Dan] Luckily, for the Konokuk family, 777 00:33:42,292 --> 00:33:45,417 by 1998, this becomes a reality. 778 00:33:47,292 --> 00:33:51,000 - Miraculously, they are more or less unscathed. 779 00:33:51,000 --> 00:33:53,167 They have survived this horrible incident, 780 00:33:53,167 --> 00:33:55,750 and, now, they also have a great family story 781 00:33:55,750 --> 00:33:56,958 where they can talk about 782 00:33:56,958 --> 00:33:59,417 how one parachute saved three people. 783 00:34:00,583 --> 00:34:01,542 [parachute popping] 784 00:34:01,542 --> 00:34:03,583 - To date, this airplane parachute system 785 00:34:03,583 --> 00:34:06,042 has saved 249 lives. 786 00:34:06,042 --> 00:34:08,083 Maybe, one day, they'll put one on the red eye 787 00:34:08,083 --> 00:34:10,542 out of Los Angeles just in case. 788 00:34:11,583 --> 00:34:12,458 Next up. 789 00:34:12,458 --> 00:34:14,292 Something unusual that protects 790 00:34:14,292 --> 00:34:16,458 against a different type of disaster. 791 00:34:16,458 --> 00:34:19,208 [tense music] 792 00:34:19,208 --> 00:34:21,625 - In China, in 2008 and 2010, 793 00:34:21,625 --> 00:34:23,958 there were two devastating earthquakes 794 00:34:23,958 --> 00:34:25,042 that hit in the middle of the night, 795 00:34:25,042 --> 00:34:27,875 and ended up killing thousands of people, 796 00:34:27,875 --> 00:34:29,958 mostly because they were crushed 797 00:34:29,958 --> 00:34:31,583 by buildings that collapsed. 798 00:34:32,708 --> 00:34:34,167 - [Dan] This leads an ambitious inventor 799 00:34:34,167 --> 00:34:35,833 by the name of Wang Wenxi 800 00:34:35,833 --> 00:34:38,792 to come up with an idea that could save your life 801 00:34:38,792 --> 00:34:40,458 from the comfort of your own bed. 802 00:34:41,667 --> 00:34:45,375 - In 2010, Wang secures the patent for his invention 803 00:34:45,375 --> 00:34:47,625 known as an earthquake bed. 804 00:34:48,667 --> 00:34:50,042 - Say, for example, 805 00:34:50,042 --> 00:34:51,750 you're in bed with your wife or your husband, 806 00:34:51,750 --> 00:34:53,708 and an earthquake happens. 807 00:34:53,708 --> 00:34:55,208 [earth shaking] 808 00:34:55,208 --> 00:34:58,125 A series of sensors detect vibrations, 809 00:34:58,125 --> 00:35:00,208 and, within seconds, 810 00:35:00,208 --> 00:35:02,750 the mattress folds you and your loved one into a taco, 811 00:35:02,750 --> 00:35:06,042 and draws you in into the reinforced steel frame 812 00:35:06,042 --> 00:35:08,042 beneath the bed. 813 00:35:08,042 --> 00:35:09,042 - Once you and your partner have hit 814 00:35:09,042 --> 00:35:10,417 the bottom of the metal box, 815 00:35:10,417 --> 00:35:13,208 the steel bed frame slabs slide into place, 816 00:35:13,208 --> 00:35:14,708 and provide a lid for you. 817 00:35:16,042 --> 00:35:19,333 So, now, you're enclosed in this giant metal box, basically, 818 00:35:19,333 --> 00:35:21,667 that's gonna protect you from any sort of falling debris. 819 00:35:21,667 --> 00:35:23,875 [earth shaking] 820 00:35:23,875 --> 00:35:25,208 [earth shaking] 821 00:35:25,208 --> 00:35:27,333 - It's said the earthquake bed can resist 822 00:35:27,333 --> 00:35:30,708 6,000 pounds of vertical roof load, 823 00:35:30,708 --> 00:35:33,583 so that even if the building you are in collapses, 824 00:35:33,583 --> 00:35:36,333 you won't be crushed by the debris. 825 00:35:36,333 --> 00:35:38,208 - [Dan] While you're waiting to be rescued, 826 00:35:38,208 --> 00:35:41,042 you still get to enjoy all the comforts of home. 827 00:35:41,042 --> 00:35:43,917 - The earthquake bed is a little bit more than just a bed. 828 00:35:43,917 --> 00:35:46,792 It's almost like a studio apartment. 829 00:35:46,792 --> 00:35:48,125 It's got a ventilation system, 830 00:35:48,125 --> 00:35:49,833 it's got food, it's got water, 831 00:35:49,833 --> 00:35:51,250 it's got a gas mask. 832 00:35:51,250 --> 00:35:54,625 - It's got a makeshift toilet, which sounds gross, 833 00:35:54,625 --> 00:35:57,958 but, if you think about it, is super necessary, 834 00:35:57,958 --> 00:36:01,625 and wait for it, there's wifi. 835 00:36:01,625 --> 00:36:05,167 - Most importantly of all, there's a radio beacon, 836 00:36:05,167 --> 00:36:08,750 so rescuers can pinpoint your exact location. 837 00:36:08,750 --> 00:36:12,375 - The base model bed starts around $6,000, 838 00:36:12,375 --> 00:36:13,583 but you can upgrade it from there. 839 00:36:13,583 --> 00:36:15,625 If you wanna put in, say, a TV, 840 00:36:15,625 --> 00:36:17,333 maybe a nice bar. 841 00:36:17,333 --> 00:36:18,917 - A person, or persons, 842 00:36:18,917 --> 00:36:21,625 can survive for about a week in there before being rescued. 843 00:36:21,625 --> 00:36:23,292 That means you can just stay in there, 844 00:36:23,292 --> 00:36:25,167 you can binge-watch your favorite shows, 845 00:36:25,167 --> 00:36:26,375 you can take calls, 846 00:36:26,375 --> 00:36:28,208 you can close important deals. 847 00:36:28,208 --> 00:36:29,708 You can do whatever you want. 848 00:36:29,708 --> 00:36:31,042 [man snoring] 849 00:36:31,042 --> 00:36:32,167 - Guess it's time to ditch that, 850 00:36:32,167 --> 00:36:33,583 "I can't work today, 851 00:36:33,583 --> 00:36:35,458 I'm stuck in the rubble of an earthquake" excuse. 852 00:36:39,542 --> 00:36:41,708 - The early 1940s is the era of new ideas. 853 00:36:41,708 --> 00:36:43,875 Color television, the Polaroid camera, 854 00:36:43,875 --> 00:36:47,042 even the first jet aircraft take to the skies. 855 00:36:47,042 --> 00:36:49,958 And, of course, a machine for babies 856 00:36:49,958 --> 00:36:51,750 too busy to make it to the gym. 857 00:36:53,542 --> 00:36:56,458 - In 1940s England, parents are being told 858 00:36:56,458 --> 00:36:59,292 that their babies might not be exercising enough 859 00:36:59,292 --> 00:37:01,208 to be able to take their first steps. 860 00:37:01,208 --> 00:37:02,542 - [Dan] Fortunately for parents, 861 00:37:02,542 --> 00:37:04,083 there's a solution for this 862 00:37:04,083 --> 00:37:06,500 called the Baby Exercise Machine. 863 00:37:07,875 --> 00:37:09,292 - [TV Host] Not only does it give baby something to do 864 00:37:09,292 --> 00:37:11,583 when he's not eating or sleeping, 865 00:37:11,583 --> 00:37:13,333 but it also develops the leg muscles 866 00:37:13,333 --> 00:37:16,417 making every child a potential soccer international. 867 00:37:16,417 --> 00:37:18,542 - The idea is that, with each kick, 868 00:37:18,542 --> 00:37:22,417 the baby's leg muscles are getting stronger, 869 00:37:22,417 --> 00:37:25,083 and, soon enough, your baby will be the first one 870 00:37:25,083 --> 00:37:26,125 to start walking, 871 00:37:26,125 --> 00:37:27,875 the first one to start running. 872 00:37:27,875 --> 00:37:28,833 - This invention, though, 873 00:37:28,833 --> 00:37:32,042 does have a pretty good dual purpose. 874 00:37:32,042 --> 00:37:33,708 It's strengthening your baby, 875 00:37:33,708 --> 00:37:38,042 but it's also a great way to distract fussy babies, 876 00:37:38,042 --> 00:37:39,625 and keep them occupied. 877 00:37:39,625 --> 00:37:41,875 - [Dan] The little basket even doubles as a bassinet, 878 00:37:41,875 --> 00:37:44,375 which might be the most useful feature of all. 879 00:37:44,375 --> 00:37:47,208 - When Junior's all done kicking, he's tired, 880 00:37:47,208 --> 00:37:48,917 and so he's going to sleep, 881 00:37:48,917 --> 00:37:50,667 which means maybe you can too. 882 00:37:50,667 --> 00:37:53,708 [tense music] 883 00:37:53,708 --> 00:37:55,167 - [Dan] Keeping the family strong 884 00:37:55,167 --> 00:37:56,833 isn't just about working out. 885 00:37:56,833 --> 00:37:59,583 How do you make the most of precious time together? 886 00:37:59,583 --> 00:38:01,875 One inventor has a bizarre idea. 887 00:38:01,875 --> 00:38:03,292 - [TV Announcer] We've discovered the answer 888 00:38:03,292 --> 00:38:04,792 to every motorist's problem. 889 00:38:04,792 --> 00:38:07,417 Introducing Charlie Steinlauf and his family. 890 00:38:07,417 --> 00:38:08,875 - Charlie's family bicycle, 891 00:38:08,875 --> 00:38:13,000 which he showcases in an exhibition in Chicago in 1939, 892 00:38:13,000 --> 00:38:16,208 is this ginormous two-story bike 893 00:38:16,208 --> 00:38:18,542 that fits, well, the whole family. 894 00:38:18,542 --> 00:38:21,708 - Charlie himself is on the second floor 895 00:38:21,708 --> 00:38:25,250 pedaling and steering the bike with a steering wheel. 896 00:38:25,250 --> 00:38:27,917 - Below him is his son Charlie Junior 897 00:38:27,917 --> 00:38:29,542 pedaling along with his dad. 898 00:38:29,542 --> 00:38:32,333 And at the front is his daughter Maria 899 00:38:32,333 --> 00:38:34,417 on the lookout for any potholes. 900 00:38:34,417 --> 00:38:37,250 - And mom is in the middle 901 00:38:37,250 --> 00:38:39,375 operating a foot-pedal sewing machine. 902 00:38:39,375 --> 00:38:40,500 - [TV Announcer] If Mr. Steinlauf wears out 903 00:38:40,500 --> 00:38:41,750 the seat of his pants, 904 00:38:41,750 --> 00:38:43,167 Mrs. Steinlauf puts in a new seam. 905 00:38:43,167 --> 00:38:45,708 - Because even on a bike ride in 1939, 906 00:38:45,708 --> 00:38:48,625 a mom's work is never done. 907 00:38:48,625 --> 00:38:50,083 - Kind of a sign of the times, right? 908 00:38:50,083 --> 00:38:52,417 As the rest of her family gets to leisurely ride 909 00:38:52,417 --> 00:38:53,250 through the streets, 910 00:38:53,250 --> 00:38:55,167 she's just sewing away. 911 00:38:55,167 --> 00:38:58,542 - [Dan] So where did Charlie's outlandish idea come from? 912 00:38:58,542 --> 00:39:01,375 - Charlie is an inventor, a creator, a tinkerer. 913 00:39:01,375 --> 00:39:03,083 He likes repairing things, 914 00:39:03,083 --> 00:39:06,250 and fittingly, his wife's sewing machine wasn't working, 915 00:39:06,250 --> 00:39:09,250 so she brought it to his workshop to repair. 916 00:39:09,250 --> 00:39:10,833 She didn't get it back for a while, 917 00:39:10,833 --> 00:39:13,208 and then, when she went to look for it, 918 00:39:13,208 --> 00:39:14,667 it now had wheels on it, 919 00:39:14,667 --> 00:39:16,000 and was part of a two-story bike. 920 00:39:16,000 --> 00:39:17,667 - [TV Announcer] So the Steinlauf family 921 00:39:17,667 --> 00:39:19,000 just keep rolling along. 922 00:39:20,292 --> 00:39:22,250 - Sure, a bike that does everything might keep 923 00:39:22,250 --> 00:39:25,542 the family unit nice and tight on dry land, 924 00:39:25,542 --> 00:39:27,542 but it won't help you on open water. 925 00:39:29,708 --> 00:39:34,375 - So in 1959, Canterbury Motors comes up with an idea. 926 00:39:34,375 --> 00:39:37,375 It's a motorcycle with a sidecar, 927 00:39:37,375 --> 00:39:39,167 but not just any sidecar. 928 00:39:39,167 --> 00:39:41,042 - [TV Anchor] A young couple sets out for a day's run 929 00:39:41,042 --> 00:39:43,083 in a motorcycle combination. 930 00:39:43,083 --> 00:39:44,375 Nothing unusual about that, 931 00:39:44,375 --> 00:39:46,375 but, in fact, it's unique. 932 00:39:46,375 --> 00:39:50,208 - The sidecar is actually a seaworthy boat: 933 00:39:50,208 --> 00:39:54,000 the amphibious sidecar motorcycle. 934 00:39:54,000 --> 00:39:56,000 - Once pulled aside your favorite body of water, 935 00:39:56,000 --> 00:39:58,917 just you and your wife can remove the boat, 936 00:39:58,917 --> 00:40:00,083 place it in the water, 937 00:40:00,083 --> 00:40:03,583 and you are off on a romantic boat ride for two. 938 00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:09,042 - You actually start it much as you might a lawnmower, 939 00:40:09,042 --> 00:40:11,000 and it has an 80cc motor, 940 00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:15,292 so it's capable of speeds of about 13 miles per hour 941 00:40:15,292 --> 00:40:18,208 when you have two people aboard ship. 942 00:40:18,208 --> 00:40:20,208 - The idea behind this boat is 943 00:40:20,208 --> 00:40:22,417 to really just spark the romance, 944 00:40:22,417 --> 00:40:24,042 but you're sitting front to back, 945 00:40:24,042 --> 00:40:27,708 so it would be really hard to whisper sweet nothings 946 00:40:27,708 --> 00:40:30,083 into your darling's ear. 947 00:40:30,083 --> 00:40:33,625 Plus, if you move too rapidly, 948 00:40:33,625 --> 00:40:35,708 you could tip over both of you. 949 00:40:35,708 --> 00:40:37,208 [slides clicking] 950 00:40:37,208 --> 00:40:40,125 - Ultimately, it's too expensive for mass production. 951 00:40:40,125 --> 00:40:41,083 [slides clicking] 952 00:40:41,083 --> 00:40:43,042 Just five are made. 953 00:40:43,042 --> 00:40:46,708 And sadly, the Canterbury Belle is relegated 954 00:40:46,708 --> 00:40:48,083 to the garage of history. 955 00:40:49,708 --> 00:40:51,792 - Whether you are blowing up beached whale carcasses, 956 00:40:51,792 --> 00:40:53,625 dropping mice bombs to kill snakes, 957 00:40:53,625 --> 00:40:55,292 or burning millions to make sure 958 00:40:55,292 --> 00:40:56,958 your daughter doesn't freeze, 959 00:40:56,958 --> 00:40:59,875 there's an idea to solve any problem, 960 00:40:59,875 --> 00:41:01,750 but it's only the most outlandish 961 00:41:01,750 --> 00:41:04,125 that are truly "Unbelievable."