1 00:00:12,958 --> 00:00:16,934 Between 2012 and 2022, Line of Duty told the story 2 00:00:16,958 --> 00:00:20,351 of AC-12, a fictional anti-corruption unit that 3 00:00:20,375 --> 00:00:22,125 famously went after bent coppers. 4 00:00:26,792 --> 00:00:29,458 But over 15 years prior to that hitting our screens, 5 00:00:29,958 --> 00:00:33,226 before that series was dreamt up by its creator, Jed Mercurio, 6 00:00:33,250 --> 00:00:35,851 a little-known unit of the Met was being secretly set up 7 00:00:35,875 --> 00:00:37,476 to crack the cycle of corruption 8 00:00:37,500 --> 00:00:40,250 that had infiltrated the country's biggest police force. 9 00:00:40,958 --> 00:00:42,268 I was shocked. 10 00:00:42,292 --> 00:00:46,643 Drug dealing, kidnap, armed robbery being carried out by 11 00:00:46,667 --> 00:00:50,351 police officers was almost fiction, but it wasn't. 12 00:00:50,375 --> 00:00:51,667 It was a reality. 13 00:00:52,500 --> 00:00:54,976 Amid the scandals that engulfed the early nineties, 14 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:56,684 a few brave senior police chiefs 15 00:00:56,708 --> 00:00:58,625 decided a new tactic was needed. 16 00:00:59,375 --> 00:01:02,333 This could be a film. You couldn't make it up. 17 00:01:02,500 --> 00:01:05,184 A tactic that would go after those directly responsible 18 00:01:05,208 --> 00:01:07,750 for the corruption to catch them in the act. 19 00:01:08,000 --> 00:01:13,375 Greed, ego, power. It's all out there for grabs. 20 00:01:13,667 --> 00:01:14,893 The fact that it was nicknamed 21 00:01:14,917 --> 00:01:16,542 the Ghost Squad sums it up really. 22 00:01:16,875 --> 00:01:18,226 No one knew it existed, 23 00:01:18,250 --> 00:01:19,708 and that's exactly how they'd want it. 24 00:01:19,833 --> 00:01:22,018 That unit's name was CIB3, 25 00:01:22,042 --> 00:01:25,042 and for the first time, this is its story. 26 00:01:37,667 --> 00:01:40,476 In the early 1990s, the Metropolitan Police was 27 00:01:40,500 --> 00:01:43,184 facing a number of challenges and the allegations of 28 00:01:43,208 --> 00:01:46,226 corruption that dogged the organisation in the 70s and 80s 29 00:01:46,250 --> 00:01:48,583 threatened to rear their ugly heads again. 30 00:01:49,625 --> 00:01:51,601 The unsolved murder of a private investigator 31 00:01:51,625 --> 00:01:53,851 called Daniel Morgan whose business partner 32 00:01:53,875 --> 00:01:56,309 was subsequently linked to corrupt Met Police officers, 33 00:01:56,333 --> 00:01:59,018 was just one of several high-profile cases 34 00:01:59,042 --> 00:02:01,101 that was bringing the Met into the spotlight 35 00:02:01,125 --> 00:02:02,750 for all the wrong reasons. 36 00:02:04,625 --> 00:02:10,518 In the early 1990s, cases of corruption were still arising. 37 00:02:10,542 --> 00:02:14,851 The Metropolitan Police attitude to it was damage limitation, 38 00:02:14,875 --> 00:02:18,393 first of all, because it usually followed publicity. 39 00:02:18,417 --> 00:02:21,143 A newspaper would highlight a case of corruption 40 00:02:21,167 --> 00:02:24,018 and the Met would react against that, 41 00:02:24,042 --> 00:02:27,518 and then things would continue and again, 42 00:02:27,542 --> 00:02:29,309 another case would come up. 43 00:02:29,333 --> 00:02:31,768 So, it was damage limitation each time. 44 00:02:31,792 --> 00:02:35,226 Sometimes it wasn't just the popular newspapers 45 00:02:35,250 --> 00:02:39,375 who did these stories and examined the corruption, 46 00:02:39,708 --> 00:02:44,476 but also very influential was the Times Newspaper, 47 00:02:44,500 --> 00:02:48,059 establishment newspaper, and it highlighted 48 00:02:48,083 --> 00:02:52,226 that police corruption still was still going on and highlighted 49 00:02:52,250 --> 00:02:55,851 a particular case where a senior detective was saying 50 00:02:55,875 --> 00:03:00,601 that he could ring up anyone at any station across London 51 00:03:00,625 --> 00:03:05,018 and they'd fix things, and he was actually used the phrase, 52 00:03:05,042 --> 00:03:07,167 'We're firm within a firm.' 53 00:03:09,083 --> 00:03:11,726 There were major concerns that corruption was spiralling 54 00:03:11,750 --> 00:03:13,750 out of control in certain pockets of London. 55 00:03:14,667 --> 00:03:16,893 At the Stoke Newington in North London, 56 00:03:16,917 --> 00:03:19,309 public outrage and demonstrations about misconduct 57 00:03:19,333 --> 00:03:22,101 were becoming commonplace, adding to the pressure 58 00:03:22,125 --> 00:03:23,542 already mounting on the Met. 59 00:03:24,208 --> 00:03:26,268 There were always demonstrations going on, 60 00:03:26,292 --> 00:03:28,434 and especially in Stoke Newington and some of the other 61 00:03:28,458 --> 00:03:30,934 police stations nearby, there were demonstrations 62 00:03:30,958 --> 00:03:34,018 about how people had been stopped and searched, 63 00:03:34,042 --> 00:03:35,768 the behaviours of police officers. 64 00:03:35,792 --> 00:03:39,143 So, I'm aware of that because some of the officers 65 00:03:39,167 --> 00:03:42,684 that I was going through my training with, 66 00:03:42,708 --> 00:03:45,143 so you do your training, then you'd go and meet up again 67 00:03:45,167 --> 00:03:49,101 every month for this continuous training that you had to do. 68 00:03:49,125 --> 00:03:51,684 So, when you met up again with officers that had gone to 69 00:03:51,708 --> 00:03:54,601 other police stations, their attitudes had changed 70 00:03:54,625 --> 00:03:57,684 because they were a lot more confrontational 71 00:03:57,708 --> 00:03:59,333 because of the demonstrations. 72 00:04:00,500 --> 00:04:03,393 A scandal involving an informant and a detective called 73 00:04:03,417 --> 00:04:06,143 Roy Lewandowski threatened to shatter the already 74 00:04:06,167 --> 00:04:09,208 fractious relationship between police and the public. 75 00:04:09,917 --> 00:04:13,351 There was a corrupt relationship between a drug dealer 76 00:04:13,375 --> 00:04:17,726 called Pearl Cameron who sold rocks of cocaine, 77 00:04:17,750 --> 00:04:24,893 rocks of crack from her house, and that became known 78 00:04:24,917 --> 00:04:27,476 because she was dealing with a lot of people. 79 00:04:27,500 --> 00:04:31,434 Sometimes up to 80 wraps a day, which is quite a lot 80 00:04:31,458 --> 00:04:34,934 of material and word obviously got to the police, 81 00:04:34,958 --> 00:04:38,601 but she was protected by a particular 82 00:04:38,625 --> 00:04:41,792 corrupt detective called Roy Lewandowski. 83 00:04:42,750 --> 00:04:46,750 He got money from Pearl Cameron. 84 00:04:47,708 --> 00:04:50,851 She paid him up to a thousand pounds a week 85 00:04:50,875 --> 00:04:57,208 for protection money, and in turn, she gave the names of 86 00:04:57,625 --> 00:05:00,059 and details of people who were buying drugs 87 00:05:00,083 --> 00:05:02,768 from her to Roy Lewandowski. 88 00:05:02,792 --> 00:05:05,393 He was then able to either make arrests 89 00:05:05,417 --> 00:05:11,750 or steal the drugs from the buyer or sometimes do both. 90 00:05:12,833 --> 00:05:15,726 The Met launched an investigation dubbed Operation Jackpot 91 00:05:15,750 --> 00:05:18,184 as a result of public and internal pressure, 92 00:05:18,208 --> 00:05:20,268 but it was clear corruption wasn't 93 00:05:20,292 --> 00:05:21,750 confined to Stoke Newington. 94 00:05:22,167 --> 00:05:24,643 The thing about corruption at Stoke Newington 95 00:05:24,667 --> 00:05:30,018 was it was highlighted through various reasons, 96 00:05:30,042 --> 00:05:33,101 but it was probably going on at just about every 97 00:05:33,125 --> 00:05:36,167 police station to various degrees. 98 00:05:36,458 --> 00:05:39,143 There were certain branches or departments 99 00:05:39,167 --> 00:05:42,518 that had reputations, and even like when you wanted to 100 00:05:42,542 --> 00:05:46,393 contact them legitimately for help in dealing with a case. 101 00:05:46,417 --> 00:05:49,684 After nine o'clock in the morning, you'd ring a pub 102 00:05:49,708 --> 00:05:51,518 because they'd be in a certain pub, 103 00:05:51,542 --> 00:05:54,875 or you'd drink a certain club in... wherever they were. 104 00:05:55,625 --> 00:05:58,768 So, they had reputations for drinking, 105 00:05:58,792 --> 00:06:04,059 for going to gentlemen's only clubs for behaviours that 106 00:06:04,083 --> 00:06:06,893 were questionable and for removing property 107 00:06:06,917 --> 00:06:11,101 and pocketing it because it was almost like they shared 108 00:06:11,125 --> 00:06:12,542 the property that they came across. 109 00:06:13,125 --> 00:06:16,184 An example I can give you is that we'd do a stop on a car 110 00:06:16,208 --> 00:06:20,559 and if the car had drugs in it, sometimes you'd stop a car, 111 00:06:20,583 --> 00:06:22,792 and the boot would be absolutely full of drugs. 112 00:06:23,375 --> 00:06:25,518 You would then call up the CID to say, 113 00:06:25,542 --> 00:06:29,417 'Right, we need this car transported back and it's... 114 00:06:29,667 --> 00:06:31,018 there's a huge amount of drugs' 115 00:06:31,042 --> 00:06:32,018 or whatever the situation is, 116 00:06:32,042 --> 00:06:34,000 'Or a gun or whatever's in this car.' 117 00:06:34,708 --> 00:06:37,101 By the time that car got back to the station, 118 00:06:37,125 --> 00:06:38,851 it wouldn't be a full boot anymore. 119 00:06:38,875 --> 00:06:41,893 It would be half a boot, or something would be missing, 120 00:06:41,917 --> 00:06:44,083 or the jewellery would've gone, or the gun would've gone. 121 00:06:44,542 --> 00:06:46,809 All sorts of things were not in the car, 122 00:06:46,833 --> 00:06:49,893 and you couldn't explain it and you could never challenge. 123 00:06:49,917 --> 00:06:52,934 You could never say who did this because 124 00:06:52,958 --> 00:06:55,309 it was like a closed circle. 125 00:06:55,333 --> 00:06:58,101 No one's ever going to admit to being the person who took 126 00:06:58,125 --> 00:07:01,184 the stuff and everybody else would say, oh, it happens. 127 00:07:01,208 --> 00:07:02,851 Oh, it must have got lost on the way. 128 00:07:02,875 --> 00:07:04,750 Oh, it was left unattended in the car. 129 00:07:05,083 --> 00:07:07,101 As well as corruption being rife, 130 00:07:07,125 --> 00:07:09,934 it was clear that the infrastructure for reporting and dealing 131 00:07:09,958 --> 00:07:12,101 with corrupt behaviour was at best, inadequate, 132 00:07:12,125 --> 00:07:14,143 at worst, non-existent. 133 00:07:14,167 --> 00:07:17,018 When this started happening, when I first started, 134 00:07:17,042 --> 00:07:20,393 I didn't really know what to make of it and I didn't 135 00:07:20,417 --> 00:07:22,018 really know what was happening. 136 00:07:22,042 --> 00:07:23,851 And then over a period of time you realise 137 00:07:23,875 --> 00:07:25,268 it's happening again and again. 138 00:07:25,292 --> 00:07:27,434 You start putting 2 and 2 together and you realise 139 00:07:27,458 --> 00:07:31,184 that people are taking the property for their own use 140 00:07:31,208 --> 00:07:35,018 or for their gain, but there's nothing you can do about it. 141 00:07:35,042 --> 00:07:37,476 And I remember that I did actually raise 142 00:07:37,500 --> 00:07:40,351 an issue with an inspector, my inspector, 143 00:07:40,375 --> 00:07:42,184 and his words were, 144 00:07:42,208 --> 00:07:45,226 'Well, if you think I'm going to back you against that lot, 145 00:07:45,250 --> 00:07:46,851 you've got another thing coming.' 146 00:07:46,875 --> 00:07:48,792 Because it was just the way it was. 147 00:07:49,750 --> 00:07:52,643 More often than not, if a detective or senior officer 148 00:07:52,667 --> 00:07:54,042 was suspected of corruption, 149 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:56,583 they'd simply be moved on to a different branch. 150 00:07:57,750 --> 00:08:01,268 In the 1990s, if there was a suspicion that you were 151 00:08:01,292 --> 00:08:03,809 a corrupt officer, what the senior officers there 152 00:08:03,833 --> 00:08:05,809 would probably do is transfer you. 153 00:08:05,833 --> 00:08:08,143 So, they didn't want to get their hands dirty, 154 00:08:08,167 --> 00:08:10,458 they didn't want to be the person challenging. 155 00:08:10,792 --> 00:08:13,893 They didn't have the power or the support 156 00:08:13,917 --> 00:08:15,601 to do anything about it. 157 00:08:15,625 --> 00:08:18,583 So, normally those individuals would either be promoted, 158 00:08:19,042 --> 00:08:21,893 or they would be transferred, and if one of them got 159 00:08:21,917 --> 00:08:25,018 transferred to another police station, 160 00:08:25,042 --> 00:08:27,934 the other corrupt team would then follow 161 00:08:27,958 --> 00:08:30,333 gradually so they'd all get transfers. 162 00:08:30,750 --> 00:08:34,893 The complaints process was absolutely flawed. 163 00:08:34,917 --> 00:08:36,833 It was not fit for purpose. 164 00:08:37,792 --> 00:08:40,351 The complaints department was made up of individuals 165 00:08:40,375 --> 00:08:42,601 who had worked with some of these individuals 166 00:08:42,625 --> 00:08:44,851 and who themselves were corrupt officers, 167 00:08:44,875 --> 00:08:47,768 and it was like the criminal fraternity. 168 00:08:47,792 --> 00:08:51,351 When they talk about being a grass, it's exactly the same. 169 00:08:51,375 --> 00:08:54,559 Being a police officer, you would be called a grass 170 00:08:54,583 --> 00:08:57,268 if you gave evidence against another officer. 171 00:08:57,292 --> 00:09:00,309 'It's better to be looking the other way.' 172 00:09:00,333 --> 00:09:03,434 'It's better to ignore it than to actually taint yourself 173 00:09:03,458 --> 00:09:05,893 and your career and any sort of development 174 00:09:05,917 --> 00:09:08,625 that you have yourself.' That was how it was. 175 00:09:10,917 --> 00:09:14,101 Whilst Lewandowski did eventually go down for 18 months 176 00:09:14,125 --> 00:09:16,476 for stealing 2000 pounds worth of books from 177 00:09:16,500 --> 00:09:18,292 a deceased man's private collection, 178 00:09:18,750 --> 00:09:22,018 Operation Jackpot was largely lambasted for its failure 179 00:09:22,042 --> 00:09:24,250 to convict more suspected senior officers. 180 00:09:24,708 --> 00:09:27,976 The situation reached breaking point in 1993. 181 00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:32,143 There were two Panorama programmes both centring 182 00:09:32,167 --> 00:09:36,434 on a corrupt detective called John Donald, 183 00:09:36,458 --> 00:09:39,684 who worked for the southeast regional crime squad, 184 00:09:39,708 --> 00:09:41,768 SERCS, in short. 185 00:09:41,792 --> 00:09:48,059 Now John Donald had a corrupt relationship with a criminal, 186 00:09:48,083 --> 00:09:53,143 a drug dealer and a drug dealer went to Panorama 187 00:09:53,167 --> 00:09:56,768 and told about his relationship with John Donald 188 00:09:56,792 --> 00:10:02,101 and was filmed handing over money and meeting 189 00:10:02,125 --> 00:10:06,934 John Donald secretly and so on, and they also showed that 190 00:10:06,958 --> 00:10:10,559 John Donald linked with other officers in 191 00:10:10,583 --> 00:10:14,417 important key intelligence roles. 192 00:10:15,167 --> 00:10:20,208 One worked for NCIS, National Criminal Intelligence Service, 193 00:10:21,292 --> 00:10:24,101 and he gave information to John Donald 194 00:10:24,125 --> 00:10:27,958 who then could pass it on to the criminal. 195 00:10:28,917 --> 00:10:30,934 The programmes were to cause major embarrassment 196 00:10:30,958 --> 00:10:32,625 for the Met on several fronts. 197 00:10:33,958 --> 00:10:37,434 They not only highlighted that corruption was out of control, 198 00:10:37,458 --> 00:10:41,309 alleged links to secretive organisations such as Freemasons 199 00:10:41,333 --> 00:10:44,792 but also that they had no clear strategy to combat it. 200 00:10:45,375 --> 00:10:50,726 What was clear from that was that there'd been an 201 00:10:50,750 --> 00:10:56,059 investigation going on into John Donald at the time, 202 00:10:56,083 --> 00:11:00,226 but those investigators who came from the old C.I.B. 203 00:11:00,250 --> 00:11:03,750 old Complaints Investigation Branch Bureau, 204 00:11:04,958 --> 00:11:08,643 they were unaware first of all, that Panorama 205 00:11:08,667 --> 00:11:11,601 was doing any filming involving John Donald, 206 00:11:11,625 --> 00:11:16,476 and they were unaware that there was a separate 207 00:11:16,500 --> 00:11:19,643 intelligence operation going on to John Donald. 208 00:11:19,667 --> 00:11:21,917 In short, they didn't really have a clue. 209 00:11:22,333 --> 00:11:28,143 What they were doing was researching a complaint made 210 00:11:28,167 --> 00:11:32,250 about John Donald by a Bournemouth restaurateur, 211 00:11:32,583 --> 00:11:37,476 that restaurateur claimed and complained officially 212 00:11:37,500 --> 00:11:43,708 to the Met about John Donald demanding £5,000 from him. 213 00:11:44,458 --> 00:11:49,684 And what the investigators into that complaint wanted 214 00:11:49,708 --> 00:11:52,268 was to film John Donald 215 00:11:52,292 --> 00:11:55,958 accepting £5,000 from the restaurateur. 216 00:11:56,708 --> 00:11:59,643 Now, this was in Bournemouth, and unfortunately 217 00:11:59,667 --> 00:12:05,250 the officers investigating had booked to stay in a hotel 218 00:12:06,417 --> 00:12:12,184 that was also used at the same time for a Masonic function, 219 00:12:12,208 --> 00:12:17,684 and a lot of officers were involved in Freemasonry and some 220 00:12:17,708 --> 00:12:22,559 of them were at this Bournemouth hotel at the same time 221 00:12:22,583 --> 00:12:26,726 as these corruption investigators. 222 00:12:26,750 --> 00:12:30,768 And it seems as though John Donald was somehow 223 00:12:30,792 --> 00:12:34,601 tipped off maybe by someone, a masonry friend. 224 00:12:34,625 --> 00:12:37,934 Anyway, John Donald never showed up at the restaurant 225 00:12:37,958 --> 00:12:40,559 to collect his £5,000. 226 00:12:40,583 --> 00:12:43,476 It was a waste of time, and it showed, as well, 227 00:12:43,500 --> 00:12:48,893 how leaks were possible in such a large organisation 228 00:12:48,917 --> 00:12:50,333 as a Metropolitan Police. 229 00:12:50,583 --> 00:12:53,958 What was needed was a total change of strategy. 230 00:13:02,125 --> 00:13:04,958 Why would an officer go into corrupt activity? 231 00:13:05,833 --> 00:13:08,643 It's a difficult question to say why police officers 232 00:13:08,667 --> 00:13:11,768 can become corrupt because it's very complex. 233 00:13:11,792 --> 00:13:13,434 In the main, I think it's greed. 234 00:13:13,458 --> 00:13:17,268 There's an opportunity literally overnight to triple, 235 00:13:17,292 --> 00:13:19,143 quadruple the amount of money and 236 00:13:19,167 --> 00:13:21,768 revenue cash that they can access. 237 00:13:21,792 --> 00:13:26,434 Cash in transit, robberies were commonplace in the 90s, 238 00:13:26,458 --> 00:13:29,226 large quantitative drugs, with that cash that 239 00:13:29,250 --> 00:13:32,708 were too much for some and very tempting. 240 00:13:33,042 --> 00:13:38,643 If you look at a Detective or a Cop and they're restricted 241 00:13:38,667 --> 00:13:41,434 in their lifestyle, they can't do things that perhaps they'd 242 00:13:41,458 --> 00:13:43,768 like to do, and then they're rubbing shoulders 243 00:13:43,792 --> 00:13:47,018 with serious criminals who've got pound notes 244 00:13:47,042 --> 00:13:48,393 hanging out their back pockets. 245 00:13:48,417 --> 00:13:52,518 They live a lovely, glamorous lifestyle, playboy lifestyle, 246 00:13:52,542 --> 00:13:54,042 and they want some of the action 247 00:13:54,542 --> 00:13:56,708 and the temptation is too much for them. 248 00:13:57,833 --> 00:14:02,643 Greed, ego, and the power thing. 249 00:14:02,667 --> 00:14:04,667 Power and control of somebody. 250 00:14:06,167 --> 00:14:07,226 Bit of peer pressure. 251 00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:11,476 Most of them were on squads and those squads, 252 00:14:11,500 --> 00:14:15,125 you wanted to be one of the boys or to fit in. 253 00:14:15,333 --> 00:14:19,476 That's where the team corruption becomes a difficult issue 254 00:14:19,500 --> 00:14:22,125 for maybe younger, inexperienced officers 255 00:14:22,542 --> 00:14:24,208 that get drawn into that corruption. 256 00:14:24,333 --> 00:14:27,684 Some officers are influenced by others, but there are others 257 00:14:27,708 --> 00:14:31,059 who are genuinely just bad people. 258 00:14:31,083 --> 00:14:34,143 They've got access to money, they've got access to power, 259 00:14:34,167 --> 00:14:35,958 and they abuse that power. 260 00:14:40,958 --> 00:14:43,518 In the early 90s, the Metropolitan Police 261 00:14:43,542 --> 00:14:45,143 had a growing problem with corruption. 262 00:14:45,167 --> 00:14:48,059 Major questions were being asked about its integrity 263 00:14:48,083 --> 00:14:50,083 and ability to police the capital. 264 00:14:50,458 --> 00:14:53,476 The top brass widely acknowledged that a radical change 265 00:14:53,500 --> 00:14:56,768 in strategy was needed, and the man given the job was an 266 00:14:56,792 --> 00:15:00,375 experienced long-serving detective called Roger Gaspar. 267 00:15:00,583 --> 00:15:03,226 Known for cracking paedophile rings in North London, 268 00:15:03,250 --> 00:15:05,559 he was a meticulous investigator 269 00:15:05,583 --> 00:15:07,143 who the senior police chiefs hoped 270 00:15:07,167 --> 00:15:08,542 would get a handle on the problem. 271 00:15:09,042 --> 00:15:10,393 I'm Roger Gaspar. 272 00:15:10,417 --> 00:15:13,059 I had been involved in all sorts of detective work 273 00:15:13,083 --> 00:15:18,250 over the years, and I got involved with CIB2 in 1994. 274 00:15:18,417 --> 00:15:22,809 Roger absolute top operator, a fantastic detective, 275 00:15:22,833 --> 00:15:26,226 a history working in intelligence and serious crime. 276 00:15:26,250 --> 00:15:29,768 He was the only man for the job in my book, at that time. 277 00:15:29,792 --> 00:15:34,309 If... you are dealing with a case of corruption, 278 00:15:34,333 --> 00:15:38,101 what you understand very quickly is that this is 279 00:15:38,125 --> 00:15:42,393 some of the most important work for the police service, 280 00:15:42,417 --> 00:15:46,809 undermining the reputation, the quality of the work. 281 00:15:46,833 --> 00:15:48,875 It's undermining the public; 282 00:15:49,500 --> 00:15:52,542 it's destroying the whole point of it all. 283 00:15:53,417 --> 00:15:55,268 So, you had to take action. 284 00:15:55,292 --> 00:15:57,601 Roger's brief was enormous. 285 00:15:57,625 --> 00:16:00,042 Let's not in any way belittle that. 286 00:16:01,042 --> 00:16:03,726 To be given a brief by the commissioner that says, 287 00:16:03,750 --> 00:16:06,101 I've got my suspicions. 288 00:16:06,125 --> 00:16:10,768 I've got some little sniffs and snorts around the organisation 289 00:16:10,792 --> 00:16:12,309 that things aren't very good. 290 00:16:12,333 --> 00:16:15,458 We've got some corrupt officers, but I just don't know 291 00:16:16,125 --> 00:16:19,434 I'm not going to put loads of resources into investigating it 292 00:16:19,458 --> 00:16:23,143 if in fact it's a fallacy and I'm seeing shadows 293 00:16:23,167 --> 00:16:24,250 where there aren't shadows. 294 00:16:25,125 --> 00:16:30,208 So, Roger, can you get out there, get your hands dirty, 295 00:16:30,750 --> 00:16:33,417 get underneath the covers, lift the drain lids up. 296 00:16:34,042 --> 00:16:36,934 What's under those drain lids? What's under the covers? 297 00:16:36,958 --> 00:16:40,351 Is it honest, hardworking cops, 298 00:16:40,375 --> 00:16:43,500 or is it corrupt cops or is it a mixture of the two? 299 00:16:43,833 --> 00:16:45,809 But cracking police corruption wasn't the only 300 00:16:45,833 --> 00:16:49,143 challenge Roger faced, and it quickly became clear 301 00:16:49,167 --> 00:16:50,875 that he had his work cut out. 302 00:16:51,417 --> 00:16:56,309 When Roger Gaspar arrived and took over at CIB2, 303 00:16:56,333 --> 00:17:01,000 he realised he was up against it with the staff there. 304 00:17:01,333 --> 00:17:07,309 Officers that were employed or deployed on anti-corruption 305 00:17:07,333 --> 00:17:10,375 measures were such that they didn't have the skills. 306 00:17:11,083 --> 00:17:13,726 They were often brought from uniform 307 00:17:13,750 --> 00:17:15,809 and didn't have investigative skills, 308 00:17:15,833 --> 00:17:18,684 didn't have the understanding of the techniques 309 00:17:18,708 --> 00:17:22,167 that were being used by corrupt officers. 310 00:17:22,625 --> 00:17:26,393 They had got very little background knowledge. 311 00:17:26,417 --> 00:17:27,726 So, for example, we had one 312 00:17:27,750 --> 00:17:31,643 whose background was Traffic, not detective work. 313 00:17:31,667 --> 00:17:33,351 A lot of them were near retirement. 314 00:17:33,375 --> 00:17:36,625 They didn't really do any investigations. 315 00:17:37,083 --> 00:17:39,976 As well as issues with personnel, there were problems 316 00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:42,309 with the infrastructure that could potentially compromise 317 00:17:42,333 --> 00:17:44,768 any secret investigations that were carried out. 318 00:17:44,792 --> 00:17:47,809 If we'd started to do any covert work, 319 00:17:47,833 --> 00:17:51,601 we had a problem that we had to go and borrow 320 00:17:51,625 --> 00:17:55,768 for the same equipment as the corrupt people were using, 321 00:17:55,792 --> 00:17:57,851 and this is a small technical unit. 322 00:17:57,875 --> 00:18:01,018 We would have to go and borrow equipment. 323 00:18:01,042 --> 00:18:04,559 And if we took the last bit of equipment and another 324 00:18:04,583 --> 00:18:06,934 operational team then asked for some more stuff 325 00:18:06,958 --> 00:18:10,226 and we're told, oh no, sorry, the last one's gone out to CIB2, 326 00:18:10,250 --> 00:18:13,934 you had this sort of natural knowledge that flowed 327 00:18:13,958 --> 00:18:15,726 around in the service. 328 00:18:15,750 --> 00:18:18,333 None of it necessarily that were deliberate, 329 00:18:18,792 --> 00:18:21,417 but this needed to become professional. 330 00:18:21,583 --> 00:18:23,309 This is not rocket science. 331 00:18:23,333 --> 00:18:27,976 If you go, look at the cycle of how you build 332 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:31,101 a successful investigative capability 333 00:18:31,125 --> 00:18:35,934 you can't go out of the front door poking about in the dark. 334 00:18:35,958 --> 00:18:38,018 You'd be chasing your tail. 335 00:18:38,042 --> 00:18:40,167 You will never achieve anything. 336 00:18:40,792 --> 00:18:44,268 You've got to understand what's the intelligence picture 337 00:18:44,292 --> 00:18:46,893 that's going to inform how I operate. 338 00:18:46,917 --> 00:18:49,184 Now if you look on a national scale, national security 339 00:18:49,208 --> 00:18:52,726 for the country, you've got the investigations that go on, 340 00:18:52,750 --> 00:18:55,042 but the people who are gathering the intelligence 341 00:18:55,583 --> 00:18:59,000 to arm the investigations are the security services. 342 00:18:59,708 --> 00:19:03,458 Internationally, MI6, home is MI5. 343 00:19:03,875 --> 00:19:05,893 They will be developing the intelligence 344 00:19:05,917 --> 00:19:08,351 and they'll be handing it to the police and to 345 00:19:08,375 --> 00:19:11,667 the investigation to turn that intelligence into evidence. 346 00:19:12,208 --> 00:19:15,893 So as night follows day, you had to have 347 00:19:15,917 --> 00:19:17,351 something like the Ghost Squad. 348 00:19:17,375 --> 00:19:20,375 The fact that it was nicknamed the Ghost Squad sums it up. 349 00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:22,434 No one knew it existed. 350 00:19:22,458 --> 00:19:23,934 No one knew what they were doing 351 00:19:23,958 --> 00:19:26,417 and that's exactly how he'd want it. 352 00:19:26,583 --> 00:19:29,101 The name might've sounded like something from a Cold War 353 00:19:29,125 --> 00:19:31,476 espionage thriller, but the reality for 354 00:19:31,500 --> 00:19:33,333 Roger was a little less mysterious. 355 00:19:33,917 --> 00:19:38,559 He shut himself off in an upstairs room secretly 356 00:19:38,583 --> 00:19:43,184 from the rest of CIB2, to try and assess the level 357 00:19:43,208 --> 00:19:45,934 of corruption throughout the Metropolitan Police. 358 00:19:45,958 --> 00:19:50,143 I wanted to have a team that nobody would know about, 359 00:19:50,167 --> 00:19:53,059 that would not be recognised, 360 00:19:53,083 --> 00:20:01,018 and I wanted the secret team to be eyes and ears 361 00:20:01,042 --> 00:20:04,458 who could actually collect new evidence. 362 00:20:05,417 --> 00:20:09,059 Early on a Sunday morning, Gasper decided to get 10 senior 363 00:20:09,083 --> 00:20:11,792 officers together that he trusted for a secret meeting. 364 00:20:12,292 --> 00:20:14,726 He asked them all to list detectives they suspected of being 365 00:20:14,750 --> 00:20:18,101 corrupt, a staggering 83 names were drawn up 366 00:20:18,125 --> 00:20:20,601 and subsequently analysed for links and connections. 367 00:20:20,625 --> 00:20:22,351 Many names were connected 368 00:20:22,375 --> 00:20:24,708 to the Southeast regional crime squad. 369 00:20:25,500 --> 00:20:29,518 What he found was that it was still fairly widespread, 370 00:20:29,542 --> 00:20:35,809 particularly in pockets, and he started to devise a scheme 371 00:20:35,833 --> 00:20:41,226 of dealing with it and argued that there should be an 372 00:20:41,250 --> 00:20:47,726 ultra-secret unit set up, which would gather intelligence 373 00:20:47,750 --> 00:20:54,309 on the police, and then another unit attached to it would then 374 00:20:54,333 --> 00:21:01,667 act on that intelligence and try and catch police and criminals 375 00:21:02,083 --> 00:21:04,893 at it together in their corrupt relationship. 376 00:21:04,917 --> 00:21:10,184 And he was building up dossiers on what he saw 377 00:21:10,208 --> 00:21:12,851 as being the corruption picture within the Met. 378 00:21:12,875 --> 00:21:15,768 He slapped that onto the commissioner's table. 379 00:21:15,792 --> 00:21:18,958 Good morning, sir, some light reading for the weekend. 380 00:21:19,667 --> 00:21:21,208 Light reading it wasn't. 381 00:21:22,208 --> 00:21:24,601 The report painted a damning picture for the then 382 00:21:24,625 --> 00:21:26,143 Commissioner Paul Condon. 383 00:21:26,167 --> 00:21:28,684 Unlike the last big purge, a decade earlier when 384 00:21:28,708 --> 00:21:31,268 corrupt officers were dealt with through forced retirements, 385 00:21:31,292 --> 00:21:34,309 it was decided that this time arrests and convictions 386 00:21:34,333 --> 00:21:37,208 were essential in order to restore the Mets' credibility. 387 00:21:37,292 --> 00:21:39,809 When the intelligence picture became clearer 388 00:21:39,833 --> 00:21:44,809 from Roger Gaspar's report, the commissioner sat down 389 00:21:44,833 --> 00:21:47,101 in a dark room with a wet towel on his head and thought, 390 00:21:47,125 --> 00:21:49,809 well, how the hell am I going to then investigate this 391 00:21:49,833 --> 00:21:54,018 effectively to the point where it's not going to be 392 00:21:54,042 --> 00:21:56,476 so expensive and exhaustive, it's going to grind the whole 393 00:21:56,500 --> 00:21:57,542 of the Met to a halt. 394 00:21:58,042 --> 00:22:01,059 And he came up with a plan which said, 395 00:22:01,083 --> 00:22:03,559 'Well, I'm going to have to get the best detectives 396 00:22:03,583 --> 00:22:08,643 that I've got, and I'm going to have to form a really proactive, 397 00:22:08,667 --> 00:22:13,518 strong investigative arm, and they can use all the tactics 398 00:22:13,542 --> 00:22:16,309 that they've used in the past against top criminals, 399 00:22:16,333 --> 00:22:20,101 international criminals, and I want them to be let loose 400 00:22:20,125 --> 00:22:21,833 on the corrupt cops in the Met. 401 00:22:22,750 --> 00:22:24,476 Roger Gaspar's work with the Ghost Squad 402 00:22:24,500 --> 00:22:26,809 was widely acknowledged for establishing just how 403 00:22:26,833 --> 00:22:28,976 widespread corruption was within the Met, 404 00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:32,143 but it had limited success when it came to gathering evidence 405 00:22:32,167 --> 00:22:35,375 that was usable in court to prosecute corrupt officers. 406 00:22:35,833 --> 00:22:37,476 What came next was a game changer 407 00:22:37,500 --> 00:22:39,167 in the fight against corruption. 408 00:22:39,917 --> 00:22:42,476 Following his report, the decision was taken to form a 409 00:22:42,500 --> 00:22:46,851 new unit called CIB3, whose objective was to carry out 410 00:22:46,875 --> 00:22:49,518 proactive operations for the first time to catch corrupt 411 00:22:49,542 --> 00:22:51,934 officers in the act with irrefutable evidence 412 00:22:51,958 --> 00:22:53,875 that would lead to convictions. 413 00:22:55,500 --> 00:22:57,226 I don't think you can underestimate how significant 414 00:22:57,250 --> 00:23:00,268 the formation of CIB3 was in the history of the Met. 415 00:23:00,292 --> 00:23:06,559 This was an opportunity to do something that had never 416 00:23:06,583 --> 00:23:09,184 been done before, in the way they went about it, 417 00:23:09,208 --> 00:23:13,351 which is about creating a squad of premier operators 418 00:23:13,375 --> 00:23:15,167 in the world of investigation. 419 00:23:15,708 --> 00:23:19,208 They're audacious in the way they operate, adventurous, 420 00:23:19,708 --> 00:23:22,083 but within the parameters of the law, 421 00:23:22,917 --> 00:23:27,042 they were gathering evidence to take corrupt cops 422 00:23:27,625 --> 00:23:31,059 to the Old Bailey, to grip the rail and then we had 423 00:23:31,083 --> 00:23:35,458 the best barristers in London prosecuting. 424 00:23:36,792 --> 00:23:39,167 The man tasked with leading this team was Dave Wood, 425 00:23:39,708 --> 00:23:41,851 a career detective with vast experience in 426 00:23:41,875 --> 00:23:43,708 tackling serious and organised crime. 427 00:23:45,250 --> 00:23:48,851 He was a very experienced detective. 428 00:23:48,875 --> 00:23:53,226 He was so thoughtful, very strategic, but very operational. 429 00:23:53,250 --> 00:23:55,726 So, he could kick a door in at six o'clock in the morning, 430 00:23:55,750 --> 00:23:59,351 but he could also write a strategy at 5 in the afternoon. 431 00:23:59,375 --> 00:24:01,167 That's a wicked combination. 432 00:24:02,625 --> 00:24:04,917 And behind Dave Wood was a team of detectives, 433 00:24:05,375 --> 00:24:09,018 all experts in their field, whose integrity was unquestionable. 434 00:24:09,042 --> 00:24:10,893 They were pulled in from various departments 435 00:24:10,917 --> 00:24:13,083 of the Met and regional police forces. 436 00:24:14,500 --> 00:24:18,750 The officers that were called to CIB3 were basically 437 00:24:19,375 --> 00:24:22,268 handpicked and they were chosen for their different skills. 438 00:24:22,292 --> 00:24:24,559 There was those officers that were very, very good at 439 00:24:24,583 --> 00:24:28,393 interviews, for instance, gathering intelligence, 440 00:24:28,417 --> 00:24:30,309 gathering information. 441 00:24:30,333 --> 00:24:32,208 Then there was investigators. 442 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:36,059 To maintain CIB3 secrecy and to avoid the leaks 443 00:24:36,083 --> 00:24:39,917 that blighted CIB2, detectives were recruited in secret 444 00:24:40,458 --> 00:24:42,375 without even knowing about the unit's formation. 445 00:24:43,333 --> 00:24:45,434 Nobody knew what we were going into 446 00:24:45,458 --> 00:24:47,000 and why they were being called. 447 00:24:47,500 --> 00:24:49,976 And all of a sudden there was this briefing 448 00:24:50,000 --> 00:24:53,809 by the Deputy Commissioner at the time 449 00:24:53,833 --> 00:24:56,559 to say that we've got a big problem. 450 00:24:56,583 --> 00:24:59,184 You've been handpicked. You are here to fight corruption. 451 00:24:59,208 --> 00:25:03,184 I was shocked. I was taken back. 452 00:25:03,208 --> 00:25:05,601 I wanted to stay on the drug squad, personally. 453 00:25:05,625 --> 00:25:08,059 I didn't want to go to this newly formed unit, 454 00:25:08,083 --> 00:25:12,059 and I think quite a few of my peers were colleagues. 455 00:25:12,083 --> 00:25:14,833 They were the same because it was an unknown. 456 00:25:16,542 --> 00:25:19,559 But as news of CIB3's existence started to filter through 457 00:25:19,583 --> 00:25:22,601 the Met its new recruits had to face down more than 458 00:25:22,625 --> 00:25:24,375 just catching corrupt police officers. 459 00:25:25,792 --> 00:25:28,101 There was a stigma. The general feeling was; 460 00:25:28,125 --> 00:25:31,542 people are being targeted. There's no corruption. 461 00:25:32,417 --> 00:25:35,018 Rubber heelers, I think is the term that they use. 462 00:25:35,042 --> 00:25:37,726 We were sort of looked at and not trusted. 463 00:25:37,750 --> 00:25:40,518 We all of a sudden thought, we don't really want to be here. 464 00:25:40,542 --> 00:25:42,101 We don't want to do this. 465 00:25:42,125 --> 00:25:46,559 But once the arrests started happening and once the cases 466 00:25:46,583 --> 00:25:50,059 started going to court, there was a complete wind change 467 00:25:50,083 --> 00:25:55,643 in that actually people didn't realise what magnitude it was, 468 00:25:55,667 --> 00:25:57,601 what the corruption was. 469 00:25:57,625 --> 00:26:00,643 And once they started to realise armed robberies 470 00:26:00,667 --> 00:26:03,684 being committed by police officers, drug dealing 471 00:26:03,708 --> 00:26:07,434 being committed by police officers, stealing large quantities 472 00:26:07,458 --> 00:26:10,143 of cash being committed by police officers, 473 00:26:10,167 --> 00:26:12,976 all of a sudden, the attitude completely changed. 474 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:15,542 I think it did become fairly exciting 475 00:26:16,667 --> 00:26:21,101 because the police had never done this before. 476 00:26:21,125 --> 00:26:23,083 It was a new challenge. 477 00:26:24,667 --> 00:26:28,268 Key to CIB3 getting results was its shift in strategy 478 00:26:28,292 --> 00:26:30,309 and it was clear to its new recruits 479 00:26:30,333 --> 00:26:32,583 that the Met were leaving no stone unturned. 480 00:26:34,542 --> 00:26:39,476 Before CIB3 counter-corruption wasn't taken seriously, really, 481 00:26:39,500 --> 00:26:45,184 and it didn't have the resources thrown at it to actually 482 00:26:45,208 --> 00:26:49,101 investigate to the point of gathering evidence, that was 483 00:26:49,125 --> 00:26:51,809 sound evidence, that could be used in the prosecution. 484 00:26:51,833 --> 00:26:55,143 It's easy to get intelligence, it's easy to get information, 485 00:26:55,167 --> 00:27:00,851 but actually to get evidence of corruption is very difficult. 486 00:27:00,875 --> 00:27:04,351 The formation of CIB3, I think was A) 487 00:27:04,375 --> 00:27:06,643 a turning point and extremely significant 488 00:27:06,667 --> 00:27:08,768 in the fight against corruption. 489 00:27:08,792 --> 00:27:14,726 Never before had so many resources from a proactive side 490 00:27:14,750 --> 00:27:18,726 been thrown into dealing with anti-corruption 491 00:27:18,750 --> 00:27:20,375 or dealing with corruption. 492 00:27:20,917 --> 00:27:23,351 So, we were given those resources, not only we were given 493 00:27:23,375 --> 00:27:29,000 the resources, we were allowed within reason, obviously, 494 00:27:29,500 --> 00:27:33,875 and legally, allowed to push the barriers, which we did, 495 00:27:34,292 --> 00:27:38,083 and we had the equipment to deal with that. 496 00:27:39,250 --> 00:27:41,167 And as well as having the resources, 497 00:27:41,542 --> 00:27:43,500 the infrastructure was changing too. 498 00:27:44,833 --> 00:27:48,643 The main difference between CIB3 and what had gone before 499 00:27:48,667 --> 00:27:52,018 was that it worked in total secrecy. 500 00:27:52,042 --> 00:27:56,750 There were two units within CIB3, one gathered intelligence, 501 00:27:57,458 --> 00:28:01,059 followed up suspect officers, followed them, 502 00:28:01,083 --> 00:28:04,684 they bugged their telephones, bugged their homes, 503 00:28:04,708 --> 00:28:10,726 talked to associates and so on, did financial inquiries 504 00:28:10,750 --> 00:28:14,917 about them, and when they got what they thought was 505 00:28:15,417 --> 00:28:20,351 evidence of wrongdoing of corruption, that information 506 00:28:20,375 --> 00:28:27,208 would then be passed over to the active side of the CIB3 507 00:28:27,500 --> 00:28:29,643 who would then act on this information 508 00:28:29,667 --> 00:28:33,958 and try and get evidence, try and get people to talk. 509 00:28:34,917 --> 00:28:38,018 Gathering evidence in this proactive manner was essential 510 00:28:38,042 --> 00:28:40,018 if CIB3 was going to have a chance of 511 00:28:40,042 --> 00:28:42,125 turning prosecutions into convictions. 512 00:28:43,583 --> 00:28:47,750 In the past, a lot of investigations for corrupt cops 513 00:28:49,250 --> 00:28:51,434 spent years going through appeals. 514 00:28:51,458 --> 00:28:56,125 People wriggling like fish caught on the end of a fishing line, 515 00:28:56,625 --> 00:29:00,018 trying to get off, trying to find any angle that they possibly 516 00:29:00,042 --> 00:29:03,708 could to make a legal argument that makes them walk away. 517 00:29:04,167 --> 00:29:07,309 So that's no different to investigating serious crime, 518 00:29:07,333 --> 00:29:10,768 of course, but I think it becomes even more pertinent 519 00:29:10,792 --> 00:29:12,542 when you're looking at corrupt cops because 520 00:29:12,958 --> 00:29:14,167 I mean, they know the system. 521 00:29:14,667 --> 00:29:17,643 And what you don't want to do is inadvertently 522 00:29:17,667 --> 00:29:20,500 cut a corner, which opens up a right of appeal. 523 00:29:20,875 --> 00:29:24,434 So, one of the things that I think is notable about CIB3 524 00:29:24,458 --> 00:29:28,476 is if you look at their track record, the evidence was so 525 00:29:28,500 --> 00:29:33,309 compelling and persuasive that they ended up either 526 00:29:33,333 --> 00:29:35,809 changing their plea from not guilty to guilty 527 00:29:35,833 --> 00:29:38,684 or going straight to guilty in the first place. 528 00:29:38,708 --> 00:29:41,625 Or in a few instances realising, 529 00:29:42,167 --> 00:29:43,726 'Well, my back's against the wall here, 530 00:29:43,750 --> 00:29:45,934 I've got no wiggle room whatsoever. 531 00:29:45,958 --> 00:29:48,542 I know what I'll do. I'll become an informant.' 532 00:29:48,708 --> 00:29:53,434 And they became a supergrass, and therefore they got 533 00:29:53,458 --> 00:29:56,809 maybe a lighter, lenient sentence in the way of being 534 00:29:56,833 --> 00:30:00,351 dealt with, and they went into a protective custody, 535 00:30:00,375 --> 00:30:01,684 and they were providing intelligence 536 00:30:01,708 --> 00:30:03,208 against other corrupt cops. 537 00:30:04,375 --> 00:30:08,643 In 1997, just prior to CIB3's formation, Dave Wood 538 00:30:08,667 --> 00:30:10,934 and his team went after a former Met detective called 539 00:30:10,958 --> 00:30:13,434 Duncan Hanrahan, who had extensive links 540 00:30:13,458 --> 00:30:16,184 to corrupt officers and criminals in Southeast London, 541 00:30:16,208 --> 00:30:19,018 including a notorious private investigation firm 542 00:30:19,042 --> 00:30:21,083 called Southern Investigations. 543 00:30:21,542 --> 00:30:24,476 Code named Operation Eden, it was one of the 544 00:30:24,500 --> 00:30:27,309 first operations that would put Dave Wood's new proactive 545 00:30:27,333 --> 00:30:31,625 strategy to the test and give the Met its first supergrass. 546 00:30:33,875 --> 00:30:37,309 Investigating serious crime can be really 547 00:30:37,333 --> 00:30:39,417 beneficial if you get a supergrass. 548 00:30:39,667 --> 00:30:40,809 What's a supergrass? 549 00:30:40,833 --> 00:30:43,333 It's someone who's been involved in criminality, 550 00:30:44,083 --> 00:30:46,934 sees there's an opportunity probably to get a reduced 551 00:30:46,958 --> 00:30:51,292 sentence if they basically snitch on fellow criminals. 552 00:30:51,958 --> 00:30:54,792 Now, CIB3, when they were investigating corruption, 553 00:30:55,208 --> 00:30:58,958 were able to use supergrasses in that way. 554 00:30:59,375 --> 00:31:02,726 And probably the most notable early doors 555 00:31:02,750 --> 00:31:06,167 of supergrasses was a guy called Duncan Hanrahan. 556 00:31:06,833 --> 00:31:08,708 But who was Duncan Hanrahan? 557 00:31:09,792 --> 00:31:12,083 Now, Hanrahan was an ex-detective, 558 00:31:12,667 --> 00:31:16,309 and he was acting really as the go-between, 559 00:31:16,333 --> 00:31:20,059 the conduit between the criminal world and those 560 00:31:20,083 --> 00:31:23,476 who are corrupt cops and the criminal world, 561 00:31:23,500 --> 00:31:25,643 they just love a corrupt cop. 562 00:31:25,667 --> 00:31:28,976 It covers their back, it gives them information, 563 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:30,768 and everyone wins. 564 00:31:30,792 --> 00:31:32,708 The cop gets the money in his back pocket 565 00:31:33,542 --> 00:31:35,667 and the criminal hopefully is being protected. 566 00:31:37,042 --> 00:31:39,226 In this case, Duncan Hanrahan was working 567 00:31:39,250 --> 00:31:42,101 with Southern Investigations who he had previous 568 00:31:42,125 --> 00:31:44,750 suspected corrupt links with when he was a serving detective. 569 00:31:45,792 --> 00:31:49,018 Southern Investigations came up onto the intelligence radar 570 00:31:49,042 --> 00:31:52,809 from an operation which was spanned over a few years, 571 00:31:52,833 --> 00:31:55,518 and they were gathering intelligence as to whether or not 572 00:31:55,542 --> 00:31:58,083 there was corruption within the Metropolitan Police. 573 00:31:58,625 --> 00:32:02,958 And hey ho, the light bulb came up on Southern Investigations. 574 00:32:03,625 --> 00:32:07,643 Run by a guy called Jonathan Reese, an ex-cop, 575 00:32:07,667 --> 00:32:11,434 no surprise there and he was working 576 00:32:11,458 --> 00:32:13,792 very closely with Duncan Hanrahan. 577 00:32:14,958 --> 00:32:16,601 That was really the source of 578 00:32:16,625 --> 00:32:18,708 friction within Southern investigations. 579 00:32:19,250 --> 00:32:22,768 And there are some suspicions that the killing 580 00:32:22,792 --> 00:32:25,934 of Daniel Morgan may have been linked to that, 581 00:32:25,958 --> 00:32:28,125 but that's really never been proved. 582 00:32:28,958 --> 00:32:33,684 Another player within that scenario was, at that time, 583 00:32:33,708 --> 00:32:36,083 a serving Detective Sergeant Sid Fillery. 584 00:32:36,875 --> 00:32:40,375 Now Sid Fillery, no surprise here either, 585 00:32:40,833 --> 00:32:43,768 he was then employed to investigate the murder of 586 00:32:43,792 --> 00:32:47,684 Daniel Morgan, and it's been well reported that the suspicion 587 00:32:47,708 --> 00:32:50,976 around the corruption of that investigation has led to 588 00:32:51,000 --> 00:32:54,958 actually no result, no outcome of that investigation. 589 00:32:55,583 --> 00:32:59,851 So, all in all, what we're seeing here is an ex-detective 590 00:32:59,875 --> 00:33:03,768 themselves, Jonathan Reese, using Duncan Hanrahan 591 00:33:03,792 --> 00:33:06,351 to his own end to make sure an investigation 592 00:33:06,375 --> 00:33:08,542 of an alleged robbery grinds to a halt, 593 00:33:08,875 --> 00:33:11,934 and then an alleged murder, which linked suspicions 594 00:33:11,958 --> 00:33:14,101 with Reese and Southern Investigations 595 00:33:14,125 --> 00:33:17,643 was then investigated by a serving Detective Sergeant, 596 00:33:17,667 --> 00:33:20,476 who again had links into Southern Investigations, 597 00:33:20,500 --> 00:33:22,833 and that's never actually been concluded. 598 00:33:24,042 --> 00:33:25,851 The relationship between Hanrahan 599 00:33:25,875 --> 00:33:28,976 and Southern Investigations continued after Hanrahan 600 00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:31,101 had left the Met on grounds of ill health. 601 00:33:31,125 --> 00:33:34,601 And what Operation Eden found was that together 602 00:33:34,625 --> 00:33:37,333 they were keen to recruit more bent coppers. 603 00:33:37,708 --> 00:33:41,643 Duncan Hanrahan was an important figure. 604 00:33:41,667 --> 00:33:45,875 He was often seen drinking with Jonathan Rees, 605 00:33:46,583 --> 00:33:49,518 Sid Fillery and Alex Leighton. 606 00:33:49,542 --> 00:33:52,684 Alex Leighton was a sergeant named as corrupt 607 00:33:52,708 --> 00:33:55,809 in the John Donald Prosecution. 608 00:33:55,833 --> 00:34:01,208 They were all Freemasons and met on Freemasons basis. 609 00:34:01,708 --> 00:34:06,393 The behaviour of Duncan Hanrahan, being the go-between 610 00:34:06,417 --> 00:34:09,018 between Southern Investigations, Jonathan Rees, 611 00:34:09,042 --> 00:34:14,667 and corruption in the Met, had no real limits. 612 00:34:15,667 --> 00:34:19,893 A good example of that is that they wanted to find out 613 00:34:19,917 --> 00:34:24,583 exactly what the evidence was on an investigation. 614 00:34:25,042 --> 00:34:27,726 How would they sort of construct a defence 615 00:34:27,750 --> 00:34:29,833 for one of their fellow criminals? 616 00:34:30,417 --> 00:34:35,268 So, what Hanrahan did is he approached an honest serving 617 00:34:35,292 --> 00:34:39,458 Detective Chief Inspector, called Chief Inspector Elcock, 618 00:34:39,833 --> 00:34:43,083 who was running the internal complaints investigations 619 00:34:43,917 --> 00:34:49,518 in Edmonton as part of the Met, and he entertained Elcock 620 00:34:49,542 --> 00:34:56,292 over some liquid lunches and was trying to entice Elcock 621 00:34:56,750 --> 00:35:01,393 to investigate what was seen to be a false complaint, 622 00:35:01,417 --> 00:35:05,601 and then reveal some of the information and the evidence 623 00:35:05,625 --> 00:35:09,000 of a current investigation against a fellow criminal. 624 00:35:09,833 --> 00:35:12,143 Elcock being an up and standing honest cop 625 00:35:12,167 --> 00:35:17,643 reports the inappropriate approach by Hanrahan and CIB3 626 00:35:17,667 --> 00:35:20,851 are then able to put a cloak of protection around Elcock 627 00:35:20,875 --> 00:35:25,434 and direct him accordingly to get a snare on Hanrahan 628 00:35:25,458 --> 00:35:28,643 and his criminal activity as trying to 629 00:35:28,667 --> 00:35:31,292 entice corruption within the Met. 630 00:35:31,875 --> 00:35:36,309 He was reluctant to get involved, but he was persuaded 631 00:35:36,333 --> 00:35:40,893 by CIB3 who said, just listen to what Hanrahan's saying 632 00:35:40,917 --> 00:35:43,500 and agree to do this and that for him. 633 00:35:44,250 --> 00:35:47,958 This is a guy that is end of his service, looking for retirement. 634 00:35:48,125 --> 00:35:49,601 It must have been a nightmare for him. 635 00:35:49,625 --> 00:35:54,684 Elcock decided to go ahead, but he was still very worried 636 00:35:54,708 --> 00:35:58,518 about the situation because CIB3 provided 637 00:35:58,542 --> 00:36:00,708 him with recording equipment. 638 00:36:00,917 --> 00:36:04,518 He'd had no training in using the equipment before. 639 00:36:04,542 --> 00:36:08,708 He had no training in playing along with corruption. 640 00:36:09,125 --> 00:36:11,559 Elcock was in an unenviable position, 641 00:36:11,583 --> 00:36:14,934 but without his involvement, CIB3 wouldn't have been able 642 00:36:14,958 --> 00:36:17,625 to gather the evidence they needed to nail Hanrahan. 643 00:36:18,667 --> 00:36:22,309 He was having to please Hanrahan and show that he was 644 00:36:22,333 --> 00:36:23,917 actually corrupt, but he wasn't. 645 00:36:24,667 --> 00:36:27,417 And he was also having to have a meeting with CIB3 646 00:36:27,833 --> 00:36:30,018 to get directions as to how they could 647 00:36:30,042 --> 00:36:32,042 get evidence against Hanrahan. 648 00:36:32,208 --> 00:36:37,101 On one occasion, what Elcock did was he fabricated the police 649 00:36:37,125 --> 00:36:41,333 pocket notebooks to convince Hanrahan he was corrupt. 650 00:36:42,583 --> 00:36:45,059 But all along he was honest, 651 00:36:45,083 --> 00:36:49,250 and he was showing him basically false information. 652 00:36:50,125 --> 00:36:53,351 Elcock continued to play his part as the reluctant go-between 653 00:36:53,375 --> 00:36:56,625 nurturing the corrupt relationship on behalf of CIB3. 654 00:36:57,500 --> 00:37:00,042 It wasn't long before Elcock was introduced to a bigger fish. 655 00:37:01,125 --> 00:37:02,809 There were further meetings with Hanrahan, 656 00:37:02,833 --> 00:37:06,309 but then Hanrahan turned out basically to be 657 00:37:06,333 --> 00:37:10,809 an errand boy for a much bigger personage. 658 00:37:10,833 --> 00:37:12,500 Someone called Martin King. 659 00:37:13,167 --> 00:37:19,417 He had been a detective, a serious detective, 660 00:37:19,958 --> 00:37:24,809 but he'd gone corrupt and had been suspected of 661 00:37:24,833 --> 00:37:27,601 corruption and had left the Metropolitan Police. 662 00:37:27,625 --> 00:37:32,958 He then ran a restaurant and a nightclub and a snooker hall, 663 00:37:33,417 --> 00:37:38,208 and through them came into contact with heavy criminals. 664 00:37:38,458 --> 00:37:40,934 One of the things that he agreed to do, this is King, 665 00:37:40,958 --> 00:37:46,018 agreed to do for the criminals, was to claim rewards for some of 666 00:37:46,042 --> 00:37:49,226 the activities that the criminals had been involved in. 667 00:37:49,250 --> 00:37:53,809 One of them involved a Henry Moore statue, 668 00:37:53,833 --> 00:37:57,208 which was said to be worth a £100,000. 669 00:37:57,625 --> 00:38:03,851 Now, King wanted Elcock to put his name forward, 670 00:38:03,875 --> 00:38:07,101 King's name forward as an informant, 671 00:38:07,125 --> 00:38:09,101 on the whereabouts of the statue. 672 00:38:09,125 --> 00:38:13,250 The reward of £10,000 was paid to King, 673 00:38:13,708 --> 00:38:17,375 who gave £1,000 of it to Elcock. 674 00:38:19,875 --> 00:38:22,684 As the Elcock and King relationship developed further, 675 00:38:22,708 --> 00:38:25,042 so did the favours he was being asked to do. 676 00:38:25,875 --> 00:38:28,500 When asked to get involved in a potential murder plot, 677 00:38:28,833 --> 00:38:31,167 CIB3 were there to step in. 678 00:38:31,750 --> 00:38:36,268 King asked Elcock to get a witness in a forthcoming 679 00:38:36,292 --> 00:38:39,476 prosecution case, a key witness 680 00:38:39,500 --> 00:38:43,934 in a prosecution case to meet with him, Elcock. 681 00:38:43,958 --> 00:38:48,018 And Elcock would somehow manage to get him 682 00:38:48,042 --> 00:38:49,934 to the top of a tower block of flats. 683 00:38:49,958 --> 00:38:57,601 Once there, Elcock could then withdraw, and King's Associates 684 00:38:57,625 --> 00:39:02,226 would move in and push the guy off the top of the 685 00:39:02,250 --> 00:39:05,434 tower block of flats and basically kill him. 686 00:39:05,458 --> 00:39:09,726 At that stage, Elcock got even more nervous 687 00:39:09,750 --> 00:39:13,101 and worried about it and contacted CIB3. 688 00:39:13,125 --> 00:39:18,458 CIB3 said, 'This has gone far enough we better stop this now.' 689 00:39:18,917 --> 00:39:22,143 CIB3 decided then that the operation 690 00:39:22,167 --> 00:39:24,934 had to be called off, and they moved in. 691 00:39:24,958 --> 00:39:31,393 They arrested King and Harahan and hoped that one of them, 692 00:39:31,417 --> 00:39:33,833 or both of them, would turn supergrass, 693 00:39:34,333 --> 00:39:35,809 to save their own skin. 694 00:39:35,833 --> 00:39:40,476 What is a fascinating scenario here is the common thread 695 00:39:40,500 --> 00:39:44,601 is all these players are former police officers. 696 00:39:44,625 --> 00:39:47,059 And what Southern investigations Jonathan Reese 697 00:39:47,083 --> 00:39:51,601 wanted was the ability to be able to get an inside track 698 00:39:51,625 --> 00:39:55,250 of what's going on in the Met and in investigations. 699 00:39:55,583 --> 00:40:00,101 So, he basically was using Hanrahan as a recruiting agency 700 00:40:00,125 --> 00:40:04,101 to approach serving cops to see if they were vulnerable, 701 00:40:04,125 --> 00:40:08,434 to be able to turn into corruption and serve the purposes 702 00:40:08,458 --> 00:40:11,167 of Jonathan Reese and Southern Investigations. 703 00:40:12,042 --> 00:40:15,476 Now, in the custody of CIB3, the investigation team 704 00:40:15,500 --> 00:40:17,393 went to work on King and Hanrahan, 705 00:40:17,417 --> 00:40:18,833 hoping to get them talking. 706 00:40:19,958 --> 00:40:22,268 King happy to take whatever sentence 707 00:40:22,292 --> 00:40:24,542 was thrown at him, refused to talk. 708 00:40:24,958 --> 00:40:28,101 However, the weight of evidence CIB3 gathered 709 00:40:28,125 --> 00:40:30,976 against Hanrahan, resulted in him confessing to 710 00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:33,250 having links with various well-known criminals. 711 00:40:34,458 --> 00:40:36,250 Hanrahan knew he had nowhere to go, 712 00:40:36,792 --> 00:40:39,393 and the only alternative for him to try and get a 713 00:40:39,417 --> 00:40:43,417 reduced sentence at court was to turn supergrass. 714 00:40:44,208 --> 00:40:47,143 He made widespread admissions of his criminal activity. 715 00:40:47,167 --> 00:40:49,934 But whilst on remand at Parkhurst Prison's 716 00:40:49,958 --> 00:40:53,143 supergrass Wing intelligence was received that Hanrahan 717 00:40:53,167 --> 00:40:56,434 had told a fellow supergrass Ray Brown, they had only told 718 00:40:56,458 --> 00:40:59,292 investigators half the truth, to protect friends. 719 00:40:59,792 --> 00:41:02,976 A further operation was mounted, and conversations 720 00:41:03,000 --> 00:41:05,559 were covertly recorded between Hanrahan and Brown, 721 00:41:05,583 --> 00:41:07,167 confirming the intelligence. 722 00:41:07,500 --> 00:41:09,976 It's not uncommon for someone like Hanrahan who is 723 00:41:10,000 --> 00:41:15,500 a supergrass to try and dupe the investigating officers. 724 00:41:16,000 --> 00:41:21,601 He gave what he saw as a bit of bait, really to the CIB3, 725 00:41:21,625 --> 00:41:24,417 hoping that what he gave them was going to be sufficient. 726 00:41:25,333 --> 00:41:28,708 What he didn't account for is he couldn't keep his mouth shut. 727 00:41:29,208 --> 00:41:31,893 He goes to prison and he's bragging to a 728 00:41:31,917 --> 00:41:34,583 fellow inmate that's what he's done. 729 00:41:35,458 --> 00:41:39,375 So, there's no friendships amongst criminals. 730 00:41:39,917 --> 00:41:43,434 So, the person he's sort of bragging to decides, 731 00:41:43,458 --> 00:41:45,309 'Well, hang on, I could get some discount here 732 00:41:45,333 --> 00:41:46,875 if he is, so can I.' 733 00:41:47,500 --> 00:41:51,476 And he tells the authorities of the lies that Hanrahan had 734 00:41:51,500 --> 00:41:53,309 said to the investigating officers. 735 00:41:53,333 --> 00:41:56,625 He gets re-arrested and it all starts again. 736 00:41:58,792 --> 00:42:00,518 Hanrahan's second round of confessions 737 00:42:00,542 --> 00:42:02,226 proved to be more revealing. 738 00:42:02,250 --> 00:42:05,434 He omitted arranging the theft of 40,000 ecstasy tablets 739 00:42:05,458 --> 00:42:09,018 with a street value of £600,000 from a West London 740 00:42:09,042 --> 00:42:10,500 drug dealer Jason Proctor. 741 00:42:11,042 --> 00:42:14,184 Proctor was the manager of the Good Value Pine Shop in Chiswick 742 00:42:14,208 --> 00:42:16,768 Vincent Arnell, a criminal associated with 743 00:42:16,792 --> 00:42:18,458 Hanrahan ordered the drugs. 744 00:42:19,083 --> 00:42:22,268 Then two friends of Hanrahan, DS Len Guerard and 745 00:42:22,292 --> 00:42:25,143 DC Chris Carter executed a search warrant 746 00:42:25,167 --> 00:42:27,018 purporting to be looking for stolen lighters 747 00:42:27,042 --> 00:42:29,333 when they knew the drugs were at the Pine shop. 748 00:42:30,250 --> 00:42:32,351 The drugs were not taken to the police station, 749 00:42:32,375 --> 00:42:35,976 but loaded into Hanrahan's van nearby, Guerard and Carter 750 00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:37,976 told their boss that nothing had been found. 751 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:40,851 The drugs were then sold in Scotland with the assistance of 752 00:42:40,875 --> 00:42:43,500 a man called Steven Warner and the proceeds divided. 753 00:42:44,125 --> 00:42:47,250 Warner was a known criminal who was of interest to CIB3 754 00:42:47,875 --> 00:42:49,851 because of his connection to the Adams family 755 00:42:49,875 --> 00:42:52,333 who had links to organised crime in North London. 756 00:42:53,333 --> 00:42:59,309 If they got Warner on board, then he could maybe give them 757 00:42:59,333 --> 00:43:03,351 information about the Adams family that would help convict 758 00:43:03,375 --> 00:43:06,643 some of them because the Adams family 759 00:43:06,667 --> 00:43:09,083 had escaped major prosecutions. 760 00:43:10,917 --> 00:43:14,643 Using undercover officers, CIB3 engaged with Warner 761 00:43:14,667 --> 00:43:17,309 in the hope of securing evidence of criminal activity 762 00:43:17,333 --> 00:43:19,375 and intel on his criminal network. 763 00:43:19,958 --> 00:43:21,958 It wasn't long before they got results. 764 00:43:23,167 --> 00:43:25,559 They knew that Warner was a drug dealer, 765 00:43:25,583 --> 00:43:28,684 so they had an undercover officer who called himself Dave, 766 00:43:28,708 --> 00:43:32,934 get into him to want to buy some drugs, 767 00:43:32,958 --> 00:43:39,268 and the undercover officer did get some drugs, 768 00:43:39,292 --> 00:43:43,393 and then Warner thinking that this was a good contact, 769 00:43:43,417 --> 00:43:47,934 asked him to do some more work for him to get 770 00:43:47,958 --> 00:43:51,708 at a particular witness and to maybe kill a witness. 771 00:43:52,667 --> 00:43:54,934 The intended victim of this sinister plot was a man 772 00:43:54,958 --> 00:43:58,351 called Jimmy Cook, a criminal associate of Jonathan Rees. 773 00:43:58,375 --> 00:44:00,851 Another undercover officer was introduced to Warner as a 774 00:44:00,875 --> 00:44:04,708 contract killer and asked to kill Jimmy Cook for £10,000. 775 00:44:05,333 --> 00:44:09,101 A deposit of £500 was paid, a Browning automatic weapon 776 00:44:09,125 --> 00:44:11,667 provided along with a photograph of the target. 777 00:44:12,042 --> 00:44:15,226 This was enough for investigating officers to arrest Warner. 778 00:44:15,250 --> 00:44:18,726 Warner subsequently admitted a series of serious offences, 779 00:44:18,750 --> 00:44:20,726 including the conspiracy with Hanrahan 780 00:44:20,750 --> 00:44:24,018 to steal the 40,000 ecstasy tablets, the supply 781 00:44:24,042 --> 00:44:27,083 of a kilo of cocaine and incitement to murder. 782 00:44:27,542 --> 00:44:30,393 He also provided new insignificant evidence regarding 783 00:44:30,417 --> 00:44:33,184 the murder of Daniel Morgan and indicated a willingness 784 00:44:33,208 --> 00:44:35,434 to give evidence of corruption against police officers, 785 00:44:35,458 --> 00:44:37,083 including Guerard and Carter. 786 00:44:38,500 --> 00:44:41,809 Operation Eden was deemed a success 787 00:44:41,833 --> 00:44:48,500 because it had got Hanrahan, it had exposed Martin King, 788 00:44:49,458 --> 00:44:52,018 and it had got Steven Warner, 789 00:44:52,042 --> 00:44:56,393 a drugs dealer, and all were convicted. 790 00:44:56,417 --> 00:45:00,601 So, it was a success, and it was a success as well because 791 00:45:00,625 --> 00:45:07,792 the undercover officers were used successfully in a way, 792 00:45:08,542 --> 00:45:13,226 and the sting involving Hanrahan, King, and 793 00:45:13,250 --> 00:45:15,768 Elcock that also worked well. 794 00:45:15,792 --> 00:45:19,101 These were tactics that were adopted later on 795 00:45:19,125 --> 00:45:22,417 in other operations with CIB3. 796 00:45:23,125 --> 00:45:25,351 However, there were lessons to be learned 797 00:45:25,375 --> 00:45:27,768 from Operation Eden, as Warner was sentenced 798 00:45:27,792 --> 00:45:29,809 before he was required to give evidence, 799 00:45:29,833 --> 00:45:32,393 having received what he thought was a lenient prison term, 800 00:45:32,417 --> 00:45:35,309 he then refused to testify against Hanrahan and the others. 801 00:45:35,333 --> 00:45:37,893 In addition to this, Hanrahan's credibility was 802 00:45:37,917 --> 00:45:40,184 brought into question by Guerard and Carter, 803 00:45:40,208 --> 00:45:43,250 who with previous clean records were cleared of any charges. 804 00:45:43,625 --> 00:45:46,143 The lessons learned were harsh, but they would inform how 805 00:45:46,167 --> 00:45:48,226 CIB3 operated going forward 806 00:45:48,250 --> 00:45:50,292 in their fight against corruption.