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[tense music]
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[narrator] What is a Pharaoh?
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She is the sands and the sky.
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♪ See the sky ♪
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And everything in between.
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♪ Catch the dream ♪
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Egypt is her firstborn.
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♪ Standing tall until the end ♪
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And when the moment comes...
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♪ I'll survive ♪
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♪ I'm not falling down ♪
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...she must be ready to sacrifice everything
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to protect what she loves most.
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[Mark Antony] What have you done?
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["Love and Rage" playing]
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[Cleopatra] I did what I had to do
to protect what is mine.
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[Thyrsus] My lord, Octavian,
he's willing to grant your request.
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On one condition.
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Kill Antony.
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[Mark Antony] All I want is your trust.
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[theme music]
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[upbeat music]
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[children laughing]
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[laughing continues]
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[Shelley] After the Battle of Actium,
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Mark Antony enters a period
of clinical depression.
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[Jacquelyn] Their navy is gone.
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Their military is splintered.
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[Shelley] He does not speak to Cleopatra.
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And her confidence in him is eroded.
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And so, confidence
in their relationship is eroded.
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[Shelley] "Can I trust him?"
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"Does he trust me?"
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[Shelley] There's a lot of doubt there.
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[Jacquelyn] Cleopatra knew
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the full might of Rome
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coming against Egypt
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spelled the end for an independent Egypt.
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[Jacquelyn]
There is no question that they are
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in immediate jeopardy.
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[Jacquelyn] Cleopatra knows
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that in order to protect the continuance
of Egypt as a dynastic state,
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that she needs to protect her heirs.
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So, she sends them away
to make sure that they are safe.
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[Shelley] If her children don't survive,
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particularly Caesarion,
who was her co-pharaoh...
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that's the end.
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[Cleopatra crying]
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[Colleen] As the earthly incarnation
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of the goddess Isis,
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Cleopatra is also the earthly embodiment
of divine motherhood.
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[Colleen] Just think about
how heart-wrenching it must have been
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to send her children away.
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And yet, she had no choice politically
or for their safety.
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[Charmion] Pharaoh, we have to go.
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I know, just give me a minute.
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[Cleopatra cries]
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You two...
[soft chuckle]
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You two are one blood, hm?
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[Cleopatra] My blood.
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Divine blood.
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Don't you forget that.
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[Selene] I won't forget.
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[Charmion] Pharaoh.
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[Cleopatra crying]
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The things that are most precious
to Cleopatra are her children.
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Because as long as they're safe,
as long as they're alive...
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she's alive.
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And there's hope for Egypt.
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Cleopatra is always a diplomat first
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and a military strategist second.
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[Shelley] It's clear now
that diplomacy isn't gonna work.
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Cleopatra doesn't want war.
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She doesn't feel
that Mark Antony is ready for war.
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Kill Antony.
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His life for yours.
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[Thyrsus] And your children's, of course.
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[Sally-Ann] I think Cleopatra would
consider killing Mark Antony.
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He is no longer any use to her.
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And has, quite frankly,
become a liability at this point.
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She might believe
that she still has a chance
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of coming to terms with Octavian.
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Perhaps, even by betraying Mark Antony.
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Because, after all, Mark Antony
was Octavian's primary enemy.
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There's really no reason that Cleopatra
cannot remain queen of Egypt
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if Mark Antony is out of the picture.
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Mark.
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Thyrsus sent a message from Octavian.
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He says he can guarantee safety
for the children and I...
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[sighs deeply]
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...if I kill you.
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[scoffs]
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So that's why you are here.
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No.
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I turned him down.
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- We are in this together.
- [laughs]
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Yeah.
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Like we were together in Actium.
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I sent our children away
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because I choose us.
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I know that together,
no one can defeat us.
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Rome and Egypt.
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Where is he?
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[Shelley] Those of us who are romantics,
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we want this to be
the greatest love story of all time.
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But Cleopatra was not a romantic.
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She was a pragmatist.
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Cleopatra is interested
in self-preservation, um,
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of herself and also her children,
but her country, too.
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[Shelley] And she believes, at this point,
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that Mark Antony
is still the key to that partnership.
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[tense music]
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[grunts]
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Tell Octavian we are done!
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[Mark Antony pants]
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[Sally-Ann] Mark Antony seems to be
a bit of a loose cannon.
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He is now behaving irrationally,
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he's taking it out on the messenger.
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[panting]
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[Shelley] If Cleopatra is going to retain
her place on the throne,
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she has to have Rome as her partner.
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Tell that coward,
if he wants me dead, do it himself.
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[Sally-Ann] Mark Antony isn't going
to enter into any negotiations.
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There's not gonna be
any other ending other than war.
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[Debora] Octavian has declared war
on Cleopatra.
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She understands
that neither she nor Mark Antony
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were going to get away from this.
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[rhythmic thumping]
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[Islam] In the spring of 30 BC,
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Octavian, as he enters Egypt,
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sends a mammoth, uh, army.
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It's, it's the biggest
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army invasion in Roman history
until this point.
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With the defections
from Cleopatra's forces to Octavian
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and Mark Antony's losses
at the Battle of Actium,
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Octavian's legions now heavily outnumber
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those of Cleopatra and Antony.
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Octavian wants to finish this
once and for all.
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[insects chirping]
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[Jacquelyn] Egypt is unusually wealthy
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in terms of their material wealth.
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[Colleen] Octavian needs this
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to pay his troops.
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[Jacquelyn]
Octavian wants to annex Egypt badly.
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Rome will treat them as their breadbasket
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and not care if they impoverish Egypt.
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[tense music]
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[Colleen] Octavian's army marches
towards Pelusium.
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Octavian could have sailed
straight for Alexandria
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but he does not.
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He regroups and moves his forces by land.
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[Colleen] This is important
because, along the way,
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Octavian is securing
alliance after alliance.
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[Islam] He is keen
to get the local population
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against Mark Antony
and in turn, against Cleopatra.
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[Debora] Octavian has released
this vicious propaganda against Cleopatra,
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so even though Mark Antony was the one
who was unfaithful to his sister,
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Cleopatra is framed
as this great seductress.
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As a temptress, as a drunk, as a witch.
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It's misogynistic and it's xenophobic.
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So, she's a threat.
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The Roman senators see this woman
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influence two of its great heroes
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and they've had enough.
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It's about time,
as far as they're concerned,
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for Octavian to put an end
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to Cleopatra's meddling in Roman affairs.
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That's the perfect strategy
to gain the allegiance
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of any of Mark Antony's remaining allies.
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[Colleen] Octavian is ensuring
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that when it comes time
for the final battle
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with Mark Antony and Cleopatra,
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that he will have no enemies to his rear.
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[insects chirping]
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[Colleen] As Octavian's army
marches towards Alexandria,
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Mark Antony is in a serious depression.
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Cleopatra attempts to improve his mood
by throwing a lavish banquet.
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- [indistinct chatter]
- [celebratory music playing]
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[Jacquelyn] The reason that Cleopatra
throws the banquet
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is part of the religious ideology
of this area.
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Mark Antony, as the manifestation
of the god Dionysus,
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is the god of revelry
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and this banquet would have served
to support and reinvigorate
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that religious message of him
as a legitimate eastern monarch.
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[indistinct chatter]
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[indistinct chatter]
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[Islam] It's directly challenging Rome.
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It's saying, "We are in power."
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[Islam] It's a declaration
that she doesn't care what Rome thinks.
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It's a dangerous call for war.
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[whispering]
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[Jacquelyn] As Octavian's army
approaches Alexandria,
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Antony and Cleopatra's forces
at this point,
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are disorganized, they're demoralized.
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[indistinct chatter]
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The Commander of Pelusium has surrendered.
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And defected to Octavian.
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[Shelley] Octavian is receiving defections
from the Egyptian side
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and from other allies
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that used to be with Egypt
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and they're now going over to Rome.
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That two-faced Pelusium commander
will never see his wife or daughter again.
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Not in this lifetime.
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It will take more than that
to stop Octavian now.
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I know.
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It will take the help of the gods.
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Lucky for you, you have one right here.
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[soft music]
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Octavian is no match for us.
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[thrilling music]
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[Cleopatra] Friends.
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Even in the best of times,
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there are traitors amongst us.
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We know that in our own land,
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some have betrayed Egypt,
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opening their gates to Octavian's forces.
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No one betrays Egypt
and gets away with it.
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Your enemies are our enemies.
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To Mark Antony.
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[cheers, applause]
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[Sally-Ann] The Egyptian people
must have been extremely nervous
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about the Roman Army marching upon them.
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Because Rome up until this point,
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they've been seen as a support
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and now they've essentially
become an enemy.
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[indistinct chatter]
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[Islam] It's too late for Cleopatra
to get on Octavian's side.
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She's in quite deep now with Mark Antony.
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Are you asleep?
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No.
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[Sally-Ann] So, she really does have
everything to lose at this point.
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It's not only her own life
and her position,
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but it's her country.
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- [Mark Antony] How long?
- We have time.
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- And eyes?
- Our scouts have eyes on them.
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Tell the cavalry we leave now.
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[Cleopatra] Thank you, Maelius.
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[tense music]
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[inhales]
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[Colleen] The one advantage
that Cleopatra has
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is that she's defending
her home territory.
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And she knows
from prior experience with Julius Caesar,
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that the Egyptians are no lovers of Rome.
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Egypt does not want to be
under Roman control or Roman occupation.
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[Jacquelyn] Mark Antony
is an accomplished military mind.
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That is a very serious
home-field advantage for them.
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He and Octavian's forces
meet right outside of Alexandria.
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- [soldiers yelling]
- Come on!
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[Shelley] Mark Antony is a soldier.
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He knows what goes into winning a battle.
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[Shelley] He enjoys going into battle.
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He enjoys fighting alongside of his men.
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Antony and Cleopatra's forces have had
some time to rest and recuperate.
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[Jacquelyn] Whereas, Octavian's forces
have been on the active march
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and so, uh, Antony's forces
are at least fresh.
256
00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:11,680
[tense music]
257
00:16:11,760 --> 00:16:13,040
[Cleopatra] What's going on?
258
00:16:13,120 --> 00:16:15,160
Is there water and provisions
for the wounded?
259
00:16:15,240 --> 00:16:16,360
Yes, yes, it's done.
260
00:16:16,440 --> 00:16:18,776
- And the armory, has it been checked?
- [Iras] As we speak.
261
00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:20,640
[Colleen] Based on previous experience,
262
00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:23,040
Cleopatra knows the vulnerability
263
00:16:23,120 --> 00:16:25,560
of Alexandria's water sources.
264
00:16:25,640 --> 00:16:27,840
[Colleen] She knows
that they can be poisoned.
265
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:31,040
I want two guards stationed at every well
and every water supply.
266
00:16:31,120 --> 00:16:32,720
[soldiers yelling]
267
00:16:32,800 --> 00:16:36,240
The other disadvantage
that Mark Antony and Cleopatra face
268
00:16:36,320 --> 00:16:39,440
is simply the lack of supplies and force.
269
00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:43,920
They do not have the troops,
and they no longer have the supply lines.
270
00:16:44,920 --> 00:16:48,920
[Shelley] Cleopatra is a lover,
not a fighter.
271
00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:53,440
She understands
that war can go either way,
272
00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:58,840
she feels that Mark Antony
doesn't really understand
273
00:16:58,920 --> 00:17:02,120
the lay of the land in Alexandria.
274
00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:03,640
[grunts]
275
00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:05,440
[Shelley] Maybe he has bit off
276
00:17:05,520 --> 00:17:07,880
- more than he can chew here.
- [Mark Antony] Come on!
277
00:17:08,360 --> 00:17:09,560
She's nervous.
278
00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:11,640
[grunts]
279
00:17:15,160 --> 00:17:17,079
[horse neighs]
280
00:17:17,160 --> 00:17:19,520
[swords clinking]
281
00:17:27,680 --> 00:17:31,079
[somber music]
282
00:17:36,520 --> 00:17:38,160
We have won the battle, but...
283
00:17:39,800 --> 00:17:40,880
[Cleopatra] But what?
284
00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:45,400
They have more troops, Cleopatra.
285
00:17:45,480 --> 00:17:46,560
I know.
286
00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:50,880
We are not done yet.
287
00:17:52,040 --> 00:17:53,320
Are we?
288
00:18:00,920 --> 00:18:02,480
No.
289
00:18:02,560 --> 00:18:04,520
We are not done yet.
290
00:18:05,480 --> 00:18:06,560
Good.
291
00:18:08,160 --> 00:18:09,560
[Shelley] He's really worried.
292
00:18:10,400 --> 00:18:12,800
Which makes Cleopatra worried.
[soft chuckle]
293
00:18:13,880 --> 00:18:17,360
But she sends him off to the next battle.
294
00:18:17,440 --> 00:18:20,280
[somber music]
295
00:18:28,560 --> 00:18:32,840
[soldiers clamoring]
296
00:18:32,920 --> 00:18:34,320
[soldier yells]
297
00:18:34,400 --> 00:18:35,800
There's this huge siege.
298
00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:38,400
[tense music]
299
00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:41,840
- [swords clinking]
- [grunting]
300
00:18:41,920 --> 00:18:44,080
Mark Antony is getting desperate.
301
00:18:44,160 --> 00:18:48,000
[Colleen]
He has his archers fire offers of gold
302
00:18:48,080 --> 00:18:50,760
to any of Octavian's forces who defect.
303
00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:53,120
He's having to break the siege.
304
00:18:53,800 --> 00:18:57,120
[Colleen] Mark Antony makes a bold
and risky move against Octavian.
305
00:18:57,200 --> 00:19:01,480
He launches a land
and naval attack simultaneously.
306
00:19:04,160 --> 00:19:08,120
Their forces do meet
right outside of Alexandria
307
00:19:08,200 --> 00:19:10,920
which is a deciding, significant battle.
308
00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:12,120
[grunts]
309
00:19:12,720 --> 00:19:13,560
[neighs]
310
00:19:13,640 --> 00:19:16,000
[swords clinking]
311
00:19:16,960 --> 00:19:19,920
[soft music]
312
00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:25,520
General, the Egyptian naval fleet
has defected to Octavian.
313
00:19:26,240 --> 00:19:27,400
No, that can't be true.
314
00:19:27,480 --> 00:19:29,280
I'm afraid it is, General.
315
00:19:29,360 --> 00:19:32,160
No. No, no, no, no. No.
316
00:19:34,440 --> 00:19:37,320
At this point,
nothing is stopping Octavian
317
00:19:37,400 --> 00:19:39,200
from landing in Alexandria.
318
00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:42,080
[soldiers clamoring]
319
00:19:42,720 --> 00:19:45,640
[loud banging]
320
00:19:47,600 --> 00:19:48,680
What was that?
321
00:19:49,480 --> 00:19:50,896
Go and check what is happening, please.
322
00:19:50,920 --> 00:19:51,760
- Okay.
- Quickly.
323
00:19:51,840 --> 00:19:54,000
[soldiers yelling]
324
00:19:55,760 --> 00:20:00,960
[Shelley] Cleopatra was convinced
the gates around Alexandria
325
00:20:01,040 --> 00:20:02,680
could not be breached.
326
00:20:02,760 --> 00:20:04,320
They were well protected.
327
00:20:04,400 --> 00:20:06,400
[all clamoring]
328
00:20:06,480 --> 00:20:10,440
When Octavian and his troops
make that breach,
329
00:20:11,040 --> 00:20:14,280
it is clear to Cleopatra,
330
00:20:14,360 --> 00:20:16,640
the Egyptian troops have defected.
331
00:20:16,720 --> 00:20:21,440
Which means the country
is in the hands of Octavian.
332
00:20:22,880 --> 00:20:25,400
[melancholy music]
333
00:20:32,080 --> 00:20:37,920
[Shelley] For most of us,
if we were in Cleopatra's situation,
334
00:20:38,440 --> 00:20:40,680
um, the end is nigh.
335
00:20:42,320 --> 00:20:46,600
I think we would have
a nervous breakdown, panic attack.
336
00:20:46,680 --> 00:20:47,840
[yelps, chuckles]
337
00:20:50,640 --> 00:20:53,480
[Charmion] Our defenses are down,
we have to go.
338
00:20:53,560 --> 00:20:56,960
[Shelley] Cleopatra is probably feeling
339
00:20:57,840 --> 00:21:00,560
defiant at this point.
340
00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:05,480
If they are here, it means the general...
341
00:21:05,560 --> 00:21:07,360
Quiet, Iras.
342
00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:11,240
[Charmion] Pharaoh, we have to go now.
343
00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:17,720
[Colleen] Now even if Cleopatra manages
to hold on to her throne
344
00:21:17,800 --> 00:21:22,000
or successfully passes it on
to one of her children,
345
00:21:22,080 --> 00:21:26,400
Egypt is going to be a province
of the Roman Empire.
346
00:21:26,960 --> 00:21:28,640
- Pharaoh, we need to...
- I said be quiet!
347
00:21:30,360 --> 00:21:32,800
[melancholy music]
348
00:21:36,280 --> 00:21:37,840
This needs to get to Antony.
349
00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:42,600
[Charmion] Pharaoh, we have to go now.
350
00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:46,240
Her life's work, her legacy,
351
00:21:46,840 --> 00:21:50,160
it's in danger, if not gone.
352
00:21:50,240 --> 00:21:53,920
[insects chirping]
353
00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:58,000
[tense music]
354
00:22:02,680 --> 00:22:03,680
[Cleopatra] Hurry.
355
00:22:05,120 --> 00:22:06,120
Hurry!
356
00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:08,040
[Sally-Ann]
Cleopatra gathers all her wealth
357
00:22:08,120 --> 00:22:09,680
in her mausoleum in her tomb.
358
00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:12,080
This is one of her last bargaining chips.
359
00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:17,240
Octavian needs this treasure
to pay his troops.
360
00:22:18,400 --> 00:22:21,760
[Colleen] Cleopatra's tomb
is only partially finished.
361
00:22:21,840 --> 00:22:23,360
She's barricaded inside.
362
00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:25,320
I won't let Octavian capture me.
363
00:22:25,880 --> 00:22:27,360
We're going to burn it all down.
364
00:22:28,200 --> 00:22:30,320
That bastard touches nothing.
365
00:22:33,360 --> 00:22:38,000
[Colleen] Cleopatra is threatening
to set her tomb on fire
366
00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:39,920
and to go up in flames
367
00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:42,200
with her entire treasure.
368
00:22:42,280 --> 00:22:43,680
[Mark Antony] Cleopatra!
369
00:22:44,960 --> 00:22:46,120
Did you hear that?
370
00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:55,040
- [Cleopatra] Mark?
- They're coming. They're coming for us.
371
00:22:55,120 --> 00:22:56,936
- [Mark Antony] Drop something now.
- [panting]
372
00:22:56,960 --> 00:22:58,280
Get a rope, quick!
373
00:23:00,240 --> 00:23:01,880
Hold on, my love!
[grunts]
374
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:09,160
[panting]
375
00:23:09,240 --> 00:23:10,240
Pull!
376
00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:11,680
[strained grunt]
377
00:23:11,760 --> 00:23:14,640
[effort grunting]
378
00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:16,880
[Cleopatra screams]
379
00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:20,640
Mark Antony has to actually
be hauled up through a window.
380
00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:30,640
Mark Antony has attempted
to commit suicide
381
00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:34,120
after receiving a note from Cleopatra.
382
00:23:34,200 --> 00:23:36,880
[Shelley] We don't know
what was in that note.
383
00:23:36,960 --> 00:23:39,360
Shakespeare would have us believe
384
00:23:39,440 --> 00:23:43,040
Cleopatra fabricated her own suicide
385
00:23:43,120 --> 00:23:46,160
in the hopes that that would prompt
386
00:23:46,240 --> 00:23:48,680
Mark Antony to commit suicide.
387
00:23:49,600 --> 00:23:52,320
The bravest thing to do,
388
00:23:52,400 --> 00:23:54,560
according to a Roman person,
389
00:23:54,640 --> 00:23:56,600
is to commit suicide.
390
00:23:57,160 --> 00:24:01,840
[Jacquelyn] And this is a way to maintain
your valor and your dignity
391
00:24:01,920 --> 00:24:04,360
- even in the face of death.
- [crying]
392
00:24:04,440 --> 00:24:06,000
Just stay.
[sniffles]
393
00:24:06,080 --> 00:24:07,280
Just stay.
394
00:24:07,920 --> 00:24:10,840
[crying]
395
00:24:13,600 --> 00:24:14,920
Cleopatra...
396
00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:16,440
Shh, shh...
397
00:24:16,520 --> 00:24:17,760
[sniffles]
398
00:24:18,800 --> 00:24:20,520
[whimpers]
399
00:24:21,120 --> 00:24:26,120
[Shelley] He wants to die with Cleopatra.
400
00:24:26,200 --> 00:24:28,320
[wailing]
401
00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:31,960
And he dies in Cleopatra's arms.
402
00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:37,720
[somber music]
403
00:24:42,360 --> 00:24:49,160
Octavian, our astute politician,
who is also ruthless...
404
00:24:51,040 --> 00:24:54,680
does not want Cleopatra dead
405
00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:56,920
at the hands of the Romans
406
00:24:57,000 --> 00:24:59,880
because she becomes a martyr.
407
00:25:01,080 --> 00:25:05,640
And all those Egyptians
who have defected to Octavian
408
00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:08,960
are gonna rise up in rebellion.
409
00:25:10,240 --> 00:25:11,560
This is a Pharoah.
410
00:25:11,640 --> 00:25:13,520
You do not kill...
411
00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:16,560
a Pharaoh.
412
00:25:17,240 --> 00:25:18,920
To get into her barricaded tomb,
413
00:25:19,000 --> 00:25:21,680
Octavian's men break through the roof.
414
00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:24,280
[distant clattering]
415
00:25:27,600 --> 00:25:28,720
[Cleopatra] Light the torch.
416
00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:36,800
[Roman commander]
You, put that fire out, come on!
417
00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:38,040
Seize her!
418
00:25:38,120 --> 00:25:39,280
Seize her!
419
00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:46,520
[screaming]
420
00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:50,320
I am mistress of the two lands.
421
00:25:50,400 --> 00:25:52,280
Thea Neotera.
422
00:25:53,720 --> 00:25:54,960
I'm a god.
423
00:25:55,600 --> 00:25:57,840
Do not disrespect me.
424
00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:01,720
I would die for Egypt.
425
00:26:04,560 --> 00:26:06,040
What would you die for?
426
00:26:09,640 --> 00:26:10,560
[Cleopatra] No.
427
00:26:10,640 --> 00:26:12,320
[all whimpering]
428
00:26:13,520 --> 00:26:15,280
No. No!
429
00:26:15,360 --> 00:26:16,920
[attendants whimpering]
430
00:26:17,000 --> 00:26:18,120
Stop!
431
00:26:19,840 --> 00:26:21,040
No!
432
00:26:31,240 --> 00:26:33,680
[Shelley]
The soldiers take her to the palace
433
00:26:33,760 --> 00:26:36,640
where she used to receive ambassadors.
434
00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:41,560
Octavian comes in.
435
00:26:43,840 --> 00:26:45,720
They've never met before.
436
00:26:47,120 --> 00:26:50,840
Looks like your African sorcery
failed you this time.
437
00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:53,600
Pharaoh?
438
00:26:54,920 --> 00:27:00,800
You know, your witchcraft
must be very strong
439
00:27:01,960 --> 00:27:05,080
to turn two great sons of Rome
against their own
440
00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:08,320
because the talk
of your beauty flatters you...
441
00:27:09,920 --> 00:27:11,160
immensely.
442
00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:20,320
What are you smiling about?
443
00:27:21,640 --> 00:27:22,680
Witch!
444
00:27:26,400 --> 00:27:29,120
You're a lot shorter
than I thought you'd be.
445
00:27:37,760 --> 00:27:38,760
You know...
446
00:27:40,040 --> 00:27:43,760
your children look just like you.
447
00:27:46,960 --> 00:27:48,680
Especially your eldest.
448
00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:52,400
They'll be a great comfort to you in Rome.
449
00:27:56,960 --> 00:27:58,600
[Shelley] At this point,
450
00:27:58,680 --> 00:28:02,640
Cleopatra believes
that her children are safe.
451
00:28:02,720 --> 00:28:07,920
She has sent them away
with trusted members of her household.
452
00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:13,400
And so, she believes
she has nothing to fear.
453
00:28:15,080 --> 00:28:17,680
You should have just taken my offer
when you had the chance.
454
00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:22,920
I'm going to enjoy
dragging you through the streets.
455
00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:24,920
And those...
456
00:28:26,160 --> 00:28:28,200
bastard half-breeds of yours.
457
00:28:30,520 --> 00:28:31,840
They're gonna watch.
458
00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:40,080
[Shelley] She realizes that Octavian
has captured her children.
459
00:28:40,160 --> 00:28:46,640
And it always amazes me
that she doesn't crumple at that point.
460
00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:51,480
Get her out of here now!
461
00:28:56,840 --> 00:29:02,840
One of the most important things
that any, uh, Roman military leader can do
462
00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:05,720
to gain the support and love
of the Roman people
463
00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:11,240
is to have a remarkable celebration
of his military victory called a triumph.
464
00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:13,160
[Colleen] To complete his victory,
465
00:29:13,240 --> 00:29:16,360
Octavian needs
to bring Cleopatra back to Rome
466
00:29:16,440 --> 00:29:19,160
to parade her in his triumph.
467
00:29:23,800 --> 00:29:27,080
[melancholy music]
468
00:29:42,040 --> 00:29:45,920
[melancholy music continues]
469
00:30:07,440 --> 00:30:09,320
See that this gets to Octavian.
470
00:30:10,440 --> 00:30:12,800
[Cleopatra] Trust me,
he's gonna want to read it.
471
00:30:14,520 --> 00:30:17,480
Don't worry,
we'll all be here when you get back.
472
00:30:19,760 --> 00:30:21,680
[Jacquelyn]
Cleopatra writes a letter to Octavian
473
00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:26,520
requesting that she and Antony
be permitted to be buried together
474
00:30:26,600 --> 00:30:30,520
and to allow her son to inherit Egypt.
475
00:30:30,600 --> 00:30:34,080
[Jacquelyn] What we're seeing
is this last moment of Cleopatra
476
00:30:34,160 --> 00:30:38,120
clinging to this overarching goal
throughout her entire life
477
00:30:38,200 --> 00:30:39,720
of trying to make sure
478
00:30:39,800 --> 00:30:42,280
that the Ptolemaic Dynasty
will not die out.
479
00:30:42,360 --> 00:30:45,920
That Egypt does not become
a province of the Roman Empire.
480
00:30:49,960 --> 00:30:51,400
[Cleopatra] We'll do it together.
481
00:30:51,480 --> 00:30:53,080
It's the right thing to do.
482
00:30:53,160 --> 00:30:54,560
Worthy of a God.
483
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:01,800
[Shelley] She has a plan.
484
00:31:01,880 --> 00:31:05,120
Cleopatra always has a plan.
485
00:31:05,800 --> 00:31:11,920
She's researched poisons
that won't be painful,
486
00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:15,480
that won't distort her body.
487
00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:20,120
She decides how she's going to die.
488
00:31:20,200 --> 00:31:22,600
[somber music]
489
00:31:22,680 --> 00:31:27,080
[Shelley] And she decides
with whom she is going to die.
490
00:31:27,160 --> 00:31:28,640
It's not Octavian,
491
00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:31,200
it's not the Roman Senate,
492
00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:33,320
it's Cleopatra.
493
00:31:33,400 --> 00:31:35,560
She is in control.
494
00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:42,760
[somber music]
495
00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:02,120
[somber music continues]
496
00:32:11,960 --> 00:32:14,000
[birds squawking]
497
00:32:15,560 --> 00:32:17,960
[light music]
498
00:32:31,840 --> 00:32:34,640
[approaching footsteps]
499
00:32:39,240 --> 00:32:41,160
[Colleen]
When Octavian receives that letter,
500
00:32:41,240 --> 00:32:44,520
he knows Cleopatra
is not going to come back to Rome
501
00:32:44,600 --> 00:32:46,680
and she has committed suicide.
502
00:32:46,760 --> 00:32:50,400
[somber music]
503
00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:55,600
[Jacquelyn] Being taken in a Roman triumph
would have been tremendously humiliating.
504
00:32:55,680 --> 00:32:59,480
It's very unlikely that Cleopatra
would've been treated with velvet gloves.
505
00:33:03,320 --> 00:33:06,560
Defeated enemies
are usually killed right afterwards.
506
00:33:06,640 --> 00:33:09,280
So she knew that her death
was on the horizon anyway.
507
00:33:09,360 --> 00:33:12,040
There was no way
Octavian could have allowed her to live.
508
00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:18,120
[Colleen] Octavian knows it's over.
509
00:33:20,840 --> 00:33:26,720
[Shelley] We do not know the method
with which Cleopatra committed suicide.
510
00:33:26,800 --> 00:33:30,080
The one that every film producer loves
511
00:33:30,160 --> 00:33:37,160
is that she died as the result
of the bite of the Egyptian cobra or asp.
512
00:33:37,240 --> 00:33:40,000
[Colleen]
The cobra is a symbol of royalty.
513
00:33:40,080 --> 00:33:44,720
So even if the asp
was not a part of her suicide,
514
00:33:44,800 --> 00:33:48,000
it was a perfect symbol to represent
515
00:33:48,080 --> 00:33:51,400
that she was leaving this world
as queen of Egypt.
516
00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:01,000
[Jacquelyn] Cleopatra and Mark Antony,
517
00:34:01,040 --> 00:34:03,840
their burials have never been found.
518
00:34:06,960 --> 00:34:10,640
We don't know whether or not
she got her last request,
519
00:34:10,720 --> 00:34:12,000
that they get buried together.
520
00:34:14,120 --> 00:34:19,040
[Shelley] The quest of archaeologists
looking for Cleopatra's tomb...
521
00:34:19,679 --> 00:34:20,600
futile.
522
00:34:20,679 --> 00:34:23,880
[fire crackling]
523
00:34:25,800 --> 00:34:30,199
[Shelley] Octavian is not going
to allow a tomb
524
00:34:30,280 --> 00:34:34,280
with the remains
of Cleopatra and Mark Antony.
525
00:34:34,840 --> 00:34:38,639
That would have become
a center point for rebellion.
526
00:34:38,719 --> 00:34:41,560
[fire crackling]
527
00:34:42,800 --> 00:34:48,679
It was not the Roman tradition
to entomb bodies.
528
00:34:48,760 --> 00:34:53,239
They didn't mummify bodies, they cremated.
529
00:34:54,440 --> 00:34:58,520
I think Cleopatra and Mark Antony
were cremated.
530
00:35:01,520 --> 00:35:03,920
[somber music]
531
00:35:09,840 --> 00:35:12,840
This is the true turning point in history.
532
00:35:12,920 --> 00:35:16,480
[tense music]
533
00:35:16,560 --> 00:35:18,840
Egypt totally loses its independence.
534
00:35:18,920 --> 00:35:20,040
[indistinct chatter]
535
00:35:20,120 --> 00:35:23,200
[Shelley] It's over.
It becomes a province of Rome.
536
00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:28,800
Egypt's long history
as a great civilization ends.
537
00:35:30,160 --> 00:35:33,720
[Jacquelyn] Egypt now becomes
the grain basket of Rome.
538
00:35:34,560 --> 00:35:37,320
Rome would not have been able
to go on militarily
539
00:35:37,400 --> 00:35:40,960
without being able to spend
vast amounts of Egyptian wealth.
540
00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:45,600
[Jacquelyn] Rome tapped the bank of Egypt
and impoverished it.
541
00:35:45,680 --> 00:35:50,360
It really ends Egypt as the dynastic land
that we think of today.
542
00:35:50,440 --> 00:35:54,840
Cleopatra is the last pharaoh of Egypt.
543
00:35:54,920 --> 00:35:57,680
[epic music]
544
00:35:57,760 --> 00:35:59,680
[Debora] Shortly thereafter,
545
00:35:59,760 --> 00:36:04,280
Octavian has the Senate
declare him Emperor.
546
00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:06,080
The Emperor Augustus.
547
00:36:06,160 --> 00:36:08,920
[Islam] He wanted to be ruler forever.
548
00:36:09,000 --> 00:36:12,720
That was his idea
of what a dictator should be.
549
00:36:14,280 --> 00:36:16,520
[Sally-Ann]
Ironically, like Cleopatra before,
550
00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:19,280
Octavian is elevated as a living god.
551
00:36:22,200 --> 00:36:24,000
[Debora] Cleopatra's death
552
00:36:24,680 --> 00:36:29,520
was one of the... final phases
553
00:36:29,600 --> 00:36:32,520
of what we consider to be ancient Egypt.
554
00:36:36,920 --> 00:36:41,240
[Debora] We still have
Cleopatra's other three children.
555
00:36:42,200 --> 00:36:45,520
[Shelley] The children
of Mark Antony and Cleopatra,
556
00:36:45,600 --> 00:36:49,520
they'll represent a threat to Octavian.
557
00:36:49,600 --> 00:36:53,680
♪ They will come for you and me... ♪
558
00:36:53,760 --> 00:36:57,760
Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene
559
00:36:57,840 --> 00:37:00,200
and little Ptolemy Philadelphus
560
00:37:00,280 --> 00:37:02,240
are taken back to Rome.
561
00:37:02,320 --> 00:37:07,360
♪ From my deepest scar ♪
562
00:37:07,440 --> 00:37:10,760
♪ Oh-oh-oh ♪
563
00:37:10,840 --> 00:37:15,560
However, there is no way
that he could permit Caesarion to live.
564
00:37:15,640 --> 00:37:18,680
[Shelley] Caesarion was raised
to be a Pharoah.
565
00:37:18,760 --> 00:37:20,160
He could rise up,
566
00:37:20,240 --> 00:37:23,800
he could say, "I am Caesar's son.
567
00:37:23,880 --> 00:37:26,040
I should be ruling Rome."
568
00:37:26,920 --> 00:37:30,240
He's just too big a threat to Octavian.
569
00:37:30,320 --> 00:37:31,760
So he is executed.
570
00:37:31,840 --> 00:37:33,320
He, he is killed.
571
00:37:34,960 --> 00:37:38,200
[Debora] When Octavian takes
the children back to Rome,
572
00:37:38,280 --> 00:37:42,200
he parades them
behind an effigy of Cleopatra
573
00:37:42,280 --> 00:37:46,080
with a snake or an asp clasped to her arm.
574
00:37:47,320 --> 00:37:49,040
He humiliates them publicly
575
00:37:49,120 --> 00:37:52,360
by having them walk behind
this effigy of their mother
576
00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:54,880
and weighing them down with gold chains.
577
00:37:54,960 --> 00:37:57,120
The chains were supposedly so heavy
578
00:37:57,200 --> 00:37:59,240
that they were stumbling
and they could barely walk.
579
00:37:59,840 --> 00:38:02,800
[Debora] People actually felt sympathy
for the children,
580
00:38:02,880 --> 00:38:04,040
but after that,
581
00:38:04,120 --> 00:38:06,720
he sent them, surprisingly,
582
00:38:06,800 --> 00:38:10,360
to live with his sister, Octavia,
583
00:38:10,440 --> 00:38:12,720
who was Mark Antony's wife
584
00:38:12,800 --> 00:38:15,760
when these children were conceived.
585
00:38:17,240 --> 00:38:21,320
[Sally-Ann] So the long-suffering Octavia
brings up Mark Antony's children.
586
00:38:21,400 --> 00:38:24,320
The two boys fall off
the historical radar,
587
00:38:24,400 --> 00:38:28,040
but Cleopatra Selene
marries Juba of Mauretania.
588
00:38:28,120 --> 00:38:30,440
So, Cleopatra Selene, ironically,
589
00:38:30,520 --> 00:38:32,400
becomes another African queen.
590
00:38:32,480 --> 00:38:37,040
Cleopatra Selene rules over
a sumptuous court
591
00:38:37,120 --> 00:38:39,080
at the capital of Mauretania,
592
00:38:39,160 --> 00:38:41,280
much like Alexandria.
593
00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:47,160
[Colleen] Cleopatra Selene's court
is also filled
594
00:38:47,240 --> 00:38:50,680
with literature and philosophy and art.
595
00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:57,960
Selene, like her mother before her,
has constructed a tomb.
596
00:38:58,040 --> 00:39:02,200
It's one of the most impressive
of the ancient world.
597
00:39:02,280 --> 00:39:05,200
[Sally-Ann] We know from some
of the remains in her tomb
598
00:39:05,280 --> 00:39:07,200
and from the sides of their palaces,
599
00:39:07,280 --> 00:39:10,800
that she actually took Egyptian statues
to her palaces
600
00:39:10,880 --> 00:39:14,120
to continue that connection
to her mother and her homeland.
601
00:39:14,200 --> 00:39:18,360
[Debora] She has a son
who becomes her and her husband's heir.
602
00:39:18,440 --> 00:39:23,600
[Shelley] She named that son, Ptolemy,
after Cleopatra's father.
603
00:39:23,680 --> 00:39:25,720
That dynasty continues, though,
604
00:39:25,800 --> 00:39:27,880
because her granddaughter
605
00:39:27,960 --> 00:39:31,240
marries into the Roman Imperial family.
606
00:39:31,320 --> 00:39:33,280
And so Cleopatra lives on.
607
00:39:33,360 --> 00:39:36,800
[Shelley] Even in antiquity,
she lived on through her daughter
608
00:39:36,880 --> 00:39:39,600
and she lived on through her grandson.
609
00:39:41,400 --> 00:39:43,680
[epic music]
610
00:39:45,760 --> 00:39:49,400
Cleopatra is significant
in that she is the last ruler
611
00:39:49,480 --> 00:39:52,960
of an independent, powerful Egypt.
612
00:39:55,320 --> 00:39:58,320
[Debora] We think about
female empowerment.
613
00:39:58,400 --> 00:40:01,320
There is no Rome without Egypt.
614
00:40:02,440 --> 00:40:04,960
This is a woman exercising power.
615
00:40:05,600 --> 00:40:08,480
[Colleen] Cleopatra was trying
to save the country
616
00:40:08,560 --> 00:40:11,760
that she loved from destruction.
617
00:40:12,760 --> 00:40:14,440
[Cleopatra] I am Isis.
618
00:40:16,080 --> 00:40:18,120
Queen of Kings!
619
00:40:18,200 --> 00:40:19,840
I would die for Egypt.
620
00:40:20,400 --> 00:40:21,800
[Cleopatra] What would you die for?
621
00:40:23,040 --> 00:40:25,120
[Colleen] She has become an icon.
622
00:40:28,760 --> 00:40:32,240
I resisted Cleopatra
for a really long time.
623
00:40:32,320 --> 00:40:34,520
Uh, in my scholarly life.
624
00:40:34,600 --> 00:40:37,680
I said, "I am not gonna study you.
I'm not gonna study you."
625
00:40:38,840 --> 00:40:44,480
I would have this recurring dream
where there was this shadowy figure,
626
00:40:44,560 --> 00:40:49,280
certainly an ancient person,
clearly a woman,
627
00:40:49,360 --> 00:40:51,240
who would say to me,
628
00:40:52,360 --> 00:40:54,720
"You have to tell my story."
629
00:40:55,840 --> 00:40:57,680
"You have to do it."
630
00:40:59,160 --> 00:41:02,880
I want people to know
the story of Cleopatra
631
00:41:02,960 --> 00:41:05,640
because she was an African queen.
632
00:41:07,400 --> 00:41:09,600
And that's a fact that's been buried,
633
00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:13,760
it's been erased, it's been white-washed.
634
00:41:15,720 --> 00:41:22,720
Generation after generation
are absolutely mesmerized by Cleopatra.
635
00:41:23,600 --> 00:41:25,800
Her story resonates,
636
00:41:25,880 --> 00:41:28,440
I think, with every woman.
637
00:41:32,160 --> 00:41:34,960
[narrator] Cleopatra was one
of the most influential rulers
638
00:41:35,040 --> 00:41:36,360
the world has ever known.
639
00:41:39,240 --> 00:41:45,680
Her legacy as the most famous
of all African Queens is assured.
640
00:41:47,520 --> 00:41:51,920
[Shelley] She will live on until...
641
00:41:52,880 --> 00:41:55,080
there's no one else to tell her story.
642
00:41:57,480 --> 00:41:59,880
[closing theme music]