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Downloaded from
YTS.MX
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[drumming]
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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[native chanting]
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FEMALE NARRATOR: This is a
story of the Bad River people.
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One that starts,
and inevitably ends,
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with Mashkiiziibiing,
the Bad River Reservation.
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And Lake Superior herself.
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This place in
Northern Wisconsin
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has been their home
for thousands of years.
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And they are still here,
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fueled by the strength
and resilience
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of their Ojibwe ancestors,
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which course
through their veins.
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A people who've had to fight
for and defend their land.
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and their water,
for generations.
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These battles have
many chapters.
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MALE NARRATOR: The newest one
is over an aging pipeline
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that runs through
the Reservation.
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A pipeline that is now
at risk of rupture.
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where a river, the Bad River,
is changing her course.
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FEMALE NARRATOR: But this
is not just a story
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about that pipeline.
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It's a story about resistance,
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and the relentless
cycle of standing up
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in the face of adversity.
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It's also about
the scars that they bear.
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MALE NARRATOR:
The latest revealing itself
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one fateful day,
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when a helicopter
inspecting that pipeline,
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fell out of the sky.
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This crash, which occurred in a
remote part of the Reservation,
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would reveal an
inconceivable discovery:
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an exposed pipeline.
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It seems improbable that
a pipe from a pipeline company
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would be hanging in mid-air.
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MALE NARRATOR: This pipeline
is owned by Enbridge,
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a Canadian-based energy giant.
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And I was like, "What the hell?"
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We discovered it by chance,
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and it just blew our
mind when we seen it.
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When it's exposed
then it actually
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increases the risk of
a oil spill occurring.
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That's a ticking time bomb.
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It's not if,
it's when a spill happens.
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If it gets in the Bad River,
you know,
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then it's gonna be taken right
out into Lake Superior too.
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FEMALE NARRATOR: Lake Superior,
which is downstream
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of the Bad River,
is the largest
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freshwater system by area
in the world.
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MIKE WIGGINS: It is the
grandmother of the Great Lakes.
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It is the freshwater
stronghold of America.
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It's, I would say, a freshwater
stronghold of Planet Earth.
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ELDRED CORBIE: And what we have,
with our water being so pure,
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we gotta protect,
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to die for it if we have to.
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* Live from the shell
of a turtle about to snap *
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* Quail tails, broke spells,
jump hurdles *
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* Where we at *
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* Wish me well, on the journey
I might burn, I might splat *
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* Pop said you're gonna
learn how to earn a stripes *
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* Sticking to your pathways
Pitter-patter with the wind *
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* As across the grass strains *
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* Revel in the river
for a minute *
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* Downstream with the fence
No means to an end *
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* Brown green colors
got it at the mother flooded *
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* In front line
give a whoop! *
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* That's the sound
of the cavalry *
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* I don't keep it sweet foul
mouth no ounce of a cavity *
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* Just 'cause you're mad with
yourself, don't get mad at me *
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JOE ROSE:
We are Lake Superior Ojibwe,
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that's, uh,
Monadu Ojibwe Gichigame...
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the spirit of the
Big Lake out there.
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And that gives us our identity.
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And that tells us who we are.
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This land was prophesized
to our people
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that we would come to a place
where food grows on water.
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WIGGINS: Our people have
been here for millennia.
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The land and water
essentially carry the stories
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of how our people
interacted with this place.
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And it's
unbelievably beautiful.
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I live in paradise,
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When I tell people and I go,
"I got 12 miles of lake shore."
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And they're like,
"Wow, you must be rich".
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And it's like,
absolutely I'm rich.
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We are a rich people,
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not in a monetary sense.
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Our knowledge is rich.
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Our culture is rich.
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Our strength.
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Our resilience.
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I was always taught
to be proud of that.
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FEMALE NARRATOR:
This resilience,
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forged over generations,
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will be tested by this
pipeline and its owner.
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But to fully understand
what's at stake
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for the Bad River
people of today
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is to understand the
Bad River people of yesterday,
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the Lake Superior Chippewa
or Ojibwe
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who fought back,
time and time again,
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against the wholesale taking
of their land and way of life.
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This is a story of defiance.
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MALE NARRATOR: And it begins
with early pioneers
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and a reality that
is far different
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than Hollywood's version
of how America was won.
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MARTIN SENECA: There was a
constant stream of immigrants
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that were coming
into this country,
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trying to get hold of land.
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Go west, young man,
and get yourself some land.
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Well, where are we
gonna get the land?
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And as they moved westward,
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they ran into problems
with the Indians.
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You have violence,
conflict, genocide.
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And we're just in the way.
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MALE NARRATOR: John Wayne
movies and American westerns
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served up a different
narrative,
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with heroic cowboys and
settlers
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defending little houses
on the prairie
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from marauding and
quote-unquote "savage Indians."
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Nazgo, nazgo!
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[screams]
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MALE NARRATOR: And of course,
the cavalry
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always came to the rescue,
bugles blaring,
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when in fact, they were
invading Indian Country
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and taking their land.
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One little, two little,
three little Indians...
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We didn't silently disappear.
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You can't blame it
all on smallpox.
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Four little, five little,
six little Indians.
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You can't blame it
on anything
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other than the intent
to take over,
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dispossess, eradicate and
replace an entire population.
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Why don't you finish the job?
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The disappearing of indigenous
people is fundamental
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because if you're gonna
claim the land as your own
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you've gotta get rid
of the other group of people
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who claim it's their land.
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That's what
settler colonialism is.
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We had had a
removal order
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signed against us
by Zachary Taylor.
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MALE NARRATOR:
This removal order was part of
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a federal policy in the 1800s
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to force Native Americans
off their land, westward,
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but the order violated
existing treaties
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with the Lake Superior Ojibwe,
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who had already granted
the use of 32.5 million acres
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to the federal government.
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FEMALE NARRATOR: Pushing back
against this land-ho
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policy of dispossession,
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legendary Lake Superior
Ojibwe leader, Chief Buffalo,
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and other tribal chiefs,
head to Washington D.C.,
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to negotiate with the
newly elected president,
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Millard Fillmore,
for the cancellation
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of this removal order.
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Fillmore agrees
that for another
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13 million acres of land,
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the Lake Superior Ojibwe
can retain their homeland
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with extended hunting
and fishing rights,
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and they sign
the Treaty of 1854.
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Chief Buffalo's trip was
one of the most important
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acts of resistance
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and the Ojibwe have
been resisting ever since.
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There is this deep,
deep sense
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of protecting this land.
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No matter what laws were passed,
that part stayed with us.
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There's always a threat.
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There's always
some kind of threat.
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FEMALE NARRATOR: Threats to
Bad River land and people,
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would only get worse
after the Treaty of 1854.
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MALE NARRATOR:
The federal government's
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Bureau of Indian Affairs,
otherwise known as the BIA,
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would soon break up Bad River
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and other Native lands
into small private lots,
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called allotments, a policy
reaffirmed by the Dawes Act.
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KEVIN BRUYNEEL: The idea was
to allot a certain portion
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of the land to Indian heads of
households in tribal nations.
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They had been
"allotting" reservations,
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chopping them up into pieces.
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KEVIN BRUYNEEL: The rest of the
land that is not distributed
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is now up for sale.
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Those parcels were bought
by lumber companies.
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They should have
never been sold.
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They should have
stayed in our hands.
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All of the extra land
that is not allotted out
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would now be free
for white settlement.
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We have the dominant
society that,
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when they were unable
to exterminate us,
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then they thought the next
thing they wanna do
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is to assimilate us.
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MALE NARRATOR: Assimilation,
a policy overseen by the BIA,
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was an effort to forcibly
integrate native peoples
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into American culture,
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leading to
unthinkable atrocities.
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When we were growing up as kids,
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there was a black car
that used to ride around,
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a big black car.
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And they were all shiny
and they'd drive
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real slow down the road.
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We know they're coming
for somebody, kids.
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For, uh...
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Well, take 'em away.
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We see that coming, we'd run.
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We scattered but we knew,
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the kids knew
who was being targeted.
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They'd basically just
grab kids and take 'em
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and take 'em off to
these boarding schools.
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FEMALE NARRATOR: Government
run boarding schools,
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conceived to quote-unquote
"civilize" indigenous children,
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began operating in the 1860s.
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Several Bad River children
were rounded up
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00:12:03,089 --> 00:12:05,158
and sent hundreds
of miles away,
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00:12:05,191 --> 00:12:09,162
to institutions like
the Carlisle School.
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00:12:09,195 --> 00:12:12,532
This was a school that was
modeled after prison systems.
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00:12:12,565 --> 00:12:16,970
So, children as young as four
were stolen from their families.
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00:12:17,003 --> 00:12:18,972
They were taken far away,
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00:12:19,005 --> 00:12:22,876
um, to the east coast to
go to boarding school.
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00:12:22,909 --> 00:12:28,181
"Kill the Indian, save the man",
was the motto.
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00:12:28,214 --> 00:12:32,552
My grandfather went to Carlisle
and endured a lot of abuse,
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00:12:32,585 --> 00:12:37,957
physical abuse,
um, mental abuse.
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00:12:37,991 --> 00:12:39,859
My father went
to the boarding school.
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00:12:39,893 --> 00:12:42,162
I remember, um...
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00:12:44,097 --> 00:12:45,398
But he didn't talk
too much about it.
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It was all of a sudden,
"you're an Indian,"
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00:12:47,300 --> 00:12:49,102
"you're an Indian,"
"you're an Indian,"
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00:12:49,135 --> 00:12:51,104
"you're not an Indian."
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00:12:51,137 --> 00:12:53,340
We're gonna cut your hair.
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00:12:53,373 --> 00:12:56,009
We can't let you
speak your language.
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00:12:56,042 --> 00:12:58,411
Your cultural elements are
gonna be disbanded,
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00:12:58,445 --> 00:13:01,014
and we're-- then you
become a shell.
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00:13:02,449 --> 00:13:04,951
That piece of,
pulling our children
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00:13:04,984 --> 00:13:06,586
and separating them from
their parents
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00:13:06,619 --> 00:13:09,189
has traumatic repercussions
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00:13:09,222 --> 00:13:11,891
several generations
into the future.
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00:13:11,925 --> 00:13:14,060
The conditions of the
boarding schools,
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00:13:14,094 --> 00:13:18,998
according to these formal
reports, was just atrocious.
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00:13:22,002 --> 00:13:25,372
And testament to that
are these graveyards.
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00:13:25,405 --> 00:13:27,073
SCOTT MANNING STEVENS: There's
been all this handwringing
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00:13:27,107 --> 00:13:30,076
and surprise about the
discovery of cemeteries
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00:13:30,110 --> 00:13:32,212
at these boarding schools.
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00:13:32,245 --> 00:13:35,181
No native person is
surprised by any of this news.
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00:13:35,215 --> 00:13:37,217
You take your kid to
a prep school, you don't say,
242
00:13:37,250 --> 00:13:40,286
"Could I see the cemetery
while we're here?"
243
00:13:40,320 --> 00:13:41,254
You know?
244
00:13:41,287 --> 00:13:43,056
It's just not part of the tour.
245
00:13:43,089 --> 00:13:45,959
But for Native American
boarding schools,
246
00:13:45,992 --> 00:13:48,962
it was a genocidal project.
247
00:13:48,995 --> 00:13:51,231
If it didn't mean to
kill them physically
248
00:13:51,264 --> 00:13:57,203
it meant to kill them
spiritually, psychologically,
249
00:13:57,237 --> 00:14:00,407
and in any other way.
250
00:14:02,275 --> 00:14:03,677
ANTON TREUER: Pretty soon they
were enrolling
251
00:14:03,710 --> 00:14:05,512
20,000 Native kids a year
252
00:14:05,545 --> 00:14:07,447
and they could not keep up.
253
00:14:07,480 --> 00:14:11,618
So, they subcontracted
the work to churches.
254
00:14:11,651 --> 00:14:14,587
FEMALE NARRATOR: Although many
Bad River children
255
00:14:14,621 --> 00:14:17,123
were sent far away,
256
00:14:17,157 --> 00:14:19,159
others attended
the Catholic school
257
00:14:19,192 --> 00:14:22,696
located on the
Bad River Reservation.
258
00:14:22,729 --> 00:14:24,631
BEN CONNORS, SR.: I was in
college and interviewing my aunt
259
00:14:24,664 --> 00:14:29,536
about the St. Mary's school that
was here on the reservation.
260
00:14:29,569 --> 00:14:32,505
Her first response was,
"a tragedy for Indian people".
261
00:14:32,539 --> 00:14:35,508
That's exactly how she explained
St. Mary's school.
262
00:14:37,310 --> 00:14:41,715
We administered St. Mary's
from 1883 until 1969.
263
00:14:41,748 --> 00:14:47,921
We saw ourselves as bringing
Christ to un-Christianized.
264
00:14:49,055 --> 00:14:53,159
The nuns, some of them
were pretty mean.
265
00:14:53,193 --> 00:14:56,262
We couldn't laugh,
we couldn't talk.
266
00:14:56,296 --> 00:14:58,565
If a child was speaking
the language, you know,
267
00:14:58,598 --> 00:15:01,234
they would be beaten terribly.
268
00:15:01,267 --> 00:15:05,205
Our congregation, as well
as other congregations,
269
00:15:05,238 --> 00:15:09,376
were involved in a system
of white supremacy.
270
00:15:09,409 --> 00:15:12,078
It was racist.
271
00:15:12,112 --> 00:15:14,314
The nuns took our
language away from us.
272
00:15:14,347 --> 00:15:17,150
They called us "heathens"
when we talked that way.
273
00:15:17,183 --> 00:15:20,487
The whole idea was,
"your culture is primitive."
274
00:15:20,520 --> 00:15:22,989
They were trying to force
that assimilation
275
00:15:23,023 --> 00:15:28,595
into Indian people, making them
something that they weren't.
276
00:15:28,628 --> 00:15:32,165
I was an altar boy
when I was in grade school.
277
00:15:32,198 --> 00:15:35,535
But at the same time, uh,
my mother was taking us,
278
00:15:35,568 --> 00:15:40,306
uh, to ceremonies,
back in the woods.
279
00:15:42,542 --> 00:15:44,511
SONNY SMART: Priests and
the nuns, they'd come out there
280
00:15:44,544 --> 00:15:46,212
and they would tell 'em,
281
00:15:46,246 --> 00:15:47,981
"It's devil worship
going on there."
282
00:15:49,416 --> 00:15:53,219
JOE ROSE: They'd tell us that
we were living in a state
283
00:15:53,253 --> 00:15:55,355
of, uh, mortal sin
because we had
284
00:15:55,388 --> 00:15:59,059
attended these pagan rites.
285
00:15:59,092 --> 00:16:00,460
Which we were.
286
00:16:01,695 --> 00:16:05,098
We have come to the awareness,
in the past couple of years,
287
00:16:05,131 --> 00:16:08,468
of our complicity in
assimilist policies
288
00:16:08,501 --> 00:16:14,407
with cultural genocide
as its objective.
289
00:16:14,441 --> 00:16:17,744
SONNY SMART: At St. Mary's
I talked Ojibwe
290
00:16:17,777 --> 00:16:21,247
and my friend John said,
"Don't be so Indionish.
291
00:16:21,281 --> 00:16:23,183
Talk English,
don't talk Indian".
292
00:16:23,216 --> 00:16:25,552
I was using some of those words
and he just said,
293
00:16:25,585 --> 00:16:27,454
"Shh, shh. Be quiet.
Don't say anything."
294
00:16:27,487 --> 00:16:31,791
And just that quick,
Sister Cornita,
295
00:16:31,825 --> 00:16:35,195
she had a hold of me
by my ear...
296
00:16:35,228 --> 00:16:38,298
and we went flying up
to the front of the class.
297
00:16:38,331 --> 00:16:39,499
And she slapped me so hard,
you know,
298
00:16:39,532 --> 00:16:42,235
she left her imprints on
my, my face,
299
00:16:42,268 --> 00:16:45,338
you know, how hard she hit me.
300
00:16:45,372 --> 00:16:47,507
Oh, everybody's got stories.
301
00:16:47,540 --> 00:16:49,275
It's just, ugh...
302
00:16:49,309 --> 00:16:53,146
My brother came home from
school...and he was going,
303
00:16:53,179 --> 00:16:56,783
"ow, ow,"
and my grandmother came in
304
00:16:56,816 --> 00:16:59,152
and said,
"What's wrong with you?"
305
00:16:59,185 --> 00:17:02,088
There was welts across
his fingers caused from,
306
00:17:02,122 --> 00:17:05,091
uh, a ruler, not turned
flat side,
307
00:17:05,125 --> 00:17:08,261
but on its edge
hitting his hands.
308
00:17:08,294 --> 00:17:12,399
She said, "Who did this to you?
Was it the nuns?"
309
00:17:12,432 --> 00:17:14,634
And she started hollering
for my grandfather
310
00:17:14,668 --> 00:17:18,304
and speaking to him in
Ojibwe really loud.
311
00:17:18,338 --> 00:17:20,774
My dad said,
"What happened to you?"
312
00:17:20,807 --> 00:17:24,110
And then I said, "Uh, well,
Sister Cornita slapped me".
313
00:17:24,144 --> 00:17:28,715
He was mad, you know, and,
uh, whoa, so, he just took off.
314
00:17:28,748 --> 00:17:31,251
EDITH LEOSO: We pull up and
she pounds on the door.
315
00:17:31,284 --> 00:17:33,186
It was, you know,
boom, boom, boom.
316
00:17:33,219 --> 00:17:34,320
SONNY SMART: And she's like,
317
00:17:34,354 --> 00:17:35,789
"How dare you come
into my office?"
318
00:17:35,822 --> 00:17:39,726
EDITH LEOSO: And she said,
"Do you see this boy here?
319
00:17:39,759 --> 00:17:41,261
Look at his hands."
320
00:17:41,294 --> 00:17:43,329
SONNY SMART: I seen my dad
fight before,
321
00:17:43,363 --> 00:17:46,232
and he used to box in
the army too,
322
00:17:46,266 --> 00:17:48,468
but I seen him shift his
weight and I thought,
323
00:17:48,501 --> 00:17:50,337
"Oh, he's gonna get her now,
I thought,
324
00:17:50,370 --> 00:17:54,240
she's gonna get smacked."
And so, I thought, "good."
325
00:17:54,274 --> 00:17:56,776
EDITH LEOSO:
My grandmother, she says,
326
00:17:56,810 --> 00:17:58,178
"You did that to my children,
327
00:17:58,211 --> 00:17:59,479
you did that to me,
328
00:17:59,512 --> 00:18:01,815
you're not gonna do it
to my grandchildren."
329
00:18:01,848 --> 00:18:03,917
So, he just told her, he said,
"If you ever touch him again,
330
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:05,685
I'll be back here."
331
00:18:05,719 --> 00:18:10,490
And he said, uh, "I'll make
sure you never do that again."
332
00:18:10,523 --> 00:18:13,360
"If you ever do this
again to my grandson,
333
00:18:13,393 --> 00:18:16,329
I'll be back and
I'll kick your ass."
334
00:18:16,363 --> 00:18:19,399
And I was like, "Ooh.
335
00:18:19,432 --> 00:18:22,402
Grandma's going to go
toe-to-toe with them."
336
00:18:27,674 --> 00:18:30,443
MALE NARRATOR: In addition
to cultural assimilation,
337
00:18:30,477 --> 00:18:34,347
the 1940s and 1950s
unleash another wave
338
00:18:34,381 --> 00:18:37,350
of challenges to
Native sovereignty.
339
00:18:37,384 --> 00:18:39,519
And for Bad River,
340
00:18:39,552 --> 00:18:42,589
this will include the beginning
of their pipeline problem.
341
00:18:51,664 --> 00:18:53,500
FILM NARRATOR: For three
decades, oil companies
342
00:18:53,533 --> 00:18:56,269
have been drilling with only
limited success,
343
00:18:56,302 --> 00:18:59,606
searching, searching, searching.
344
00:18:59,639 --> 00:19:03,543
Then, in February of 1947,
20 miles south of Edmonton,
345
00:19:03,576 --> 00:19:08,448
near the little town
of Leduc, Alberta...
346
00:19:12,585 --> 00:19:15,422
Imperial Leduc Number 1
struck oil.
347
00:19:25,331 --> 00:19:27,567
With the last join welded,
348
00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:29,969
oil began to flow
and a new chapter opened
349
00:19:30,003 --> 00:19:31,638
in the history of the field.
350
00:19:31,671 --> 00:19:33,707
Production increased and money,
351
00:19:33,740 --> 00:19:35,875
which would've gone
to buy American oil,
352
00:19:35,909 --> 00:19:38,645
was kept in Canada.
353
00:19:40,847 --> 00:19:42,716
MALE NARRATOR:
A Canadian company,
354
00:19:42,749 --> 00:19:45,919
later known as Enbridge,
constructs an oil pipeline
355
00:19:45,952 --> 00:19:51,458
that will move oil from
western to eastern Canada.
356
00:19:51,491 --> 00:19:54,661
The cheapest and easiest
route for this pipeline
357
00:19:54,694 --> 00:19:59,499
was to dip down to the United
States and the Great Lakes
358
00:19:59,532 --> 00:20:02,369
before heading
back to Canada.
359
00:20:08,608 --> 00:20:12,479
In 1953, Line 5 is
installed on the Reservation,
360
00:20:12,512 --> 00:20:15,682
courtesy of the Bureau
of Indian Affairs,
361
00:20:15,715 --> 00:20:18,785
without the consent
of the Bad River Band.
362
00:20:20,086 --> 00:20:21,988
The line is 12 miles long,
363
00:20:22,022 --> 00:20:25,992
which includes about
3 miles of tribal land and
364
00:20:26,026 --> 00:20:28,495
6 miles of allotted parcels,
365
00:20:28,528 --> 00:20:33,433
owned by different
Bad River members.
366
00:20:33,466 --> 00:20:35,702
The BIA signs a pipeline
easement agreement
367
00:20:35,735 --> 00:20:38,438
allowing the company
to operate
368
00:20:38,471 --> 00:20:41,274
on this Bad River land
for 20 years.
369
00:20:42,709 --> 00:20:45,845
All for a payment of
less than 3800 dollars.
370
00:20:48,648 --> 00:20:51,584
The Bureau of Indian affairs
negotiated lease arrangements,
371
00:20:51,618 --> 00:20:57,557
and outright gifts in some
cases, to, uh, big business.
372
00:20:57,590 --> 00:20:58,792
The Bureau of
Indian Affairs
373
00:20:58,825 --> 00:21:01,528
signed that contract
with Enbridge.
374
00:21:01,561 --> 00:21:03,930
The tribal council
did not do that.
375
00:21:03,963 --> 00:21:06,733
Many times, pipelines
cross Indian land
376
00:21:06,766 --> 00:21:09,669
because it's the easiest
way to go.
377
00:21:09,703 --> 00:21:12,005
You could convince
federal officials
378
00:21:12,038 --> 00:21:14,808
to just give you a rubber stamp
to do those things.
379
00:21:19,646 --> 00:21:23,450
Indian nations are in a
constant state of siege.
380
00:21:25,852 --> 00:21:28,988
FEMALE NARRATOR: The siege
was about to get worse,
381
00:21:29,022 --> 00:21:31,658
and not just for Bad River.
382
00:21:35,628 --> 00:21:38,998
MALE NARRATOR: In 1953,
Congress began efforts
383
00:21:39,032 --> 00:21:40,967
to terminate tribal status,
384
00:21:41,001 --> 00:21:44,037
to get rid of Indian
tribes altogether,
385
00:21:44,070 --> 00:21:49,709
in an effort to solve what they
called the "Indian Problem."
386
00:21:49,743 --> 00:21:54,514
The Indian Problem is:
they're still here.
387
00:21:54,547 --> 00:21:57,751
What are we going to do
with these people now?
388
00:21:57,784 --> 00:22:01,054
ANTON TREUER: We have not
folded Native Americans
389
00:22:01,087 --> 00:22:02,889
into American civilization.
390
00:22:02,922 --> 00:22:04,657
It's going too slow.
391
00:22:04,691 --> 00:22:08,695
MALE NARRATOR: House Resolution
108 is passed in 1953,
392
00:22:08,728 --> 00:22:11,731
terminating tribal status.
393
00:22:11,765 --> 00:22:14,167
You know, this was all
painted in the guise of,
394
00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:15,869
"this is a great
opportunity for you,
395
00:22:15,902 --> 00:22:18,738
we're freeing you
from the reservation,"
396
00:22:18,772 --> 00:22:21,741
when everyone knew it was
a means
397
00:22:21,775 --> 00:22:24,110
of getting rid of Native status.
398
00:22:24,144 --> 00:22:28,982
The termination was hotly
contested by Indian nations.
399
00:22:29,015 --> 00:22:30,717
Without the federal system,
400
00:22:30,750 --> 00:22:33,887
without their recognition of
our treaty requirements,
401
00:22:33,920 --> 00:22:36,523
we will disappear.
402
00:22:36,556 --> 00:22:38,925
MALE NARRATOR: In addition
to termination legislation,
403
00:22:38,958 --> 00:22:42,896
the Indian Relocation Act
is passed in 1956.
404
00:22:42,929 --> 00:22:45,165
RUNNINGHORSE LIVINGSTON:
Relocation was a pretty clever
405
00:22:45,198 --> 00:22:48,902
idea to assimilate
Native people.
406
00:22:48,935 --> 00:22:52,472
It was meant to remove them
to these urban areas
407
00:22:52,505 --> 00:22:54,941
and give them a
skill or a trade.
408
00:22:54,974 --> 00:22:56,576
We'll move them off
the reservation
409
00:22:56,609 --> 00:22:58,078
and then we can close
the reservations.
410
00:22:58,111 --> 00:23:01,581
The two laws that go together:
termination and relocation.
411
00:23:01,614 --> 00:23:03,750
Sounds bad, is bad.
412
00:23:03,783 --> 00:23:05,819
You have to factor in who
is benefiting
413
00:23:05,852 --> 00:23:09,589
materially from the displacement
of indigenous peoples.
414
00:23:09,622 --> 00:23:10,824
There was a lot of
economic ventures
415
00:23:10,857 --> 00:23:13,893
that wanted to access
to tribal land.
416
00:23:13,927 --> 00:23:17,897
When I think about large groups
of native peoples moving away,
417
00:23:17,931 --> 00:23:22,168
like my grandfather, and
an influx of corporations
418
00:23:22,202 --> 00:23:26,673
coming into the reservation
to build infrastructure
419
00:23:26,706 --> 00:23:31,911
to make money, an example
is oil pipelines.
420
00:23:31,945 --> 00:23:33,680
SONNY SMART: The Bureau set
up these big,
421
00:23:33,713 --> 00:23:36,016
large centers for relocation.
422
00:23:36,049 --> 00:23:38,818
Big cities like
Minneapolis, Chicago,
423
00:23:38,852 --> 00:23:42,522
Seattle, Los Angeles,
New York.
424
00:23:42,555 --> 00:23:44,958
My mom, she was, uh,
425
00:23:44,991 --> 00:23:48,194
relocated down to Milwaukee
with my grandmother.
426
00:23:48,228 --> 00:23:51,631
They came, and they, they're
talking to my mom and dad,
427
00:23:51,664 --> 00:23:53,700
and I remember they had
a big, like a folder,
428
00:23:53,733 --> 00:23:57,704
and had all these colored
pictures of lakes and parks.
429
00:23:57,737 --> 00:24:01,141
You know, they were
sold a dream:
430
00:24:01,174 --> 00:24:04,978
that you could relocate
to the city, you know,
431
00:24:05,011 --> 00:24:08,715
there's money, there's jobs,
there's opportunity.
432
00:24:11,051 --> 00:24:15,121
FILM NARRATOR: The first new
arrivals are housed at once.
433
00:24:15,155 --> 00:24:16,856
For they must be comfortable
434
00:24:16,890 --> 00:24:21,061
while preparing for
employment or training.
435
00:24:21,094 --> 00:24:22,996
Others discuss their
housing needs
436
00:24:23,029 --> 00:24:26,766
and help them find a
convenient apartment.
437
00:24:26,800 --> 00:24:30,070
When a new arrival makes
a preliminary choice,
438
00:24:30,103 --> 00:24:31,905
arrangements are made.
439
00:24:33,106 --> 00:24:36,976
They offered me to go to, uh,
Minneapolis for relocation,
440
00:24:37,010 --> 00:24:38,912
which I found out it was
just, uh, another way
441
00:24:38,945 --> 00:24:43,650
to assimilate people into
the dominant culture.
442
00:24:43,683 --> 00:24:47,153
They said, "Well,
we'll find you a job."
443
00:24:47,187 --> 00:24:49,055
SONNY SMART: A lot of
people that left Bad River,
444
00:24:49,089 --> 00:24:50,757
including my family,
445
00:24:50,790 --> 00:24:53,026
moved to Milwaukee,
Chicago, Los Angeles, Denver.
446
00:24:53,059 --> 00:24:56,329
But while you're there
you start picking up
447
00:24:56,363 --> 00:24:58,098
the dominant value system.
448
00:24:58,998 --> 00:25:02,068
MARTIN SENECA: Sometimes people
get a one-way ticket.
449
00:25:02,102 --> 00:25:04,304
By the time
you get down to the city,
450
00:25:04,337 --> 00:25:05,638
you're on your own.
451
00:25:05,672 --> 00:25:06,873
They couldn't get jobs.
452
00:25:06,906 --> 00:25:08,341
All of a sudden,
they're struggling.
453
00:25:08,375 --> 00:25:11,778
There are a lot of issues
with people who get displaced.
454
00:25:11,811 --> 00:25:14,314
When I was little my
parents left for Milwaukee,
455
00:25:14,347 --> 00:25:16,616
they left me with
my grandmother,
456
00:25:16,649 --> 00:25:20,053
and they came to get me,
457
00:25:20,086 --> 00:25:21,755
and I didn't even know
who they were.
458
00:25:21,788 --> 00:25:24,858
So, what would this be,
these relocation policies?
459
00:25:24,891 --> 00:25:27,193
It's "divide and conquer"
460
00:25:27,227 --> 00:25:30,930
or, we've already seen,
it's "conquer and divide".
461
00:25:32,165 --> 00:25:36,136
My uncle was homeless,
had issues with alcohol.
462
00:25:36,169 --> 00:25:39,139
I think the issues stem
from being removed
463
00:25:39,172 --> 00:25:43,176
and not having, like,
that sense of home.
464
00:25:43,209 --> 00:25:45,111
FILM NARRATOR: When the family
members have selected
465
00:25:45,145 --> 00:25:46,880
the apartment they want,
466
00:25:46,913 --> 00:25:50,050
friendly bureau staff
helps them settle.
467
00:25:50,083 --> 00:25:52,052
Much is to be
done on moving day.
468
00:25:53,853 --> 00:25:56,056
I lived on Skid Row for a year.
469
00:25:56,089 --> 00:25:58,625
I was, I was drunk
for a whole year.
470
00:26:00,894 --> 00:26:03,196
And I am not proud of it,
but I'm not ashamed of it
471
00:26:03,229 --> 00:26:08,101
because I know, I know
what it was, how it was.
472
00:26:08,134 --> 00:26:10,203
A good chunk of my friends
that I grew up with,
473
00:26:10,236 --> 00:26:11,871
they're no longer here.
474
00:26:11,905 --> 00:26:14,808
They died by homicide,
shootings,
475
00:26:14,841 --> 00:26:17,677
cirrhosis of the liver,
car accidents.
476
00:26:17,711 --> 00:26:19,145
Almost all of them are gone.
477
00:26:19,179 --> 00:26:22,282
My dad, you know,
drinking later on,
478
00:26:22,315 --> 00:26:24,117
that's kind of what did him in.
479
00:26:24,150 --> 00:26:29,289
You know, it's for me,
that what happened to me,
480
00:26:29,322 --> 00:26:33,193
but... also...
481
00:26:33,226 --> 00:26:37,931
that what my
father had to go through.
482
00:26:39,899 --> 00:26:42,402
When we got to
Milwaukee for relocation,
483
00:26:42,435 --> 00:26:43,937
I was getting jumped,
you know,
484
00:26:43,970 --> 00:26:45,438
there was different things
that happened to me.
485
00:26:45,472 --> 00:26:47,974
But the racism, discrimination,
486
00:26:48,008 --> 00:26:49,876
and, you know it,
it was all built up.
487
00:26:49,909 --> 00:26:52,746
The anger, you know,
that was in me.
488
00:26:52,779 --> 00:26:55,315
Fuck you, punk.
You know?
489
00:26:55,348 --> 00:26:58,318
Start a fight, you know.
490
00:26:58,351 --> 00:27:00,286
And my grandpa said, "You can't
fight all of the white people.
491
00:27:00,320 --> 00:27:02,689
"You know, there's
just too many of them.
492
00:27:02,722 --> 00:27:05,025
The lines gonna be
never ending."
493
00:27:05,058 --> 00:27:08,028
I went to the BIA, and I said,
"Hey, I got a job at home."
494
00:27:08,061 --> 00:27:10,030
They told me, he said, "No."
495
00:27:10,063 --> 00:27:11,698
He said, "It doesn't
work that way."
496
00:27:11,731 --> 00:27:17,070
Says, "Relocation is to get you
off the reservation."
497
00:27:17,103 --> 00:27:20,273
So, I told him, "Well, F you."
498
00:27:26,212 --> 00:27:29,249
So I said, "I'll make
my own way home."
499
00:27:29,282 --> 00:27:33,319
And that's what I did.
500
00:27:33,353 --> 00:27:35,889
* Pull up in a limo
with the gang *
501
00:27:35,922 --> 00:27:38,191
* Bandanna strapped like
victory the game *
502
00:27:38,224 --> 00:27:40,760
* Put him in the past tense
Mask with the glass tent *
503
00:27:40,794 --> 00:27:43,296
* Can't see me, can't be me
You trash but you average *
504
00:27:43,329 --> 00:27:45,298
* Gave me the ick
The rabies legit *
505
00:27:45,331 --> 00:27:47,367
* Great dane craving
to get out the cage *
506
00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,035
* Tasting the flesh *
507
00:27:49,069 --> 00:27:51,104
* A mighty fine revolution
that can unfold quick *
508
00:27:51,137 --> 00:27:54,240
* 'Cause the sun never sets
on a stolen percent *
509
00:27:54,274 --> 00:27:56,009
FEMALE NARRATOR:
Meanwhile, for those
510
00:27:56,042 --> 00:27:58,078
who stayed in urban areas,
511
00:27:58,111 --> 00:28:02,082
police brutality
was a constant threat.
512
00:28:02,115 --> 00:28:05,085
Natives were getting
picked up by the police
513
00:28:05,118 --> 00:28:08,355
and that's when all the
police brutality started.
514
00:28:08,388 --> 00:28:13,193
EDITH LEOSO: The oppression,
the racism, just hit a pinnacle.
515
00:28:13,226 --> 00:28:16,296
There was a prophecy that said,
516
00:28:16,329 --> 00:28:18,198
"When the eagle lands
on the moon,
517
00:28:18,231 --> 00:28:23,503
that will be a time of change
for Indian people."
518
00:28:23,536 --> 00:28:27,040
And everybody thought, "Well,
that's never gonna happen.
519
00:28:27,073 --> 00:28:29,442
The Eagle can't fly as
high as the moon."
520
00:28:29,476 --> 00:28:31,244
Until...
521
00:28:32,879 --> 00:28:37,350
Three two one, zero, liftoff.
522
00:28:37,384 --> 00:28:39,119
We have a liftoff.
523
00:28:39,152 --> 00:28:41,821
You're a go
for landing, over?
524
00:28:41,855 --> 00:28:44,024
Down, 2-20 feet.
525
00:28:44,958 --> 00:28:47,027
The Eagle has landed
526
00:28:47,060 --> 00:28:49,262
And everybody went, "What?"
527
00:28:52,032 --> 00:28:55,235
That was the sign
that we need to stand up
528
00:28:55,268 --> 00:29:01,074
for ourselves despite everything
that might happen to us.
529
00:29:01,107 --> 00:29:04,244
Suddenly, things like
red power in the 1960s,
530
00:29:04,277 --> 00:29:05,412
the American Indian Movement,
531
00:29:05,445 --> 00:29:09,115
start to emerge from indigenous
people working together.
532
00:29:09,149 --> 00:29:12,152
This was a very unintentional
product of relocation.
533
00:29:12,185 --> 00:29:16,089
The American Indian movement
was first an urban reaction
534
00:29:16,122 --> 00:29:19,826
to discrimination,
whether it was by the police
535
00:29:19,859 --> 00:29:21,594
who would just round up Indians,
536
00:29:21,628 --> 00:29:23,129
uh, whenever, they felt like it
537
00:29:23,163 --> 00:29:24,898
and throw 'em in the
trunks of their car
538
00:29:24,931 --> 00:29:26,266
and then let them out later.
539
00:29:26,299 --> 00:29:30,403
My uncle Clyde had stories
of police brutality
540
00:29:30,437 --> 00:29:31,938
that were insane to me.
541
00:29:31,971 --> 00:29:33,139
I couldn't even,
I-I couldn't even imagine.
542
00:29:33,173 --> 00:29:35,175
Like, he, uh, he was shot.
543
00:29:35,208 --> 00:29:37,544
FEMALE NARRATOR: Runninghorse's
uncle, Clyde Bellecourt,
544
00:29:37,577 --> 00:29:39,913
along with his aunt,
Peggy Bellecourt,
545
00:29:39,946 --> 00:29:42,048
and his grandmother
Florence Holmes,
546
00:29:42,082 --> 00:29:43,583
both from Bad River,
547
00:29:43,616 --> 00:29:46,453
become early members of
the American Indian Movement,
548
00:29:46,486 --> 00:29:48,021
also called AIM.
549
00:29:48,054 --> 00:29:49,589
RUNNINGHORSE LIVINGSTON:
AIM would not have been
550
00:29:49,622 --> 00:29:52,459
what AIM was without
people like my grandmother.
551
00:29:52,492 --> 00:29:55,061
The impact that women
had during that movement,
552
00:29:55,095 --> 00:29:57,063
even though it's not
as well documented,
553
00:29:57,097 --> 00:29:59,065
uh, was, was huge.
554
00:29:59,099 --> 00:30:00,166
FEMALE NARRATOR:
Florence Holmes,
555
00:30:00,200 --> 00:30:01,935
Peggy and Clyde Bellecourt,
556
00:30:01,968 --> 00:30:03,470
and Runninghorse's mother,
Katie,
557
00:30:03,503 --> 00:30:07,140
all participate in
the Occupation of Alcatraz.
558
00:30:07,173 --> 00:30:11,111
American Indians have
secured the Island of Alcatraz.
559
00:30:11,144 --> 00:30:12,612
What motivated us to do this
is there are Indians
560
00:30:12,645 --> 00:30:16,182
across North America today
that are taking a strong stance
561
00:30:16,216 --> 00:30:18,084
to gain back the lands
that they've lost.
562
00:30:18,118 --> 00:30:19,919
There was a,
there was a takeover of
563
00:30:19,953 --> 00:30:22,389
the coast guard
station in Milwaukee.
564
00:30:22,422 --> 00:30:24,324
So, I was a part of that.
565
00:30:24,357 --> 00:30:26,926
FEMALE NARRATOR:
Florence, Peggy, Clyde
566
00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:28,461
and Runninghorse's
mother, Katie,
567
00:30:28,495 --> 00:30:32,232
caravanned to DC
to occupy the BIA.
568
00:30:32,265 --> 00:30:35,035
A group of American Indians
seized control
569
00:30:35,068 --> 00:30:37,404
of several offices of the
Bureau of Indian Affairs
570
00:30:37,437 --> 00:30:39,005
in Washington today.
571
00:30:39,039 --> 00:30:40,473
They were there to protest
what they regard
572
00:30:40,507 --> 00:30:44,210
as the Government's past
injustices toward Indians.
573
00:30:44,244 --> 00:30:46,112
There was a group of
'em that went in
574
00:30:46,146 --> 00:30:48,214
and it kind of escalated
to the fact
575
00:30:48,248 --> 00:30:50,283
that they were taking
over the building.
576
00:30:50,316 --> 00:30:53,319
The security was unable
to really deal with 'em,
577
00:30:53,353 --> 00:30:55,188
'cause this was all
a new phenomenon
578
00:30:55,221 --> 00:30:57,190
as far as Indian people
were concerned.
579
00:30:57,223 --> 00:30:59,092
And people go, "Wait, what the
hell is going on over there?
580
00:30:59,125 --> 00:31:01,394
What's-- what's all these
Native people doing?"
581
00:31:01,428 --> 00:31:05,265
Indians across the country
are washing their hands
582
00:31:05,298 --> 00:31:08,001
of this hostile and
primitive government.
583
00:31:08,034 --> 00:31:09,669
Those militant Indians
who took over
584
00:31:09,703 --> 00:31:10,937
the Bureau of
Indian Affairs...
585
00:31:10,970 --> 00:31:14,140
AIM was actually pretty radical,
even for a lot of Native people.
586
00:31:14,174 --> 00:31:18,011
It brought our issues to
the forefront of the news
587
00:31:18,044 --> 00:31:20,480
and made people aware
that, actually,
588
00:31:20,513 --> 00:31:22,148
that there are
still natives out there.
589
00:31:22,182 --> 00:31:24,150
There were wrongs that
had to be righted
590
00:31:24,184 --> 00:31:26,019
and I don't think the
general population
591
00:31:26,052 --> 00:31:27,487
was even remotely
aware of that before.
592
00:31:27,520 --> 00:31:30,423
Those activists from
the seventies
593
00:31:30,457 --> 00:31:33,426
created a whole
generation of fighters.
594
00:31:46,072 --> 00:31:48,141
FEMALE NARRATOR:
Back on the Reservation,
595
00:31:48,174 --> 00:31:50,510
the 1970s would find
Bad River members
596
00:31:50,543 --> 00:31:54,381
resisting other
forms of policing.
597
00:31:54,414 --> 00:31:56,216
There used to be
a game warden here
598
00:31:56,249 --> 00:32:00,587
that kind of plagued
the reservation.
599
00:32:00,620 --> 00:32:03,390
It was, like, a big
cat and mouse game
600
00:32:03,423 --> 00:32:05,358
they played with
the Game Warden...
601
00:32:05,392 --> 00:32:08,395
I even remember his name.
I don't want to say it.
602
00:32:08,428 --> 00:32:11,364
-Kyle Smith.
-Kyle Smith.
603
00:32:11,398 --> 00:32:14,668
DAVID O'CONNOR: My grandfather
told my dad that he needed
604
00:32:14,701 --> 00:32:17,270
to get some fish
for the family.
605
00:32:17,303 --> 00:32:20,440
And so, my dad went out
gill nettin' on Lake Superior.
606
00:32:20,473 --> 00:32:26,446
And my dad said that, he said
that day was a perfect day.
607
00:32:26,479 --> 00:32:28,348
And all of a sudden,
the game warden came up,
608
00:32:28,381 --> 00:32:30,350
they asked him what
he was doing.
609
00:32:30,383 --> 00:32:32,719
And after that,
he was taken and arrested.
610
00:32:32,752 --> 00:32:35,722
FEMALE NARRATOR: Arrested for
fishing out of season,
611
00:32:35,755 --> 00:32:40,460
David's father files suit
against the State of Wisconsin.
612
00:32:40,493 --> 00:32:44,297
He asserts that his rights
under that the Treaty of 1854
613
00:32:44,330 --> 00:32:47,067
to fish year-round
were violated
614
00:32:47,100 --> 00:32:52,138
and in 1972, the Wisconsin
Supreme Court agrees.
615
00:32:53,540 --> 00:32:56,409
We had retained treaty rights
to hunt, fish, and gather
616
00:32:56,443 --> 00:32:59,813
even though they were
unable to exercise them.
617
00:32:59,846 --> 00:33:02,248
My father won his case.
618
00:33:02,282 --> 00:33:04,351
I always saw him as the
strongest man in the world.
619
00:33:04,384 --> 00:33:07,287
Always still do and, uh...
620
00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:15,528
MALE NARRATOR: The legal
victory of Thomas Connors,
621
00:33:15,562 --> 00:33:19,666
which upheld long-standing
treaty rights to hunt and fish,
622
00:33:19,699 --> 00:33:21,534
as well as that of
the Tribble Brothers
623
00:33:21,568 --> 00:33:25,105
from the Lac Courte Oreilles
Band who were arrested
624
00:33:25,138 --> 00:33:28,274
for ice-fishing
off-reservation,
625
00:33:28,308 --> 00:33:30,510
all spark a backlash.
626
00:33:30,543 --> 00:33:34,247
launching what would become
known as the "Walleye Wars."
627
00:33:37,283 --> 00:33:39,753
Sports fishermen really
resented Native people
628
00:33:39,786 --> 00:33:42,422
because of these quote-unquote
"special rights"
629
00:33:42,455 --> 00:33:45,358
that Native people
had to hunt and gather,
630
00:33:45,392 --> 00:33:47,260
uh, in ceded territory.
631
00:33:47,293 --> 00:33:49,162
We weren't given anything.
632
00:33:49,195 --> 00:33:51,297
You didn't give a shit.
633
00:33:51,331 --> 00:33:53,867
We gave you's the land.
634
00:33:53,900 --> 00:33:56,369
We found out that one
of the tribes
635
00:33:56,403 --> 00:33:59,539
was gonna be spearing
at, at Butternut Lake.
636
00:33:59,572 --> 00:34:04,444
And the decision was made
to go there with them.
637
00:34:04,477 --> 00:34:05,445
FEMALE NARRATOR: Bad River
members head out
638
00:34:05,478 --> 00:34:06,846
to protect native fishermen
639
00:34:06,880 --> 00:34:09,883
who are being threatened
by sports fisherman
640
00:34:09,916 --> 00:34:12,452
and anti-treaty groups.
641
00:34:12,485 --> 00:34:14,454
My dad was telling me,
he remembers, like,
642
00:34:14,487 --> 00:34:17,524
the caravan of tribal members
going there.
643
00:34:17,557 --> 00:34:20,260
We packed like
sardines in a car
644
00:34:20,293 --> 00:34:21,528
and we rode out
to Butternut Lake.
645
00:34:21,561 --> 00:34:23,463
ESIE LEOSO-CORBINE:
When we got there,
646
00:34:23,496 --> 00:34:27,834
there was this massive crowd
of protestors there...
647
00:34:27,867 --> 00:34:30,637
and it was loud.
648
00:34:30,670 --> 00:34:33,673
[shouting]
649
00:34:33,707 --> 00:34:35,709
And it was terrifying.
650
00:34:35,742 --> 00:34:38,812
JOE ROSE: There was a huge
law enforcement presence,
651
00:34:38,845 --> 00:34:41,681
they all had riot gear on.
652
00:34:41,715 --> 00:34:46,686
All kinds of derogatory
remarks being made.
653
00:34:48,388 --> 00:34:50,457
Go home, you red slime bag.
654
00:34:50,490 --> 00:34:51,691
Come on!
655
00:34:51,725 --> 00:34:56,363
They spit on us,
they would throw cans at us.
656
00:34:56,396 --> 00:34:59,232
And there's the signs,
"Spear an Indian,"
657
00:34:59,265 --> 00:35:01,334
you know, "Save a Walleye."
658
00:35:01,368 --> 00:35:03,737
It was pure racism.
659
00:35:03,770 --> 00:35:07,574
I had never experienced it
at that level before then.
660
00:35:11,478 --> 00:35:14,514
They looked at me like I was
a disease, I was disgustin',
661
00:35:14,547 --> 00:35:16,549
and I never felt
that before.
662
00:35:16,583 --> 00:35:19,185
ED LEOSO: The worst thing
I ever saw was pulling up
663
00:35:19,219 --> 00:35:22,422
to one of the boat landings,
and a guy got out of his truck
664
00:35:22,455 --> 00:35:25,425
and he was drunk and got
his little five or six-year-old
665
00:35:25,458 --> 00:35:28,595
kid outta the car and
start pointing at us.
666
00:35:31,431 --> 00:35:33,967
Telling him we're bad people,
667
00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:36,569
all we did was live on welfare,
668
00:35:36,603 --> 00:35:38,972
"couldn't get a job," "lazy."
669
00:35:39,005 --> 00:35:41,908
...the welfare check?
Go home!
670
00:35:41,941 --> 00:35:45,979
-Welfare fuckers!
-Go home!
671
00:35:46,012 --> 00:35:47,480
You hear gunshots.
672
00:35:47,514 --> 00:35:51,351
You don't know where its
coming from or aimed at.
673
00:35:51,384 --> 00:35:52,552
[drumming, chanting]
674
00:35:56,589 --> 00:35:58,692
There was probably 250,
300 people
675
00:35:58,725 --> 00:36:02,662
on the landing trying to block
us from getting onto the lake.
676
00:36:02,696 --> 00:36:07,367
Uh, it was...
it was bad.
677
00:36:07,400 --> 00:36:10,270
I thought native people
were gonna get killed.
678
00:36:10,303 --> 00:36:12,372
[drumming, chanting]
679
00:36:12,405 --> 00:36:13,406
ESIE LEOSO-CORBINE:
Joe said that
680
00:36:13,440 --> 00:36:16,343
we needed to bring the drum.
681
00:36:16,376 --> 00:36:18,745
I was one of the people
holding the drum.
682
00:36:18,778 --> 00:36:20,647
It's the heartbeat
of our nation.
683
00:36:20,680 --> 00:36:25,852
When we started singing our
songs, we just felt protected.
684
00:36:25,885 --> 00:36:29,689
And it was almost like this
invisible dome came over us.
685
00:36:29,723 --> 00:36:32,726
And I knew that
we're gonna be okay.
686
00:36:32,759 --> 00:36:36,396
We were there for the
right purpose and that, uh...
687
00:36:41,801 --> 00:36:44,971
Well, spirits would
take care of us.
688
00:36:45,005 --> 00:36:47,807
And I was like, "You have
no clue about who we are.
689
00:36:47,841 --> 00:36:51,611
"You don't understand
our culture,
690
00:36:51,644 --> 00:36:53,813
our religions
and our, our beliefs."
691
00:37:06,993 --> 00:37:10,397
A lot of people are not
aware of how many fish
692
00:37:10,430 --> 00:37:13,366
that the tribal
hatcheries reproduce
693
00:37:13,400 --> 00:37:15,869
to put back into,
uh, the lake systems.
694
00:37:20,607 --> 00:37:24,444
Our practices are made
to sustain the fish population.
695
00:37:30,817 --> 00:37:35,655
ED LEOSO: We catch the fish, get
enough eggs, fill the hatchery.
696
00:37:35,689 --> 00:37:39,526
JUNIE BUTLER: The hatchery
is a restocking program for,
697
00:37:39,559 --> 00:37:41,728
not only the people
from the reservation,
698
00:37:41,761 --> 00:37:45,632
but it for the whole area,
the whole Lake Superior area.
699
00:37:45,665 --> 00:37:49,369
We make sure our eggs are
well taken care of which, um,
700
00:37:49,402 --> 00:37:51,504
Junie does, r-real good.
701
00:37:53,440 --> 00:37:55,742
Right now, we're at
20 million eggs,
702
00:37:55,775 --> 00:37:59,679
and out of that, we've raised
probably three quarters
703
00:37:59,713 --> 00:38:02,782
of a million fingerlings
that go back into the,
704
00:38:02,816 --> 00:38:03,950
into the system.
705
00:38:03,983 --> 00:38:06,820
That's an awful lot of,
awful lot of fish
706
00:38:06,853 --> 00:38:09,422
for the future.
707
00:38:09,456 --> 00:38:11,925
It never used to be like this.
708
00:38:11,958 --> 00:38:14,461
It never used to be calm.
709
00:38:14,494 --> 00:38:19,799
Our ancestors had enough
foresight, Chief Buffalo,
710
00:38:19,833 --> 00:38:24,871
had to stand up for us to live
right here today at this moment.
711
00:38:38,018 --> 00:38:41,421
MALE NARRATOR: In the 1990s,
Enbridge's right to operate
712
00:38:41,454 --> 00:38:45,992
across Bad River
land expires again.
713
00:38:46,026 --> 00:38:49,796
But before extending the
pipeline easement agreements,
714
00:38:49,829 --> 00:38:52,065
the BIA, for the first time,
715
00:38:52,098 --> 00:38:55,769
asks the Bad River Band
for its input.
716
00:38:55,802 --> 00:39:00,907
At the time, our
tribe was in a financial crisis.
717
00:39:00,940 --> 00:39:03,476
MALE NARRATOR:
For 800 thousand dollars,
718
00:39:03,510 --> 00:39:05,812
the Band allows Enbridge
to operate
719
00:39:05,845 --> 00:39:11,518
for 50 years on
3 miles of tribal land.
720
00:39:11,551 --> 00:39:13,687
But for the allotted
parcels owned
721
00:39:13,720 --> 00:39:15,422
by individual Band members,
722
00:39:15,455 --> 00:39:18,858
now about
3 miles in length,
723
00:39:18,892 --> 00:39:20,660
the BIA extension is shorter,
724
00:39:20,694 --> 00:39:24,764
only 20 years,
its usual timeframe.
725
00:39:24,798 --> 00:39:27,701
This means that Enbridge
must remove the pipeline
726
00:39:27,734 --> 00:39:33,139
from those individual
parcels in 2013.
727
00:39:33,173 --> 00:39:34,941
Which Enbridge agrees to.
728
00:39:40,847 --> 00:39:43,783
FEMALE NARRATOR:
The 1990s also bring a new
729
00:39:43,817 --> 00:39:46,653
and different threat
to Bad River.
730
00:39:46,686 --> 00:39:50,223
The Opioid Epidemic,
which was raging
731
00:39:50,256 --> 00:39:52,926
all throughout rural America.
732
00:39:52,959 --> 00:39:55,628
We know that the more trauma
you've had in your past,
733
00:39:55,662 --> 00:39:58,732
in your ancestors' past,
734
00:39:58,765 --> 00:40:01,534
what we actually see
is that generations
735
00:40:01,568 --> 00:40:04,137
have higher rates
of substance use.
736
00:40:04,170 --> 00:40:08,241
MIIGIS GONZALEZ: These U.S.
policies, that were put in place
737
00:40:08,274 --> 00:40:11,578
to kill the Indian within us,
738
00:40:11,611 --> 00:40:13,947
how could that have,
not have affected
739
00:40:13,980 --> 00:40:20,086
our wellbeing and our
perception of ourselves?
740
00:40:20,120 --> 00:40:23,790
We weren't given the opportunity
to break the cycle
741
00:40:23,823 --> 00:40:25,191
cause it was always,
you know,
742
00:40:25,225 --> 00:40:28,628
just us living, like,
in survival all the time.
743
00:40:28,661 --> 00:40:30,697
Everyone in the community is
affected by drugs
744
00:40:30,730 --> 00:40:33,833
and drug abuse and
alcohol abuse.
745
00:40:33,867 --> 00:40:37,170
When I think about what
we've lost in Bad River,
746
00:40:37,203 --> 00:40:39,105
because of fentanyl and heroin,
747
00:40:39,139 --> 00:40:42,042
and... it staggers my mind.
748
00:40:43,810 --> 00:40:45,945
I went through several years of,
749
00:40:45,979 --> 00:40:49,582
uh, kind of a dark
period in my life.
750
00:40:49,616 --> 00:40:52,786
That hopelessness and despair
751
00:40:52,819 --> 00:40:57,891
took me to the dark
places in, in this world.
752
00:40:57,924 --> 00:41:00,727
There was a point in time in my
life where I did get in trouble.
753
00:41:00,760 --> 00:41:05,198
It was almost
like I was being...
754
00:41:05,231 --> 00:41:09,269
felt ashamed to be
who I was.
755
00:41:09,302 --> 00:41:13,807
I didn't know where I fit in.
756
00:41:13,840 --> 00:41:15,709
And my mothers' non-native so,
757
00:41:15,742 --> 00:41:17,310
I didn't belong with the whites,
758
00:41:17,344 --> 00:41:19,079
and I didn't belong
with the Indians.
759
00:41:19,112 --> 00:41:22,549
I also felt very lost.
760
00:41:22,582 --> 00:41:24,751
I lost my way for a long time.
761
00:41:24,784 --> 00:41:27,987
And then when I did
get in trouble, I realized,
762
00:41:28,021 --> 00:41:31,958
man, I haven't been
involved in my culture.
763
00:41:31,991 --> 00:41:32,959
[chanting]
764
00:41:35,095 --> 00:41:39,899
I haven't been
involved in my powwows.
765
00:41:39,933 --> 00:41:42,802
I haven't been involved
in my ceremonies.
766
00:41:47,273 --> 00:41:49,676
MICHELLE JOHNSON-JENNINGS:
Those who engage in ceremony
767
00:41:49,709 --> 00:41:52,579
have lower risk
for substance use.
768
00:41:59,919 --> 00:42:05,058
MIIGIS GONZALEZ:
You find your belongingness
769
00:42:05,091 --> 00:42:07,861
and you find
your connectedness.
770
00:42:10,964 --> 00:42:12,932
MICHELLE JOHNSON-JENNINGS:
What we know is that love
771
00:42:12,966 --> 00:42:15,135
can interrupt that trauma.
772
00:42:15,168 --> 00:42:18,738
It's all those thousands
of ancestors behind them
773
00:42:18,772 --> 00:42:21,708
and all those future ones
that will be,
774
00:42:21,741 --> 00:42:24,878
that love you in that moment.
775
00:42:24,911 --> 00:42:26,813
All of those things that we do
776
00:42:26,846 --> 00:42:29,315
have been taught to
do by our ancestors,
777
00:42:29,349 --> 00:42:30,984
actually revolve around love.
778
00:42:37,724 --> 00:42:43,930
ESIE LEOSO-CORBINE: As I got
older, I found the ceremonies.
779
00:42:43,963 --> 00:42:47,133
I became actively
involved with my culture.
780
00:42:49,703 --> 00:42:51,671
I look back at that
and think that,
781
00:42:51,705 --> 00:42:56,276
"what would it been like if
I would've grew up with it?
782
00:42:56,309 --> 00:42:58,111
What would it been like?"
783
00:42:58,144 --> 00:43:01,414
I would not have been even
thinking the thought
784
00:43:01,448 --> 00:43:04,150
of being ashamed of who I was.
785
00:43:06,753 --> 00:43:09,389
There's been this
huge resurgence
786
00:43:09,422 --> 00:43:11,891
of indigenous communities
787
00:43:11,925 --> 00:43:14,861
going back to what
we already knew,
788
00:43:14,894 --> 00:43:17,931
using our way of life to
come back to who we are.
789
00:43:20,033 --> 00:43:22,068
PATTY LEOW:
Our people didn't survive
790
00:43:22,102 --> 00:43:25,872
because of generational trauma.
791
00:43:25,905 --> 00:43:28,141
We survived because
of generational joy,
792
00:43:28,174 --> 00:43:32,912
and innovation,
and ingenuity.
793
00:43:34,814 --> 00:43:36,316
ESIE LEOSO-CORBINE:
As much as they tried
794
00:43:36,349 --> 00:43:38,918
to strip away our identity,
795
00:43:38,952 --> 00:43:40,754
and all that trauma
that came with it,
796
00:43:40,787 --> 00:43:46,126
they weren't successful.
797
00:43:46,159 --> 00:43:48,895
Because we still have people
that speak the language.
798
00:43:48,928 --> 00:43:54,434
We're asking for...
[speaks Ojibwe]
799
00:43:54,467 --> 00:43:56,836
Her spirit name.
800
00:43:56,870 --> 00:43:58,304
Say her name.
801
00:43:58,338 --> 00:44:01,074
[speaks Ojibwe]
802
00:44:05,345 --> 00:44:07,781
And that, uh, name, uh,
comes from, uh,
803
00:44:07,814 --> 00:44:10,050
just before it starts to rain,
804
00:44:10,083 --> 00:44:11,918
and there's a yellow cloud
that comes
805
00:44:11,951 --> 00:44:13,720
and a spirit that comes there.
806
00:44:13,753 --> 00:44:15,221
[speaks in Ojibwe]
807
00:44:24,397 --> 00:44:27,200
MALE NARRATOR: Fast forward
to 2013, which is when
808
00:44:27,233 --> 00:44:30,704
the Enbridge easements on
the allotted parcels expire.
809
00:44:32,539 --> 00:44:35,175
The company submits
a handwritten renewal request
810
00:44:35,208 --> 00:44:41,114
to the BIA, just a few months
before the expiration date,
811
00:44:41,147 --> 00:44:44,851
but the BIA won't agree to
an extension
812
00:44:44,884 --> 00:44:46,486
without the consent of the
Band,
813
00:44:46,519 --> 00:44:52,058
which by 2013, had acquired
interests in about 2.3 miles
814
00:44:52,092 --> 00:44:55,795
of the allotted land along
the pipeline corridor.
815
00:44:55,829 --> 00:44:59,032
PHILOMENA KEBEC: Our tribe
doesn't own all of the land
816
00:44:59,065 --> 00:45:00,867
within our reservation.
817
00:45:00,900 --> 00:45:04,371
There's been a concerted
effort over many years
818
00:45:04,404 --> 00:45:10,176
to buy back every single
little postage stamp of land
819
00:45:10,210 --> 00:45:13,313
within the
Bad River Reservation.
820
00:45:13,346 --> 00:45:16,016
MALE NARRATOR: Enbridge now
submits a request to the Band
821
00:45:16,049 --> 00:45:19,386
for permission to
continue operating.
822
00:45:19,419 --> 00:45:22,422
But the Band cannot
immediately respond
823
00:45:22,455 --> 00:45:26,393
because it's waging a battle
on yet another front.
824
00:45:26,426 --> 00:45:29,929
This time against an
open pit mining operation
825
00:45:29,963 --> 00:45:31,331
in the Penokee Mountains
826
00:45:31,364 --> 00:45:34,534
which threatens the
Bad River headwaters.
827
00:45:34,567 --> 00:45:39,239
PATTY LOEW: When the Gogebic
Taconite mine proposal surfaced,
828
00:45:39,272 --> 00:45:42,308
people understood: this
is mountaintop removal.
829
00:45:42,342 --> 00:45:45,211
This is not your small-scale
mining where grandpa's
830
00:45:45,245 --> 00:45:46,946
going to work with a little
pickax
831
00:45:46,980 --> 00:45:48,815
and a, a lunch bucket.
832
00:45:48,848 --> 00:45:50,417
This is blowing up a mountain
833
00:45:50,450 --> 00:45:52,986
and creating something
that looks like a moonscape
834
00:45:53,019 --> 00:45:54,320
where nothing can grow.
835
00:45:54,354 --> 00:45:57,190
We were immediately
thrown into battle.
836
00:45:57,223 --> 00:45:59,092
And so, I just started
volunteering my time.
837
00:45:59,125 --> 00:46:00,894
I offered to drive to Madison.
838
00:46:00,927 --> 00:46:02,295
You know, Bad River tribal
members said,
839
00:46:02,328 --> 00:46:04,431
"Hell no, we're not gonna
let that happen."
840
00:46:04,464 --> 00:46:09,002
This has become a government of,
by, and for the corporations
841
00:46:09,035 --> 00:46:12,539
at the expense of all of us
and our environment.
842
00:46:12,572 --> 00:46:15,442
And, you know, we went
and testified in Madison.
843
00:46:15,475 --> 00:46:20,146
As a mother, grandmother,
a auntie, a sister,
844
00:46:20,180 --> 00:46:23,283
genocide is alive and
well in Wisconsin.
845
00:46:23,316 --> 00:46:24,951
We've gotta keep up
the good battle.
846
00:46:24,984 --> 00:46:28,021
-Not gonna happen.
-Not gonna happen!
847
00:46:28,054 --> 00:46:29,622
We're here, we've always
been here
848
00:46:29,656 --> 00:46:31,925
and we're not going anywhere.
849
00:46:31,958 --> 00:46:33,193
My name is Edith Leoso.
850
00:46:33,226 --> 00:46:34,961
My name is Eldred Corbine,
851
00:46:34,994 --> 00:46:37,097
uh, Vice Chairman of
the Bad River Tribe.
852
00:46:37,130 --> 00:46:38,932
And I graduated from
Northern college.
853
00:46:38,965 --> 00:46:43,870
And, uh, somewhere there I'm
educated and now I'm civilized.
854
00:46:45,505 --> 00:46:48,074
Ah, we heard testimony
from geologists
855
00:46:48,108 --> 00:46:51,511
and, the last, uh, joint
finance committee hearing,
856
00:46:51,544 --> 00:46:54,214
that talked of hundreds
of millions of gallons of
857
00:46:54,247 --> 00:46:56,416
sulfuric acid
potentially leaking.
858
00:46:56,449 --> 00:47:00,086
We ask for strength and wisdom
and courage
859
00:47:00,120 --> 00:47:03,089
as we take on one
of the most
860
00:47:03,123 --> 00:47:05,358
powerful forces
on the globe.
861
00:47:05,392 --> 00:47:07,093
Well, people from
local communities
862
00:47:07,127 --> 00:47:09,295
and local tribes have come
out to demonstrate today.
863
00:47:09,329 --> 00:47:11,131
I was talking to my daughter
this morning
864
00:47:11,164 --> 00:47:14,334
and she said, "Why are you
going out there, Mom?"
865
00:47:14,367 --> 00:47:16,102
And I said, "Baby, I'm going
out there so
866
00:47:16,136 --> 00:47:18,071
you can drink water
when you are 25."
867
00:47:18,104 --> 00:47:21,508
I'm afraid that this mine,
I totally oppose it.
868
00:47:21,541 --> 00:47:24,477
And I'm gonna say this on
behalf of my future,
869
00:47:24,511 --> 00:47:27,981
my future relatives
that aren't here yet.
870
00:47:28,014 --> 00:47:29,649
The fact of the matter is,
this is gonna
871
00:47:29,683 --> 00:47:31,985
prove catastrophic
for our homeland.
872
00:47:32,018 --> 00:47:36,156
Perhaps there's been a
violation of our treaty.
873
00:47:36,189 --> 00:47:40,160
If they start out there,
874
00:47:40,193 --> 00:47:42,462
there gonna be
one hell of a fight.
875
00:47:42,495 --> 00:47:43,563
It's not gonna happen.
876
00:47:43,596 --> 00:47:45,031
[cheering]
877
00:47:45,065 --> 00:47:47,400
We were walking into
the Senate chambers
878
00:47:47,434 --> 00:47:52,072
and there's legislators, and one
of 'em to turn me and said,
879
00:47:52,105 --> 00:47:54,140
"What, you don't trust
the government?"
880
00:47:54,174 --> 00:47:56,676
And I looked and
I started laughin'
881
00:47:56,710 --> 00:47:59,145
and I looked back and said,
882
00:47:59,179 --> 00:48:02,449
"Oh", I says, "you're
fucking serious."
883
00:48:02,482 --> 00:48:06,453
I said, "If you were Indian,
would you trust the government?"
884
00:48:08,621 --> 00:48:12,959
If you look at the way that
Bad River has conducted itself,
885
00:48:12,992 --> 00:48:16,596
it is strong and
you know, we're bad.
886
00:48:16,629 --> 00:48:17,997
We're just bad.
887
00:48:18,031 --> 00:48:20,033
So, we fit our name.
888
00:48:20,066 --> 00:48:21,434
Ultimately, we did win,
889
00:48:21,468 --> 00:48:23,670
so to speak, you know,
the company backed off.
890
00:48:23,703 --> 00:48:26,573
But one of our advisors
said, "it's not over,"
891
00:48:26,606 --> 00:48:31,011
you know, "what we have,
they'll always want.
892
00:48:31,044 --> 00:48:34,047
They've done it since
they got here."
893
00:48:34,080 --> 00:48:36,049
BILL ROUNDWIND:
Whatever we have,
894
00:48:36,082 --> 00:48:37,650
they're gonna try and get it.
895
00:48:37,684 --> 00:48:39,452
My grandmother, she said,
896
00:48:39,486 --> 00:48:42,455
"Pretty soon they're gonna want
us to all hang up in the air
897
00:48:42,489 --> 00:48:46,626
cause they want
everything underneath us."
898
00:48:46,659 --> 00:48:50,463
They just won't stop
until they have it all.
899
00:48:52,098 --> 00:48:54,100
FEMALE NARRATOR: On the heels
of the mining battle,
900
00:48:54,134 --> 00:48:56,069
the Band now
informs Enbridge
901
00:48:56,102 --> 00:48:57,604
that a full
environmental review
902
00:48:57,637 --> 00:49:02,108
is required before any pipeline
extension can be considered.
903
00:49:03,576 --> 00:49:06,646
But then Mother Nature
steps in,
904
00:49:06,680 --> 00:49:08,515
which changes everything.
905
00:49:09,616 --> 00:49:11,017
[thunder]
906
00:49:21,394 --> 00:49:25,265
In 2016, a 500-Year
Flood event
907
00:49:25,298 --> 00:49:29,102
completely overwhelms
the Bad River Reservation,
908
00:49:29,135 --> 00:49:31,805
which washes out roads
and bridges,
909
00:49:31,838 --> 00:49:34,307
including access
to many areas
910
00:49:34,341 --> 00:49:36,276
where the Enbridge
pipeline is buried.
911
00:49:39,145 --> 00:49:41,448
I think I have PTSD
from that flood.
912
00:49:41,481 --> 00:49:43,183
When it's happening
in front of you,
913
00:49:43,216 --> 00:49:44,651
you can't, you can't
react fast enough.
914
00:49:44,684 --> 00:49:48,288
And even if you do react
fast enough, you can't stop it.
915
00:49:48,321 --> 00:49:52,392
The roads were cut off.
That was it.
916
00:49:52,425 --> 00:49:54,761
If that pipe would've ruptured
in the middle of that flood,
917
00:49:54,794 --> 00:49:57,297
nobody could've done anything.
918
00:49:57,330 --> 00:49:59,132
NAOMI TILLISON:
The Bad River surrounding area
919
00:49:59,165 --> 00:50:00,533
was inundated with water,
920
00:50:00,567 --> 00:50:05,772
including what we're
referring to as a meander.
921
00:50:05,805 --> 00:50:10,744
A meander would be
where the river takes a turn.
922
00:50:10,777 --> 00:50:13,780
The river doesn't wanna do
that turn anymore;
923
00:50:13,813 --> 00:50:15,548
It wants to go straight through.
924
00:50:15,582 --> 00:50:18,151
NAOMI TILLISON: The Meander
is where Line 5
925
00:50:18,184 --> 00:50:20,320
intersects the Bad River.
926
00:50:21,588 --> 00:50:23,656
In the 50s, when they
put Line 5 there,
927
00:50:23,690 --> 00:50:26,826
it was like 310 feet from
the river to the pipe.
928
00:50:26,860 --> 00:50:28,561
When I was there
in the fall time,
929
00:50:28,595 --> 00:50:33,667
it was 28 feet from the
water's edge to the pipe.
930
00:50:36,503 --> 00:50:40,607
And every year that we
have a high-water event,
931
00:50:40,640 --> 00:50:44,310
you have water that is
scrubbing the topsoil off,
932
00:50:44,344 --> 00:50:47,347
as well as cutting the bank out.
933
00:50:53,753 --> 00:50:56,222
Mother Nature is in
the business, right now,
934
00:50:56,256 --> 00:50:59,292
of making sure that
that pipeline gets removed
935
00:50:59,325 --> 00:51:03,730
and she's encroaching on
Line 5 at the meander.
936
00:51:03,763 --> 00:51:07,901
NAOMI TILLISON: And so, at some
point, if nothing's done,
937
00:51:07,934 --> 00:51:12,539
that oil pipeline is gonna
be exposed to river forces
938
00:51:12,572 --> 00:51:15,709
that it wasn't originally
designed for.
939
00:51:15,742 --> 00:51:18,845
RIYAZ KANJI: When it does, the
soils will all get carved away
940
00:51:18,878 --> 00:51:22,349
and what you will have is
the pipeline hanging in the air
941
00:51:22,382 --> 00:51:24,451
with the full weight
of the oil in it,
942
00:51:24,484 --> 00:51:26,586
where the pipeline can't support
943
00:51:26,619 --> 00:51:30,190
the weight of that oil
anymore and could rupture.
944
00:51:30,223 --> 00:51:32,492
When the meander
reaches the pipeline,
945
00:51:32,525 --> 00:51:34,461
it's gonna be another Kalamazoo.
946
00:51:34,494 --> 00:51:36,696
You know, a Kalamazoo-style
rupture at the meander
947
00:51:36,730 --> 00:51:41,201
in Bad River would be
apocalyptic, uh, for us.
948
00:51:41,234 --> 00:51:42,836
Kalamazoo River was,
in an instant,
949
00:51:42,869 --> 00:51:45,372
transformed into a sea of oil.
950
00:51:45,405 --> 00:51:49,576
887,000 gallons of
oil have spilled...
951
00:51:49,609 --> 00:51:51,945
A spill in Michigan is
getting a lot of attention...
952
00:51:51,978 --> 00:51:54,214
Pouring at least 800,000
gallons of crude
953
00:51:54,247 --> 00:51:55,582
into the waterway surrounding
this--
954
00:51:55,615 --> 00:51:57,817
Would soon become the single
most expensive on-shore
955
00:51:57,851 --> 00:51:59,519
oil spill in U.S. history."
956
00:51:59,552 --> 00:52:02,922
This accident was a result
of multiple mistakes
957
00:52:02,956 --> 00:52:05,258
and missteps by Enbridge.
958
00:52:05,291 --> 00:52:07,327
A hefty fine is
coming for Enbridge.
959
00:52:07,360 --> 00:52:08,728
Enbridge will have
to pay roughly
960
00:52:08,762 --> 00:52:11,531
$62 million dollars
in penalties.
961
00:52:11,564 --> 00:52:13,733
The company responsible
for the 2010 oil spill
962
00:52:13,767 --> 00:52:15,201
into the Kalamazoo River
963
00:52:15,235 --> 00:52:17,570
is paying another
$170 million dollars.
964
00:52:17,604 --> 00:52:18,872
It could have been prevented.
965
00:52:18,905 --> 00:52:21,574
Community members were
very, uh, very concerned
966
00:52:21,608 --> 00:52:25,545
about something similar
potentially happening here.
967
00:52:25,578 --> 00:52:28,982
ANNIE MADAY: Enbridge had
started coming on the rez
968
00:52:29,015 --> 00:52:33,420
and they were like,
"Oh, we have these anomalies."
969
00:52:33,453 --> 00:52:36,423
I mean yeah, we have
a couple of "anomalies",
970
00:52:36,456 --> 00:52:38,692
and it's, it's such
a great English word.
971
00:52:38,725 --> 00:52:40,827
An anomaly is
like, say for instance,
972
00:52:40,860 --> 00:52:42,562
if there's a dent in a pipe.
973
00:52:42,595 --> 00:52:45,365
MIKE WIGGINS: It's like a point
of, uh, potential failure.
974
00:52:45,398 --> 00:52:48,335
I was on some of those digs.
975
00:52:48,368 --> 00:52:51,371
Six, seven maybe,
where they dug up the pipe,
976
00:52:51,404 --> 00:52:53,306
and then covered it back up.
977
00:52:53,340 --> 00:52:54,941
But then they come back
the next year.
978
00:52:54,974 --> 00:52:57,577
So, once that started happening,
979
00:52:57,610 --> 00:52:59,713
we started really
looking into it.
980
00:52:59,746 --> 00:53:01,348
And that, that's really,
when we started
981
00:53:01,381 --> 00:53:03,983
asking those questions:
How good is your pipe?
982
00:53:04,017 --> 00:53:06,486
What are they actually doing
on our reservation?
983
00:53:06,519 --> 00:53:07,620
What have they done?
984
00:53:12,759 --> 00:53:16,730
We went through a process
of working with Enbridge
985
00:53:16,763 --> 00:53:20,667
trying to come to some
kind of agreement.
986
00:53:20,700 --> 00:53:25,372
One of the issues that came
up was that if there was a leak
987
00:53:25,405 --> 00:53:29,009
in the pipeline and
it got to the waterways,
988
00:53:29,042 --> 00:53:34,381
there's no way they could
respond to it effectively.
989
00:53:34,414 --> 00:53:37,550
We asked them for additional
safety measures.
990
00:53:37,584 --> 00:53:39,586
And then that's when we
started getting the responses
991
00:53:39,619 --> 00:53:41,287
and getting
the vague responses.
992
00:53:41,321 --> 00:53:42,589
None of it was
ever shared with us.
993
00:53:42,622 --> 00:53:44,290
Or, or how they're gonna access,
994
00:53:44,324 --> 00:53:45,625
where they're gonna plan
on recovering
995
00:53:45,658 --> 00:53:48,862
or trying to pull
that oil back out.
996
00:53:48,895 --> 00:53:51,498
We started hosting
community listening sessions
997
00:53:51,531 --> 00:53:53,433
and information sessions.
998
00:53:53,466 --> 00:53:56,636
Community members came
and talked about
999
00:53:56,670 --> 00:54:00,040
how they didn't feel safe
with that pipeline.
1000
00:54:00,073 --> 00:54:02,942
It was, it was, um--
1001
00:54:02,976 --> 00:54:05,011
They didn't want it.
1002
00:54:05,045 --> 00:54:06,980
People, uh, for the most part,
1003
00:54:07,013 --> 00:54:09,382
from what I remember
were really upset about it.
1004
00:54:09,416 --> 00:54:11,384
Do we know the condition of it?
1005
00:54:11,418 --> 00:54:13,553
Do we have any access to data?
1006
00:54:13,586 --> 00:54:15,822
Line 5 especially,
was so old.
1007
00:54:17,824 --> 00:54:21,428
The pipe exists as, uh,
an anomaly itself
1008
00:54:21,461 --> 00:54:23,863
that does not belong
in this place.
1009
00:54:23,897 --> 00:54:26,066
And, if left alone,
1010
00:54:26,099 --> 00:54:28,468
our land and water will eject
1011
00:54:28,501 --> 00:54:30,937
and reject and get
rid of that pipe.
1012
00:54:30,970 --> 00:54:35,408
If it breaks, you know,
it's gonna pour
1013
00:54:35,442 --> 00:54:39,112
right into Lake Superior,
you know...
1014
00:54:39,145 --> 00:54:41,448
and that's bad.
1015
00:54:41,481 --> 00:54:44,818
If that water was contaminated,
1016
00:54:44,851 --> 00:54:47,854
that seven generation
little bit that I left
1017
00:54:47,887 --> 00:54:51,558
for great, great grandchildren,
um, wouldn't be there.
1018
00:54:51,591 --> 00:54:55,462
The otters and beavers
need that water.
1019
00:54:55,495 --> 00:54:57,897
The bears need it.
1020
00:54:59,966 --> 00:55:01,668
Our wild rice needs it.
1021
00:55:02,535 --> 00:55:05,572
BRAD BIGBOY: I want my children
and our future children
1022
00:55:05,605 --> 00:55:07,874
to be able to experience
what I did.
1023
00:55:12,746 --> 00:55:15,615
And have the resources
that we have now.
1024
00:55:18,084 --> 00:55:21,621
There's just a lot of things
putting that at risk,
1025
00:55:21,654 --> 00:55:23,790
and that scares me.
1026
00:55:29,562 --> 00:55:32,565
I'm afraid for my
great-grandchildren.
1027
00:55:32,599 --> 00:55:36,703
My father, when we were
talking about all the dams
1028
00:55:36,736 --> 00:55:38,938
and the pipelines,
he used to say like,
1029
00:55:38,972 --> 00:55:41,708
you know, like
"They took our land.
1030
00:55:41,741 --> 00:55:44,511
"They gave us this little piece.
1031
00:55:44,544 --> 00:55:47,147
"Why do they have to
go through that land?
1032
00:55:47,180 --> 00:55:48,982
"They took all the rest.
1033
00:55:49,015 --> 00:55:51,017
"Why do they still have
to try to take more
1034
00:55:51,051 --> 00:55:54,688
out of that little chunk?"
1035
00:55:54,721 --> 00:55:58,158
We passed a resolution
which essentially requested
1036
00:55:58,191 --> 00:56:00,193
for the decommissioning
of Line 5
1037
00:56:00,226 --> 00:56:02,662
through the Bad River
reservation.
1038
00:56:02,696 --> 00:56:06,032
We said, "Your lease
expired on this
1039
00:56:06,066 --> 00:56:08,468
and we're not going
to renew it."
1040
00:56:08,501 --> 00:56:12,138
It was time that we stood up
and said, "Enough's enough."
1041
00:56:12,172 --> 00:56:14,607
You know, "we want 'em out."
1042
00:56:14,641 --> 00:56:18,745
I was really proud that,
that we didn't give in.
1043
00:56:18,778 --> 00:56:20,146
I did a little air dance.
1044
00:56:20,180 --> 00:56:22,215
They're standing up
for themselves and saying,
1045
00:56:22,248 --> 00:56:27,821
"We are a sovereign nation,
and this is not good for us."
1046
00:56:27,854 --> 00:56:30,523
It's a David and Goliath
type of situation, right?
1047
00:56:30,557 --> 00:56:35,128
"Little Bad River" and, and big,
you know, "big-money Enbridge".
1048
00:56:35,161 --> 00:56:37,230
Enbridge should be outta here.
1049
00:56:37,263 --> 00:56:39,566
You gotta stop it.
1050
00:56:39,599 --> 00:56:41,701
Nah, there ain't no
amount of money
1051
00:56:41,735 --> 00:56:45,939
that's gonna replace
the watershed,
1052
00:56:45,972 --> 00:56:49,676
replace the quality
of Lake Superior.
1053
00:56:52,779 --> 00:56:54,447
It'll just be gone.
1054
00:57:03,256 --> 00:57:06,126
MALE NARRATOR:
The Band files suit in 2019,
1055
00:57:06,159 --> 00:57:09,195
seeking to eject Enbridge
from the Reservation,
1056
00:57:09,229 --> 00:57:11,197
not only for trespassing,
1057
00:57:11,231 --> 00:57:13,566
but because of the risk
of a pipeline rupture
1058
00:57:13,600 --> 00:57:16,603
at the meander.
1059
00:57:16,636 --> 00:57:17,837
MIKE FERNANDEZ:
When the lawsuit was filed,
1060
00:57:17,871 --> 00:57:21,574
we did everything to try
and have a conversation.
1061
00:57:21,608 --> 00:57:23,510
We also listened to the tribe
1062
00:57:23,543 --> 00:57:24,878
and in listening to the tribe,
1063
00:57:24,911 --> 00:57:27,580
we said, you know,
"We need to think about
1064
00:57:27,614 --> 00:57:29,582
what the alternatives are."
1065
00:57:29,616 --> 00:57:33,787
Business agreements come
and go every single day.
1066
00:57:33,820 --> 00:57:37,290
Our business agreement
ended with Enbridge,
1067
00:57:37,323 --> 00:57:39,092
and their response was,
1068
00:57:39,125 --> 00:57:41,728
"You will not end
this business agreement."
1069
00:57:41,761 --> 00:57:44,831
It's just like a
landlord-tenant thing, you know?
1070
00:57:44,864 --> 00:57:46,966
Landlord says, "That's it,"
you know,
1071
00:57:47,000 --> 00:57:49,002
"we're, we're not
redoing your lease."
1072
00:57:49,035 --> 00:57:50,870
You gotta leave.
1073
00:57:50,904 --> 00:57:55,809
We have a corporation that wants
the land for their own profit.
1074
00:57:55,842 --> 00:57:59,012
They are saying,
"You cannot be
1075
00:57:59,045 --> 00:58:03,016
the last authority
of denial for us."
1076
00:58:03,049 --> 00:58:06,286
This is the corporation
telling the tribe,
1077
00:58:06,319 --> 00:58:08,054
"I would like to
see your manager."
1078
00:58:08,088 --> 00:58:11,758
It's outrageous that Enbridge
continued to pump.
1079
00:58:11,791 --> 00:58:17,697
You have a vital resource
and, effectively,
1080
00:58:17,731 --> 00:58:21,668
you have a tribal
community saying,
1081
00:58:21,701 --> 00:58:24,237
"We want to shut all
of that down,"
1082
00:58:24,270 --> 00:58:29,075
and, "we don't care about
the millions of people
1083
00:58:29,109 --> 00:58:31,644
"that are dependent on
1084
00:58:31,678 --> 00:58:35,248
"540,000 barrels of oil
1085
00:58:35,281 --> 00:58:39,019
that are going through that
pipeline on a daily basis."
1086
00:58:39,052 --> 00:58:42,055
My little tribe is
standing up and saying,
1087
00:58:42,088 --> 00:58:45,692
"We're protecting the water,
not just for us,
1088
00:58:45,725 --> 00:58:48,695
we're protecting water
for the planet."
1089
00:58:48,728 --> 00:58:51,064
Not all of our decisions
are based off of
1090
00:58:51,097 --> 00:58:54,000
what's presented itself
from an Enbridge-lens,
1091
00:58:54,034 --> 00:58:57,737
but it's more of a deeper,
more thoughtful,
1092
00:58:57,771 --> 00:59:00,073
future-based decision
as a sovereign
1093
00:59:00,106 --> 00:59:01,341
about what we'd
like to have here
1094
00:59:01,374 --> 00:59:03,610
for our people in the future.
1095
00:59:03,643 --> 00:59:07,647
We have the right to say,
"Look it, the leases expired.
1096
00:59:07,681 --> 00:59:10,817
"Stop the flow, dig up the pipe,
1097
00:59:10,850 --> 00:59:12,752
remediate the soil,"
and, you know,
1098
00:59:12,786 --> 00:59:17,891
"don't let the doors hit you,
you're behind on your way out."
1099
00:59:17,924 --> 00:59:20,727
None of our old tribal councils
gave away our sovereignty.
1100
00:59:20,760 --> 00:59:26,733
None of 'em said, "From this
moment on, our tribe will exist
1101
00:59:26,766 --> 00:59:29,102
"and serve at
the pleasure of
1102
00:59:29,135 --> 00:59:33,640
the Enbridge pipe maintenance
and operation."
1103
00:59:33,673 --> 00:59:36,242
And yet, here we
are, years later,
1104
00:59:36,276 --> 00:59:38,778
and the company won't move.
1105
00:59:38,812 --> 00:59:40,380
This is our land.
1106
00:59:40,413 --> 00:59:43,049
Enbridge needs to leave.
1107
00:59:52,759 --> 00:59:55,261
FEMALE NARRATOR: Shortly after
the lawsuit is filed,
1108
00:59:55,295 --> 00:59:58,898
the Bad River Department
of Natural Resources heads out
1109
00:59:58,932 --> 01:00:02,402
to investigate a remote
part of the Reservation,
1110
01:00:02,435 --> 01:00:04,004
to survey the site
1111
01:00:04,037 --> 01:00:06,072
where the Enbridge helicopter
had crashed.
1112
01:00:07,807 --> 01:00:10,977
We couldn't see anything
at first because Enbridge
1113
01:00:11,011 --> 01:00:15,682
had not maintained that section
of the pipeline corridor.
1114
01:00:15,715 --> 01:00:19,853
It wasn't until we walked around
and circled back to the south,
1115
01:00:19,886 --> 01:00:21,788
when we could clearly see
1116
01:00:21,821 --> 01:00:25,025
an over 40-foot stretch
of Line 5 exposed.
1117
01:00:25,058 --> 01:00:26,893
-I was in shock.
-I was sickened.
1118
01:00:26,926 --> 01:00:29,029
We panicked and we started
trying to contact Enbridge
1119
01:00:29,062 --> 01:00:32,966
and looked for an
emergency response.
1120
01:00:32,999 --> 01:00:34,768
MALE NARRATOR: Although
Enbridge did not respond
1121
01:00:34,801 --> 01:00:36,269
for several hours,
1122
01:00:36,302 --> 01:00:39,105
the Company later
arranges a repair
1123
01:00:39,139 --> 01:00:43,977
of the exposed pipeline located
at what's called Slope 18.
1124
01:00:44,010 --> 01:00:47,414
A repair that didn't go to
plan.
1125
01:00:47,447 --> 01:00:49,716
I was a natural resource aid
1126
01:00:49,749 --> 01:00:51,317
and they needed somebody to
go out
1127
01:00:51,351 --> 01:00:55,488
with, uh, Enbridge
contractors to Slope 18.
1128
01:00:55,522 --> 01:00:58,024
They did their fix and it,
and it just puzzled me, right?
1129
01:00:58,058 --> 01:01:01,861
I don't think they realized
that they were building on clay.
1130
01:01:01,895 --> 01:01:05,031
And it doesn't
take, a scientist,
1131
01:01:05,065 --> 01:01:08,068
when you put water on clay,
it's just gonna erode.
1132
01:01:08,101 --> 01:01:11,071
We know our land.
We know our property.
1133
01:01:11,104 --> 01:01:13,340
Enbridge,
they messed it up twice.
1134
01:01:13,373 --> 01:01:15,108
KRIS ARBUCKLE: I brought some
engineers in there,
1135
01:01:15,141 --> 01:01:17,344
one of Enbridge's
main contractors,
1136
01:01:17,377 --> 01:01:20,213
and when we got there,
one of the tall guys,
1137
01:01:20,246 --> 01:01:24,417
he just looked at it
and he's like, "Wow."
1138
01:01:24,451 --> 01:01:27,220
He kind of had this
disgusted, looked at his guy,
1139
01:01:27,253 --> 01:01:29,122
his other partner and says
I said, "What's up?"
1140
01:01:29,155 --> 01:01:32,859
And, "Oh, n-nothing,
you know, nothing."
1141
01:01:32,892 --> 01:01:34,427
And he tells his partner,
he goes, "Who made this?"
1142
01:01:34,461 --> 01:01:39,933
He was standing there,
and he just kinda, like,
1143
01:01:39,966 --> 01:01:43,903
"Wow, this, this can fail
in three or four ways."
1144
01:01:43,937 --> 01:01:48,174
It's still not a fully
functioning remediation.
1145
01:01:48,208 --> 01:01:50,910
MALE NARRATOR: Enbridge now
proposes a third set
1146
01:01:50,944 --> 01:01:52,345
of repairs to Slope 18,
1147
01:01:52,379 --> 01:01:55,115
as well as major projects
to address
1148
01:01:55,148 --> 01:01:58,318
the pipeline problem
at the meander,
1149
01:01:58,351 --> 01:02:00,854
which the Band rejects.
1150
01:02:00,887 --> 01:02:03,790
The Band itself and
the experts have said,
1151
01:02:03,823 --> 01:02:05,258
"Well if they couldn't do that,
1152
01:02:05,291 --> 01:02:08,161
how are they gonna do
this without mishap?"
1153
01:02:08,194 --> 01:02:11,031
So, so what's happening is
Bad River itself is saying,
1154
01:02:11,064 --> 01:02:15,001
"Okay, we're gonna
assume the risk."
1155
01:02:15,035 --> 01:02:16,803
INTERVIEWER:
Well, I understand--
1156
01:02:16,836 --> 01:02:18,838
'C-Cause we can't
get to the pipe.
1157
01:02:18,872 --> 01:02:21,941
If we can't get to the pipe, how
can we establish that it's safe?
1158
01:02:21,975 --> 01:02:23,209
INTERVIEWER:
You can shut it down.
1159
01:02:23,243 --> 01:02:24,978
No, we can't.
1160
01:02:25,011 --> 01:02:28,415
The situation with Enbridge
has been very stressful.
1161
01:02:28,448 --> 01:02:29,983
They've thrown everything at us,
1162
01:02:30,016 --> 01:02:33,019
I think thinking they
could crush the Band.
1163
01:02:33,053 --> 01:02:34,888
They subpoenaed
environmental groups
1164
01:02:34,921 --> 01:02:37,524
in Michigan and Wisconsin
trying to find out
1165
01:02:37,557 --> 01:02:40,894
if the Band was in some kind
of conspiracy with them.
1166
01:02:40,927 --> 01:02:42,962
And subpoenas, you know,
1167
01:02:42,996 --> 01:02:45,165
trying to get at people's
personal cell phones.
1168
01:02:45,198 --> 01:02:46,399
MALE NARRATOR:
The judge denies
1169
01:02:46,433 --> 01:02:48,234
this cellphone
subpoena request,
1170
01:02:48,268 --> 01:02:52,339
calling it part of
a "scorched earth policy."
1171
01:02:52,372 --> 01:02:54,341
It's hard to fight
a oil company
1172
01:02:54,374 --> 01:02:56,976
that has a lot
more money and resources,
1173
01:02:57,010 --> 01:03:02,315
then you do.
1174
01:03:02,349 --> 01:03:05,985
I saw the Enbridge
situation get divisive
1175
01:03:06,019 --> 01:03:08,988
when Enbridge started to
1176
01:03:09,022 --> 01:03:13,059
solicit tribal members for jobs.
1177
01:03:13,093 --> 01:03:17,630
They started holding
meetings in Ashland
1178
01:03:17,664 --> 01:03:20,900
and tribal members
went to those
1179
01:03:20,934 --> 01:03:23,203
just to see what we could learn.
1180
01:03:23,236 --> 01:03:27,173
I did attend a couple of,
uh, Enbridge's meetings.
1181
01:03:27,207 --> 01:03:30,410
STEPHANIE JULIAN: It becomes
apparent right away
1182
01:03:30,443 --> 01:03:33,513
that it's not
that you're gonna learn,
1183
01:03:33,546 --> 01:03:36,383
it's that they're
gonna take that opportunity
1184
01:03:36,416 --> 01:03:38,251
to change your mind.
1185
01:03:38,284 --> 01:03:41,921
And what better way to do it
than entice 'em with money?
1186
01:03:41,955 --> 01:03:43,256
They're trying to win the
heart and minds
1187
01:03:43,289 --> 01:03:44,624
of tribal members through that,
1188
01:03:44,657 --> 01:03:48,128
that short-term offering of,
of, uh, labor, work.
1189
01:03:48,161 --> 01:03:50,230
When money comes up,
it always divides everybody.
1190
01:03:50,263 --> 01:03:53,099
They're floating money around
in people's faces
1191
01:03:53,133 --> 01:03:56,236
and, you know,
people that need money.
1192
01:03:56,269 --> 01:03:58,905
You have good people
making hard decisions.
1193
01:03:58,938 --> 01:04:02,609
I will never, ever
blame a person
1194
01:04:02,642 --> 01:04:04,944
for going out and
earning a living.
1195
01:04:04,978 --> 01:04:09,182
The whole Enbridge thing
really is a tough thing.
1196
01:04:09,215 --> 01:04:11,551
We got this, "I want it gone.
I want it outta here".
1197
01:04:11,584 --> 01:04:14,654
And then you have people,
"No, I wanna work."
1198
01:04:14,688 --> 01:04:16,089
I was mixed, I guess.
1199
01:04:16,122 --> 01:04:19,059
How can you say,
"No," to a company
1200
01:04:19,092 --> 01:04:22,228
that's gonna give you
30, 40, 50 bucks an hour?
1201
01:04:22,262 --> 01:04:23,963
Jesus!
1202
01:04:23,997 --> 01:04:25,398
Such disadvantage
we're in all the time.
1203
01:04:25,432 --> 01:04:28,468
It's just,
it's always a struggle.
1204
01:04:30,370 --> 01:04:33,606
I am an allotted owner
of the parcel
1205
01:04:33,640 --> 01:04:36,409
that the pipeline runs through.
1206
01:04:36,443 --> 01:04:41,014
Initially, Enbridge offered me
$2,000 to sign
1207
01:04:41,047 --> 01:04:43,983
a consent form in perpetuity,
1208
01:04:44,017 --> 01:04:46,019
but I just put on there,
1209
01:04:46,052 --> 01:04:50,490
"F you. Get the fuck out".
1210
01:04:56,029 --> 01:04:59,165
FEMALE NARRATOR: Disagreements
over Enbridge spill
1211
01:04:59,199 --> 01:05:02,369
onto Bad River's
social media pages,
1212
01:05:02,402 --> 01:05:05,739
where even an Enbridge
consultant weighs in.
1213
01:05:05,772 --> 01:05:09,309
He posts that because of
the positive impact
1214
01:05:09,342 --> 01:05:11,544
Enbridge had after Kalamazoo,
1215
01:05:11,578 --> 01:05:15,715
people tell him they need
"another release."
1216
01:05:15,749 --> 01:05:19,119
As in another oil spill.
1217
01:05:22,355 --> 01:05:23,623
MALE NARRATOR:
A second Enbridge employee,
1218
01:05:23,656 --> 01:05:25,492
according to her deposition,
1219
01:05:25,525 --> 01:05:30,163
admitted to privately meeting
with Bad River members,
1220
01:05:30,196 --> 01:05:31,765
telling them that the
Kalamazoo River
1221
01:05:31,798 --> 01:05:35,101
is cleaner now than
before the oil spill.
1222
01:05:42,642 --> 01:05:45,679
This same employee,
who characterized her meetings
1223
01:05:45,712 --> 01:05:49,315
with Band members
as "gathering intelligence,"
1224
01:05:49,349 --> 01:05:53,520
also discussed upcoming
tribal elections with them,
1225
01:05:53,553 --> 01:05:56,589
admitting that her
Enbridge Colleagues preferred
1226
01:05:56,623 --> 01:06:00,260
that Bad River Chairman
Mike Wiggins be replaced.
1227
01:06:04,130 --> 01:06:08,568
We haven't done anything
to undermine him
1228
01:06:08,601 --> 01:06:10,503
politically or otherwise.
1229
01:06:10,537 --> 01:06:14,207
All we have done is tried
to share information
1230
01:06:14,240 --> 01:06:16,042
around the need
to do certain things.
1231
01:06:16,076 --> 01:06:19,579
I don't think community members
know what to believe,
1232
01:06:19,612 --> 01:06:21,448
'cause they hear from
tribal leadership
1233
01:06:21,481 --> 01:06:23,249
and then they got
that propaganda
1234
01:06:23,283 --> 01:06:24,818
on the other side coming in.
1235
01:06:24,851 --> 01:06:28,388
The tribe has experienced
this for hundreds of years.
1236
01:06:28,421 --> 01:06:30,457
The timber companies came
here before,
1237
01:06:30,490 --> 01:06:33,660
and this is just a new company
coming here using old tactics:
1238
01:06:33,693 --> 01:06:36,129
"We're bringing you guys jobs,
we're bringing you guys money."
1239
01:06:36,162 --> 01:06:38,298
"Here's the mighty green
dollar
1240
01:06:38,331 --> 01:06:40,467
and take it and
it'll all be good."
1241
01:06:40,500 --> 01:06:43,136
But then what are you losing?
1242
01:06:43,169 --> 01:06:44,471
ANNIE MADAY:
When there's a spill
1243
01:06:44,504 --> 01:06:46,139
and there's no water to drink,
1244
01:06:46,172 --> 01:06:48,608
can you drink your
dollars that you get?
1245
01:06:48,641 --> 01:06:50,543
I don't think so.
1246
01:06:50,577 --> 01:06:52,812
We love our land more
than we love the money.
1247
01:06:52,846 --> 01:06:55,382
That's what I said.
1248
01:06:55,415 --> 01:06:58,418
AURORA CONLEY: When you see
money as more of a commodity
1249
01:06:58,451 --> 01:07:00,687
and a necessity
than your own water,
1250
01:07:00,720 --> 01:07:04,457
rice, and land, then
they did kill you.
1251
01:07:09,829 --> 01:07:12,565
They killed that part of
you that's connected to it.
1252
01:07:14,534 --> 01:07:16,269
They killed that part of
your mind
1253
01:07:16,302 --> 01:07:20,407
that remembers what your
grandpa had to do,
1254
01:07:20,440 --> 01:07:22,342
what his grandfather had to do.
1255
01:07:22,375 --> 01:07:24,577
It's in my blood memory
1256
01:07:26,746 --> 01:07:30,483
that this land
is the most important thing
1257
01:07:30,517 --> 01:07:32,352
that there is,
1258
01:07:32,385 --> 01:07:34,521
because everything else
can be gone.
1259
01:07:47,233 --> 01:07:50,236
MALE NARRATOR: Enbridge offers
the Band $30 million dollars
1260
01:07:50,270 --> 01:07:52,639
to settle the lawsuit in 2020.
1261
01:07:52,672 --> 01:07:56,609
But the deal hinges
on a reroute of Line 5,
1262
01:07:56,643 --> 01:07:58,478
which the Company
will move
1263
01:07:58,511 --> 01:08:00,580
just outside of
the reservation,
1264
01:08:00,613 --> 01:08:03,550
but still within
the Bad River watershed,
1265
01:08:03,583 --> 01:08:06,619
crossing waterways
and a glacial aquifer.
1266
01:08:06,653 --> 01:08:10,357
The reroute is
a for-profit path
1267
01:08:10,390 --> 01:08:12,692
that is essentially awful.
1268
01:08:12,726 --> 01:08:14,828
In a draft environmental
impact statement,
1269
01:08:14,861 --> 01:08:18,565
there is 139 areas
where they're gonna blast.
1270
01:08:18,598 --> 01:08:22,502
And they're saying to the tribe,
"See, it's just gonna be worse.
1271
01:08:22,535 --> 01:08:27,941
Take our money and accept
the bad, or take the worse."
1272
01:08:27,974 --> 01:08:30,844
STEFANIE TSOSIE: We've already
seen Enbridge's record
1273
01:08:30,877 --> 01:08:33,513
when it comes to construction.
1274
01:08:33,546 --> 01:08:37,517
One piece of that is what
happened in Line 3 in Minnesota,
1275
01:08:37,550 --> 01:08:40,653
where the construction
of this pipeline
1276
01:08:40,687 --> 01:08:44,791
actually ended up piercing
three groundwater aquifers.
1277
01:08:44,824 --> 01:08:47,394
Enbridge Energy violated
a series of regulations
1278
01:08:47,427 --> 01:08:48,928
and requirements related to
1279
01:08:48,962 --> 01:08:53,266
its Line 3 pipeline construction
project in Northern Minnesota,
1280
01:08:53,299 --> 01:08:54,567
the violations included...
1281
01:08:56,536 --> 01:09:00,273
Another problem with the reroute
is the impact this could have
1282
01:09:00,306 --> 01:09:04,310
on trafficking of
Native girls and women.
1283
01:09:04,344 --> 01:09:07,280
There's a
community-known phenomena
1284
01:09:07,313 --> 01:09:09,949
of women facing violence,
1285
01:09:09,983 --> 01:09:13,286
being close to natural resource
extraction locations,
1286
01:09:13,319 --> 01:09:15,355
mines and oil pipelines.
1287
01:09:17,724 --> 01:09:20,360
What we've seen in other
areas when Enbridge
1288
01:09:20,393 --> 01:09:22,829
has engaged in construction,
1289
01:09:22,862 --> 01:09:27,600
there's been an uptick of
violence against native women.
1290
01:09:27,634 --> 01:09:29,369
MALE NARRATOR: Adding to
the Band's concerns
1291
01:09:29,402 --> 01:09:30,704
about a reroute,
1292
01:09:30,737 --> 01:09:32,839
the State of Wisconsin
announces
1293
01:09:32,872 --> 01:09:37,844
the investigation of a
Line 5 oil spill in 2022,
1294
01:09:37,877 --> 01:09:41,948
less than a mile away
from the Reservation.
1295
01:09:41,981 --> 01:09:45,385
We're seeing Enbridge
dig up contaminated soil;
1296
01:09:45,418 --> 01:09:48,621
this is what
we're concerned about.
1297
01:09:48,655 --> 01:09:52,025
MALE NARRATOR: Enbridge reports
that a single tablespoon
1298
01:09:52,058 --> 01:09:55,362
of oil is discovered.
1299
01:09:55,395 --> 01:09:56,963
FEMALE NARRATOR: Alarmed
by this news,
1300
01:09:56,996 --> 01:09:58,665
Joe Bates, a Bad River member,
1301
01:09:58,698 --> 01:10:02,302
flies his drone to
investigate the situation.
1302
01:10:02,335 --> 01:10:05,672
ELDRED CORBINE: They've gotta be
some, serious investigation done
1303
01:10:05,705 --> 01:10:10,610
on just what happened and
to what extent it happened
1304
01:10:10,643 --> 01:10:15,882
and not rely on Enbridge
for your information.
1305
01:10:15,915 --> 01:10:17,951
That's an old pipeline there.
1306
01:10:17,984 --> 01:10:20,620
How many more are out there?
1307
01:10:20,653 --> 01:10:22,422
You know, how many
more leaks are there
1308
01:10:22,455 --> 01:10:23,590
that nobody knows about?
1309
01:10:23,623 --> 01:10:25,692
Why do they have
to disrupt our land
1310
01:10:25,725 --> 01:10:29,062
when they took all of our land
and gave us this little piece?
1311
01:10:29,095 --> 01:10:30,630
So, why should they pollute it?
1312
01:10:30,663 --> 01:10:32,632
The people that, you know,
are responsible
1313
01:10:32,665 --> 01:10:34,501
for putting us at risk,
they don't share
1314
01:10:34,534 --> 01:10:35,969
any of the burden of risk.
1315
01:10:36,002 --> 01:10:39,673
They just benefit from their
oil coming across our lands.
1316
01:10:39,706 --> 01:10:44,010
The environmental injustice
where Bad River
1317
01:10:44,044 --> 01:10:49,683
is assuming all the risk for
crude oil, is patently unfair.
1318
01:11:02,429 --> 01:11:06,332
MALE NARRATOR:
On October 22nd of 2022,
1319
01:11:06,366 --> 01:11:10,937
Case Number 19cv602WMC,
1320
01:11:10,970 --> 01:11:13,973
the Bad River Band of
the Lake Superior Tribe
1321
01:11:14,007 --> 01:11:15,675
of the Chippewa Indians
1322
01:11:15,709 --> 01:11:21,481
versus Enbridge Energy Company
is called for trial.
1323
01:11:21,514 --> 01:11:22,916
[chanting]
1324
01:11:48,174 --> 01:11:50,710
Judge Conley, who's presiding,
1325
01:11:50,744 --> 01:11:54,114
will decide whether the
pipeline should be removed.
1326
01:11:54,147 --> 01:11:57,684
The company's in trespass
so, there was this sense of,
1327
01:11:57,717 --> 01:11:59,519
"Of course we can do this."
1328
01:11:59,552 --> 01:12:00,987
But then you get into it,
and you realize:
1329
01:12:01,021 --> 01:12:04,958
trying to shut down a pipeline,
that's a major endeavor.
1330
01:12:04,991 --> 01:12:07,460
DEB TUTOR: These big companies
do what they want
1331
01:12:07,494 --> 01:12:08,828
and they get away
what they want.
1332
01:12:08,862 --> 01:12:11,664
And, no matter what
we do we're probably
1333
01:12:11,698 --> 01:12:14,801
not going to be able to
stop them or change things.
1334
01:12:14,834 --> 01:12:17,771
GREGORY GAGNON:
They are so powerful,
1335
01:12:17,804 --> 01:12:20,740
that they can just
prolong a case in court.
1336
01:12:20,774 --> 01:12:25,078
And wait till, uh,
Bad River runs outta money.
1337
01:12:25,111 --> 01:12:27,647
They've got billions
and billions of dollars
1338
01:12:27,681 --> 01:12:30,750
that they can use
for litigation lawyers
1339
01:12:30,784 --> 01:12:33,586
and we're just a
little bitty small tribe.
1340
01:12:33,620 --> 01:12:37,090
FEMALE NARRATOR:
Opening statements begin.
1341
01:12:37,123 --> 01:12:39,526
The Band's lawyer explains
that the pipeline
1342
01:12:39,559 --> 01:12:44,597
located at the meander is at
imminent risk of rupture.
1343
01:12:44,631 --> 01:12:47,934
Only the judge is not
convinced.
1344
01:12:50,704 --> 01:12:52,472
MALE NARRATOR:
But when an Enbridge attorney
1345
01:12:52,505 --> 01:12:55,642
argues there's no imminent
danger at the meander,
1346
01:12:55,675 --> 01:12:59,079
Judge Conley jumps in,
pointing out that
1347
01:12:59,112 --> 01:13:00,914
the Enbridge lawyer has
just contradicted
1348
01:13:00,947 --> 01:13:04,551
his own expert's statement
that a major flood
1349
01:13:04,584 --> 01:13:07,787
could result in
a catastrophic failure.
1350
01:13:07,821 --> 01:13:11,891
That meander, it just,
it scares me.
1351
01:13:13,693 --> 01:13:15,895
Enbridge's put together,
you know,
1352
01:13:15,929 --> 01:13:17,731
really a slap-dash group
of projects
1353
01:13:17,764 --> 01:13:20,533
to try to stop erosion
at the meander.
1354
01:13:20,567 --> 01:13:22,068
MALE NARRATOR:
However, the judge,
1355
01:13:22,102 --> 01:13:25,171
who's ruled that Enbridge
is in a state of trespass,
1356
01:13:25,205 --> 01:13:27,707
still pushes the Band
to allow Enbridge
1357
01:13:27,741 --> 01:13:31,111
to proceed with these projects,
1358
01:13:31,144 --> 01:13:33,813
which could include
thousands of helicopter trips
1359
01:13:33,847 --> 01:13:37,784
or the construction
of a 130-foot bridge.
1360
01:13:37,817 --> 01:13:40,587
The Band has two huge concerns.
1361
01:13:40,620 --> 01:13:42,689
One is just the
environmental destruction
1362
01:13:42,722 --> 01:13:45,725
associated with this,
and why would you allow that
1363
01:13:45,759 --> 01:13:48,695
for a company that is
already in trespass
1364
01:13:48,728 --> 01:13:50,897
to continue operation
of their pipelines?
1365
01:13:50,930 --> 01:13:52,832
You're talking about
real infrastructure.
1366
01:13:52,866 --> 01:13:55,935
You don't just press a button
and it magically disappears.
1367
01:13:55,969 --> 01:13:59,639
We're in a fight against
this foreign corporation.
1368
01:13:59,673 --> 01:14:03,143
And the fact that this
oil company
1369
01:14:03,176 --> 01:14:05,979
has taken over our land
1370
01:14:06,012 --> 01:14:10,917
and put us at daily threat
of evisceration
1371
01:14:10,950 --> 01:14:16,022
is an extremely
stressful situation.
1372
01:14:17,657 --> 01:14:19,592
MALE NARRATOR:
Judge Conley then moves quickly
1373
01:14:19,626 --> 01:14:21,594
into the next phase of trial:
1374
01:14:21,628 --> 01:14:25,298
the impact of
a pipeline shutdown.
1375
01:14:25,331 --> 01:14:28,001
The judge clearly has
concerns
1376
01:14:28,034 --> 01:14:32,072
about the economic effects
of shutting down the pipeline.
1377
01:14:32,105 --> 01:14:34,941
MALE NARRATOR: He tells the
parties that he's not inclined
1378
01:14:34,974 --> 01:14:38,278
to order an immediate
shut down of the pipeline,
1379
01:14:38,311 --> 01:14:41,548
because he's worried about
roiling the energy markets,
1380
01:14:41,581 --> 01:14:44,017
including markets in Canada
1381
01:14:44,050 --> 01:14:47,587
where most of the
Line 5 oil is destined.
1382
01:14:47,620 --> 01:14:51,024
He does, however, reserve the
right to shut down Line 5
1383
01:14:51,057 --> 01:14:54,894
in the future, noting
Enbridge's state of trespass
1384
01:14:54,928 --> 01:14:58,164
and its delay in
moving off the Reservation.
1385
01:14:58,198 --> 01:15:01,267
They've cost us millions
battling us in court,
1386
01:15:01,301 --> 01:15:07,007
trying to stay right in
the heart of the reservation.
1387
01:15:07,040 --> 01:15:09,275
MALE NARRATOR: This effort
to remain on the reservation
1388
01:15:09,309 --> 01:15:12,045
is confirmed by an
Enbridge employee,
1389
01:15:12,078 --> 01:15:15,181
who admits in court that
the company had developed
1390
01:15:15,215 --> 01:15:18,151
a strategy to preserve
about $600 million dollars
1391
01:15:18,184 --> 01:15:22,322
a year of cash flow
related to the line.
1392
01:15:22,355 --> 01:15:25,058
Enbridge doesn't care about us.
1393
01:15:25,091 --> 01:15:27,861
Enbridge cares about
their bottom line.
1394
01:15:27,894 --> 01:15:30,597
Enbridge cares about
keeping that pipeline,
1395
01:15:30,630 --> 01:15:32,198
keeping that product moving.
1396
01:15:32,232 --> 01:15:35,635
MALE NARRATOR:
On the final day of trial,
1397
01:15:35,669 --> 01:15:37,971
Enbridge lawyers argue that
the pipeline should continue
1398
01:15:38,004 --> 01:15:41,107
operating while
the Company tries to pursue
1399
01:15:41,141 --> 01:15:43,076
a reroute of Line 5.
1400
01:15:43,109 --> 01:15:45,812
FEMALE NARRATOR:
The Band's lawyer disagrees,
1401
01:15:45,845 --> 01:15:47,847
speaking to the injustice of
1402
01:15:47,881 --> 01:15:50,183
a continuing
trespass by Enbridge,
1403
01:15:50,216 --> 01:15:54,254
and the violation of the
Band's sovereign rights.
1404
01:15:54,287 --> 01:15:56,322
As a sovereign, we made
a simple choice of,
1405
01:15:56,356 --> 01:15:58,858
"Hey, you know, the business
contract ended.
1406
01:15:58,892 --> 01:16:01,327
We'd like to part ways."
1407
01:16:01,361 --> 01:16:05,031
There's this history for
this tribe of fighting so hard
1408
01:16:05,065 --> 01:16:07,834
to protect a place
and its way of life.
1409
01:16:07,867 --> 01:16:12,706
And it just feels like one
of these epic battles.
1410
01:16:12,739 --> 01:16:15,108
You got a reservation of
a few thousand people
1411
01:16:15,141 --> 01:16:18,778
taking on one of the more
powerful companies in Canada.
1412
01:16:37,230 --> 01:16:39,265
FEMALE NARRATOR:
This battle with Enbridge
1413
01:16:39,299 --> 01:16:43,003
is just the newest chapter
of a very old story.
1414
01:16:43,036 --> 01:16:45,138
MIKE WIGGINS:
As people who are temporary,
1415
01:16:45,171 --> 01:16:48,775
we have a responsibility
to think about our decisions
1416
01:16:48,808 --> 01:16:50,977
in real-time, through the lens
1417
01:16:51,011 --> 01:16:52,879
of that seventh generation
1418
01:16:52,912 --> 01:16:57,784
that's still out there, yet
to arrive from the stars.
1419
01:16:57,817 --> 01:16:59,786
Our responsibility is
to try to take care
1420
01:16:59,819 --> 01:17:01,187
of this place and
send it forward.
1421
01:17:08,361 --> 01:17:10,830
Our elders tell us that
as human beings
1422
01:17:10,864 --> 01:17:14,367
we'll go through
the four hills of life.
1423
01:17:14,401 --> 01:17:16,036
Might say that
Caroline lake has
1424
01:17:16,069 --> 01:17:19,773
that amniotic globe
of fluid, right?
1425
01:17:19,806 --> 01:17:24,077
And it spills over
in the baby Bad River.
1426
01:17:24,110 --> 01:17:28,014
In its youth, it's, you know,
it's the small creek meandering.
1427
01:17:31,451 --> 01:17:35,288
By the time it hits the
Copper Falls complex up there
1428
01:17:35,321 --> 01:17:38,892
like a rambunctious youngster
it's just roaring and rushing
1429
01:17:38,925 --> 01:17:41,194
and clamoring around
and clanking everything,
1430
01:17:41,227 --> 01:17:43,763
and like a little bull
in a China shop.
1431
01:17:45,965 --> 01:17:47,867
It's starting to pick up speed
1432
01:17:47,901 --> 01:17:53,073
and it's starting
to pick up some vitality.
1433
01:17:53,106 --> 01:17:55,909
As it gets to the reservation,
all of a sudden,
1434
01:17:55,942 --> 01:18:00,213
those river bottoms open up,
where the meander is,
1435
01:18:00,246 --> 01:18:04,250
and you see that mature adult,
that's just rolling through.
1436
01:18:06,119 --> 01:18:09,856
And then eventually
it even loses its hair,
1437
01:18:09,889 --> 01:18:13,259
and that's where
those trees fall away.
1438
01:18:15,495 --> 01:18:20,233
As we make this last turn,
that fourth hill of life,
1439
01:18:20,266 --> 01:18:24,104
I always think about our
journey off this planet.
1440
01:18:24,137 --> 01:18:26,840
It's a transition into
something different
1441
01:18:26,873 --> 01:18:29,776
and other, and, uh, incredible.
1442
01:18:35,882 --> 01:18:38,752
SONNY SMART: When a time comes
for me to leave this world...
1443
01:18:40,453 --> 01:18:42,022
this is where I'll be.
1444
01:18:46,426 --> 01:18:52,165
To my great, great, great,
great grandchildren.
1445
01:18:52,198 --> 01:18:56,102
This is great, great,
great, great, great grandpa
1446
01:18:56,136 --> 01:19:00,573
and I want to talk to you about
who we are as a people.
1447
01:19:00,607 --> 01:19:04,444
We have responsibilities
towards you,
1448
01:19:04,477 --> 01:19:06,880
the seventh generation.
1449
01:19:06,913 --> 01:19:08,348
Hold on to your language.
1450
01:19:08,381 --> 01:19:10,216
Listen to the teachings
of your ancestors.
1451
01:19:10,250 --> 01:19:12,385
And pass them on
to your children.
1452
01:19:12,419 --> 01:19:14,387
Take care of your elders.
1453
01:19:14,421 --> 01:19:16,389
Tap into the strength
1454
01:19:16,423 --> 01:19:21,828
and the resilience
of this community.
1455
01:19:21,861 --> 01:19:23,530
Be strong.
1456
01:19:23,563 --> 01:19:25,298
Protect what we have here.
1457
01:19:25,331 --> 01:19:28,268
-Our water resources.
-Protect the earth.
1458
01:19:28,301 --> 01:19:29,402
Protect the rice.
1459
01:19:29,436 --> 01:19:31,237
Stay close to the land.
1460
01:19:31,271 --> 01:19:32,172
Love the land.
1461
01:19:32,205 --> 01:19:36,910
Not just today, but every day.
1462
01:19:36,943 --> 01:19:38,044
Respect Mother Earth.
1463
01:19:38,078 --> 01:19:41,014
Respect your
native American land.
1464
01:19:41,047 --> 01:19:44,417
Look at your great, great,
great grandchildren
1465
01:19:44,451 --> 01:19:49,189
from when you're gone and what
you wanna leave for them.
1466
01:19:49,222 --> 01:19:51,558
If you use it all up, there's
gonna be nothing for them.
1467
01:19:51,591 --> 01:19:54,027
Speak your mind even
though it's scary sometimes.
1468
01:19:54,060 --> 01:19:55,595
Don't stop fighting.
1469
01:19:55,628 --> 01:19:57,063
And never give up.
1470
01:19:57,097 --> 01:19:58,631
Don't let anybody
get in your way.
1471
01:19:58,665 --> 01:20:00,600
Stand up for what's right.
1472
01:20:00,633 --> 01:20:04,070
Fight for seven generations.
1473
01:20:04,104 --> 01:20:05,271
Make sure you know who you are.
1474
01:20:05,305 --> 01:20:07,073
Remember where you came from.
1475
01:20:07,107 --> 01:20:11,444
You come from a, a very strong
and resilient people.
1476
01:20:11,478 --> 01:20:13,880
Don't forget who you are.
1477
01:20:13,913 --> 01:20:17,951
You are strong and incredible.
1478
01:20:17,984 --> 01:20:19,452
Believe in yourself.
1479
01:20:19,486 --> 01:20:20,620
Be honest with people.
1480
01:20:20,653 --> 01:20:21,988
Be strong, be smart.
1481
01:20:22,022 --> 01:20:23,523
Get an education.
1482
01:20:23,556 --> 01:20:25,158
And do the best you can.
1483
01:20:25,191 --> 01:20:28,561
Best day to hunt in the
calendar year is November 7th.
1484
01:20:28,595 --> 01:20:31,631
No matter what you do
clear that day right now.
1485
01:20:31,664 --> 01:20:36,336
I hope what we left for you
is everything that we had.
1486
01:20:36,369 --> 01:20:38,371
And they have passed
that on to you.
1487
01:20:38,405 --> 01:20:41,975
We hope, uh, we make
the right decisions here today.
1488
01:20:42,008 --> 01:20:43,410
I hope we made you proud.
1489
01:20:43,443 --> 01:20:45,211
We love you very much.
1490
01:20:45,245 --> 01:20:46,513
I haven't even met you,
1491
01:20:46,546 --> 01:20:48,114
but I love you and
I'm thinking about you.
1492
01:20:48,148 --> 01:20:49,449
I think love is the answer.
1493
01:20:49,482 --> 01:20:51,384
I love you and I'm thinking
about you today.
1494
01:20:51,418 --> 01:20:53,953
As your ancestors, we're right
by your side every single day.
1495
01:20:53,987 --> 01:20:55,522
I'll always be there.
1496
01:20:55,555 --> 01:21:00,260
You have strong ancestors
and I'll always be with you.
1497
01:21:00,293 --> 01:21:05,398
We're still here and
we always will be here.
1498
01:21:07,667 --> 01:21:10,103
Miigwech.
1499
01:21:20,513 --> 01:21:22,282
[speaking Ojibwe]
1500
01:22:08,728 --> 01:22:10,196
I would just ask them,
you know
1501
01:22:10,230 --> 01:22:13,133
I'm talk to you in,
in Ojibwe language,
1502
01:22:13,166 --> 01:22:16,202
and I would hope that
as I'm talking to you,
1503
01:22:16,236 --> 01:22:20,273
you understand, you know,
what I'm saying to you
1504
01:22:20,306 --> 01:22:24,511
and ask, just, the spirits
to watch over you.
1505
01:22:24,544 --> 01:22:27,280
But mainly, you know,
that you listen
1506
01:22:27,313 --> 01:22:31,551
and you're understanding
me in, in the language
1507
01:22:31,584 --> 01:22:35,155
of my grandfather,
of his grandfather,
1508
01:22:35,188 --> 01:22:38,224
and his grandfather
and his grandfather.
1509
01:22:38,258 --> 01:22:39,459
and his grandfather...
1510
01:23:03,149 --> 01:23:04,184
* Live from the shell
of a turtle *
1511
01:23:04,217 --> 01:23:05,752
* About to snap *
1512
01:23:05,785 --> 01:23:07,654
* Quail tails, broke spells,
jump hurdles, where we at *
1513
01:23:07,687 --> 01:23:09,589
* Wish me well, on the journey
I might burn, I might splat *
1514
01:23:09,622 --> 01:23:11,658
* Pop said you're gonna
learn how to earn a stripes *
1515
01:23:11,691 --> 01:23:14,227
* Sticking to your pathways
Pitter-patter with the wind *
1516
01:23:14,260 --> 01:23:15,528
* As across the grass strains *
1517
01:23:15,562 --> 01:23:17,330
* Revel in the river
for a minute *
1518
01:23:17,364 --> 01:23:19,399
* Downstream with the fence
No means to an end *
1519
01:23:19,432 --> 01:23:21,601
* Brown green colors
got it at the mother flooded *
1520
01:23:21,634 --> 01:23:23,436
* In front line
give a whoop! *
1521
01:23:23,470 --> 01:23:25,672
* That's the sound
of the cavalry *
1522
01:23:25,705 --> 01:23:28,208
* I don't keep it sweet foul
mouth no ounce of a cavity *
1523
01:23:28,241 --> 01:23:31,378
* Just 'cause you're mad with
yourself, don't get mad at me *
1524
01:23:54,601 --> 01:23:58,605
[chanting]
1525
01:23:58,638 --> 01:24:01,274
*