1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:05,120 Is there anything unusual about the IRA and its terrorist movement, 2 00:00:05,120 --> 00:00:07,080 compared to the others you've covered? 3 00:00:07,080 --> 00:00:10,360 The IRA is different in that it's the dream of all intellectuals. 4 00:00:15,840 --> 00:00:18,680 It's a working-class movement, 5 00:00:18,680 --> 00:00:21,320 which has advantages in that the people of no property 6 00:00:21,320 --> 00:00:23,440 are very difficult to corrupt... 7 00:00:25,600 --> 00:00:30,760 ..since they tend to find in the dream, the ideal, great rewards. 8 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:39,200 The Army are up here in the middle of Lenadoon Avenue. 9 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:40,880 They'd come here... 10 00:00:40,880 --> 00:00:42,320 SHOOTING 11 00:00:42,320 --> 00:00:44,760 ..after an earlier confrontation down the end. 12 00:00:48,160 --> 00:00:52,560 One of the world's most feared guerrilla armies. 13 00:00:52,560 --> 00:00:57,480 In 1972, the IRA made an extraordinary decision... 14 00:00:59,680 --> 00:01:01,960 ..to make a documentary. 15 00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:07,160 Connect one end to the battery terminal. 16 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:10,480 And the other wire to the terminal on your timer. 17 00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:17,560 Proclaiming this would be their year of victory, 18 00:01:17,560 --> 00:01:21,000 forcing the British out of Northern Ireland, 19 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:25,960 they allowed the filming of IRA missions from start to finish. 20 00:01:30,720 --> 00:01:34,080 He's just put a bomb in the Queen's University Sports Club. 21 00:01:34,080 --> 00:01:36,760 It's set to go off in 20 minutes. 22 00:01:36,760 --> 00:01:42,240 They even put on show the men secretly running the organisation... 23 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:48,680 And the cordtex in turn will detonate the gelignite. 24 00:01:48,680 --> 00:01:51,560 ..right up to their supreme commander. 25 00:01:53,240 --> 00:01:58,640 The men are mainly idealists because they agree with the aims 26 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:01,200 and objects and methods of the IRA. 27 00:02:03,320 --> 00:02:09,280 They trusted American academic J Bowyer Bell to make the film. 28 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:11,840 What do you think of what the IRA does? 29 00:02:11,840 --> 00:02:16,000 You try to be as little judgmental as possible. 30 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:18,080 I would prefer that no-one got killed. 31 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:19,520 If you're going to kill people, 32 00:02:19,520 --> 00:02:21,720 I would have prefer that you be efficient. 33 00:02:23,280 --> 00:02:26,320 The whole endeavour made very little sense... 34 00:02:28,240 --> 00:02:31,920 ..when they knew intelligence agencies were trying to spy 35 00:02:31,920 --> 00:02:35,600 on everything they were doing. 36 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:39,360 The girl in this car will take the bag containing the bomb 37 00:02:39,360 --> 00:02:41,240 into the building. 38 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:45,680 These seasoned guerrillas, who relied so much on secrecy, 39 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:49,160 went before the cameras 40 00:02:49,160 --> 00:02:51,200 and, you know, 41 00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:53,200 in effect, put their heads on the block. 42 00:02:55,760 --> 00:02:59,200 Did they really know the film-makers they'd invited 43 00:02:59,200 --> 00:03:01,880 into their secret world? 44 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:05,000 My antenna told me he was a wrong 'un the moment I laid eyes on him. 45 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:16,680 This is the story of how the IRA were risking their inner secrets... 46 00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:22,920 ..for a film, which then strangely vanished for almost 50 years. 47 00:03:46,480 --> 00:03:50,320 I've spent years investigating stories about the IRA. 48 00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:56,960 But the making of this film, The Secret Army, is a mystery. 49 00:04:03,400 --> 00:04:06,880 Its disappearance is even more peculiar. 50 00:04:09,400 --> 00:04:12,840 My inquiries began five years ago. 51 00:04:12,840 --> 00:04:17,000 It's taken since then to locate the original film reels. 52 00:04:34,280 --> 00:04:38,880 Now, this says Secret Army, reel two of the cutting copy. 53 00:04:38,880 --> 00:04:41,520 So this would have been the next-to-last stage 54 00:04:41,520 --> 00:04:43,640 in the production process. 55 00:04:43,640 --> 00:04:45,440 Look at the rust on that. 56 00:04:47,120 --> 00:04:48,480 But inside... 57 00:04:50,400 --> 00:04:52,240 ..this looks OK. 58 00:04:56,480 --> 00:04:58,080 And this is... 59 00:04:59,880 --> 00:05:04,440 ..what should be the best guaranteed quality copy. 60 00:05:06,240 --> 00:05:08,000 This is the entire film. 61 00:05:09,960 --> 00:05:12,160 Look at that, it looks really clean. 62 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:08,920 The man in the film is Des Long, 63 00:06:08,920 --> 00:06:12,280 but he was more than an arms instructor. 64 00:06:28,960 --> 00:06:33,520 In one of the most significant events in modern Irish history, 65 00:06:33,520 --> 00:06:36,680 in these sheds in 1969, 66 00:06:36,680 --> 00:06:40,480 the Provisional Irish Republican Army was formed. 67 00:06:54,400 --> 00:06:57,160 Des long was there that night. 68 00:07:09,240 --> 00:07:12,720 There were maybe 29 or 30 of us, we had a long discussion 69 00:07:12,720 --> 00:07:16,240 from about 8.00 till 1.00. 70 00:07:16,240 --> 00:07:21,520 Those present elected an Army Executive and an Army Council 71 00:07:21,520 --> 00:07:23,840 of seven members. 72 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:37,040 There was a great cheer went up. 73 00:07:38,560 --> 00:07:42,480 The fighting IRA was established here, 74 00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:46,560 an IRA that was prepared to carry on a military struggle. 75 00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:55,440 I was proud that I, in some small way, contributed 76 00:07:55,440 --> 00:07:58,960 to the Irish Republican Army back as a fighting unit. 77 00:08:13,680 --> 00:08:18,880 Operating from the Irish Republic, Des Long helped drive the IRA's war 78 00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:21,520 to end British rule in Northern Ireland. 79 00:08:23,040 --> 00:08:24,600 Hello. How are you? 80 00:08:27,600 --> 00:08:29,080 How are you? 81 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:35,960 Ah, ref! 82 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:45,240 After giving away - they'll score three points out of this. 83 00:08:45,240 --> 00:08:49,800 I was running training camps for the IRA and then I went on 84 00:08:49,800 --> 00:08:54,280 to headquarters and I became, first of all, director of publicity, 85 00:08:54,280 --> 00:08:57,880 and then eventually became director of finance from then on. 86 00:09:01,880 --> 00:09:04,520 That's the stuff! 87 00:09:04,520 --> 00:09:06,040 Well done, lads! 88 00:09:07,200 --> 00:09:09,160 WHISTLE BLOWS 89 00:09:09,160 --> 00:09:10,520 Ah! 90 00:09:13,240 --> 00:09:14,960 Jesus! 91 00:09:16,480 --> 00:09:20,840 Can you just tell us about the job you had in the IRA? 92 00:09:20,840 --> 00:09:24,360 As finance director, what would the IRA need the money for? 93 00:09:24,360 --> 00:09:26,480 The purchasing of weapons. 94 00:09:26,480 --> 00:09:32,440 They make sure that training camps and make sure that volunteers 95 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:37,160 had some finance for transfers and all that. 96 00:09:37,160 --> 00:09:39,200 Where did most of the money come from? 97 00:09:39,200 --> 00:09:40,920 We got a lot of it from America. 98 00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:42,600 How much money are you talking about? 99 00:09:42,600 --> 00:09:44,240 I'm not prepared to comment on figures. 100 00:09:44,240 --> 00:09:46,000 But you're talking thousands? Thousands? 101 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:47,600 Hundreds of thousands. 102 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:10,760 Lights, cameras, action! 103 00:10:13,600 --> 00:10:16,720 Weapons used by active service units in the northern conflict 104 00:10:16,720 --> 00:10:21,440 have been secured by IRA organisers with great ingenuity and daring. 105 00:10:21,440 --> 00:10:23,960 Some were brought into the country from the United States 106 00:10:23,960 --> 00:10:26,560 and Western Europe, but most have been acquired in raids 107 00:10:26,560 --> 00:10:29,280 on British military barracks or clashes with troops 108 00:10:29,280 --> 00:10:31,040 in Belfast and Derry. 109 00:10:43,680 --> 00:10:47,400 I was giving them basics on weapons, you know? 110 00:10:57,400 --> 00:11:01,240 When they were making it, he told me to do that and I said, 111 00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:04,160 "I want a mask." "Oh", he said, "I'll tell you", 112 00:11:04,160 --> 00:11:07,040 he says, "You're going to be shown from the chest down." 113 00:11:10,320 --> 00:11:13,680 That was a verbal promise from him and it meant nothing. 114 00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:19,280 Annette, what did you think of Des' decision to take part in it? 115 00:11:19,280 --> 00:11:21,800 Well, I think he got a promise, didn't he, 116 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:25,680 that he wouldn't be shown, his face wouldn't be shown. 117 00:11:25,680 --> 00:11:31,200 I mean, if you make a promise, normally you keep it, you know? 118 00:11:32,600 --> 00:11:35,520 I'm pretty sure that Des was on the run at that time 119 00:11:35,520 --> 00:11:37,040 when that was filmed. 120 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:38,880 I was, yeah. Were you? Yeah, yeah. 121 00:11:38,880 --> 00:11:40,760 Yeah. I was. 122 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:44,320 What do you think would have 123 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:46,360 happened if the Irish authorities had... 124 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:48,680 I'd say he would have been locked up for a very long time. 125 00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:54,000 Wouldn't you? Yeah. Yeah. 126 00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:55,880 Five, six, seven years. 127 00:11:58,080 --> 00:12:02,080 And the fact that you were in possession of weapons... 128 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:08,400 The whole thing was just... 129 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:11,320 Well, it should never have been made. 130 00:12:11,320 --> 00:12:13,920 I'm sorry to this day that I ever took part in it. 131 00:12:34,360 --> 00:12:38,160 Londonderry, or Derry, as most in the city call it. 132 00:12:43,920 --> 00:12:47,880 It's where Bowyer Bell's team first filmed the IRA in action. 133 00:12:51,680 --> 00:12:56,120 They ran much of this city, Free Derry. 134 00:12:56,120 --> 00:13:00,160 Here, Catholics who suffered discrimination by Northern Ireland's 135 00:13:00,160 --> 00:13:04,040 Protestant-controlled government, barricaded state forces out. 136 00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:11,280 Now, that is Martin McGuinness. 137 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:12,760 Look. 138 00:13:12,760 --> 00:13:16,960 Though only 21 years old, Martin McGuinness was the dominant 139 00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:18,960 IRA leader in the city. 140 00:13:21,080 --> 00:13:24,320 Later, he would become one of the most significant figures 141 00:13:24,320 --> 00:13:26,040 of the entire conflict. 142 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:33,360 But here, it's his front-seat passenger doing the talking. 143 00:14:04,760 --> 00:14:08,240 Martin McGuinness died in 2017, 144 00:14:08,240 --> 00:14:11,880 but could his passenger still be alive? 145 00:14:21,480 --> 00:14:23,960 I discovered he is still in Derry. 146 00:14:35,480 --> 00:14:38,560 No, I don't believe it, I don't believe that. 147 00:14:40,240 --> 00:14:44,280 Tony Devine was one of the first recruits to the IRA 148 00:14:44,280 --> 00:14:47,680 when the conflict got under way. 149 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,240 So what time are you thinking, are yous going up the town? 150 00:14:50,240 --> 00:14:53,720 No, we're not going to bother. Right. 151 00:14:53,720 --> 00:14:57,400 John was saying there was a great crowd up yesterday. 152 00:14:57,400 --> 00:14:59,720 Oh, Daddy, I was so glad. It was mental, though. 153 00:14:59,720 --> 00:15:01,560 Aye, but everybody was having a great time. 154 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:03,560 They were all enjoying themselves. 155 00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:09,080 I was 17 or 18. 156 00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:11,640 Only just starting to discover girls. 157 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:14,040 And then along comes this war. 158 00:15:14,040 --> 00:15:17,200 Go and ask Damon and Ciaran if they've set up the fireworks thing. 159 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:19,960 I was forced into it, by the way 160 00:15:19,960 --> 00:15:22,760 we were being treated as second-class citizens. 161 00:15:24,760 --> 00:15:26,320 We had no work. 162 00:15:26,320 --> 00:15:29,840 And we had the British Army kicking our doors in. 163 00:15:29,840 --> 00:15:33,880 They took our country and we wanted it back. 164 00:15:33,880 --> 00:15:37,800 I mean, if you beat somebody often enough and long enough, 165 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:39,840 of course, they're going to bite back. 166 00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:41,920 And that's exactly what we did. 167 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:43,160 We bit back. 168 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:46,320 British Fireworks Association. 169 00:15:46,320 --> 00:15:48,560 That's the only time you can blow something British up 170 00:15:48,560 --> 00:15:50,560 and nobody will complain about it. 171 00:15:50,560 --> 00:15:52,640 Ho, ho, ho, ho, ho! 172 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:54,400 Heavy-duty stuff there. 173 00:15:54,400 --> 00:15:55,800 There we go. 174 00:15:59,040 --> 00:16:01,200 Here's one I prepared earlier. 175 00:16:04,640 --> 00:16:05,880 Ho-ho! 176 00:16:16,160 --> 00:16:18,160 Ho-ho-ho! 177 00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:19,920 That was scary there. 178 00:16:19,920 --> 00:16:21,360 Bloody hell! 179 00:16:21,360 --> 00:16:22,960 They're a danger to work with. 180 00:16:22,960 --> 00:16:26,960 The danger of working with fireworks, that's the end of that. 181 00:16:26,960 --> 00:16:29,720 Go and get me the rescue cream, in the drawer. You burn yourself? 182 00:16:29,720 --> 00:16:32,240 It scared me more than anything, to be honest with you. 183 00:16:32,240 --> 00:16:33,320 Put that on. 184 00:16:33,320 --> 00:16:34,680 There we go. 185 00:16:34,680 --> 00:16:36,320 Matches. 186 00:16:36,320 --> 00:16:37,800 Eeny, meeny, miny, moe. 187 00:16:37,800 --> 00:16:39,440 Thank you. 188 00:16:48,680 --> 00:16:52,440 By reputation, Tony Devine was a committed IRA man. 189 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:58,560 Rising up the ranks as they fought the British Army. 190 00:17:04,360 --> 00:17:06,160 Do you remember that day, Tony? 191 00:17:06,160 --> 00:17:07,960 I do surely, aye. 192 00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:12,560 What actually happened was, 10 or 12 of the Creggan volunteers 193 00:17:12,560 --> 00:17:16,920 had set up an ambush behind these houses. 194 00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:33,720 They were shooting away at the helicopter. 195 00:17:35,880 --> 00:17:43,040 Somebody says, "You're wasting your time firing at helicopters. 196 00:17:43,040 --> 00:17:45,440 "The bullets don't do no good." 197 00:17:45,440 --> 00:17:48,480 And it was then one of the boys turned round and says, 198 00:17:48,480 --> 00:17:51,560 "Aye, but we're firing armour-piercing shells." 199 00:17:56,800 --> 00:17:59,680 How did the camera crew behave? 200 00:17:59,680 --> 00:18:01,200 They were up our ass. 201 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:03,600 No matter where we went, they were there. 202 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:13,720 IRA operations launched from inside Free Derry 203 00:18:13,720 --> 00:18:17,680 were controlled by Martin McGuinness. 204 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:22,480 Now as the officer commanding the Derry part of the IRA Provisional 205 00:18:22,480 --> 00:18:26,000 operation, can you say whether the bombing is likely to stop 206 00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:29,560 in the near future in response to any public demand? 207 00:18:29,560 --> 00:18:33,280 Well, we will always take into consideration, the feelings 208 00:18:33,280 --> 00:18:36,160 of the people of Derry and these feelings will be passed on 209 00:18:36,160 --> 00:18:38,280 to our GHQ in Dublin, you know? 210 00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:46,840 Me and Martin hit it off. 211 00:18:46,840 --> 00:18:49,200 We were just like two brothers. 212 00:18:51,920 --> 00:18:54,480 That's Martin in the middle there. 213 00:18:54,480 --> 00:18:55,960 I'm at the end. 214 00:18:57,240 --> 00:18:59,920 I suppose at that stage, he was probably the most sensible one 215 00:18:59,920 --> 00:19:02,480 amongst us, he had a good head on him. 216 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:05,040 Were you close to him back then? Oh, definitely, aye. 217 00:19:05,040 --> 00:19:07,760 My hero, actually, to be honest with you. 218 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:31,120 And I says, "All right." 219 00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:33,560 I think Martin actually asked me to do the talking. 220 00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:21,160 God love them, they were so innocent. 221 00:20:21,160 --> 00:20:24,720 It still does look a bit strange that you're showing these children 222 00:20:24,720 --> 00:20:26,760 guns and bullets and stuff. 223 00:20:26,760 --> 00:20:29,720 No, but the kids got used to us. 224 00:20:29,720 --> 00:20:33,120 They got used to the units that were walking around. 225 00:20:33,120 --> 00:20:36,560 The kids used to follow the guys everywhere. 226 00:20:36,560 --> 00:20:38,280 It was all part of the thing. 227 00:20:38,280 --> 00:20:40,640 You got used to it after a while. 228 00:20:48,360 --> 00:20:51,040 No police were allowed into the area. 229 00:20:53,200 --> 00:20:57,760 Tony Devine outlines how his IRA unit dealt with those accused 230 00:20:57,760 --> 00:20:59,600 of criminal behaviour. 231 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:29,200 This is the reality of Belfast today. 232 00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:31,080 Bombs in the city centre. 233 00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:33,560 So much disruption, so many explosions. 234 00:21:33,560 --> 00:21:37,280 From time to time, you forget that it's become part of everyday life. 235 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:44,160 As Northern Ireland's largest city reeled from the bombings... 236 00:21:46,760 --> 00:21:51,800 ..Bowyer Bell was secretly filming with the IRA during every stage 237 00:21:51,800 --> 00:21:53,320 of another attack. 238 00:22:50,560 --> 00:22:53,960 He's just put a bomb in the Queen's University Sports Club. 239 00:22:53,960 --> 00:22:55,960 It's set to go off in 20 minutes. 240 00:23:11,120 --> 00:23:14,400 I've always been taught by nuns since I started school, 241 00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:17,720 and I'm taught by the Sisters of Charity now. 242 00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:21,360 This is the red-haired girl portrayed in the bomb attack. 243 00:23:24,560 --> 00:23:27,440 I do commercial subjects and languages. 244 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:29,400 They're always very useful. 245 00:23:31,440 --> 00:23:34,080 I'm a member of an IRA active service unit 246 00:23:34,080 --> 00:23:35,960 in the Andersonstown area. 247 00:23:41,640 --> 00:23:43,880 As far as the active service unit is concerned, 248 00:23:43,880 --> 00:23:46,440 there's not much to be said about them. 249 00:23:46,440 --> 00:23:48,000 Not really, you know. 250 00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:51,640 Besides, it's a great honour to be in it. 251 00:23:51,640 --> 00:23:56,120 I find that I am more sure of myself now than I was beforehand. 252 00:23:56,120 --> 00:23:59,480 At least I'm doing something, even if it's not much. 253 00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:06,280 She's Geraldine Hughes. 254 00:24:08,120 --> 00:24:11,680 She was 17 when ordered to take part in the film. 255 00:24:15,120 --> 00:24:19,280 # There is a red-haired girl 256 00:24:19,280 --> 00:24:23,280 # More sweet than you could find... # 257 00:24:23,280 --> 00:24:25,600 A song, The Red Haired Girl, 258 00:24:25,600 --> 00:24:28,360 complements her freedom fighter image. 259 00:24:28,360 --> 00:24:31,120 # ..in my mind 260 00:24:31,120 --> 00:24:35,120 # I take her to the mountains... # 261 00:24:35,120 --> 00:24:38,720 She died in 2006. 262 00:24:38,720 --> 00:24:43,080 # I spread the world before her...# 263 00:24:43,080 --> 00:24:47,560 But who composed the soundtrack to her life in the IRA? 264 00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:50,920 # I sit beside the stream... # 265 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:12,200 Finding the people who made this film, more than 50 years ago, 266 00:25:12,200 --> 00:25:13,800 is a struggle. 267 00:25:15,640 --> 00:25:17,320 Most have died. 268 00:25:23,720 --> 00:25:28,040 The man I'm looking for is 88 years old, 269 00:25:28,040 --> 00:25:31,480 now living on the edge of Arizona's Sonoran Desert. 270 00:25:36,200 --> 00:25:39,640 SAT NAV: After 200 yards, turn right. 271 00:25:39,640 --> 00:25:42,440 Then you have reached your destination. 272 00:25:56,200 --> 00:25:59,520 DOG BARKING 273 00:26:02,000 --> 00:26:03,760 Hello, how are you? I'm good. 274 00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:05,360 I'm Darragh. 275 00:26:05,360 --> 00:26:06,960 Mr Jacob is waiting for you. 276 00:26:06,960 --> 00:26:08,360 Oh, fantastic. 277 00:26:10,040 --> 00:26:11,360 Well, how are you? 278 00:26:11,360 --> 00:26:13,240 Good, how are you? Great to see you. 279 00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:15,160 You got my piano out. 280 00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:17,000 Let me see if I can play. 281 00:26:21,120 --> 00:26:22,400 Take your time. 282 00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:27,880 There you go. OK. 283 00:26:27,880 --> 00:26:29,720 I'm a little rusty on my playing. 284 00:26:31,920 --> 00:26:37,640 HE PLAYS SIMPLE MELODY 285 00:26:42,880 --> 00:26:45,160 Oh, boy! 286 00:26:45,160 --> 00:26:47,120 I'm rusty. What can I say? 287 00:26:50,240 --> 00:26:56,560 HE PLAYS THE SAME MELODY WITH BOTH HANDS 288 00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:33,240 You so have not lost the touch. 289 00:27:33,240 --> 00:27:34,720 Oh! That's... 290 00:27:34,720 --> 00:27:37,360 You should have heard me when I was really playing. 291 00:27:37,360 --> 00:27:39,440 Oh, that was brilliant, fantastic. 292 00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:40,600 Well, thank you. 293 00:27:42,840 --> 00:27:47,600 I was the composer of the music for the film, Secret Army. 294 00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:53,160 And Bo Bell is the fellow who made the film. 295 00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:55,840 This is J Bowyer Bell. 296 00:27:55,840 --> 00:27:57,600 Dr Bell. 297 00:27:57,600 --> 00:28:01,840 He asked me if I would go to Ireland and record the music there, 298 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:04,160 and I said, "Absolutely." 299 00:28:04,160 --> 00:28:07,800 It sounded like a fabulous project, to me. 300 00:28:12,720 --> 00:28:16,720 Bo had brought me up-to-date on what the situation was 301 00:28:16,720 --> 00:28:19,040 and the terrible injustice 302 00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:22,320 that was being done by the British 303 00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:24,000 to the Irish people. 304 00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:29,560 The first body I saw was that of a youth being carried out by other 305 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:31,640 civilians, with a priest in the lead, 306 00:28:31,640 --> 00:28:34,320 waving a bloodied handkerchief as a white flag. 307 00:28:36,640 --> 00:28:38,960 Worldwide attention followed 308 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:41,800 the killing of 14 unarmed civilians - 309 00:28:41,800 --> 00:28:45,080 Bloody Sunday, which defined for many, 310 00:28:45,080 --> 00:28:46,800 Britain's attitude to Ireland. 311 00:28:53,560 --> 00:28:57,480 I think the purpose of doing the film was trying to show 312 00:28:57,480 --> 00:29:00,360 the legitimate cause of the IRA. 313 00:29:03,480 --> 00:29:05,800 And the... 314 00:29:05,800 --> 00:29:09,400 ..non-legitimate ownership by the British of Ireland. 315 00:29:11,280 --> 00:29:14,840 But if somebody had been killed, how would you have felt? 316 00:29:14,840 --> 00:29:19,320 Terrible about their being killed but I still thought the cause, 317 00:29:19,320 --> 00:29:22,920 the cause of the fighting was just. 318 00:29:22,920 --> 00:29:25,160 I was in sympathy with the IRA. 319 00:29:45,440 --> 00:29:47,720 I've an opportunity to learn more 320 00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:51,680 about Bowyer Bell's work in Ireland, from his family. 321 00:29:57,240 --> 00:30:01,720 So, up this hallway, you'll find books on Ireland. 322 00:30:03,080 --> 00:30:06,000 Pretty much all these books. 323 00:30:06,000 --> 00:30:08,920 His first book was on the Civil War in Spain. 324 00:30:08,920 --> 00:30:11,520 So he does have some of that. 325 00:30:11,520 --> 00:30:14,120 But the vast majority is on Ireland. 326 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:19,400 We get back to his studio... 327 00:30:22,200 --> 00:30:24,440 ..where we have 328 00:30:24,440 --> 00:30:27,200 hundreds upon hundreds of paintings. 329 00:30:30,280 --> 00:30:32,760 He would just love to paint. 330 00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:40,600 This was my dad taken not long before he died, 331 00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:43,480 I think probably in the late '90s. 332 00:30:43,480 --> 00:30:46,560 He is looking right at us, isn't he? Right. 333 00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:50,240 It's quite an inscrutable look. Yes. 334 00:30:50,240 --> 00:30:52,720 We found these going through his papers. 335 00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:55,000 They seem to have been taken at the time 336 00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:57,400 that The Secret Army was being filmed. 337 00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:05,680 What do you remember about the film, The Secret Army? 338 00:31:05,680 --> 00:31:08,720 I remember us all being very excited. 339 00:31:08,720 --> 00:31:11,760 "Daddy's going to do a movie!" you know? 340 00:31:11,760 --> 00:31:16,720 But then we were all waiting for it to be on TV and it never was. 341 00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:21,640 It was a big disappointment. 342 00:31:24,560 --> 00:31:27,680 He actually had access to these people. 343 00:31:27,680 --> 00:31:31,040 It took him a long time, but he got them to trust him. 344 00:31:31,040 --> 00:31:34,120 And I think that was exceptional, 345 00:31:34,120 --> 00:31:37,000 that he was able to get people 346 00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:40,400 whose business it was to not be known, 347 00:31:40,400 --> 00:31:43,560 to talk to him in person. 348 00:31:43,560 --> 00:31:46,120 And he would go on these meetings. 349 00:31:46,120 --> 00:31:51,040 You know, he had to sort of learn how to be secretive. 350 00:31:51,040 --> 00:31:54,360 And I'm sure, you know, he was sure people were following him. 351 00:31:59,240 --> 00:32:02,200 Bowyer Bell used counter-surveillance tactics 352 00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:05,720 from the moment he collected Jacob Stern at Dublin Airport. 353 00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:14,000 Bo had said to me, "If you look out the back window, 354 00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:17,760 "you'll see that tan-ish automobile behind us 355 00:32:17,760 --> 00:32:20,880 "and it's Irish Special Branch." 356 00:32:20,880 --> 00:32:25,440 And behind that car, there was another automobile. 357 00:32:25,440 --> 00:32:29,800 And Bo said, "That's British MI6." 358 00:32:29,800 --> 00:32:33,120 And I said, "Oh." 359 00:32:33,120 --> 00:32:37,840 And we pulled up in front of the sandwich shop, 360 00:32:37,840 --> 00:32:41,880 and I thought we were going to go in and get a sandwich. 361 00:32:41,880 --> 00:32:43,320 But no, no. 362 00:32:43,320 --> 00:32:47,360 We walked in the front door and straight through the shop, 363 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:52,480 out the back door, and there was a car waiting for us there. 364 00:32:52,480 --> 00:32:57,000 And we got in it and drove out a different street. 365 00:33:04,520 --> 00:33:07,640 So this is somewhere in the backstreets of Derry. 366 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:11,880 And a man on the left, 367 00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:15,200 a tall man with that slight stoop, 368 00:33:15,200 --> 00:33:18,040 is the unmistakable figure 369 00:33:18,040 --> 00:33:20,000 of Martin McGuinness. 370 00:33:27,520 --> 00:33:30,600 I think it was Bo himself said, 371 00:33:30,600 --> 00:33:34,200 we're going to show you something that's never been seen before, 372 00:33:34,200 --> 00:33:38,520 the first filming of a car bomb that the IRA is going to set of. 373 00:33:41,360 --> 00:33:46,240 They'd stolen a car from a carpet salesman. 374 00:33:46,240 --> 00:33:52,320 The IRA put together a bomb and put them under the samples of a carpet, 375 00:33:52,320 --> 00:33:56,840 so you couldn't even tell anything was there. 376 00:33:56,840 --> 00:34:01,920 Not all bombs go off as they're supposed to. 377 00:34:01,920 --> 00:34:06,720 So I was in a heightened state of alert and worry. 378 00:34:20,240 --> 00:34:23,000 Is this where that bomb would have been prepared? 379 00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:25,640 This is where they moved the carpet. 380 00:34:25,640 --> 00:34:27,280 Around here. 381 00:34:27,280 --> 00:34:28,840 Around here? Aye, aye. 382 00:34:32,400 --> 00:34:35,720 I was standing back, watching it happening. 383 00:34:35,720 --> 00:34:39,400 There was a unit that was preparing an explosive device to be taken 384 00:34:39,400 --> 00:34:41,440 out into the city centre. 385 00:34:48,640 --> 00:34:52,200 It would have been a five-minute run, if all went well. 386 00:34:57,960 --> 00:35:01,240 The unit would have, they would have come up here. 387 00:35:01,240 --> 00:35:03,040 They could have been stopped at any stage? 388 00:35:03,040 --> 00:35:04,880 They could have been stopped at any stage. 389 00:35:04,880 --> 00:35:07,320 Once they got into the car, they were committed. 390 00:35:24,040 --> 00:35:27,120 And this is where, the bomb was just down here on the right? 391 00:35:27,120 --> 00:35:30,560 It was exactly there where that, see that trading place there? 392 00:35:30,560 --> 00:35:32,600 Just here? Aye. 393 00:35:32,600 --> 00:35:34,520 Could I tell you how long it took us to get here? 394 00:35:34,520 --> 00:35:36,840 It took us four minutes to get here. There you are, aye. 395 00:35:40,680 --> 00:35:43,880 I saw people walking in from the other end of the block 396 00:35:43,880 --> 00:35:46,480 and I was very worried about whether they're going to get 397 00:35:46,480 --> 00:35:47,920 injured or killed. 398 00:35:47,920 --> 00:35:51,320 But we were well back behind the IRA 399 00:35:51,320 --> 00:35:53,320 at the top of the block. 400 00:35:53,320 --> 00:35:55,640 Did you see the bomb go off? Yes, I did. 401 00:35:55,640 --> 00:35:57,760 BOMB EXPLODES 402 00:36:01,160 --> 00:36:02,960 It was a hell of an explosion. 403 00:36:12,280 --> 00:36:15,640 The unit made phone calls, they phoned the newspapers, 404 00:36:15,640 --> 00:36:17,360 they phoned the radio stations. 405 00:36:17,360 --> 00:36:20,800 And there was a good amount of time 406 00:36:20,800 --> 00:36:23,480 allowed for civilians to get out, 407 00:36:23,480 --> 00:36:25,080 get out of the way. 408 00:36:29,400 --> 00:36:32,840 SCREAMING 409 00:36:47,840 --> 00:36:51,240 An Irish TV news crew at the other end of the street 410 00:36:51,240 --> 00:36:53,280 captured the same bomb. 411 00:36:55,640 --> 00:36:58,440 There were people hurt and injured that day. 412 00:36:58,440 --> 00:37:01,400 26 people, at least 26 people were injured. 413 00:37:01,400 --> 00:37:03,880 The unit didn't set out to do that. 414 00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:07,240 And to this day, I can't understand why, 415 00:37:07,240 --> 00:37:09,400 because there was plenty of warning given. 416 00:37:13,040 --> 00:37:16,640 But still, people would get injured because that's the way of things 417 00:37:16,640 --> 00:37:19,400 with bombs, you can't control everything. 418 00:37:19,400 --> 00:37:20,960 I mean, we know that. 419 00:37:20,960 --> 00:37:22,520 I know that. 420 00:37:22,520 --> 00:37:24,800 All you can do is try and do your best. 421 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:35,200 Do you understand that, you know, the bombing of a city, 422 00:37:35,200 --> 00:37:39,400 to know of it in advance, and not to attempt to stop it 423 00:37:39,400 --> 00:37:42,560 or not to attempt to alert the police to it, 424 00:37:42,560 --> 00:37:44,120 that was a criminal offence. 425 00:37:44,120 --> 00:37:45,920 I didn't know that. 426 00:37:45,920 --> 00:37:47,840 And... 427 00:37:49,200 --> 00:37:53,480 You know, I couldn't possibly have alerted anybody 428 00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:55,880 without blowing the whole thing. 429 00:37:55,880 --> 00:38:01,280 And we were never given that much advanced knowledge of something. 430 00:38:08,160 --> 00:38:10,840 The bomb filmed by Bowyer Bell 431 00:38:10,840 --> 00:38:13,000 was part of a two-day blitz 432 00:38:13,000 --> 00:38:14,920 that left eight people dead. 433 00:38:20,960 --> 00:38:24,600 The British Government chose this moment to close down 434 00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:26,640 Northern Ireland's parliament. 435 00:38:30,840 --> 00:38:34,880 All of us have been horrified by the violence in Northern Ireland 436 00:38:34,880 --> 00:38:38,200 and by the suffering it has caused. 437 00:38:38,200 --> 00:38:42,240 The Government here in London is therefore obliged to take over 438 00:38:42,240 --> 00:38:46,360 for the time being, full responsibility for the conduct 439 00:38:46,360 --> 00:38:48,440 of affairs in Northern Ireland. 440 00:38:54,240 --> 00:38:58,920 The IRA had broken what they saw as Protestant rule. 441 00:39:01,200 --> 00:39:04,560 Ending British rule was their main objective, 442 00:39:04,560 --> 00:39:07,000 and that's what they wanted the film to capture. 443 00:39:18,440 --> 00:39:21,800 Bowyer Bell knew the IRA leadership personally. 444 00:39:24,400 --> 00:39:28,080 He'd spent four years researching a book on the organisation. 445 00:39:31,240 --> 00:39:33,400 Few knew the IRA better. 446 00:39:35,880 --> 00:39:38,960 Were you ever involved in the planning of an IRA bombing? 447 00:39:38,960 --> 00:39:43,080 I've known about them before they happened, but not in the sense that, 448 00:39:43,080 --> 00:39:45,920 well, he knows about it and is walking around and innocent people 449 00:39:45,920 --> 00:39:47,280 are going to get killed. 450 00:39:47,280 --> 00:39:49,400 I've known a situation where I couldn't have done anything 451 00:39:49,400 --> 00:39:51,400 if I had been of a mind to do so. 452 00:39:55,960 --> 00:39:57,760 But, you know, I'm all right. 453 00:40:03,200 --> 00:40:07,200 Bowyer Bell first published his book, also called The Secret Army, 454 00:40:07,200 --> 00:40:08,680 in 1970. 455 00:40:10,720 --> 00:40:11,920 Geraniums are great. 456 00:40:11,920 --> 00:40:13,560 They don't need much water. 457 00:40:15,880 --> 00:40:21,160 That same year, Tim Pat Coogan also wrote a book on the IRA. 458 00:40:21,160 --> 00:40:25,400 But the IRA only cooperated with Bowyer Bell. 459 00:40:28,440 --> 00:40:31,360 I wasn't going to let that stop me. 460 00:40:31,360 --> 00:40:33,040 I went to other sources. 461 00:40:33,040 --> 00:40:35,600 I got police records. 462 00:40:35,600 --> 00:40:39,480 After all, remember, I was an active journalist. 463 00:40:39,480 --> 00:40:41,640 I had my methods. 464 00:40:41,640 --> 00:40:43,520 And some American 465 00:40:43,520 --> 00:40:46,960 academic wandering into Ireland wasn't going to stop me 466 00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:48,120 writing my book. 467 00:40:50,120 --> 00:40:51,680 Is it a good book? 468 00:40:53,600 --> 00:40:55,080 I think so. 469 00:40:55,080 --> 00:40:59,680 I mean, if you if you want to know about the IRA in Ireland and, erm, 470 00:40:59,680 --> 00:41:03,520 you were handed Bowyer Bell's book, you know, you'd learn something. 471 00:41:03,520 --> 00:41:06,320 You'd have to say that he did a fair job on it. 472 00:41:06,320 --> 00:41:09,440 I wouldn't have approached it, obviously, the way he did. 473 00:41:09,440 --> 00:41:12,080 But then, we're two different people. 474 00:41:12,080 --> 00:41:16,120 It bolstered his reputation within the IRA to the extent 475 00:41:16,120 --> 00:41:19,200 that he got permission to do this extraordinary feat 476 00:41:19,200 --> 00:41:23,360 of photographing what was meant to be underground guerillas. 477 00:41:27,160 --> 00:41:29,480 You wouldn't know what Bowyer Bell told them. 478 00:41:29,480 --> 00:41:31,960 Did they think there was going to be a Hollywood bonanza 479 00:41:31,960 --> 00:41:34,880 from this film? That money would flow into the coffers? 480 00:41:39,720 --> 00:41:41,840 MUFFLED AUDIO: You know who your target is. 481 00:41:41,840 --> 00:41:44,080 You know...you know what to do. 482 00:41:47,840 --> 00:41:51,880 The IRA did make clear what they expected to get 483 00:41:51,880 --> 00:41:53,400 from the film. 484 00:41:55,120 --> 00:41:58,280 They wanted a more favourable opinion in America 485 00:41:58,280 --> 00:41:59,800 of what they were doing 486 00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:01,960 and how they were doing it. 487 00:42:01,960 --> 00:42:04,560 And maybe they could raise more money that way. 488 00:42:06,040 --> 00:42:08,360 EXPLOSION 489 00:42:08,360 --> 00:42:09,960 That's propaganda. 490 00:42:09,960 --> 00:42:11,080 Oh, I think so. 491 00:42:12,080 --> 00:42:13,240 That's what they w... 492 00:42:13,240 --> 00:42:15,960 I think that's what they would have liked best of all. 493 00:42:15,960 --> 00:42:17,680 Straight propaganda. 494 00:42:17,680 --> 00:42:19,120 But you're not a propagandist? 495 00:42:19,120 --> 00:42:22,600 No. I do music! 496 00:42:22,600 --> 00:42:24,840 GUNFIRE 497 00:42:26,560 --> 00:42:28,600 AMERICAN INTERVIEWER: Do they trust you? 498 00:42:28,600 --> 00:42:30,280 To a degree. 499 00:42:30,280 --> 00:42:33,280 I've been there so long and I've written the book on the IRA 500 00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:35,560 that they have to look up if they have any questions, 501 00:42:35,560 --> 00:42:38,360 that it's sort of too late to keep anything much from me. 502 00:42:48,480 --> 00:42:50,600 As far as our fringe area is concerned... 503 00:42:50,600 --> 00:42:54,200 IRA trust in Bowyer Bell only went so far. 504 00:43:01,800 --> 00:43:05,960 They insisted on controlling the film's content. 505 00:43:05,960 --> 00:43:10,160 They said, "We will see the finished product. 506 00:43:10,160 --> 00:43:12,560 "And when it's...when we've approved it..." 507 00:43:12,560 --> 00:43:15,280 the whole film would be mixed, 508 00:43:15,280 --> 00:43:17,720 so it couldn't be changed again. 509 00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:22,280 MUFFLED AUDIO 510 00:43:22,280 --> 00:43:23,640 STAND TO ATTENTION 511 00:43:28,400 --> 00:43:31,040 I've independently confirmed that Bowyer Bell 512 00:43:31,040 --> 00:43:34,120 conceded control to the IRA. 513 00:43:34,120 --> 00:43:35,880 He must have known his film's 514 00:43:35,880 --> 00:43:37,400 integrity was shattered... 515 00:43:37,400 --> 00:43:40,160 Tonight's class... 516 00:43:40,160 --> 00:43:41,800 ..is on engineering... 517 00:43:41,800 --> 00:43:44,640 ..resulting in scenes like this. 518 00:43:45,760 --> 00:43:49,200 If you give the volunteer a basic knowledge of engineering... 519 00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:54,000 Paddy Ryan was one of the seven top commanders on the IRA's ruling 520 00:43:54,000 --> 00:43:55,360 Army Council. 521 00:44:04,920 --> 00:44:07,840 To prevent any attempt to re-edit the film 522 00:44:07,840 --> 00:44:11,560 after it was finished, the IRA threatened the production team. 523 00:44:22,080 --> 00:44:26,800 They said if any separate parts of the film 524 00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:31,600 were attempted to be taken separately to America, 525 00:44:31,600 --> 00:44:35,480 that we would be all shot at the airport. 526 00:44:35,480 --> 00:44:37,440 "We're going to kill you." 527 00:44:48,520 --> 00:44:53,240 But the IRA's attempt to control the making of this film failed. 528 00:44:55,520 --> 00:44:59,920 Bowyer Bell's film reels needed developing before editing. 529 00:44:59,920 --> 00:45:03,280 There were no colour laboratories in Ireland. 530 00:45:03,280 --> 00:45:08,160 Instead, these canisters reveal he chose a London facility. 531 00:45:09,920 --> 00:45:13,880 10 School Road, London, NW10. 532 00:45:17,920 --> 00:45:21,720 That decision put the IRA's security at risk. 533 00:45:38,160 --> 00:45:42,240 The address on the cannisters back up an astonishing account 534 00:45:42,240 --> 00:45:46,120 the film's executive producer outlined to me five years ago. 535 00:45:54,640 --> 00:45:58,080 He said Bowyer Bell and the film's Director 536 00:45:58,080 --> 00:46:00,600 told him British intelligence 537 00:46:00,600 --> 00:46:02,400 had intervened in London. 538 00:46:04,680 --> 00:46:05,920 Mr Gildin? 539 00:46:05,920 --> 00:46:08,440 Yes. Lovely to meet you. 540 00:46:08,440 --> 00:46:09,960 Thank you. My pleasure. Right. 541 00:46:17,360 --> 00:46:20,240 Both men told you that the intelligence services 542 00:46:20,240 --> 00:46:24,520 of the United Kingdom viewed...? The material. Yes. 543 00:46:24,520 --> 00:46:28,280 Both of them said to you that the British intelligence services saw 544 00:46:28,280 --> 00:46:30,920 this footage after it was developed? 545 00:46:30,920 --> 00:46:32,480 Yes, absolutely. 546 00:46:32,480 --> 00:46:35,680 Did they give any explanation or did they give any indication 547 00:46:35,680 --> 00:46:40,480 about how they felt about the fact that British intelligence was seeing 548 00:46:40,480 --> 00:46:41,680 all their footage? 549 00:46:41,680 --> 00:46:48,120 I have to assume that the producers of the film had no alternative... 550 00:46:49,960 --> 00:46:53,960 ..but to turn the material over to British intelligence, 551 00:46:53,960 --> 00:46:57,960 if British intelligence said, "We want to see it." 552 00:46:57,960 --> 00:47:02,400 I don't think that it was a betrayal of any confidence 553 00:47:02,400 --> 00:47:04,720 or anything like that. 554 00:47:04,720 --> 00:47:09,080 I just think had they developed it in Dublin... 555 00:47:10,520 --> 00:47:14,280 ..erm, perhaps no-one would have seen it. 556 00:47:14,280 --> 00:47:17,120 By virtue of it being developed in London... 557 00:47:19,200 --> 00:47:23,760 ..that's where British intelligence got their hooks into it. 558 00:47:23,760 --> 00:47:25,400 GUNFIRE 559 00:47:35,440 --> 00:47:38,760 Leon Gildin's revelation is incredible. 560 00:47:43,640 --> 00:47:47,480 British intelligence in London would have been able to watch every 561 00:47:47,480 --> 00:47:52,680 scene, including footage the IRA would have cut from the final film. 562 00:48:00,640 --> 00:48:05,520 The timing of the making of the film has even more significance 563 00:48:05,520 --> 00:48:09,040 because it coincided with secret contacts the IRA 564 00:48:09,040 --> 00:48:11,720 were having with their British enemy. 565 00:48:13,000 --> 00:48:17,000 It should convince them that they haven't beaten the IRA, 566 00:48:17,000 --> 00:48:19,360 that they're not going to beat the IRA, that the only way to 567 00:48:19,360 --> 00:48:20,880 establish peace in Ireland is to 568 00:48:20,880 --> 00:48:23,280 sit down and talk to the leadership of the IRA. 569 00:48:28,360 --> 00:48:33,360 Those secret contacts led to a ceasefire and footage from 570 00:48:33,360 --> 00:48:37,120 The Secret Army was central to its announcement in America. 571 00:48:38,720 --> 00:48:40,120 Walter Cronkite's 572 00:48:40,120 --> 00:48:44,120 CBS News was supplied film clips by Bowyer Bell. 573 00:48:46,080 --> 00:48:50,000 We have an unusual picture report of the kind of thing the IRA 574 00:48:50,000 --> 00:48:52,160 was doing before today's announcement. 575 00:48:52,160 --> 00:48:56,000 The film of this secret bombing operation was shot by an independent 576 00:48:56,000 --> 00:48:58,760 television crew and is narrated by CBS News 577 00:48:58,760 --> 00:49:00,400 correspondent John Laurence. 578 00:49:03,880 --> 00:49:07,640 This is what happens on an actual bombing operation. 579 00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:11,680 The scene is Londonderry, inside the isolated Catholic enclave 580 00:49:11,680 --> 00:49:13,400 known as the Bogside. 581 00:49:13,400 --> 00:49:15,920 The team of IRA men work openly, 582 00:49:15,920 --> 00:49:19,080 for Army patrols stay out of the area. 583 00:49:19,080 --> 00:49:22,800 And this is what happens when a bomb goes off. 584 00:49:22,800 --> 00:49:25,720 Terrified people, unaware that a bomb has been planted, 585 00:49:25,720 --> 00:49:27,040 run for cover. 586 00:49:27,040 --> 00:49:28,600 ALARMS WAIL 587 00:49:30,600 --> 00:49:35,920 After tens of millions of Americans saw this, the IRA may have believed 588 00:49:35,920 --> 00:49:39,200 they were on the verge of a major propaganda coup. 589 00:49:40,600 --> 00:49:42,880 While their bombings appeared to have persuaded 590 00:49:42,880 --> 00:49:44,520 the British to negotiate. 591 00:49:50,080 --> 00:49:54,280 IRA leaders were flown to London by the British Government for 592 00:49:54,280 --> 00:49:55,600 face-to-face talks. 593 00:49:58,080 --> 00:50:01,760 As I was told, the British would have already seen four of them 594 00:50:01,760 --> 00:50:03,720 in the intercepted footage. 595 00:50:13,320 --> 00:50:18,120 A security breach of this magnitude makes me wonder if the film-makers 596 00:50:18,120 --> 00:50:22,160 ever told the IRA all the footage had been sent to London. 597 00:50:23,640 --> 00:50:25,680 And if they didn't, why not? 598 00:50:33,680 --> 00:50:38,280 It's becoming clear that Bowyer Bell could be more than just an author. 599 00:50:42,880 --> 00:50:44,080 That's it. 600 00:50:44,080 --> 00:50:46,200 BBC, that's why. Press from the BBC. 601 00:50:46,200 --> 00:50:48,080 This is BBC? Yeah. Oh, OK. 602 00:50:51,680 --> 00:50:55,000 Harvard University is where he once worked. 603 00:50:55,000 --> 00:50:58,920 I discovered they've retained some of his personal correspondence. 604 00:51:00,760 --> 00:51:04,600 And I think we have some specifically from the folder 605 00:51:04,600 --> 00:51:06,240 on Jack... 606 00:51:06,240 --> 00:51:08,440 Bowyer Bell, that's correct, yeah. Bowyer Bell, OK. 607 00:51:20,440 --> 00:51:22,080 Here's something. 608 00:51:22,080 --> 00:51:24,760 This is his CV from 1991. 609 00:51:27,680 --> 00:51:31,880 A consulting firm focused on problems of conflict set 610 00:51:31,880 --> 00:51:36,200 up and ran from 1976 that was advising on terrorism, conflict 611 00:51:36,200 --> 00:51:39,120 generally, for private and government clients. 612 00:51:42,320 --> 00:51:43,800 This is interesting. 613 00:51:43,800 --> 00:51:50,640 1974, a consultant to the Department of State, Department of Energy, 614 00:51:50,640 --> 00:51:54,240 the CIA, the Department of Justice, Department 615 00:51:54,240 --> 00:51:55,680 of Defense, and others. 616 00:52:00,640 --> 00:52:03,400 This guy is seriously connected. 617 00:52:04,800 --> 00:52:06,640 His security clearances, 618 00:52:06,640 --> 00:52:08,280 in brackets, lapsed, 619 00:52:08,280 --> 00:52:14,040 for the Department of Energy, the CIA, and the Department of Defense. 620 00:52:14,040 --> 00:52:19,240 I mean, that tells you this guy is clearly tied in and trusted 621 00:52:19,240 --> 00:52:20,520 by the CIA. 622 00:52:20,520 --> 00:52:22,640 HORN BLARES 623 00:52:35,240 --> 00:52:39,920 Why would he have been advising the CIA on terrorism, 624 00:52:39,920 --> 00:52:42,000 with top security clearance? 625 00:52:44,040 --> 00:52:47,360 A lifelong friend of Bowyer Bell knows more. 626 00:53:05,680 --> 00:53:06,880 Be careful now. 627 00:53:06,880 --> 00:53:07,920 Yep. 628 00:53:10,960 --> 00:53:16,160 Roberto Mitrotti has kept some of Bowyer Bell's original artwork... 629 00:53:16,160 --> 00:53:19,840 OK. All right, I'm going to hand them over to you. 630 00:53:22,160 --> 00:53:25,280 ..painted while he was associated with the CIA. 631 00:53:30,280 --> 00:53:34,680 Yeah, this painting is really about the core of his work. 632 00:53:36,160 --> 00:53:40,120 His expertise was terror, was irregular warfare. 633 00:53:41,600 --> 00:53:43,280 Part of him was pretty... 634 00:53:44,760 --> 00:53:46,520 ..pretty shitty. 635 00:53:46,520 --> 00:53:48,400 I mean, some of the work he did 636 00:53:48,400 --> 00:53:50,800 was pretty shitty, if he advised the Department of Defense. 637 00:53:50,800 --> 00:53:53,120 What do those guys...? What do those guys want, you know? 638 00:53:53,120 --> 00:53:56,760 They want to - the CIA - they want to create, you know, 639 00:53:56,760 --> 00:53:59,400 they want to eliminate. 640 00:53:59,400 --> 00:54:01,400 How many tanks do we need to eliminate? 641 00:54:01,400 --> 00:54:04,080 How many things...? How many people do we have to get out of the way? 642 00:54:04,080 --> 00:54:05,760 How many bombs? 643 00:54:05,760 --> 00:54:08,120 So this is what Bo did. 644 00:54:09,680 --> 00:54:12,920 But let me show you a picture of Bo in front of his art, 645 00:54:12,920 --> 00:54:14,760 which, there are very few. 646 00:54:14,760 --> 00:54:18,400 And I think this is the only one I managed to ever 647 00:54:18,400 --> 00:54:21,240 get my hands on. Here, look. 648 00:54:21,240 --> 00:54:22,840 Oh, wow. 649 00:54:22,840 --> 00:54:24,800 In front of a big painting. 650 00:54:24,800 --> 00:54:28,800 This is the catalogue of the exhibition in 2007. 651 00:54:28,800 --> 00:54:30,680 Here we have Agency Arena. 652 00:54:32,000 --> 00:54:34,720 This was, this was brilliant, too. 653 00:54:34,720 --> 00:54:38,400 This says, look, you can be as covert as you want, but I know 654 00:54:38,400 --> 00:54:40,560 where you are. I know where to find you. 655 00:54:40,560 --> 00:54:44,400 I can see your... I can see your finger everywhere, you know? 656 00:54:48,480 --> 00:54:50,280 Was he CIA, do you think? 657 00:54:51,480 --> 00:54:53,760 You've known him for 40 years. 658 00:54:55,080 --> 00:54:56,480 I think he was... 659 00:54:57,480 --> 00:55:03,240 He was too smart to be a servant 660 00:55:03,240 --> 00:55:05,960 of an American agency. 661 00:55:05,960 --> 00:55:11,520 So he might have taken money from them at some point, to provide 662 00:55:11,520 --> 00:55:16,680 certain services, provided the services were in the abstract. 663 00:55:16,680 --> 00:55:19,200 But he would never, knowing him, 664 00:55:19,200 --> 00:55:21,480 I don't think he would betray, 665 00:55:21,480 --> 00:55:28,880 he would sell people, human beings, in the service 666 00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:30,560 of the CIA idea. 667 00:55:35,080 --> 00:55:38,360 Was he kind of walking, always walking, 668 00:55:38,360 --> 00:55:40,280 some sort of fine line? Yes. 669 00:55:40,280 --> 00:55:42,520 How would you describe it? He loved it. 670 00:55:43,800 --> 00:55:47,800 He was really talking like a CIA agent. 671 00:55:47,800 --> 00:55:51,000 He was talking the talk and he lived it, 672 00:55:51,000 --> 00:55:52,800 and he was good at it. 673 00:55:54,120 --> 00:55:56,120 He was a character in his own movie. 674 00:56:02,760 --> 00:56:06,920 Taking money from the CIA for services in the abstract. 675 00:56:08,320 --> 00:56:11,280 Was Bowyer Bell more than just an adviser? 676 00:56:21,920 --> 00:56:26,040 As I look at who his main collaborator on this film was, 677 00:56:26,040 --> 00:56:28,480 the mystery deepens. 678 00:56:28,480 --> 00:56:31,920 Bowyer Bell's choice of director is startling. 679 00:56:40,720 --> 00:56:44,960 The first thought come into my head, you know, was that I was caught, 680 00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:46,520 that they'd caught me. 681 00:56:46,520 --> 00:56:49,000 I mean, I wasn't scared of being shot, or anything. 682 00:56:49,000 --> 00:56:50,440 I really wasn't. 683 00:56:54,040 --> 00:56:59,000 This IRA member, Rita O'Hare, is being interviewed by the director, 684 00:56:59,000 --> 00:57:02,440 Zwy Aldouby, an Israeli writer and journalist. 685 00:57:03,760 --> 00:57:07,000 His own back story could be from a spy novel. 686 00:57:15,320 --> 00:57:19,200 He was involved in a plot to kidnap a notorious Nazi. 687 00:57:42,080 --> 00:57:47,080 The CIA were actually gathering intelligence on Zwy Aldouby. 688 00:57:47,080 --> 00:57:50,480 And here they identify who he was connected to. 689 00:57:52,400 --> 00:57:55,960 This is a declassified CIA document. 690 00:58:00,000 --> 00:58:03,280 Spooling through here, we find 691 00:58:03,280 --> 00:58:06,440 a source telling the CIA that 692 00:58:06,440 --> 00:58:10,560 "Aldouby was part of a team based in Vienna... 693 00:58:13,120 --> 00:58:20,280 "..hunting Nazi war criminals, and working under the guidance 694 00:58:20,280 --> 00:58:23,400 "of Israeli intelligence." 695 00:58:25,600 --> 00:58:26,960 Hmm. 696 00:58:47,560 --> 00:58:51,840 What's baffling is that Zwy Aldouby doesn't appear to have any 697 00:58:51,840 --> 00:58:56,600 experience in film-making, yet he's inside the IRA 698 00:58:56,600 --> 00:58:59,560 as the director of this extraordinary film. 699 00:59:02,560 --> 00:59:04,040 DOG BARKS 700 00:59:05,960 --> 00:59:11,840 I find myself wishing that I really knew more about my own father. 701 00:59:13,560 --> 00:59:15,720 He's really, I'm tempted to say, like 702 00:59:15,720 --> 00:59:18,920 Austin Powers: International Man of mystery. 703 00:59:20,880 --> 00:59:23,120 Who was Zwy Aldouby? 704 00:59:25,680 --> 00:59:27,080 What do you think, Corey? 705 00:59:27,080 --> 00:59:31,760 As far as me saying how my father died, like, penniless and stuff - 706 00:59:31,760 --> 00:59:34,240 is that something we want them to air? 707 00:59:40,280 --> 00:59:43,560 No. I think let it be told. Just the true story. 708 00:59:44,640 --> 00:59:47,600 Well, you heard from the boss there. I did. 709 00:59:49,560 --> 00:59:51,440 HE SPEAKS ON VIDEO CLIP 710 00:59:53,200 --> 00:59:56,280 My father was born in Romania. 711 00:59:56,280 --> 00:59:58,400 He escaped the Nazis. 712 00:59:59,400 --> 01:00:04,920 However, the Nazis did manage to kill most of his family. 713 01:00:07,680 --> 01:00:11,640 He had an uncle who had a connection that managed 714 01:00:11,640 --> 01:00:15,360 to get him into Israel. 715 01:00:15,360 --> 01:00:19,640 And I think because he saw the terrors 716 01:00:19,640 --> 01:00:22,600 that the Nazis inflicted 717 01:00:22,600 --> 01:00:30,240 on his family, it caused him to really be patriotic for Israel. 718 01:00:33,760 --> 01:00:36,440 He became involved in the Haganah. 719 01:00:36,440 --> 01:00:43,040 The Haganah was the beginning of the military force of Israel 720 01:00:43,040 --> 01:00:45,000 and ended up in the Mossad. 721 01:00:51,520 --> 01:00:56,680 Do you think it's possible that your dad was part of some 722 01:00:56,680 --> 01:01:02,200 conspiracy involving intelligence agencies to infiltrate the IRA? 723 01:01:03,720 --> 01:01:07,960 I would say there would be a strong possibility because there is 724 01:01:07,960 --> 01:01:15,000 a connection of the IRA and Israel, and that connection 725 01:01:15,000 --> 01:01:16,560 would be Gaddafi. 726 01:01:16,560 --> 01:01:22,720 At that point, Gaddafi was selling or giving arms to terrorists 727 01:01:22,720 --> 01:01:28,160 that were attacking Israel, and Gaddafi was also giving arms 728 01:01:28,160 --> 01:01:29,840 to the IRA. 729 01:01:29,840 --> 01:01:35,280 And Israel at this point was in a very precarious state. 730 01:01:35,280 --> 01:01:36,480 So... 731 01:01:38,400 --> 01:01:42,680 ..my father, if he worked with 732 01:01:42,680 --> 01:01:46,920 or collaborated, or worked with 733 01:01:46,920 --> 01:01:52,200 the Mossad or Israeli intelligence, it would be a clear fit. 734 01:01:56,080 --> 01:02:00,320 Libyan dictator Colonel Gaddafi was viewed by Western intelligence 735 01:02:00,320 --> 01:02:03,920 agencies as a major international terrorist. 736 01:02:09,880 --> 01:02:15,600 Zwy Aldouby was actually working inside the IRA when Gaddafi first 737 01:02:15,600 --> 01:02:17,800 declared his support for them. 738 01:02:35,760 --> 01:02:40,160 Five months later, one of those appearing in Bowyer Bell's film 739 01:02:40,160 --> 01:02:44,120 oversaw the first consignment of Gaddafi's weapons. 740 01:02:48,840 --> 01:02:53,200 We organised a plane to fly to Libya to collect them. 741 01:02:55,560 --> 01:03:01,640 Well, we got 490 RPG warheads, which is rocket-propelled grenade, 742 01:03:01,640 --> 01:03:03,320 and 25 launchers. 743 01:03:35,600 --> 01:03:37,720 A training camp was arranged. 744 01:03:38,960 --> 01:03:42,800 Two of the volunteers were given instructions to fire the rocket. 745 01:03:42,800 --> 01:03:45,120 And they fired it from over there. 746 01:03:47,680 --> 01:03:51,280 And as you can see here, there's a hole here in this wall 747 01:03:51,280 --> 01:03:53,720 about an inch-and-a-half in diameter. 748 01:03:53,720 --> 01:03:58,360 And that's where the first rocket hit the wall and penetrated it. 749 01:03:58,360 --> 01:04:00,400 BIRDSONG 750 01:04:13,760 --> 01:04:18,600 It could penetrate armour and that was what it was designed for. 751 01:04:18,600 --> 01:04:22,400 And when it would penetrate the armour, it would explode 752 01:04:22,400 --> 01:04:27,280 inside the vehicle, killing those and injuring those inside. 753 01:04:30,320 --> 01:04:35,440 The attack came without any warning at 9.35, and it was a lucky fluke 754 01:04:35,440 --> 01:04:37,840 shot which killed Constable Keys. 755 01:04:39,440 --> 01:04:41,960 The Government said he died when the police station was hit 756 01:04:41,960 --> 01:04:43,600 by an anti-tank rocket. 757 01:04:43,600 --> 01:04:47,280 His was one of at least ten police stations and Army posts that came 758 01:04:47,280 --> 01:04:49,160 under such rocket attacks. 759 01:04:54,240 --> 01:04:58,960 Constable Robert Keys, a father of six, was killed by a rocket 760 01:04:58,960 --> 01:05:03,760 from this first of many deadly arms shipments by Gaddafi. 761 01:05:23,360 --> 01:05:27,640 Mossad deny that Zwy Aldouby was in their organisation. 762 01:05:29,160 --> 01:05:32,920 A former CIA deputy director who was monitoring Gaddafi 763 01:05:32,920 --> 01:05:37,320 from the 1970s, knows how Israel gets its intelligence. 764 01:05:41,760 --> 01:05:43,920 MAN SPEAKS INDISTINCTLY ON VIDEO 765 01:05:50,080 --> 01:05:55,120 Is it possible that Aldouby was spying on the IRA 766 01:05:55,120 --> 01:05:58,000 when he was filming them, and feeding information back 767 01:05:58,000 --> 01:05:59,680 to his former comrades? 768 01:06:00,760 --> 01:06:03,080 Almost a certainty. 769 01:06:03,080 --> 01:06:05,320 Mossad, they have long ties 770 01:06:05,320 --> 01:06:06,840 and connections. 771 01:06:06,840 --> 01:06:08,320 They maintain those. 772 01:06:09,960 --> 01:06:15,040 I don't think many of them have left totally. 773 01:06:15,040 --> 01:06:19,120 They're still involved, supporting Israel. 774 01:06:26,160 --> 01:06:31,160 So, Zwy Aldouby could have been spying for Israel. 775 01:06:31,160 --> 01:06:36,160 And because of Gaddafi, the CIA also kept watch on Ireland. 776 01:06:37,800 --> 01:06:42,120 We were very interested in Gaddafi anyway, in terms of funding 777 01:06:42,120 --> 01:06:48,040 or collecting arms, or just general support, 778 01:06:48,040 --> 01:06:51,520 cos you had this interesting 779 01:06:51,520 --> 01:06:54,040 phenomena that the IRA... 780 01:06:55,920 --> 01:06:59,280 ..tended to look to him as a 781 01:06:59,280 --> 01:07:02,600 supporter and an ally. 782 01:07:04,480 --> 01:07:08,160 Would you have had an officer or officers based in Ireland 783 01:07:08,160 --> 01:07:09,200 at this time? 784 01:07:10,160 --> 01:07:13,200 We had a chief of station in Ireland. 785 01:07:14,840 --> 01:07:18,080 Would you have had that as far back as 1972? 786 01:07:18,080 --> 01:07:19,280 Oh, yeah. 787 01:07:27,400 --> 01:07:32,960 Despite all the shadowy intelligence undercurrents around this film, 788 01:07:32,960 --> 01:07:36,840 it did arrive in America, where a sales campaign began. 789 01:07:42,880 --> 01:07:44,880 BELLS CHIME 790 01:07:46,600 --> 01:07:49,840 I like to go to church, go to Mass. 791 01:07:49,840 --> 01:07:52,280 It's a unifying factor. 792 01:07:57,360 --> 01:07:59,480 As well as IRA attacks, 793 01:07:59,480 --> 01:08:03,080 TV executives saw a pious IRA leadership. 794 01:08:09,400 --> 01:08:15,680 When I come home, I try to spend some time with the children. 795 01:08:15,680 --> 01:08:20,400 Six is a good number by what are called modern standards. 796 01:08:23,600 --> 01:08:26,440 A US broadcast seemed imminent... 797 01:08:31,480 --> 01:08:33,960 ..until what happened next. 798 01:08:35,640 --> 01:08:37,040 EXPLOSION 799 01:08:38,560 --> 01:08:40,520 EXPLOSION 800 01:08:50,320 --> 01:08:54,800 The IRA's talks with the British about a peace deal, collapsed. 801 01:09:01,440 --> 01:09:03,440 The IRA response - 802 01:09:03,440 --> 01:09:07,800 more than 20 bombs in Belfast one Friday afternoon. 803 01:09:11,440 --> 01:09:14,840 Nine people were killed, many dozens injured. 804 01:09:21,080 --> 01:09:25,320 The scale of death and injury was a public relations disaster 805 01:09:25,320 --> 01:09:26,600 for the IRA. 806 01:09:29,760 --> 01:09:34,600 But they were in Bowyer Bell's film, rationalising the risk to civilians. 807 01:09:36,120 --> 01:09:38,360 Well, the simple fact is that a young lad, 808 01:09:38,360 --> 01:09:40,280 before he sets out to plant a bomb, 809 01:09:40,280 --> 01:09:43,720 he takes every precaution possible to ensure that there will be no 810 01:09:43,720 --> 01:09:47,480 civilian casualties resulting from that bomb. 811 01:09:47,480 --> 01:09:52,200 One cannot be completely satisfied that the element of responsibility 812 01:09:52,200 --> 01:09:53,960 is totally removed. 813 01:09:53,960 --> 01:09:58,760 But yet, one bears in mind that eventually that the innocent 814 01:09:58,760 --> 01:10:02,080 civilians pay a price, that that price is not in vain, 815 01:10:02,080 --> 01:10:06,480 that from that sacrifice a better form of society will evolve. 816 01:10:11,160 --> 01:10:15,560 The rising toll on civilians was undermining the film's portrayal 817 01:10:15,560 --> 01:10:16,880 of the IRA. 818 01:10:18,000 --> 01:10:19,480 Can you clear back, please?! 819 01:10:27,200 --> 01:10:32,320 Made worse by the fact that the only death featured in the entire film 820 01:10:32,320 --> 01:10:35,520 is that of an IRA man killed by the British. 821 01:10:41,520 --> 01:10:44,680 The selling of the film was now in jeopardy. 822 01:10:48,800 --> 01:10:56,040 We had a neighbour who was one of the chiefs in control of CBS News. 823 01:10:56,040 --> 01:10:59,240 I took it to his house and handed it to him. 824 01:11:01,800 --> 01:11:04,920 He gave it back to me and said, "It's too romantic." 825 01:11:04,920 --> 01:11:06,160 "It's too..." 826 01:11:07,280 --> 01:11:09,120 You know, "It doesn't seem real." 827 01:11:11,560 --> 01:11:12,960 And... 828 01:11:14,440 --> 01:11:17,760 ..you know, I was, I was upset about that. 829 01:11:19,240 --> 01:11:23,320 Because by this time I was emotionally involved 830 01:11:23,320 --> 01:11:25,360 in the success of it. 831 01:11:25,360 --> 01:11:29,400 # And soothe her every care... # 832 01:11:30,480 --> 01:11:33,840 It was my job to go out and try and sell it. 833 01:11:34,920 --> 01:11:40,000 And I went to a new company that had just been formed... 834 01:11:41,400 --> 01:11:43,080 ..by the name of Viacom. 835 01:11:45,240 --> 01:11:48,440 And I showed it to them and they loved it. 836 01:11:49,440 --> 01:11:56,160 And they immediately offered me a contract for worldwide rights. 837 01:11:57,560 --> 01:12:00,800 I don't remember if they paid anything or not. 838 01:12:00,800 --> 01:12:04,680 They prepared a lovely four-page brochure. 839 01:12:04,680 --> 01:12:06,040 Oh, wow. 840 01:12:06,040 --> 01:12:07,720 I don't know if you've ever seen that. 841 01:12:07,720 --> 01:12:09,520 I've certainly never seen that. 842 01:12:09,520 --> 01:12:12,760 Well, that's from Derry the day the bomb went off. 843 01:12:12,760 --> 01:12:14,600 And there's footage from it. 844 01:12:14,600 --> 01:12:15,800 ALARMS WAIL 845 01:12:15,800 --> 01:12:17,320 EXPLOSION 846 01:12:22,400 --> 01:12:25,760 We thought it was a pretty good documentary. 847 01:12:25,760 --> 01:12:28,000 But what happened after that, 848 01:12:28,000 --> 01:12:31,240 I suppose we can discuss here today. 849 01:12:36,320 --> 01:12:41,600 Viacom took it for worldwide rights 850 01:12:41,600 --> 01:12:43,720 and never sold a copy. 851 01:12:47,920 --> 01:12:52,400 The commercial failure left Bowyer Bell and Aldouby in debt. 852 01:12:54,680 --> 01:12:56,920 Both had borrowed money to make it. 853 01:13:00,720 --> 01:13:05,200 Later, Bowyer Bell confided the reason no American broadcaster 854 01:13:05,200 --> 01:13:08,160 bought it was British intelligence. 855 01:13:10,400 --> 01:13:12,680 What did he say to you happened? 856 01:13:12,680 --> 01:13:15,440 The British Government was 857 01:13:15,440 --> 01:13:18,680 too afraid of the repercussions 858 01:13:18,680 --> 01:13:24,600 that the film could have with the Irish community in the US, 859 01:13:24,600 --> 01:13:28,360 which was a very powerful, wealthy community. 860 01:13:28,360 --> 01:13:34,760 So they, the British Government, the Foreign Office, decided to clamp 861 01:13:34,760 --> 01:13:40,160 down on it and put pressure on 862 01:13:40,160 --> 01:13:43,960 the US Government to stop the film. 863 01:13:49,360 --> 01:13:51,800 Whatever the reason for its rejection, 864 01:13:51,800 --> 01:13:54,080 the film then seems to vanish. 865 01:13:57,280 --> 01:14:03,120 Despite some private screenings, it didn't emerge into public view 866 01:14:03,120 --> 01:14:05,440 until almost 50 years later. 867 01:14:16,560 --> 01:14:20,400 The bombsite itself, Free Derry to those who have maintained it 868 01:14:20,400 --> 01:14:24,160 as one of the most notorious of Northern Ireland's no-go areas, 869 01:14:24,160 --> 01:14:28,000 has been ringing from the sound of pneumatic drills today as Army 870 01:14:28,000 --> 01:14:30,880 engineers tackle the toughest of the barricades. 871 01:14:37,360 --> 01:14:41,800 The IRA's attempt to make the ultimate propaganda film failed. 872 01:14:44,080 --> 01:14:46,760 Their hopes of ending British rule in Northern Ireland 873 01:14:46,760 --> 01:14:50,040 in 1972, also vanished. 874 01:14:51,800 --> 01:14:56,280 It's clear that the Army intends to stay and to stay in force. 875 01:14:56,280 --> 01:14:59,680 They've taken over more buildings and set to to turn them 876 01:14:59,680 --> 01:15:01,640 into fortified strong points. 877 01:15:04,920 --> 01:15:09,880 More than 25,000 British troops seized back control 878 01:15:09,880 --> 01:15:11,520 of IRA strongholds. 879 01:15:16,400 --> 01:15:19,400 Their no-go areas were now gone, too. 880 01:15:29,040 --> 01:15:31,440 I want you to get the feel of that weapon as well. 881 01:15:31,440 --> 01:15:35,160 This is an ideal weapon for assault groups 882 01:15:35,160 --> 01:15:37,920 in close-up fighting and it's a good weapon for street fighting. 883 01:15:37,920 --> 01:15:41,520 In 1986, Des Long's life also changed. 884 01:15:43,720 --> 01:15:47,920 Younger IRA leaders wanted much more emphasis on politics 885 01:15:47,920 --> 01:15:52,040 and forced him from the top of the IRA and out of the movement. 886 01:15:55,360 --> 01:15:57,880 Sources in Northern Ireland are taking seriously a claim 887 01:15:57,880 --> 01:16:00,720 earlier this month from a group calling itself the Continuity 888 01:16:00,720 --> 01:16:05,280 Council of the IRA that they carried out the bombing at the 889 01:16:05,280 --> 01:16:06,840 Killyhevlin Hotel in Enniskillen. 890 01:16:09,120 --> 01:16:14,520 In 2001, Des Long was charged with membership of the IRA breakaway 891 01:16:14,520 --> 01:16:16,400 group behind this bombing. 892 01:16:30,680 --> 01:16:33,640 MUSIC: Symphony No. 6, Second Movement, by Beethoven 893 01:16:37,000 --> 01:16:38,200 This one is called The Brook. 894 01:16:39,160 --> 01:16:40,600 Second movement. 895 01:16:42,360 --> 01:16:44,960 HE HUMS ALONG 896 01:16:55,360 --> 01:16:56,720 My phone is tapped. 897 01:16:58,000 --> 01:17:00,920 And find that Special Branch are passing your house 898 01:17:00,920 --> 01:17:02,440 on a regular basis. 899 01:17:03,840 --> 01:17:06,080 It's all constant watching and watching. 900 01:17:07,280 --> 01:17:08,520 I can't go to England. 901 01:17:08,520 --> 01:17:12,720 I know that if I went to England, I would be stopped and arrested. 902 01:17:19,640 --> 01:17:21,120 I'm banned out of America. 903 01:17:22,760 --> 01:17:25,320 I consider that a badge of honour, I'll be honest with you. 904 01:17:25,320 --> 01:17:27,000 HE CHUCKLES 905 01:17:38,840 --> 01:17:40,240 I am not in great health. 906 01:17:40,240 --> 01:17:41,920 I'm 82 years of age. 907 01:17:41,920 --> 01:17:45,640 But I would support anybody who is prepared 908 01:17:45,640 --> 01:17:48,520 to resist British occupation of my country. 909 01:17:49,920 --> 01:17:52,680 Full stop? Full stop. 910 01:17:52,680 --> 01:17:53,960 No qualms about it. 911 01:17:56,560 --> 01:18:00,040 You know, a lot of people would say you're a bit of a dinosaur. 912 01:18:00,040 --> 01:18:01,880 A lot of people say lots of things. 913 01:18:11,360 --> 01:18:16,640 Having organised IRA shootings of alleged criminals in Free Derry, 914 01:18:16,640 --> 01:18:21,760 in 1984, it was Tony Devine facing IRA justice. 915 01:18:21,760 --> 01:18:24,240 Accused of breaching discipline, 916 01:18:24,240 --> 01:18:26,120 his own life was at stake. 917 01:18:32,880 --> 01:18:36,040 And what they did was they asked for the death penalty. 918 01:18:37,480 --> 01:18:39,040 You know, and I couldn't believe it. 919 01:18:42,920 --> 01:18:45,200 He escaped a death sentence, 920 01:18:45,200 --> 01:18:48,760 but was dismissed from the IRA 921 01:18:48,760 --> 01:18:51,200 and ordered to appear for punishment. 922 01:18:56,760 --> 01:18:58,960 This is where my life changed forever. 923 01:19:06,240 --> 01:19:08,960 This is where the, the deed took place. 924 01:19:12,920 --> 01:19:15,640 The guy said to me, "You know, you're getting shot in both legs." 925 01:19:15,640 --> 01:19:17,320 I went, "All right, then." 926 01:19:17,320 --> 01:19:18,720 And he said... Both legs? 927 01:19:18,720 --> 01:19:22,760 Aye, he says, "I was told to break bone." 928 01:19:22,760 --> 01:19:25,680 I went, "All right." So he shot me in the ball of leg. 929 01:19:25,680 --> 01:19:27,560 The ball, what do you mean by the ball? 930 01:19:27,560 --> 01:19:30,000 The ball of me leg, the calf of me leg. 931 01:19:30,000 --> 01:19:33,440 And then he shot me in me left leg 932 01:19:33,440 --> 01:19:34,840 and he broke it. 933 01:19:39,600 --> 01:19:40,840 In The Secret Army, 934 01:19:40,840 --> 01:19:43,880 you talk about how people get shot in the legs. 935 01:19:46,160 --> 01:19:49,560 There's an irony that... Aye, what goes around, comes around. 936 01:19:49,560 --> 01:19:51,800 Aye, that's true. 937 01:19:51,800 --> 01:19:54,440 Well, I mean, you have to take it all, like. 938 01:19:54,440 --> 01:19:58,040 You can't say to somebody, "It's not right for you to do it," 939 01:19:58,040 --> 01:20:00,400 and then I go and do it, you know. 940 01:20:00,400 --> 01:20:02,800 Everything was aboveboard. 941 01:20:02,800 --> 01:20:05,800 You know, if you stepped out of line in any way at all, 942 01:20:05,800 --> 01:20:07,160 you were punished for it. 943 01:20:15,000 --> 01:20:19,960 Tony Devine and his IRA commander never spoke to each other again. 944 01:20:26,240 --> 01:20:29,880 Martin McGuinness eventually led the IRA to peace. 945 01:20:34,840 --> 01:20:39,080 Decades later, as a leader of a new Northern Ireland government... 946 01:20:41,320 --> 01:20:42,920 ..he was meeting Queen Elizabeth. 947 01:20:45,280 --> 01:20:47,360 Good evening. Hello, how are you? Are you well? 948 01:20:47,360 --> 01:20:49,720 Thank you very much. Well, I'm still alive, aren't I? 949 01:20:49,720 --> 01:20:51,320 Nice to see you again. 950 01:20:51,320 --> 01:20:52,360 Well, you're quite busy. 951 01:20:52,360 --> 01:20:54,080 Yeah. There's been quite a lot going on. 952 01:20:54,080 --> 01:20:56,000 I'm really sorry I let Martin down. 953 01:21:04,520 --> 01:21:06,760 Martin McGuinness was a brilliant guy. 954 01:21:06,760 --> 01:21:08,000 He really was. 955 01:21:18,840 --> 01:21:20,680 HE EXHALES 956 01:21:22,360 --> 01:21:23,800 Sorry about that. 957 01:21:33,880 --> 01:21:38,280 The IRA must have calculated the publicity from this film 958 01:21:38,280 --> 01:21:43,160 was worth exposing its members, like Des Long and Tony Devine. 959 01:21:47,240 --> 01:21:51,720 But did they fully consider how hidden enemies might exploit it? 960 01:21:54,280 --> 01:21:56,040 As the years went by, 961 01:21:56,040 --> 01:22:02,560 I would say that at all times 962 01:22:02,560 --> 01:22:05,680 I had some suspicion of Bowyer Bell, 963 01:22:05,680 --> 01:22:08,040 and as the years passed, and I learned more 964 01:22:08,040 --> 01:22:09,520 about how the CIA operated 965 01:22:09,520 --> 01:22:12,280 or how intelligence services work, 966 01:22:12,280 --> 01:22:16,440 I got...I was more and more suspicious of him. 967 01:22:16,440 --> 01:22:20,240 In fact, I wasn't in any doubt 968 01:22:20,240 --> 01:22:22,000 that he was a CIA agent. 969 01:22:25,360 --> 01:22:28,000 Straightforward duplicity. 970 01:22:28,000 --> 01:22:32,720 He was fooling the IRA and he was acting as a spy. 971 01:22:38,160 --> 01:22:41,320 PIANO MUSIC PLAYS 972 01:22:58,560 --> 01:23:01,760 My immediate reaction is absolutely not. 973 01:23:01,760 --> 01:23:04,440 Bo would not betray anyone. 974 01:23:07,320 --> 01:23:09,800 What sort of a man was he, as far as you're concerned? 975 01:23:09,800 --> 01:23:11,080 Straightforward. 976 01:23:11,080 --> 01:23:12,120 Honest. 977 01:23:12,120 --> 01:23:13,760 Er... 978 01:23:13,760 --> 01:23:16,880 Extremely, extremely brilliant. 979 01:23:25,800 --> 01:23:28,960 Bowyer Bell knew he was suspected of spying. 980 01:23:30,320 --> 01:23:33,560 Years after the film, he acquired Irish citizenship, 981 01:23:33,560 --> 01:23:37,480 and would dismiss allegations of betrayal as fantasy. 982 01:23:40,440 --> 01:23:42,480 He did work for the CIA, didn't he? 983 01:23:42,480 --> 01:23:47,080 Yeah, well, I mean, it's on his resume, 984 01:23:47,080 --> 01:23:51,040 because that was one of the ways he made money. 985 01:23:51,040 --> 01:23:53,520 This was after, this was after the film. 986 01:23:53,520 --> 01:23:56,520 He came home basically as an academic 987 01:23:56,520 --> 01:23:58,840 without being a professor. 988 01:23:58,840 --> 01:24:02,880 The only thing you can do is consult, write books. 989 01:24:04,240 --> 01:24:07,640 One way to make money was to run a war game 990 01:24:07,640 --> 01:24:09,720 for the Defense Department 991 01:24:09,720 --> 01:24:14,520 or consult with the CIA about terrorist mindsets or whatever, 992 01:24:14,520 --> 01:24:17,680 or go to a conference and give a speech on the subject, 993 01:24:17,680 --> 01:24:19,720 or be a talking head on TV. 994 01:24:19,720 --> 01:24:21,440 Like all revolutionary organisations, 995 01:24:21,440 --> 01:24:23,120 they tend to be incompetent. 996 01:24:23,120 --> 01:24:25,160 Secrecy and underground movements always are, 997 01:24:25,160 --> 01:24:27,000 and they kill a lot of people by mistake, 998 01:24:27,000 --> 01:24:28,320 which doesn't make it any nicer. 999 01:24:28,320 --> 01:24:29,760 In fact, it may make it worse. 1000 01:24:33,360 --> 01:24:37,000 He wrote proposals to the CIA saying, you know, 1001 01:24:37,000 --> 01:24:42,400 "I can teach a course in your class about, you know, terrorism." 1002 01:24:42,400 --> 01:24:44,000 He was open about it. 1003 01:24:44,000 --> 01:24:47,360 But that's a completely different thing from being a spy. 1004 01:24:47,360 --> 01:24:50,720 And he was never that, you know. 1005 01:24:50,720 --> 01:24:54,080 I mean, he probably wouldn't have told me if he was, 1006 01:24:54,080 --> 01:24:56,640 but I just can't even imagine it. 1007 01:24:56,640 --> 01:25:01,320 For one thing, he was not spy material, you know! 1008 01:25:08,800 --> 01:25:11,960 I've contacted the intelligence agencies. 1009 01:25:11,960 --> 01:25:14,120 None admit involvement in the film. 1010 01:25:17,560 --> 01:25:20,440 ON RADIO: The bomb wrecked Queen's University Sports Club 1011 01:25:20,440 --> 01:25:22,080 in Upper Malone Road. 1012 01:25:22,080 --> 01:25:26,240 I'm certain Becky Waring is telling the truth as she knows it. 1013 01:25:30,000 --> 01:25:32,520 And according to Bowyer Bell's own resume, 1014 01:25:32,520 --> 01:25:36,800 there was a two-year gap between filming with the IRA 1015 01:25:36,800 --> 01:25:39,600 and when he began working with the CIA. 1016 01:25:42,480 --> 01:25:44,680 But that may not be true. 1017 01:25:54,840 --> 01:25:57,720 "CIA, Justice and Defense." 1018 01:26:00,160 --> 01:26:01,640 My God. 1019 01:26:01,640 --> 01:26:04,360 The paperwork here confirms what I thought. 1020 01:26:04,360 --> 01:26:07,960 I see that Bowyer Bell was very much tied up with the CIA. 1021 01:26:07,960 --> 01:26:10,200 He had security clearance. 1022 01:26:10,200 --> 01:26:11,920 There's no doubt about it, 1023 01:26:11,920 --> 01:26:14,760 he was definitely up to his eyes with it. 1024 01:26:14,760 --> 01:26:17,320 No, I never thought he was an agent of the CIA, 1025 01:26:17,320 --> 01:26:20,400 but I thought he certainly was giving information to the CIA. 1026 01:26:20,400 --> 01:26:22,280 And this would confirm it. 1027 01:26:25,360 --> 01:26:27,080 They would be gathering intelligence. 1028 01:26:27,080 --> 01:26:29,200 "What about so-and-so? What about so-and-so? 1029 01:26:29,200 --> 01:26:30,960 "Did you meet so-and-so?" 1030 01:26:30,960 --> 01:26:33,360 That's not just listening to him, 1031 01:26:33,360 --> 01:26:35,920 they were gathering intelligence. 1032 01:26:35,920 --> 01:26:37,240 I'd love to see their file. 1033 01:26:37,240 --> 01:26:39,200 I'd say it wouldn't fit in this room. 1034 01:26:42,120 --> 01:26:43,160 CIA. 1035 01:26:44,280 --> 01:26:46,800 Top Secret. Department of Defense. 1036 01:26:47,840 --> 01:26:49,560 And Top Secret again. 1037 01:26:49,560 --> 01:26:51,680 I mean, there's no way... He must have been. 1038 01:26:51,680 --> 01:26:55,080 He was working for the CIA, I believe, 1039 01:26:55,080 --> 01:26:57,000 without a shadow of a doubt. 1040 01:27:00,040 --> 01:27:02,640 Knowing what I know now, you know, 1041 01:27:02,640 --> 01:27:05,840 never in a million years should they have been allowed 1042 01:27:05,840 --> 01:27:07,680 to film what they filmed. 1043 01:27:13,200 --> 01:27:15,600 You know, reading this here, 1044 01:27:15,600 --> 01:27:17,760 you know, we were idiots. 1045 01:27:17,760 --> 01:27:20,040 No, but that's in hindsight. 1046 01:27:20,040 --> 01:27:24,000 You know, and I'm just wondering what people... 1047 01:27:24,000 --> 01:27:27,080 Mossad? Come on, like. 1048 01:27:27,080 --> 01:27:30,080 A bunch of teenagers in the Bogside. 1049 01:27:30,080 --> 01:27:33,280 Mossad, the CIA, MI5. 1050 01:27:33,280 --> 01:27:37,040 That's all James Bond kind of stuff, you know. 1051 01:27:45,840 --> 01:27:50,320 It's impossible to be definitive about the making of this film. 1052 01:27:52,800 --> 01:27:56,200 Evidence of intelligence agencies' involvement in it, 1053 01:27:56,200 --> 01:27:59,880 unbeknownst to the IRA, is compelling. 1054 01:28:06,000 --> 01:28:10,880 Bowyer Bell may have been more than a consultant to the CIA. 1055 01:28:18,600 --> 01:28:22,240 But it's also possible he too was manipulated, 1056 01:28:22,240 --> 01:28:26,600 along with everyone else, by the spy masters. 1057 01:28:29,680 --> 01:28:31,600 Technically, I am an academic. 1058 01:28:31,600 --> 01:28:33,400 I associate with gunmen. 1059 01:28:33,400 --> 01:28:36,120 No-one is sure whether I am smuggling arms, 1060 01:28:36,120 --> 01:28:37,400 representing the IRA, 1061 01:28:37,400 --> 01:28:39,600 or what I say I am, which is an author.